®f)e  Cube  of  d^rbinances  of 
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ADOPTED  JUNE  20,  1916 

APPROVED  JULY  6,  1916 


&&  gmenbeb  to  tfjeclo**  of  tfje  gear  1917 

WITH 

INDEX,  NOTATIONS  OF  SOURCES  AND  TABLE 
OF  DISPOSITION  OF  GENERAL  ORDINANCES 
REPEALED 


COMPILED  BY 


Committee  on  Codification  of  <@ebinance0 
;v  2&oard  of  ftldermen 


CLARENCE  Y.  PALITZ,  Chairman 
CHARLES  A.  McMANUS 
WILLIAM  T.  COLLINS 
WILLIAM  C.  ROSENBERG 
JOSEPH  W.  SULLIVAN 


ALEXANDER  BASSETT 
JOHN  J.  RYAN 
JAMES  J.  MOLEN 
CLIFFORD  S.  BOSTWICK 
ALEXANDER  BRAUNSTEIN 


FRANK  J.  MARTIN,  Ordinance  Clerk 


THE  UNIVERSITY 


OF  ILLINOIS 
LIBRARY 


MVW 

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REMOTE  s 


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MAY  5  191 


®!)e  Cobe  of  (SDrbtnancesi  of 
Cit|>  of  Jleto  §9orfe 


ADOPTED  JUNE  20,  1916 
APPROVED  JULY  6,  1916 


gte  amended  to  tfje  close  of  the  gear  1917 

WITH 

INDEX,  NOTATIONS  OF  SOURCES  AND  TABLE 
OF  DISPOSITION  OF  GENERAL  ORDINANCES 
REPEALED 


COMPILED  BY 

Committee  on  Codification  of  Ordinance^ 
2&oatd  of  Aldermen 


CLARENCE  Y.  PALITZ,  Chairman 
CHARLES  A.  McMANUS 
WILLIAM  T.  COLLINS 
WILLIAM  C.  ROSENBERG 
JOSEPH  W.  SULLIVAN 


ALEXANDER  BASSETT 
JOHN  J.  RYAN 
JAMES  J.  MOLEN 
CLIFFORD  S.  BOSTWICK 
ALEXANDER  BRAUNSTEIN 


FRANK  J.  MARTIN,  Ordinance  Clerk 


PRINTED  AND  PUBLISHED  BY  AUTHORITY 


OF  A 

RESOLUTION  OF  THE  BOARD  OF  ALDERMEN 

Adopted  June  25,  1918 


P.  J.  SCULLY 

City  Clerk  and  Clerk  of  the  Board  of  Aldermen 
CITY  OF  NEW  YORK 


CODE  OF  ORDINANCES ;  WHEN  TO  BE  PRIMA  FACIE  EVIDENCE; 

JUDICIAL  NOTICE  OF  ORDINANCES 

“A  code  or  other  volume  containing  either  the  ordinances  or  by-laws  of  the  city,  published  by 
authority  of  the  Board  of  Aldermen,  shall  be  prima  facie  evidence  in  all  courts  of  justice  of  the 
authenticity  of  such  ordinances  or  by-laws.”  All  courts  in  the  city  shall  take  judicial  notice  of  city 
ordinances.  (Greater  New  York  Charter,  §  1556.  As  amended  by  Chapter  382,  Laws  of  1917.) 


“An  *  *  *  ordinance  *  *  *  of  the  Common  Council  of  a  City  *  *  *  may  be  read 
in  evidence  either  from  a  copy  certified  by  the  City  Clerk  *  *  *  or  from  a  volume  printed  by 
authority  of  the  Common  Council  of  a  city.”  *  *  *  (Code  of  Civil  Procedure,  §941.) 


DIRECT 


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AN  ORDINANCE 

Constituting  the  Code  of  Ordinances  of  the 
City  of  New  York. 

Be  it  Ordained  by  the  Board  of  Aldermen  of  the  City  of  New  York  as  follows: 
Section  1.  The  following  shall  constitute 

THE  CODE  OF  ORDINANCES  OF  THE  CITY  OF 

NEW  YORK. 


Article  1. 

2. 


Article  1. 

2. 

3. 

4. 

5. 

6. 

7. 

8. 

9. 

10. 

11. 

12. 

13. 

14. 


Article  1. 
2. 
3. 


Chapter  1. 

GENERAL  PROVISIONS. 
Definitions  (p.  9). 

Miscellaneous  regulations  (pp.  10-13). 

Chapter  2. 

ADMINISTRATIVE  PROVISIONS. 
City  debt  and  sinking  funds  (pp.  14-17). 

Contracts  (pp.  17-21). 

Real  estate  (pp.  21-23). 

The  Mayor  (p.  23). 

The  president  of  the  board  of  aldermen  (p.  23). 
The  comptroller  (p.  23). 

The  borough  president  (p.  24). 

The  corporation  counsel  (p.  25). 

City  marshals  (pp.  25-26). 

City  surveyors  (p.  26). 

Public  administrator  (pp.  26-27). 

Public  employment  bureau  (pp.  27-28). 

Taxes  and  assessments  (p.  28). 

Miscellaneous  regulations  (pp.  28-29). 

Chapter  3. 

AMUSEMENTS  AND  EXHIBITIONS. 
General  provisions  (pp.  30-35). 

Motion-picture  exhibitions  (pp.  35-40). 

Common  shows  (pp.  40-4.1). 

Chapter  4. 

BRIDGES. 

General  provisions  (pp.  42-43). 

3 

42J 


Article  1. 


Article  1. 
2. 

3. 

4. 

5. 

6. 

7. 

8. 
9. 

10. 

11. 

12. 

13. 

14. 

15. 

16. 

17. 

18. 

19. 

20. 
21. 
22. 

23. 

24. 

25. 

26. 

27. 

28. 

29. 

30. 

31. 

32. 


Article  1. 


Article  1. 


Article  1. 
2. 

3. 

4. 

5. 

6. 

7. 

8. 


Chapter  5. 

BUILDING  CODE. 

General  provisions  (pp.  44-49). 

Materials  (pp.  50-53). 

Working,  stresses  and  loads  (pp.  53-58). 

Classification  of  buildings  (pp.  58-60). 

Restricted  areas  (pp.  60-66). 

Height,  size  and  arrangement  (p.  66). 

Light  and  ventilation  (pp.  67-69). 

Exit  facilities  (pp.  69-74). 

Projections  beyond  building  line  (pp.  74-76). 

Safeguards  during  construction  or  demolition  (pp.  77-79). 
Partition  fences  and  walls  (pp.  79-80). 

Excavations  and  foundations  (pp.  80-85).' 

Masonry  construction  (pp.  85-91). 

Wood  construction  (pp.  91-92). 

Iron  and  steel  construction  (pp.  92-96). 

Reinforced  concrete  construction  (pp.  96-99). 

Fireproof  construction  (pp.  99-104). 

Safeguards  against  the  spread  of  fire  (pp.  105-109). 

Chimneys  and  heating  apparatus  (pp.  109-115). 

Roofing  and  roof  structures  (pp.  116-118). 

Miscellaneous  requirements  (pp.  118-119). 

Frame  buildings  (pp.  119-122). 

Buildings  of  a  public  character  (p.  122). 

Motion-picture  theatres  (pp.  122-125). 

Theatres  and  other  places  of  amusement  (pp.  126-134). 
Miscellaneous  structures  (p.  134). 

Elevators  (pp.  134-136). 

Fire  extinguishing  appliances  (pp.  136-137). 

Plumbing  and  other  systems  of  piping  (pp.  137-139). 

Altering,  changing  or  demolishing  buildings  (p.  139). 

Unsafe  buildings  and  collapsed  structures  (pp.  139-143). 
Enforcement  of  chapter  (pp.  143-148). 

Chapter  6. 

CHARITIES. 

Inmates  of  public  institutions  (pp.  149-150). 

Chapter  7. 

CORRECTIONS. 

Inmates  of  correctional  institutions  (pp.  151-153). 

Chapter  8. 

DOCKS,  FERRIES  AND  HARBOR  CONTROL. 

General  provisions  (p.  154). 

Apportionment  of  wharf  property  (pp.  154-156). 

Buildings  and  structures  on  waterfront  property  (pp.  157-159). 
Maintenance  of  wharf  property  (pp.  159-161). 

Discharge  and  storage  of  cargoes  (pp.  161-162). 

Wharfage  rates  (pp.  162-164). 

Ferries  (p.  164). 

Protection  of  navigation  (p.  165). 


4 


Chapter  9. 

ELECTRICAL  CONTROL. 


Article  1. 
2. 

3. 

4. 

5. 

6. 
7. 


Article  1. 
2. 

3. 

4. 

5. 

6. 

7. 

8. 
9. 

10. 

11. 

12. 

13. 

14. 

15. 

16. 

17. 

18. 

19. 

20. 
21. 
22. 

23. 

24. 

25. 

26. 


Article  1. 


General  provisions  (pp.  166-169). 

Generators,  motors,  switchboards  (pp.  169-175). 

Outside  work  (pp.  175-177). 

Inside  work  (pp.  178-203). 

Fittings,  materials  and  details  of  construction  (pp.  203-228). 
Miscellaneous  (pp.  228-2^1). 

Violations  (p.  231). 


Chapter  10. 

EXPLOSIVES  AND  HAZARDO-US  TRADES. 

Regulations  of  the  Municipal  Explosives  Commission. 

General  provisions  (pp.  232-237). 

Certificates  and  permits  (pp.  237-238). 

Bonds  and  fees  (pp.  239-244). 

Manufacture,  storage,  sale,  transportation  and  use  of  explosives  (pp. 
245-252). 

Ammunition  (p.  253). 

Fireworks  (pp.  254-257). 

Matches  (pp.  257-258). 

Mineral  oils  (pp.  258-262). 

Inflammable  mixtures  (pp.  263-266). 

Combustible  mixtures  (p.  266). 

Garages  (pp.  266-269). 

Motor  vehicle  repair  shops  (p.  270). 

Dry  cleaning  and  dry  dyeing  establishments  (pp.  270-272). 

Motorcycle  repair  shops  and  storage  places  (pp.  272-273). 

Paints,  varnishes  and  lacquers  (pp.  273-274). 

Calcium  carbide  (p.  274). 

Gases  under  pressure  (pp.  275-279). 

Refrigerating  plants  (pp.  280-281). 

Nitro-cellulose  (pp.  281-283). 

Inflammable  motion  picture  films  (pp.  283-284). 

Distilled  liquors  and  alcohols  (pp.  284-285). 

Oils  and  fats  (p.  285). 

Technical  establishments  (pp.  285-286). 

Wholesale  drug  stores  and  drug  and  chemical  houses  (pp.  286-291). 
Retail  drug  stores  (pp.  291-294). 

Miscellaneous  (p.  294). 

Chapter  11. 

FIREARMS. 

General  provisions  (pp.  295-297). 

# 

Chapter  12. 

FIRES  AND  FIRE  PREVENTION. 

Fire  extinction  (pp.  298-300). 

Fire  prevention  (pp.  300-305). 

5 


Article  1. 
2. 


Article  1. 


Chapter  13. 
HOSPITALS. 
General  provisions  (p.  306). 


Chapter  14. 
LICENSES. 


Article  1.  General  provisions  (pp.  307-309). 

2.  Billiard  and  pool  tables  (p.  309). 

3.  Bowling  alleys  (pp.  309-310).* 

4.  Dealers  in  second-hand  articles  (pp.  310-312). 

5.  Dirt  carts  (pp.  312-313). 

6.  Express  and  expressmen  (p.  313). 

7.  Exterior  hoists  (p.  314). 

8.  Hacks,  cabs  and  taxicabs  (pp.  314-323). 

9.  Junk  dealers  (pp.  323-325). 

9a.  Pawnbrokers  (pp.  325-326). 

10.  Peddlers,  hawkers  and  venders  (pp.  326-327). 

11.  Public  carts  and  cartment  (pp.  327-329). 

12.  Public  porters  (pp.  329-330). 

13.  Shooting  galleries  (p.  330). 

14.  Street  musicians  (pp.  330-331). 

15.  Massage  institutes  and  operators  (pp.  331-332). 


Chapter  15. 

MARKETS. 

Article  1.  General  provisions  (pp.  333-334). 

2.  Location  and  designation  of  public  markets  (pp.  334-336). 

3.  Farmers  and  market  gardeners  (pp.  336-337). 

Chapter  16. 

MUNICIPAL  CIVIL  SERVICE. 

Article  1.  General  provisions  (pp.  338-339). 

2.  Special  provisions  (p.  339). 

Chapter  17. 

PARKS,  PARKWAYS  AND  PARK-STREETS. 

(j Regulations  of  the  Park  Board.) 

Article  1.  General  provisions  (pp.  340-343). 

2.  Traffic  rgulations  (pp.  343-346). 

3.  Building  and  other  projections  (p.  347). 

4.  Miscellaneous  (pp.  348-350). 

Chapter  18. 

POLICE. 

Article  1.  Boiler  inspection  (p.  351). 

2.  Uniformed  force  (p.  351). 

Chapter  19. 

RAILROADS. 

Article  1.  Elevated  railroads  (p.  352). 

2.  Street  railroads  (pp.  352-353). 

3.  Trunk  line  railroads  (pp.  353-354). 


6 


Article  1. 
2. 

3. 

4. 

5. 

6. 

7. 

8. 
9. 

10. 

11. 

12. 

13. 

14. 

15. 

16. 

17. 

18. 


Article  1. 
2. 
3. 


Article  1. 
2. 
3. 


Article  1. 
2. 

3. 

4. 

5. 

6. 

7. 

8. 
9. 

10. 

11. 

12. 

13. 

14. 

15. 

16. 

17. 

18. 


Chapter  20. 

SANITARY  CODE. 

Definitions  (pp.  355-357). 

Animals  (pp.  357-361). 

Births,  marriages  and  deaths  (pp.  361-365). 

Buildings  (pp.  365-367). 

Cold  storage  (pp.  367-368). 

Medical  examiners  (pp.  368-369). 

Diseases  (pp.  369-373). 

Drugs  and  medicines  (pp.  374-378). 

Food  and  drink  (pp.  378-389). 

General  provisions  (pp.  389-390). 

Midwifery  and  care  of  children  (p.  391). 

Miscellaneous  provisions  (pp.  392-394). 

Offensive  materials  (pp.  394-400). 

Plumbing,  drainage,  ventilation  and  sewage  (pp.  400-403) 
Passenger  cars  (pp.  403-404). 

Street  conditions  (p.  405). 

Trades,  occupations  and  business  (pp.  405-410). 

Vessels  and  seamen  (pp.  410-413). 

Chapter  21. 

SEWERS  AND  DRAINS. 

General  provisions  (p.  414). 

Construction  (pp.  414-416). 

Maintenance  (p.  416). 

Chapter  22. 

STREET  CLEANING. 

General  provisions  (p.  417). 

Refuse  and  rubbish  (pp.  417-419). 

Snow  and  ice  (pp.  419-421). 

Chapter  23. 

STREETS. 

General  provisions  (pp.  422-423). 

Advertisments,  placards  and  posters  (p.  424). 

Assemblies  (pp.  424-425). 

Auctions  and  other  sales  (p.  425). 

Awnings  (pp.  425-426). 

Boundaries  and  monuments  (pp.  426-427). 

Construction  and  repair  (pp.  427-429). 

Disturbance  of  surface  (p.  429). 

Excavations  (pp.  429-433). 

House  numbering  (p.  433). 

Lights  (p.  434). 

Noises  (pp.  434-436). 

Obstructions  and  incumbrances  (pp.  436-444). 

Projections  and  encroachments  (pp.  444-445). 

Sidewalks  (pp.  446-448). 

Signs  and  show  bills  (pp.  448-452). 

Vaults  (pp.  453-454). 

Miscellaneous  (p.  445). 


7 


Article 


Article 


Article 


INDEX 


Chapter  24. 

TRAFFIC  REGULATIONS. 

1.  General  provisions  (p.  456). 

2.  Rules  of  the  road  (pp.  456-463). 

3.  Miscellaneous  regulations  (pp.  463-467). 

Chapter  25. 

WATER  SUPPLY. 

1.  Construction  and  maintenance  (pp.  468-469). 

2.  Rents  and  charges  (pp.  469-471). 

3.  Use  of  water  (pp.  472-473). 

Chapter  26. 

WEIGHTS  AND  MEASURES. 

1.  Bureau  of  weights  and  measures  (p.  474). 

2.  Regulation  of  weights  and  measures  (pp.  475-477) 

3.  Standards  of  various  commodities  (pp.  477-480). 

Chapter  27. 
MISCELLANEOUS. 

(pp.  491-485). 

Chapter  28. 

REPEAL. 

(p.  486). 


AND  TABLE  OF  DISPOSITION  OF  GENERAL  ORDINANCES 
REPEALED. 

(p.  487).  ? 


8 


CHAPTER  1. 

GENERAL  PROVISIONS. 

Article  1.  Definitions. 

2.  Miscellaneous  regulations. 

ARTICLE  1. 

Definitions. 

Section  1.  Definitions. 

§1.  Definitions. 

Unless  otherwise  expressly  stated,  whenever  used  in  this  ordinance,  the  following 
terms  shall  respectively  be  deemed  to  mean : 

1.  Alderman,  a  member  of  the  board  of  aldermen; 

2.  Board  of  estimate,  the  board  of  estimate  and  apportionment; 

3.  Bureau,  board,  office,  commission,  department  or  commissioner,  the  bureau, 
board,  office,  commission,  department  or  commissioner  to  which  or  to  whom  the 
section,  article  or  chapter,  in  which  the  term  is  used,  relates ; 

4.  Charter,  the  Greater  New  York  Charter; 

5.  City,  the  city  of  New  York  as  constituted  by  the  charter; 

6.  Code  of  ordinances,  the  code  of  ordinances  of  the  city; 

7.  County,  a  county  wholly  included  within  the  city; 

8.  Day,  a  calendar  day  exclusive  of  Sundays  and  full  legal  holidays; 

9.  Department,  includes  each  bureau  and  division  of  the  department; 

10.  Employee,  any  person  whose  salary  or  compensation  is  paid  out  of  the  city 
treasury,  other  than  an  officer  designated  as  such  by  ordinance  or  statute; 

11.  Local  improvement,  an  improvement  the  expense  of  which  is  assessed,  in 
whole  or  in  part,  upon  the  property  deemed  benefited ; 

12.  Park,  includes  parkway; 

13.  Person,  a  natural  person,  corporation,  company,  association,  joint-stock 
association,  firm  and  co-partnership ; 

14.  Port  of  New  York,  the  public  waters  embraced  within,  adjacent  to  or  opposite 
the  shores  of  the  city  and  over  which  the  state  of  New  York  has  jurisdiction; 

15.  Public  property,  any  property,  property  rights  and  interests  owned  by  the  city 
as  well  as  all  “  streets,”  “  parks,”  “  water  front  property,”  and  public  places  and  waters 
within  or  belonging  to  the  city; 

16.  Real  property,  any  lands,  lands  under  water,  water  front  property,  the  water 
of  any  lake,  pond  or  stream ;  all  easements  and  hereditaments,  corporeal  or  incorporeal 
and  every  estate,  interest  and  right,  legal  and  equitable,  in  lands  or  water,  and  any 
right,  interest,  privilege,  easement  and  franchise  relating  to  the  same,  including  terms 
for  years  and  liens  by  way  of  judgment,  mortgage  or  otherwise; 

17.  Sewer,  a  sewer,  drainage  canal,  drain  and  sewage  disposal  work; 

18.  Street,  any  street,  avenue,  road,  alley,  lane,  highway,  boulevard,  concourse, 
driveway,  culvert,  sidewalk  and  crosswalk,  every  class  of  public  road,  square  and 
place,  except  marginal  wharf ; 

19.  Street  purposes,  the  purposes  of  a  street,  park,  bridge  or  tunnel  or  approach 
to  either,  except  marginal  wharf ; 

20.  Vessel,  a  lighter,  tender  or  other  boat  or  ship,  whatever  its  means  of 
propulsion ; 

21.  Water  front  property,  any  wharf,  marginal  wharf,  pier,  dock,  ferry  terminal, 
bulkhead,  slip  or  basin,  and  all  structures  thereon,  and  the  land  under  water  beneath 


9 


CHAP.  1,  ART.  2,  SEC.  2. 


the  same,  and  lands  under  water  below  high-water  mark,  and  all  easements,  appur¬ 
tenant  thereto,  and  upland  and  made  land  adjacent  to  such  wharf,  pier,  dock,  bulkhead, 
slip,  basin  and  lands  under  water,  jurisdiction  over  which  is  possessed  by  or  may  be 
assigned  to  the  department  of  docks  and  ferries  by  the  sinking  fund  commission, 
together  with  the  easements,  uses,  reversions  and  appurtenances  belonging  to  the 
same;  excepting  therefrom  such  upland  or  made-land  as  constitutes  a  street,  the 
driveway  authorized  by  chapter  102,  of  the  laws  of  1893,  and  acts  amending  the  same, 
and  such  lands  as  have  been  or  shall  be  acquired  for  public  parks ; 

22.  Water  rents ,  the  expense  of  meters,  with  their  installation,  connections,  setting 
and  maintenance,  and  all  rents,  rates  and  other  charges  for  water  supply,  and  all 
fines  and  penalties  imposed  for  violations  of  laws  or  ordinances  relating  to  water 
supply ; 

23.  Water  supply  purposes ,  the  purposes  of  maintaining,  preserving  and  increasing 
the  city’s  water  supply  and  preventing  its  contamination  or  pollution. 


Section  2. 


3. 

4. 

5. 

6. 

7. 

8. 
9. 

10. 

11. 


♦ARTICLE  2. 

Miscellaneous  Regulations. 

City  seal. 

Official  city  flag. 

Mayor’s  flag. 

Flags  and  decorations  on  city  hall. 

Publication  of  general  ordinances. 

Designation  of  acting  head  of  a  department. 
Office  hours. 

Meetings  of  boards. 

Municipal  reference  library  to  have  reports,  etc. 
Sales  of  waste  material. 


§2.  City  Seal. 

a.  Description.  The  corporate  seal  of  The  City  of  New  York,  as  adopted  by  the 
common  council  on  July  24,  1686,  with  the  alteration  adopted  by  the  common  council 
on  March  16,  1784,  is  hereby  re-established,  and  the  following  device  is  hereby  adopted 
as  the  device  of  said  seal,  to  wit: 

Arms:  Upon  a  shield,  saltire  wise,  the  sails  of  a  windmill.  Between  the  sails,  in 
chief  a  beaver,  in  base  a  beaver,  and  on  each  flank  a  flour  barrel ; 

Supporters:  Dexter,  a  sailor,  his  right  arm  bent,  and  holding  in  his  right  hand  a 
plummet;  his  left  arm  bent,  his  left  hand  resting  on  the  top  of  the  shield;  above  his 
right  shoulder  a  cross-staff.  Sinister,  an  Indian  of  Manhattan,  his  right  arm  bent, 
his  right  hand  resting  on  the  top  of  the  shield,  his  left  hand  holding  the  upper  end  of 
a  bow,  the  lower  end  of  which  rests  on  the  ground.  Shield  and  supporters  resting 
upon  a  horizontal  laurel  branch ; 

Date:  Beneath  the  horizontal  laurel  branch  the  date  1664,  being  the  year  of  the 
capture  of  New  Amsterdam  by  the  English  and  the  first  use  of  the  name  of  the  City 
of  New  York; 

Crest:  Upon  a  hemisphere,  an  American  eagle  with  wings  displayed; 

Legend:  Upon  a  ribbon  encircling  the  lower  half  of  the  design  the  words 
"  Sigillum  Civitatis  Novi  Eboraci,J  ; 

The  whole  encircled  by  a  laurel  wreath. 


♦  As  amended  by  ord.  approved  May  1,  1915. 


10 


GENERAL  PROVISIONS. 


b.  Design.  The  following  design  is  hereby  adopted  as  the  official  and  standard 
design  of  such  corporate  seal: 


c.  Execution  and  custody  of.  The  city  clerk  shall  cause  to  be  executed  and  cast 
in  bronze  a  model  of  the  foregoing  design  as  the  standard  corporate  seal  of  the  city 
and  shall  keep  the  same  in  his  custody.  The  city  clerk  shall  also  cause  the  said  design 
to  be  engraved  in  accurate  conformity  therewith  upon  metal  as  the  seal  of  the  city 
and  shall  keep  and  affix  the  same,  as  provided  in  §31  of  the  charter;  and  he  shall  also 
provide  in  the  same  manner  for  all  other  officers  of  the  city  who  are  required  or 
authorized  by  law  to  have  or  use  the  corporate  seal  of  the  city. 

d.  Date  of  effect  and  use  of.  On  and  after  June  24,  1915,  the  said  seal  shall  be 
used  for  all  requisite  purposes  and  all  representations  of  the  seal  of  the  city  impressed 
or  printed  on  and  after  said  date  on  documents,  publications  or  stationery,  issued  or 
used  by  or  in  the  name  or  under  the  authority  of  the  city  or  of  any  borough  or  depart¬ 
ment  thereof,  or  carved,  or  otherwise  represented  on  buildings  or  structures  owned 
by  the  city;  or  otherwise  officially  portrayed  shall  be  in  exact  conformity  with  the 


11 


CHAP.  1,  ART.  2,  SECS.  3-6. 

aforesaid  standard  design  without  alteration  or  addition,  except  that  the  legend 
" Sigillum  Civitatis  Novi  Eboraci”  may  be  omitted  when  the  design  is  used  on  the 
city  flag  or  for  architectural  or  ornamental  purposes.  The  seals  now  in  use  by  the 
city  clerk  and  by  any  other  city  officers  shall  be  defaced  and  cancelled  on  said  date 
by  the  city  clerk  and  shall  remain  in  his  custody.  (Ord.,  May  1,  1915.) 

§3.  Official  city  flag. 

The  following  design  is  hereby  adopted  as  the  design  of  the  official  flag  of  the 
city  and  as  a  substitute  for  the  flag  now  in  use,  to  wit: 

A  flag  combining  the  colors,  orange,  white  and  blue,  arranged  in  perpendicular  bars 
of  equal  dimensions  (the  blue  being  nearest  to  the  flagstaff)  with  the  standard  de¬ 
sign  of  the  seal  of  the  city  in  blue  upon  the  middle,  or  white  bar,  omitting  the  legend 
“ Sigillum  Civitatis  Novi  Eboraci ”  which  said  colors  shall  be  the  same  as  those  of 
the  flag  of  the  United  Netherlands  in  use  in  the  year  1626.  (Ord.,  May  1,  1915.) 

And  the  American  flag  shall  be  displayed  on  all  city-owned  or  other  buildings 
occupied  by  any  city  department  or  institution  of  whatever  character  on  all  days 
of  the  year,  excepting  Sundays.  (Amended  by  ord.  effective  Feb.  27,  1917.) 

§4.  Mayor’s  flag. 

The  official  flag  of  the  mayor  shall  be  the  same  in  design  as  the  official  flag  of 
the  city,  except  that  upon  the  middle  or  white  bar  there  shall  be  above  the  design  of 
the  seal  in  a  semi-circle,  5  blue  five-pointed  stars,  typifying  the  5  boroughs  of  the 
city;  the  dimensions  of  such  flag  shall  be  33  inches  by  44  inches.  (Ord.,  May  1,  1915.) 

§5.  Flags  and  decorations  on  city  hall. 

All  power  and  authority  to  display  flags  or  other  decorations  on,  in  or  about  the 
city  hall,  or  other  public  buildings  within  the  City  Hall  park,  is  hereby  vested  in  the 
mayor,  unless  otherwise  ordered  by  the  board  of  aldermen,  by  a  vote  of  the  majority 
of  all  the  members  elected  to  the  board.  (Ord.,  May  1,  1915.) 

§6.  Publication  of  general  ordinances. 

1.  Proposed  ordinances.  The  clerk  of  the  board  of  aldermen  shall  have  printed, 
within  4  days  after  the  introduction  thereof,  200  copies  of  each  proposed  ordinance 
which  adds  to.  amends,  alters  or  repeals  any  provision  of  the  code  of  ordinances,  except 
that,  if  an  ordinance  be  of  such  a  nature  that  demand  for  copies  may  be  in  excess  of 
200  the  clerk  may,  by  requisition  on  the  supervisor  of  the  City  Record,  apply  for  more 
copies  than  herein  provided.  All  ordinances  amending  or  repealing  any  existing  law 
or  ordinance  shall,  when  printed,  contain  in  brackets  the  parts  repealed,  and  all  new 
matter  shall  be  printed  in  italics.  Each  ordinance,  printed  in  accordance  with  the 
provisions  of  this  subdivision  shall  bear  the  name  of  the  introducer  and  its  introductory 
number,  and  a  brief  statement  of  the  disposition  made  thereof  upon  its  introduction. 
A  copy  of  each  ordinance,  printed  in  accordance  with  the  provisions  hereof,  shall  be 
delivered  or  mailed  by  the  city  clerk  to  the  head  of  every  department  in  the  city. 
The  remaining  copies  shall  be  retained  by  him  for  distribution,  within  his  discretion, 
to  persons  desiring  the  same;  provided,  however,  that  he  shall  always  retain  at  least 
50  copies  until  such  time  as  the  ordinance  shall  have  taken  effect,  or  the  term  of  the 
members  of  the  board,  during  which  it  was  introduced,  shall  have  expired. 

2.  Adopted  and  approved  ordinances.  The  clerk  of  the  board  of  aldermen 
shall  cause  300  copies  of  each  general  ordinance  to  be  published  in  separate  leaflet 
form,  consecutively  numbered  and  paged  in  the  form  and  style  of  the  Session  Laws 
of  the  State  of  New  York,  within  10  days  after  its  approval  by  the  mayor,  or  upon 
its  taking  effect  without  his  approval  or  disapproval,  or  after  reconsideration  and 
readoption  by  the  board  of  aldermen  subsequent  to  his  disapproval  thereof,  as  pro¬ 
vided  by  §40  of  the  charter,  as  amended  and  supplemented,  except  that,  if  an  ordi- 


12 


GENERAL  PROVISIONS. 


nance  shall  be  of  such  a  nature  that  demand  for  copies  may  be  in  excess  of  300 
the  clerk  may,  by  requisition  on  the  Supervisor  of  the  City  Record,  apply  for  more 
copies  than  herein  provided.  (Amended  by  ord.  effective  Sept.  18,  1917.) 

§7.  Designation  of  acting  head  of  a  department. 

The  mayor  is  authorized  to  designate  some  senior  officer  in  any  department 
or  bureau  to  serve  as  the  acting  commissioner  or  chief  oif  the  department  or  bureau, 
when  the  commissioner  or  chief  thereof  is  absent  from  the  city,  or  sick,  for  more  than 
10  consecutive  days ;  provided  such  commissioner  or  chief  of  department  or  bureau  is 
not  authorized  by  law  to  designate  any  subordinate  to  act  in  his  place,  or,  if  so 
authorized,  has  failed  to  make  such  designation.  The  mayor  may  authorize  any  act¬ 
ing  commissioner  or  chief  of  bureau  to  make  appointments  or  removals  during  the 
term  of  his  designation,  which  shall  not  exceed  30  days  and  may  be  revoked  at  any 
time  by  the  mayor.  Where  a  bond  is  required  by  law  from  the  commissioner  or  chief 
of  bureau,  a  similar  bond  shall  be  given  by  the  acting  commissioner  or  chief  of  bureau, 
designated  pursuant  to  the  authority  conferred  by  this  section.  (Ord.  effective 
Nov.  19.  1913.) 

§8.  Office  hours. 

Except  as  herein  otherwise  provided,  the  office  hours  for  all  public  offices  of  the 
city,  and  of  all  county  offices  within  the  city,  unless  otherwise  fixed  by  law,  shall 
be  from  9  o’clock  a.  m.  to  5  o’clock  p.  m. ;  provided,  however,  that  the  head  of  a 
city  office  or  department,  or  a  county  officer  who  comes  within  the  foregoing  pro¬ 
visions  of  this  section,  may  adopt  a  rule  that  his  office  shall  be  closed  to  the  public 
at  4  p.  m.,  when  in  his  judgment  the  period  between  the  hours  of  4  p.  m.  and  5  p.  m.  is 
required  for  the  performance  of  the  work  of  his  office.  During  the  months  of  July 
and  August  the  office  hours  of  such  offices  shall  be,  if  the  head  of  the  office  or  de¬ 
partment  in  his  discretion  so  orders,  from  9  o’clock  a.  m.  to  4  o’clock  p.  m.  The 
foregoing  provisions  shall  be  subject  to  the  qualification  that  on  Saturdays  the  office 
hours  of  any  such  office  shall  be  from  9  o’clock  a.  m.  to  12  o’clock  noon.  (Ord.  ap¬ 
proved  Feb.  15,  1915.) 

§9.  Meetings  of  boards. 

All  meetings  of  boards  or  commissions,  constituting  departments  of  the  govern¬ 
ment  of  the  city,  shall  be  held  openly,  and  shall  in  all  cases  be  accessible  to  the  public. 
They  shall  be  held  at  such  times  and  places  as  the  board  or  commission  may  deter¬ 
mine,  and  due  notice  thereof  shall  be  published  in  the  City  Record.  (C.  O.,  §488.) 

§10.  Municipal  reference  library,  to  have  official  reports,  etc. 

The  head  of  each  department,  bureau,  board,  commission  or  office  of  the  city 
shall  transmit  to  the  municipal  reference  branch  of  the  New  York  Public  Library,  in 
the  municipal  building  in  the  borough  of  Manhattan,  4  copies  of  each  annual  or  quar¬ 
terly  report  or  other  publication  of  such  department,  bureau,  board,  commission  or 
office,  immediately  after  the  same  shall  have  been  issued.  (Ord.  effective  Dec.  22, 
1914.) 

§11.  Sales  of  waste  material. 

All  old  and  waste  material,  under  the  care  of  any  department,  shall  be  sold  from 
time  to  time  as  may  be  deemed  best  for  the  public  interest,  in  accordance  with  law. 
Any  such  sale  shall  be  conducted  under  the  immediate  supervision  of  the  head  of  the 
bureau  having  charge  of  the  material  to  be  sold  and  the  proceeds  thereof  shall  be 
collected  by  him  and  transmitted,  within  24  hours,  to  the  head  of  the  department  for 
deposit  in  the  city  treasury,  except  as  otherwise  specially  provided  by  law  or  ordi¬ 
nance.  (C.  O.  §490.) 


13 


Article  1. 
2. 

3. 

4. 

5. 

6. 

7. 

8. 
9. 
10. 
11. 
12. 

13. 

14. 


CHAPTER  2. 

ADMINISTRATIVE  PROVISIONS. 

City  debt  and  sinking  funds. 

Contracts. 

Real  estate. 

The  mayor. 

The  president  of  the  board  of  aldermen. 

The  comptroller. 

The  borough  presidents. 

Corporation  counsel. 

City  marshals. 

City  surveyors. 

Public  administrator. 

Public  employment  bureau. 

Taxes  and  assessments. 

Miscellaneous  regulations. 


ARTICLE  1. 


Section  1. 

2. 

3. 

4. 

5. 

6. 

7. 

8. 

9. 


City  Debt  and  Sinking  Funds. 

Definitions ;  saving  clause. 

Assessment  bonds. 

Board  of  commissioners  of  the  sinking  fund;  quorum. 

Sinking  fund  of  The  City  of  New  York  for  the  redemption  of  the 
city  debt;  sources  of  income. 

Sinking  fund  of  The  City  of  New  York  for  the  payment  of  interest 
Collection  of  income  of  sinking  funds. 

Bonds  and  mortgages  due  the  city;  duties  of  comptroller. 

Investment  of  moneys  of  the  sinking  fund  for  redemption  of  the  city 
debt. 

Record  of  proceedings  of  the  board;  report  to  board  of  aldermen. 


§1.  Definitions;  saving  clause. 

The  term  city  debt  and  city  stock  used  in  this  article  shall  be  construed  to  mean 
any  bonds  or  stocks,  or  notes  issued  in  anticipation  of  the  issue  of  bonds  or  stock, 
created  by  the  former  corporation  of  the  City  of  New  York,  or  by  the  city  as  con¬ 
stituted  by  the  charter.  Nothing  in  this  article  shall  be  so  construed  as  to  impair 
or  affect  any  pledge  heretofore  made,  and  now  existing,  of  any  property  or  its  pro¬ 
ceeds,  embraced  in  any  ordinance  relating  to  the  city  debt.  (C.  O.,  §70,  and  subd.  10, 
§54.) 

§2.  Assessment  bonds. 

The  comptroller  shall  keep  an  account  of  all  assessment  bonds  issued  by  him, 
specifying  the  particular  work  on  account  of  which  the  same  shall  have  been  issued; 
and  all  moneys  collected  on  account  of  any  work  for  the  payment  of  which  said 
bonds  were  issued  shall  be  applied  to  the  payment  of  such  bonds.  (C.  O.,  §524.) 

§3.  Board  of  the  commissioners  of  the  sinking  fund;  quorum. 

Any  four  or  more  of  the  members  of  the  board  of  commissioners  of  the  sinking 
fund,  as  constituted  by  the  charter,  of  whom  the  comptroller  shall  be  one,  shall  be  and 
are  hereby  authorized  to  discharge  the  trusts  and  duties  vested  in  them  by  this  article. 
(C.  O.,  §56). 


14 


ADMINISTRATIVE  PROVISIONS. 


§4.  Sinking  Fund  of  The  City  of  New  York  for  the  redemption  of  the  city 
debt;  sources  of  income. 

All  moneys  heretofore  received  and  hereafter  to  be  received  from  the  following 
sources  are  hereby  pledged  and  appropriated  to  and  shall  constitute  and  form  a  fund 
called  the  sinking  fund  of  The  City  of  New  York  for  the  redemption  of  the  city 
debt,  until  the  whole  of  the  stocks  of  the  city  shall  be  finally  and  fully  redeemed, 
namely : 

1.  For  commutation  of  quit-rents  on  grants; 

2.  For  quit-rents  arising  from  such  grants  as  were  issued  prior  to  the  year  1804; 

3.  The  net  proceeds  of  all  sales  of  real  estate  belonging  to  the  city,  except  when 
the  same  are  made  payable  to  a  fund,  the  purpose  of  which  is  restricted  to  the  pur¬ 
chase  of  other  real  estate,  as  provided  by  the  charter ; 

4.  The  net  proceeds  of  all  bonds  and  mortgages  payable  to  the  city  when  col¬ 
lected,  except  when  the  said  bonds  and  mortgages  are  part  of  the  proceeds  of  the 
sale  of  real  estate  and  the  proceeds  thereof  are  deposited  in  a  fund,  the  purpose  of 
which  is  restricted  to  the  purchase  of  other  real  estate,  as  provided  by  the  charter; 

5.  For  licenses  to  pawnbrokers  and  dealers  in  the  purchase  or  sale  of  second¬ 
hand  furniture,  metals  or  clothes; 

6.  For  public  hack  licenses  and  compensation  paid  on  account  of  street  vaults; 

7.  For  exclusive  occupation  of  private  wharves,  basins  and  piers; 

8.  For  market  fees  and  market  rents; 

9.  All  such  other  sources  of  revenue  or  sums  of  money  as  the  board  of  esti¬ 
mate  and  the  board  of  aldermen  may  appropriate  to  said  fund.  The  revenues  herein 
assigned  for  the  redemption  of  the  city  debt  shall  be  kept  distinct  from  all  other 
revenues  payable  to  the  board  of  commissioners.  (C.  O.,  §§53  and  65.) 

§5.  Sinking  fund  of  The  City  of  New  York  for  the  payment  of  interest. 

All  moneys  hereafter  to  be  received  from  the  following  sources  are  pledged,  appro¬ 
priated  and  are  to  be  applied  to  and  constitute  and  form  a  fund  to  be  called  “The 
sinking  fund  of  The  City  of  New  York  for  the  payment  of  interest  accruing  and  to 
accrue  upon  the  stocks  of  the  City  of  New  York,”  until  the  same  shall  be  fully  and 
finally  redeemed,  namely: 

1.  For  interest  on  all  bonds  and  mortgages  owned  by  the  city,  issued  prior  to 
January  1,  1898; 

2.  For  fees  heretofore  known  as  mayoral  fees  now  collectible  by  the  department 
of  licenses,  except  as  otherwise  provided  by  law; 

3.  For  fines  and  penalties,  except  as  otherwise  provided  by  law; 

4.  For  fees  and  fines  collected  by  clerks  of  the  courts  for  the  city,  except 
as  otherwise  provided  by  law; 

5.  Rents  from  all  sources  not  otherwise  pledged; 

6.  For  the  sale  of  all  property  of  the  city  other  than  real  estate,  except  as  other¬ 
wise  provided  by  law. 

All  moneys  constituting  the  fund  for  the  payment  of  interest  on  the  city  debt, 
whenever  required  to  meet  such  interest,  shall  be  drawn  from  the  treasury  by  a 
warrant  signed  by  the  commissioners  of  the  sinking  fund  or  any  four  of  them,  the 
comptroller  being  one.  (C.  O.,  §§54,  66.) 

§6.  Collection  of  income  of  sinking  funds. 

The  comptroller  shall  superintend  the  collection  of  all  rents,  interest  and  demands 
due  the  sinking  funds,  and  direct  all  necessary  measures  to  complete  the  payment  of 
them  and  report  the  condition  of  same  to  the  board  of  aldermen  quarterly.  ( C.  O., 
§41.) 


15 


CHAP.  2,  ART.  1 ,  SECS.  7,  8. 


§7.  Bonds  and  mortgages  due  the  city;  duties  of  comptroller. 

The  comptroller  is  hereby  authorized,  with  the  sanction  of  the  board  of  com¬ 
missioners  of  the  sinking  fund,  to  assign  any  bond  or  mortgage  held  by  the  board 
to  any  person  or  persons  who  may  elect  to  take  such  assignment,  upon  the  payment 
in  full  of  the  principal  and  interest  due  on  said  bond  and  mortgage ;  and  the  mayor 
and  city  clerk  are  hereby  authorized  and  directed  to  execute,  under  their  hands  and 
the  seal  of  the  city,  any  such  assignment,  upon  evidence  being  exhibited  to  them, 
showing  that  the  principal  and  interest  of  such  bond  and  mortgage  have  been  paid 
into  the  treasury  of  the  city  to  the  credit  of  the  board  of  commissioners  of  the  sinking 
fund.  Upon  the  payment  of  any  bond  and  mortgage  in  full,  the  comptroller  shall 
prepare  and  cause  to  be  executed  a  proper  satisfaction  of  such  bond  and  mortgage; 
which  the  mayor  and  city  clerk  are  hereby  authorized  to  execute,  upon  the  production 
of  evidence  that  the  bond  and  mortgage  has  been  paid,  as  provided  in  the  preceding 
sentence  of  this  section.  But  no  release  of  any  part  of  the  premises  contained  in 
such  mortgage,  from  the  lien  created  by  such  mortgage  thereon,  shall  be  made  or 
executed  by  them.  (C.  O.,  §§43,  44.) 

§8.  Investment  of  moneys  of  the  sinking  fund  for  redemption  of  the  city  debt. 

The  board  shall,  from  time  to  time,  invest  the  moneys  which  shall  constitute  the 
sinking  fund  for  the  redemption  of  the  city  debt,  or  as  much  as  it  can,  in  the 
purchase  of  stocks  created  by  the  city  at  not  exceeding  the  market  price  therefor; 
and  if,  at  any  time,  such  investments  cannot  be  made  to  the  advantage  of  the  city, 
then  the  board  shall  be  authorized  to  invest  the  said  moneys,  or  such  part  thereof 
as  they  may  see  fit,  either  in  the  purchase  of  stock  of  the  state  of  New  York,  or  of 
stock  or  bonds  of  the  United  States,  notwithstanding  such  stock  or  bonds  may  be 
above  the  par  value  thereof.  The  powers  conferred  in  this  section  shall  be  so  con¬ 
strued  as  to  render  it  imperative  on  the  board,  at  all  times  to  give  preference  to 
the  purchase  of  city  stock,  if  the  same  can  be  procured  at  a  reasonable  rate.  Whenever 
the  board  shall  have  invested  any  part  of  the  said  fund  in  the  purchase  of  the  stocks 
of  this  state  or  of  the  United  States,  and  shall  at  any  time  thereafter  be  enabled  to 
purchase  any  of  the  city  stocks,  at  such  prices  as  the  commissioners  may  judge  best 
for  the  public  interest,  they  shall  forthwith  sell  and  dispose  of  said  stocks  of  the 
state  or  of  the  United  States  and  invest  the  net  proceeds  thereof  in  the  city  stock, 
if,  in  their  opinion,  such  disposition  would  be  beneficial  to  the  public  interest.  When¬ 
ever  the  board  shall  have  invested  any  part  of  the  said  fund  in  the  purchase  of  city 
stock,  and  shall  at  any  time  thereafter  be  enabled  to  purchase  any  of  the  city  stock 
which  shall  be  by  its  terms  redeemable  at  an  earlier  day,  the  board  may  forthwith 
sell  the  same  and  invest  the  net  proceeds  in  such  other  city  stock,  if  in  the  opinion 
of  the  commissioners  such  exchange  shall  be  desirable  and  beneficial  to  the  public 
interest.  Whenever  any  of  the  moneys  constituting  the  sinking  fund  for  the  redemp¬ 
tion  of  the  city  debt  shall  be  required  for  any  purchase  or  investment  mentioned  in 
this  section,  or  for  the  redemption  of  any  of  the  city  stocks  at  their  maturity,  the 
amount  of  money  required  shall  be  paid  from  the  treasury  by  warrant,  signed  by 
the  board  or  any  four  of  its  members,  the  comptroller  being  one.  All  stocks  and 
securities  which  shall  be  purchased  by  the  board  shall  be  transferred  to  it,  and  all 
transfers  thereof,  when  disposed  of  pursuant  to  the  provisions  of  this  section,  shall 
be  made  by  the  commissioners  or  any  four  of  them,  of  whom  the  comptroller  shall  be 
one.  The  city  stock  which  shall  be  purchased  by  the  board  shall  not  be  canceled  by  it 
until  the  final  redemption  of  the  same,  and  all  interest  accruing  thereon  shall  regularly 
be  carried  to  the  sinking  fund  for  the  redemption  of  the  city  debt. 

Nothing  in  this  section  shall  be  so  construed  as  to  prevent  the  board  from  tem¬ 
porarily  investing  the  unemployed  moneys  belonging  to  the  sinking  fund  in  the  tem¬ 
porary  bonds  of  the  city.  (C.  O.,  §§58-64,  67.) 

16 


ADMINISTRATIVE  PROVISIONS. 

§9.  Record  of  proceedings  of  the  board;  report  to  board  of  aldermen. 

The  comptroller  shall  keep  a  correct  journal  of  the  proceedings  of  the  board  of 
commissioners  of  the  sinking  fund,  to  be  authenticated  by  the  secretary  of  the  board, 
by  his  signature;  and  once  in  each  year,  or  oftener,  if  required,  the  comptroller  shall 
render  unto  the  board  of  aldermen  a  full  and  detailed  report  of  the  proceedings  of 
the  board.  The  report  shall  specify  the  disbursements,  purchases,  exchanges  and  sales 
made  by  the  board,  the  prices  at  which  and  the  parties  from  whom  such  purchases, 
with  whom  such  exchanges,  and  to  whom  such  sales  shall  have  been  made ,  the 
amounts  and  descriptions  of  the  stocks  of  the  city  purchased  by  the  board;  the 
amounts  and  descriptions  of  the  stocks  of  this  state  and  of  the  United  States  then 
held  by  the  board,  and  the  amounts  paid  for  interest  on  city  stocks.  Such  report 
shall  also  contain  a  detailed  statement  of  the  receipts  and  of  the  unemployed  moneys 
in  the  city  treasury  to  the  credit  of  each  sinking  fund.  (C.  O.,  §§68,  69.) 


ARTICLE  2. 

Contracts. 


Section  60. 

When  requisite. 

61. 

Contracts  of  borough  presidents. 

62. 

Surveys  or  plans. 

63. 

Proposals  for  estimates. 

64. 

Form  of  proposals. 

65. 

Contents  of  estimates;  verification. 

66. 

Opening  estimates. 

67. 

Samples. 

68. 

Payment  in  installments ;  security  required. 

69. 

Payments  on  assessment  work;  security  required. 

70. 

Protection  against  accidents. 

71. 

Snow  removal  contracts,  payment  of  laborers. 

72. 

Enforcement  of  contracts ;  bonds. 

73. 

Payments  on  contracts. 

74. 

Certificate  of  amount  due. 

75. 

Inspection  of  contract  work. 

76. 

Affidavits  of  surveyor  and  inspector. 

77. 

Extra  work. 

78. 

Delayed  payment  of  assessment. 

79. 

Report  as  to  outstanding  contracts. 

§60.  When  requisite. 

All  supplies  to  be  furnished  or  work  to  be  done  for  the  city,  whether  they  are 
to  be  paid  for  out  of  the  city  treasury  or  out  of  trust  moneys  under  the  control  of 
or  to  be  assessed  or  collected  by  the  city,  shall  be  furnished  or  performed  by  contract, 
except  where  otherwise  provided  by  law.  (C.  O.,  §509.) 

§61.  Contracts  of  borough  presidents. 

All  contracts  for  work,  materials  or  supplies,  relating  to  any  of  the  matters  under 
the  cognizance  of  the  respective  borough  presidents,  shall  be  made  by  the  borough 
presidents,  and  bonds,  to  be  approved  as  to  form  by  the  corporation  counsel  and  as 
to  sufficiency  by  the  comptroller,  shall  be  taken  for  the  faithful  performance  thereof ; 
all  such  contracts  shall  be  executed  in  triplicate  by  the  said  borough  presidents,  on 
the  part  of  the  city,  and  by  the  contractor ;  one  original  copy  so  executed  shall  be 
kept  and  filed  in  the  office  of  the  borough  president,  one  shall  be  filed  in  the  office  of 
the  comptroller,  and  the  third  shall  be  given  to  the  contractor.  (C.  O.,  §84.) 


CHAP.  2,  ART.  2 ,  SECS.  62-65. 


§62.  Surveys  or  plans. 

Whenever,  in  the  opinion  of  a  borough  president  or  other  head  of  a  department, 
bureau  or  office  of  the  city,  a  survey  or  plans  shall  be  necessary  for  any  work  duly 
authorized,  or  for  the  purpose  of  reporting  any  necessary  information,  he  shall  cause 
such  survey  or  plans  to  be  made  by  a  competent  surveyor,  architect  or  engineer,  as 
the  nature  of  the  work  may  require.  (C.  O.,  §89;  as  amended  by  ord.  effective  June 
20,  1916.) 

§63.  Proposals  for  estimates. 

The  several  departments  and  officers  empowered  by  law  to  make  contracts  on 
the  part  of  the  city  shall  issue  proposals  for  estimates  therefor,  and  advertise  the 
same,  as  provided  by  law.  There  shall  be  kept  by  each  department  an  appropriate  box, 
to  be  designated  “Estimate  Box,”  with  a  proper  opening  in  the  top  thereof  to  receive 
estimates  for  which  proposals  have  been  issued.  Such  box  shall  be  kept  locked,  except 
when  it  may  be  necessary  to  open  it  to  examine  and  decide  upon  estimates,  and  the 
key  thereof  shall  be  retained  by  the  head  of  the  department.  The  head  of  the  depart¬ 
ment  shall  deposit  in  said  box  all  estimates  duly  presented  to  him,  for  work  to  be  done 
under  the  direction  of  the  department,  immediately  on  the  receipt  thereof  by  him. 
(C.  O.,  §510.) 

§64.  Form  of  proposals. 

All  proposals  for  estimates  shall  be  in  such  form  as  may  be  prescribed  by  the 
department  making  the  same,  and  shall  contain  the  following  particulars : 

1.  They  shall  require  that  the  person  making  the  estimate  shall  deliver  it  in  a 
sealed  envelope,  addressed  to  the  head  of  the  appropriate  department  at  his  office,  or 
at  such  place  as  may  be  designated  in  the  advertisement,  on  or  before  a  day  and  hour 
therein  named,  not  less  than  10  days  from  the  first  publication  thereof ; 

2.  They  shall  state  the  quantity  and  quality  of  supplies,  or  the  nature  and  extent, 
as  near  as  possible,  of  the  work  required; 

3.  They  shall  state  that  the  estimates  received  will  be  publicly  opened  by  the 
head  of  the  department  issuing  the  proposals  at  his  office,  or  at  such  place  as  may  be 
designated  in  the  advertisement,  at  a  day  and  hour  therein  mentioned ; 

4.  They  shall  state  the  amount  in  which  security  is  required  for  the  performance 
of  the  contract ; 

5.  They  shall  state,  briefly,  the  several  matters  required  by  the  next  section  to  be 
contained  in,  or  to  accompany  the  estimates.  (C.  O.,  §511.) 

§65.  Contents  of  estimates;  verification. 

Each  estimate  shall  contain — 

1.  The  name,  residence  and  place  of  business  of  the  person  making  the  same; 

2.  The  names  of  all  persons  interested  with  him  therein,  and  if  no  other  person 
be  so  interested,  it  shall  distinctly  state  that  fact; 

3.  That  it  is  made  without  any  connection  with  any  other  person  making  an 
estimate  for  the  same  purpose,  and  is  in  all  respects  fair,  and  without  collusion  or 
fraud; 

4.  That  no  member  of  the  board  of  aldermen,  head  of  a  department,  chief  of  a 
bureau,  deputy  thereof,  or  clerk  therein,  or  other  officer  or  employee  of  the  city,  is 
directly  or  indirectly  interested  therein,  or  in  the  supplies  or  the  work  to  which  it 
relates,  or  in  any  portion  of  the  profits  thereof. 

The  estimate  shall  be  verified  by  the  oath,  in  writing,  of  the  party  making  it,  that 
the  several  matters  stated  therein  are  in  all  respects  true.  (C.  O.,  §§512,  513.) 


18 


ADMINISTRATIVE  PROVISIONS. 


§66.  Opening  estimates. 

The  sealed  envelope  containing  the  estimate  shall  be  endorsed  with  the  name  or 
names  of  the  person  or  persons  presenting  the  same,  the  date  of  its  presentation, 
and  a  statement  of  the  work  to  which  it  relates,  and  no  estimate  shall  be  taken  from 
the  “Estimate  Box,”  nor  shall  the  sealed  envelope  thereof  be  opened  by  any  one,  except 
at  the  time  and  in  the  manner  herein  designated  for  deciding  on  such  estimates.  At 
the  time  and  place  appointed  for  that  purpose  in  the  proposals,  as  prescribed  in  this 
article,  the  head  of  the  department,  or  the  president  of  the  board  where  the  same 
are  advertised  by  a  board,  or  the  secretary  thereof,  or  other  officer  empowered  to 
make  the  contract,  in  the  presence  of  the  comptroller  or  his  representative,  and  such 
of  the  parties  making  them  as  may  desire  to  be  present,  shall  then  and  there  open 
the  estimate  box,  and  the  estimates  to  be  examined  at  that  time,  as  may  appear  from 
the  endorsements  thereon,  shall  be  taken  from  the  box.  The  head  of  department 
or  other  party  hereinbefore  authorized  shall,  then  and  there,  publicly  open  and 
read  all  estimates  which  he  may  have  received  for  the  contract  mentioned  in  such 
proposals,  and  shall  reject  all  estimates  not  furnished  in  conformity  with  the  law 
and  the  ordinance  relating  thereto.  The  award  of  the  contract  shall  be  made  accord¬ 
ing  to  law.  (C.  O.,  §516;  Ord.  of  Sept.  23,  1913.) 

§67.  Samples. 

When  proposals  are  issued  for  a  contract  to  furnish  any  article  of  which  a 
sample  can  conveniently  be  furnished,  the  head  of  the  department  issuing  the  same 
may  require  that  such  sample  be  delivered  at  his  office,  or  at  the  office  of  the  head 
of  the  appropriate  bureau  in  his  department,  within  such  time  before  the  opening  of 
the  estimates  as  he  may  prescribe;  and,  if  it  be  not  so  furnished,  or  does  not  conform 
to  the  quality  required  by  the  proposals,  the  estimate  delivered  by  the  person  furnishing 
or  omitting  to  furnish  the  same,  as  the  case  may  be,  shall  be  rejected.  (C.  O.,  §517.) 

§68.  Payment  in  installments;  security  required. 

In  all  contracts  for  work  for  the  city  where  provision  is  made  for  the  payment  of 
the  contract  price  by  installments,  the  provision  shall  be  inserted  that  the  contractor 
shall  allow  10  per  cent,  of  the  contract  price  of  the  work  actually  done  to  remain  as 
security,  until  the  whole  work  shall  be  completed  according  to  the  contract.  (C.  O., 
§518.) 

§69.  Payments  on  assessment  work;  security  required. 

Whenever  any  contract  shall  be  made  hereafter  by  any  department  or  officer  of 
the  city,  the  amount  of  which  is  to  be  afterward  collected  by  assessment  from  the 
property  benefited  by  the  work  to  be  done  under  the  contract,  the  head  of  the 
department  or  officer  making  such  contract  shall  cause  to  be  inserted  therein  a 
clause  that,  as  the  work  progresses,  payments  will  be  made  to  the  contractors  by 
monthly  installments  of  85  per  cent,  on  the  estimated  value  of  the  work  actually 
done  under  said  contract,  and  the  officer  making  any  such  contract  shall  forthwith  file 
a  copy  thereof  with  the  comptroller.  (C.  O.,  §521;  ch.  527,  L.  1912.) 

§70.  Protection  against  accidents. 

In  all  contracts  for  the  work  for  the  city  upon  any  public  building  or  in  any 
public  street  or  place,  in  the  performance  of  which  accidents  or  injuries  may  happen 
to  the  person  or  property  of  another,  provisions  shall  be  inserted  that  the  contractor 
shall  place  proper  guards  for  the  prevention  of  accidents ;  that  he  shall  put  up  and 
keep  at  nights  suitable  and  sufficient  lights  during  the  performance  of  the  work,  and 
that  he  will  indemnify  the  city  for  damages  or  costs  to  which  it  may  be  put  by  reason 
of  injury  to  person  or  property  of  another,  resulting  from  negligence  or  carelessness 
in  the  performance  of  the  work.  (C.  O.,  §§519,  215-218.) 


19 


CHAP.  2,  ART.  2,  SECS.  71-72. 


§71.  Snow  removal  contracts;  payment  of  laborers. 

In  all  emergency  work  performed  by  laborers  in  the  removal  of  snow  where  men 
are  engaged  by  the  hour  or  the  day,  either  by  a  contractor  employed  for  the  purpose 
or  by  the  street  cleaning  department  itself,  it  shall  be  stipulated  that  such  work  shall 
be  paid  for  daily,  directly  to  those  individuals  employed  on  it,  in  the  currency  of  the 
United  States,  and  not  by  check  or  ticket.  Such  payments,  in  each  instance,  shall  be 
made  at  the  substations  of  the  street  cleaning  department.  Every  contractor  engaged 
in  the  removal  of  snow  shall  be  required  to  stipulate  with  the  commissioner  of  street 
cleaning,  or  others  empowered  to  enter  into  contracts  for  that  purpose,  as  the  case 
may  be,  to  observe  the  provisions  of  this  section,  a  violation  of  any  of  which  shall 
be  deemed  to  abrogate  any  such  contract.  (C.  O.,  §§418a,  418b.) 

§72.  Enforcement  of  contracts;  bonds. 

Every  contract  for  supplies  or  work  by  the  city  shall  be  executed  by  the  con¬ 
tractor  or  contractors  to  whom  the  same  may  be  awarded,  and  shall  be  accompanied 
by  a  bond  in  the  penalties  mentioned  in  the  proposals  therefor,  executed  by  the 
persons  or  company  consenting  to  become  bound  as  sureties,  or  by  such  other  per¬ 
sons  or  company  as  shall  be  substituted  therefor  with  the  consent  of  the  head  of  the 
department  making  such  contract,  conditioned  for  the  faithful  performance  of  the 
contract  and  every  provision  therein  contained.  The  bond  shall  be  accompanied  by 
the  oath,  in  writing,  of  the  person  signing  the  same,  that  he  is  a  householder  or  free¬ 
holder  in  the  city,  and  by  the  oath  of  the  person,  or  an  officer  of  such  company,  that 
he  or  it  •  is  worth  the  amount  of  the  security  required  for  the  completion  of  the 
contract  and  stated  in  the  proposals,  as  hereinbefore  prescribed.  The  comptroller  shall 
require  such  sureties  to  be  further  examined  before  himself,  or  an  officer  authorized 
to  administer  oaths  deputed  by  him,  in  respect  of  the  items  and  details  of  their  prop¬ 
erty,  before  approving  the  adequacy  and  sufficiency  of  such  sureties.  Each  depart¬ 
ment  of  the  city  government  and  each  officer,  by  whom  any  contract  for  work  to  be 
done  for  the  city  shall  be  made,  shall  require  and  enforce  the  faithful  execution  of 
each  contract  so  made  by  them;  and,  in  case  the  contractor  or  contractors  shall  fail 
in  any  respect  to  perform  the  work  which  he  or  they  have  contracted  to  render  or 
perform,  within  the  time  limited  for  the  performance  of  the  same,  then  the  depart¬ 
ment  or  officer  having  charge  of  such  work  shall  do  and  complete  the  same  in  the 
manner  provided  fo.r  in  the  contract  for  its  performance,  and  the  cost  thereof  shall 
be  a  charge  against  such  delinquent  contractor  or  contractors;  provided,  however, 
that  the  head  of  any  department  or  other  officer  by  whom  any  such  contract  shall 
be  made,  may,  on  good  and  sufficient  cause,  extend  for  a  reasonable  time  the  period 
fixed  for  the  completion  thereof.  (C.  O.,  §520.) 

§73.  Payments  on  contracts. 

No  payments  shall  be  made  by  the  comptroller  for  work  done  or  supplies  furnished, 
except  upon  proper  vouchers  rendered  by  the  head  of  the  appropriate  department, 
or  the  officer,  board  or  commission  for  whom  such  work  was  done  or  supplies  fur¬ 
nished  ;  provided  that,  in  the  case  of  a  payroll  for  labor  performed  under  the  super¬ 
vision  of  the  borough  presidents,  the  comptroller  may  draw  a  warrant  for  the  total 
amount  of  such  pay-roll  in  favor  of  the  chamberlain,  who  shall  make  the  payments 
therein  specified.  Such  vouchers  shall  be  made  out  in  duplicate,  and  shall  contain  the 
certificate  of  such  subordinate  officers  as  the  head  of  the  department  may  require,  in 
such  form  and  purport  as  he  shall  prescribe,  and  also  a  certificate  of  the  head  of  the 
department.  One  of  the  duplicate  vouchers  shall  be  retained  in  the  department  or 
office  by  which  the  vouchers  are  rendered,  and  the  other  shall  be  transmitted  to  the 
department  of  finance  for  payment.  No  payment  shall  be  made  upon  any  contract 
beyond  the  amount  thereof.  (C.  O.,  §§39,  523,  86,  87.) 


20 


ADMINISTRATIVE  PROVISIONS. 


§74.  Certificate  of  amount  due. 

Whenever  any  payment  shall  become  due  upon  any  contract,  according  to  the 
provisions  thereof  or  in  accordance  with  any  of  the  provisions  of  this  ordinance,  the 
head  of  the  department  or  officer  having  the  work  in  charge  shall  furnish  to  the 
person  or  persons  entitled  to  such  payments  a  certificate,  in  writing,  specifying  the 
contract  upon  which  the  payment  is  due  and  the  amount  due  thereon.  The  comptroller, 
on  the  presentation  to  him  of  such  certificate,  shall  pay  the  amount  thereof  and  en¬ 
dorse  such  payment  upon  the  contract  upon  which  such  payment  was  made,  but  final 
payment  on  any  contract  shall  not  be  made  until  the  head  of  department  or  officer 
having  charge  of  the  work  under  the  contract  shall  furnish  a  certificate,  signed  by 
him  and  filed  in  the  office  of  the  comptroller,  that  the  work  mentioned  in  the  con¬ 
tract  has  been  completed  according  to  the  terms  thereof  and  to  the  satisfaction  of 
the  head  of  department  or  officer  giving  the  certificate.  (C.  O.,  §§522,  523.) 

§75.  Inspection  of  contract  work. 

Each  borough  president  shall  appoint  a  competent  inspector  of  contract  work 
under  the  jurisdiction  of  his  department,  in  all  cases  where  he  may  deem  the  public 
service  requires  such  inspector.  Whenever  an  assessment  shall  be  levied  for  any 
improvement,  the  amount  paid  for  inspection  of  any  contract  work  connected  there¬ 
with  shall  be  assessed  and  collected  with  the  other  expenses  of  the  improvement,  except 
where  the  inspector’s  wages  are  legally  chargeable  to  the  contractor.  (C.  O.,  §91.) 

§76.  Affidavits  of  surveyor  and  inspector. 

Each  and  every  contractor  shall  be  required  to  obtain  an  affidavit  from  the  sur¬ 
veyor,  setting  forth  the  amount  of  work  done,  of  every  description,  that  may  be 
charged  in  each  bill  or  assessment  list  of  said  contract,  and  said  affidavit  shall  be 
attached  to  the  assessment  list.  The  inspector  shall  also  furnish  an  affidavit,  to  be 
attached  to  each  contract,  setting  forth  that  the  work  has  been  done  according  to  the 
plans  and  specifications ;  said  affidavit  to  be  attached  to  each  assessment  list  before 
presented  for  confirmation.  (C.  O'.,  §525.) 


§77.  Extra  work. 

(Repealed  by  ord.  effective  July  7,  1916.) 

§78.  Delayed  payment  of  assessment. 

In  all  cases  of  delinquency  in  the  payment  of  any  assessment  for  work  done  under 
a  contract  made  by  any  contractor  with  the  city,  respecting  any  street  or  road  or 
respecting  the  building  of  wharves,  piers,  slips  and  sewers,  on  the  final  settlement 
with  every  such  contractor,  there  shall  be  allowed  and  paid  to  him  all  interest  which 
shall  have  been  collected  on  his  account  or  contract,  first  deducting  the  collector’s 
commission.  (C.  O.,  §526.) 

§79.  Report  as  to  outstanding  contracts. 

The  comptroller  shall  report  to  the  board  of  aldermen,  within  30  days  after  its 
organization  in  each  year,  a  statement  of  all  contracts  made  by  the  city,  or  directed 
or  authorized  by  the  board  and  not  performed,  or  completed  or  upon  which  any 
moneys  remain  unpaid ;  with  the  amount  of  money  remaining  unpaid  on  each  such 
contract.  (C.  O.,  §25.) 

ARTICLE  3. 

Real  Estate. 


Section  100. 
101. 
102. 

103. 

104. 

105. 


City  real  estate  to  be  supervised  by  the  comptroller. 
Deeds,  leases,  etc.,  to  the  city;  comptroller  is  custodian. 
Leases  or  other  conveyances  by  the  city. 

Assignment  of  leases  and  subletting  by  city. 

Execution  of  deeds  by  city. 

Quit-rents. 


21 


CHAP.  2 ,  ART.  2 ,  SECS.  100-105. 

§100.  City  real  estate  to  be  supervised  by  the  comptroller. 

The  comptroller  shall  superintend  all  real  'estate  of  the  city  and  report  to  the 
board  of  aldermen  all  encroachments  thereon.  He  shall  direct  and  superintend  the 
collection  of  all  rents  or  other  moneys  due  the  city.  (C.  O.,  §§21,  24.) 

§101.  Deeds,  leases,  etc.,  to  the  city;  comptroller  is  custodian. 

The  comptroller  shall  keep  on  file  in  his  office  all  title  deeds,  leases,  bonds,  mort¬ 
gages  or  other  assurances  of  title,  except  such  as  are  directed  by  law  or  ordinance 
to  be  deposited  elsewhere.  He  shall  cause  all  grants,  leases  and  counterparts  of  leases, 
and  all  deeds  executed  by  the  city,  to  be  recorded  in  proper  books  to  be  kept  in  his 
office.  (C.  0.,  §§22,  23.) 

§102.  Leases  or  other  conveyances  by  the  city. 

Whenever  any  real  estate  belonging  to  the  city  is  unproductive,  or  the  term  for 
which  it  may  have  been  leased  or  let  shall  have  expired  or  be  about  expiring,  the 
head  of  the  department,  bureau,  board  or  office  having  jurisdiction  over  such  real 
estate  shall  forthwith  turn  over  the  same  to  the  board  of  sinking  fund  commissioners 
and  advise  the  comptroller  thereof.  The  comptroller  shall  report  to  the  board 
whether  or  not,  in  his  judgment,  it  will  be  to  the  public  interest  to  lease  or  otherwise 
dispose  of  such  property.  The  comptroller,  under  the  sanction  of  the  board,  shall 
appoint  appraisers  upon  behalf  of  the  city  to  settle  the  rent  or  renewal  of  any  lease, 
or  the  value  of  the  building,  to  be  paid  for  on  the  expiration  of  any  lease  in  which 
the  city  is  or  shall  be  interested,  whenever  by  the  provisions  of  such  lease  the  appoint¬ 
ment  of  appraisers  is  required.  All  leases  authorized  by  the  board  shall  be  executed 
by  the  mayor  and  the  city  clerk,  under  their  hands  and  the  seal  of  the  city.  (C.  O., 
§§46,  42;  as  amended  by  ord.  effective  June  20,  1916.) 

§103.  Assignment  of  leases  and  subletting  by  city. 

The  comptroller  may  consent,  in  the  name  and  on  behalf  of  the  city,  that  the 
lessee  or  assignee  of  a  lease  made  by  the  city  shall  assign  the  same  or  underlet  the 
demised  premises,  whether  or  not  provision  is  made  by  the  lease  that  it  shall  not  be 
assigned  or  the  premises  underlet  without  the  consent  of  the  city;  but  he  shall  not  so 
consent  unless  all  arrears  of  rents  upon  the  premises  be  paid  in  full.  (C.  O.,  §28.) 

§104.  Execution  of  deeds  by  city. 

Whenever  any  real  estate  shall  have  been  sold  pursuant  to  the  preceding  sections 
of  this  article,  the  board  of  commissioners  of  the  sinking  fund,  or  a  majority  of  them, 
shall  give  a  certificate,  under  their  hands,  that  the  same  has  been  sold  pursuant  to 
the  provisions  of  this  article,  and  upon  the  production  of  such  certificate  and  the 
evidence  that  the  proceeds  of  such  sale  have  been  paid  into  the  treasury  to  the  credit 
of  the  sinking  fund  for  the  redemption  of  the  city  debt,  or  such  other  appropriate 
fund  as  provided  by  the  charter,  the  mayor  and  the  city  clerk  shall  execute  proper 
conveyances  of  such  real  estate  under  their  hands  and  the  seal  of  the  city.  Whenever 
any  real  estate  of  the  city  shall  have  been  sold  pursuant  to  any  provision  of  the  char¬ 
ter  or  any  ordinance,  the  mayor  and  the  city  clerk  shall  execute  proper  conveyances 
of  such  real  estate,  under  their  hands  and  the  seal  of  the  city.  (C.  O.,  §76.) 

§105.  Quit-rents. 

The  comptroller  shall  preserve  in  a  book  to  be  kept  in  his  office  for  that  purpose, 
to  be  called  the  record  of  quit-rents,  maps  of  all  grants  of  land  heretofore  made  by 
the  former  Corporation  of  The  City  of  New  York,  on  which  quit-rents  are  payable, 
showing  the  original  grants  and  subdivisions  of  the  same  as  near  as  they  can  be  ascer¬ 
tained.  He  may  receive  the  sums  proportionately  due  from  each  owner  in  payment 
of  the  portion  of  the  moneys  payable  under  the  original  grant,  as  the  same  shall  from 
time  to  time  become  payable.  He  shall,  on  receiving  written  notice  from  the  grantee 

22 


ADMINISTRATIVE  PROVISIONS. 


of  the  said  former  corporation,  or  his  assignee,  of  the  sale  of  any  portion  of  land 
subject  to  quit-rent,  enter  in  the  record  o'f  quit-rents  the  name  of  the  purchaser,  with 
the  date  of  the  sale  and  the  portion  of  the  land  sold.  He  may  thereafter  receive  the 
sum  proportionately  due  from  such  purchaser,  in  payment  of  his  portion  of  the 
moneys  payable  under  the  original  grant,  as  the  same  shall,  from  time  to  time  become 
payable,  and  he  may  receive  from  the  owner  of  the  lot  or  parcel  mentioned  in  the 
notice,  or  his  legal  representative,  the  sum  proportionately  due  from  him  in  payment 
of  his  proportion  of  the  moneys  payable  under  the  original  grant.  When  land-  here¬ 
tofore  granted  by  the  said  former  corporation  subject  to  a  quit-rent,  portions  of  which 
have  been  assigned  by  the  grantee,  shall  be  re-entered  by  the  city  for  non-payment  of 
the  quit-rent,  the  comptroller  may  grant  releases  in  severalty  to  such  of  the  assignees 
of  portions  of  the  land  granted  as  shall,  within  6  months  from  the  re-entry,  pay  their 
respective  apportionments  of  commutation  money  and  the  expenses  of  re-entry  and 
conveyance,  with  such  portions  of  the  rent  as  may  be  justly  due  from  the  respective 
assignees  for  the  land  held  by  them,  as  the  same  shall  be  apportioned  by  the  comp¬ 
troller.  Whenever  any  person  shall  desire  to  commute  any  quit-rent  due  the  city,  the 
comptroller  shall  calculate  such  commutation  at  the  rate  of  6  per  cent,  and,  upon  the 
production  of  evidence  that  the  same  and  all  arrears  of  rent  have  been  paid  into 
the  treasury  of  the  city,  to  the  credit  of  the  board  of  commissioners  of  the  sinking 
fund,  the  mayor  and  city  clerk  shall  execute  a  release  of  such  quit-rent.  (C.  O., 
§§30,  31,  33-35,  45.) 

ARTICLE  4. 

The  Mayor. 

Section  130.  Apprehension  of  criminals. 

§130.  Apprehension  of  criminals. 

The  mayor  may,  whenever  he  shall  deem  it  necessary,  issue  his  proclamation  for 
the  apprehension  of  any  person  who  may  have  committed  a  crime  within  the  city, 
and  may,  in  such  proclamation,  offer  a  reward  not  exceeding  $500,  to  be  paid  out  of 
the  city  treasury  upon  the  certificate  of  the  mayor  that  the  service  required  has  been 
performed.  (C.  O.,  §1.) 

ARTICLE  5. 

The  President  of  the  Board  of  Aldermen. 

Section  150. 

ARTICLE  6. 

The  Comptroller. 

Section  170.  Custodian  of  evidences  of  debt,  contracts,  bonds  and  stock  certifi¬ 
cates. 

171.  Collection  of  rents  and  other  debts. 

§170.  Custodian  of  evidences  of  debt,  contracts,  bonds  and  stock  certificates. 

The  comptroller  shall  keep  and  file  in  his  office  all  evidence  of  debt,  contracts, 
bonds  of  indemnity,  official  bonds,  and  all  certificates  of  stock  belonging  to  the  sink¬ 
ing  funds,  except  such  as  are  directed  by  law  or  ordinance  to  be  deposited  elsewhere. 
(C.  O.,  §22.) 

§171.  Collection  of  rents  and  other  debts. 

The  comptroller  shall  direct  legal  proceedings  to  be  taken  when  necessary  to  en¬ 
force  payment  of  rents  or  other  debts  due  to  the  corporation,  or  to  obtain  possession 
of  premises  to  which  the  corporation  is  entitled.  (C.  O.,  §42.) 

23 


CHAP.  2,  ART.  7,  SECS.  200-204. 


ARTICLE  7. 


The  Borough  Presidents. 


Section  200. 
201. 
202. 

203. 

204. 


Expenditures  for  borough. 

Incumbrances  and  contingencies ;  accounts  for. 
Receipts  to  be  recorded  and  accounted  for. 
Permits. 

Reports  to  the  board  of  aldermen. 


§200.  Expenditures  for  borough. 

Each  borough  president  shall  control  and  direct  all  expenditures  to  be  made  by 
his  department,  and  shall  countersign  and  draw  his  requisition  upon  the  comptroller 
for  the  payment  of  all  bills  and  accounts  therefor  which,  in  his  judgment,  are  correct 
and  which  may  be  duly  certified  by  the  chief  of  the  bureau,  division  or  office  under 
whose  supervision  the  expenditure  was  incurred.  No  requisition  •  shall  be  drawn  by 
any  borough  president  for  the  payment  of  any  bill  or  account  until  the  same  shall 
have  been  duly  certified  as  aforesaid,  except  that  bills  and  accounts  for  expenditures 
for  the  removal  of  incumbrances,  or  for  the  other  expenditures  authorized  by  ordinance 
but  not  under  the  immediate  supervision  of  any  department,  shall  be  certified  by  the 
borough  president.  (C.  O.,  §90.) 


§201.  Incumbrances  and  contingencies;  accounts  for. 

Each  borough  president  shall  keep  separate  accounts  with  the  two  appropriations, 
one  for  the  removal  of  incumbrances,  and  the  other  for  the  contingencies  of  his  de¬ 
partment,  and  drafts  thereon  shall  be  made  upon  the  comptroller,  who  shall  charge 
each  appropriation  with  the  respective  drafts  and  draw  his  warrant  in  each  case 
in  favor  of  the  borough  president  for  the  amount  thereof.  (C.  O.,  §95.) 


§202.  Receipts  to  be  recorded  and  accounted  for. 

Each  borough  president  shall  cause  to  be  entered  in  books  to  be  provided  for  that 
purpose  and  kept  in  his  office,  open  at  all  convenient  times  to  public  inspection,  the 
names  of  all  persons  from  whom  he  may  receive  money  for  the  city,  on  trust  account 
or  otherwise ;  with  the,  amounts  received,  on  what  account,  and  when  paid.  He  shall 
render  a  certified  account  thereof,  under  oath,  item  by  item,  to  the  comptroller,  on 
Thursday  of  each  week,  and  shall  thereupon  pay  over  the  amount  so  received  to  the 
chamberlain,  from  whom  he  shall  receive  duplicate  vouchers  for  the  payment,  one  of 
which  he  shall,  on  the  same  day,  file  in  the  office  of  the  comptroller.  (C.  O.,  §93.) 


§203.  Permits. 

In  all  cases  where  provision  is  made  by  law  or  ordinance  that  the  consent  of  a 
borough  president  shall  be  obtained  to  authorize  any  act  to  be  done,  he  may  grant  a 
permit  therefor,  subject  to  the  restrictions  of  all  statutes  and  ordinances  in  relation 
thereto,  and,  upon  granting  any  such  permit,  he  may  exact  such  cash  deposit  or  bond, 
or  both,  as  he  may  deem  necessary  to  safeguard  the  interests  of  the  city.  (C.  O.,  §92; 
amended  by  ord.  approved  Feb.  9,  1915.) 

§204.  Report  to  board  of  aldermen. 

The  respective  borough  presidents  shall,  when  required  by  the  board  of  aldermen, 
inquire  into  and  report  upon  any  of  the  matters  within  their  cognizance,  and  shall, 
from  time  to  time,  communicate  to  the  board  any  information  or  suggestion  that  they 
may  deem  important  in  relation  thereto.  (C.  O.,  §88.) 


24 


ADMINISTRATIVE  PROVISIONS. 


ARTICLE  8. 

The  Corporation  Counsel. 

Section  220.  Register  of  actions. 

221.  Legislative  bills,  ordinances. 

222.  Books  and  papers  to  be  delivered  to  his  successor. 

§220.  Register  of  actions. 

The  corporation  counsel  shall  keep  in  proper  books,  to  be  provided  for  that  pur¬ 
pose,  a  register  of  all  actions  prosecuted  or  defended  by  him,  and  all  proceedings  had 
therein.  (C.  O.,  §12.) 

§221.  Legislative  bills,  ordinances. 

The  corporation  counsel  shall  prepare  the  draft  of  any  bill  to  be  presented  by  the 
city  to  the  legislature  for  enactment,  with  a  proper  memorial  for  the  passage  thereof, 
and  shall  draw  such  ordinances  as  may  be  required  by  the  board  of  aldermen  or  any 
committee  thereof.  (C.  O.,  §§88,  9.) 

§222.  Books  and  papers  to  be  delivered  to  his  successor. 

Upon  his  resignation  or  removal,  the  corporation  counsel  shall  forthwith  deliver 
to  his  successor  in  office  all  deeds,  leases,  contracts,  and  other  papers  in  his  hands 
belonging  to  the  city,  and  all  papers  in  actions  prosecuted  or  defended  by  him,  with 
the  register  thereof  and  of  the  proceedings  therein,  and  a  written  consent  to  the  sub¬ 
stitution  of  his  successor  in  each  pending  action.  (C.  O.,  §13.) 

ARTICLE  9. 

City  Marshals. 

Section  230.  City  marshals;  badges. 

231.  Impersonating  marshals;  unauthorized  signs. 

232.  Violations. 

§230.  City  marshals;  badges. 

The  mayor  is  hereby  authorized  to  prescribe  the  style,  form  and  size  of  a  badge 
to  be  known  and  designated  as  the  city  marshal’s  official  badge,  a  description  of  which 
he  shall  file  in  the  office  of  the  city  clerk.  Each  city  marshal  shall  provide  himself  at 
his  own  expense,  with  one  of  such  badges,  and  shall  wear  the  same  at  all  times  while 
engaged  in  the  discharge  of  his  duties.  At  all  times,  every  city  marshal  shall  display 
his  badge,  upon  demand.  Upon  cessation  from  duty  as  or  upon  the  expiration  of  the 
term  of  a  city  marshal,  he  shall  forthwith  surrender  his  official  badge  to  the  city 
clerk  who  is  hereby  authorized  to  refund  the  sum  originally  charged  therefor.  (C.  O., 
§§567-569;  amended  by  ord.  effective  May  25,  1915.) 

§231.  Impersonating  marshals;  unauthorized  signs. 

No  person,  not  a  marshal  of  the  city,  shall  hold  himself  out  to  the  public  as  being 
a  marshal,  or  as  being  in  any  way  authorized  to  act  as  a  marshal  or  to  perform  the 
duties  of  a  marshal.  No  person,  not  a  marshal,  shall  exhibit  any  sign  with  the  words 
“  marshal’s  bureau  ”  thereon,  or  any  other  words  or  terms  whereby  the  public  may  be 
led  to  believe  that  he  is  a  city  marshal  or  authorized  to  act  as  such,  or  that  his  office  is 
the  office  of  a  city  marshal.  No  city  marshal  shall  knowingly  permit  any  person,  not  a 
city  marshal,  to  perform  any  act  in  his  name,  or  to  sign  or  use  his  name  in  the 
performance  of  any  act  which  can  be  performed  only  by  a  city  marshal  in  person. 
(Charter,  §1430.) 


25 


CHAP.  2,  ARTS.  10,  11,  SECS.  240-250. 


§232.  Violations. 

Any  person  violating  any  of  the  provisions  of  this  article  shall  be  punishable  by 
imprisonment  for  a  term  not  exceeding  30  days  or  by  a  fine  not  exceeding  $200,  for 
each  offense.  (Charter,  §1430.) 

♦ARTICLE  10. 

City  Surveyors. 

Section  240.  Board  of  examiners. 

241.  Appointment  of  surveyors. 

§240.  Board  of  examiners. 

1.  Organization.  There  is  hereby  constituted  a  board  to  be  known  as  the  exam¬ 
ining  board  of  city  surveyors,  which  shall  consist  of  the  chief  engineer  of  the  board 
of  estimate,  ex-officio,  of  2  engineers  appointed  by  the  board  of  aldermen  from 
the  consulting  or  topographical  engineers  in  the  regular  employ  of  the  city  and  of 
2  city  surveyors,  who  shall  be  appointed  by  the  board  of  aldermen.  The  terms  of 
office  of  the  first  examiners  so  appointed,  except  the  chief  engineer  of  the  board  of 
estimate,  shall  be  1,  2,  3,  and  4  years,  respectively,  as  designated  by  the  board  of 
aldermen,  and  until  their  successors  are  appointed;  and  as  their  terms  respectively 
expire  their  successors  shall  be  appointed  for  a  full  term  of  4  years,  which  shall 
thereafter  be  the  full  and  regular  term  of  office  of  said  examiners. 

2.  Powers  and  duties.  The  examining  board  of  city  surveyors  shall  have  the 
power  and  it  shall  be  their  duty : 

(a)  To  meet  at  stated  intervals,  and  specially  when  the  board  of  aldermen  shall 
in  writing  request  them  so  to  do; 

( b .)  To  examine  all  persons  who  may  desire  to  be  appointed  surveyors  of  the 
city  by  tests,  which  will  determine  their  competency  and  fitness,  and  who  shall  present 
a  receipt  from  the  city  clerk  showing  that  the  examining  fee,  as  hereinafter  provided, 
has  been  paid; 

(c.)  To  certify  to  the  board  of  aldermen,  within  10  days  after  an  examination 
has  been  held  a  list  in  the  order  of  standing  of  all  those  applicants  who  have  qualified 
in  such  examination. 

3.  Examination  fee.  No  person  shall  be  examined  as  hereinbefore  provided  until 
an  examining  fee  of  $5  shall  have  been  paid  to  the  city  clerk,  who  is  hereby  author¬ 
ized  and  directed  to  receive  the  same  and  to  issue  a  receipt  therefor,  and  the  fee  so 
collected  shall  be  paid  by  the  city  clerk  into  the  treasury  of  the  city. 

§241.  Appointment  of  surveyors. 

There  shall  be  so  many  surveyors  for  the  city  as  the  board  of  aldermen  shall 
from  time  to  time  appoint ;  but  hereafter  no  appointment  shall  be  made  except  from  a 
list  certified  to  the  board  of  aldermen  by  the  examining  board  of  city  surveyors,  as 
hereinbefore  provided.  Each  city  surveyor,  before  entering  upon  the  duties  of  his 
office,  shall  take  an  oath  well  and  truly  to  perform  the  same. 

ARTICLE  11. 

Public  Administrator. 

Section  250.  Reports. 

251.  Bank  accounts,  supervision  of  comptroller. 

252.  Distribution  of  decedents’  assets. 

§250.  Reports. 

The  public  administrator  of  the  county  of  New  York  shall,  on  the  20th  day 
of  December,  in  each  year,  report  to  the  board  of  aldermen  the  titles  of  all  actions 


•Revised  by  ord.  effective  May  15,  1915. 

26 


ADMINISTRATIVE  PROVISIONS. 


prosecuted  by  or  against  him,  and  then  pending  and  undetermined,  with  such  other 
information  in  respect  thereto  as  he  may  deem  necessary  or  proper.  He  shall  report  to 
the  comptroller  on  the  first  Thursday  of  each  month,  and  oftener  if  required,  the 
amount  of  moneys  received  by  him  since  his  last  return  on  account  of  any  estate 
upon  which  he  shall  have  administered.  He  shall,  at  the  same  time,  report  to  the 
board  of  alderman  a  transcript  of  such  of  his  accounts  as  have  been  closed  or  finally 
settled,  and  of  those  on  which  any  money  has  been  received  by  him  as  part  of  the 
proceeds  of  any  estate  on  which  he  has  administered;  he  shall  deposit  all  moneys  by 
him  collected  and  received,  as  required  by  law,  in  such  bank  as  the  corporation  counsel 
shall  select  from  the  designated  depositories  of  the  city’s  moneys.  (C.  O.,  §§15-17.) 

§251.  Bank  accounts,  supervision  of  comptroller. 

The  public  administrator  of  the  county  of  New  York,  shall,  whenever  required, 
exhibit  to  the  comptroller  the  bank  showing  his  deposits,  and  all  other  vouchers 
and  documents  relating  to  his  office.  The  comptroller,  before  signing  any  check  for 
money  deposited,  shall  examine  the  bank  book  showing  the  deposits,  and  the  vouchers 
on  which  the  check  is  required  to  be  drawn,  and  shall  satisfy  himself  fully  as  to  the 
correctness  thereof  and,  in  case  of  doubt  or  difficulty,  he  shall  report  the  case  to  the 
board  of  aldermen  for  its  direction.  (C.  O.,  §§18,  19.) 

§252.  Distribution  of  decedent’s  assets. 

The  comptroller  may  distribute  and  pay  any  balance  of  an  intestate’s  estate  re¬ 
maining  in  the  city  treasury  to  the  persons  legally  entitled  thereto,  whenever  he  and 
the  public  administrator  of  the  county  of  New  York  shall  be  satisfied  that  the  person 
claiming  the  same  is  legally  entitled  thereto ;  but,  if  they  be  not  satisfied  thereof,  they 
shall  report  the  case  to  the  board  of  aldermen  for  its  direction.  (C.  O.,  §20.) 

ARTICLE  12. 

Public  Employment  Bureau. 

Section  260.  Organization  and  purpose. 

261.  Records. 

262.  Co-operation  with  kindred  agencies. 

§260.  Organization  and  purpose. 

There  shall  be  a  public  employment  bureau  in  and  for  the  city,  attached  to  the 
department  of  licenses,  with  the  principal  office  in  the  borough  of  Manhattan,  and  a 
branch  office  in  such  other  boroughs  as  may  be  deemed  necessary  and  designated  by 
the  commissioner  of  licenses,  for  the  purpose  of  aiding  unemployed  persons  in  secur¬ 
ing  employment  and  employers  of  labor  in  securing  employees;  but  no  fee  shall  be 
charged  by  the  bureau,  or  any  officer  or  employee  thereof,  for  such  purpose.  The 
employees  of  the  bureau  shall  consist  of  such  assistants  and  clerks  as  may  be  found 
necessary  for  properly  carrying  on  its  work,  and  they  shall  be  appointed  and  removed 
by  the  commissioner  of  licenses  in  accordance  with  the  rules  and  regulations  of  the 
municipal  civil  service  commission.  (Ord.  approved  May  5,  1914.) 

§261.  Records. 

There  shall  be  kept  in  the  principal  office  of  the  bureau,  and  in  each  and  every 
branch  office  thereof,  such  system  of  records  as  may  be  necessary  properly  to  record 
and  classify,  according  to  trade  or  profession,  (1)  all  applicants  for  positions;  (2)  all 
positions  to  be  filled  as  reported  to  said  bureau;  (3)  all  persons  sent  to  those  seeking 
employees;  (4)  all  such  persons  who  secure  employment,  and  (5)  such  other  records 
as  the  commissioner  may  deem  necessary.  A  report  of  the  transactions  of  each  branch 
office  shall  be  transmitted  daily  to  the  principal  office  of  the  bureau.  (Ord.  approved 
May  5,  1914.) 


27 


CHAP.  2 ,  ARTS.  13,  14,  SECS.  265-270. 


§262.  Co-operation  with  kindred  agencies. 

The  bureau  shall,  in  so  far  as  it  may  be  feasible,  co-operate  with  such  employment 
bureaus  or  intelligence  offices  as  now  exist,  or  which  may  hereafter  be  established  and 
conducted  by  the  United  States  or  the  State  of  New  York.  (Ord.  approved  May  5, 
1914.) 

ARTICLE  13. 

Taxes  and  Assessments. 

Section  265.  Fees  for  searches. 

266.  Apportionment  of  taxes. 

§265.  Fees  for  searches. 

The  following  fees  shall  be  paid  to  and  collected  by  the  collector  of  assessments 
and  arrears,  for  the  benefit  of  the  city  treasury,  on  his  furnishing  a  bill  of  arrears 
or  making  searches  upon  a  requisition  for  searches,  on  each  lot  or  piece  of  property 
mentioned  or  referred  to  therein,  namely: 

a.  In  respect  of  water  rents,  50  cents. 

b.  In  respect  of  taxes,  50  cents ; 

c.  In  respect  of  assessments,  50  cents ; 

d.  For  his  certificate  upon  any  such  bill  or  search,  when  requested,  10  cents. 
(C.  O.,  §77.) 

§266.  Apportionment  of  taxes. 

When  several  lots  or  parcels  of  land  belonging  to  different  persons  are  assessed 
for  taxes  in  one  parcel,  the  comptroller  may  make  the  proper  apportionment  of  the  tax 
among  the  different  owners.  (C.  O.,  §29.) 

ARTICLE  14. 

Miscellaneous  Regulations. 

Section  270.  Bonds  of  city  officers. 

§270.  Bonds  of  city  officers. 

Before  entering  upon  the  duties  of  his  office: 

1.  The  comptroller  shall  give  a  bond  to  the  city,  conditioned  upon  the  faithful 
performance  of  the  duties  of  his  office,  in  the  penal  sum  of  $200,000,  with  a  surety 
company  or  2  or  more  sufficient  sureties  to  justify  in  double  the  amount  under 
oath  before  a  judge  of  the  supreme  court,  on  notice  to  the  corporation  counsel, 
whereupon  the  same  shall  be  immediately  filed  with  the  city  clerk  by  the  comptroller; 
(C.  O.,  §477.) 

2.  The  chamberlain  shall  give  a  bond  to  the  people  of  the  State  of  New  York  in 
the  sum  of  $300,000,  within  10  days  after  receiving  notice  of  his  appointment,  with 
not  less  than  4  sufficient  sureties,  to  be  approved  by  the  comptroller,  conditioned 
that  he  will  faithfully  discharge  the  duties  of  his  office  and  all  trusts  imposed  on 
him  by  law;  (Charter,  §194.) 

3.  Each  of  the  following  officers  or  employees  shall  execute  a  bond  to  the  city, 
conditioned  for  the  faithful  performance  of  the  duties  of  his  office,  with  one  or 
more  sureties,  to  be  approved  by  the  comptroller,  except  in  the  cases  of  the  receiver 
of  taxes  and  the  collector  of  assessments,  whose  bonds  shall  be  approved  by  the 
chamberlain,  in  the  penal  sum  as  follows : 

Each  deputy  comptroller  .  $10,000  00  (C.  O.,  §478) 

Receiver  of  taxes  .  25,000  00  (Charter,  §152) 

Collector  of  assessments  and  arrears .  25,000  00  (Charter,  §152) 


28 


ADMINISTRATIVE  PROVISIONS. 


Collector  of  city  revenue  and  superintendent  of 

markets  . . . 

Each  deputy  collector  of  city  revenue . 

Clerk  to  the  collector  of  city  revenue  and  superin¬ 
tendent  of  markets  . 

City  clerk  . 

City  clerk’s  cashier  . 

Deputy  city  clerk,  borough  of  The  Bronx . 

borough  of  Brooklyn . 

borough  of  Queens . 

borough  of  Richmond . 

Commissioner  of  weights  and  measures  . 

Chief  clerk,  bureau  of  weights  and  measures  . 

Corporation  counsel  . 

Fire  commissioner  (as  treasurer  of  fire  department) 
Police  commissioner  (as  trustee  of  police  pension 

fund)  . 

Supervisor  of  the  City  Record . 

Deputy  supervisor  of  the  City  Record . 

Each  commissioner  of  public  works . 

Water  register  . 

(Amended  by  ord.  effective  Sept.  18,  1917.) 


15,000 

00 

(C. 

O.,  §845) 

2,000 

00 

(C. 

O.,  §486) 

5,000 

00 

(C. 

O.,  §487) 

20,000 

00 

(Ord.,  Jan.  15, 

1915) 

3,000 

00 

(Ord.,  Jan.  15, 

1915) 

1,000 

00 

(Ord.,  Jan.  15, 

1915) 

5,000 

00 

(Ord.,  Jan.  15, 

1915) 

1,000 

00 

(Ord.,  Jan.  15, 

1915) 

1,000 

00 

(Ord.,  Jan.  15, 

1915) 

2,000 

00 

(C. 

O.,  §382) 

1,000 

00 

5,000 

00 

(C. 

O.,  §480) 

20,000 

00 

(Charter,  §723) 

100,000 

00 

(Charter,  §351) 

5,000 

00 

(C. 

O.,  §481) 

5,000 

00 

(C. 

O.,  §481) 

10,000 

00 

(C. 

O.,  §482) 

15,000 

00 

(C. 

O.,  §483) 

25 


Article  1. 
2. 
3. 


Section  1. 

2. 

3. 

4. 

5. 

6. 
6a. 

7. 

8. 
9. 

10. 

11. 

12. 

13. 


CHAPTER  3. 

AMUSEMENTS  AND  EXHIBITIONS. 

General  provisions. 

Motion-picture  exhibitions. 

Common  shows. 

ARTICLE  1. 

General  Provisions. 

Exhibitions  and  performances  to  be  licensed. 

Issue  of  licenses,  fee. 

Commutation  of  license  fee. 

Revocation  of  license. 

Unlicensed  performances  and  exhibitions. 

Preceding  sections  not  applicable  to  certain  performances. 
Charity  entertainments. 

Exits,  to  be  numbered  and  indicated  on  programmes. 
Protection  against  fire  or  panic. 

Obstruction  of  aisles  and  passageways. 

Sunday  observance. 

Sale  of  liquors ;  female  waiters. 

Ticket  speculators. 

Violations. 


§1.  Exhibitions  and  performances  to  be  licensed. 

No  person  shall  exhibit  to  the  public  in  any  building,  garden  or  grounds,  concert 
room  or  other  place  or  room  within  the  city,  any  interlude,  tragedy,  comedy,  opera, 
ballet,  play,  farce,  minstrelsy  or  dancing,  or  any  other  entertainment  of  the  stage, 
or  any  part  or  parts  thereof  or  any  equestrian,  circus  or  dramatic  performance,  or  any 
performance  of  jugglers,  or  rope  dancing,  or  acrobats,  until  a  license  for  the  place  of 
such  exhibition  for  such  purpose  shall  have  been  first  had  and  obtained,  as  herein¬ 
after  provided.  (Charter,  §1472.) 

§2.  Issue  of  licenses,  fee. 

The  commissioner  of  licenses  is  hereby  authorized  and  empowered  to  grant  and 
issue  the  license  referred  to  in  the  preceding  section,  to  continue  in  force  until  the 
first  day  of  May  next  ensuing  the  grant  thereof,  on  receiving  for  each  license  so 
granted,  and  before  the  issuing  thereof,  the  sum  of  $500;  provided  that  in  the  borough 
of  Richmond  such  license  fee  shall  be  $100.  Such  licenses  shall  be  uniform  and  may, 
in  the  discretion  of  the  commissioner,  contain  provisions  and  conditions  which,  in  his 
judgment,  may  be  essential  for  the  welfare  and  benefit  of  the  people  of  and  visitors 
to  the  city,  including  provisions  and  conditions  respecting  the  tickets  or  other  tokens 
entitling  their  holders  to  admission  to  such  places,  and  respecting  the  hours  of  opening 
and  closing  thereof.  (Charter,  §1473.) 

§3.  Commutation  of  license  fee. 

The  commissioner  of  licenses  is  hereby  authorized  to  grant  licenses  for  exhibitions 
or  performances,  as  provided  in  §§1  and  2  of  this  article,  for  any  term  less  than'  1 
year,  and,  in  any  case  where  such  license  is  for  a  term  of  3  months,  or  less,  he  is 
hereby  authorized  to  commute  the  fee  therefor  for  a  sum  less  than  $500,  but  in  no 
case  less  than  $250,  for  a  theatre,  or  $150  for  a  circus,  concert-room  or  other  building 
or  place  whatsoever;  provided  that  in  the  borough  of  Richmond  such  commutation  of 
license  fee  shall  be  $50.  (Ord.  of  Feb.  14,  1911.) 


30 


AMUSEMENTS  AND  EXHIBITIONS. 


§4.  Revocation  of  license. 

Any  license  provided  for  by  the  preceding  sections  may  be  revoked  and  annulled 
by  any  judge  or  justice  of  a  court  of  record,  upon  proof  of  a  violation  of  any  provi¬ 
sion  of  this  article.  The  proof  shall  be  taken  before  such  judge  or  justice  upon  notice, 
of  not  less  than  2  days,  to  show  cause  why  such  license  should  not  be  revoked.  He 
shall  hear  the  proofs  and  allegations  in  the  case  and  determine  the  same  summarily, 
and  no  appeal  shall  be  taken  from  his  determination.  Any  person  whose  license  shall 
have  been  revoked  or  annulled  shall  not  thereafter  be  entitled  to  a  license  under  any 
provisions  of  this  chapter.  On  any  examination,  pursuant  to  a  notice  to  show  cause 
as  aforesaid,  the  licensee  may  be  a  witness  in  his  own  behalf.  (Charter,  §1476.) 

§5.  Unlicensed  performances  and  exhibitions. 

In  case  any  person  shall  open  or  advertise  to  open  any  theatre,  circus  or  building, 
garden  or  ground,  concert  room  or  other  place,  for  any  exhibition  or  performance  re¬ 
ferred  to  in  §1  of  this  article  without  first  having  obtained  a  license  therefor,  as 
provided  for  by  §§2  or  3  of  this  article,  the  corporation  counsel  may  apply  to  the 
supreme  court,  or  any  justice  thereof,  for  an  injunction  to  restrain  the  opening 
thereof  until  its  proprietor  shall  have  complied  with  the  requirements  of  those  sec¬ 
tions,  and  also  with  such  order  as  to  costs  as  the  court  or  justice  may  deem  just  and 
proper  to  make,  which  injunction  may  be  allowed  upon  a  complaint  in  the  name  of 
the  city,  in  the  same  manner  as  injunctions  are  now  usually  allowed  by  the  practice  of 
said  court.  Any  injunction  allowed  under  this  section  may  be  served  by  posting  the 
same  upon  the  outer  door  of  the  theatre  or  circus  or  building  wherein  such  exhibition 
may  be  proposed  to  be  held;  or,  if  the  same  shall  be  in  a  garden  or  grounds,  then  by 
posting  the  same  at  or  on  or  near  the  entrance  way  to  any  such  place  of  exhibition. 
In  case  of  any  proceeding  against  the  manager  or  proprietor  of  any  such  theatre,  circus 
or  building,  or  garden  or  grounds,  as  aforesaid,  it  shall  not  be  necessary  to  prove 
the  personal  service  of  the  injunction,  but  the  service  hereinbefore  provided  shall  be 
deemed  and  held  sufficient.  (Charter,  §1479.) 

§6.  Preceding  sections  not  applicable  to  certain  performances. 

The  provisions  and  requirements  of  the  preceding  sections  of  this  article  shall  not 
be  held  to  apply  to  any  building,  hall,  room  or  rooms  in  which  only  private  theatricals, 
tableaus  and  other  exhibitions  for  charitable  and  religious  purposes  are  given,  nor  to 
the  manager  of  exhibitions  given  by  amateurs  for  the  benefit  of  any  church,  mission, 
parish  or  Sunday  school,  or  for  any  other  charitable  or  religious  purpose;  nor  shall 
the  same  be  held  to  apply  to  any  masonic  temple ;  nor  to  the  trustees  of  any  masonic 
hall  and  asylum  fund,  so  ldhg  as  the  revenues  of  said  temple  shall  continue  to  be 
applied  to  the  use  of  the  masonic  hall  and  asylum,  or  other  charitable  purpose;  nor  to 
the  Educational  Alliance,  nor  to  the  directors  or  officers  thereof,  as  such,  with  respect 
to  any  building  which  shall  in  whole  or  in  part  be  owned  or  leased,  by  said  Alliance, 
while  so  owned  or  leased,  or  so  long  as  the  revenue  thereof  shall  continue  to  be  applied 
to  the  support  of  the  Alliance  and  to  the  religious,  charitable,  social,  educational  or 
literary  purposes  thereof.  (Charter,  §1480.) 

§6=a.  Charity  entertainments. 

1.  Definition,  (a)  “Manager  of  a  charity  entertainment.”  Wherever  used  in 
this  section  the  term  “manager  of  a  charity  entertainment”  shall  be  deemed  to  mean 
a  person  who  undertakes  or  assists  in  the  management  of  any  theatrical  perform¬ 
ance,  concert,  lecture,  ball,  athletic  exhibition  or  other  entertainment,  publicly  adver¬ 
tised  as  for  charity,  or  for  the  benefit  of  any  person,  association  or  institution, 
except  for  the  benefit  of  a  subordinate  lodge  or  branch  of  duly  constituted  or  incor¬ 
porated  fraternities  or  kindred  societies,  and  incorporated  religious  institutions,  where 
an  admission  fee  is  charged  or  a  collection  taken  up. 


31 


CHAP.  3,  ART.  1,  SECS.  7-9. 


2.  License,  bond  and  fee.  No  manager  of  a  charity  entertainment,  not  having 
been  connected,  for  a  period  of  at  least  3  months  immediately  preceding  the  under¬ 
taking,  with  the  regularly  incorporated  charity  or  charities,  for  the  benefit  of  which 
the  entertainment  is  held,  shall  advertise  any  charity  entertainment,  or  receive  money 
from  the  promotion  of  same,  without  a  license  therefor,  and  without  having  given 
bond  to  the  city  with  sufficient  surety,  to  be  approved  by  the  commissioner  of  licenses, 
in  the  penal  sum  which  shall  be  fixed  by  such  commissioner  conditioned  for  the  due 
observance  of  the  provisions  of  law  or  ordinance  relating  to  such  entertainments. 

The  license  fee  of  each  manager  of  any  theatrical  performance,  concert,  lecture, 
ball  or  other  entertainment,  or  any  consecutive  series  of  such  entertainments,  shall 
be  $1.00. 

3.  Estimate  of  expenses.  Every  manager  of  a  charity  entertainment  shall  file 
with  the  bureau  of  licenses,  with  the  application  for  such,  a  statement  of  estimated 
expenses,  with  the  percentage  of  the  gross  proceeds  or  fixed  amounts  to  be  retained 
by  the  managers,  or  other  conditions  of  employment.  Every  manager  of  a  charity 
entertainment  shall  also  publish  a  statement  of  the  sum  total  of  the  estimated  ex¬ 
penses  of  any  entertainment  or  series  of  entertainments,  or  a  statement  of  the  per¬ 
centage  of  the  gross  proceeds  to  be  devoted  to  the  charitable  object  or  objects,  or 
both,  which  shall  appear  in  a  conspicuous  place  on  any  advertisement,  posters,  pro¬ 
grams,  invitations,  letters  of  credential  or  appeal,  and  on  the  license. 

4.  Records  of  receipts  and  expenditures.  Every  manager  of  a  charity  enter¬ 
tainment  shall  keep  records  of  every  such  entertainment,  in  which  shall  be  legibly 
written  a  list  of  all  the  receipts  and  expenditures,  including  the  accruals,  and  -his 
list  shall  be  open  at  all  reasonable  times  to  the  inspection  of  the  commissioner  of 
licenses,  and  shall  be  filed  in  the  Bureau  of  Licenses  within  10  days  after  such  enter¬ 
tainment,  or  series  of  entertainments  has  taken  place  as  a  public  record. 

Sec.  2.  Any  violation  of  the  provisions  of  this  section  shall  be  punishable  by  a 
fine  of  $250  or  by  imprisonment  for  a  term  of  6  months,  or  by  both  such  fine  and 
imprisonment.  (Ord.  approved  Dec.  3,  1917.) 

§7.  Exits,  to  be  numbered  and  indicated  on  programmes. 

The  owner,  lessee,  manager,  or  other  person  having  charge  or  control  of  any 
theatre  shall  cause  each  and  every  door  and  means  of  exit,  for  use  in  case  of  fire  or 
panic,  to  be  numbered  conspicuously,  so  as  to  be  visible  to  the  audience  by  whom  the 
same  may  be  used,  and  shall  have  or  cause  to  be  printed  in  conspicuous  type,  on  the 
programme  or  bill  of  the  play,  a  plan  or  diagram  and  explanation  showing  each  of 
said  exits,  thereon  and  referring  to  the  numbers  aforesaid.  (Charter,  §1487.) 

§8.  Protection  against  fire  or  panic. 

The  fire  commissioner  may  detail,  not  to  exceed  2  members  of  the  uniformed 
force  of  the  fire  department,  to  each  and  every  place  of  amusement  where  machinery 
or  scenery  are  in  use,  while  such  place  is  open  to  the  public.  Their  duty  shall  be  to 
guard  against  fire,  to  take  charge  and  control  of  the  means  provided  for  its  extinguish¬ 
ment,  and  control  and  direct  the  employees  of  the  place  to  which  they  may  be  detailed 
in  the  extinction  of  any  fire  which  may  occur  therein.  A  member  of  the  uniformed 
force  on  such  detail  shall  inspect  every  portion  of  the  building  to  which  he  may  be 
detailed,  during  each  public  performance  therein,  for  the  purpose  of  guarding  and 
protecting  the  occupants  from  fire  or  panic.  In  all  places  of  public  amusement  or 
entertainment,  not  included  in  the  foregoing  provisions  of  this  section,  except  in  fire¬ 
proof  buildings,  there  shall  be  employed  by  the  owner  or  proprietor  thereof  one  or 
more  watchmen,  whose  exclusive  duty  it  shall  be  to  protect  and  guard  the  inmates  of 
such  buildings  from  fire  and  other  sources  of  danger.  (Ord.  effective  January  1,  1912.) 
§9.  Obstruction  of  aisles  and  passageways. 

Whenever  any  member  of  the  uniformed  force  of  the  fire  department  shall  dis- 


32 


AMUSEMENTS  AND  EXHIBITIONS. 


cover  in  any  inside  aisle  or  passageway  in  any  such  place  of  amusement,  any  camp 
stool,  chair,  sofa,  or  other  obstruction,  or  any  person  standing  or  sitting  therein,  during 
any  public  performance,  he  shall  forthwith  notify  the  proprietor  or  manager  of  such 
place  of  amusement,  or  any  usher,  agent  or  other  employee  of  such  proprietor  or 
manager  then  present,  to  cause  the  obstruction  to  be  forthwith  removed,  or  to  cause 
the  person  standing  or  sitting  in  such  aisle  or  passageway  to  forthwith  vacate  the 
same,  except  as  hereinafter  provided.  If  such  manager,  proprietor,  usher,  agent,  or 
employee  shall  cause  or  permit  any  camp  stool,  chair,  sofa,  or  other  obstruction  to  be 
placed  or  remain  in  any  aisle  or  passageway  in  any  such  place  of  amusement,  or  shall 
cause,  or  permit  any  person  to  stand  or  sit  therein,  during  any  public  performance, 
or,  having  been  so  notified,  shall  neglect  or  refuse  to  cause  such  obstruction  to  be 
forthwith  removed,  or  such  person  to  forthwith  vacate  the  aisle  or  passageway,  they 
shall  each  severally  be  deemed  to  have  violated  the  provisions  and  requirements  of 
this  section ;  provided,  however,  that  where  there  is  a  passageway  in  the  rear  of  the 
seats  in  such  place  of  amusement,  more  than  6  feet  in  depth,  it  shall  be  lawful  to 
permit  persons  to  stand  therein,  as  follows : 

a.  Standing  in  passageways.  If  the  passageway  is  more  than  6  feet  and  less  than 
16  feet  deep,  persons  may  stand  therein,  provided  an  unobstructed  passageway  of  at 
least  6  feet  in  depth  is  left  open,  and  there  are  no  more  than  4  rows  of  persons  stand¬ 
ing;  if  the  passageway  is  more  than  16  feet  deep,  any  number  of  persons  or  rows  of 
persons  may  stand  therein,  provided  that  an  unobstructed  passageway  of  at  least  10 
feet  in  depth  is  left  open;  and  in  places  of  amusement  having  a  passageway  in  the  rear 
of  the  seats,  6  feet  or  less,  in  depth,  but  having  in  addition  an  outer  passageway  in  the 
rear  thereof,  to  which  all  aisle  heads  have  straight  and  direct  access,  2  rows  of  persons 
may  be  permitted  to  stand  in  such  passageway  in  the  rear  of  such  seats,  but  under  no 
circumstances  more  than  2  such  rows; 

b.  Standing  in  balconies.  In  balconies  or  galleries,  only  1  row  of  persons  shall 
be  permitted  to  stand; 

c.  Standing  room  to  be  indicated.  The  space  to  be  occupied  by  said  standees 
shall  be  separated  from  the  space  to  be  left  clear  for  passage,  by  tape,  ribbon  or  other 
easily  broken  material,  supported  by  light  posts  fixed  in  stationary  sockets  and  not 
less  than  3  nor  more  than  4  feet  from  the  floor;  all  to  be  so  constructed  and  placed 
as  to  be  no  obstruction  in  case  of  panic  or  emergency; 

d.  Standing  in  aisles.  But  in  no  event,  under  any  circumstances,  shall  any 
person  be  allowed  to  stand  in  or  at  the  head  of  any  aisle.  (Ord.  effective  Jan.  1, 
1912.) 

§10.  Sunday  observance. 

No  person  shall  exhibit  on  the  first  day  of  the  week,  commonly  called  Sunday,  to 
the  public,  in  any  building,  garden,  grounds,  concert  room  or  other  room  or  place 
within  the  city,  the  performance  of  any  tragedy,  comedy,  opera  ballet,  farce,  negro 
minstrelsy,  negro  or  other  dancing,  wrestling,  boxing,  with  or  without  gloves,  spar¬ 
ring  contest,  trial  of  strength,  or  any  part  or  parts  thereof,  nor  any  circus,  equestrian 
or  dramatic  performance  or  exercise,  nor  any  performance  or  exercise  of  jugglers, 
acrobats,  club  performances  or  rope  dancers;  but  nothing  herein  contained  shall  be 
deemed  to  prohibit  at  any  such  place  or  places  on  the  first  day  of  the  week,  commonly 
'called  Sunday,  sacred  or  educational,  vocal  or  instrumental  concerts,  lectures,  ad¬ 
dresses,  recitations  and  singing,  provided  that  such  above  mentioned  entertainments 
shall  be  so  given  as  not  to  disturb  the  public  peace  or  amount  to  a  serious  interrup¬ 
tion  of  the  repose  and  religious  liberty  of  the  community.  Any  person  wilfully  offend¬ 
ing  against  the  provisions  of  this  section,  and  every  person  knowingly  aiding  in  such 
exhibitions,  except  as  herein  provided,  by  advertisements  or  otherwise,  and  every  owner 
or  lessee  of  any  building,  part  of  a  building,  grounds,  garden  or  concert  room,  or  other 

33 


CHAP.  3 ,  ART.  1 ,  SECS.  11-13. 


room  or  place,  who  shall  lease  or  let  out  the  same  for  the  purpose  of  any  such  exhibi¬ 
tion  or  performance,  except  as  herein  provided,  or  assent  that  the  same  be  used  for  any 
such  purpose,  shall  be  subject  to  a  penalty  of  $500,  which  penalty  the  corporation  coun¬ 
sel  is  hereby  authorized  to  prosecute,  sue  for  and  recover;  and,  on  the  recovery  of  a 
judgment  for  the  penalty  herein  provided,  against  any  manager,  proprietor,  owner  or 
lessee,  consenting  to  or  causing  or  allowing,  or  letting  any  part  of  the  building  for  the 
purpose  of  any  exhibition  or  performance,  prohibited  by  this  section,  the  license  which 
shall  have  been  previously  obtained  by  such  manager,  proprietor,  owner  or  lessee 
shall  be  of  itself  vacated  and  annulled.  (C.  O.,  §570.) 

§11.  Sale  of  liquors;  female  waiters. 

No  wine,  beer  or  strong  or  spirituous  liquors  shall  be  sold  or  furnished  to  any 
person  in  the  auditorium  or  lobbies  of  any  place  of  exhibition  or  performance  men¬ 
tioned  in  §1  of  this  title,  nor  any  apartment  connected  therewith  by  any  door, 
window,  or  other  aperture,  except  that  the  commissioner  of  licenses  may,  in  his  dis¬ 
cretion,  and  subject  to  such  regulations  and  restrictions  as  he  may  determine,  permit 
the  same  to  be  sold  or  furnished  while  concerts,  consisting  of  vocal  or  instrumental 
music  only,  are  being  given  in  a  place  duly  licensed  by  him  as  herein  provided.  Such 
permission  shall  only  be  operative  so  long  as  it  shall  be  lawful  under  the  laws  of  this 
state  to  sell  or  furnish  wine,  beer  or  stronger  spirituous  liquors  at  such  place,  and  may 
be  revoked  at  any  time  by  the  commissioner.  No  person  shall  employ  or  furnish  or 
permit  or  assent  to  the  employment  or  attendance  of  any  female  to  wait  on,  or  attend 
in  any  manner,  or  furnish  refreshments  to  the  audience  or  spectators,  or  any  of  them, 
at  any  of  the  exhibitions  or  performances  mentioned  in  said  section,  or  at  any  other 
place  of  public  amusement  in  the  city. 

The  provisions  of  this  section  shall  not  be  construed  to  interfere  with  the  right  of 
any  incorporated  or  other  society,  organized  and  maintained  for  the  cultivation  of 
vocal  or  instrumental  music,  to  exercise  and  practice  the  same  in  good  faith  for  them¬ 
selves  only,  and  not  for  the  observation  and  entertainment  of  the  public;  nor  shall  the 
use  or  occupation  by  any  such  society,  for  the  purposes  aforesaid,  of  any  hall  or  room, 
connected  with  any  place  wherein,  by  the  laws  of  this  state,  it  is  lawful  to  sell  wine, 
beer,  or  strong  or  spirituous  liquors,  be  construed  to  make  such  hall  or  room  a  place  of 
public  amusement,  within  the  provisions  of  this  act.  No  license  shall  be  granted  for 
any  exhibition  or  performance  given  in  violation  of  this  section,  and  any  and  pvery 
exhibition  or  performance,  at  which  any  of  the  provisions  of  this  section  shall  be  vio¬ 
lated,  shall  of  itself  vacate,  annul  and  render  void  and  of  no  effect  any  license  which 
shall  have  been  previously  obtained  by  any  manager,  proprietor,  owner  or  lessee 
consenting  to,  causing,  allowing  or  letting  any  part  of  a  building  for  the  purpose  of 
such  exhibition  and  performance.  (Charter,  §§1483,  1484.) 

§12.  Ticket  speculators. 

No  person  shall  conduct  on  or  in  any  street  in  the  city,  the  business  of  selling 
or  offering  for  sale  any  ticket  of  admission,  or  any  other  evidence  of  any  license, 
contract  or  right  of  entry  to  any  performance  or  exhibition,  in  or  about  the  premises 
of  any  duly  licensed  theatre,  concert  hall,  place  of  public  amusement,  circus,  common 
show,  or  any  place  of  public  amusement  for  which  a  license  is  not  required  by  law; 
nor  shall  any  person  solicit,  by  words,  signs,  circulars  or  other  means,  any  person  to 
purchase  any  such  ticket  upon  any  street.  Any  person  who  shall  violate  any 
provision  of  this  section,  shall,  upon  conviction  thereof,  be  punished  as  provided  in 
§10  of  chapter  27  of  this  ordinance.  (Ord.  approved  Feb.  16,  1911.) 

§13.  Violations. 

Except  as  otherwise  specifically  provided  therein,  any  person  who  shall  violate, 
or  refuse  or  neglect  to  comply  with,  any  provision  of  this  article,  shall  upon  com 

34 


AMUSEMENTS  AND  EXHIBITIONS . 


viction  thereof,  be  punished  by  a  fine  of  not  more  than  $500,  or  by  imprisonment  for 
not  more  than  6  months  or  by  both  such  fine  and  imprisonment;  and  any  such  person 
shall,  also,  for  each  offense,  be  subject  to  the  payment  of  a  penalty  in  the  sum  of 
$250,  to  be  recovered  in  a  civil  action  brought  in  the  name  of  the  city.  (Charter, 
§§1477,  1482,  1485;  C.  O.,  §570.) 

ARTICLE  2. 

Motion=Picture  Exhibitions. 

Section  30.  Definitions. 

31.  Control  of  motion-picture  theatres. 

32.  Licenses. 

32A.  Exceptions. 

33.  Application  for  motion-picture  theatre  licenses. 

34.  Means  of  egress. 

35.  Fire  prevention. 

36.  Fire  extinguishing  appliances. 

37.  Heating. 

38.  Lighting. 

39.  Ventilating. 

40.  Sanitation. 

41.  Public  morals. 

42.  Private  or  non-professional  exhibitions  of  motion-pictures. 

43.  Operators  of  motion-picture  machines. 

44.  Violations. 

§30.  Definitions. 

Unless  otherwise  expressly  stated,  whenever  used  in  this  article,  the  following 
terms  shall  respectively  be  deemed  to  mean: 

1.  Motion-pictures,  a  display^on  a  screen  or  other  device  of  pictures  or  objects  in 
motion  or  rapidly  changing  scenery,  whether  or  not  such  display  shall  be  accompanied 
by  a  lecture,  recitation  or  vocal  or  instrumental  music ; 

2.  Motion-picture  theatre,  any  public  hall  or  room  in  which  motion-pictures  are 
displayed,  in  which  the  seating  capacity  does  not  exceed  600  persons  and  in-  which 
there  is  no  stage  or  scenery ; 

3.  Open-air  motion-picture  theatre,  any  public  place  or  space  in  the  open  air,  in 
which  motion-pictures  are  exhibited  and  in  which  there  is  no  stage  or  scenery.  (C.  O., 
§§352a  and  352b,  added  by  Ord.  approved  July  8,  1913.) 

§31.  Control  of  motion=picture  theatres. 

The  commissioner  of  licenses  shall  regulate  and  control  all  motion-picture  theatres 
and  open-air  motion-picture  theatres.  The  commissioner  shall  appoint  such  inspec¬ 
tors  as  many  be  necessary  to  carry  out  the  provisions  of  this  article.  (C.  O.,  §§352c. 
352b.) 

§32.  Licenses. 

1.  Issue  and  reissue.  All  motion-picture  theatres  and  open-air  motion-picture 
theatres  must  be  duly  licensed.  The  commissioner  may  grant  and  issue  any  license 
required  by  this  section.  Motion-picture  theatre  licenses  and  open-air  motion-picture 
theatre  licenses  shall  expire  on  the  30th  day  of  June  next  succeeding  the  date  of  the 
issue  thereof. 

2.  Fees.  License  fees  shall  be  as  follows : 

For  each  motion-picture  theatre,  $100; 

For  each  open-air  motion-picture  theatre,  $50; 

For  motion-picture  theatre  licenses,  and  open-air  motion-picture  theatre  licenses 
issued  between  the  1st  day  of  January  and  the  30th  day  of  June,  inclusive,  of  any 
year,  one-half  the  above  mentioned  fee  shall  be  paid.  (Ord.  effective  Sept.  22,  1914.) 

35 


CHAP.  3,  ART.  2 ,  SECS.  32a-35. 


§32a.  Exceptions. 

All  the  provisions  of  this  article  excepting  the  provisions  of  subdivision  2  of 
§30,  and  subdivision  2  of  §32,  and  all  the  provisions  of  article  24  of  chapter  5,  excepting 
the  provisions  of  §501,  subdivisions  1,  3  and  5  of  §502,  subdivisions  2,  3  and  4  of  §503, 
and  subdivisions  1,  2  and  4  of  §506,  shall  apply  to  any  motion  picture  theatre  in  a 
hotel  located  at  a  summer  resort,  where  the  seating  capacity  does  not  exceed  1,000,  and 
in  which  there  is  no  stage  or  scenery,  and  to  which  no  admission  fee  is  charged  or 
exacted;  provided,  however,  that  no  such  motion  picture  theatre  shall  be  operated 
above  or  below  the  ground  floor  of  any  building,  and  that  the  commissioner  of  licenses 
shall  have  power  in  his  discretion  to  enforce  the  provisions  of  subdivisions  3  and  4 
of  §503,  relating  to  exits  and  courts. 

The  license  fee  for  a  motion  picture  theatre  as  defined  by  the  above  paragraph 
shall  be  $100.  (Added  by  and  effective  July  7,  1916.) 

§33.  Application  for  motion=picture  theatre  licenses. 

Applications  for  motion-picture  theatre  licenses  or  for  open-air  motion-picture 
theatre  licenses  shall  be  made  to  the  commissioner  of  licenses,  who  shall  pass  upon  the 
location  of  the  theatre  and  upon  the  character  of  the  applicant  for  the  license  without 
delay.  Upon  the  application  for  the  issue  or  reissue  of  a  license  for  a  motion-picture 
theatre  or  an  open-air  motion-picture  theatre,  the  commissioner  shall  request  the  fire 
department,  the  department  of  water  supply,  gas  and  electricity,  the  department  of 
health,  and  the  bureau  of  buildings  of  the  borough  in  which  such  theatre  is  located,  to 
inspect  the  same,  and  the  said  departments  and  the  appropriate  bureau  of  buildings 
shall,  within  10  days  after  receiving  such  requests,  file  in  the  department  of  licenses 
detailed  written  reports,  which  shall  include  a  statement  of  any  violation  of  law, 
ordinance,  rule  or  regulation  relating  to  such  structure,  and  any  dangerous  condition 
existing  therein.  Upon  the  failure  of  any  department  or  bureau  to  file  such  report, 
the  commissioner  may  disregard  such  department  or  bureau  and,  in  his  discretion,  may 
issue  a  license.  Each  applicant  for  a  license  for  a  motion-picture  theatre  or  an  open- 
air  motion-picture  theatre  shall  file  plans  and  specifications  for  the  theatre,  with  the 
bureau  of  buildings  of  the  borough  in  which  the  theatre  is  situated  or  is  tot  be  erected 
or  constructed,  and  a  copy  of  such  plans  and  specifications,  duly  approved  by  the  ap¬ 
propriate  superintendent  of  buildings,  shall  be  filed  in  the  department  of  licenses  with 
the  application  for  the  license.  (C.  O.,  §352c.) 

§34.  Means  of  egress. 

1.  Indication.  Over  every  exit  there  must  be  painted  on  the  inside,  in  letters 
not  less  than  6  inches  high,  the  word  “Exit”  in  legible  type,  and  one  red  light  or 
illuminated  sign  must  be  placed  inside  over  each  exit  and  illuminated  while  the  audi¬ 
ence  is  present.  (C.  O.,  §352d,  subd.  11.) 

2.  Obstruction,  prohibited.  All  exit  doors  and  doors  leading  to  fire-escapes  in 
all  motion-picture  theatres  and  open-air  motion-picture  theatres  must  be  unlocked 
when  the  theatres  are  open  to  the  public.  All  passageways  and  exits  to  the  street  re¬ 
quired  by  law  or  ordinance  must  be  kept  free  and  clear,  and  shall  be  used  for  no 
other  purpose  than  for  entrance  and  exit  to  and  from  the  theatre.  No  aisle,  passage¬ 
way  or  space  in  the  rear  of  the  seats  in  such  a  theatre  shall  be  obstructed  by  any  camp 
stool,  chair,  sofa  or  settee,  nor  shall  any  person  be  permitted  to  stand  or  sit  therein. 
(C.  O,  §352d,  subds.  3,  9,  11.) 

§35.  Fire  prevention. 

1.  Care  of  films.  Every  booth  in  which  a  motion-picture  projecting  machine 
shall  be  operated  shall  contain  an  approved  fireproof  box  for  the  storage  of  all  picture 
films  not  on  the  projecting  machine,  and  films  shall  not  be  stored  in  any  other  place 
on  the  premises.  No  film  shall  be  rewound  and  repaired  in  a  motion-picture  theatre, 

36 


AMUSEMENTS  AND  EXHIBITIONS. 


except  in  the  booth  or  in  some  other  enclosure  approved  as  fireproof  by  the  fire  com¬ 
missioner.  The  requirements  of  this  section  shall  apply  to  portable  booths  and 
booths  in  open-air  theatres,  as  well  as  to  motion-picture  theatres.  (C.  O.,  §352d,  subd. 
7;  §352e,  subd.  3.) 

2.  Cellars.  The  basement  or  cellar  under  the  auditorium  shall  be  kept  free  and 
clear,  except  the  space  used  for  the  heating  apparatus,  or  for  machinery  connected 
with  the  theatre  and  for  coal  and  except  further  that  such  basement  or  cellar,  if  sepa¬ 
rated  from  the  auditorium  by  an  unpierced  floor,  either  of  fireproof  construction  or 
covered  on  the  under  side  with  fire-retarding  material  approved  by  the  fire  com¬ 
missioner  and  superintendent  of  bureau  of  buildings,  may  be  occupied  for  a  business 
deemed  by  the  fire  commissioner  not  to  be  hazardous.  (Amended  by  ord.  effective 
Nov.  9,  1915.) 

§36.  Fire  extinguishing  appliances. 

Portable  fire  extinguishing  appliances,  approved  by  the  fire  commissioner,  shall 
be  provided  in  every  motion-picture  theatre  and  open-air  motion-picture  theatre,  of 
the  following  kind  and  number : 

1.  10-quart  capacity  buckets,  painted  red  with  the  word  “Fire”  in  black,  the 
letters  4  inches  high,  to  the  number  of  6  for  places  seating  less  than  300  without  a 
gallery,  and  2  additional  if  there  be  a  gallery,  and  to  the  number  of  10  in  places 
seating  over  300  persons,  and  4  additional  buckets  if  there  be  a  gallery ; 

2.  Fire  extinguishers,  approved  by  the  fire  commissioner,  of  which  2  shall  be 
on  the  main  floor  and  2  in  the  gallery,  if  there  be  one,  and  1  in  the  operating  booth; 

3.  4-pound  flat-head  axes,  2  of  which  shall  be  on  the  main  floor  and  2  in  the 
gallery,  if  there  be  one; 

4.  2  buckets  filled  with  dry  sand,  to  be  kept  in  the  operating  booth.  (C.  O., 
§352d,  subd.  14.) 

§37.  Heating. 

When  the  temperature  of  the  outdoor  air  is  below  60  degrees  F.,  the  air  in  a 
motion-picture  theatre,  while  an  audience  is  present,  shall  be  maintained  at  a  tempera¬ 
ture  not  lower  than  62  degrees  F.  nor  higher  than  70  degrees  F.  If  gas  stoves,  oil 
stoves  or  other  apparatus  throwing  off  products  of  combustion  are  used  to  heat  such  a 
theatre,  said  products  of  combustion  must  be  carried  to  the  outside  air  by  means  of 
a  fireproof  flue  or  flues.  No  radiator  shall  be  placed  in  the  aisles  of  such  a  theatre, 
so  as  to  lessen  the  width  below  the  minimum  requirement.  (C.  O.,  §352e,  subd.  2.) 

§38.  Lighting. 

Every  portion  of  a  motion-picture  theatre,  as  defined  aforesaid,  including  exits, 
courts  and  corridors  devoted  to  the  uses  or  accommodation  of  the  public,  shall  be 
so  lighted  by  electric  light,  during  all  exhibitions  and  until  the  entire  audience  has 
left  the  premises,  that  a  person  with  normal  eyesight  should  be  able  to  read  the 
Snellen  standard  test  type  40  at  a  distance  of  20  feet,  and  type  30  at  a  distance  of  10 
feet;  normal  eyesight  meaning  ability  to  read  type  20  at  a  distance  of  20  feet,  in 
daylight.  Cards  showing  types  20,  30  and  40  shall  be  displayed  on  the  sidewalls, 
together  with  a  copy  of  this  section.  (C.  O.,  §352e,  subd.  1.) 

§39.  Ventilating. 

Motion-picture  theatres,  as  defined  aforesaid,  having  less  than  200  cubic  feet 
of  air  space  for  each  person,  or  motion-picture  theatres  in  which  the  outside  window 
and  door  area  is  less  than  1/8  of  the  floor  area,  shall  be  provided  with  artificial  means 
of  ventilation  which  shall  supply,  during  the  time  when  the  audience  is  present,  at 
least  500  cubic  feet  of  fresh  air  per  hour  for  each  person. 

Motion-picture  theatres  having  more  than  200  cubic  feet  of  air  space  for  each 
person,  or  having  outside  windows  and  doors  the  area  of  which  is  equal  to  at  least 

37 


CHAP.  3 ,  ART .  2,  SECS’.  40-42. 


1/8  of  the  floor  area,  shall  be  provided  with  artificial  means  of  ventilation,  that 
shall  be  in  operation  when  the  outside  temperature  requires  the  windows  to  be  kept 
closed,  and  which  shall  supply,  during  the  time  the  audience  is  present,  at  least  500 
cubic  feet  of  fresh  air  per  hour  for  each  person.  When  the  artificial  ventilation  is  not 
in  operation,  ventilation  by  means  of  open  doors  and  windows  shall  be  sufficient  to 
provide  each  person  with  500  cubic  feet  of  fresh  air  per  hour. 

Motion-picture  theatres  having  more  than  1,000  cubic  feet  of  air  space  for  each 
person  and  having  outside  windows  and  doors,  the  area  of  which  is  equal  to  at  least 
1/8  of  the  total  floor  area,  shall  not  be  required  to  have  artificial  means  of 
ventilation,  provided  the  air  is  thoroughly  changed  by  freely  opening  doors  and 
windows,  immediately  before  the  admission  of  the  audience  and  at  least  every  4  hours 
thereafter. 

No  part  of  the  fresh  air  supply  required  by  any-  paragraph  of  this  section  shall 
be  taken  from  any  source  containing  vitiated  air.  The  area  of  outside  doors  and 
windows  shall  mean  the  area  capable  of  being  freely  opened  to  the  outside  air  for 
ventilation  purposes.  When  fresh  air  is  supplied  by  means  of  ventilating  openings,  at 
least  1  inlet  shall  be  situated  at  one  end  of  the  room,  and  at  least  1  outlet  at  the 
other  end  of  the  room.  Where  exhaust  or  inlet  fans  are  necessary,  at  least  1  of  such 
fans  shall  be  placed  in  an  outlet  opening.  The  inlet  opening  or  openings  shall  be  placed 
in  the  floor  or  within  2  feet  from  the  floor,  and  the  outlet  opening  or  openings  in  the 
ceiling,  or  within  2  feet  of  the  ceiling.  The  inlet  openings  and  their  surroundings  shall 
be  kepi  free  from  dust,  so  that  the  incoming  air  shall  not  convey  dust  nor  stir  up  dust 
as  it  enters. 

During  the  time  spectators  arc  present,  the  air  in  the  theatre  shall  be  kept  con¬ 
tinuously  in  motion  by  means  of  fans  to  the  number  of  at  least  1  to  every  150  persons. 
Such  fans  shall  be  placed  in  positions  remote  from  the  inlet  and  outlet  openings.  No 
person  shall  be  exposed  to  any  direct  draft  fiom  any  air  inlet.  (C.  O.,  §352e,  subd.  3.) 

§40.  Sanitation. 

1.  Toilets.  Separate  toilets  for  each  sex  must  be  provided  in  every  motion- 
picture  theatre  and  open-air  motion-picture  theatre.  (C.  O.,  §352d,  subd.  13.) 

2.  Cleanliness.  All  motion-picture  theatres  shall  be  kept  clean  and  free  from 
dust.  Their  floors,  where  covered  with  wood,  tiles,  stone,  concrete,  linoleum,  or  other 
washable  material,  shall  be  mopped  or  scrubbed  with  water,  or  swept  with  moisture  or 
by  some  dustless  method,  at  least  once  daily,  and  shall  be  scrubbed  with  water  and 
soap  or  water  and  some  other  solvent  substance,  at  least  once  weekly.  All  carpets, 
rugs  and  other  fabric  floor  coverings  in  such  theatres  shall  be  cleaned  at  least  once 
daily,  by  suction  cleaning,  beating  or  dustless  sweeping.  Curtains  and  draperies  shall 
be  cleaned  at  least  once  monthly,  by  suction  cleaning,  beating  or  washing.  Cornices, 
walls  and  other  dust-holding  places  shall  be  kept  free  from  dust  by  washing  or  moist 
wiping.  The  wood  and  mefal  parts  of  all  seats  shall  be  kept  clean.  Fabric  uphol¬ 
stering  of  seats  and  railings  and  other  fixed  fabrics  shall  be  cleaned  by  suction  cleaning, 
or  other  dustless  method,  at  least  once  monthly.  (C.  O.,  §352f.) 

§41.  Public  morals. 

The  inspectors  of  the  department  of  licenses  shall  investigate  the  character  of 
exhibitions  in  motion-picture  theatres,  and  open-air  motion-picture  theatres,  and  shall 
report  to  the  commissioner  any  offense  against  morality,  decency  or  public  welfare 
committed  in  said  exhibitions.  (C.  O.,  §352g.) 

§42.  Private  or  non=professional  exhibitions  of  motion-pictures. 

The  provisions  of  this  article  shall  not  apply  to  motion-picture  exhibitions,  with  or 
without  charge  for  admission,  conducted  under  the  direct  management  of  educational 
or  religious  institutions,  or  held  or  given  in  conjunction  with  and  incidental  to  ban- 


38 


AMUSEMENTS  AND  EXHIBITIONS . 


quets,  entertainments,  lectures,  receptions,  expositions  or  dances,  nor  to  motion  picture 
exhibitions,  without  charge  for  admission,  given  or  held  not  more  than  once  a  week 
in  private  residences  or  in  bona  fide  social,  scientific,  political  or  athletic  clubs,  nor  to 
anv  motion  picture  exhibitions  in  which  the  apparatus  for  projecting  such  motion- 
pictures  uses  only  an  enclosed  incandescent  lamp,  only  cellulose  acetate  or  other  slow 
burning  film  of  a  size  or  perforation  differing  from  the  standard  as  used  in  theatrical 
machines,  and  is  approved  by  the  fire  commissioner  as  being  unsuitable  for  the  use 
of  inflammable  motion-picture  films. 

1.  Before  motion  pictures  shall  be  exhibited,  as  above  provided,  there  shall  be 
obtained  from  the  commissioner  of  licenses  a  permit  for  such  exhibition,  applica¬ 
tion  for  which  shall  have  been  filed  in  the  department  of  licenses,  at  least  3  days  prior 
to  the  date  of  said  exhibition. 

2.  Before  granting  such  permit,  the  commissioner  shall  cause  to  be  inspected  the 
premises  where  it  is  proposed  that  the  exhibition  shall  be  held,  and  shall  grant  the 
permit  if,  in  his  judgment,  the  safety  of  the  public  is  properly  guarded,  and  provided 
that,  for  an  audience  of  more  than  75  people,  all  chairs  or  seats  shall  be  securely 
fastened  to  the  floor  or  fastened  together  in  rows. 

3.  The  apparatus  for  projecting  such  motion-pictures  shall  be  contained  in  a 
fire-proof  booth  or  enclosure  constructed  as  required  by  law;  except  the  apparatus  or 
motion-picture  machine  uses  only  cellulose  acetate  films,  of  a  size  or  perforation 
differing  from  the  standard  as  used  in  theatrical  machines,  and  uses  only  an  enclosed 
incandescent  lamp,  and  is  approved  by  the  fire  commisioner  as  being  unsuitable  for 
the  use  of  inflammable  motion-picture  films. 

4.  Every  such  exhibition  shall  be  subject  to  the  inspection  of  the  officers  and 
inspectors  of  the  department  of  licenses,  for  the  purposes  of  this  article. 

5.  The  commissioner  of  licenses  may,  in  his  discretion,  impose  a  fee  for  the 
issuance  of  such  permit,  which  said  fee,  however,  shall  not  exceed  $5  for  one  month 
or  part  thereof. 

6.  Nothing  contained  in  the  foregoing  paragraphs  of  this  section  shall  be  so 
construed  as  to  permit  any  person,  association  or  club  to  hold  any  motion-picture  ex¬ 
hibitions,  excepting  exhibitions  held  under  the  direct  management  of  religious  or 
educational  institutions,  or  given  or  held  in  conjunction  with  and  incidental  to  banquets, 
entertainments,  lectures,  receptions,  expositions  or  dances,  where  an  admission  is 
charged,  without  the  payment  of  such  license  fee  as  is  provided  for  in  §32,  article  2, 
chapter  3,  of  this  ordinance.  (Amended  by  ord,  effective  Dec.  18,  1915.) 

§43.  Operators  of  motion=picture  machines. 

1.  License  required.  No  person  shall  operate  any  motion-picture  apparatus  or 
any  connection  thereof,  unless  he  shall  have  been  duly  licensed  as  hereinafter  provided. 
(Charter,  §529aA 

2.  Ap plication  for  license.  Any  person  desiring  to  act  as  a  motion-picture 
operator  shall  make  application  for  a  license  as  such  to  the  commissioner  of  water 
supply,  gas  and  electricity,  who  shall  furnish  to  each  applicant  blank  forms  of  appli¬ 
cation  which  he  shall  fill  out  and  file  with  the  commissioner.  (Charter,  §529a.) 

3.  Examination.  The  commissioner  shall  make  rules  and  regulations  governing 
the  examination  of  applicants  and  the  issuance  of  licenses  and  certificates ;  provided 
that  each  applicant  shall  be  given  a  practical  examination,  under  the  direction  of  the 
commissioner.  (Charter,  §529a.) 

4.  Issue  of  license  and  certificate.  If,  on  such  examination,  the  applicant  is 
found  to  be  competent  to  operate  motion-picture  apparatus  and  its  connections,  he  shall 
receive  the  license  for  which  he  has  applied,  within  6  days  after  his  examination ; 
which  license  shall  continue  in  force  for  1  year  from  the  date  of  issue,  unless  sooner 
revoked  or  suspended.  With  every  license  granted  there  shall  be  issued  to  the  person 


39 


CHAP.  3,  ARTS.  2,  3,  SECS.  44-61. 


obtaining  such  license  a  certificate,  made  by  the  commissioner  or  such  other  officer 
as  the  commissioner  may  designate,  setting  forth  that  the  person  named  therein  is 
duly  authorized  to  operate  motion-picture  apparatus  and  its  connections.  (Charter, 
§529a.) 

5.  Posting  certificate.  The  certificate  shall  be  displayed  in  a  conspicuous  place 
in  the  room  in  which  the  licensee  operates  a  motion-picture  apparatus  and  its 
connections.  (Charter,  §529a.) 

6.  Discipline.  The  license  and  certificate  may  be  revoked  or  suspended  at  any 
time  by  the  commissioner,  in  his  discretion,  for  cause.  (Charter,  §529a.) 

7.  Renewal  of  license.  Every  license,  unless  revoked  or  suspended,  as  herein 
provided,  may,  at  the  end  of  a  year  from  the  date  of  issue  thereof,  be  renewed  by 
the  commissioner  in  his  discretion,  upon  application  and  with  or  without  further 
examination  as  he  may  direct,  but  every  application  for  renewal  of  license  must  be 
made  within  the  30  days  previous  to  the  expiration  of  such  license.  (Chapter,  §529a.) 

8.  Unlicensed  operators.  No  person,  not  licensed  as  provided  in  this  section, 
shall  be  employed  to  operate  or  be  permitted  to  operate  any  motion-picture  apparatus, 
or  any  connections  thereof,  in  any  motion-picture  theatre,  open-air  motion-picture 
theatre  or  other  place  where  motion-pictures  are  exhibited,  to  which  the  public  is 
admitted,  with  or  without  charge  for  admission.  (Charter,  §529a.) 

§44.  Violations. 

Any  person  who  shall  violate,  or  refuse  or  neglect  to  comply  with  any  provision 
of  this  article  shall,  upon  conviction  thereof,  be  punished  by  a  fine  of  not  more  than 
$100,  or  by  imprisonment  not  exceeding  30  days,  or  by  both  such  fine  and  imprison¬ 
ment;  and  any  such  person  shall,  also,  for  each  offense,  be  subject  to  the  payment  of 
a  penalty  in  the  sum  of  $50,  to  be  recovered  in  a  civil  action,  (new.) 

ARTICLE  3. 

Common  Shows. 

Section  60.  Definition. 

61.  License  required;  fee. 

62.  Violations. 

§60.  Definition. 

A  common  show  shall  be  deemed  to  include  a  carousel,  Ferris  wheel,  gravity 
steeplechase,  chute,  scenic  cave,  bicycle  carousel,  scenic  railway,  striking  machine, 
switchback,  merry-go-round,  puppet  show,  ball  game,  and  all  other  shows  of  like 
character,  but  not  to  include  games  of  baseball,  nor  to  authorize  gambling  or  any  games 
of  chance.  (C.  O.,  §352.) 

§61.  License  required;  fee. 

No  person  shall  maintain  or  operate  a  common  show  without  a  license  therefor, 
granted  and  issued  by  the  commissioner  of  licenses.  Such  licenses  shall  expire  on 
the  15th  day  of  March  next  succeeding  the  date  of  issuance  thereof,  unless  sooner 
suspended  or  revoked  by  the  commissioner.  The  fee  for  such  license  shall  be  $25. 

Licenses,  for  common  shows,  now  in  force,  shall  expire  on  the  15th  day  of  March, 
1917.  Such  licenses  may  be  renewed  if  presented  on  or  before  the  16th  day  of  March, 
1917,  and  for  each  full  calendar  month  of  the  unexpired  term  of  the  old  license,  a 
pro  rata  amount  of  the  fee  paid  therefor  shall  be  applied  toward  the  payment  of  the 
new  fee.  (C.  O.,  §§305-308;  as  amended  by  ord.  approved  Aug.  8,  1916.) 


40 


AMUSEMENTS  AND  EXHIBITIONS. 


§62.  Violations. 

Any  person  who  shall  violate,  or  refuse  or  neglect  to  comply  with,  any  provision 
of  this  article  shall,  upon  conviction  thereof,  be  punished  by  a  fine  of  not  more  than 
$10,  or  by  imprisonment  not  exceeding  10  days,  or,  by  both  such  fine  and  imprisonment ; 
and  any  such  person  shall,  also,  for  each  offense,  be  subject  to  the  payment  of  a 
penalty  in  the  sum  of  $10,  to  be  recovered  in  a  civil  action.  (C.  O.,  §379.) 


41 


CHAPTER  4. 

BRIDGES. 

Article  1.  General  provisions. 

ARTICLE  1. 

General  Provisions. 

Section  1.  Names  of  bridges. 

2.  Speed  of  vehicles  on  bridges. 

§1.  Names  of  Bridges. 

The  bridges  of  the  city  shall  hereafter  be  known  as  follows: 

1.  Across  the  East  river: 

a.  The  New  York  and  Brooklyn  bridge  shall  be  designated  as  the  Brooklyn 
Bridge ; 

b.  The  new  East  river  bridge  shall  be  designated  as  the  Williamsburg  Bridge; 

c.  Bridge  No.  3,  crossing  the  East  river,  shall  be  designated  as  the  Manhattan 
Bridge; 

d.  Bridge  No.  4,  crossing  the  East  river,  shall  be  designated  as  the  Queensboro 
Bridge. 

2.  Across  the  Harlem  river: 

a.  The  bridge  connecting  First  avenue,  borough  of  Manhattan,  and  Willis  ave¬ 
nue,  borough  of  The  Bronx,  shall  be  designated  as  the  Willis  Avenue  Bridge; 

b.  The  bridge  on  the  line  of  Third  avenue,  shall  be  designated  as  the  Third 
Avenue  Bridge ; 

c.  The  bridge  connecting  Madison  avenue,  in  the  borough  of  Manhattan,  and 
East  138th  street,  in  the  borough  of  The  Bronx,  shall  be  designated  as  the  Madison 
Avenue  Bridge; 

d.  The  bridge  connecting  West  145th  street,  in  the  borough  of  Manhattan,  and 
East  149th  street,  in  the  borough  of  The  Bronx,  shall  be  designated  as  the  145th 
Street  Bridge; 

e.  The  bridge  connecting  West  155th  street,  borough  of  Manhattan,  and  Jerome 
avenue,  borough  of  The  Bronx,  shall  be  designated  as  the  Macomb’s  Dam  Bridge; 

f.  The  bridge  connecting  West  181st  street,  borough  of  Manhattan,  and  University 
avenue,  borough  of  The  Bronx,  shall  be  designated  as  the  Washington  Bridge; 

g.  The  bridge  connecting  West  207th  street,  borough  of  Manhattan,  and  West 
Fordham  road,  borough  of  The  Bronx,  shall  be  designated  as  the  University  Heights 
Bridge ; 

h.  The  bridge  on  the  line  of  Broadway  shall  be  designated  as  the  Ship  Canal 
Bridge. 

3.  Bridges  in  the  borough  of  The  Bronx: 

a.  The  bridge  over  Mott  Haven  canal,  on  the  line  of  East  135th  street,  shall  be 
designated  as  the  135th  Street  Bridge ; 

b.  The  bridge  over  the  Bronx  river,  on  the  line  of  Westchester  avenue,  shall  be 
designated  as  the  Westchester  Avenue  Bridge; 

c.  The  bridge  over  Westchester  creek,  on  the  line  of  East  177th  street,  shall 
be  designated  as  the  Unionport  Bridge; 

d.  The  bridge  over  Eastchester  bay,  connecting  Eastern  boulevard  and  Pelham 
Bridge  road,  shall  be  designated  as  the  Pelham  Bridge; 

e.  The  bridge  over  Pelham  Bay  narrows,  connecting  City  Island  road  and  City 
Island  avenue,  shall  be  designated  as  the  City  Island  Bridge; 

f.  The  bridge  over  Eastchester  creek,  on  the  line  of  Boston  road,  shall  be  desig¬ 
nated  as  the  Eastchester  Bridge. 

4.  Bridges  in  the  borough  of  Brooklyn: 

a.  The  bridge  over  Gowanus  canal,  on  the  line  of  Hamilton  avenue,  shall  be 
designated  as  the  Hamilton  Avenue  Bridge; 

42 


BRIDGES. 


b.  The  bridge  over  Gowanus  canal,  on  the  line  of  9th  street,  shall  be  designated 
as  the  9th  Street  Bridge ; 

c.  The  bridge  over  Gowanus  canal,  on  the  line  of  3d  street,  shall  be  designated 
as  the  3d  Street  Bridge ; 

d.  The  bridge  over  Gowanus  canal,  on  the  line  of  Carroll  street,  shall  be  desig¬ 
nated  as  the  Carroll  Street  Bridge; 

e.  The  bridge  over  Gowanus  canal,  on  the  line  of  Union  street,  shall  be  designated 
as  the  Union  Street  Bridge; 

f.  The  bridge  over  5th  Street  basin  (Gowanus  canal),  on  the  line  of  Third 
avenue,  shall  be  designated  as  the  Third  Avenue  Bridge; 

g.  The  bridge  over  Wallabout  canal,  on  the  line  of  Washington  avetiue,  shall  be 
designated  as  the  Washington  Avenue  Bridge; 

h.  The  bridge  on  the  line  of  Metropolitan  avenue,  over  English  kills,  shall  be 
designated  as  the  Metropolitan  Avenue  Bridge; 

i.  The  bridge  over  the  Coney  Island  creek,  connecting  West  18th  street  and 
West  17th  street,  shall  be  designated  as  the  Harway  Avenue  Bridge; 

j.  The  bridge  over  Sheepshead  bay,  on  the  line  of  Ocean  avenue,  shall  be  desig¬ 
nated  as  the  Ocean  Avenue  Bridge; 

k.  The  bridge  over  the  Coney  Island  creek,  on  the  line  of  the  Shell  road,  shall  be 
designated  as  the  Shell  Road  Bridge. 

5.  Newtown  creek  bridges: 

a.  The  bridge  connecting  Manhattan  avenue,  borough  of  Brooklyn,  and  Vernon 
avenue,  borough  of  Queens,  shall  be  designated  as  the  Vernon  Avenue  Bridge; 

b.  The  bridge  on  the  line  of  Greenpoint  avenue  shall  be  designated  as  the  Green- 
point  Avenue  Bridge : 

c.  The  bridge  connecting  Meeker  avenue,  borough  of  Brooklyn,  and  Laurel  Hill 
boulevard,  borough  of  Queens,  shall  be  designated  as  the  Meeker  Avenue  Bridge; 

d.  The  bridge  on  the  line  of  Grand  street,  shall  be  designated  as  the  Grand 
Street  Bridge. 

6.  Bridges  in  the  borough  of  Queens: 

a.  The  bridge  over  Dutch  Kills  creek,  on  the  line  of  Borden  avenue,  shall  be 
designated  as  the  Borden  Avenue  Bridge; 

b.  The  bridge  over  Dutch  Kills  creek,  on  the  line  of  Hunter’s  Point  avenue, 
shall  be  designated  as  the  Hunter’s  Point  Avenue  Bridge ; 

c.  The  bridge  over  Flushing  river,  on  the  line  of  Jackson  avenue,  shall  be  desig¬ 
nated  as  the  Flushing  Bridge; 

d.  The  bridge  over  Flushing  river,  on  the  line  of  Rodman  street,  shall  be 
designated  as  the  Strong’s  Causeway  Bridge; 

e.  The  bridge  over  Alley  creek,  on  the  line  of  Jackson  avenue,  shall  be  desig¬ 
nated  as  the  Little  Neck  Bridge; 

7.  Bridges  in  the  borough  of  Richmond: 

a.  The  bridge  over  Lemon  creek,  on  the  line  of  Bayview  avenue,  shall  be  desig¬ 
nated  as  the  Lemon  Creek  Bridge; 

b.  The  bridge  over  Richmond  creek,  on  the  line  of  Bridge  avenue,  shall  be 
designated  as  the  Fresh  Kills  Bridge. 

(Added  by  ord.  effective  Jan.  26,  1915.) 

§2.  Speed  of  vehicles  on  bridges. 

No  person  shall  operate,  drive  or  propel  any  vehicle,  and  no  owner  riding  thereon 
or  therein  shall  cause  or  permit  the  same  to  be  driven  or  propelled  upon  the  Brooklyn 
bridge  at  a  rate  of  speed  greater  than  8  miles  per  hour,  nor  upon  any  other  public 
bridge  in  the  city  at  a  rate  of  speed  greater  than  15  miles  per  hour.  (Added  by  ord. 
effective  Jan.  26,  1915.) 


43 


CHAPTER  5. 
^BUILDING  CODE. 


Article  1. 

2. 

3. 

4. 

5. 

6. 

7. 

8. 
9. 

10. 

11. 

12. 

13. 

14. 

15. 

16. 

17. 

18. 

19. 

20. 
21. 
22. 

23. 

24. 

25. 

26. 

27. 

28. 

29. 

30. 

31. 

32. 


General  provisions. 

Materials. 

Working  stresses  and  loads. 

Classification  of  buildings. 

Restricted  areas. 

Height,  size  and  arrangement. 

Light  and  ventilation. 

Exit  facilities. 

Projections  beyond  building  line. 

Safeguards  during  construction  or  demolition. 
Partition  fences  and  walls. 

Excavations  and  foundations. 

Masonry  construction. 

Wood  construction. 

Iron  and  steel  construction. 

Reinforced  concrete  construction. 

Fireproof  construction. 

Safeguards  against  spread  of  fire. 

Chimneys  and  heating  apparatus. 

Roofing  and  roof  structures. 

Miscellaneous  requirements. 

Frame  buildings. 

Buildings  of  a  public  character. 

Motion  picture  theatres. 

Theatres  and  other  places  of  amusement. 

Elevators. 

Fire  extinguishing  appliances. 

Plumbing  and  other  systems  of  piping. 

Unsafe  buildings  and  collapsed  structures. 
Enforcement  of  chapter. 


Section  1. 
2. 

3. 

4. 

5. 

6. 

7. 

8. 
9. 

10. 


t  ARTICLE  1. 

General  Provisions. 

Scope. 

Definitions. 

Application  for  permits. 

Permits. 

Certificate  of  occupancy. 

Modifications. 

Rules. 

Approved  materials,  appliances  and  methods  of  construction. 
Seal  of  building  bureau. 

Right  of  entry  of  officers  and  employees. 


♦Table  of  article  headings  amended  by  ord.  adopted  Dec.  14,  1915,  effective  March 
14,  1916. 

fAmended  by  ord.  adopted  Dec.  14,  1915,  effective  March  14,  1916. 


44 


BUILDING  CODE. 


§1.  Scope. 

1.  Short  title.  This  chapter  shall  be  known  and  cited  as  the  Building  Code. 

2.  Matter  covered.  All  matters  concerning,  affecting  or  relating  to  the  con¬ 
struction,  alteration  or  removal  of  buildings  or  structures,  erected  or  to  be  erected 
in  the  city  are  presumptively  provided  for  in  this  chapter,  except  in  so  far  as  such 
provisions  are  contained  in  the  Charter,  the  Tenement  House  Law,  the  Labor  Law, 
or  the  rules  promulgated  in  accordance  with  the  provisions  of  this  chapter  by  the 
superintendents  of  buildings  of  the  several  boroughs. 

3.  Chapter  remedial.  This  chapter  is  hereby  declared  to  be  remedial,  and  shall 
be  construed  liberally,  to  secure  the  beneficial  interests  and  purposes  thereof. 

4.  All  new  work  to  conform.  No  wall,  structure,  building  or  part  thereof  shall 
hereafter  be  constructed,  nor  shall  the  plumbing  nor  drainage,  or  other  equipment 
of  any  building,  structure  or  premises,  so  far  as  provided  for  in  this  chapter,  be 
construed  or  altered  in  the  city,  except  in  conformity  with  the  provisions  of  this 
chapter.  No  building  already  erected,  or  hereafter  to  be  built  in  said  city,  shall  be 
altered  in  any  manner  that  would  be  in  violation  of  any  of  the  provisions  of  this 
chapter,  or  any  rule  or  approval  of  the  superintendent  of  buildings  made  and  issued 
thereunder;  but  nothing  in  this  chapter  shall  prohibit  the  raising  or  lowering  of  any 
building  to  meet  a  change  of  grade  in  the  street  on  which  it  is  located,  provided 
that  the  building  is  not  otherwise  altered. 

5.  Undeveloped  localities.  In  such  parts  of  the  city  outside  the  fire  limits  and 
suburban  limits  in  which  a  system  of  streets  has  not  been  established,  only  so  much 
of  the  requirements  of  this  chapter  shall  apply  as  in  the  judgment  of  the  superin¬ 
tendent  of  buildings  may  be  necessary  for  safety  of  life  and  health;  but  this  shall 
not  be  construed  to  permit  the  erection  of  any  building  to  exceed  in  height  or  area 
the  limits  fixed  by  this  chapter  for  such  buildings. 

6.  Buildings  affected.  All  provisions  of  this  chapter  shall  apply  with  equal 
force  to  municipal  buildings  as  they  do  to  private  buildings,  except  as  may  be  specifi¬ 
cally  provided  for  by  law. 

§2.  Definitions. 

Unless  otherwise  expressly  stated,  the  following  terms  shall,  for  the  purposes  of 
this  chapter,  have  the  meanings  herein  indicated. 

a.  Words  used  in  the  present  tense  include  the  future;  words  in  the  masculine 
gender  include  the  feminine  and  neuter;  the  singular  number  includes  the  plural  and 
the  plural  the  singular.;  the  word  “person”  includes  a  corporation  as  well  as  an  indi¬ 
vidual;  “writing”  includes  printing,  and  printed  or  typewritten  matter;  “oath”  includes 
affirmation;  “signature”  or  “subscription”  includes  “mark,”  when  the  person  cannot 
write,  his  name  being  written  near  it. 

b.  The  term  “occupied”  as  applied  to  any  building,  shall  be  construed  as  though 
followed  by  the  words  “or  intended,  arranged  or  designed  to  be  occupied.” 

c.  The  term  “approved”  as  applied  to  any  material,  device  or  mode  of  construc¬ 
tion,  means  approved  by  the  superintendent  of  buildings  under  the  provisions  of  this 
chapter,  or  by  any  other  authority  designated  by  law  to  give  approval  in  the  matter 
in  question. 

d.  The  term  “owner”  includes  his  duly  authorized  agent  or  attorney,  a  purchaser, 
devisee,  and  any  person  entitled  to  an  interest  in  the  property  in  question. 

e.  An  alteration,  as  applied  to  a  building  or  structure,  is  any  change  or  rear¬ 
rangement  in  the  structural  parts  or  in  the  exit  facilities,  or  any  enlargement,  whether 
by  extending  on  any  side  or  by  increasing  in  height,  or  the  moving  from  one  location 
or  position  to  another. 

f.  The  term  “curb,”  when  used  in  defining  the  height  of  a  building  means  the 
mean  curb  level  at  that  front  of  the  building  which  faces  on  the  street  of  greatest 

45 


CHAP.  5,  ART.  1,  SEC.  3. 


width,  or,  if  the  greatest  width  occurs  on  more  than  one  of  the  streets  on  which  the 
building  faces,  the  mean  curb  level  at  that  point  of  the  building  which  faces  on  the 
street  of  greatest  width  and  having  the  highest  curb. 

The  term  “curb”  when  used  in  fixing  the  depth  of  an  excavation,  means  the  curb 
level  at  that  point  of  the  curb  which  is  nearest  to  the  point  of  the  excavation  in 
question. 

g.  The  term  “height”  as  applied  to  a  building  or  structure  means  the  vertical  dis¬ 
tance,  measured  in  a  straight  line  from  the  curb  level,  or  if  the  grade  of  the  street  has 
not  been  legally  established  or  the  building  does  not  adjoin  the  street,  from  the  ave¬ 
rage  level  of  all  the  ground  adjoining  such  building,  to  the  highest  point  of  the  roof 
beams  in  the  case  of  flat  roofs,  and  to  the  average  height  of  the  gable  in  the  case 
of  roofs  having  a  pitch  of  more  than  20  degrees  with  a  horizontal  plane. 

h.  A  story  is  that  part  of  any  building  comprised  between  any  floor  and  the  floor 
or  roof  next  above. 

i.  A  tenement  house  is  a  building  as  defined  in  the  Tenement  House  Law. 

j.  The  terms  “garage,”  “storage  garage,”  “non-storage  garage,”  “motor  vehicle 
repair  shop”  and  “oil  selling  station”  shall  have  the  meanings  indicated  in  chapter 
10  of  the  Code  of  Ordinances.  (Amended  by  ord.  effective  July  17,  1917.) 

§3.  Application  for  permits. 

1.  For  construction  or  alteration.  Before  the  construction  or  alteration  of  any 
building,  wall  or  structure,  or  any  part  of  either,  or  of  any  platform,  staging  or  floor¬ 
ing  to  be  used  for  standing  or  seating  purposes,  and  before  the  construction  or  alter¬ 
ation  of  the  plumbing  or  drainage  of  any  building,  structure  or  premises  is  commenced, 
the  owner  or  lessee,  or  agent  of  either,  or  the  architect  or  builder  employed  by  such 
owner  or  lessee  in  connection  with  the  proposed  construction  or  alteration,  shall 
submit  to  the  superintendent  of  buildings  a  detailed  statement  in  triplicate  of  the 
specifications  on  appropriate  blanks  to  be  furnished  to  applicants  by  the  bureau  of 
buildings,  and  such  plans  and  structural  detail  drawings  of  the  proposed  work  as  the 
superintendent  of  buildings  may  require.  Such  statement,  constituting  an  application 
for  a  permit  to  construct  or  alter,  shall  be  accompanied  by  a  further  statement  in 
writing,  sworn  to  before  a  notary  public  or  commissioner  of  deeds,  giving  the  full 
name  and  residence  of  each  of  the  owners  of  said  building,  or  proposed  building, 
structure  or  proposed  structure,  premises,  wall,  platform,  staging  or  flooring,  and  by  a 
diagram  of  the  lot  or  plot  on  which  such  construction  or  alteration  is  to  be  made, 
showing  the  exact  location  of  any  proposed  new  construction  and  all  existing  buildings 
or  structures  that  are  to  remain. 

2.  Authorization  of  owner.  If  the  construction,  alteration  or  plumbing  or  drain¬ 
age  or  the  alteration  thereof,  is  to  be  made  or  executed  by  any  other  person  than  the 
owner  of  the  land  in  fee,  the  person  intending  to  make  such  construction  or  altera¬ 
tion,  or  to  construct  such  plumbing  or  drainage,  shall,  either  as  owner,  lessee,  or  in 
any  representative  capacity,  accompany  the  application  to  build  or  alter  with  a  state¬ 
ment  in  writing,  sworn  to  as  aforesaid,  giving  the  full  name  and  residence  of  each 
of  the  owners  of  the  land,  building,  or  proposed  building,  structure  or  proposed 
structure,  premises,  wall,  platform,  staging  or  flooring,  and  reciting  that  he  is  duly 
authorized  to  perform  said  work.  S'uch  statement  may  be  made  by  the  agent  or 
architect  of  the  person  hereinbefore  required  to  make  the  same. 

3.  Notice  to  demolish.  Before  any  existing  building  or  part  of  an  existing  build¬ 
ing  is  demolished,  a  statement  in  writing  on  appropriate  blanks  to  be  furnished  by  the 
bureau  of  buildings,  constituting  a  notice  to  demolish,  shall  be  submitted  to  the  super¬ 
intendent  of  buildings  by  the  owner  or  any  person  authorized  by  the  owner,  giving 
the  full  name  and  residence  of  each  of  the  owners  of  the  building  to  be  demolished, 


46 


BUILDING  CODE. 


the  name  and  business  address  of  the  person  who  is  to  do  the  work  and  such  other 
information  respecting  the  building  as  the  superintendent  of  buildings  may  require. 
Such  notice  shall  be  submitted  not  less  than  48  hours  before  the  work  of  demolition 
is  commenced. 

4.  Place  of  filing.  All  applications,  notices  and  sworn  statements  required  by 
this  section,  and  copies  of  the  approved  plans  shall  be  kept  on  file  in  the  office  of  the 
superintendent  of  buildings.  Applications  shall  be  promptly  docketed  as  received.  For 
purposes  of  identification  and  reference  all  such  papers  shall  be  marked  with  the  block 
and  lot  number  of  the  property  to  which  they  apply,  and  with  the  street  and  house 
number  when  possible. 

5.  Amendments.  Nothing  in  this  chapter  shall  prohibit  the  filing  of  amendments 
to  any  application  at  any  time  before  the  completion  of  the  work  for  which  permit 
was  sought,  and  such  amendments,  after  approval,  shall  be  made  part  of  the  application 
and  filed  as  such. 

6.  Ordinary  repairs  excepted.  Ordinary  repairs  to  buildings  or  structures,  or  to 
the  plumbing  and  drainage  thereof,  may  be  made  without  notice  to  the  superintendent 
of  buildings,  but  such  repairs  shall  not  be  construed  to  include  the  cutting  away  of  any 
wall  or  any  portion  thereof,  the  removal  or  cutting  of  any  beams  or  supports,  or  the 
removal,  change  or  closing  of  any  stairway  or  required  means  of  exit,  or  the  alteration 
of  any  house  sewer,  private  sewer  or  drainage  system,  or  the  construction  of  any 
soil  or  waste  pipe. 

§4.  Permits. 

1.  Approval  of  applications.  It  shall  be  unlawful  to  construct  or  alter  any  build¬ 
ing,  structure,  wall,  platform,  staging  or  flooring,  or  any  part  thereof,  or  any 
plumbing  and  drainage,  until  the  application  and  plans  required  by  §3  of  this  article 
shall  have  been  approved  by  the  superintendent  of  buildings,  and  a  written  permit 
issued  by  him.  The  superintendent  of  buildings  shall  approve  or  reject  any  applica¬ 
tion  or  plan,  or  amendment  thereto,  filed  with  him  pursuant  to  the  provisions  of  this 
article  within  a  reasonable  time  and,  if  approved,  shall  promptly  issue  a  permit  therefor. 

2.  Approval  in  part.  Nothing  in  this  section  shall  be  construed  to  prevent  the 
superintendent  of  buildings  from  approving  and  issuing  a  permit  for  the  construction 
of  part  of  a  building  or  structure,  when  plans  and  detailed  statements  have  been 
presented  for  the  same,  before  the  entire  plans  and  detailed  statements  of  said 
building  or  structure  have  been  submitted  or  approved. 

3.  Signature  to  permit.  Every  permit  issued  by  the  superintendent  of  buildings 
under  the  provisions  of  this  chapter  shall  have  his  signature  affixed  thereto,  but  this 
shall  not  prevent  the  superintendent  from  authorizing  any  subordinate  to  affix  such 
signature. 

4.  Limitations.  Any  permit  issued  by  the  superintendent  of  buildings  under  the 
provisions  of  this  article,  but  under  which  no  work  is  commenced  within  one  year 
from  the  time  of  issuance,  shall  expire  by  limitation. 

5.  Compliance  with  plans.  The  construction  or  alteration  of  any  building,  struc¬ 
ture,  platform,  staging  or  flooring,  or  of  any  plumbing  or  drainage,  shall  be  in 
accordance  with  the  approved  detailed  statement  of  specifications  and  plans,  for 
which  the  permit  was  issued,  or  any  approved  amendment  thereof.  The  superintend¬ 
ent  may  require  a  certified  copy  of  the  approved  plans  to  be  kept  at  all  times  on  the 
premises  from  the  commencement  of  the  work  to  the  completion  thereof. 

6.  Adherence  to  diagram.  The  location  of  any  new  building  or  structure,  or  of 
any  extension  to  an  existing  building  or  structure,  shown  on  the  diagram  filed  as 
required  by  §3  of  this  article,  or  on  any  approved  amendment  thereof,  shall  be-  strictly 
adhered  to.  It  shall  be  unlawful  to  reduce  or  diminish  the  area  of  any  lot  or  plot, 
a  diagram  of  which  has  been  filed  with  an  application  to  construct  or  alter  and 

47 


CHAP .  5,  ART .  1,  SEC.  5. 


has  been  used  as  the  basis  for  a  permit,  unless  the  building  or  structure  for  which 
the  permit  was  issued  complies  in  all  respects  with  the  requirements  of  this  chapter 
for  buildings  or  structures  located  on  plots  of  such  diminished  area,  provided,  how¬ 
ever,  that  this  shall  not  apply  to  any  case  in  which  the  lot  area  is  reduced  by  reason 
of  any  street  opening  or  widening  or  other  public  improvement. 

7.  Revocation.  The  superintendent  of  buildings  may  revoke  any  permit  or  ap¬ 
proval  issued  under  the  provisions  of  this  article,  in  the  case  of  any  false  statement, 
or  any  misrepresentation  as  to  a  material  fact  in  the  application  on  which  the  permit 
or  approval  was  based. 

§5.  Certificate  of  occupancy. 

1.  New  Buildings.  No  building  hereafter  erected  shall  be  occupied  or  used,  in 
whole  or  in  part,  for  any  purpose  whatever  until  a  certificate  of  occupancy  shall 
have  been  issued  by  the  superintendent  of  buildings  certifying  that  such  building  con¬ 
forms  substantially  to  the  approved  plans  and  specifications  and  the  requirements  of 
this  chapter  applying  to  buildings  of  its  class  and  kind. 

2.  Buildings  hereafter  altered.  No  building  hereafter  altered,  which  was  vacant 
during  the  progress  of  the  work  of  alteration,  shall  be  occupied  or  used,  in  whole 
or  in  part,  for  any  purpose  whatever,  until  a  certificate  of  occupancy  shall  have  been 
issued  by  the  superintendent  of  buildings  certifying  that  the  work  for  which  the 
permit  was  issued  has  been  completed  substantially  in  accordance  with  the  approved 
plans  and  specifications  and  the  provisions  of  this  chapter  applying  to  such  an  altera¬ 
tion ;  and  when  the  occupancy  or  use  of  a  building  has  continued  during  the  work 
of  alteration,  the  occupancy  or  use  of  the  building  shall  not  continue  for  more  than 
30  days  after  completion  of  the  alteration  unless  such  certificate  shall  have  been 
issued. 

3.  Existing  buildings.  Nothing  in  this  section  shall  prevent  the  continuance  of 
the  present  occupancy  and  use  of  any  now  existing  building,  except  as  may  be 
specifically  prescribed  by  this  chapter  or  as  may  be  necessary  for  the  safety  of  life 
or  property.  Upon  written  request  from  the  owner,  the  superintendent  of  buildings 
shall  issue  a  certificate  of  occupancy  for  any  now  existing  building,  certifying,  after 
verification  by  inspection,  the  occupancy  or  use  of  such  building,  provided  that  at 
the  time  of  issuing  such  certificate  there  are  no  notices  of  violation,  or  other  notices 
or  orders  pending  in  the  bureau  of  buildings. 

4.  Change  of  occupancy.  No  change  of  occupancy  or  use  shall  be  made  in  any 
building  or  part  thereof,  hereafter  erected  or  altered,  that  is  not  consistent  with  the 
last  issued  certificate  of  occupancy  for  such  building.  In  case  of  any  now  existing 
building,  no  change  of  occupancy  that  would  bring  it  under  some  special  provision 
of  this  chapter,  shall  be  made,  unless  a  certificate  is  issued  by  the  superintendent  of 
buildings  certifying  that  such  building  conforms  to  the  provisions  of  this  chapter 
with  respect  to  buildings  hereafter  altered  for  the  proposed  new  occupancy  and  use. 

5.  Temporary  occupancy.  Upon  request  of  the  owner  or  his  authorized  repre¬ 
sentative,  the  superintendent  of  buildings  shall  issue  a  temporary  certificate  of 
occupancy  for  part  of  a  building,  provided  that  such  temporary  occupancy  or  use 
would  not  in  any  way  jeopardize  life  or  property. 

6.  Contents  of  certificate.  In  addition  to  the  certification  when  required  by  this 
section,  as  to  compliance  with  approved  plans  and  specifications,  and  provisions  of  this 
chapter,  all  certificates  of  occupancy  shall  state  the  purposes  for  which  the  building 
may  be  used  in  its  several  parts,  the  maximum  permissible  live  loads  on  the  several 
floors,  the  number  of  persons  that  may  be  accommodated  in  the  several  stories,  in  case 
such  number  is  limited  by  any  provision  of  this  chapter  or  the  approved  specifications, 
and  all  special  stipulations  of  the  permit,  if  any. 

48 


BUILDING  CODE. 


7.  Issuance  and  filing.  Certificates  of  occupancy  shall  be  issued  within  10  days 
after  written  application  therefor,  if  said  building  at  the  date  of  such  application  shall 
be  entitled  thereto.  A  record  of  all  certificates  shall  be  kept  in  the  bureau  of  buildings 
and  copies  shall  be  furnished,  on  request,  to  any  person  having  a  proprietary  interest 
in  the  building  affected. 

§6.  Modifications. 

In  exercising  his  powers  to  vary  the  provisions  of  this  chapter,  or  any  rule  author¬ 
ized  thereunder,  the  superintendent  of  buildings  shall  proceed  in  accordance  with  the 
provisions  of  the  Greater  New  York  Charter  establishing  that  power.  A  record  of 
all  modifications  shall  be  kept  in  the  bureau  of  buildings,  properly  indexed  and  open 
to  public  inspection  during  business  hours.  All  modifications,  including  the  applicant’s 
petition  for  same  and  the  superintendent’s  reasons  for  granting,  shall  be  published  in 
full  in  the  City  Record  within  2  weeks  after  the  superintendent’s  action,  and  may 
be  cited  as  precedents. 

§7.  Rules. 

1.  Authority  to  adopt  rules.  The  superintendent  of  buildings  shall  have  power 
to  adopt  such  rules  with  respect  to  the  materials  and  mode  of  construction,  consistent 
with  the  provisions  of  this  chapter,  as  may  be  necessary  to  secure  the  intent  and 
purposes  of  this  chapter  and  a  proper  enforcement  of  its  provisions.  For  any  pro¬ 
visions  of  this  chapter  referring  to  the  rules  of  requiring  approval  of  materials  or 
modes  of  construction,  such  superintendent  shall  adopt,  when  this  section  becomes 
effective  or  as  the  necessity  may  arise,  such  rules  as  are  required  or  will  establish 
the  conditions  of  approval.  S'o  far  as  practicable  such  rules  shall  be  uniform  in  all 
the  boroughs. 

2.  Procedure.  No  rule  adopted  by  the  superintendent  of  buildings  shall  become 
effective  until  it  shall  have  been  published  in  the  City  Record  on  eight  successive 
Mondays,  and  until  a  public  hearing  on  the  same  shall  have  been  held,  provided,  how¬ 
ever,  that  said  public  hearing  shall  not  be  necessary  for  the  purposes  of  this  chapter 
unless  a  request  shall  have  been  made  for  such  hearing  during  the  said  period  of 
publication.  Any  rule  adopted  and  promulgated  as  herein  provided  shall  have  the 
same  force  and  effect  as  any  provision  of  this  chapter.  All  rules  heretofore  legally 
promulgated  and  in  force  at  the  time  when  this  section  becomes  effective  shall  continue 
in  force,  provided  they  are  not  inconsistent  with  any  provision  of  this  chapter. 

3.  Amendment  and  repeal.  The  superintendent  of  buildings  may  amend  or  repeal 
any  rule  by  the  same  procedure  prescribed  for  the  adoption  of  new  rules. 

§8.  Approved  materials,  appliances  and  methods  of  construction. 

Whenever  any  materials,  appliances  or  methods  of  construction  have  been  ap¬ 
proved  by  the  superintendent  of  buildings  as  conforming  to  tests  prescribed  by  this 
chapter,  or  to  any  rules  adopted  thereunder,  a  notice  to  that  effect  shall  be  published 
in  the  City  Record,  including  information  as  to  the  conditions  under  which  said 
materials,  appliances  or  methods  of  construction  were  tested  and  approved.  A  list  of 
such  materials,  appliances  and  methods  of  construction  shall  be  kept  on  file  in  the 
bureau  of  buildings,  properly  indexed  and  open  to  public  inspection  during  business 
hours. 

§9.  Seal  of  building  bureau. 

Each  superintendent  of  buildings  may  adopt  a  seal  and  direct  its  use  in  his 
bureau. 

§10.  Right  of  entry  of  officers  and  employees. 

Any  officer  or  employee  of  the  bureau  of  buildings,  so  far  as  it  may  be  necessary 
for  the  performance  of  his  duties,  shall  have  the  right  to  enter  any  building  or 
premises  in  said  city  upon  showing  his  badge  of  office.  (Amended  by  ord.  effective 
Dec.  28,  1915.) 


49 


CHAP.  5 ,  ART.  2,  SECS.  20-22. 


^ARTICLE  2. 

Materials. 


Section  20. 

Quality  of  materials. 

21. 

Weights  of  materials. 

22. 

Tests. 

23. 

Brick. 

24. 

Sand. 

25. 

Lime. 

26. 

Cement. 

27. 

Mortar. 

28. 

Concrete. 

29. 

Hollow  building  blocks. 

30. 

Iron  and  steel. 

31. 

Timber. 

§20.  Quality  of  materials. 

All  building  materials  shall  be  of  a  quality  to  meet  the  intent  of  this  chapter,  and 
shall  conform  to  such  specifications,  consistent  with  the  requirements  of  this  chapter, 
as  may  be  promulgated  by  the  superintendents  of  buildings.  (New.) 

§21.  Weights  of  materials. 

The  weights  of  various  materials  in  pounds  per  cubic  foot  shall  be  assumed  to 


be  as  follows  : 

Brickwork  .  120 

Concrete,  cinder,  used  for  floor  arches  or  slabs .  108 

Concrete,  cinder,  used  for  filling  over  fireproof  floors .  60 

Concrete,  stone  .  144 

Granite,  bluestone  and  marble .  168 

Limestone  . 156 

Sandstone  .  144 

Oak  and  longleaf  yellow  pine .  48 

Spruce,  fir,  hemlock,  white  pine  and  shortleaf  yellow  pine .  30 

(B.  C.,  §135.) 

§22.  Tests. 


1.  When  required.  New  structural  material,  or  structural  material  not  other¬ 
wise  provided  for  in  this  chapter,  shall  be  subjected  to  such  tests  to  determine  its 
character  and  quality,  as  the  superintendent  of  buildings  shall  direct.  Appliances  and 
devices  required  by  any  of  the  provisions  of  this  chapter  and  new  methods  of  con¬ 
struction  shall  be  subjected  to  such  tests  to  determine  their  efficiency,  as  the 
superintendent  of  buildings  may  direct.  Such  tests  as  may  be  required  under  this 
section  shall  be  described  in  rules  promulgated  by  the  superintendent  of  buildings. 
(B.  C,  §20.) 

2.  Tests  of  materials.  All  tests  shall  be  conducted  under  the  supervision  of  the 
superintendent  of  buildings,  or  his  authorized  representative.  Laboratory  tests  shall 
be  conducted  at  a  testing  laboratory  of  recognized  standing.  A  superintendent  of 
buildings  conducting  a  test  under  the  provisions  of  this  section  shall  notify  the  super¬ 
intendents  of  buildings  of  the  other  boroughs  at  least  3  days  in  advance  of  such  test. 
(B.  C.,  §20.) 

3.  Approval.  Any  material,  appliance,  or  method  of  construction  meeting  the 
requirements  of  this  chapter  or  the  specifications  authorized  thereunder  shall  be  ap¬ 
proved  within  a  reasonable  time  after  the  completion  of  the  tests.  All  such  approvals 

*  Amended  by  ord.  adopted  Apr.  20,  1915,  effective  May  1,  1915. 

50 


BUILDING  CODE. 


and  the  conditions  under  which  they  are  issued  shall  be  published  in  the  City  Record 
within  a  month  after  issuance,  and  a  complete  list  of  all  such  approvals  issued  during 
the  year  shall  be  included  in  the  annual  report  of  the  superintendent  of  buildings. 
The  superintendent  of  buildings  may  prohibit  the  use  of  any  material  or  appliance 
failing  to  conform  to  the  requirements  of  this  chapter  or  to  the  rules  adopted  there¬ 
under.  (New.) 

4.  Conditions  attaching  to  approvals.  Materials,  appliances  or  methods  of  con¬ 
struction  which  have  been  tested  and  approved  shall  be  used  and  installed  in  accord¬ 
ance  with  the  terms  of  the  approval.  So  far  as  practicable  all  materials  and  appliances 
for  which  approvals  have  been  issued  shall  have  a  distinctive  brand  mark  for  identifi¬ 
cation  impressed  on  or  otherwise  attached  to  them.  It  shall  be  unlawful  to  use  any 
such  brand  mark  on  any  other  material  or  appliance  than  that  for  which  the  approval 
was  issued.  (New.) 

5.  Additional  tests.  The  superintendent  of  buildings  may  require  any  tests  to 
be  repeated  if  there  is  any  reason  to  believe  that  the  material  or  appliance  is  no  longer 
up  to  the  specifications  on  which  the  approval  was  based.  (New.) 

§23.  Brick. 

The  brick  used  in  the  construction  of  buildings  shall  be  sound,  well  burnt  brick. 
When  old  brick  are  used  in  any  wall  they  shall  be  thoroughly  cleaned  before  being 
used,  and  shall  be  whole  and  good,  hard,  well  burnt  brick.  (B.  C.,  §13.) 

§24.  Sand. 

The  sand  used  for  building  construction  shall  be  clean,  sharp,  coarse  and  silicious. 
(B.  C.,  §14.) 

§25.  Lime. 

Quick  lime  and  hydrated  lime  shall  conform  to  such  specifications  as  may  be  pro¬ 
mulgated  by  the  superintendent  of  buildings,  or,  in  the  absence  of  such  specifications, 
with  the  standard  specifications  of  the  American  Society  for  Testing  Materials. 
(New.) 

§26.  Cement. 

Portland  and  natural  cements  shall  conform  to  such  specifications  as  may  be 
promulgated  by  the  superintendent  of  buildings  in  accordance  with  the  provisions  of 
this  chapter,  or,  in  the  absence  of  such  specifications,  with  the  standard  specifications 
of  the  American  Society  for  Testing  Materials.  (B.  C.,  §16.) 

§27.  Mortar. 

1.  Cement.  Cement  mortar  shall  be  made  of  cement  and  sand  in  the  proportion 
of  1  part  of  cement  and  not  more  than  3  parts  of  sand  by  volume,  or,  in  the  case1  of 
bag  mortars  prepared  under  rules  promulgated  by  the  superintendent  of  buildings,  in 
such  proportions  that  the  tensile  strength  per  square  inch  at  the  age  of  28  days  shall 
be  not  less  than  250  pounds  when  Portland  cement  is  used,  and  125  pounds  when 
natural  cement  is  used.  Cement  mortar  shall  be  thoroughly  mixed  and  shall  be  used 
immediately  after  the  addition  of  water.  Not  more  than  15  per  cent,  of  the  cement 
by  volume  may  be  replaced  by  an  equal  volume  of  lime.  (B.  C,  §16.) 

2.  Cement  and  lime.  Cement-lime  mortar  shall  be  made  of  1  part  of  lime,  1  part 
of  cement  and  not  more  than  3  parts  of  sand  to  each  by  volume.  (B.  C.,  §17.) 

3.  Lime.  Except  as  may  be  otherwise  provided,  lime  mortar  shall  be  made 
of  1  part  of  slaked  lime,  lime  putty  or  dry  hydrated  lime,  and  not  more  than  4  parts 
of  sand  by  volume.  (B.  C.,  §15.) 

§28.  Concrete. 

1.  Mixture.  Except  as  may  be  otherwise  provided  in  this  chapter,  concrete 
shall  be  made  of  1  part  of  cement,  and  not  more  than  2 l/z  parts  of  sand  and  5  parts 
of  coarse  aggregate.  (B.  C.,  §18.) 


51 


CHAP.  5,  ART.  2,  SECS.  29-20. 


2.  Aggregate.  The  coarse  aggregate  shall  be  granite,  trap  rock,  gravel  or  other 
hard,  durable  material  that  may  be  approved  by  a  rule  of  the  superintendent  of 
buildings.  When  gravel  is  used  it  shall  be  thoroughly  washed.  Where  mass  concrete 
is  used,  the  coarse  aggregates  shall  be  of  such  size  as  will  pass  through  a  2-inch 
ring.  All  aggregates  shall  be  free  from  dust  or  other  deleterious  material.  (New.) 

3.  Consistency.  All  concrete  shall  be  a  wet  mixture,  and  shall  be  placed  in 
forms  immediately  after  mixing,  and  well  tamped.  No  concrete  shall  be  used  after 
initial  set  has  begun.  (New.) 

4.  Forms.  All  forms  and  centering  shall  be  built  in  a  substantial  manner,  and 
with  joints  sufficiently  tight  to  prevent  leakage  of  the  cement.  They  shall  be  properly 
supported  and  braced  as  to  safely  sustain  all  the  load  that  may  be  placed  upon  them 
during  construction.  (New.) 

5.  Joints  in  concrete.  Joints  formed  between  portions  of  concrete  placed  at 
different  times  shall  be  made  in  a  manner  not  to  injure  the  completed  structure. 
Before  fresh  concrete  is  joined  to  concrete  which  has  set  or  partially  set,  the  surface 
of  the  old  concrete  shall  be  roughened,  cleaned  and  thoroughly  wet.  (New.) 

6.  '  Precautions  against  freezing.  No  materials  containing  frost  or  that  are 
frozen  shall  be  used.  Precaution  shall  be  taken  to  prevent  concrete  from  freezing. 
After  it  has  been  placed  in  position  a  temperature  above  32  degrees  F.  shall  be  main¬ 
tained,  by  artificial  means  if  necessary,  until  the  concrete  has  its  initial  set.  (New.) 

§29.  Hollow  building  blocks. 

1.  Concrete.  Hollow  building  blocks  of  concrete  shall  be  made  of  Portland 
cement  and  suitable  aggregates  in  such  proportions  as  to  develop,  at  the  age  of  28 
days,  an  ultimate  crushing  strength  per  square  inch  of  gross  area  of  not  less  than  750 
pounds  when  tested  with  the  cells  placed  vertically,  and  300  pounds  when  tested  with 
the  cells  placed  horizontally.  (New.) 

2.  Terra  cotta.  Hollow  building  blocks  of  terra  cotta  shall  be  sound,  hard  and 
well  burnt  and  shall  develop  an  ultimate  crushing  strength  per  square  inch  of  gross 
area  of  not  less  than  1,200  pounds  when  tested  with  the  cells  placed  vertically,  and 
300  pounds  with  the  cells  placed  horizontally.  (New.) 

3.  Absorption.  The  absorption  of  hollow  building  blocks  to  be  used  for  bearing 
or  enclosing  walls  shall  not  exceed  12  per  cent,  in  48  hours  as  an  average,  nor  more 
than  15  per  cent,  in  any  case.  (New.) 

§30.  Iron  and  steel. 

1.  Cast  iron.  Cast  iron  shall  be  of  good  foundry  mixture,  producing  a  clean 
tough,  gray  iron.  It  shall  conform  to  such  specifications  as  may  be  promulgated  by 
the  superintendent  of  buildings,  or,  in  the  absence  of  such  specifications,  to  the 
standard  specifications  of  the  American  Society  for  Testing  Materials  for  medium 
gray  iron  castings.  Castings  shall  be  free  of  serious  blowholes,  cinder  spots  and  cold 
shuts.  (B.  C.  §21.) 

2.  Cast  steel.  Steel  castings  for  building  construction  shall  be  made  of  open 
hearth  steel,  and  shall  be  practically  free  from  blow  holes.  Except  as  may  be  other¬ 
wise  prescribed  by  rules  of  the  superintendent  of  buildings,  they  shall  conform  to 
the  standard  specifications  of  the  American  Society  for  Testing  Materials  for  soft 
or  medium  steel  castings.  (B.  C.,  §21.) 

3.  Structural  steel.  All  structural  steel  for  buildings  shall  have  an  ultimate 
tensile  strength  of  from  55,000  pounds  to  65,000  pounds  per  square  inch.  Rivet  steel 
shall  have  an  ultimate  strength  of  from  46,000  to  56,000  pounds  per  square  inch. 
Except  as  may  be  otherwise  prescribed  by  the  rules  of  the  superintendent  of  buildings, 
steel  shall  conform  to  the  standard  specifications  of  the  American  Society  for  Testing 
Materials  for  structural  steel  for  buildings.  (B.  C.  §21.) 


52 


BUILDING  CODE . 


§31  Timber. 

All  timbers  and  wood  beams  used  in  any  building  shall  be  of  good  sound  material, 
free  from  rot,  large  and  loose  knots,  shakes  or  any  imperfection  whereby  the  strength 
may  be  impaired.  (B.  C.,  §19.) 

^ARTICLE  3. 

Working  Stresses  and  Loads. 

Section  50.  General  provisions. 

51.  Working  stresses. 

52.  Working  stresses  for  columns. 

53.  Loads. 

54.  Wind  pressure. 

55.  Floor  capacities. 

§50.  General  provisions. 

1.  Computations.  The  dimensions  of  the  several  materials  and  the  form  of 
each  construction  to  be  used  in  buildings  shall  be  computed  as  required  in  the  various 
sections  of  this  chapter.  (B.  C.,  §136.) 

2.  Factors  of  safety.  Where  the  unit  stress  of  any  material  is  not  prescribed  in 
this  chapter  the  relation  of  allowable  unit  stress  to  ultimate  strength  shall  be  as  1  to  4 
for  metals,  as  1  to  6  for  timber,  and  as  1  to  10  for  natural  or  artificial  stones  and 
brick  or  stone  masonry.  But  wherever  working  stresses  are  prescribed  in  this  chap¬ 
ter,  the  said  working  stresses  shall  be  used.  (B.  C.,  §137.) 

3.  Temporary  supports.  Every  temporary  support  placed  under  any  building  or 
structure,  or  any  part  thereof,  during  the  erection,  finishing,  alteration,  or  repairing 
of  such  building  or  structure  or  any  part  thereof,  shall  be  of  sufficient  strength 
safely  to  carry  the  load  to  be  placed  thereon.  (B.  C.,  §133.) 

§51.  Working  stresses. 

1.  Safe  carrying  capacity.  The  safe  carrying  capacity  of  the  various  materials 
of  construction,  except  in  the  case  of  columns,  shall  be  determined  by  the  working 
stresses  in  pounds  per  square  inch  specified  in  this  section.  Unless  otherwise  indi¬ 
cated,  net  sectional  areas  shall  be  used  in  determining  the  safe  carrying  capacity. 


2.  Iron  and  steel,  (a)  In  compression. 

Rolled  steel  .  16,000, 

Cast  steel  .  16,000, 

Cast  iron  .  16,000, 

Steel  pins  in  bearing  .  24,000, 

Steel  rivets,  shop  or  power  driven,  in  bearing .  24,000, 

Steel  field  rivets,  hand  driven,  in  bearing .  16,000, 

Steel  field  bolts,  in  bearing  .  12,000, 

(b)  In  tension. 

Rolled  steel  .  16,000, 

Cast  steel  .  16,000, 

Cast  iron  .  3,000, 

(c)  In  shear. 

Steel  web  plates  .  10,000, 

Steel  pins  and  shop  or  power  driven  rivets . 12,000, 

Steel  field  rivets,  hand  driven  .  8,000, 

Steel  field  bolts  .  7,000, 

Cast  iron  .  3,000, 


*Amended  by  ord.  adopted  Apr.  20,  1915,  effective  May  1,  1915. 

53 


CHAP.  5,  ART.  3,  SEC.  51. 


(d)  In  bending,  extreme  fibre. 

Rolled  steel  beams  and  riveted  steel  beams .  16,000, 

Rolled  steel  pins,  rivets  or  bolts  .  20,000, 

Cast  iron,  compression  side  .  16,000, 

Cast  iron,  tension  side  .  *  3,U00, 


3.  Timber,  (a)  In  compression. 

Oak  . 

Yellow  pine,  longleaf  . 

Spruce  and  Douglas  fir. . 

*  White  pine,  shortleaf  yellow  pine,  N.  C.  pine  and  fir 

Locust  . . 

Hemlock  . 


with  grain  1,400,  across  grain  1,000, 
with  grain  1,600,  across  grain  1,000, 
with  grain  1,200,  across  grain  800, 
with  grain  1,000,  across  grain  800, 
with  grain  1,200,  across  grain  1,000, 
with  grain  800,  across  grain  800, 


(b)  In  tension. 

Oak  .  1,200, 

Yellow  pine,  longleaf  .  1,200, 

Shortleaf  yellow  pine  .  900, 

Douglas  fir  . 800, 

.  Spruce  and  fir  .  800, 

White  pine  .  700, 

Hemlock  .  600, 


(c)  In  shear. 

Oak  . 

Yellow  pine,  longleaf  . 

Shortleaf  yellow  pine,  N.  C.  pine,  Douglas  fir 

White  pine,  spruce  and  fir . 

Hemlock  . 

(d)  In  bending,  extreme  fibre. 

Oak  . 

Yellow  pine,  longleaf . 

Douglas  fir,  white  pine  and  spruce . 

Shortleaf  yellow  pine,  N.  C.  pine . 

Hemlock . . . . 


with  grain  200,  across  grain  1,000, 

with  grain  150,  across  grain  1,000, 

with  grain  100,  across  grain  1,000, 

with  grain  100,  across  grain  500, 

with  grain  100,  across  grain  600, 

.  1,200, 

.  1,600, 

. ■ .  1,200, 

.  1,000, 

.  800, 


4.  Stone,  in  compression. 

Granite  . 1,000, 

Greenwich  stone  .  1,200, 

Gneiss  .  1,000, 

Limestone  . 700, 

Marble  .  600, 

Sandstone  . 400, 

Bluestone,  North  River  . 2,000, 

Slate  .  1,000, 

5.  Masonry  in  compression. 

Grout,  neat  Portland  cement .  1,000, 

Grout,  neat  natural  cement .  500, 

Concrete,  Portland  cement,  1:2:4 .  500, 

Concrete,  Portland  cement,  1 :2l4  :5 .  400, 

Concrete,  natural  cement,  1:2:4 .  210, 

Concrete,  natural  cement,  \:2y2:S. .  150r 

Brick  work  in  Portland  cement  mortar .  250, 


54 


BUILDING  CODE. 


Brick  work  in  natural  cement  mortar .  210, 

Brick  work  in  lime-cement  mortar .  160, 

Brick  work  in  lime  mortar .  110, 

Rubble  stone  work  in  Portland  cement  mortar .  140, 

Rubble  stone  work  in  natural  cement  mortar .  1  110, 

Rubble  stone  work  in  lime-cement  mortar .  100, 

Ashlar  masonry,  other  than  sandstone .  600, 

Sandstone  ashlar  masonry  .  300, 

Hollow  building  blocks  in  cement  mortar  : 

terra  cotta,  cells  vertical,  gross  area .  100, 

terra  cotta,  cells  horizontal,  gross  area .  50, 

concrete,  cells  vertical,  gro«s  area .  75, 

concrete,  cells  horizontal,  gross  area .  30, 

when  filled  with  1 :3  :6  concrete  or  better . . .  150. 

(B.  C.,  §139.) 

§52.  Working  stresses  for  columns. 


1.  General.  In  columns  or  compression  members  with  flat  ends,  of  cast  iron, 
steel  or  wood,  the  stresses  shall  not  exceed  those  specified  in  this  section  for  the 
respective  ratios  of  slenderness.  For  intermediate  ratios  of  slenderness  the  working 
stresses  shall  be  proportionate  to  those  given.  (B.  C.,  §138.) 

2.  Unsupported  lengths.  Columns  and  compression  members  shall  not  be  used 
having  an  unsupported  length  of  greater  ratios  than  given  in  this  section.  (B.  C., 
§138.) 

3.  Eccentrically  loaded  columns.  Any  column  eccentrically  loaded  shall  have 
the  stresses  caused  by  such  eccentricity  computed,  and  the  combined  stresses  resulting 
from  such  eccentricity  at  any  part  of  the  column,  added  to  all  other  stresses  at  that 
part,  shall  in  no  case  exceed  the  working  stresses  given  in  this  section.  The  eccentric 
load  of  a  column  may  be  considered  to  be  distributed  equally  over  the  entire  area 
of  that  column  at  the  next  point  below  that  at  which  the  column  is  securely  braced 
laterally  in  the  direction  of  the  eccentricity.  (B.  C.,  §138.) 

4.  Cast  iron  and  steel  columns.  The  working  stresses  in  pounds  per  square  inch 
of  cross  section  for  cast  iron  and  steel  columns  shall  be,  when  the  length  divided  by 
the  least  radius  of  gyration  equals 


120 .  7,600  for  steel, 

110 .  8,300  for  steel, 

100 .  9,000  for  steel, 

90 .  9,700  for  steel, 

80 .  10,400  for  steel, 

70 .  6,200  for  cast  iron,  11  100  for  steel, 

60  .  6,600  for  cast  iron,  11,800  for  steel, 

SO .  7,000  for  cast  iron,  12,500  for  steel, 

40 .  7,400  for  cast  iron,  13,200  for  steel, 

30 .  7,800  for  cast  iron,  13,900  for  steel, 

20 . 8,200  for  cast  iron,  14,600  for  steel, 

10 .  8,600  for  cast  iron,  15,300  for  steel. 

(B.  C,  §138). 


5.  Wood  columns.  The  working  stresses  in  pounds  per  square  inch  of  cross 
section  for  wood  posts  and  columns  shall  be,  when  the  length  divided  by  least  side 
or  diameter  equals. 


30  .  600  for  longleaf  yellow  pine,  390  for  spruce, 

25 .  700  for  longleaf  yellow  pine,  475  fox  spruce, 

20 .  800  for  longleaf  yellow  pine,  560  for  spruce, 

55 


CHAP.  5,  ART.  3,  SEC.  53. 


15 .  900  for  longleaf  yellow  pine,  645  for  spruce, 

12 .  960  for  longleaf  yellow  pine,  696  for  spruce, 

10 .  1,000  for  longleaf  yellow  pine,  730  for  spruce. 


For  columns  of  shortleaf  yellow  pine,  N.  C.  pine  or  Douglas  fir  the  working 
stresses  shall  not  exceed  three-fourths  of  the  corresponding  values  given  for  longleaf 
yellow  pine ;  for  columns  of  white  pine  or  fir  the  working  stresses  shall  be  taken  the 
same  as  for  spruce ;  for  columns  of  white  oak  the  working  stresses  shall  be  taken  the 
same  as  for  longleaf  yellow  pine.  (B.  C.,  §138.) 

$53.  Loads. 

1.  Dead  load.  The  term  “dead  load”  means  the  weight  of  walls,  partitions, 
framing,  floors,  roofs  and  all  permanent  construction  entering  into  any  building. 
(Amended  by  ord.  effective  June  22,  1915.) 

2.  Live  load.  The  term  “live  load”  means  all  forms  of  loading  other  than  the 
weight  of  the  material  entering  into  the  construction  of  the  building. 

3.  floor  loads.  Every  floor,  roof,  yard,  court  or  sidewalk  shall  be  of  sufficient 
strength  in  all.  parts  to  bear  safely  any  imposed  loads,  whether  permanent  or  tem¬ 
porary.  in  addition  to  the  dead  loads  depending  thereon,  provided,  however,  that  no 
floor  in  any  building  or  extension  to  an  existing  building  hereafter  erected,  shall  be 
designed  to  carry  less  than  the  following  live  loads  per  square  foot  of  area,  uniformly 
distributed  according  as  the  floor  may  be  intended  or  used  for  the  purpose  indicated, 

40  pounds  for  residence  purposes, 

100  pounds  for  places  of  assembly  or  public  purpose,  except  that  for  classrooms 
of  schools  or  other  places  of  instruction  the  floor  need  not  be  designed  for  more  than 
75  pounds,  and 

120  pounds  for  any  other  purpose,  except  that  the  floors  of  offices  need  not  be 
designed  for  more  than  60  pounds. 

The  live  loads  for  which  any  and  every  floor  may  be  designed  shall  be  clearly 
shown  in  the  application  and  on  the  plans  before  any  permit  to  erect  is  issued. 

4.  Concentrated  loads.  Every  steel  floor  beam  in  any  building  hereafter  erected 
used  for  any  business  purpose  shall  be  capable  of  sustaining  a  live  load  concentrated 
at  its  centre  of  at  least  4,000  pounds. 

5.  Moving  loads.  Running  machinery  or  other  moving  loads  shall  be  considered 
as  increasing  the  live  loads  in  proportion  to  the  degree  of  vibratory  impulse  trans¬ 
mitted  to  the  floor. 

6.  Roof  loads.  Every  roof  hereafter  erected  shall  be  proportioned  to  bear  safely 
a  live  load  of  40  pounds  per  square  foot  of  surface  when  the  pitch  of  such  roof  is 
20  degrees  or  less,  with  the  horizontal,  and  30  pounds  per  square  foot  measured  on 
a  horizontal  plane,  when  the  pitch  is  more  than  20  degrees. 

7.  Loads  on  vertical  supports.  Every  column,  post  or  other  vertical  support 
shall  be  of  sufficient  strength  to  bear  safely  the  combined  live  and  dead  loads  of  such 
portions  of  each  and  every  floor  as  depend  upon  it  for  support,  except  that  in  build¬ 
ings  more  than  5  stories  in  height  the  live  load  on  the  floor  next  below  the  top  floor 
may  be  assumed  at  95  per  cent,  of  the  allowable  live  load,  on  the  next  lower  floor 
at  90  per  cent,  and  on  each  succeeding  lower  floor  at  correspondingly  decreasing 
percentages,  provided  that  in  no  case  shall  less  than  50  per  cent,  of  the  allowable  live 
load  be  assumed. 

8.  Sidewalk  loads.  For  sidewalks  between  the  curb  and  building  lines,  the  live 
load  shall  be  taken  at  300  pounds  per  square  foot. 

9.  Yard  and  court  loads.  For  yards  and  courts  inside  the  building  line,  the  live 
loads  shall  be  taken  at  not  less  than  120  pounds  per  square  foot. 

(B.  C.,  §130.) 


56 


BUILDING  CODE . 


§54.  Wind  pressure. 

1.  When  considered.  All  buildings  over  150  feet  in  height  and  all  buildings  or 
parts  of  buildings  in  which  the  height  is  more  than  4  times  the  minimum  hori¬ 
zontal  dimension,  shall  be  designed  to  resist  a  horizontal  wind  pressure  of  30  pounds 
for  every  square  foot  of  exposed  surface  measured  from  the  ground  to  the  top  of 
the  structure,  including  roof,  allowing  for  wind  in  any  direction. 

2.  Stability.  The  overturning  moment  due  to  wind  pressure  shall  not  exceed  75 
per  cent,  of  the  moment  of  stability  of  the  structure,  unless  the  structure  is  securely 
anchored  to  the  foundation.  Anchors  shall  be  of  sufficient  strength  to  safely  carry 
the  excess  overturning  moment,  without  exceeding  the  working  stresses  prescribed  in 
-this  chapter. 

3.  Allowable  stresses.  When  the  stress  in  any  member  due  to  wind  does  not 
exceed  50  per  cent,  of  the  stress  due  to  live  and  dead  loads,  it  may  be  neglected.  When 
such  stress  exceeds  50  per  cent,  of  the  stress  due  to  live  and  dead  loads,  the  working 
stresses  prescribed  in  this  chapter  may  be  increased  by  50  per  cent,  in  designing  such 
members  to  resist  the  combined  stresses. 

(B.  C,  §140.) 

§55.  Floor  capacities. 

1.  Estimate  of  floor  capacity.  In  every  building  now  existing  or  hereafter 
erected,  occupied  wholly  or  in  part  as  a  business  building,  in  which  heavy  materials 
are  kept  or  stored,  or  machinery  is  introduced,  the  weight  that  each  floor  will  safely 
sustain  shall  be  estimated  by  the  owner  or  occupant,  or  by  a  competent  person  employed 
by  the  owner  or  occupant.  Such  estimate  shall  be  filed  with  the  superintendent  of 
buildings,  properly  verified  by  the  person  making  the  same  in  such  manner  as  such 
superintendent  may  direct,  and  shall  give  full  information  on  which  the  estimate  is 
based.  When  such  estimate  is  found  to  be  satisfactory  and  correct,  the  superintendent 
of  buildings  shall  approve  the  same.  If  the  superintendent  of  buildings  shall  have 
cause  to  doubt  the  correctness  of  said  estimate,  he  is  empowered  to  revise  and  correct 
the  same  and  for  the  purpose  of  such  revision  the  officers  and  employees  of  the 
bureau  of  buildings  may  enter  any  building  and  remove  so  much  of  any  floor  or  other 
portion  thereof  as  may  be  required  to  make  necessary  measurements  and  examination. 
Any  expense  necessarily  incurred  in  removing  any  floor  or  other  portion  of  any  build¬ 
ing  for  the  purpose  of  making  any  examination  herein  provided  for  shall  be  paid  by 
the  comptroller,  upon  the  requisition  of  the  superintendent  of  buildings,  out  of  the 
fund  paid  over  to  him  under  the  provisions  of  §639  of  this  chapter.  Such  expenses 
shall  be  a  charge  against  the  person  or  persons  by  whom  or  on  whose  behalf  said  esti¬ 
mate  was  made,  provided  such  examination  proves  the  floors  of  insufficient  strength 
to  carry  with  safety  the  loads  found  upon  them  when  such  examination  was  made ; 
and  shall  be  collected  in  an  action  to  be  brought  by  the  corporation  counsel  against 
said  person  or  persons,  and  the  sum  so  collected  shall  be  paid  over  to  the  comptroller, 
to  be  deposited  in  said  fund  in  reimbursement  of  the  amount  paid  as  aforesaid. 

2.  Posting  floor  capacities.  Before  any  building  hereafter  erected  is  occupied, 
in  whole  or  in  part,  as  a  business  building,  and  before  any  building  already  erected 
but  not  heretofore  occupied  as  a  business  building  is  occupied  or  used,  in  whole  or 
in  part,  for  such  purpose,  the  safe  live  load  for  each  floor  as  approved  by  the  superin¬ 
tendent  of  buildings  shall  be  posted  in  a  conspicuous  place  in  the  story  to  which  it 
relates.  When  the  safe  live  load  for  any  existing  floor,  ascertained  as  hereinbefore 
provided,  has  been  approved  by  the  superintendent  of  buildings,  the  owner  or  occu¬ 
pant  shall  post  such  approved  live  load  in  a  conspicuous  place  or  places  on  each  story 
-occupied  for  any  of  the  purposes  indicated  in  this  section. 

3.  Loading  of  floors.  No  person  shall  place,  or  cause  or  permit  to  be  placed,  on 
any  floor  of  any  building  any  greater  load  than  the  approved  safe  load. 


57 


CHAP.  5,  ART.  4,  SECS.  70,  71. 


4.  Safes.  No  safe  shall  be  placed  on  a  stair  landing  or  in  a  stair  hall,  nor  shall 
its  weight  be  carried  by  any  beam  which  also  carries  the  floor  of  any  landing  or  stair 
hall. 

(B.  C.,  §132.) 


^ARTICLE  4. 


Section  70. 

71. 

72. 

73. 

74. 


Classification  of  Buildings. 

Occupancy. 

Construction. 

When  buildings  are  required  to  be  fireproof. 
When  buildings  may  be  non-fireproof. 
One-story  special  buildings. 


§70.  Occupancy. 

1.  Classes  designated.  For  the  purposes  of  this  chapter,  all  buildings  or  struc¬ 
tures  shall  be  classified,  with  respect  to  occupancy  and  use,  as  public  buildings,  resh 
dence  buildings  and  business  buildings,  as  hereinafter  specified  and  defined. 

2.  Public  buildings.  Public  building  are  buildings  or  parts  of  buildings  in  which 
persons  congregate  for  civic,  political,  educational,  religious  or  recreational  purposes, 
or  in  which  persons  are  harbored  to  receive  medical,  charitable  or  other  care  or  treat¬ 
ment,  or  in  which  persons  are  held  or  detained  by  reason  of  public  or  civic  duty,  or 
for  correctional  purposes,  including  among  others,  court  houses,  schools,  colleges, 
libraries,  museums,  exhibition  buildings,  lecture  halls,  churches,  assembly  halls,  lodge 
rooms,  dance  halls,  theatres,  bath  houses,  hospitals,  asylums,  armories,  fire  houses, 
police  stations,  jails  and  passenger  depots. 

3.  Residence  buildings.  Residence  buildings  are  buildings  or  parts  of  buildings 
in  which  sleeping  accommodations  are  provided,  except  such  as  may  for  other  reasons 
be  classed  as  public  buildings,  including  among  others,  dwellings,  tenement  houses, 
hotels,  lodging  houses,  dormitories,  convents,  and  studios  and  club  houses  having  sleep¬ 
ing  accommodations. 

4.  Business  buildings.  Business  buildings  are  buildings  or  parts  of  buildings, 
which  are  not  public  buildings  or  residence  buildings,  including  among  others,  office 
buildings,  stores,  markets,  restaurants,  warehouses,  freight  depots,  car  barns,  stables, 
garages,  factories,  laboratories,  smoke  houses,  grain  elevators  and  coal  pockets. 

5.  Doubtful  classification.  In  case  any  building  is  not  specifically  provided  for, 
or  where  there  is  any  uncertainty  as  to  its  classification,  its  status  shall  be  fixed  by  a 
rule  promulgated  by  the  superintendent  of  buildings. 

6.  Mixed  occupancy.  In  case  a  building  is  occupied  or  used  for  different  pur¬ 
poses  in  different  parts,  the  provisions  of  this  chapter  applying  to  each  class  of  occu¬ 
pancy  shall  apply  to  such  parts  6f  the  building  as  come  within  that  class  ;  and  if  there 
should  be  conflicting  provisions,  the  requirements  securing  the  greater  safety  shall 
apply. 

§71.  Construction. 

1.  Classes  of  construction.  For  the  purposes  of  this  chapter  all  buildings  or  struc¬ 
tures  shall  be  classified,  with  respect  to  construction,  as  fireproof,  non-fireproof  and 
frame. 

2.  Fireproof.  Fireproof  buildings  or  structures  are  those  which  are  constructed 
throughout  of  materials  that  will  resist  the  action  of  fire  and  are  constructed  as- 
required  in  article  17  of  this  chapter. 

3.  Non-fireproof.  Non-fireproof  buildings  or  structures  are  those  which  do  not 
conform  to  the  requirements  for  fireproof  buildings  or  structures,  but  which  are* 
enclosed  with  walls  of  approved  masonry  or  reinforced  concrete. 

*Added  by  ord.  adopted  June  8,  1915,  effective  September  1,  1915. 


58 


BUILDING  CODE. 


4.  Frame.  Frame  buildings  or  structures  are  those  of  which  the  exterior  walls 
or  any  parts  thereof  are  of  wood,  or  which  do  not  conform  to  the  requirements  for 
fireproof  or  non-fireproof  buildings. 

§72.  When  buildings  are  required  to  be  fireproof. 

1.  New  buildings.  Every  building  hereafter  erected  shall  be  a  fireproof  building, 
as  follows : 

a.  Every  public  building  over  20  feet  high,  in  which  persons  are  harbored  to 
receive  medical,  charitable  or  other  care  or  treatment,  or  in  which  persons  are  held 
or  detained  under  legal  restraint; 

b.  every  other  public  building  over  40  feet  in  height,  or  exceeding  5,000  square 
feet  in  area; 

c.  every  residence  building,  except  tenements,  over  40  feet  in  height  and  having 
more  than  15  sleeping  rooms ; 

d.  every  tenement  house  exceeding  6  stories  or  parts  of  stories  as  provided 
in  the  Tenement  House  Law; 

e.  every  residence  building  having  more  than  15  sleeping  rooms  and  exceeding 
2,500  square  feet  in  area,  unless  divided  by  interior  partition  walls  of  approved 
masonry  or  reinforced  concrete  into  sections  of  less  than  2,500  square  feet  area; 

f.  every  other  residence  building  over  75  feet  in  height; 

g.  Every  business  building  exceeding  fifty  feet  in  height,  used  as  a  garage, 

motor  vehicle  repair  shop  or  oil  selling  station  within  the  fire  limits  or  the  suburban 

limits;  (Amended  by  ord.  effective  July  17,  1917.) 

h.  (Par.  repealed  by  ord.  effective  July  17,  1917.) 

i.  every  building  over  4  stories  in  height  used  as  a  factory  as  defined  in  the 
Labor  Law ; 

j.  every  building  or  structure  within  the  fire  limits  or  the  suburban  limits  used  as 
a  grain  elevator  or  a  coal  pocket; 

k.  every  business  building  over  75  feet  in  height ; 

l.  every  business  building  within  the  fire  limits  or  the  suburban  limits  which 

exceeds  an  area  of  7,500  square  feet  when  located  on  an  interior  lot  or  when  facing 

on  only  one  street,  or  12,000  square  feet  when  facing  on  2  streets,  or  15,000  square 
feet  when  facing  on  3  or  more  streets,  provided  that  when  any  such  building  is 
equipped  throughout  with  an  approved  system  of  automatic  sprinklers,  fireproof  con¬ 
struction  shall  be  required  only  when  the  areas  exceed  double  those  herein  specified  for 
the  respective  conditions,  and  provided  also  that  when  any  such  buildings  is  divided  by 
approved  interior  fire  walls,  fireproof  construction  shall  be  required  only  when  any 
undivided  area  exceeds  7,500  square  feet.  Buildings  of  greater  areas  than  herein  speci¬ 
fied  for  the  respective  conditions  may,  considering  location  and  purpose,  be  constructed 
non-fireproof  by  special  permission  of  the  superintendent  of  buildings,  provided  they 
do  not  exceed  2  stories  in  height. 

2.  Alterations,  a.  By  extending.  When  any  building  now  existing  is  to  be 
enlarged  by  extending  it  on  any  side  so  that  the  enlarged  building  would  exceed  the 
limits  of  height  or  area  specified  in  subdivision  1  of  this  section  for  a  new  building, 
the  extension  or  enlargement  shall  be  constructed  fireproof,  provided  that,  in  case  the 
existing  building  is  not  of  fireproof  construction,  the  existing  and  new  portions  of 
the  building  shall  be  separated  by  fire  walls. 

b.  By  raising  in  height.  No  building  now  existing  shall  be  raised  in  height  so  as 
to  exceed  the  limits  of  height  specified  in  subdivision  1  of  this  section  unless  it  is 
fireproof. 


59 


CHAP.  5,  ARTS.  4,  5 ,  SECS.  73-90. 


§73.  When  buildings  may  be  non=fireproof. 

1.  New  buildings.  Except  when  required  by  this  article  to  be  fireproof,  or  when 
permitted  by  article  5  or  article  22  of  this  chapter  to  be  frame,  any  building  hereafter 
erected  may  be  non-fireproof. 

2.  Alterations.  Except  when  required  by  this  article  to  be  fireproof,  or  when 
permitted  by  article  5  or  article  30  of  this  chapter  to  be  frame,  any  building  which  shall 
hereafter  be  enlarged  in  any  manner,  may  be  non-fireproof. 

3.  Special  fire  protection.  In  all  non-fireproof  buildings  hereafter  erected  or 
hereafter  altered  or  converted  to  be  used  as  garages,  motor  vehicle  repair  shops  or 
oil  selling  stations  the  columns  and  girders,  unless  of  fireproof  construction,  and 
all  wood  floor  and  roof  construction  shall  be  covered  and  protected  on  all  sides  with 
such  fire  retarding  materials  and  in  such  manner  as  may  be  prescribed  by  the  rules 
of  the  Board  of  Standards  and  Appeals,  except  that  when  such  buildings  are  not 
more  than  one  story  high,  without  basement  or  cellar,  such  protection  shall  not  be 
required  for  the  roof  construction. 

Existing  non-fireproof  buildings  heretofore  occupied  as  garages,  motor  vehicle 
repairs  shops  or  oil  selling  stations  shall  not  be  required  to  comply  with  the  pro¬ 
visions  of  this  sub-division,  except  as  may  be  specifically  provided  in  rules  here¬ 
after  adopted  by  the  Board  of  Standards  and  Appeals.  (Added  by  ord.  effective 
July  17,  1917.) 

§74.  One=story  special  buildings. 

Nothing  in  this  article  shall  prohibit  the  use  of  sheet  metal  not  less  than  No. 
26  gauge  in  thickness,  or  other  approved  incombustible,  weatherproof  material  of 
such  character  and  thickness  as  may  be  prescribed  by  rules  of  the  Board  of  Stand¬ 
ards  and  Appeals,  for  the  exterior  walls  of  any  building,  irrespective  of  occupancy 
or  location,  except  when  otherwise  specifically  prescribed  by  this  chapter ;  provided 
that  such  building  is  not  more  than  one  story  high  above  the  curb  or  the  surround¬ 
ing  ground  level,  and  that  all  sides,  except  for  necessary  window  and  door  openings, 
and  the  roofs  of  such  buildings  are  of  the  same  material  and  construction,  and 
provided  further  that  the  area  does  not  exceed  1,250  square  feet,  and  the  side  walls 
15  feet  in  height.  (Added  by  ord.  effective  May  15,  1917.) 


ARTICLE  5. 


Section  90. 

91. 

92. 

93. 

94. 

95. 

96. 


Restricted  Areas. 

Fire  limits. 

Suburban  limits. 

Enlarging  buildings. 

Repair  of  damaged  buildings. 
Moving  buildings. 

Buildings  in  process  of  construction 
Frame  buildings  permitted. 


§90.  Fire  limits. 

Except  as  otherwise  specifically  provided  in  this  chapter,  or  as  the  same  may  be 
amended  from  time  to  time,  no  frame,  wood  or  other  combustible  structure  shall  be 
hereafter  built  in  the  city  within  the  following  limits  hereinafter  referred  to  as  the 
fire  limits  and  no  person  shall  maintain,  occupy  or  use  any  such  structure  erected  in 
violation  of  any  provision  of  this  ordinance : 

1.  In  the  borough  of  Manhattan:  Beginning  at  a  point  on  the  North  river  at  the 
Battery,  and  running  thence  northerly  along  the  pierhead  line  to  a  point  100  feet  north 
of  the  northerly  side  of  Dyckman  street;  thence  running  easterly  100  feet  north  of 
and  parallel  to  the  northerly  side  of  Dyckman  street  to  a  point  100  feet  west  of  the 

60 


BUILDING  CODE. 


westerly  side  of  Seaman  avenue;  thence  running  northerly  100  feet  west  of  and  parallel 
to  the  westerly  side  of  Seaman  avenue  to  a  point  100  feet  south  of  the  southerly  side 
of  W.  215th  st. ;  thence  running  easterly  100  feet  south  of  and  parallel  to  the  southerly 
side  of  W.  215th  st.,  to  a  point  100  feet  west  of  the  westerly  side  of  Broadway  ;  thence 
running  northerly  100  feet  west  of  and  parallel  to  the  westerly  side  of  Broadway  to 
the  bulkhead  line  of  the  Harlem  ship  canal;  thence  easterly  and  southerly  along  the 
bulkhead  line  of  the  Harlem  ship  canal  ard  the  Harlem  river  to  the  Bronx  kills; 
thence  easterly  along  the  bulkhead  line  of  the  Bronx  kills  to  the  East  river;  thence 
southerly  along  the  East  river  to  the  east  of  Randalls,  Wards  and  Blackwells  islands 
and  along  the  pierhead  line  of  the  East  river  to  the  North  river,  at  the  place  of  begin¬ 
ning.  (Ord.  approced  Aug.  14,  1914.) 

2.  In  the  borough  of  the  Bronx:  a.  Beginning  at  a  point  on  the  eastern  bulkhead 
line  of  the  Harlem  river  at  the  intersection  with  the  centre  line  of  Washington  bridge, 
thence  running  easterly  along  the  centre  line  of  Washington  bridge  to  Aqueduct  ave., 
thence  running  northerly  along  the  centre  line  of  Aqueduct  ave.  to  Featherbed  lane, 
thence  running  northeasterly  along  the  centre  line  of  Featherbed  lane  to  Macombs  road, 
thence  running  southerly  along  the  centre  line  of  Macombs  road  to  174th  st.,  thence 
running  easterly  along  the  centre  line  of  174th  st.  to  a  point  100  feet  west  of  the  west¬ 
erly  side  of  Jerome  ave.,  thence  running  northerly  100  feet  west  of  and  parallel  to  the 
westerly  side  of  Jerome  ave.  to  Woodlawn  road,  thence  running  southeasterly  along 
the  centre  line  of  Woodlawn  road  to  a  point  100  feet  east  of  the  easterly  side  of  Jerome 
ave.,  thence  running  southerly  100  feet  east  of  and  parallel  to  the  easterly  side  of 
Jerome  ave.,  to  E.  174th  st.,  thence  running  easterly  along  the  centre  line  of  E.  174th  st. 
to  a  point  100  feet  west  of  the  westerly  side  of  Webster  ave.,  thence  running  northerly 
100  feet  west  of  and  parallel  to  the  westerly  side  of  Webster  ave.  to  a  point  100  feet 
north  of  the  northerly  side  of  Gun  Hill  road,  thence  running  easterly  100  feet  north 
of  and  parallel  to  the  northerly  side  of  Gun  Hill  road  to  a  point  100  feet  west  of  the 
westerly  side  of  White  Plains  roa  1,  thence  running  southerly  across  Gun  Hill  road  to 
a  point  100  feet  south  of  the  southerly  side  of  Gun  Hill  road,  thence  running  westerly 
100  feet  south  of  and  parallel  to  the  southerly  side  of  Gun  Hill  road  to  the  westerly 
line  of  the  right  of  way  of  the  New  York  and  Harlem  railroad,  thence  running  south¬ 
erly  along  the  westerly  line  of  the  right  of  way  of  the  New  York  and  Harlem  railroad 
to  a  point  100  feet  north  of  the  northerly  side  of  Fordham  road,  thence  running  easterly 
100  feet  north  of  and  parallel  to  the  northerly  side  of  Fordham  road  to  the  westerly 
boundary  of  Bronx  park,  thence  running  southerly  along  the  westerly  boundary  and 
easterly  along  the  southerly  boundary  of  Bronx  park  to  the  Bronx  river,  thence  run¬ 
ning  southerly  along  the  centre  line  of  the  Bronx  river  to  a  point  100  feet  north  of 
the  northerly  side  of  Walker  ave.,  thence  running  easterly  100  feet  north  of  and  par¬ 
allel  to  the  northerly  side  of  Walker  ave.  to  a  point  100  feet  west  of  the  westerly  side 
of  Morris  Park  ave.,  thence  running  northeasterly  100  feet  northwest  of  and  parallel 
to  the  northwesterly  side  of  Morris  Park  ave.  to  a  point  100  feet  west  of  the  westerly 
side  of  White  Plains  road,  thence  running  northerly  100  feet  west  of  and  parallel  to  the 
westerly  side  of  White  Plains  road  to  the  northerly  boundary  line  of  the  city, 
thence  running  easterly  along  said  boundary  line  to  a  point  100  feet  east  of  the 
easterly  side  of  White  Plains  road,  thence  running  southerly  100  feet  east  of  and 
parallel  to  the  easterly  side  of  White  Plains  road  to  a  point  100  feet  south  of  the 
southerly  side  of  Morris  Park  ave.,  thence  running  southwesterly  100  feet  southeast 
of  and  parallel  to  the  southeasterly  side  of  Morris  Park  ave.  to  a  point  100  feet  south 
of  the  southerly  side  of  Walker  ave.,  thence  running  westerly  100  feet  south  of  and 
parallel  to  the  southerly  side  of  Walker  ave.  to  the  Bronx  river,  thence  running  south¬ 
erly  along  the  centre  line  of  the  Bronx  river  to  a  point  100  feet  north  of  the  northerly 
side  of  Westchester  ave.,  thence  running  easterly  100  feet  north  of  and  parallel  to  the 
northerly  side  of  Westchester  ave,  to  the  Eastern  boulevard,  thence  running  southerly 

61 


CHAP.  5,  ART .  5,  SEC.  90. 


across  Westchester  ave.  to  a  point  100  feet  south  of  the  southerly  side  of  Westchester 
ave.,  thence  running  westerly  100  feet  south  of  and  parallel  to  the  southerly  side  of 
Westchester  ave.  to  the  Bronx  river,  thence  running  southerly  along  the  centre  line 
of  the  Bronx  river  to  the  East  river,  thence  running  southeasterly  along  the  East 
river,  northwesterly  along  the  Bronx  kills  and  northerly  along  the  Harlem  river  to 
the  point  of  beginning; 

b.  Also,  beginning  at  a  point  on  the  boundary  line  between  the  boroughs  of  The 
Bronx  and  Manhattan  in  the  bed  of  the  old  Spuyten  Duyvil  creek  100  feet  west  of 
the  westerly  side  of  Broadway,  thence  running  northerly  100  feet  west  of  and  parallel 
to  the  westerly  side  of  Broadway  to  the  city  line,  thence  running  easterly  along  the 
city  line  to  the  east  side  of  Broadway,  thence  running  southerly  along  the  easterly  side 
of  Broadway  to  the  northerly  side  of  Van  Cortlandt  park  south,  thence  running  east¬ 
erly  to  a  point  100  feet  east  of  the  easterly  side  of  Broadway,  thence  running  southerly 
100  feet  east  of  and  parallel  to  the  easterly  side  of  Broadway  to  the  boundary  line 
between  the  boroughs  of  The  Bronx  and  Manhattan,  thence  running  westerly  along 
said  boundary  line  to  the  point  of  beginning.  (Ord.  approved  Aug.  14,  1914.) 

3.  In  the  borough  of  Brooklyn:  a.  Beginning  at  the  junction  of  Newtown  creek 
with  the  East  river,  thence  running  along  Newtown  creek  and  the  borough  line  be¬ 
tween  Brooklyn  and  Queens  to  Chauncey  st.,  thence  running  southwesterly  along  the 
centre  line  of  Chauncey  st.  to  Central  ave.,  thence  running  southeasterly  along  the 
centre  line  of  Central  ave.  to  the  boundary  line  of  Evergreen  cemetery,  thence  running 
southerly  along  the  boundary  line  of  Evergreen  cemetery  to  Highland  boulevard, 
thence  running  northeasterly  along  the  centre  line  of  Highland  boulevard  to  Highland 
park,  thence  running  southerly  along  the  boundary  line  of  Highland  park  to  Jamaica 
ave.,  thence  running  easterly  along  the  northerly  side  of  Jamaica  ave.  to  the  borough 
line  between  Brooklyn  and  Queens,  thence  running  southerly  along  said  borough  line 
to  a  point  100  feet  south  of  the  southerly  side  of  Jamaica  ave.,  thence  running  westerly 
100  feet  south  of  and  parallel  to  the  southerly  side  of  Jamaica  ave.  to  a  point  100  feet 
east  of  the  easterly  side  of  Norwood  ave.,  thence  running  southerly  100  feet  east  of 
and  parallel  to  the  easterly  side  of  Norwood  ave.  to  Atlantic  ave.,  thence  running 
easterly  along  the  centre  line  of  Atlantic  ave ,  to  a  point  100  feet  east  of  the  easterly 
side  of  Milford  st.,  thence  running  southerly  100  feet  east  of  and  parallel  to  the  east¬ 
erly  side  of  Milford  st.  to  a  point  100  feet  south  of  the  southerly  side  of-  New  Lots 
ave.,  thence  running  westerly  100  feet  south  of  and  parallel  to  the  southerly  side  of 
New  Lots  ave.  to  a  point  100  feet  south  of  the  southerly  side  of  Riverdale  ave.,  thence 
running  westerly  100  feet  south  of  and  parallel  to  the  southerly  side  of  Riverdale  ave. 
to  a  point  100  feet  west  of  the  westerly  side  of  E.  98th  st.,  thence  running  northwest¬ 
erly  100  feet  west  of  and  parallel  to  the  westerly  side  of  E.  98th  st.  to  a  point  100 
feet  south  of  the  southerly  side  of  Clarkson  ave.,  thence  running  westerly  100  feet 
south  of  and  parallel  to  the  southerly  side  of  Clarkson  ave.  across  Remsen  ave.  and 
continuing  100  feet  south  of  and  parallel  to  the  southerly  side  of  Clarkson  ave.  to  a 
point  100  feet  east  of  the  easterly  side  of  Flatbush  ave.,  thence  running  southerly  100 
feet  east  of  and  parallel  to  the  easterly  side  of  Flatbush  ave.  to  a  point  opposite  the 
junction  of  Kings  highway  with  Flatbush  ave.,  thence  running  westerly  across  Flat¬ 
bush  ave.  to  a  point  100  feet  west  of  the  westerly  side  of  Flatbush  ave.,  thence  running 
northerly  100  feet  west  of  and  parallel  to  the  westerly  side  of  Flatbush  ave.  to  a  point 
100  feet  south  of  the  southerly  side  of  Church  ave.,  thence  running  westerly  100  feet 
60uth  of  and  parallel  to  the  southerly  side  of  Church  ave.  to  a  point  100  feet  southeast 
of  the  southeasterly  side  of  14th  ave.,  thence  running  southwesterly  100  feet  southeast 
of  and  parallel  to  the  southeasterly  side,  of  14th  ave.  to  a  point  100  feet  southwest  of 
the  southwesterly  side  of  60th  st.,  thence  running  northwesterly  100  feet  southwest  of 
and  parallel  to  the  southwest  side  of  60th  st.  to  New  York  bay,  thence  running  north- 


62 


BUILDING  CODE. 


erly  along  the  pierhead  line  of  New  York  bay,  Gowanus  bay,  Buttermilk  channel  and 
the  East  river  to  the  point  of  beginning; 

b.  Beginning  at  a  point  at  the  intersection  of  the  Atlantic  Ocean  and  W.  5th  st., 
thence  running  northerly  along  the  centre  line  of  W.  5th  st.  to  a  point  100  feet  north 
of  the  northerly  side  of  Surf  ave.,  thence  running  westerly  100  feet  north  of  and 
parallel  to  the  northerly  side  of  Surf  ave.  to  W.  8th  st.,  thence  running  westerly  along 
the  southerly  side  of  the  right  of  way  of  the  Norton’s  Point  railroad  to  W.  37th  st., 
provided  that  at  no  point  along  said  right  of  way  shall  these  limits  be  taken  at  a  dis¬ 
tance  less  than  100  feet  north  of  the  northerly  side  of  Surf  ave.,  thence  running  south¬ 
erly  along  the  centre  line  of  W.  37th  st.  to  the  Atlantic  Ocean,  thence  running  easterly 
along  the  shore  line  to  the  point  of  beginning;  (Ord.  approved  Aug.  14,  1914.) 

4.  In  the  Borough  of  Queens,  a.  Beginning  at  a  point  in  the  bulkhead  line  of 
the  East  River  at  its  intersection  with  the  centre  line  of  Winthrop  ave.,  thence  run¬ 
ning  southeasterly  along  the  centre  line  of  Winthrop  ave.,  to  a  point  100  feet  south¬ 
east  of  the  southeasterly  side  of  Steinway  ave.,  thence  running  southwesterly  100 
feet  southeast  of  and  parallel  to  the  southeasterly  side  of  Steinway  ave.  to  a  point 
100  feet  north  of  the  northerly  side  of  Astoria  ave.,  thence  running  easterly  100 
feet  north  of  and  parallel  to  the  northerly  side  of  Astoria  ave.  to  the  Old  Bowery 
Bay  Road,  thence  running  southerly  along  the  centre  line  of  the  Old  Bowery  Bay 
Road  to  Woodside  ave.,  thence  running  southerly  along  the  centre  line  of  Woodside 
ave.  to  Middleburg  ave.,  thence  running  westerly  along  the  centre  line  of  Middleburg 
ave.  to  Dickson  st.,  thence  running  southerly  along  the  centre  line  of  Dickson  st.  to 
a  point  100  feet  south  of  the  southerly  side  of  Greenpoint  ave.,  thence  running  west¬ 
erly  100  feet  south  of  and  parallel  to  the  southerly  side  of  Greenpoint  ave.  to  Borden 
ave.,  thence  running  easterly  along  the  centre  line  of  Borden  ave.  to  Laurel  Hill 
boulevard,  thence  running  southwesterly  along  the  centre  line  of  Laurel  Hill  boule¬ 
vard  to  Meeker  ave.,  thence  running  southerly  along  the  centre  line  of  Meeker  ave. 
to  Newtown  Creek,  thence  along  Newtown  Creek  to  the  East  River,  thence  running 
northerly  along  the  bulkhead  line  of  the  East  River  to  the  place  of  beginning. 
(Amended  by  ord.  effective  Nov.  9,  1915.) 

b.  Beginning  at  a  point  on  the  borough  line  between  Queens  and  Brooklyn  inter¬ 
sected  by  a  line  distant  100  feet  north  of  and  parallel  to  the  northerly  side  of  Metro¬ 
politan  ave.,  thence  running  easterly  100  feet  north  of  and  parallel  to  the  northerly 
side  of  Metropolitan  ave.  to  a  point  100  feet  east  of  the  easterly  side  of  Fresh  Pond 
road,  thence  running  southerly  100  feet  east  of  and  parallel  to  the  easterly  side  of 
Fresh  Pond  road  to  Myrtle  ave.,  thence  running  southerly  along  the  Long  Island  rail¬ 
road  to  the  borough  line  between  Queens  and  Brooklyn,  thence  running  northwesterly 
along  said  borough  line  to  the  point  of  beginning; 

c.  Beginning  at  a  point  on  the  borough  line  between  Queens  and  Brooklyn  100 
feet  north  of  the  northerly  side  of  Jamaica  ave.,  thence  running  easterly  100  feet 
north  of  and  parallel  to  the  northerly  side  of  Jamaica  ave.,  to  Brenton  ave.,  thence 
running  southerly  across  Jamaica  ave.  to  a  point  100  feet  south  of  the  southerly  side 
thereof,  thence  running  westerly  100  feet  south  of  and  parallel  to  the  southerly  side 
of  Jamaica  ave.  to  a  point  100  feet  east  of  the  easterly  side  of  Roseville  ave.,  thence 
running  southerly  100  feet  east  of  and  parallel  to  the  easterly  side  of  Roseville  ave. 
to  Mandsley  st.,  thence  running  westerly  across  Roseville  ave.  to  a  point  100  feet 
west  of  the  westerly  side  thereof,  thence  running  northerly  100  feet  west  of  and 
parallel  to  the  westerly  side  of  Roseville  ave.  to  a  point  100  feet  south  of  the  southerly 
side  of  Jamaica  ave.,  thence  running  westerly  100  feet  south  of  and  parallel  to  the 
southerly  side  of  Jamaica  ave.  to  the  boundary  line  between  the  boroughs  of  Queens 
and  Brooklyn,  thence  running  northerly  along  said  boundary  line  to  the  place  of 
beginning ; 


63 


CHAP.  5,  ART.  5 ,  SEC.  91. 


d.  Beginning  at  a  point  on  the  centre  line  of  Madison  street,  Flushing,  100  feet 
west  of  the  westerly  side  of  Main  street,  thence  running  northerly  100  feet  west  of 
and  parallel  to  the  westerly  side  of  Main  street  to  Jackson  ave.,  thence  running  east¬ 
erly  along  the  centre  line  of  Jackson  ave.  to  a  point  100  feet  east  of  the  easterly 
side  of  Main  street,  thence  running  southerly  100  feet  east  of  and  parallel  to  the 
easterly  side  of  Main  street  to  Madison  street,  thence  running  westerly  along  the 
centre  line  of  Madison  street  to  the  point  of  beginning.  (Ord.  approved  Aug.  14, 
1914.) 

§91.  Suburban  limits. 

Except  as  otherwise  specifically  provided  in  this  chapter,  no  frame  or  wood 
structure  shall  be  built  hereafter  within  the  following  areas  or  limits  hereinafter  re¬ 
ferred  to  as  “Suburban  Limits,”  and  it  shall  be  unlawful  to  maintain,  occupy  or  use 
any  such  structure  erected  in  violation  of  any  of  the  provisions  of  this  ordinance, 
provided,  however,  that  nothing  herein  contained  shall  prevent  the  erection,  mainte¬ 
nance  or  occupancy  of  any  frame  building  to  be  used  exclusively  for  residence  pur¬ 
poses  with  not  more  than  15  sleeping  rooms  and  covering  not  more  than  85  per  cent, 
of  the  width  of  the  lot  or  plot  on  which  it  is  erected,  and  maintaining  on  at  least  one 
side  an  open  space  or  open  spaces  as  may  be  necessary  to  preserve  such  restriction,  or 
of  any  one-story  frame  stable  or  garage  not  exceeding  600  square  feet  in  area  or  15 
feet  in  height  and  erected  on  the  same  plot  with  a  one  or  two-family  building  and 
maintained  on  all  sides  at  least  4  feet  from  any  lot  line. 

1.  In  the  borough  of  Manhattan,  all  that  portion  of  the  borough  not  included  in 
the  fire  limits. 

2.  In  the  borough  of  The  Bronx,  all  that  portion  of  the  borough  lying  between 
the  fire  limits  and  the  following  boundaries : 

Beginning  at  the  Hudson  river  and  running  easterly  along  the  boundary  line 
between  the  borough  of  The  Bronx  and  Westchester  county  to  a  point  100  feet  east 
of  the  easterly  side  of  Barnes  ave.,  thence  southerly  100  feet  east  of  and  parallel  to?  the 
easterly  side  of  Barnes  ave.  to  a  point  100  feet  east  of  the  easterly  side  of  Bronxwood 
ave.,  continuing  southerly  100  feet  east  of  and  parallel  to  the  easterly  side  of  Bronx- 
woiod  ave.  to  a  point  100  feet  south  of  the  southerly  side  of  Adee  ave.,  thence  easterly 
100  feet  south  of  and  parallel  to  the  southerly  side  of  Adee  ave.  to  a  point  100  feet 
east  of  the  easterly  line  of  Laconia  ave.,  thence  southerly  100  feet  east  of  and  parallel 
to  the  easterly  side  of  Laconia  ave.  to  a  point  100  feet  south  oif  the  southerly  side  of 
Waring  ave.,  thence  easterly  100  feet  south  of  and  parallel  to  the  southerly  side  of 
Waring  ave.  to  the  centre  of  Givan’s  basin,  thence  southeasterly  and  easterly  along 
the  centre  line  of  Givan’s  basin  to  Eastchester  creek,  thence  southeasterly  and  south¬ 
erly  through  Eastchester  creek  and  Eastchester  bay  to  a  line  100  feet  south  of  and 
parallel  with  the  southerly  side  of  Waterbury  ave.,  thence  westerly  along  a  line  run¬ 
ning  100  feet  south  of  and  parallel  to  the  southerly  side  of  Waterbury  ave.  to  West¬ 
chester  creek,  thence  southerly  along  the  centre  line  oif  Westchester  creek  to  a  point  100 
feet  south  of  the  southerly  side  of  Lafayette  ave.,  thence  westerly  100  feet  south  of 
and  parallel  to  the  southerly  side  of  Lafayette  ave.  to  a  point  100  feet  west  of  the 
westerly  side  of  White  Plains  road,  thence  northerly  100  feet  west  of  and  parallel  to 
the  westerly  side  of  White  Plains  road  to  a  point  100  feet  south  of  the  southerly  side 
of  Watson  ave.,  thence  westerly  100  feet  south  of  and  parallel  to  the  southerly  side  of 
Watson  ave.  to  the  Bronx  river. 

Excepting  that  portion  of  the  borough  lying  within  the  following  described  area : 
Beginning  at  a  point  at  the  intersection  of  the  centre  line  of  the  Bronx  River,  100 
feet  south  of  Walker  avenue  (formerly  West  Farms  road),  running  easterly  along 
the  southerly  line  of  E.  177th  street  to  the  right  of  way  of  the  New  York,  New 


64 


BUILDING  CODE. 


Haven  and  Hartford  Railroad;  thence  southerly  along  the  west  side  of  the  right 
of  way  of  New  York,  New  Haven  and  Hartford  Railroad  to  the  northerly  side  of 
E.  174th  street;  thence  westerly  along  the  north  side  of  E.  174th  street  to  the  centre 
line  of  the  Bronx  River;  thence  northerly  along  the  centre  line  of  the  Bronx  River 
to  the  point  or  place  of  beginning.  (Amended  by  ord.  effective  April  10,  1917.) 

3.  In  the  borough  of  Brooklyn ,  all  that  portion  of  the  borough  lying  between  the 
fire  limits  and  the  following  boundaries :  Beginning  at  the  Atlantic  Ocean  on  a  line 
100  feet  east  of  and  parallel  to  the  easterly  side  of  Ocean  parkway,  running  thence 
northerly  100  feet  east  of  and  parallel  to  the  easterly  side  of  Ocean  parkway,  to  a 
point  100  feet  south  of  the  southerly  line  of  Neptune  ave. ;  thence  easterly  100  feet 
south  of  and  parallel  to  the  southerly  side  of  Neptune  ave.,  to  a  point  100  feet  east 
of  the  easterly  side  of  Coney  Island  ave. ;  thence  southerly  100  feet  east  of  and 
parallel  to  the  easterly  side  oif  Coney  Island  ave.,  to  the  Atlantic  Ocean;  thence  east¬ 
erly  along  the  line  up  to  the  Atlantic  Ocean  to  a  point  100  feet  east  of  the  easterly  side 
of  Thornhill  st.  (Manhattan  Beach  Estates),  running  thence  northerly  100  feet  east 
of  and  parallel  to  the  easterly  side  of  Thoirnhill  st.,  continuing  across  Sheepshead  bay 
till  it  intersects  with  a  line  drawn  100  feet  north  of  and  parallel  to  the  northerly  side 
of  Emmons  ave.,  thence  westerly  100  feet  north  of  and  parallel  to  the  northerly  side 
of  Emmons  ave.  to  a  point  100  feet  eas-t  of  the  easterly  side  oi  Batchelder  st.,  thence 
northerly  100  feet  east  of  and  parallel  to  the  easterly  side  of  Batchelder  st.  to  a  point 
100  feet  north  of  the  northerly  side  of  Avenue  Z,  thence  westerly  100  feet  north  of 
and  parallel  to  the  northerly  side  of  Avenue  Z  to  a  point  100  feet  east  of  the  easterly 
side  of  Ocean  ave.;  thence  northerly  100  feet  east  of  and  parallel  to  the  easterly  side 
of  Ocean  ave.  to  a  point  100  feet  south  of  the  southerly  side  of  Avenue  U,  thence 
easterly  100  feet  south  of  and  parallel  to  the  southerly  side  of  Avenue  U  to  a  point 
100  feet  east  of  the  easterly  side  of  Nostrand  ave.,  thence  northerly  100  feet  east  of 

and  parallel  to  the  easterly  side  of  Nostrand  ave.  to  a  point  100  feet  south  of  the 

southerly  side  of  Avenue  N,  thence  easterly  100  feet  south  of  and  parallel  to  the 
southerly  side  of  Avenue  N,  to  a  point  100  feet  west  of  the  westerly  side  of  E.  35th 
st.,  thence  southeasterly  100  feet  southwest  of  and  parallel  to  the  southwesterly  side 

of  E.  35th  st.  to  a  point  100  feet  southeast  of  the  southeasterly  side  of  Flatlands  ave., 

thence  northeasterly  100  feet  southeast  of  and  parallel  to  the  southeasterly  side  of 
Flatlands  ave.  to  a  point  100  feet  east  of  the  easterly  side  of  Schenectady  ave.,  thence 
northerly  100  feet  east  of  and  parallel  to  the  easterly  side  of  Schenectady  ave.  to 
a  point  100  feet  south  of  the  southerly  side  of  Clarendon  road,  thence  easterly  100 
feet  south  of  and  parallel  to  the  southerly  side  of  Clarendon  road  to  a  point  100  feet 
southeast  of  the  southeasterly  side  of  Ditmas  ave.,  thence  northeasterly  100  feet  south¬ 
east  of  and  parallel  to  the  southeasterly  side  of  Ditmas  ave.  to  a  point  100  feet  north¬ 
east  of  the  northeasterly  side  of  E.  98th  st.,  thence  northwesterly  100  feet  northeast 
of  and  parallel  to  the  northeasterly  side  of  E.  '98th  st.  to  a  point  100  feet  south  of  the 
southerly  line  of  Vienna  ave.,  thence  easterly  100  feet  south  of  and  parallel  to  the 
southerly  side  of  Vienna  ave.  to  a  point  100  feet  east  of  the  easterly  side  of  Fountain 
ave.,  thence  northerly  100  feet  east  of  and  parallel  to  the  easterly  side  of  Fountain 
ave.  to  a  point  100  feet  south  of  the  southerly  side  of  Sutter  ave.,  thence  easterly  100 
feet  south  of  and  parallel  to  the  southerly  side  of  Sutter  ave.  to  the  boundary  line  of 
Queens  borough;  excepting,  however,  the  premises  beginning  at  the  Atlantic  Ocean 
at  the  easterly  side  of  Ocean  Avenue,  running  thence  northerly  along  the  easterly 
side  of  Ocean  Avenue  to  Oriental  Boulevard,  thence  easterly  along  the  southerly 
side  of  Oriental  Boulevard  to  the  westerly  side  of  Irwin  Street;  thence  southerly 
along  the  westerly  side  of  Irwin  Street  to  the  Atlantic  Ocean;  thence  along  the 
Atlantic  Ocean  to  the  point  of  beginning.  (Ord.  approved  Aug.  14,  1914;  amended 
by  ord.  approved  Jan.  12,  1917.) 


65 


CHAP.  5,  ART.  5 ,  SECS.  92-96. 

§92.  Enlarging  buildings. 

Except  as  otherwise  specifically  provided  in  this  chapter,  or  as  the  same  shall  be 
amended  from  time  to  time,  no  existing  frame,  wood  or  other  combustible  structure 
shall  be  enlarged  within  the  fire  limits,  or  suburban  limits,  except  in  conformity  with 
the  provisions  of  this  chapter  with  respect  to  new  structures.  (Ord.  approved  Aug. 
14,  1914.) 

§93.  Repair  of  damaged  buildings. 

1.  When  prohibited.  Within  the  fire  limits  any  existing  frame,  wood,  or  other 
combustible  structures  which,  in  the  judgment  of  the  superintendent  of  buildings  of 
the  borough,  may  be  damaged  from  any  cause  whatsoever  to  an  amount  greater  than 
one-half  of  the  value  thereof  exclusive  of  the  foundations  or  may  be  in  need  of 
structural  repairs  to  an  amount  greater  than  one-half  of  its  value  exclusive  of  the 
foundations,  shall  not  be  repaired  or  rebuilt,  but  shall  be  taken  down. 

2.  Surveys.  In  case  the  owner  or  owners  of  the  structure  which  may  be  dam¬ 
aged  or  in  need  of  repairs  shall  be  dissatisfied  with  the  decision  of  the  superintendent 
of  buildings  as  to  the  extent  of  such  damage  or  need  of  repairs,  then  the  amount  or 
extent  of  such  damage  or  required  repairs  shall  be  determined  by  competent  survey¬ 
ors,  one  appointed  by  the  superintendent  of  buildings,  one  by  the  owner  or  owners 
of  the  structure  and,  in  case  these  two  do  not  agree,  one  selected  by  them  jointly. 
The  report  of  the  surveyors  shall  be  reduced  to  writing  and,  when  signed  by  any 
two  of  them,  shall  be  conclusive.  No  building  the  subject  of  survey  shall  be  in  any 
manner  repaired,  altered  or  rebuilt  until  after  the  decision  of  the  surveyors  shall 
have  been  rendered.  (Ord.  approved  Aug.  14,  1914.) 

§94.  Moving  buildings. 

No  frame,  wood  or  other  combustible  structure  shall  be  moved  from  without  to 
within  the  fire  limits.  (Ord.  effective  Aug.  14,  1914;  amended  by  ord.  effective  June 
22,  1915.) 

§95.  Buildings  in  process  of  construction. 

Nothing  herein  contained  shall  prevent  the  erection  or  completion  of  a  frame 
structure  for  which  a  permit  has  been  lawfully  issued  at  the  time  this  ordinance  shall 
take  effect  within  such  portions  of  the  fire  limits  as  were  not  heretofore  included 
within  the  fire  limits  of  the  city;  provided  the  work  thereon  shall  be  diligently 
prosecuted  so  that  the  structure  shall  be  completed  within  15  months  after  the  passage 
of  this  ordinance. 

In  case  any  such  structure  shall  not  be  completed  within  the  said  period  the 
holder  of  the  permit  therefor  shall  be  deemed  to  have  forfeited  all  rights  and  priv¬ 
ileges  thereunder  and  the  uncompleted  building  or  structure  shall  be  taken  down  and 
removed  within  60  days  after  the  date  of  the  forfeiture  of  such  permit.  (Ord.  approved 
Aug.  14,  1914.) 

§96.  Frame  buildings  permitted. 

If  any  block  situated  within  the  fire  limits  has  90  per  cent,  of  the  buildings  erected 
thereon  constructed  of  frame,  any  vacant  lot  situated  therein  may  have  a  frame 
building  placed  or  constructed  thereon,  provided  the  same  be  not  more  than  2  stories 
and  basement  in  height  and  is  to  be  used  for  residence  purposes  only.  (Ord.  approved 
Aug.  14,  1914.) 

ARTICLE  6. 

Height,  Size  and  Arrangement. 

Section  110. 

66 


BUILDING  CODE. 


^ARTICLE  7. 


Section  130. 

131. 

132. 

133. 

134. 

135. 

136. 

137. 


Light  and  Ventilation. 

Rooms  in  residence  buildings. 

Rooms  in  business  buildings. 

Rooms  in  public  buildings. 

Bathrooms  and  water-closet  compartments 
Windows. 

Courts. 

Buildings  on  same  plot. 

Alterations. 


§130.  Rooms  in  residence  buildings. 

1.  Windows  required.  Except  as  otherwise  provided  in  this  article  or  by  any 
other  law,  every  living  room  in  every  residence  building  hereafter  erected  shall  have 
one  or  more  windows  opening  directly  upon  a  street  or  other  open  public  space,  or 
upon  a  court  located  upon  the  same  lot  or  plot  as  the  building  and  conforming  to  the 
requirements  of  this  article  for  courts,  provided  that  the  width  of  such  street  or  open 
public  space  is  not  less  than  required  by  this  article  for  courts. 

2.  Size  of  rooms.  Every  such  room  shall  be  not  less  than  6  feet  wide  in  any 
part,  and  shall  contain  not  less  than  60  square  feet  of  clear  floor  area,  and  the  clear 
height  for  this  minimum  floor  area  shall  be  not  less  than  8  feet. 

3.  Alcove  rooms.  Nothing  in  this  section  shall  prohibit,  in  residence  buildings 
occupied  by  not  more  than  two  families,  rooms  without  windows  as  prescribed  by 
subdivision  1  of  this  section,  provided  that  every  such  room  opens  without  obstruc¬ 
tion  directly  into  another  room  which  has  one  or  more  windows  having  an  aggregate 
area  between  stop  beads  of  not  less  than  24  square  feet  and  opening  to  the  outer  air 
as  prescribed  in  subdivision  1  of  this  section,  and  that  the  opening  between  such  rooms 
is  not  less  than  60  square  feet  in  area. 


§131.  Rooms  in  business  buildings. 

Except  as  otherwise  provided  in  this  article,  every  room  in  every  business  building 
hereafter  erected,  other  than  rooms  specifically  provided  for  by  the  Labor  Law,  shall 
unless  ventilated  by  windows  opening  directly  upon  a  street  or  other  open  public  space, 
or  upon  a  court  located  on  the  same  lot  or  plot  as  the  building  and  conforming  to  the 
requirements  of  this  article  for  courts,  be  provided  with  approved  means  of  ventila¬ 
tion  consisting  of  transoms  or  similar  devices  opening  into  rooms  ventilated  directly 
to  the  outer  air  or  of  other  methods  capable  of  maintaining  a  carbon  dioxide  content 
of  the  air  of  not  more  than  1  part  in  1000,  provided  that  this  requirement  shall  not 
apply  to  breweries  or  charging  rooms,  or  other  rooms  where  high  quantities  of  carbon 
dioxide  are  an  unavoidable  concomitant  of  the  use  toi  which  the  room  is  put,  or  to 
rooms  used  exclusively  for  storage  purposes,  and  provided  further  that  the  require¬ 
ments  of  this  section  shall  not  apply  to  rooms  in  which  the  unoccupied  space  exceeds 
500  cubic  feet  for  each  occupant. 

§132.  Rooms  in  public  buildings. 

Except  as  otherwise  provided  in  this  article  or  by  any  other  law  or  ordinance, 
every  room  in  every  public  building  hereafter  erected  shall  be  equipped  with  some 
approved  system  of  positive  ventilation  which,  during  occupancy,  will  provide  not 
less  than  2  cubic  feet  of  fresh,  uncontaminated  air  per  minute  for  each  square  foot 
pf  floor  surface,  unless  the  unoccupied  space  of  such  rooms  exceeds  1000  cubic  feet 
for  each  occupant  and  windows  are  provided  opening  directly  upon  a  street  or  other 

♦Added  by  ord.  adopted  Dec.  14,  1915,  effective  March  14,  1916. 

67 


CHAP.  5 ,  ART.  7 ,  SECS.  133-136. 


open  public  space,  or  upon  a  court  located  on  the  same  lot  or  plot  as  the  building 
and  conforming  to  the  requirements  of  this  article  for  courts. 

§133.  Bathrooms  and  water=closet  compartments. 

Every  bathroom,  toilet  room  or  other  room  containing  1  or  more  waterclosets 
or  urinals,  hereafter  placed  in  any  building,  shall  be  ventilated  in  at  least  1  of  the 
following  ways : 

a — by  a  window,  opening  to  the  outer  air  as  prescribed  in  subdivision  1  of  §130 
and  having,  between  stop  beads,  an  area  of  not  less  than  10  per  cent,  or  the  floor  area 
nor  less  than  3  square  feet  in  any  case  and  a  width,  of  not  less  than  1  foot; 

b — by  a  window  of  the  size  specified  in  a,  opening  on  a  vent  shaft  which  extends 
to  and  through  the  roof  or  into  a  court  conforming  to  the  requirements  of  this  article 
for  courts  and  which  has  a  croiss-sectional  area  of  not  less  than  1/5  of  a  square  foot 
for  every  foot  of  height,  but  not  less  than  9  square  feet  in  any  case,  and,  unless  open 
to  the  outer  air  at  the  top,  a  new  area  of  louvre  openings  in  the  skylight  equal  to  the 
maximum  required  shaft  area; 

c — by  an  individual  vent  flue  or  duct  extending  independently  of  any  other  flue 
or  duct,  to  and  above  the  roof  and  having  a  cross-sectional  area  of  not  less  than  1 
square  foot  for  2  or  less  water-closets  or  urinal  fixtures  and  1/3  of  a  square  foot 
additional  for  each  additional  water-closet  or  urinal  fixture ; 

d — by  a  skylight  in  the  ceiling,  having  a  glazed  surface  of  not  less  than  3  square 
feet  and  arranged  so  as  to  provide  ventilating  openings  or  not  less  than  3  square  feet 
to  the  outer  air  above  the  roof  of  the  building  or  into  a  court  conforming  to  the 
requirements  of  this  article  for  courts,  for  2  or  less  water-closets  or  urinal  fixtures 
and  2  square  feet  additional  for  each  additional  water-closet  or  urinal  fixture;  or 

e — by  some  approved  system  of  mechanical  exhaust  ventilation  of  sufficient  ca¬ 
pacity  to  provide  not  less  than  4  changes  of  air  per  hour. 

§134.  Windows. 

All  windows,  except  windows  provided  for  in  §133  of  this  article,  placed  in  any 
room  of  a  residence  building  hereafter  erected  for  the  purpose  of  complying  with 
the  requirements  of  this  article,  shall  have  an  aggregate  area  between  stop  beads 
of  not  less  than  1/10  of  the  floor  area  of  the  room  served  thereby.  Such  windows 
shall  be  so  arranged  that,  when  fully  opened,  the  total  open  space  shall  be  not  less 
than  50  per  cent,  of  the  total  required  window  space. 

§135.  Courts. 

In  every  building  hereafter  erected  every  court  provided  under  the  provisions 
of  this  article  for  the  lighting  and  ventilation  of  any  room  shall  have  a  width  at 
every  point  of  not  less  than  1  inch  for  every  foot  that  such  point  is  distant  from 
the  lowest  part  of  such  court,  but  not  less  than  4  feet  in  any  case.  Every  such 
court  shall  be  open  and  unobstructed  for  the  required  widths  from  its  lowest  point 
to  the  sky,  except  for  the  ordinary  projections  of  window  sills,  belt  courses  and  similar 
ornamental  projections  to  the  extent  of  not  more  than  4  inches.  When  a  court 
is  located  along  a  side  of  a  lot  or  plot  the  lot  line  shall  be  deemed  an  enclosure 
of  such  court,  except  that  when  a  court  opens  on  a  street  or  open  public  space,  such 
street  or  open  public  space  may  be  considered  as  part  of  that  court. 

§136.  Buildings  on  the  same  plot. 

If  more  than  1  building  is  hereafter  placed  on  any  lot  or  plot,  or,  if  any  build¬ 
ing  is  placed  on  the  same  lot  or  plot  with  an  existing  building,  the  several  buildings, 
may,  for  the  purposes  of  this  article,  be  considered  as  a  single  building.  Any  struc¬ 
ture,  whether  independent  or  attached  to  a  building,  shall,  for  the  purposes  of  this 
article,  be  deemed  a  building  or  part  of  a  building. 

68 


BUILDING  CODE. 


§137.  Alterations. 

No  building  shall  hereafter  be  altered  so  as  to  reduce  either  the  size  of  any 
room  or  the  amount  of  window  space,  to  less  than  that  required  for  buildings  here¬ 
after  erected,  or  so  as  to  create  any  additional  room  or  rooms  unless  such  addi-» 
tional  room  is  made  to  conform  to  the  requirements  for  rooms  in  buildings  here¬ 
after  erected,  except  that  such  rooms  may  be  of  the  same  height  as  existing  rooms 
in  the  same  story.  No  building  shall  hereafter  be  enlarged,  nor  shall  the  lot  or  plot 
on  which  it  is  located  be  diminished  so  that  the  dimensions  of  any  court  required  for 
light  or  ventilation,  as  in  this  article  provided,  shall  be  less  than  prescribed  for  build¬ 
ings  hereafter  erected. 

^ARTICLE  8. 


Section  150. 

Exit  Facilities. 

Definitions. 

151. 

Application  of  article. 

152. 

Exits. 

153. 

Interior  stairs. 

154. 

Exterior  stairways. 

155. 

Fire  towers. 

156. 

Horizontal  exits. 

157. 

Hallways. 

158. 

Doorways. 

159. 

Miscellaneous  requirements. 

160. 

Alterations. 

161. 

Existing  buildings. 

162. 

Fire  escapes. 

50.  Definitions. 

For  the  purpose  of  this  article. 

a — a  floor  area  is  any  floor  space  enclosed  on  all  sides  by  either  the  exterior 
walls,  fire  walls,  or  fire  partitions  ; 

b — a  stair  exit  is  a  direct  connection  of  any  floor  area  to  a  stairway  constructed 
in  accordance  with  the  requirements  of  this  article  for  required  stairs; 

c — a  horizontal  exit  is  the  connection  of  any  2  floor  areas,  whether  in  the 
same  building  or  not,  by  means  of  a  vestibule,  or  by  an  open  air  balcony  or  bridge, 
or  through  a  fire  partition  or  fire  wall; 

d — the  term  “sprinklered  ”  means  equipped  with  an  approved  system  of  automatic 
sprinklers  throughout  the  building,  and  the  term  “unsprinklered”  means  not  so 
equipped. 

§151.  Application  of  article. 

Unless  otherwise  specifically  stated  in  this  article,  the  provisions  thereof  shall 
apply  to  buildings,  hereafter  erected,  except  tenement  houses  coming  under  the  pro¬ 
visions  of  the  Tenement  House  Law,  factories  coming  under  the  provisions  of  the 
Labor  Law,  motion  picture  theatres  coming  under  the  provisions  of  article  24  of 
this  chapter,  theatres  and  other  places  of  amusement  coming  under  the  provisions 
of  article  25  of  this  chapter,  and  residence  buildings  occupied  exclusively  by  1  or  2 
families,  or  having  not  more  than  15  sleeping  rooms. 

§152.  Exits. 

1.  Kind.  Every  building  hereafter  erected  shall  have  1  or  more  exits  as  re¬ 
quired  in  this  section,  consisting  of  interior  or  exterior  stairs,  fire  towers,  or  hori¬ 
zontal  exits,  constructed  and  arranged  as  specified  in  this  article,  with  the  necessary 
hallways  and  doorways. 

♦Amended  by  ord.  adopted  Dec.  14,  1915,  effective  March  14,  1916. 

69 


CHAP.  5 ,  ART.  8,  SEC.  153. 


2.  Number  of  occupants.  For  the  purposes  of  this  article,  when  the  number  of 
persons  to  be  accommodated  by  the  exits  is  not  stated  in  the  application  for  a  permit 
to  construct,  such  number  of  persons  within  any  floor  area  shall  be  taken,  according 
to  the  use  of  such  floor  area,  as  1  person. 

a— for  every  10  square  feet  in  dance  halls,  lodge  rooms  and  places  of  assembly; 

b— for  every  15  square  feet  in  court  rooms,  restaurants  and  classrooms  in  schools 
and  colleges; 

c— for  every  25  square  feet  in  stores,  markets,  lodging  houses  and  reading  rooms ; 

d — for  every  32  square  feet  in  workrooms; 

e — for  every  50  square  feet  in  offices  and  show  rooms; 

f— for  every  100  square  feet  in  hospitals,  hotels,  asylums,  furnished  room 
houses  and  other  residence  buildings; 

g — for  every  150  square  feet  in  warehouses  and  garages. 

It  shall  be  unlawful  to  occupy  any  floor  area  by  a  greater  number  of  persons 
than  that  for  which  exits  have  been  provided  in  accordance  with  this  article. 

3.  Number,  a.  From  rooms.  Every  room  having  an  occupancy  of  more  than 
75  persons  shall  have  at  least  2  doorways,  remote  from  each  other,  leading  to  an 
exit  or  exits. 

b.  From  ground  floor.  Every  floor  area  having  direct  exit  by  doorways  or 
hallways  to  a  street  and  having  an  occupancy  of  more  than  75  persons,  shall  have 
at  least  2  means  of  exit. 

c.  From  floor  areas.  Every  other  floor  area  above  or  below  the  ground  floor 
shall  have  at  least  1  interior  stairway  or  fire  tower  connected  thereto.  Every  such 
floor  area  shall  have  at  least  1  additional  exit  when  it  exceeds  2500  square  feet  in 
area. 

d.  Fire  towers  required.  In  business  buildings  exceeding  85  feet  in  height, 
at  least  1  stairway  shall  be  a  fire  tower,  provided  that  in  sprinklered  buildings  in 
which  2  or  more  stairways  are  required  under  the  provisions  of  this  article,  such 
fire  tower  shall  not  be  required  unless  the  building  exceeds  125  feet  in  height. 

4.  Location.  Exits  shall  be  so  located  that  no  point  in  any  floor  area  served  by 
them  shall  be  more  than  100  feet  distant  along  the  line  of  travel  from  an  exit, 
except  that  when  any  floor  area  is  subdivided  into  smaller  areas,  such  as  rooms 
in  hotels  and  office  buildings,  the  distance  from  the  door  of  any  such  room,  along 
an  unobstructed  hallway,  to  an  exit,  shall  be  not  more  than  125  feet.  Where  more 
than  1  exit  is  required  to  any  floor  area,  the  exits  shall  be  placed  remote  from  each 
other. 

5.  Stairway  exits.  Every  required  stairway  shall  lead  to  a  street.  At  least  1 
stairway  shall  continue  to  the  roof,  and  when  there  are  more  than  2  stairways,  at 
least  2  shall  continue  to  the  roof. 

6.  Engineers'  ladders.  Every  building,  including  tenement  houses,  factories, 
theatres  and  motion  picture  theatres,  in  which  high  pressure  steam  boilers  are  placed 
below  the  curb  level  shall  have  stationary  iron  ladders  or  stairs  from  such  story 
leading  directly  to  a  manhole  through  the  sidewalk  or  other  outside  exit,  unless  exit 
is  provided  by  an  enclosed  stairs  or  a  horizontal  exit. 

§153.  Interior  stairs. 

1.  Construction,  a.  Strength.  All  stairs,  platforms,  landings  and  stair  halls 
shall  be  of  sufficient  strength  to  safely  sustain  a  live  load  of  not  less  than  100  pounds 
per  square  foot. 

b.  Materials.  All  stairs  and  stairways  serving  an  exit  shall  be  constructed  of 
incombustible  material  throughout,  except  in  frame  and  non-fireproof  buildings  not 
exceeding  40  feet  in  height  and  occupied  by  not  more  than  50  persons  above  the 


70 


BUILDING  CODE . 


first  story,  and  except  when  the  stairs  are  enclosed  in  fireproof  partitions,  in  frame 
and  non-fireproof  buildings  not  exceeding  50  feet  in  height. 

c.  Support  for  treads  and  landings.  When  treads  or  landings  are  of  slate,  marble, 
stone  or  composition  they  shall  be  supported  for  their  entire  length  and  width  by  a 
solid  steel  plate  at  least  %  of  an  inch  thick,  securely  fastened.  When  stairs  are 
of  fireproof  construction  the  treads  and  landings  may  be  solidly  supported  for  their 
entire  length  and  width  by  the  materials  of  which  such  stairs  are  constructed.  The 
treads  and  landings  shall  be  constructed  and  maintained  in  such  manner  as  to  prevent 
persons  from  slipping  thereon. 

2.  When  to  be  enclosed,  a.  Fireproof  enclosures.  In  buildings  exceeding  40 
feet  in  height  or  occupied  by  more  than  50  persons  above  the  first  story,  interior 
required  stairways  shall  be  enclosed  with  fireproof  partitions  or  walls  of  approved 
masonry. 

b.  Non-fireproof  enclosures.  In  buildings  not  exceeding  40  feet  in  height  and 
occupied  by  not  more  than  50  persons  above  the  first  story,  interior  required  stair¬ 
ways  which  are  not  enclosed  in  fireproof  partitions  or  walls  of  approved  masonry 
shall  be  enclosed  in  partitions  of  wood  studs,  firestopped  at  every  story  with  incom¬ 
bustible  material,  and  wire-lathed  or  covered  with  approved  plaster  boards  on  both 
sides,  and  in  each  case  plastered  with  at  least  y2  of  an  inch  of  mortar  on  all  exposed 
surfaces,  or  of  other  approved  equally  slow-burning  material  and  construction. 

c.  Stairs  of  ornamental  character.  Nothing  in  this  section  shall  require  the  en¬ 
closure  of  the  flight  of  a  required  stairs,  when  ornamental  in  character,  from  the 
main  entrance  floor  to  the  floor  next  above,  provided  that  such  stairs  are  not  the 
only  required  stairs,  that  all  other  required  stairs  in  the  same  story  are  enclosed  as  in 
this  section  prescribed,  and  that  some  other  required  stairs  is  accessible  from  the 
upper  part  of  the  stairs  in  question. 

d.  Open  stair  wells.  Except  as  in  this  section  otherwise  provided,  not  more  than 
2  stories  in  any  building  shall  be  connected  by  an  open  well  or  unenclosed  stairway. 

e.  Openings  in  enclosures.  No  openings  shall  be  permitted  in  the  stair  enclosures 
required  by  this  section,  other  than  doorways,  and  such  windows  as  are  necessary  for 
proper  lighting.  The  doorways  shall  be  equipped  with  approved  self-closing  fire  doors, 
except  that  in  non-fireproof  enclosures,  substantial  self-closing  hardwood,  metal  or 
metal  covered  doors  may  be  used.  Windows,  opening  on  the  interior  of  the  building, 
shall  be  stationary  fire  windows. 

3.  Width.  No  stair  or  stairway  required  by  this  article  as  an  exit  shall  have 
an  unobstructed  width  of  less  than  44  inches  throughout  its  length,  except  that 
hand-rails  may  project  not  more  than  Vy2  inches  into  such  width.  The  aggregate 
width  of  stairs  in  any  story  of  the  building  shall  be  such  that  the  stairs  or  the  stair¬ 
ways  may  accommodate  at  one  time  the  total  number  of  persons  ordinarily  occupying 
or  permitted  to  occupy  the  largest  floor  area  served  by  such  stairs  or  stairways  above 
the  flight  or  flights  of  stairs  under  consideration,  on  the  basis  of  1  person  for  each 
full  22  inches  of  stair  width  and  1 y2  treads  on  the  stairs,  and  1  person  for  each 
2>y2  square  feet  of  floor  area  on  the  landings  and  halls  within  the  stairway,  provided 
that  the  number  of  persons  to  be  accommodated  as  herein  provided  may  be  assumed 
at  y2  of  such  total  number  of  persons  ordinarily  occupying  or  permitted  to  occupy 
any  floor  area  when  the  building  is  sprinkled  and  at  y  of  such  total  number  when  a 
horizontal  exit  is  provided  in  accordance  with  this  article,  and  at  l/i  of  such  total 
number  when  the  building  is  sprinkled  and  a  horizontal  exit  is  provided. 

4.  Treads  and  risers.  Except  where  winders  are  permitted,  the  treads  and  risers 
of  stairs  shall  be  so  proportioned  that  the  product  of  the  tread,  exclusive  of  nosing, 
and  the  riser,  in  inches,  shall  be  not  less  than  70  nor  more  than  75,  but  risers  shall 
not  exceed  7^4  inches  in  height,  and  treads,  exclusive  of  nosing,  shall  be  not  less  than 

71 


CHAP.  5,  ART.  8,  SECS.  154-156. 


9lA  inches  wide.  Treads,  other  than  winding  treads,  and  risers,  shall  be  of  uni¬ 
form  width  and  height  in  any  one  flight.  The  use  of  winders  is  prohibited,  except 
for  stairs  of  an  ornamental  character,  having  a  width  of  not  less  than  5  feet.  The 
treads  of  winders,  exclusive  of  the  nosings,  shall  have  a  width  of  not  less  than  7 
inches  at  any  point  nor  more  than  10  inches  average  width. 

5.  Landings.  No  flight  of  stairs  shall  have  a  vertical  rise  of  more  than  12 
between  floors  or  landings,  provided  that  in  stairs  serving  as  an  exit  from  places 
of  assembly  such  vertical  rise  shall  not  exceed  8  feet.  The  distance  between  risers 
on  landings  in  straight  runs  of  stairs  shall  be  not  less  than  44  inches. 

6.  Hand  rails.  Stairs  shall  have  walls  or  well  secured  balustrades  or  guards  on 
both  sides,  and  shall  have  hand-rails  on  both  sides.  When  the  required  width  of  a 
flight  of  stairs  exceeds  88  inches,  an  intermediate  hand-rail,  continuous  between 
landings,  substantially  supported  and  terminating  at  the  upper  end  in  newels  or 
standards  at  least  6  feet  high,  shall  be  provided. 

7.  Space  under  stairs.  The  space  under  any  stairs  built  in  whole  or  in  part  of 
combustible  materials  shall  be  left  entirely  open  and  kept  clear  and  free  from  encum¬ 
brance. 

§154.  Exterior  stairways. 

Required  stairs  which  may  be  permitted  on  the  outside  of  a  building  shall  be  con¬ 
structed  of  incombustible  materials  and  shall  conform  in  other  respects,  except  as  to 
enclosure,  to  the  requirements  of  this  article  for  interior  stairs.  Exterior  stairs  shall 
be  connected  to  each  story  which  they  serve  by  means  of  self-closing  fire  doors.  Doors 
and  windows  opening  on  such  stairs  shall  be  protected  by  approved  self-closing  fire 
doors  or  automatic  fire  windows.  Metal  mesh  or  other  rigid  guards  at  least  6  feet 
high  shall  be  provided  on  each  unenclosed  side  of  such  stairways  throughout. 

§155.  Fire  towers. 

Interior  stairways  constructed  and  arranged  as  follows  shall  be  known  as  fire 
towers.  The  enclosing  walls  shall  be  of  brick  or  reinforced  concrete  not  less  than 
8  inches  thick,  and  without  openings,  except  for  doors  or  windows  opening  on  a 
street,  or  on  a  yard  or  court  not  less  than  100  square  feet  in  area.  Access  to  the 
stairway  shall  be  provided  at  each  story  served  by  a  fire  tower  through  outside 
balconies  or  fireproof  vestibules  having  solid  floors  of  incombustible  materials  and 
provided  with  substantial  railings.  Such  balconies  or  vestibules  shall  be  level  with 

the  floors  of  the  building  and  platforms  of  the  stairs  connected  by  them,  and  shall 

be  separated  therefrom  by  self-closing  fire  doors.  The  clear  width  of  such  connect¬ 
ing  balconies  and  vestibules  shall  be  not  less  than  that  required  for  a  hallway.  The 
stairs  in  fire  towers  shall  comply  in  all  respects  with  the  requirements  of  this  article 
relating  to  interior  stairs. 

§156.  Horizontal  exits. 

No  horizontal  exit  shall  be  deemed  satisfactory  under  this  article  unless  the 
floor  area  on  either  side  of  such  horizontal  exit  is  sufficient  to  hold  the  joint  occu¬ 
pancy  of  both  floor  areas,  allowing  not  less  than  2>]A  square  feet  of  clear  floor 
space  per  person,  and  at  least  1  interior  stairway  or  fire  tower  conforming  to 
the  requirements  of  this  article  is  provided  on  each  side  of  such  horizontal  exit. 

When  vestibules  or  open  air  balconies  are  used  they  shall  conform  to  the  require¬ 

ments  for  vestibules  or  open  air  balconies  of  fire  towers.  When  bridges  are  used 
they  shall  be  constructed  of  incombustible  material.  All  doorways  or  windows  open¬ 
ing  on  such  vestibules,  balconies  or  bridges  shall  be  equipped  with  self-closing  fire 
doors  or  automatic  fire  windows.  Where  there  is  a  difference  in  level  between  the 
connected  floor  areas,  gradients  shall  be  provided  of  not  more  than  1  foot  in  10  feet. 

72 


BUILDING  CODE. 


§157.  Hallways. 

When  serving  as  an  exit  from  or  in  connection  with  one  or  more  stairways,  the 
clear  width  of  any  hallway  or  passageway  shall  be  not  less  than  the  aggregate  re¬ 
quired  clear  width  of  all  stairs  leading  to  it.  The  clear  width  of  every  hallway  or 
passageway  leading  to  an  exit  shall  be  not  less  than  44  inches  for  the  first  50  persons 
to  be  accommodated  thereby,  and  6  inches  additional  for  each  additional  50  persons 
or  fraction  thereof ;  when  the  number  of  persons  to  be  accommodated  thereby  is  less 
than  50,  the  clear  width  of  such  hallway  or  passageway  shall  be  not  less  than  36  inches. 

§158.  Doorways. 

1.  Width.  The  aggregate  clear  width  of  doorways  serving  as  an  exit  from 
any  room  or  floor  area  to  a  hallway,  stairs  or  other  means  of  exit  shall  be  not  less 
than  36  inches  for  the  first  50  persons  to  be  accommodated  thereby,  and  6  inches 
additional  for  each  additional  50  persons  or  fraction  thereof.  The  aggregate  clear 
width  of  doorways  serving  as  an  exit  from  any  stairway,  hallway  or  passageway, 
shall  be  not  less  than  the  required  width  of  such  stairway,  hallway  or  passageway. 
No  single  exit  doorway  shall  have  a  clear  width  of  less  than  30  inches,  provided 
that,  when  the  total  number  of  persons  to  be  accommodated  exceeds  50  the  clear 
width  shall  be  not  less  than  36  inches. 

2.  Hanging  of  Doors.  The  doors  of  any  doorway  required  by  this  section  shall 
be  so  hung  and  arranged  that  when  opened  they  shall  not  in  any  way  obstruct  the 
required  width  of  hallway,  stairs,  or  other  means  of  exit  and,  in  the  case  of  doorways 
leading  directly  to  a  street,  shall  not,  in  any  position,  project  more  than  18  inches 
beyond  the  building  line.  Doorways  serving  as  exits  to  a  street  from  required 
stairways  of  any  building,  or  to  a  yard,  court  or  open  passageway  communicating  with 
a  street,  shall  have  the  doors,  including  the  doors  of  vestibules,  so  hung  as  to  swing 
outwards  when  opening;  but  this  requirement  shall  not  be  construed  to  prohibit  the 
use  of  doors  swinging  both  inwards  and  outwards,  nor  of  sliding  doors  in  stables  and 
garages,  and  in  the  shipping  and  receiving  rooms  of  business  buildings. 

3.  Door  fastenings.  The  fastenings  on  any  exit  door  within  the  scope  of  this 
section  shall  be  such  that  the  door  may  be  readily  opened  from  the  inside  without  the 
use  of  keys,  provided  that  this  requirement  shall  not  apply  to  the  doors  of  rooms 
where  persons  are  under  legal  restraint. 

§159.  Miscellaneous  requirements. 

1.  Exit  signs.  All  exits  from  floor  areas  accommodating  more  than  50  persons 
shall  be  plainly  marked  by  approved  exit  signs  and  red  lights. 

2.  Lighting.  Provision  shall  be  made  for  the  adequate  lighting  by  artificial  light 
of  all  stairways,  hallways  and  other  means  of  exit  required  by  this  article. 

3.  Exits  to  he  kept  clear.  No  doorway,  hallway,  passageway,  stairs,  or  other 
means  of  exit,  required  by  this  article,  shall  be  obstructed  or  reduced,  except  as  to 
hand-rails,  beyond  its  required  width  in  any  manner  whatsoever. 

§160.  Alterations. 

No  building  shall  hereafter  be  altered  so  as  to  reduce  the  number  or  capacity 
of  exits  to  less  than  required  for  buildings  hereafter  erected.  New  exits  here¬ 
after  installed  in  any  building  shall  be  installed  in  conformity  to  the  requirements 
for  exits  in  new  buildings,  unless  such  exits  are  installed  to  comply  with  a  notice 
issued  under  the  provisions  of  §161  of  this  article. 

§161.  Existing  buildings. 

Every  building  now  existing  which  is  not  provided  with  exit  facilities  as  pre¬ 
scribed  in  this  article  for  new  buildings  and  in  which  the  exit  facilities  are  inadequate 
for  the  safety  of  the  occupants,  shall  be  provided  with  such  good  and  sufficient 

73 


CHAP.  5,  ART.  9 ,  SEC.  170. 


fire  escapes,  stairways,  or  other  means  of  egress  in  case  of  fire  as  shall  be  directed 
by  the  superintendent  of  buildings;  and  said  superintendent  shall  have  authority 
within  said  city  to  direct  fire  escapes  and  other  means  of  egress  to  be  provided  upon 
and  within  such  buildings  or  any  of  them,  except  as  may  be  otherwise  provided  by 
law.  If  the  owner  of  any  building  affected  by  any  order  issued  under  this  section, 
or  his  agent,  shall  within  48  hours,  Sundays  and  holidays  excluded,  after  personal 
service  of  such  order  has  been  made,  file  with  the  superintendent  of  buildings  a 
written  appeal  from  such  order,  the  superintendent  of  buildings  shall  appoint  a  board 
of  survey,  as  provided  for  in  §633  of  this  chapter  for  unsafe  buildings,  upon  whose 
findings  a  new  order  shall  be  based  and  issued. 

§162.  Fire  escapes. 

1.  Construction.  All  fire  escapes  hereafter  erected  shall  be  constructed  of  in¬ 
combustible  materials  and  of  sufficient  strength  to  safely  sustain  a  superimposed  load 
of  100  pounds  per  square  foot.  The  owner  or  lessee  of  any  building  upon  which  a 
fire  escape  is  erected  shall  keep  the  same  in  good  repair. 

2.  Incumbering  fire  escapes.  No  person  shall  at  any  time  place  any  incumbrance 
of  any  kind  whatsoever  before  or  upon  any  fire  escape,  balcony  or  ladder. 

3.  Notice  against  incumbrances.  In  constructing  all  balcony  fire  escapes,  the 

manufacturer  thereof  shall  securely  fasten  thereto,  in  a  conspicuous  place,  a  metal 
plate  having  suitable  raised  letters  on  the  same,  to  read  as  follows :  “  Notice :  Any 

person  placing  any  incumbrance  on  this  balcony  is  liable  to  a  penalty  of  $10  and 
imprisonment  for  10  days.” 

4.  Duty  of  firemen  and  policemen.  Any  fireman  and  policeman  who  shall  dis¬ 
cover  any  fire  escape,  balcony  or  ladder  of  any  fire  escape  incumbered  in  any  way 
shall  forthwith  report  the  same  to  the  commanding  officer  of  his  company  or  precinct, 
who  shall  forthwith  cause  the  occupant  of  the  premises  or  apartment  to  which  said 
fire  escape,  balcony  or  ladder  is  attached,  or  for  whose  use  the  same  is  provided,  to  be 
notified,  either  verbally  or  in  writing,  to  remove  such  incumbrance  and  keep  the 
same  clear. 

5.  Punishment  for  violations.  If  said  notice  shall  not  be  complied  with  by  the 
removal  forthwith  of  such  incumbrance,  and  keeping  said  fire  escapes,  balcony  or 
ladder  free  from  incumbrance,  then  the  said  commanding  officers  shall  apply  to  the 
nearest  police  magistrate  for  a  summons  for  the  occupant  of  the  said  premises  or 
apartment  of  which  the  fire  escape  forms  a  part,  and,  on  conviction,  the  said  occupant 
shall  be  fined  not  more  than  $10  for  each  offense,  or  may  be  imprisoned  not  to 
exceed  10  days,  or  both,  in  the  discretion  of  the  court. 


♦ARTICLE  9. 


Section  170. 

171. 

172. 

173. 

174. 


Projections  beyond  building  line. 

Restrictions. 

Permits  revocable. 

Alterations. 

Existing  encroachments. 

Action  of  board  of  estimate. 


§170.  Restrictions. 

1.  General.  Except  as  hereinafter  otherwise  provided  in  this  article  no  part  of 
any  building  hereafter  erected,  or  of  any  enlargement  of  an  existing  building  shall 
project  beyond  the  building  line  so  as  to  encroach  upon  a  public  street  or  public  space. 

2.  Projections  removable.  Any  part  of  a  building  permitted  to  project  beyond 
the  building  line  under  the  provisions  of  this  article  shall  be  so  constructed  that  its 


*Added  by  ord.  adopted  Dec.  14,  1915,  effective  March  14,  1916. 


74 


BUILDING  CODE. 


removal  may  be  made  at  any  time  without  causing  the  building  or  any  part  thereof  to 
become  structurally  unsafe. 

3.  Structural  support.  No  part  of  any  building  hereafter  erected  or  of  any  en¬ 
largement  of  an  existing  building  that  is  necessary  for  the  structural  safety  of  the 
building  or  an  enlargement  thereof  shall  project  beyond  the  building  line  so  as  to 
encroach  upon  a  public  street  or  public  space,  but  this  shall  not  be  deemed  to  prohibit 
the  projection  beyond  the  building  line  to  the  extent  of  not  more  than  12  inches  of 
the  footings  of  street  walls  provided  such  projecting  parts  of  footings  are  not  less 
than  8  feet  below  the  sidewalk  level. 

4.  Per?nissible  projections,  a.  Areas,  meaning  thereby  open  spaces  below  the 
ground  level  immediately  outside  the  building  and  enclosed  by  substantial  walls,  may 
project  beyond  the  building  line  not  more  than  1/15  of  the  width  of  the  street,  but 
not  more  than  5  feet,  except  where  entirely  prohibited  by  §160  of  chapter  23  of 
this  Code,  provided,  however,  that  every  such  area  shall  be  covered  over  at  the  street 
level  by  an  approved  grating  of  metal  or  other  incombustible  material  of  sufficient 
strength  to  carry  safely  the  pedestrian  street  traffic. 

b.  Steps,  leading  up  or  down  at  entrances  and  included  between  ornamental 
columns,  pilasters  or  check  pieces  at  least  3  feet  high  on  the  sides  of  such  entrances, 
may  project  beyond  the  building  line  not  more  than  2y>  per  cent,  of  the  width  of  the 
street,  but  not  more  than  18  inches  in  any  case,  except  where  prohibited  entirely  by 
§160  of  chapter  23  of  this  Code,  provided  that  the  aggregate  width  of  such  steps 
shall  not  exceed  20  per  cent,  of  the  actual  street  frontage  of  any  one  building,  when 
such  frontage  is  25  feet  or  more  nor  more  than  5  feet  when  such  frontage  is  less 
than  25  feet. 

<\  Columns,  pilasters  and  ornamental  projections,  including  their  mouldings  and 
bases,  erected  purely  for  the  enhancement  of  the  beauty  of  the  building  from  an 
artistic  standpoint,  may  project  beyond  the  building  line  not  more  than  2 y2  per  cent, 
of  the  width  of  the  street,  but  not  more  than  18  inches  in  any  case. 

d.  Balustrades  of  an  ornamental  character,  including  the  sills  and  brackets  on 
which  they  rest,  may  project  beyond  the  building  line  not  more  than  5  per  cent,  of 
the  width  of  the  street  nor  more  than  22  inches  in  any  case,  provided  that  every  part 
of  such  balustrade  is  not  less  than  10  feet  above  the  sidewalk. 

e.  Mouldings,  belt  courses,  cornices,  lintels,  sills,  pediments  and  similar  projec¬ 
tions  of  a  decorative  character  may  project  beyond  the  building  line  not  more  than 

per  cent,  of  the  width  of  the  street  nor  more  than  10  inches  in  any  case. 

f.  The  main  cornice,  meaning  thereby  a  moulded  projection  at  or  near  the 
top  of  the  street  wall,  may  project  beyond  the  building  line  not  more  than  5  per  cent, 
of  the  width  of  the  street  nor  more  than  5  feet  in  any  case,  provided  such  main 
cornice  is  not  less  than  12  feet  above  the  sidewalk  at  any  point. 

g.  Base  courses  may  project  beyond  the  building  line  not  more  than  \y  per  cent, 
of  the  width  of  the  street  nor  more  than  10  inches  in  any  case,  provided  they  do  not 
extend  more  than  5  feet  above  the  highest  point  of  the  sidewalk. 

h.  Rustications  and  quoins  may  project  beyond  the  building  line  not  more  than 
4  inches. 

i.  Awnings  and  marquises,  extending  wholy  or  in  part  across  the  sidewalk,  in 
connection  with  entrances  to  buildings,  shall  be  not  less  than  10  feet  above  the  side¬ 
walk  at  all  points,  except  where  prohibited  by  §160  of  chapter  23  of  this  Code, 
provided  they  are  constructed  of  iron  and  glass  or  other  incombustible  materials, 
and  securely  supported  from  the  building,  and  are  properly  drained,  and  pro¬ 
vided  further  that,  except  on  streets  that  may  by  ordinance  be  designated  as 
market  streets,  no  awning  or  marquise  shall  extend  along  the  street  wall  of  a  building 
for  more  than  75  per  cent,  of  the  length  of  such  wall,  nor,  in  any  case,  more  than 


75 


CHAP.  5,  ART.  9,  SECS.  171-174 . 


50  feet,  and  there  shall  be  a  clear  distance  of  not  less  than  4  feet  between  any  two 
awnings  on  the  same  building. 

j.  Fire  escapes  and  balconies  to  fire  towers  or  other  required  exits,  constructed 
of  steel  or  other  incombustible  material,  when  required  on  the  fronts  of  buildings, 
may  project  beyond  the  building  line  not  more  than  4 1/2  feet,  but  no  part  of  such  fire 
escapes  or  balconies  shall  be  less  than  10  feet  above  the  sidewalk,  provided  that  nothing 
in  this  section  shall  prevent  the  use  of  movable  ladders  or  stairs  to  the  sidewalk,  so 
arranged  that  they  are  within  10  feet  of  the  sidewalk  only  when  in  actual  use. 

k.  Vaults,  entirely  below  the  sidewalk  level  and  conforming  to  the  requirements 
of  article  17,  chapter  23,  of  this  Code,  shall  not  extend  beyond  the  curb  line. 
Opening  in  the  roofs  of  vaults,  between  the  building  line  and  curb,  shall  be 
provided  with  substantial  covers,  flush  in  all  parts  with  the  sidewalk,  of  incom¬ 
bustible  material,  and  so  constructed  and  maintained  as  to  be  normally  kept  closed 
and,  when  open,  thoroughly  safeguarded,  and  to  prevent  persons  from  slipping  thereon. 

l.  Hose  connections  for  interior  fire  extinguishment  equipments  and  fresh  air 
inlets  for  plumbing  systems  may  project  through  a  street  wall  not  more  than  12 
inches  beyond  the  building  line,  except  that  where  there  is  an  angle  formed  by  the 
street  wall  and  a  check  piece  or  the  base  of  a  column,  pilaster  or  ornamental  projec¬ 
tion,  provided  as  in  this  section  specified,  they  may  be  so  located  that  no  part  extends 
more  than  15  inches  from  either  side  of  such  angle. 

5.  Rules  governing  projections.  Nothing  in  this  article  shall  be  deemed  to 
abridge  the  powers  and  duties  of  the  borough  presidents  or  the  commissioners  of  parks, 
within  their  respective  jurisdictions,  to  adopt  additional  rules  as  may  be  necessary 
with  respect  to  the  construction  or  disposition  of  parts  of  buildings  projecting  beyond 
the  building  line.  The  borough  presidents  or  commissioners  of  parks  may,  when 
deemed  necessary  or  desirable,  fix  further  restrictions  as  to  the  extent  of  projections 
beyond  the  building  line,  but  no  projection  greater  than  in  this  article  specified  shall 
be  permitted. 

§171.  Permits  revocable. 

Any  permission,  express  or  implied,  to  construct  part  of  a  building  so  as  to  project 
beyond  the  building  line,  under  the  provisions  of  this  article,  is  revocable  by  the  board 
of  aldermen  or  the  board  of  estimate  at  will. 

§172.  Alterations. 

No  alterations  or  enlargement  shall  be  made  to 
now  projecting  beyond  the  building  line,  except  in 
of  this  article  so  far  as  it  affects  new  construction. 

§173.  Existing  encroachments. 

Such  parts  of  buildings  which  already  project  beyond  the  building  line  may  be 
maintained  as  constructed  until  their  removal  is  directed  by  the  board  of  aldermen  or 
the  board  of  estimate,  provided,  however,  that  nothing  contained  in  this  article  shall 
be  deemed  to  abridge  the  right  of  the  city,  or  any  of  its  officers,  to  continue  any  action 
for  the  removal  of  any  unauthorized  projection  beyond  the  building  line  or  for  the 
collection  of  any  penalty  heretofore  incurred  in  connection  therewith. 

§174.  Action  of  board  of  estimate. 

Nothing  in  this  article  shall  be  deemed  to  authorize  any  projection  beyond  the 
building  line  on  those  streets  on  which  the  removal  or  projections  has  been  heretofore 
or  may  be  hereafter  directed  by  the  board  of  estimate,  except  in  conformity  to  reso¬ 
lutions  by  such  board. 


any  existing  part  of  a  building 
conformity  with  the  provisions 


76 


BUILDING  CODE. 


♦ARTICLE  10. 


Section  190. 

Safeguards  during  construction  or  demolition. 

Enforcement  of  article. 

191. 

Sidewalk  sheds. 

192. 

Temporary  fence. 

193. 

Roofs  and  skylights  of  adjoining  buildings. 

194. 

Scaffolding. 

195. 

Floors  to  be  filled  in  or  covered  over. 

196. 

Protection  of  floor  openings. 

197. 

Weather  protection. 

198. 

Cellar  drainage. 

199. 

Overloading  prohibited. 

200. 

Precautions  during  demolition. 

§190.  Enforcement  of  article. 

Except  as  may  be  otherwise  provided  by  any  law  or  ordinance,  the  provisions  ot 
this  article  shall  be  enforced  by  the  superintendent  of  buildings,  and  all  safeguards 
required  by  the  provisions  of  this  article  or  by  any  rules  authorized  thereunder  shall 
be  subject  to  the  supervision  of  the  bureau  of  buildings.  The  superintendent  of 
buildings  shall,  from  time  to  time,  adopt  such  rules,  consistent  with  the  provisions 
of  this  article,  as  may  be  necessary  to  secure  fully  the  protection  of  persons  and 
property.  In  case  any  safeguard  shall  not  be  provided  as  prescribed  by  this  article, 
the  superintendent  of  buildings  shall  cause  a  notice  to  be  served  personally  upon  the 
persons  whose  duty  it  may  be  to  provide  the  same  or  upon  the  owners  of  the  build¬ 
ings  affected,  requiring  such  safeguard  and  specifying  the  manner  in  which  the  same 
shall  be  erected.  If  such  safeguard  is  not  provided  as  required  in  such  notice,  within 
3  days  after  the  service  thereof,  the  superintendent  of  buildings  shall  have  full 
power  and  authority  to  provide  or  cause  the  same  to  be  provided  as  herein  specified. 
All  expenses  connected  with  same  may  become  a  lien  on  the  property  inclosed  or 
protected,  which  lien  may  be  created  and  enforced  in  the  same  manner  as  now 
provided  in  §652  of  this  chapter. 

§191.  Sidewalk  sheds. 

Whenever  any  building  or  part  thereof,  within  10  feet  of  the  building  line,  is 
to  be  erected  or  raised  to  extend  40  feet  in  height,  or  whenever  such  a  building  more 
than  40  feet  in  height  is  to  be  demolished,  the  owner,  or  the  person  doing  or  causing 
such  work  to  be  done  shall  erect  and  maintain  during  such  work  a  substantial  shed 
over  the  sidewalk  in  front  of  said  building  and  extending,  so  far  as  practicable,  from 
building  line  to  curb.  Such  shed  shall  remain  in  place  until  the  building  is  enclosed, 
or,  in  case  of  a  demolition,  until  the  building  has  been  reduced  to  20  feet  in  height. 
Every  such  shed  shall  be  kept  properly  lighted  at  night. 

§192.  Temporary  fence. 

In  any  building  operation  that  does  not  require  sidewalk  sheds,  as  provided  in 
§191  of  this  article,  the  owner  or  person  doing  or  causing  such  work  to  be  done, 
shall,  unless  relieved  by  a  general  rule  of  the  superintendent  of  buildings  or  a  special 
permit  from  him,  erect  and  maintain  in  front  of  the  building  during  such  building 
operation,  a  substantial  fence  not  less  than  8  feet  high,  of  wood  or  other  suitable 
material.  Such  fence  may  extend  not  more  than  6  feet  into  the  highway,  and 
shall  be  built  solid  for  its  full  length  except  for  such  openings,  provided  with  sliding 
doors  or  doors  swinging  inwards,  as  may  be  necessary  for  a  proper  prosecution  of 
the  work. 

^Amended  by  ord.  adopted  Nov.  9,  1915,  effective  Feb.  9,  1916. 

77 


CHAP.  5,  ART .  10,  SECS.  193-199. 


§193.  Roofs  and  skylights  of  adjoining  buildings. 

When  any  building  is  to  be  carried  above  the  roof  of  an  adjoining  building, 
proper  means  for  the  protection  of  the  skylights  and  roof  of  such  adjoining  building 
shall  be  provided,  at  his  own  expense,  by  the  person  constructing  or  causing  the  con¬ 
struction  of  such  building,  provided  that  if  the  owner,  lessee  or  tenant  of  the  adjoin¬ 
ing  building  should  refuse  permission  to  have  the  roofs  and  skylights  so  protected, 
the  responsibility  and  expense  for  the  necessary  protection  shall  devolve  on  the 
person  refusing  this  permission. 

§194.  Scaffolding. 

All  scaffolds  used  in  connection  with  the  erection,  alteration  or  demolition  of  any 
building  shall  be  constructed  in  a  manner  to  secure  the  safety  of  the  workmen  on 
them  and  of  all  persons  passing  under  or  near  them.  All  scaffolds  used  on  or  about 
buildings  at  a  height  of  more  than  20  feet  above  the  street  or  ground  level,  or  a 
floor,  except  scaffolding  wholly  within  the  interior  of  a  building  and  covering  the 
entire  floor  space  of  any  room  therein,  shall  be  provided  along  the  outer  edges  and 
ends  with  substantial  railings  or  enclosures  of  wire  mesh  or  other  suitable  material, 
extending  at  least  3  feet  above  the  working  platform. 

§195.  Floors  to  be  filled  in  or  covered  over. 

If  the  floors  of  any  building  are  to  be  of  fireproof  construction  the  floor  filling 
shall  be  completed  as  the  building  progresses.  If  the  floors  consist  of  wood  beams 
the  under-flooring,  when  double  flooring  is  to  be  used,  shall  be  laid  on  each  story  as 
the  building  progresses ;  when  double  floors  are  not  to  be  used,  the  floors  2  stories 
below  the  story  where  the  work  is  being  performed  shall  be  kept  planked  over.  If 
the  floor  beams  are  of  iron  or  steel,  the  entire  tier  of  iron  or  steel  beams  on  which 
the  structural  iron  or  steel  work  is  being  erected,  except  such  spaces  as  may  be  rea¬ 
sonably  required  for  the  proper  construction  of  such  iron  or  steel  work,  and  for 
the  raising  or  lowering  of  materials  to  be  used  in  the  construction  of  such  building, 
or  such  spaces  as  may  be  designated  by  the  approved  plans  for  stairways  and  shafts 
shall  be  thoroughly  planked  over. 

§196.  Protection  of  floor  openings. 

All  floor  openings  within  a  building  in  the  course  of  construction  shall  be  enclosed 
or  fenced  in  on  all  sides  by  a  barrier  of  suitable  height,  except  on  those  sides  which 
may  be  used  for  the  handling  of  materials  hoisted  through  such  openings,  or  at 
which  stairs  or  ladders  land,  provided  that  such  sides,  other  than  landings,  shall  be 
guarded  by  an  adjustable  barrier  not  less  than  3  nor  more  than  4  feet  from  the  floor 
and  not  less  than  2  feet  from  the  edge  of  such  opening. 

§197.  Weather  protection. 

Whenever  permission  has  been  given  under  any  of  the  provisions  of  this  chapter 
to  enter  any  adjoining  building  the  person  who  receives  such  permission  or  who  is 
responsible  for  the  work  requiring  such  permission,  shall  provide  for  such  adjoining 
buildings  adequate  protection  against  the  weather. 

§198.  Cellar  drainage. 

Before  the  foundation  walls  of  any  building  are  completed  provision  shall  be 
made  to  prevent  water  accumulating  in  the  excavation  or  cellar  to  the  injury  of  the 
foundation,  and  if  there  is  a  sewer  in  the  street  the  cellar  shall  also  be  connected 
therewith. 

§199.  Overloading  prohibited. 

No  building  or  part  thereof,  or  any  temporary  support  or  scaffolding  in  connec¬ 
tion  therewith,  shall  be  loaded  during  erection,  alteration  or  demolition  in  excess  of 
its  safe  carrying  capacity. 


78 


BUILDING  CODE. 


§200.  Precautions  during  demolition. 

In  demolishing  any  building  or  part  thereof,  story  after  story  shall  be  completely 
removed.  No  material  shall  be  stored  upon  a  floor  of  any  building  in  the  course 
of  demolition,  but  old  material  shall  be  lowered  to  the  ground  immediately  upon  dis¬ 
placement.  The  material  to  be  removed  shall  be  properly  wet  to  lay  the  dust  incident 
to  its  removal. 

ARTICLE  11. 

Partition  Fences  and  Walls. 


Section  210. 
211. 
212. 

213. 

214. 

215. 


Construction  and  maintenance  of  fences. 
Retaining  walls. 

Regulation  of  lots. 

Neglect  to  maintain. 

Disputes. 

Enforcement. 


§210.  Construction  and  maintenance  of  fences. 

All  partition  fences,  unless  erected  under  some  special  agreement,  shall  be  so  built 
that  the  dividing  line  between  the  properties  shall  run  through  the  centre  of  such 
fence  in  each  case,  and  they  shall  be  built  and  maintained  at  the  joint  expense  of  the 
owners  of  the  land  on  each  side.  (Ord.,  Aug.  11,  1914.) 


§211.  Retaining  walls. 

1-  To  conform  to  street  regulation.  When  the  regulation  of  a  lot,  in  conformity 
with  the  street  or  streets  on  which  it  is  situated,  shall  require  the  ground  on  such  lot 
to  be  raised  and  kept  higher  than  the  ground  of  the  adjoining  lot  or  lots  (provided 
the  ground  of  such  adjoining  lot  or  lots  is  not  maintained  at  a  grade  lower  than  in 
conformity  with  the  street  or  streets  on  which  they  are  situated)  and  a  retaining  wall 
for  supporting  the  same  shall  be  necessary,  such  retaining  wall  shall  be  made  and  main¬ 
tained  jointly  by  the  owners  of  the  land  on  each  side  and  shall  stand  one-half  upon 
the  land  of  each  owner;  but,  if  the  owner  of  the  lot  or  lots  having  the  lower  grade 
shall  bear  and  discharge  the  entire  cost  and  expense  of  the  making,  such  retaining  wall 
shall  be  built  entirely  upon  the  lot  having  the  higher  grade  and  shall  thereafter  be 
maintained  jointly  by  the  owners  of  the  land  on  both  sides  thereof. 

2.  To  support  adjoining  earth.  Where  an  excavation  has  been  made  or  a  fill 
placed  on  any  lot,  but,  as  the  case  may  be,  not  below  or  above  the  legal  grade  in 
conformity  with  the  street  on  which  that  lot  fronts,  and  the  land  adjoining  it  has 
no  building  or  permanent  structure  thereon,  other  than  frame  sheds  or  structures 
of  like  character,  and  where  a  retaining  wall  shall  be  necessary  to  support  the  ad¬ 
joining  earth,  such  retaining  wall  shall  stand  one-half  upon  the  lot  of  each  owner  and 
shall  be  made  and  maintained  jointly  by  the  owners  of  the  land  on  each  side;  provided, 
that,  if  the  owner  of  the  lot  having  the  lower  grade  shall  bear  and  discharge  the 
entire  cost  and  expense  of  the  making,  such  retaining  wall  shall  be  built  entirely  upon 
the  lot  having  the  higher  grade  and  shall  thereafter  be  maintained  jointly  by  the 
owners  of  the  land  on  both  sides  thereof. 

3.  Surplus  wall.  Where  any  owner  shall  insist  on  maintaining  his  ground  either 
higher  or  lower  than  the  legal  regulation  as  hereinafter  provided,  except  in  a  case 
herein  otherwise  specifically  provided  for,  the  surplus  retaining  wall,  which  may  be 
necessary  to  support  such  height  or  provide  for  such  excavation,  shall  be  made  and 
maintained  at  the  sole  expense  of  such  owner. 

4.  Construction.  All  retaining  walls  required  under  this  section  shall  be  con¬ 
structed  in  accordance  with  the  provisions  of  this  chapter. 

5.  Removal.  Any  retaining  wall  erected  or  provided  under  this  section,  stand- 

79 


CHAP.  5,  ART.  11,  SECS .  212-215. 


ing  partly  on  the  land  of  each  owner,  may  be  removed  by  either  owner  when  the 
necessity  for  such  retaining  wall  no  longer  exists.  (Ord.,  Aug.  11,  1914.) 

§212.  Regulation  of  lots. 

The  regulation  of  lots,  in  conformity  with  the  street  or  streets  on  which  they  are 
situated,  shall  be  calculated  at  an  ascent  of  2  inches  in  every  10  feet,  measured  from 
the  curb  in  a  direction  at  right  angles  or  normal  thereto;  provided  that,  in  the  case 
of  a  lot  having  more  than  one  street  frontage,  when  so  situated  that  the  street  frontages 
intersect,  the  curb  along  the  longest  street  frontage  shall  be  used,  and,  when  so  situated 
that  the  street  frontages  do  not  intersect  the  curb  along  each  frontage  shall  be  used 
to  one-half  the  depth  of  the  lot  between  street  frontages.  A  lot  as  referred  to  in  this 
section,  shall  be  deemed  and  construed  to  mean  a  parcel  of  land  not  over  25  feet  by 
100  feet,  in  one  ownership,  whether  adjacent  land  be  in  the  same  ownership  or  not; 
but,  for  the  purpose  hereof,  no  land  in  the  same  ownership  may  be  divided  into  lots 
smaller  than  25  feet  by  100  feet.  (Ord.,  Aug.  11,  1914.) 

§213.  Neglect  to  maintain. 

If  any  person  whose  duty  it  may  be  jointly  to  make  or  repair  any  partition  fence 
or  retaining  wall  or  any  part  thereof,  in  pursuance  of  the  provisions  of  this  article, 
shall  neglect  so  to  do,  or  to  join  in  so  doing,  for  6  days,  after  being  requested,  in 
writing,  by  the  owner  or  owners  of  the  adjoining  ground,  the  owner  of  such  adjoining 
ground  may  make  or  repair  such  partition  fence  or  retaining  wall,  or  cause  the  same 
to  be  done,  and  may  recover  from  such  person  such  share  of  the  expense  of  making 
or  repairing  so  much  thereof  as  is  necessarily  made  or  repaired  by  him,  with  costs,  in 
any  court  having  jurisdiction.  (Ord.,  Aug.  11,  1914.) 

§214.  Disputes. 

In  case  of  any  dispute  between  parties,  as  to  what  part  or  portion  of  the  expense 
shall  be  borne  and  discharged  by  either  of  them,  for  building  or  maintaining  any  par¬ 
tition  fence  or  wall,  and  in  all  cases  of  dispute  concerning  the  sufficiency  of  any  fence 
or  wall,  the  controversy  shall  be  determined  by  the  superintendent  of  buildings  of  the 
borough  in  which  the  fence  or  wall  may  be  situated.  (Ord.,  Aug.  11,  1914.) 

§215.  Enforcement. 

The  superintendent  of  buildings  in  each  borough  may,  in  order  to  effect  the  pur¬ 
poses  of  this  article,  notify  in  writing  any  owner  of  any  requirement  under  any  pro¬ 
vision  thereof.  Any  person  who  shall  fail  to  proceed,  within  10  days,  in  accordance 
with  such  notice,  or  to  comply  therewith,  within  such  reasonable  time  thereafter  as 
shall  be  allowed  or  permitted  by  the  superintendent  of  buildings,  shall  be  liable  to  a 
penalty  of  not  less  than  $10,  nor  more  than  $50,  and,  in  addition,  he  shall  be  liable  tof 
a  further  penalty  of  $1  for  each  and  every  day  that  his  default  shall  continue,  after  due 
notice  thereof.  (Ord.,  Aug.  11,  1914.) 


♦ARTICLE  12. 


Excavations  and  Foundations. 


Section  230. 

231. 

232. 

233. 

234. 

235. 

236. 

237. 


Excavations. 

Soil,  bearing  capacity. 
Foundations,  generally. 
Footings. 

Foundation  piers  and  caissons. 
Pile  foundations. 

Foundation  walls. 

Retaining  walls. 


♦Amended  by  ord.  adopted  June  22,  1915;  effective  September  22,  1915. 


80 


BUILDING  CODE. 


§230.  Excavations. 

1.  Safeguarding  generally.  Until  provision  for  permanent  support  has  been 
made,  all  excavations  shall  be  properly  guarded  and  protected  so  as  to  prevent  the 
same  from  becoming  dangerous  to  life  or  limb  and  shall  be  sheet-piled,  braced  or 
shored,  where  necessary  to  prevent  the  adjoining  earth  from  caving  in,  by  the  person 
causing  the  excavation  to  be  made.  (B.  C.  §22.) 

2.  When  retaining  wall  required.  When  an  excavation  is  made  on  any  lot,  and 
provision  for  the  support  of  adjoining  earth  is  not  otherwise  made  in  accordance 
with  law,  the  person  making  such  excavation  or  causing  it  to  be  made  shall,  at  his  own 
cost  and  expense,  except  as  may  be  provided  in  article  11  of  this  chapter  or  as  here¬ 
inafter  provided  in  this  section,  build  a  retaining  wall  to  support  the  adjoining  earth; 
and  such  retaining  wall  shall  be  carried  to  the  height  of  the  adjoining  earth,  and  be 
properly  protected  by  coping.  (B.  C.  §22.) 

3.  Support  of  neighboring  walls ■  a.  When  excavation  exceeds  10  feet.  When¬ 
ever  an  excavation  is  intended  to  be,  or  shall  be  carried  to  the  depth  of  more  than 
10  feet  below  the  curb,  the  person  causing  such  excavation  to  be  made  shall  at  all  times 
if  afforded  the  necessary  license  to  enter  upon  the  adjoining  land,  and  not  otherwise,  at 
his  own  expense,  preserve  and  protect  from  injury  any  wall,  building  or  structure,  the 
safety  of  which  may  be  affected  by  said  excavation,  and  support  the  same  by  proper 
foundations,  whether  the  said  wall,  building  or  structure  is  down  more  or  less  than 
10  feet  below  the  curb.  If  the  necessary  license  is  not  accorded  to  the  person  mak¬ 
ing  such  excavation,  then  it  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  owner  refusing  to  grant  such  license 
to  make  such  wall,  building  or  structure  safe,  and  to  support  the  same  by  proper 
foundations ;  and,  when  necessary  for  that  purpose,  such  owner  shall  be  permitted  to 
enter  upon  the  premises  where  such  excavation  is  to  be  made.  (B.  C.  §22.) 

b.  When  excavation  does  not  exceed  10  feet.  If  such  excavation  is  not  in¬ 
tended  to  be,  or  shall  not  be,  carried  to  a  depth  of  more  than  10  feet  below  the  curb,  the 
owner  of  any  wall,  building  or  structure,  the  safety  of  which  may  be  affected  by  said 
excavation,  shall  preserve  and  protect  the  same  from  injury,  and  support  the  same  by 
proper  foundations ;  and,  when  necessary  for  that  purpose,  shall  be  permitted  to  enter 
upon  the  premises  where  such  excavation  is  to  be  made.  In  case  such  wall,  building 
or  structure,  however,  is  so  located  that  the  curb  to  which  it  is  properly  referred  is  at 
a  higher  level  than  the  curb  to  which  the  excavation  is  referred,  such  part  of  any 
necessary  underpinning  or  foundation  as  may  be  due  to  the  difference  in  curb  level 
shall  be  made  and  maintained  at  the  joint  expense  of  the  person  causing  the  excava¬ 
tion  to  be  made  and  the  owner  of  such  wall,  building  or  structure.  (B.  C.  §22.) 

4.  Support  of  party  wall.  In  case  an  adjoining  party  wall  is  intended  to  be 
used  by  the  person  causing  the  excavation  to  be  made  and  such  party  wall  is  in  good 
condition  and  sufficient  for  the  uses  of  the  existing  and  proposed  building,  the  person 
causing  the  excavation  to  be  made,  shall,  at  his  own  expense,  preserve  such  party 
wall  from  injury  and  support  the  same  by  proper  foundations,  so  that  said  party  wall 
shall  be  and  remain  practically  as  safe  as  before  the  excavation  was  commenced. 
(B.  C.  §22.) 

5.  Superintendent  of  buildings  may  act.  If  the  person  whose  duty  it  shall  be 
under  the  provisions  of  this  chapter  properly  to  guard  and  protect  an  excavation,  or 
to  prevent  adjoining  earth  from  caving  in,  or  to  preserve  or  protect  any  wall,  building 
or  structure  from  injury,  shall  neglect  or  fail  so  to  do  after  having  had  a  notice  of  24 
hours  from  the  superintendent  of  buildings,  such  superintendent  may  enter  upon  the 
premises  and  employ  such  labor,  and  furnish  such  materials  and  take  such  steps  as, 
in  his  judgment,  may  be  necessary  to  prevent  adjoining  earth  from  caving  in  or  to  make 
such  wall,  building  or  structure  safe  and  secure,  or  to  prevent  the  same  from  becom¬ 
ing  unsafe  or  dangerous,  at  the  expense  of  the  person  whose  duty  it  is  to  keep  the 

81 


CHAP.  5,  ART.  12,  SECS.  231-222. 


same  safe  and  secure.  The  city  or  any  person  doing  the  said  work,  or  any  part 
thereof,  under  and  by  direction  of  a  superintendent  of  buildings,  may  bring  and 
maintain  an  action  against  the  person  last  herein  referred  to,  to  recover  the  value 
of  the  work  done  and  materials  furnished,  in  and  about  the  said  premises,  in  the  same 
manner  as  if  he  had  been  employed  to  do  the  work  by  the  said  person.  (B.  C.  §22.) 

§231.  Soil,  bearing  capacity. 

1.  Indicative  statement  required.  Applications  for  permits  for  new  buildings, 
and,  when  necessary,  for  alterations  to  existing  buildings,  shall  contain  a  statement 
of  the  character  of  the  soil  at  the  level  of  the  footings.  (B.  C.  §23.) 

2.  Presumptive  capacities.  In  the  absence  of  a  satisfactory  test  of  the  sustaining 
power  of  the  soil,  different  soils,  excluding  mud,  shall  be  deemed  to  safely  sustain 
the  following  loads  to  the  superficial  foot,  namely : 


Soft  clay  .  1  ton 

Wet  sand .  2  tons 

Firm  clay  .  2  tons 

Sand  and  clay,  mixed  or  in  layers  .  2  tons 

Fine  and  dry  sand  . 3  tons 

Hard  dry  clay .  4  tons 

Coarse  sand  . 4  tons 

Gravel  .  6  tons 

Soft  rock  .  8  tons 

Hard  pan  .  10  tons 

Medium  rock  . 15  tons 

Hard  rock  .  40  tons 


In  case  the  soil  under  the  footings  of  any  one  building  is  partly  rock  and  partly 
yielding  soil,  the  bearing  capacity  of  the  yielding  soil  shall  be  taken  at  not  more  than 
one-half  of  the  capacity  otherwise  allowed.  (B.  C.,  §23.) 

3.  Soil  tests.  When  a  doubt  arises  as  to  the  safe  sustaining  power  of  the  soil 
upon  which  a  building  is  to  be  erected,  the  superintendent  of  buildings  may  order 
borings  to  be  made,  or  he  may  direct  the  sustaining  power  of  the  soil  to  be  tested 
in  accordance  with  the  methods  established  by  the  rules  of  the  superintendent  of  build¬ 
ings,  by  and  at  the  expense  of  the  owner  of  the  proposed  building.  Where  a  test  is 
made  of  the  sustaining  power  of  the  soil  the  superintendent  of  buildings  shall  be 
notified  so  that  he  may  be  present  in  person  or  by  representative.  The  record  of  the 
test  shall  be  filed  in  the  bureau  of  buildings.  (B.  C.,  §23.) 

§232.  Foundations,  generally. 

1.  General  requirements.  Every  building,  except  buildings  erected  upon  solid 
rock  or  upon  wharves  or  piers  on  the  water  front,  shall  have  foundations  of  brick 
or  other  approved  masonry,  iron  or  steel,  laid  not  less  than  4  feet  below  the  surface 
of  the  earth,  on  the  solid  ground  or  level  surface  of  rock,  or  upon  piles  or  ranging 
timbers  when  solid  earth  or  rock  is  not  found.  (B.  C,  §25.) 

2.  Protection  of  metal  work.  Where  metal  is  incorporated  in  or  forms  part 
of  a  foundation,  it  shall  be  thoroughly  protected  from  rust  by  paint,  asphaltum, 
concrete,  or  by  such  materials  and  in  such  manner  as  may  be  approved  by  the  super¬ 
intendent  of  buildings.  (B.  C.,  §25.) 

§233.  Footings. 

1.  Materials.  The  footings  of  foundation  walls  shall  consist  of  footing  stones, 
concrete,  reinforced  concrete  construction  or  steel  grillages.  Wood  footings  may  be 
used  if  they  are  entirely  below  the  permanent  water  level.  (B.  C,  §26.) 

2.  Footing  stones.  Footing  stones  shall  be  not  less  than  2  by  3  feet,  they  shall 
not  be  less  than  8  inches  in  thickness  for  walls,  nor  less  than  10  inches  in  thickness 


82 


BUILDING  CODE. 


under  piers,  columns  or  posts.  Footing  stones  shall  be  well  bedded  and  laid  crosswise, 
edge  to  edge.  (B.  C.,  §26.) 

3.  Concrete  footings.  Concrete  footings  shall  be  not  less  than  12  inches  thick, 
except  that  for  frame  buildings  the  thickness  may  not  be  less  than  8  inches.  (B.  C., 
§26.) 

4.  Steel  grillages.  When  grillage  beams,  resting  on  a  proper  concrete  bed,  are 
used,  they  shall  be  provided  with  separators  and  bolts  and  shall  be  inclosed  and  filled 
solid  between  with  concrete.  (B.  C.,  §26.) 

5.  Pressure  under  footings.  For  the  loads  exerting  pressure  under  the  footings 
of  foundations  the  full  dead  loads  and  the  figured  live  loads  on  the  lowest  tier  of 
columns,  piers  or  walls  shall  be  taken.  For  this  purpose  the  reduced  live  loads 
permitted  by  subdivision  7  of  §  53  of  this  chapter,  may  be  used.  (B.  C.,  §24.) 

6.  Design.  Footings  shall  be  so  designed  that  the  loads  they  sustain  per  unit 
of  area  shall  be  as  nearly  uniform  as  possible  and  within  the  bearing  capacities  of  soils 
established  by  this  article,  and  that  the  stresses  in  the  materials  shall  not  exceed  those 
fixed  by  this  chapter.  In  proportioning  the  areas  of  footings  for  any  building  the 
dead  loads  alone  shall  be  considered,  provided,  however,  that  in  no  case  shall  the 
pressure  under  the  footings  as  determined  in  subdivision  5  of  this  section,  exceed 
the  safe  load  on  the  soil  established  by  this  article.  (C.  C.,  §24.) 

§234.  Foundation  piers  and  caissons. 

The  foundations  of  any  building  may  be  carried  down  to  rock  or  hard  pan  by 
isolated  piers  of  approved  masonry  of  reinforced  concrete,  or  by  open  or  pneumatic 
caissons,  so  designed  that  the  working  stresses  in  the  materials  and  the  loads  on  the 
rock  or  hardpan  do  not  exceed  those  established  by  this  chapter.  (B.  C.,  §26.) 

§235.  Pile  foundations. 

1.  General  requirements.  Piles  intended  to  sustain  a  wall  or  building,  or  any 
part  thereof,  shall  be  driven  to  a  solid  bearing,  if  practicable  to  do  so,  and  the  method 
of  driving  shall  be  such  as  not  to  impair  their  strength.  No  pile  or  group  of  piles 
shall  be  loaded  eccentrically.  Any  type  of  pile  construction  not  provided  for  in  this 
section  shall  meet  such  requirements  as  may  be  prescribed  by  the  rules  of  the  superin¬ 
tendent  of  buildings.  (B.  C.,  §25.) 

2.  Wood  piles,  a.  Quality  and  size.  Wood  piles  shall  be  of  approved  timber, 
sound  and  straight.  The  diameter  at  the  point  shall  be  not  less  than  6  inches.  The 
diameter  at  the  butt  shall  be  not  less  than  10  inches  for  piles  not  over  25  feet  in 
length,  and  not  less  than  12  inches  at  the  butt  for  piles  of  greater  length.  (B.  C.,  §25.) 

b.  Allowable  loads.  The  safe  sustaining  power  of  any  wood  pile  in  tons  shall  be 
taken  as  twice  the  weight  of  the  hammer  in  tons  multiplied  by  the  height  of  the  fall 
in  feet,  divided  by  the  average  penetration  of  the  pile  in  inches  under  the  last  5 
blows,  plus  1,  when  a  drop  hammer  is  used  for  driving,  and  as  twice  the  weight  of 
the  hammer  in  tons  multiplied  by  the  height  of  the  fall  in  feet,  divided  by  the  average 
penetration  in  inches  under  the  last  5  blows,  plus  1/10,  when  a  steam  hammer  is 
used  for  driving,  provided  that  the  driving  has  reached  such  a  point  when  successive 
blows  produce  approximately  equal  penetration.  No  wood  pile,  however,  shall  be 
weighted  with  a  load  exceeding  20  tons.  (B.  C.,  §25.) 

c.  Construction.  The  distance  between  wood  piles  shall  not  be  more  than 
36  nor  less  than  20  inches  on  centers.  The  tops  of  wood  piles  shall  be  cut  off  below 
the  permanent  water  level.  When  ranging  and  capping  timbers  are  laid  on  piles 
or  foundations,  they  shall  be  of  hard  wood  not  less  than  6  inches  thick  and  properly 
joined  together,  and  their  tops  laid  before  the  permanent  water  level.  (B.  C.,  §25.) 

d.  Meadow  land  construction.  When  wood  piles  are  used  under  frame  buildings 
built  over  the  water  or  on  salt  meadow  land,  they  may  project  above  the  water  a 

83 


CHAP.  5,  ART.  12,  SEC.  226. 


sufficient  height  to  raise  the  building  above  high  tide,  and  the  building  may  be  placed 
directly  thereon  without  other  foundation.  (B.  C.,  §25.) 

3.  Concrete  piles,  a.  Concrete  filled  steel  tubes.  For  piles  consisting  of  steel 
tubes  filled  with  concrete,  the  tubes  shall  have  a  diameter  of  9  inches  or  more  and  a 
thickness  of  not  less  than  5-16  of  an  inch.  The  ends  of  each  tube  shall  be  faced 
perpendicular  to  its  axis.  Splices  shall  be  of  an  approved  design  and  not  more  than 
one  splice  shall  be  used  in  the  total  length  of  the  pile.  The  length  of  any  such  pile 
shall  not  exceed  40  times  the  inside  diameter  of  the  tube.  Such  piles  shall  be  driven 
to  a  full  bearing  on  rock.  The  allowable  load  of  any  such  pile  shall  not  exceed  500 
lbs.  per  square  inch  on  the  concrete  and  7,500  lbs.  per  square  inch  on  the  steel,  pro¬ 
vided  that  in  computing  the  effective  area  of  the  steel  the  outer  1-16  inch  of  thickness 
shall  be  deducted  from  the  thickness  of  the  tube.  No  interior  steel  reinforcements 
shall  be  used.  (New.) 

b.  Piles  moulded  before  driving.  Concrete  piles  moulded  and  cured  before  driv¬ 
ing  shall  not  be  provided  with  more  than  4  per  cent,  of  longitudinal  reinforcement. 
The  diameter  or  lateral  dimension  of  such  a  pile  shall  not  be  less  than  8  inches  at  the 
foot  and  shall  not  average  less  than  12  inches  in  the  length  of  the  pile.  The  length 
shall  not  exceed  20  times  the  average  diameter  when  the  pile  is  driven  to  rock  nor 
40  times  the  average  diameter  in  any  case.  When  driven  to  rock  the  allowable  load 
on  any  such  pile  shall  not  exceed  500  lbs.  per  square  inch  on  the  concrete  at  the 
average  cross-section  and  6,000  lbs.  per  square  inch  on  the  longitudinal  reinforce¬ 
ment.  If  driven  to  rock,  the  foot  shall  be  provided  with  a  metal  shoe.  (New.) 

c.  Piles  moulded  in  place.  Concrete  piles  cast  in  place  shall  be  so  made  and 
placed  as  to  insure  the  exclusion  of  any  foreign  matter,  and  to  secure  a  perfect  full- 
sized  shaft.  The  average  diameter  of  any  such  pile  in  place  shall  not  be  less  than  11 
inches  and  the  diameter  of  the  foot  shall  be  not  less  than  6  inches.  The  length  shall 
not  exceed  30  times  the  average  diameter.  The  allowable  load  shall  not  exceed  350 
lbs.  per  square  inch  on  the  concrete.  (New.) 

a.  Allowable  loads.  When  concrete  piles  are  not  driven  to  rock  they  shall  be 
treated  as  friction  piles  and  their  carrying  capacities  shall  be  determined  by  test  in 
accordance  with  rules  established  by  the  superintendent  of  buildings ;  but  the  stresses 
herein  given  for  the  materials  composing  them  shall  not  be  exceeded  in  any  case. 
(New.) 

e.  Concrete.  The  concrete  for  concrete  piles  shall  be  mixed  in  the  proportion  of 
1  part  Portland  cement  to  not  more  than  2  parts  of  clean,  coarse  sand,  and  4  parts 
of  broken  stone  or  gravel  of  a  size  passing  through  a  1-inch  ring,  with  sufficient  water 
to  produce  a  plastic  or  viscous  consistency.  (New.) 

4.  Tests.  When  any  doubt  exists  as  to  the  safe  sustaining  power  of  piles  upon 
which  a  building  or  structure  is  to  be  supported,  the  superintendent  of  buildings  may 
order  a  test  of  the  same  to  be  made  at  the  expense  of  the  owner  of  the  proposed 
building  or  structure  or  the  person  causing  the  piles  to  be  driven.  The  record  of 
every  such  test  shall  be  filed  in  the  bureau  of  buildings.  (New.) 

§236.  Foundation  walls. 

1.  Definition.  Foundation  walls  shall  be  construed  to  include  all  walls  and  piers 
built  below  the  curb  level  or  the  nearest  tier  of  beams  to  the  curb,  which  serve  as 
supports  for  walls,  piers,  columns,  or  other  structural  parts  of  a  building  or  structure. 
(B.  C.,  §26.) 

2.  Materials.  Foundation  walls  shall  be  built  of  approved  masonry,  reinforced 
concrete  or  steel  protected  by  masonry.  All  masonry  foundation  walls  shall  be  laid 
in  cement  mortar.  (B.  C.  §26.) 

3.  Thickness.  If  built  of  rubble  stone,  foundation  walls  shall  be  at  least  8  inches 
thicker  than  the  walls  next  above  them,  but  not  less  than  18  inches  in  any  case.  If 

84 


BUILDING  CODE. 


built  of  brick,  concrete  or  hollow  building  blocks,  they  shall  be  at  least  4  inches 
thicker  than  the  walls  next  above  them,  but  not  less  than  12  inches  thick  in  any  case. 
For  each  additional  10  feet,  or  part  thereof,  below  the  depth  of  12  feet  below  the  curb 
level,  the  thickness  shall  be  increased  4  inches.  (B.  C.  §26.) 

4.  Brick.  When  brickwork  in  foundation  walls  is  stepped  up  from  the  footings, 
the  offsets,  if  laid  in  single  courses,  shall  not  exceed  1^4  inches,  or  if  laid  in  double 
courses,  shall  not  exceed  3  inches.  (B.  C.  §26.) 

5.  Stone.  Rubble  stone  masonry,  unless  built  in  dressed,  level  courses,  shall  not 
be  used  for  buildings  exceeding  75  feet  in  height.  (B.  C.  §26.) 

6.  Hollow  building  blocks.  Foundation  walls  of  hollow  building  blocks  may  be 
used  only  when  the  upper  walls  are  of  frame  or  hollow  building  block  construction. 
The  hollow  spaces  in  the  blocks  shall  be  filled,  as  the  construction  progresses,  with 
concrete  of  not  less  than  1  part  of  cement  to  9  parts  of  aggregate.  (New.) 

§237.  Retaining  walls. 

All  walls  built  to  retain  or  support  adjoining  earth  or  rock,  including  foundation 
walls  subjected  to  pressure  from  adjoining  earth  or  rock,  shall  be  constructed  of 
approved  masonry  or  reinforced  concrete  and  so  designed  that  in  resisting  the  pres¬ 
sures  to  which  they  are  subjected,  including  any  water  pressure  that  may  exist,  the 
working  stresses  of  the  materials  shall  not  be  exceeded,  the  soil  shall  not  be  over¬ 
loaded  and  the  stability  of  the  wall  shall  be  insured.  (New.) 

^ARTICLE  13. 

Masonry  Construction. 


Section  250. 

Definitions. 

251. 

Construction. 

252. 

Brick  masonry. 

253. 

Stone  masonry. 

254. 

Hollow  building  block  masonry. 

255. 

Ashlar. 

256. 

Mortar. 

257. 

Wall  thicknesses. 

258. 

Existing  walls. 

259. 

Parapet  walls. 

260. 

Hollow  walls. 

261. 

Recesses  and  chases. 

262. 

Miscellaneous  requirements. 

263. 

Masonry  arches. 

0.  Definitions. 

For  the  purposes  of  this  chapter : 

a.  approved  masonry  means  masonry  constructed  in  accordance  with  the  re¬ 
quirements  of  this  article,  of  the  materials  specified  therein ; 

b.  bearing  wall  means  any  wall  which  carries  any  load  other  than  its  own 
weight ; 

c.  height,  as  applied  to  a  wall,  means  the  vertical  distance  to  the  top  measured 
from  the  foundation  wall,  or  from  a  girder  or  other  immediate  support  of  such 
wall.  (New.) 

§251.  Construction. 

1.  Materials.  Approved  masonry  shall  be  constructed  of  brick,  stone,  concrete, 
hollow  building  blocks,  or  a  combination  of  these  materials  as  provided  in  this  article. 
It  shall  be  properly  and  solidly  bonded  with  joints  filled  with  mortar.  (B.  C.  §27.) 
♦Amended  by  ord.  adopted  July  6,  1915;  effective  October  6,  1915. 

85 


CHAP.  5,  ART.  13,  SEC.  252. 


2.  Protection  against  freezing.  No  masonry  shall  be  built  when  the  temperature 
is  below  28  degrees  F.,  on  a  rising  temperature,  or  32  degrees  on  a  falling  temperature 
at  the  point  where  the  work  is  in  progress.  No  frozen  materials  shall  be  built  upon. 
(B.  C.  §28.) 

3.  Wetting  brick.  All  brick  shall  be  thoroughly  wet  just  previous  to  being  laid, 
except  in  freezing  weather,  when  they  shall  be  thoroughly  dry.  (B.  C.  §28.) 

4.  Erection  of  walls  and  piers.  Masonry  wall  and  piers  shall  be  built  to  a  line 
and  carried  up  plumb.  In  each  story  the  walls  shall  be  carried  up  full  thickness  to 
the  top  of  the  beams  above.  No  wall  of  any  building  shall  be  built  up  more  than  2 
stories  in  advance  of  any  other  portions  of  the  walls  of  the  building,  provided  that 
where  walls  are  carried  independently  by  girders  at  each  floor  this  provision  shall 
not  apply.  All  walls  that  meet  or  intersect  shall  be  bonded  or  anchored  to  each  other 
in  an  approved  manner.  Any  pier  having  less  than  4  square  feet  of  cross  sec¬ 
tion,  when  located  at  an  intersection  with  a  wall,  shall  be  bonded  into  and  built  as  part 
of  that  wall.  (B.  C.  §28.) 

5.  Piers.  Every  pier  supporting  a  girder,  arch,  column  or  a  lintel  spanning  an 
opening  over  10  feet,  upon  which  a  wall  rests,  shall  be  built  of  approved  masonry. 
Every  such  pier  having  a  height  of  more  than  10  times  its  least  dimension,  and 
every  isolated  pier  built  of  brick  or  hollow  building  blocks,  having  less  than  9  square 
feet  of  cross  section  shall,  at  vertical  intervals  of  not  more  than  30  inches,  have  built 
into  it  bond  stones  not  less  than  4  inches  thick,  or  approved  perforated  steel  or  cast 
iron  plates  of  the  full  size  of  the  pier.  Isolated  piers  shall  not  exceed  in  height 
10  times  their  least  dimensions. 

6.  Arches  and  lintels.  Door  and  window  openings  in  walls  shall  be  spanned 
by  arches,  or  lintels  having  a  bearing  at  each  end  of  not  less  than  5  inches.  In  walls  of 
non-fireproof  buildings,  when  the  thickness  of  the  lintel  is  less  than  the  thickness  of 
the  wall  to  be  supported,  a  timber  lintel  may  be  placed  on  the  inside  of  the  wall 
resting  at  each  end  not  more  than  2  inches  on  the  wall,  and  chamfered  or  cut  to 
serve  as  centre  for  a  rowlock  or  keyed  arch.  When  the  opening  is  more  than  6  feet 
in  width,  templates  shall  be  provided  under  the  ends  of  lintels  resting  on  the  walls, 
unless  the  pressure  under  the  lintel  does  not  cause  a  working  stress  in  the  masonry 
greater  than  specified  in  article  3  of  this  chapter.  (B.  C.  §42.) 

7.  Timber  in  walls.  No  timber,  except  lintels,  provided  for  in  subdivision  6  of 
this  section,  and  nailing  blocks  not  over  8  inches  in  length,  shall  be  placed  in  any 
masonry  wall.  (B.  C.  §52.) 

8.  Bracing  during  construction.  The  walls  and  beams  of  every  building  during 
erection  or  alteration  shall  be  strongly  braced  from  the  beams  of  each  story,  and 
when  required  shall  also  be  braced  from  the  outside  until  the  building  is  enclosed. 
(B.  C.  §41.) 

§252.  Brick  masonry. 

Except  when  laid  in  Flemish  bond  or  faced  with  running  bond,  every  sixth  course 
in  brick  walls  shall  be  a  heading  course.  When  running  bond  is  used,  every  sixth 
course  shall  be  bonded  into  the  backing  by  cutting  the  course  of  the  face  brick  and 
putting  in  diagonal  headers  behind  the  same,  or  by  splitting  the  face  brick  in  half  and 
backing  the  same  with  a  continuous  row  of  headers.  Where  face  brick  is  used  of  a 
different  thickness  from  the  brick  used  for  backing,  the  courses  of  the  face  brick  and 
backing  shall  be  brought  to  a  level  at  intervals  of  not  more  than  6  courses  in 
height  of  the  backing,  and  the  face  brick  shall  be  properly  tied  to  the  backing  by  a  full 
heading  course  of  the  face  brick  or  other  approved  method.  Face  brick  shall  be  laid 
at  the  same  time  as  the  backing,  and  shall  in  no  case  be  laid  after  the  backing  is  in 
place.  (B.  C.  §28.) 


86 


V 


BUILDING  CODE. 


§253.  Stone  masonry. 

1.  Workmanship.  No  stone  shall  be  laid  in  a  wall  in  any  other  position  than  on 
its  natural  bed.  Stones  shall  be  firmly  bedded  in  cement  mortar  and  all  spaces  and 
joints  thoroughly  filled.  No  stone  shall  be  used  that  does  not  bond  or  extend  into 
the  wall  at  least  6  inches.  All  headers  shall  be  at  least  12  inches  in  width  and  8 
inches  in  thickness,  and  consist  of  good  flat  stones.  (B.  C.  §26.) 

2.  Bond.  All  stone  walls  24  inches  or  less  in  thickness  shall  have  at  least  1 
header  extending  through  the  wall  in  every  3  feet  in  height  from  the  bottom  of  the 
wall,  and  in  every  3  feet  in  length,  and  if  over  24  inches  in  thickness,  shall  have  1 
header  for  every  6  superficial  feet  on  both  sides  of  the  wall,  laid  on  top  of  each  other 
to  bond  together,  and  running  into  the  wall  at  least  2  feet.  (B.  C.  §26.) 

3.  Limitation.  Rubble  stone  walls,  except  for  foundations,  shall  not  be  used  in 
buildings  over  60  feet  high.  (New.) 

§254.  Hollow  building  block  masonry. 

1.  Construction.  Where  walls  of  hollow  building  blocks  are  decreased  in  thick¬ 
ness,  the  blocks  in  the  top  course  of  the  thicker  wall  shall  be  filled  solidly  with  con¬ 
crete  or  covered  with  slabs  of  hard  burned  terra  cotta  or  concrete  at  least  1  inch  in 
thickness.  Terra  cotta  or  concrete  templates  of  approved  size  and  thickness  shall  be 
placed  under  all  floor  beams  and  girders  properly  to  distribute  the  loads.  (New.) 

2.  Veneering.  Hollow  building  blocks  of  terra  cotta  used  in  exterior  walls  shall 
be  extra  hard  burned  or  veneered  with  brick,  architectural  terra  cotta,  or  stone,  or 
covered  on  the  exposed  surface  with  at  least  of  an  inch  of  Portland  cement 
stucco.  When  walls  of  hollow  building  blocks  are  veneered  with  brick,  the  facing 
shall  be  bonded  to  the  backing  with  headers  every  sixth  course  of  the  brickwork. 
(New.) 

3.  Limitation.  Walls  of  hollow  building  blocks  shall  not  be  used  in  buildings 
over  40  feet  in  height,  except  that  in  buildings  of  skeleton  construction  terra  cotta 
blocks  with  shells  and  webs  not  less  than  1  inch  thick,  faced  with  at  least  4  inches 
of  brickwork  properly  bonded  as  specified  in  this  section,  may  be  used.  (New.) 

§255.  Ashlar. 

Stone,  architectural  terra  cotta  or  other  approved  material,  used  for  the  facing 
of  any  wall  and  known  as  ashlar,  shall  be  not  less  than  4  inches  thick.  Such  ashlar 
shall  be  anchored  to  the  wall  in  an  approved  manner.  Within  the  fire  limits  ashlar 
shall  not  be  used  in  any  wall  the  total  thickness  of  which  is  less  than  12  inches.  (B. 
C.  §29.) 

§256.  Mortar. 

In  the  following  masonry  construction  no  mortar  other  than  cement  mortar  shall 
be  used : 

a.  Foundation  walls  and  footings; 

b.  Rubble  stone  walls  ; 

c.  Hollow  building  block  construction ; 

d.  Walls  faced  with  ashlar; 

e.  Isolated  piers ; 

f .  Curtain  walls ; 

g.  Exterior  walls  of  skeleton  structures; 

h.  Parapet  walls ; 

i.  Chimneys  above  roofs ; 

j.  Linings  of  existing  walls.  (B.  C.  §30.) 

87 


CHAP.  5 ,  ART.  13,  SEC.  257. 


§257.  Wall  thicknesses. 

1.  Application,  a.  The  thickness  of  masonry  walls  shall  in  all  cases,  irrespec¬ 
tive  of  any  other  requirements  of  this  section,  be  sufficient  to  keep  the  stresses  in 
the  masonry  within  the  working  stresses  prescribed  by  this  chapter. 

b.  The  heights  herein  specified,  unless  otherwise  clearly  indicated,  are  the  heights 
of  walls  as  defined  in  §250. 

c.  In  all  cases  the  wall  thicknesses  herein  specified  shall  be  applied  to  the  nearest 
tier  of  beams  to  the  height  specified. 

d.  Nothing  in  this  section  shall  prevent  the  use  in  any  wall  of  the  same  amount 
of  material  in  piers  and  buttresses  as  is  required  for  the  thicknesses  herein  prescribed. 

e.  The  unsupported  height  of  arty  wall  or  part  thereof  shall  not  exceed  20 
times  the  thickness  of  such  unsupported  part,  unless  reinforced  by  adequate  crosswalls, 
buttresses  or  columns.  (New.) 

2.  Residence  buildings.  Except  as  hereinafter  provided,  the  thicknesses  of 
masonry  walls  of  residence  buildings  hereafter  erected  shall  be  not  less  than  the 
following : 

a.  when  over  75  feet  in  height,  12  inches  for  the  uppermost  25  feet,  16  inches 
for  the  next  lower  35  feet,  20  inches  for  the  next  lower  40  feet,  with  a  4-inch  increase 
for  each  aditional  lower  section  of  40  feet; 

b.  when  not  over  75  feet  in  height,  12  inches  for  the  uppermost  55  feet  and  16 
inches  below  that. 

3.  Public  and  business  buildings.  Except  as  hereinafter  provided,  the  thicknesses 
of  masonry  walls  of  public  and  business  buildings  hereafter  erected  shall  be  not  less 
than  the  following: 

a.  when  over  75  feet  in  height,  16  inches  for  the  uppermost  25  feet,  20  inches 
for  the  next  lower  35  feet,  24  inches  for  the  next  lower  40  feet,  and  increasing  4 
inches  for  each  additional  lower  section  of  40  feet; 

b.  when  over  60  feet  and  not  over  75  feet  in  height,  16  inches  for  the  upper¬ 
most  50  feet,  and  20  inches  below  that ; 

c.  when  over  40  feet  and  not  over  60  feet  in  height,  12  inches  for  the  uppermost 
20  feet,  and  16  inches  below  that. 

d.  when  not  over  40  feet  in  height,  12  inches  throughout.  (B.  C.,  §31.) 

4.  Increased  thickness  when  required,  a.  Every  bearing  wall  with  face  brick 
bonded  with  clip  courses  or  ties,  and  every  bearing  wall  faced  with  ashlar  shall  have 
a  total  thickness  of  at  least  4  inches  more  than  otherwise  required  unless  the  ashlar 
is  at  least  8  inches  thick  in  every  alternate  course  and  bonded  to  the  wall. 

b.  Every  wall  built  of  rubble  stone  shall  have  a  thickness  at  least  4  inches  more 
than  required  by  subdivisions  2  and  3  of  this  section,  but  no  such  stone  wall  shall 
be  less  than  18  inches  thick. 

c.  When  the  clear  span  between  bearing  walls  is  over  26  feet,  such  walls  shall 
be  increased  4  inches  in  thickness  for  every  12^4  feet  or  part  thereof  that  said  span 
is  over  26  feet. 

d.  All  walls  over  105  feet  long  between  cross-walls  or  proper  piers  or  buttresses, 
shall  be  increased  in  thickness  over  the  minimum  requirements  at  least  4  inches  for 
every  105  feet,  or  part  thereof,  over  105  feet  in  length. 

e.  If  the  horizontal  section  through  a  bearing  wall  shows  more  than  30  per  cent, 
area  of  flues  and  openings  such  part  of  the  wall  where  the  excessive  openings  exist 
shall  be  increased  4  inches  in  thickness  over  minimum  requirements  for  every  15 
per  cent.,  or  fraction  thereof,  of  flue  or  opening  area  in  excess  of  30  per  cent.,  provided 
that  if  such  wall  be  laid  up  in  Portland  cement  mortar  the  increase  in  thickness  shall 
be  required  only  when  the  area  of  flues  and  openings  exceeds  45  per  cent. ;  or,  instead 
of  increasing  such  wall  in  thickness,  adequate  piers  or  buttresses  shall  be  provided. 


88 


BUILDING  CODE. 


f.  In  case  any  wall  is  increased  in  thickness  in  accordance  with  one  of  the 
requirements  of  this  subdivision,  it  will  not  be  necessary  to  further  increase  the 
thickness  to  meet  another  requirement  of  this  subdivision,  unless,  in  the  judgment  of 
the  superintendent  of  buildings,  the  safety  of  the  wall  demands  it.  (B.  C.,  §32.) 

5.  One  story  building.  In  one  story  buildings  the  walls  may  be  8  inches  thick, 
provided  that  no  such  wall  exceeds  50  feet  in  length  between  cross-walls  or  adequate 
buttresses.  (B.  C.,  §35.) 

6.  Small  residence  buildings.  In  any  residence  building  outside  the  fire  limits 

and  in  any  residence  building  not  more  than  20  feet  in  width  within  the  fire  limits, 

bearing  walls  of  brick  may  be  8  inches  in  thickness,  provided  such  buildings  are 
not  more  than  40  feet  in  height  and  that  the  8  inch  walls  do  not  exceed  50  feet  in 
length  between  cross-walks  or  adequate  buttresses,  except  that  when  the  walls  are  not 
pierced  by  openings  of  any  kind  such  length  may  be  60  feet.  (B.  C.,  §31.) 

7.  Residence  buildings  outside  the  fire  limits.  Outside  of  the  fire  limits  the 

thicknesses  of  walls  of  hollow  building  blocks  shall  be  not  less  than  8  inches  for  the 
uppermost  20  feet,  10  inches  for  the  next  lower  10  feet,  and  12  inches  for  the  next 
lower  10  feet.  (B.  C.,  §31.) 

8.  Non-bearing  walls.  The  thicknesses  of  non-bearing  walls  of  residence  build¬ 
ings,  or  of  public  and  business  buildings  may  be  4  inches  less  than  those  specified, 
respectively,  in  subdivisions  2  and  3  of  this  section  for  walls  of  corresponding  height, 
provided  that  no  such  walls  shall  be  less  than  12  inches  thick  nor  extended  for  more 
than  55  feet  in  height  without  any  increase  of  thickness.  (B.  C.,  §31.) 

9.  Curtain-  walls.  Non-bearing  walls  built  between  piers  or  metal  columns  shall 
be  not  less  than  12  inches  thick  for  the  uppermost  60  feet  of  height,  increasing  4 
inches  in  thickness  for  each  next  lower  section  of  60  feet.  (B.  C.,  §37.) 

10.  Walls  of  skeleton  structures.  Masonry  walls,  supported  at  each  story  by 
girders,  may  be  12  inches  thick  for  the  entire  height  of  the  building.  (B.  C.,  §36.) 

11.  Interior  walls,  a.  In  residence  buildings,  interior  walls  of  brick  or  concrete, 
whether  bearing  or  non-bearing  walls,  may  be  8  inches  thick  for  the  uppermost  55 
feet  and  12  inches  for  the  next  lower  20  feet,  provided  that  no  such  wall  shall  exceed 
75  feet  in  height  nor  30  feet  in  length  between  cross-walls  or  buttresses. 

b.  Interior  walls  over  75  feet  in  height  may  be  reduced  in  thickness  in  such 
proportion  to  the  number  of  cross-walls,  piers  or  buttresses,  and  their  nearness  to  each 
other,  as  may  be  deemed  safe  by  the  superintendent  of  buildings,  provided,  however, 
that  such  walls  shall  be  not  less  than  12  inches  thick  at  the  top,  and  shall  be  gradually 
increased  in  thickness  to  the  bottom.  (B.  C.,  §34.) 

§258.  Existing  walls. 

1.  When  use  is  permitted  without  change.  Walls  heretofore  built,  whose  thick¬ 
ness  at  the  time  of  their  erection  was  in  accordance  with  the  requirements  of  the  then 
existing  laws,  but  which  are  not  in  accordance  with  the  requirements  of  this  chapter, 
may  be  used  without  change,  if  in  good  condition,  in  buildings  hereafter  erected  or 
altered,  provided  the  stresses  in  the  masonry  do  not  exceed  the  working  stresses  pre¬ 
scribed  by  this  chapter  and  the  height  of  such  walls  be  not  increased  except  in  so  far 
as  may  be  necessary  to  make  the  height  uniform.  (New.) 

2.  Lining  walls.  In  case  it  is  desired  to  use  and  increase  the  height  of  any 
existing  wall  which  is  less  in  thickness  than  required  by  this  chapter,  such  wall  shall 
be  reinforced  by  a  lining  of  brickwork  so  that  the  combined  thickness  with  the  old 
wall  shall  be  not  less  than  4  inches  more  than  the  thickness  required  for  a  new  wall 
corresponding  with  the  total  height  of  the  wall  when  increased  in  height,  provided 
that  such  lining  shall  not  be  used  to  a  greater  height  than  40  feet  and  that  such  wall 
shall  not  be  increased  to  exceed  75  feet  in  height.  Such  lining  shall  be  supported  on 
proper  foundations,  and  shall  be  not  less  than  8  inches  in  thickness,  and  thoroughly 


89 


CHAP.  5,  ART.  13,  SECS.  259-262. 


anchored  to  the  old  wall  with  suitable  anchors,  placed  2  feet  apart  and  properly 
fastened  or  driven  into  the  old  wall  in  rows,  alternating  vertically  and  horizontally  with 
each  other,  the  old  wall  being  first  cleaned  of  plaster  or  other  coatings  where  any 
lining  is  to  be  built  against  the  same.  No  wall,  however,  shall  be  lined  unless  in 
good  condition  and  not  until  the  approval  of  the  superintendent  of  buildings  has  been 
given.  (B.  C.,  §39.) 

§259.  Parapet  walls. 

All  exterior  and  division  or  party  walls  of  masonry  over  15  feet  high,  except  in 
detached  buildings  with  overhanging  roofs,  or  where  such  walls  are  to  be  finished 
with  cornices,  gutters  or  crown  mouldings,  shall  have  parapet  walls  carried  above 
the  roof.  For  residence  buildings  parapet  walls  shall  be  not  less  than  8  inches 
thick  and  carried  at  least  2  feet  above  the  roof,  except  that  in  party  walls,  be¬ 
tween  buildings  of  the  same  height  and  not  over  40  feet  in  height,  such  parapet 
shall  be  not  less  than  8  inches  above  the  roof.  For  public  and  business  buildings 
parapet  walls  shall  be  not  less  than  12  inches  thick,  and  carried  at  least  3  feet  above 
the  roof.  All  parapet  walls  shall  be  coped  with  stone,  terra  cotta,  concrete  or  cast 
iron.  (B.  C.,  §43.) 

§260.  Hollow  walls. 

In  all  walls  that  are  built  hollow  the  same  amount  of  masonry  shall  be  used  in 
their  construction  as  if  they  were  built  solid,  as  in  this  chapter  provided,  and  no  hol¬ 
low  wall  shall  be  built  unless  the  parts  of  same  are  connected  by  proper  ties,  either 
of  brick,  stone  or  iron,  placed  not  over  24  inches  apart.  (B.  C.  §44.) 

§261.  Recesses  and  chases. 

1.  Stairway  and  elevator  recesses.  Recesses  for  stairways  or  elevators  may  be 
left  in  the  foundation  walls  of  buildings,  but  in  no  case  shall  the  walls  be  of  less 
thickness  than  the  walls  of  the  fourth  story,  unless  reinforced  by  additional  piers 
with  iron  or  steel  girders,  or  iron  or  steel  colums  and  girders,  securely  anchored 
to  walls  on  each  side.  (B.  C.  §46.) 

2.  Alcoves.  Recesses  for  alcoves  and  similar  purposes  shall  have  not  less  than 
8  inches  of  brickwork  at  the  back  of  such  recesses  and  such  recesses  shall  be  not 
more  than  8  feet  in  width,  and  shall  be  arched  over  or  spanned  with  iron  or  steel 
lintels,  and  not  carried  up  higher  than  18  inches  below  the  bottom  of  the  beams  of 
the  floor  next  above.  (B.  C.  §46.) 

3.  Pipe-chases.  No  chase  for  pipes  or  other  purpose  shall  extend  into  any 
wall  more  than  of  its  thickness.  No  horizontal  chase  in  any  wall  shall 
exceed  4  feet  in  length.  No  chase  shall  be  made  within  the  required  area  of  any 
pier.  Chases  shall  not  be  cut  in  walls  of  hollow  block  construction,  but  may  be 
provided  by  properly  formed  blocks.  Chases  shall  be  filled  up  with  solid  masonry 
within  the  floor  thickness  of  each  story.  (B.  C.  §46.) 

4.  Limitations.  The  aggregate  area  of  recesses  and  chases  in  any  wall  shall 
not  exceed  Y\  of  the  whole  area  of  the  face  of  the  wall  on  any  story.  No 
recess  shall  be  made  within  a  distance  of  6  feet  from  any  other  recess  in  the  same 
wail.  (B.  C.  §46.) 

§262.  Miscellaneous  requirements. 

1.  Hollow  brick.  The  inside  4  inches  of  walls  may  be  built  of  hard-burn  hol¬ 
low  brick,  properly  tied  and  bonded  into  the  walls  and  of  the  dimensions  of  ordinary 
bricks.  (B.  C.  §45.) 

2.  Furring.  Where  hollow  blocks  of  any  kind  are  used  as  furring  for  walls, 
they  shall  not  be  included  in  the  measurement  ot  the  thickness  of  such  walls.  (B.  C. 
§45.) 


90 


BUILDING  CODE. 


3.  Fire  stops.  In  all  walls  furred  with  wood,  the  brickwork  between  the  ends 
of  wood  beams  shall  project  the  thickness  of  the  furring  beyond  the  inner  face  of 
the  wall  for  the  full  depth  of  the  beams.  (B.  C.  §47.) 


§263.  Masonry  arches. 

All  masonry  arches  shall  be  capable  of  sustaining  the  weight  and  pressure  which 
they  are  to  carry,  and  the  stress  at  any  point  shall  not  exceed  the  working  stresses 
prescribed  by  this  chapter.  Tie  rods  shall  be  used  where  necessary  to  resist  the 
thrust.  (B.  C.  §42.) 

^ARTICLE  14. 


Wood  Construction. 


Section  280. 
281. 
282. 

283. 

284. 


Wood  beams  and  girders. 
Wood  columns  and  posts. 
Bolting. 

Stud  partitions. 

Fire  stops. 


§280.  Wood  beams  and  girders. 

1.  Width  of  beams.  No  wood  floor  or  roof  beam  used  in  any  building  hereafter 
erected  within  the  fire  limits  shall  be  less  than  3  inches  thick.  (B.  C.,  §59.) 

2.  Supports.  Every  wood  beam,  except  header  and  tail  beams,  shall  have  bearings 
of  at  least  4  inches.  The  ends  of  all  such  beams,  where  they  rest  on  brick  walls, 
shall  be  cut  to  a  bevel  of  3  inches  in  their  depth.  In  no  case,  except  in  frame  buildings, 
shall  either  end  of  a  floor  or  roof  beam  be  supported  on  stud  partitions.  All  wood 
trimmer,  header  and  tail  beams  over  4  feet  in  length,  unless  supported  on  a  wall 
or  girder,  shall  be  hung  in  approved  metal  stirrups  or  hangers.  (B.  C.,  §59.) 

3.  Bridging.  All  wood  floor  and  roof  beams  shall  be  properly  braced  with  cross 
bridging.  The  distance  between  bridging  or  between  bridging  and  bearing  shall  not 
exceed  8  feet.  (B.  C.,  §59.) 

4.  Anchoring,  a.  Beams  in  walls.  Each  tier  of  beams  shall  be  anchored  to  the 
walls,  at  intervals  of  not  more  than  6  feet,  with  approved  steel  or  wrought  iron 
anchors.  (B.  C.,  §60.) 

b.  Beams  on  girders.  The  ends  of  wood  beams  resting  upon  girders  shall  be 
butted  end  to  end  and  strapped  by  steel  or  wrought  iron  straps  in  the  same  beam  as 
the  wall  anchors,  or  they  may  lap  each  other  at  least  12  inches  and  be  well  spiked  or 
bolted  together  where  lapped.  (B.  C.,  §60.) 

c.  Girders.  Wood  girders  shall  be  anchored  to  the  walls  and  fastened  to  each 
other  by  suitable  steel  or  wrought  iron  straps.  (B.  C..  §59.) 

d.  Anchor  strips.  Each  tier  of  wood  beams  running  parallel  to  enclosing  walls 
shall  be  anchored  to  such  walls  with  approved  anchor  strips  and  similarly  to  every 
pier.  (B.  C.,  §60.) 

5.  Fire  prevention,  a.  Trimming  around  flues.  All  wood  beams  shall  be  trimmed 
away  from  all  flues  and  chimneys.  The  header  and  trimmer  beams  shall  not  be  less 
than  4  inches  from  the  outside  face  of  the  chimney.  Any  header  beam  supporting 
a  trimmer  arch  in  front  of  a  fireplace  shall  be  not  less  than  20  inches  from  the  face 
of  the  chimney  breast.  (B.  C.  §59.) 

b.  Separation  in  walls.  Every  wooden  beam  in  any  masonry  or  fire  wall  shall 
be  separated  from  any  other  beam  in  the  wall  by  at  least  4  inches  of  solid  masonry. 
(B.  C.,  §59.) 

§281.  Wood  columns  and  posts. 

All  wood  columns  and  posts  shall  be  squared  at  the  ends  perpendicular  to  their 
axes,  and  cap  and  base  plates  shall  be  provided.  Where  the  cap  plate  of  a  wood  column 

♦As  amended  by  ord.  adopted  Apr.  20,  1915,  effective  May  1,  1915. 

91 


CHAP.  5 ,  ART .  15,  SECS.  282-300. 


or  post  supports  a  wood  girder,  any  column  above  shall  bear  directly  on  the  cap  and 
shall  not  rest  on  the  girder.  Additional  iron  or  steel  cheek  plates  shall  be  placed 
between  the  cap  and  base  plates  and  bolted  to  the  girders,  when  required  to  transmit 
the  loads  with  safety.  (B.  C,  §61.) 

§282.  Bolting. 

All  bolts  in  wood  construction  shall  be  provided  with  washers  of  such  proportions 
that  the  compression  on  the  wood  at  the  face  of  the  washer  will  not  exceed  the  working 
stresses  prescribed  in  this  chapter.  (B.  C.,  §63.) 

§283.  Stud  partitions. 

Stud  partitions  which  rest  directly  over  each  other  and  are  not  parallel  with  wood 
floor  beams  shall  run  down  between  the  wood  floor  beams  and  rest  on  the  top  plate  of 
the  partition  below  and  shall  have  the  studding  filled  in  solid  between  the  uprights  to 
the  depth  of  the  floor  beams  with  suitable  incombustible  materials.  (B.  C,  §51.) 

§284.  Fire  stops. 

1.  Studded-off  spaces.  Where  walls  aie  studded-of¥,  the  space  between  the  inside 
face  of  the  wall  and  the  studding  directly  over  such  space  shall  be  fire-stopped  with 
fireproof  material,  for  a  depth  of  not  less  than  4  inches,  securely  supported ;  or  the 
beams  directly  over  the  studded-off  space  shall  be  deafened  with  not  less  than  4  inches 
of  fireproof  material.  (B.  C.,  §71.) 

2.  Wainscoting.  The  surface  of  the  wall  or  partition  behind  wainscoting  shall 
be  plastered  flush  with  the  grounds  and  down  to  the  floor  line.  (B.  C.,  §72.) 

^ARTICLE  15. 

Iron  and  Steel  Construction. 


Section  300. 

Cast-iron  columns. 

301. 

Steel  columns 

302. 

Column  bases. 

303. 

Lintels,  beams  and  girders. 

304. 

Framing  and  connecting. 

305. 

Trusses. 

306. 

Riveting. 

307. 

Bolting. 

308. 

Tie  rods. 

309. 

Templates. 

310. 

Protection  against  corrosion. 

311. 

Protection  against  fire. 

312. 

Metal  fronts. 

313. 

Use  of  old  materials. 

§300.  Cast-iron  columns. 

1.  Dimensions.  Cast-iron  columns  shall  not  have  a  smaller  outside  diameter  or 
side  than  5  inches,  nor  shall  they  have  an  unsupported  length  greater  than  that  allowed 
by  §52  of  this  chapter.  (B.  C.,  §112.) 

2.  Thickenss  of  metal.  The  thickness  of  metal  shall  be  not  less  than  1/12  the 
diameter  or  least  dimension  of  cross  section,  but  never  less  than  of  an  inch.  When 
necessary,  the  thickness  shall  be  increased  near  the  end  so  that  the  core  of  a  column 
below  a  joint  shall  not  be  larger  than  the  core  of  the  column  above,  in  which  case 
the  metal  may  be  tapered  down  for  a  distance  of  not  less  than  6  inches;  or  a  joint 
plate  may  be  inserted  of  sufficient  strength  to  distribute  the  load.  Wherever  the  core 
of  a  cast-iron  column  has  shifted  more  than  the  thickness  of  the  shell,  the  thick- 

♦Amended  by  ord.  adopted  Apr.  20,  1915,  effective  May  1,  1915. 

92 


BUILDING  CODE. 


ness  of  the  metal  all  around  shall  be  assumed  equal  to  the  thinnest  part.  (B.  C.,  §112.) 

3.  Workmanship,  a.  Joints.  Cast-iron  columns  shall  be  machine  faced  at  the 

end  to  a  true  surface  perpendicular  to  the  axis.  They  shall  be  bolted  together  with 
at  least  4  bolts,  not  less  than  %.  of  an  inch  in  diameter,  passing  through  the 
flanges,  the  bolts  being  of  sufficient  length  to  allow  the  nuts  to  be  screwed  up  tightly ; 
and  as  each  column  is  placed  in  position,  the  bolts  shall  also  be  placed  in  position 

and  the  nuts  shall  be  screwed  up  tightly.  (B.  C.,  §112.) 

b.  Flanges.  Where  cast-iron  columns  rest  one  on  top  of  another,  the  top  flange 

of  the  lower  column  shall  project  on  all  sides  not  less  than  3  inches  from  the  outer 
surfaces  of  the  column,  and  the  shape  and  dimensions  of  the  bottom  flange  of  the 
upper  column  shall  be  the  same  as  those  of  the  top  flange  of  the  lower  column,  except 

that  when  a  column  is  placed  on  a  lot  line,  the  flanges  on  the  side  toward  such 

lot  line  may  be  omitted,  if  not  required  for  bolting.  Flanges  shall  be  at  least  1  inch 
in  thickness  when  finished,  and  reinforced  by  fillets  and  brackets  when  necessary. 
(B.  C,  §112.) 

c.  Bolt  holes.  All  holes  in  cast-iron  columns  shall  be  drilled.  The  diameter  of 
the  holes  shall  not  exceed  that  of  the  bolts  by  more  than  1-16  of  an  inch.  (B.  C., 
§112.) 

4.  Limitation.  Cast-iron  columns  shall  not  be  used  in  any  case  where  the  load 
is  so  eccentric  as  to  cause  tension  in  the  cast  iron.  Nor  shall  they  be  used  for  such 
parts  of  the  structural  frame  of  buildings  which  are  required  to  resist  stress  due  to 
wind.  (B.  C.,  §112.) 

5.  Inspection.  No  cast-iron  column  shall  be  set  in  place  until  it  has  passed  an 
inspection  satisfactory  to  the  superintendent  of  buildings.  Wherever  blowholes  or 
imperfections  are  found  in  a  cast-iron  column,  which  reduce  the  area  of  the  cross 
section  at  that  point  more  than  10  per  cent.,  such  column  shall  be  condemned.  Cast-iron 
column  not  cast  with  one  open  side  or  back,  shall  have  Y  inch  holes  drilled  in  the 
shaft  to  exhibit  the  thickness  of  the  castings,  as  may  be  required  by  the  superintendent 
of  buildings.  Cast-iron  columns  shall  not  be  painted  before  inspection.  (B.  C.,  §112.) 

§301.  Steel  columns. 

1.  Length.  No  steel  column  shall  have  an  unsupported  length  greater  than  that 
allowed  by  §52  of  this  chapter.  (B.  C.,  §111.) 

2.  Design.  No  part  of  a  steel  column  shall  be  less  than  of  an  inch  thick. 
No  material,  whether  in  the  body  of  the  column  or  used  as  a  lattice  bar  or  stay  plate, 
shall  be  used  of  less  thickness  than  1/32  of  its  unsupported  width,  measured  between 
centers  of  rivets  transversely,  or  1/16  the  distance  between  centers  of  rivets  in  the 
direction  of  the  stress.  Stay  plates  are  to  have  not  less  than  4  rivets,  and  are  to  be 
spaced  so  that  the  ratio  of  length  to  the  least  radius  of  gyration  of  the  parts  con¬ 
nected  does  not  exceed  40,  the  distance  between  nearest  rivets  of  2  stay  plates  in  this 
case  being  considered  as  length.  In  built-up  columns  the  thickness  of  any  outstanding 
member  shall  not  be  less  than  1/12  the  width  of  the  outstanding  portion.  (B.  C., 
§111.) 

3.  Joints.  The  ends  of  all  columns  shall  be  faced  to  a  plane  surface  at  right 
angles  to  the  axis  of  the  columns.  Wherever  practicable  the  connection  between  them 
shall  be  made  with  splice  plates.  When  splice  plates  cannot  be  used  a  connection 
formed  of  plates  and  angles,  designed  properly  to  distribute  the  stress,  may  be  used. 
Where  any  part  of  the  section  of  a  column  projects  beyond  that  of  the  column  above 
or  below,  the  difference  shall  be  made  up  by  filling  plates  secured  to  the  column  by  the 
proper  number  of  rivets.  All  column  connections  shall  be  riveted.  (B.  G,  §111.) 

§302.  Column  bases. 

Whenever  necessary  to  properly  distribute  the  load,  iron  or  steel  shoes  shall  be 
used  under  the  bottom  tier  of  columns.  Cast  iron  bases  or  shoes  shall  be  not  less  than 


93 


CHAP.  5,  ART.  15,  SECS.  303-305. 


1  inch  thick  in  any  part.  If  any  side  of  the  bed  plajte  exceeds  3  feet  in  length, 
a  reinforcing  flange  at  least  4  inches  high  shall  be  provided  around  the  outer  edges. 
All  cast  iron  bases  or  shoes  shall  be  planed  on  top,  and,  when  resting  on  steel  girders, 
on  both  top  and  bottom.  Bases  or  shoes  of  steel' plates  and  shapes  shall  be  designed 
to  meet  the  requirements  of  §301  of  this  chapter.  Nothing  in  this  section  shall  pre¬ 
vent  iron  or  steel  bases  being  made  as  a  part  of  the  columns.  (B.  C.,  §112.) 

§303.  Lintels,  beams  and  girders. 

1.  Cast-iron  lintels.  Cast-iron  lintels  shall  not  be  less  than  %  of  an  inch  in 
thickness  at  any  point,  and  shall  not  be  usea  for  spans  exceeding  6  feet.  (B.  C.,  §118.) 

2.  Double  beams  as  girders.  When  rolled  steel  beams  are  used  in  pairs  to  form 
a  girder,  they  shall  be  connected  together  by  separators  at  intervals  of  not  more  than 
5  feet.  All  beams  12  inches  and  over  in  depth  shall  have  at  least  2  bolts  to  each 
separator.  (B.  C.,  §117.) 

3.  Riveted  girders.  The  thickness  of  the  web  in  riveted  girders  shall  be  not  less 
than  1/120  of  the  distance  between  flange  angles,  and  in  no  case  less  than  14  an  inch. 
If  the  unsupported  depth  of  the  web  plate  exceeds  60  times  its  thickness,  stiffeners 
shall  be  used  at  intervals  not  exceeding  120  times  the  thickness  of  the  web.  Stiffeners 
of  sufficient  strength  shall  also  be  provided  over  supports  and  under  concentrated 
loads.  (B.  C.,  §116.) 

4.  Lateral  bracing.  The  compression  flanges  of  steel  beams  and  girders  shall  be 
secured  against  bucking,  if  the  length  exceeds  20  times  their  width,  unless  the  working 
stresses  in  such  flanges  are  proportioned  to  the  ratio  of  length  to  width  as  provided 
for  steel  columns  in  §52  of  this  chapter.  (B.  C.,  §116.) 

§304.  Framing  and  connecting. 

All  columns,  beams,  trusses  and  all  other  iron  or  steel  work  shall  be  suitably 
framed  and  connected  together  and  to  the  walls.  All  beams  framed  into  and  supported 
by  other  beams  or  girders  shall  be  connected  thereto  by  angles  or  knees  of  a  proper 
size  and  thickness,  with  sufficient  bolts  or  rivets  to  transmit  the  entire  load,  or  by 
seats  of  sufficient  strength  and  the  necessary  angles  or  knees  to  hold  the  beam  in 
place.  Beams  resting  on  girders  shall  be  securelv  riveted  or  bolted  to  the  same.  (B. 
C.,  §122.) 

§305.  Trusses. 

1.  General  desiqn.  Trusses  shall  be  of  such  design  that  the  stresses  in  each  mem¬ 
ber  can  be  calculated.  (B.  C.,  §125.) 

2.  Lateral  bracing.  All  trusses  shall  be  held  rightly  in  position  by  efficient  sys¬ 
tems  of  lateral  or  sway  bracing.  (B.  C.,  §125.) 

3.  Tension  members.  For  tension  members,  the  actual  net  area  only,  after 
deducting  rivet  holes  14  inch  larger  than  the  rivets,  shall  be  considered  as  resisting  the 
stress.  (B.  C.,  §126.) 

4.  Compression  members  Compression  members  in  pin-conneeted  trusses  shall 
be  designed  so  that  the  stresses  shall  not  exceed  75  per  cent,  of  the  permissible  working 
stresses  for  columns.  (B.  C.,  §127.) 

5.  Eye  bars.  The  heads  of  all  eye  bars  shall  be  made  by  upsetting  or  forging. 
No  weld  will  be  allowed  in  the  body  of  the  bar.  Steel  eye  bars  shall  be  annealed. 
Bars  shall  be  straight  before  boring.  Eyes  and  screw  ends  shall  be  so  proportioned 
that  upon  test  to  destruction,  fracture  will  take  place  in  the  body  of  the  member. 
(B.  C.,  §127.) 

6.  Pins.  All  pins  shall  be  accurately  turned.  All  pin-holes  shall  be  bored  true 
and  at  right  angles  to  the  axis  of  the  members,  and  must  fit  the  pins  within  1/32  of 
an  inch.  (B.  C.,  §127.) 


94 


BUILDING  CODE. 


§306.  Riveting. 

1.  When  required.  All  component  parts  of  built-up  columns,  girders  and  trusses, 
including  any  splices  in  the  same,  shall  be  riveted.  (B.  C.,  §127.) 

2.  Spacing  of  rivets.  The  pitch  of  rivets  shall  never  be  less  than  3  diameters 
of  the  rivet,  nor  more  than  6  inches.  In  the  direction  of  the  stress  it  shall  not  ex¬ 
ceed  16  times  the  least  thickness  of  the  outside  member.  At  right  angles  to  the  stress 
it  shall  not  exceed  32  times  the  least  thickness  of  the^outside  member.  (B.  C.,  §123.) 

3.  Distance  from  edge.  The  distance  from  centre  of  a  rivet  hole  to  the  edge  of 
the  material  shall  not  be  less  than : 

24  of  an  inch  for  inch  rivets; 

1  inch  for  24-inch  rivets ; 

1^4  inches  for  24-inch  rivets: 

V/2  inches  for  24-inch  rivets; 

124  inches  for  1-inch  rivets.  (B.  C.,  §123.) 

4.  Length.  The  lengths  of  rivets,  between  heads,  shall  not  exceed  5  times 
the  diameters.  (B.  C.,  §123.) 

5.  Driving.  All  shop  rivets,  wherever  practicable,  shall  be  machine  driven.  Rivets 
shall  fill  the  holes  completely.  Rivet  heads  shall  be  hemispherical  and  concentric  with 
the  axis  of  the  rivet.  (B.  C.,  §123.) 

§307.  Bolting. 

1.  When  permitted.  Where  riveting  is  not  required  by  the  provisions  of  this 
chapter  connections  may  be  affected  by  bolts  of  mild  steel,  with  United  States  standard 
threads.  The  threads  shall  be  full  and  clean,  the  nut  shall  be  truly  concentric  with 
the  bolt,  and  the  thread  shall  be  of  sufficient  length  to  allow  the  nut  to  be  screwed  up 
tightly.  (B.  C.,  §124.) 

2.  Suspenders.  When  the  bolts  are  used  for  suspenders,  the  working  stress  shall 
be  reduced  to  9,000  pounds  per  square  inch  of  net  area,  and  the  load  shall  be  trans¬ 
mitted  into  the  head  or  nut  by  suitable  washers.  (B.  C.,  §124.1 

§308.  Tie  rods. 

Whenever  tie  rods  may  be  required  by  the  provisions  of  this  chapter,  in  connec¬ 
tion  with  iron  and  steel  construction,  they  shall  be  at  least  24  of  an  inch  in  diameter. 
Holes  for  tie  rods  in  floor  arches  shall  be  placed  as  near  the  thrust  of  the  arch  as 
practicable.  The  distance  between  tie  rods  in  floors  or  roofs  shall  not  exceed  8  times 
the  depth  of  the  beams  nor  8  feet  in  any  case.  (B.  C.,  §120  ) 

§309.  Templates. 

When  any  lintel,  beam,  girder  or  truss  is  supported  at  either  end  by  a  wall  or  pier, 
it  shall  be  properly  anchored  thereto  and  shall  rest  upon  a  template  or  shoe  of 
cast  iron,  steel  or  stone  of  such  design  and  dimensions  as  safely  to  distribute  its 
load  on  the  masonry,  except  that  when  beams,  not  exceeding  6  inches  in  depth,  are 
placed  not  more  than  30  inches  on  centres,  no  templates  shall  be  required.  (B.  C., 
§121.) 

§310.  Protection  against  corrosion. 

1.  Painting.  All  structural  iron  and  steel  work  shall  be  cleaned  of  all  scale, 
dirt  and  rust  and  be  thoroughly  coated  with  1  coat  of  paint  before  erection,  ex¬ 
cept  that  cast  iron  columns  shall  not  be  painted  until  after  inspection.  Where  surfaces 
in  riveted  work  come  in  contact,  they  shall  be  painted  before  assembling.  After  erec¬ 
tion,  all  work  shall  be  painted  a  least  1  additional  coat  of  a  different  shade  than 
the  first.  (B.  C.,  §129.) 

2.  Subaqueous  work.  All  iron  or  steel  used  under  water  shall  be  encased  in 
concrete.  (B.  C.,  §129.) 


95 


CHAP.  5,  ARTS.  15-16,  SECS.  311-331. 


§311.  Protection  against  fire. 

Any  iron  or  steel  construction  hereafter  placed  in  any  building  to  support  a  wall 
or  part  thereof  or  a  sidewalk,  shall  be  protected  with  not  less  than  2  inches  of 
fireproof  material  securely  applied,  except  that  in  non-fireproof  buildings  such  pro¬ 
tection  shall  not  be  required  for  columns  immediately  above  the  sidewalk  level  sup¬ 
porting  walls  fronting  on  streets.  (B.  C,  §107.) 

§312.  Metal  fronts. 

Metal  fronts  or  facias  hereafter  erected  on  the  exterior  of  buildings  over  one 
story  high,  shall  be  backed  up  or  filled  in  with  masonry  not  less  than  8  inches  thick. 
(B.  C.,  §128.) 

§313.  Use  of  old  materials. 

Nothing  in  this  article  shall  prevent  the  use  of  old  ste^l  or  wrought  iron  shapes, 
provided  that  the  working  stresses  used  do  not  exceed  V\  of  those  specified  in  this 
chapter  for  steel,  and  that  the  provisions  of  this  article  are  otherwise  complied  with. 
Nothing  in  this  article  shall  require  any  alteration  in  any  iron  or  steel  construction 
already  fabricated  under  the  requirements  of  provisions  heretofore  in  force.  (Includes 
§3  of  Ord.  approved  May  1,  1915.) 


^ARTICLE  16. 

Reinforced  Concrete  Construction. 


Section  330. 

Definitions. 

331. 

Application 

332. 

Concrete. 

333. 

Reinforcement. 

334. 

Working  stresses. 

335. 

Slabs  and  beams. 

336. 

Use  cf  fillers  in  floor  construction. 

337. 

Columns. 

338. 

Walls. 

339. 

Protection  of  reinforcement. 

340. 

Load  tests. 

341. 

Rules. 

0.  Definitions. 

For  the  purposes  of  this  article: 

a — reinforced  concrete  means  any  construction,  in  accordance  with  the  provisions 
of  this  article,  of  approved  concrete  in  which  steel  is  imbedded  in  such  a  manner  as 
to  increase  its  strength; 

b — the  span  of  beams  and  slabs  means  the  distance  from  centre  to  centre  of  sup¬ 
ports,  but  not  necessarily  exceeding  the  clear  span  plus  the  depth  of  beam  of  slab, 
provided  that  brackets  shall  not  be  considered  as  reducing  the  clear  span; 

c — the  length  of  columns  means  the  maximum  unsupported  length ; 

d — the  effective  area  of  a  concrete  column  with  lateral  reinforcement  means  the 
area  of  concrete  within  the  hoops  or  bands 

§331.  Application. 

Reinforced  concrete  may  be  used  for  all  types  of  construction,  provided  the  ma¬ 
terial  and  design  conform  to  the  requirements  of  this  article  and  such  rules  as  may 
be  adopted  by  the  superintendent  of  buildings  to  secure  safety  in  construction  and 
uniformity  in  practice.  (New.) 

♦Added  by  ord.  adopted  July  6,  1915;  effective  October  6.  1915. 

96 


BUILDING  CODE. 


§33 2.  Concrete. 

1.  Mixture.  The  concrete  for  reinforced  concrete  structures  shall  consist  of  a 
wet  mixture  of  1  part  of  Portland  cement  to  not  more  than  6  parts  of  aggre¬ 
gate,  fine  and  coarse,  either  in  the  proportion  of  1  part  of  cement,  2  parts  of  fine 
aggregate  and  4  parts  of  coarse  aggregate,  or  in  such  proportion  that  the  resistance 
of  the  concrete  to  crushing  shall  not  be  less  than  2,000  pounds  per  square  inch  after 
hardening  for  28  days. 

2.  Aggregate,  a — Fine.  Fine  aggregate  shall  consist  of  sand,  crushed  stone  or 
gravel  screenings,  passing  when  dry  a  screen  having  %  inch  diameter  holes,  and 
not  more  than  6  per  cent,  passing  a  sieve  having  100  meshes  per  lineal  inch,  and 
of  such  quality  that  mortars  composed  of  1  part  Portland  cement  and  3  parts  fine 
aggregate  by  weight  when  made  into  briquettes  will  show  a  tensile  strength  of  at 
least  240  pounds  per  square  inch  at  28  days. 

b — Coarse.  Coarse  aggregate  shall  consist  of  crushed  stone  or  gravel  which  is 
retained  on  a  screen  having  y  inch  diameter  holes  and  graded  in  size  from  small 
to  large  particles.  The  maximum  size  shall  be  such  that  all  the  aggregate  will  pass 
through  a  1 %  inch  diameter  ring.  All  aggregate  shall  be  clean,  hard,  durable  and  free 
from  deleterious  materials.  (New.) 

§333.  Reinforcement. 

The  steel  reinforcement  shall  conform  to  such  requirements  as  may  be  adopted 
by  the  superintendent  of  buildings,  or,  in  the  absence  of  such  requirements,  to  the 
standard  specifications  of  the  American  Society  for  Testing  Materials  for  steel  rein¬ 
forcement  bars.  Nothing  herein  contained  shall  prevent  the  use  of  steel  wire  or 
fabric  for  the  reinforcement  of  slabs,  for  lateral  reinforcement  of  columns,  or  for 
resistance  to  shrinkage  and  temperature  stresses.  (New.) 

§334.  Working  stresses. 

Reinforced  concrete  structures  shall  be  so  designated  that  the  stresses  in  pounds 


per  square  inch  shall  not  exceed  the  following: 

Extreme  fibre  stress  on  concrete  in  compression . . .  650, 

Concrete  in  direct  compression . .  500, 

Shearing  stress  in  concrete  when  all  diagonal  tension  is  resisted  by  steel .  150, 

Shearing  stress  in  concrete  when  diagonal  tension  is  not  resisted  by  steel .  40, 

Bond  stress  between  concrete  and  plain  reinforcement .  80, 

Bond  stress  between  concrete  and  appioved  deformed  bars .  100, 

Tensile  stress  in  steel  reinforcement .  16,000, 

Tensile  stress  in  cold  drawn  steel  wire  or  fabric,  35  per  cent,  or  the  elastic 
limit  but  not  more  than .  20,000, 


In  continuous  beams  the  extreme  fibre  stress  on  concrete  in  compression  may  be 
increased  15  per  cent,  adjacent  to  supports. 

The  ratio  of  the  moduli  of  elasticity  of  1 :2  :4  stone  or  gravel  concrete  and  steel 
shall  be  taken  as  1  to  15.  The  ratio  of  the  moduli  of  elasticity  of  1: 1/2:3  stone  or 
gravel  concrete  and  steel  shall  be  taken  as  1  to  12.  (New.) 

§335.  Slabs  and  beams. 

1.  Thickness.  Slabs  shall  not  be  less  than  4  inches  in  thickness  for  floors  and 
Zl/2  inches  for  roofs. 

2.  Tee-beams.  Where  adequate  bond  between  slab  and  web  of  beam  is  provided, 
the  slab  may  be  considered  as  an  integral  part  of  the  beam,  provided  its  effective 
width  shall  not  exceed  on  either  side  of  the  beam  1/6  of  the  span  length  of  the  beam 
nor  be  greater  than  6  times  the  thickness  of  the  slab  on  either  side  of  the  beam,  the 
measurements  being  taken  from  edge  of  web.  (New.) 

3.  Placing  of  reinforcement.  All  reinforcement  shall  be  accurately  located  and 

97 


CHAP.  5,  ART.  16,  SECS.  336 ,  337. 


secured  against  displacement.  The  reinforcement  for  slabs  shall  not  be  spaced  farther 
apart  than  iy2  times  the  thickness  of  the  slab.  (New.) 

4.  Web  reinforcement.  Members  of  web  reinforcement  shall  be  so  designed  as 
adequately  to  take  up  throughout  their  length  all  stresses  not  taken  up  by  the  concrete. 
They  shall  not  be  spaced  to  exceed  Y\  of  the  depth  of  the  beam  in  that  portion^  where 
the  web  stresses  exceed  the  allowable  value  of  concrete  in  shear.  Web  reinforcement, 
unless  rigidly  attached,  shall  be  placed  at  right  angles  to  the  axis  of  the  beam  and 
carried  around  the  tension  members.  (New.) 

§336.  Use  of  fillers  in  floor  construction. 

When  hollow  tile,  concrete  blocks  or  other  acceptable  fillers  are  used  in  any  rein¬ 
forced  concrete  floor  construction,  the  reinforced  concrete  members  of  such  floor 
construction  shall  be  designed  in  accordance  with  the  provisions  of  this  article  to  take 
the  entire  loads,  provided,  however,  that  when  the  fillers  do  not  exceed  60  per  cent, 
of  the  construction,  not  more  than  2^4  inches  of  concrete  shall  be  required  over  the 
fillers..  (New.) 

§337.  Columns. 

1.  With  longitudinal  reinforcement  only.  In  concrete  columns,  having  not  less 
than  J4  nor  more  than  4  per  cent,  of  the  vertical  reinforcement  secured  against  dis¬ 
placement  by  x/\  inch  steel  ties  placed  not  farther  apart  than  15  diameters  of  the 
vertical  rods  nor  more  than  12  inches,  the  allowable  load  shall  be  500  pounds  per 
square  inch  on  the  concrete,  plus  7,500  pounds  on  the  vertical  reinforcements.  (New.) 

2.  With  longitudinal  and  lateral  reinforcement.  In  concrete  columns,  having  not 
less  than  y2  nor  more  than  2  per  cent,  of  hoops  or  spirals,  spaced  not  farther  apart 
than  1/6  of  the  diameter  of  the  enclosed  column  nor  more  than  3  inches,  and  having 
not  less  than  1  nor  more  than  4  per  cent,  of  vertical  reinforcement,  the  allowable 
load  shall  be  500  pounds  per  square  inch  on  the  effective  area  of  the  concrete,  plus 
7,500  pounds  per  square  inch  on  the  vertical  reinforcement,  plus  a  load  per  square 
inch  on  the  effective  area  of  the  concrete  equal  to  2  times  the  percentage  of  lateral 
reinforcement  multiplied  by  the  tensile  stress  in  the  lateral  reinforcement  prescribed 
by  §334  of  this  article,  the  percentage  of  lateral  reinforcement  being  the  volume  of  the 
hoops  or  spirals  divided  by  the  volume  of  the  enclosed  concrete  in  a  unit  length  of 
column.  The  hoops  or  spirals  shall  be  rigidly  secured  to  at  least  4  verticals  to  insure 
uniform  spacing.  (New.) 

3.  Structural  steel  and  concrete.  In  columns  of  structural  steel,  thoroughly  en¬ 
cased  in  concrete  not  less  than  4  inches  thick  and  reinforced  with  not  less  than  1 
per  cent,  of  steel,  the  allowable  load  shall  be  16,000  pounds  per  square  inch  on  the 
structural  steel,  the  percentage  of  reinforcement  being  the  volume  of  the  reinforcing 
steel  divided  by  the  volume  of  the  concrete  enclosed  by  the  reinforcing  steel.  Not 
more  than  J4  of  the  reinforcing  steel  shall  be  placed  vertically.  The  reinforcing 
steel  shall  not  be  placed  nearer  than  1  inch  to  the  structural  steel  or  to  the  outer 
surface  of  the  concrete.  The  ratio  of  length  to  least  radius  of  gyration  of  structural 
steel  section  shall  not  exceed  120.  (New.) 

4.  When  richer  concrete  is  used.  In  concrete  columns  the  compression  on  the 
concrete  may  be  increased  20  per  cent,  when  the  fine  and  coarse  aggregates  are 
carefully  selected  and  the  proportion  of  cement  to  total  aggregate  is  increased  to  1 
part  of  cement  to  not  more  than  4^4  parts  of  aggregate,  fine  and  coarse,  either  in  the 
proportion  of  1  part  of  cement,  \l/2  parts  of  fine  aggregate  and  three  parts  of  coarse 
aggregate,  or  in  such  proportion  as  will  secure  the  maximum  density.  In  such  cases, 
however,  the  compressive  stress  in  the  vertical  steel  shall  not  exceed  7,200  pounds  per 
square  inch.  (New.) 


98 


BUILDING  CODE. 


5.  Eccentric  load.  Bending  stresses  due  to  eccentric  loads  shall  be  provided  for, 
by  increasing  the  section  of  concrete  or  steel  until  the  maximum  stress  shall  not 
exceed  the  allowable  working  stress.  (New.) 

6.  Length.  In  columns,  the  ratio  of  length  to  least  side  or  diameter  shall  not 
exceed  15,  but  in  no  case  shall  the  least  side  or  diameter  be  less  than  12  inches.  (New.) 

§338.  Walls. 

Enclosure  walls  of  reinforced  concrete  shall  be  securely  anchored  at  all  floors. 
The  thickness  shall  be  not  less  than  1/25  of  the  unsupported  height,  but  in  no  case 
less  than  8  inches.  The  steel  reinforcement,  running  both  horizontally  and  vertically, 
shall  be  placed  near  both  faces  of  the  wall;  the  total  weight  of  such  reinforcement 
shall  be  not  less  than  y2  pound  per  square  foot  of  wall.  (New.) 

§339.  Protection  of  reinforcement. 

The  reinforcement  in  columns  and  girders  shall  be  protected  by  a  minimum  of 
2  inches  of  concrete;  in  beams  and  walls  by  a  minimum  of  \l/2  inches  in  floor  slabs 
by  a  minimum  of  1  inch;  and  in  footings  by  a  minimum  of  4  inches  of  concrete. 
(New.) 

§340.  Load  tests. 

The  builder  may  be  required  to  make  load  tests  on  any  portion  of  a  reinforced 
concrete  structure  within  a  reasonable  time  after  erection.  The  tests  shall  be  made 
under  the  direction  of  the  superintendent  of  buildings,  and  shall  show  that  the  con¬ 
struction  will  sustain  safely  a  load  of  1  times  the  live  load  for  which  it  was  designed. 
(New.) 

§341.  Rules. 

The  rules  governing  reinforced  concrete  in  building  construction,  heretofore 
adopted  by  the  superintendent  of  buildings,  so  far  as  they  are  consistent  with  the 
provisions  of  this  article,  shall  remain  effective  until  amended  or  repealed  by  the  super¬ 
intendent  of  buildings.  (New.) 


^ARTICLE  17. 


Section  350. 

Fireproof  Construction. 

Walls. 

351. 

Iron  and  steel  construction. 

352. 

Masonry. 

353. 

Reinforced  concrete. 

354. 

Floors  and  roofs. 

355. 

Partitions. 

356. 

Interior  finish. 

357. 

Exterior  windows. 

358. 

Approvals. 

50.  Walls. 

The  exterior  walls  or  piers  of  fireproof  buildings  shall  be  approved  masonry  or 
reinforced  concrete.  (B.  C.,  §105.) 


§351.  Iron  and  steel  construction. 

1.  General.  All  metal  structural  members  which  support  loads  or  resist  stresses, 
in  fireproof  buildings,  shall  be  entirely  encased  in  fireproofing  material  securely 
applied  as  hereinafter  specified.  (B.  C,  §107.) 

2.  Columns,  a.  In  exterior  walls.  Iron  or  steel  columns  placed  within  exterior 
walls  or  along  the  outer  lines  of  a  building  shall  be  encased  with  approved  masonry 

♦Amended  by  ordinance  adopted  July  6,  1915;  effective  October  6,  1915. 


99 


CHAP.  5 ,  ART.  17,  SEC.  351. 


not  less  than  8  inches  thick  on  their  outer  and  side  surfaces,  nor  less  than  4  inches 
thick  on  their  inner  surfaces. 

b.  Interior.  Iron  and  steel  columns  used  in  the  interior  of  a  building  shall  be 
encased  in  all  sides  with  fireproofing  materials  not  less  than  2  inches  thick. 

c.  Lugs  and  brackets.  The  extreme  outer  edges  of  lugs,  brackets  or  other  sup¬ 
porting  parts  of  columns  shall  not  extend  nearer  than  1  inch  to  the  outer  surface 
of  the  fireproof  casing. 

d.  Protection  to  fireproofing.  Where  the  fireproofing  of  columns  is  exposed 
to  damage  from  trucking  or  handling  of  merchandise,  the  superintendent  of  buildings 
may  require  such  fireproofing  to  be  jacketed  for  a  height  of  3  feet  from  the  floor 
with  a  protective  covering.  (B.  C.,  §110.) 

3.  Beams  and  girders.  Iron  or  steel  beams  and  girders  shall  be  entirely  encased 
in  fireproofing  materials  not  less  than  2  inches  thick  at  any  point  when  supporting  a 
wall  or  part  thereof  or  a  sidewalk,  and  not  less  than  \y2  inches  thick  in  any  case. 
(B.  C.,  §107.) 

4.  Lintels,  a.  Iron  or  steel.  Iron  or  steel  lintels  over  openings  in  walls  shall 
be  encased  as  required  for  beams,  provided  that  when  the  span  of  any  such  opening 
does  not  exceed  4  feet  or  such  opening  is  spanned  by  an  adequate  masonry  arch 
above  the  lintel  the  fireproofing  may  be  omitted. 

b.  Stone.  Stone  lintels  shall  not  be  used  in  fireproof  buildings  unless  supple¬ 
mented  on  the  inside  of  the  wall  with  iron  or  steel  lintels,  or  with  suitable  masonry 
arches.  (New.) 

5.  Trusses,  a.  General.  All  members  of  steel  trusses,  except  roof  trusses 
hereinafter  specified,  shall  be  entirely  encased  in  fireproofing  materials  not  less  than 
2  inches  thick  at  any  point. 

b.  Roof  trusses.  The  fireproofing  herein  required  for  trusses  may  be  omitted 
when  such  trusses  support  only  roof  loads  and  ceilings  over  interior  open  spaces  hav¬ 
ing  a  clear  height  of  at  least  20  feet  below  the  lower  chords  of  the  trusses.  In 
such  cases  the  fireproofing  may  also  be  omitted  from  the  soffits  of  roof  beams  or 
purlins.  (New.) 

6.  Fireproofing  materials.  The  fireproofing  required  by  this  section  shall  consist 
of  any  of  the  following  materials : 

a.  Bonded  brickwork  laid  in  cement  mortar; 

b.  Concrete  consisting  of  1  part  Portland  cement,  and  not  more  than  2  parts 
of  sand  and  4  parts  of  gravel,  stone  or  other  approved  aggregate  that  will  pass 
through  a  24  inch  ring,  suitably  reinforced  with  wire  or  metal  fabric; 

c.  Cinder  concrete  consisting  of  1  part  Portland  cement  and  not  more  than  2 
parts  of  sand  and  5  parts  of  clean,  well-burned  steam  boiler  cinders,  suitably  rein¬ 
forced  with  wire  or  metal  fabric; 

d.  Porous  or  semi-porous  terra  cotta  blocks  with  shells  and  webs  at  least  1 
inch  thick,  laid  in  cement  mortar,  thoroughly  bonded  or  secured  by  metal  ties ; 

e.  Solid  gypsum  blocks,  containing  not  more  than  25  per  cent,  by  weight  of 
cinders,  asbestos  fibre,  wood  chips  or  vegetable  fibre,  laid  in  gypsum  plaster  or  cement 
mortar,  thoroughly  bonded  or  secured  by  suitable  galvanized  metal  ties  or  fabric;  or 

f.  Any  material  or  form  of  construction  that  will  resist  the  action  of  flame  and 
a  heat  of  1,700  degrees  Fahrenheit  for  at  least  2  hours,  without  raising  the  tempera¬ 
ture  of  the  material  to  be  protected  above  550  degrees  Fahrenheit  by  transmission 
through  a  thickness  of  2  inches,  as  determined  by  test  prescribed  in  the  rules  adopted 
by  the  superintendent  of  buildings.  (New.) 

7.  Prohibition.  No  pipes,  wires,  cables  or  other  material  shall  be  embedded  in 
the  required  fireproofing  of  columns  or  other  structural  members.  (New.) 

100 


BUILDING  CODE. 


§352.  Masonry. 

Interior  walls,  piers,  arches  and  vaultings  that  support  loads  in  addition  to  their 
own  weight  in  fireproof  buildings  shall  be  constructed  of  approved  masonry,  except 
that  stone  masonry  shall  not  be  used  for  such  purpose,  or  for  columns  or  lintels 
unless  supplemented  by  other  approved  masonry  or  by  properly  protected  iron  or 
steel  construction.  (B.  G,  §105.) 

§353.  Reinforced  concrete. 

Reinforced  concrete  construction  conforming  with  the  requirements  of  article  16 
of  this  chapter  shall  be  deemed  fireproof  construction.  (New.) 

§354.  Floors  and  roofs. 

1.  General.  The  filling  between  steel  floors  and  roof  beams  in  fireproof  build¬ 
ings  shall  consist  of  arches  or  slabs  of  brick,  terra  cotta,  stone  concrete  or  cinder 
concrete,  constructed  as  hereinafter  specified,  or  of  such  other  material  or  construc¬ 
tion  as  may  be  approved  by  the  superintendent  of  buildings  as  conforming  to  the  re¬ 
quirements  of  the  fire  and  strength  tests  hereinafter  prescribed.  (B.  C,  §106.) 

2.  Brick  arches.  When  brick  is  used  as  floor  filling  it  shall  consist  of  segmental 
arches  having  a  thickness  of  not  less  than  4  inches  for  spans  of  5  feet  or  less,  and 
of  not  less  than  8  inches  for  spans  exceeding  5  feet.  Such  arches  shall  be  built  of 
good,  hard  common  or  hollow  brick,  laid  to  a  line  and  solidly  bonded.  Each  longi¬ 
tudinal  line  of  brick  shall  break  joints  with  the  adjoining  lines.  The  arches  shall 
spring  from  suitable  skewbacks,  and  shall  be  properly  keyed.  The  rise  shall  be  not 
less  than  1  inch  for  each  foot  of  span.  The  brick  shall  be  well  wet  before  laying, 
and  the  joints  filled  solid  with  cement  mortar.  (B.  C,  §106.) 

3.  Terra  cotta  arches,  a.  Material.  When  terra  cotta  is  used  as  floor  filling  it 
shall  consist  of  hollow  blocks,  either  hard  burned  or  semi-porous,  of  uniform  density 
and  hardness.  The  thickness  of  shells  and  webs  of  each  block  shall  be  not  less  than 

of  an  inch.  Interior  vertical  and  horizontal  webs  of  arch  blocks  shall  not  be  spaced 
more  than  4  inches  apart.  The  skewbacks  shall  be  of  such  form  and  section  as  to 
accurately  fit  the  beams  and  properly  receive  the  thrust  of  the  arches.  The  arch 
blocks  shall  be  laid  in  cement  mortar  and  properly  keyed. 

b.  Segmental  arches.  When  terra  cotta  filling  is  segmental  in  form  the  blocks 
shall  be  not  less  than  6  inches  in  depth,  with  at  least  2  cellular  spaces  in  such  depth. 
The  rise  of  such  arches  shall  be  not  less  than  1  inch  for  each  foot  of  span. 

c.  Flat  arches.  When  terra  cotta  filling  is  in  the  form  of  flat  arches,  the  depth 
of  the  blocks,  unless  reinforced  with  steel,  shall  be  not  less  than  1  Vz  inches  for  each 
foot  of  span  between  the  steel  beams,  exclusive  of  the  portion  of  the  block  projecting 
below  the  underside  of  the  beams. 

d.  Strength  of  terra  cotta  arches.  Terra  cotta  filling  shall  be  so  designed  that  it 
will  safely  sustain  the  superimposed  loads  by  increasing  so  far  as  may  be  necessary 
the  depth  and  the  thickness  of  shells  and  webs  of  the  blocks.  When  such  filling  is 
reinforced  by  wire  fabric,  steel  rods  or  other  steel  shapes,  thoroughly  embedded  in 
Portland  cement  mortar  and  bonded  to  the  terra  cotta,  the  strength  of  the  construc¬ 
tion  may  be  determined  by  accepted  engineering  formulae.  For  the  purposes  of  this 
section,  the  working  stresses,  in  pounds  per  square  inch,  shall  be  taken  at  500  for  terra 
cotta  in  compression,  16,000  for  steel  in  tension,  and  100  for  bond  between  steel  and 
mortar  and  between  terra  cotta  and  mortar.  (B.  C.  §106.) 

4.  Concrete  floor  arches,  a.  Material.  When  concrete  is  used  as  floor  filling 
it  shall  consist  of  1  part  of  Portland  cement,  and  not  more  than  2  parts  of  sand  and 
5  parts  of  stone,  gravel  or  cinders,  reinforced  in  the  case  of  slab  construction  with 
steel  as  herein  provided.  The  stone  or  gravel  shall  be  as  required  for  reinforced 
concrete  in  article  16  of  this  chapter.  Cinders  shall  be  clean,  well  burned  steam  boiler 
cinders. 


101 


CHAP.  5 ,  ART.  17,  SEC.  354. 


b.  Reinforcement.  When  reinforcement  is  required  it  shall  consist  of  steel  rods 
or  other  suitable  shapes,  or  steel  fabric.  The  tensional  reinforcement  in  any  case 
shall  be  not  less  than  12/100  per  cent,  in  the  case  of  cold  drawn  steel  fabric,  nor  less 
than  25/100  per  cent,  in  the  case  of  other  forms,  the  percentage  being  based  on  the! 
sectional  area  of  slab  above  the  centre  of  the  reinforcement.  The  centre  of  the  rein¬ 
forcement  shall  be  at  least  1  inch  above  the  bottom  of  the  slab,  but  in  no  case  shall 
any  part  of  the  reinforcement  come  within  £4  of  an  inch  from  the  bottom  of  the 
slab. 

c.  Segmental  form.  When  the  concrete  floor  filling  is  used  in  the  form  of 
segmental  arches,  the  thickness  shall  be  at  least  4  inches  at  the  crown.  Such  arches 
shall  have  a  rise  of  not  less  than  1  inch  for  each  foot  of  span. 

d.  Flat  construction.  When  the  concrete  floor  filling  is  in  the  form  of  slabs 
the  thickness  shall  be  not  less  than  4  inches,  except  as  otherwise  provided  in  this 
article  for  special  roof  construction. 

e.  Strength  of  concrete  slabs.  In  determining  the  safe  carrying  capacities  of 
concrete  slab  floor  fillings,  the  gross  load  in  pounds  per  square  foot  of  floor  surface 
shall  not  exceed  the  product  of  the  depth  in  inches  of  the  reinforcement  below  the 
top  of  the  slab,  by  the  cross-sectional  area  in  square  inches  per  foot  of  width  of  the 
tensional  steel,  divided  by  the  square  of  the  span  in  feet,  all  multiplied  by  the  follow¬ 
ing  co-efficients  when  cinder  concrete  is  used,  14,000  if  the  reinforcement  is  not 
continuous  over  the  supports,  18,000  if  the  reinforcement  consists  of  rods  or  other 
shapes  securely  hooked  over  or  attached  to  the  supports,  and  26,000  if  the  reinforce¬ 
ment  consists  of  steel  fabric  continuous  over  the  supports,  and,  when  stone  con¬ 
crete  is  used,  16,000,  20,000  and  30,000,  respectively. 

In  determining  the  safe  carrying  capacities  of  concrete  floor  fillings  segmental 
in  form,  the  compressive  stress  in  pounds  per  square  inch  in  the  concrete  shall  not 
exceed  300  for  cinder  concrete  or  500  for  stone  concrete. 

Nothing  in  this  section  shall  prevent  the  determination  of  the  safe  carrying 
capacity  of  any  form  of  concrete  floor  filling  approved  as  fireproof  under  the  pro¬ 
visions  of  this  article,  by  the  usual  methods  of  calculation,  provided  the  stresses  used, 
in  pounds  per  square  inch,  shall  not  exceed  300  for  cinder  concrete  in  compression, 
16,000  for  steel  in  tension,  and  50  for  bond  between  cinder  concrete  and  steel,  or 
in  the  case  of  stone  concrete,  the  values  fixed  by  article  16.  (B.  C.  §106.) 

5.  Test  of  floor  fillings,  a.  Fire  tests.  In  testing  the  fireproof  qualities  of  any 
floor  filling,  at  least  1  panel  of  the  proposed  maximum  span,  carrying  a  live  load 
of  at  least  150  pounds  per  square  foot,  shall  be  subjected  to  a  fire  continuous  for 
4  hours  at  an  average  temperature  of  1700  degrees  Fahrenheit,  followed  by  an  appli¬ 
cation  for  not  less  than  10  minutes  of  a  hose  stream  from  a  X%  inch  nozzle  at  60 
pounds  nozzle  pressure,  without  appreciable  deterioration  or  the  passage  of  flame 
through  the  floor  during  the  test- 

b.  Load  tests.  When  the  strength  of  any  floor  filling  cannot  be  determined  by 
the  methods  prescribed  in  this  section  or  by  the  application  of  accepted  engineering 
formulae  the  safe  uniformity  distributed  carrying  capacity  shall  be  taken  as  }/&  of 
the  total  load  causing  failure  in  a  full-sized  construction  with  the  load  applied  at  2 
points  each  at  x/z  of  the  span  from  the  ends  of  the  span.  (B.  C.,  §106.) 

6.  Special  roof  construction.  For  mansards  and  dormers,  roofs  of  bulkheads 
and  roofs  having  a  pitch  of  more  than  30  degrees  with  the  horizontal,  blocks  of 
terra  cotta,  stone  or  cinder  concrete,  or  gypsum  containing  not  more  than  25  per 
cent,  by  weight  of  cinders,  asbestos  fibre,  wood  chips  or  vegetable  fibre,  not  less  than 
2  inches  thick,  resting  on  steel  shapes  spaced  not  more  than  1  foot  for  each  inch 
of  thickness  in  the  block  may  be  used  instead  of  the  construction  prescribed  in  this 
section  for  floors  and  roofs.  (New.) 

7.  Tie  rods .  The  supporting  beams  in  fireproof  floors  and  roofs  shall  be  tied 
together  by  steel  tie  rods  of  proper  size,  spacing  and  location,  within  the  limitations 

102 


BUILDING  CODE . 


fixed  by  §308  of  this  chapter,  provided  that  when  the  floor  filling  is  in  the  form  of 
reinforced  slabs  and  the  reinforcement  is  continuous  over  the  supports  or  securely 
attached  to  the  same  tie  rods  may  be  omitted.  (B.  C.  §106.) 

8.  Span  of  floor  filling.  In  fireproof  buildings  the  span  of  any  floor  filling  shall 
not  exceed  8  feet,  except  when  reinforced  concrete  or  reinforced  terra  cotta  is  used. 
(New.) 

9.  Top  filling.  In  fireproof  buildings  the  space  between  the  floor  filling  and  the 
flooring  shall  be  filled  with  concrete,  consisting  of  1  part  of  cement  and  not  more 
than  10  parts  of  cinders,  or  with  other  incombustible  material  approved  by  the 
rules  of  the  superintendent  of  buildings.  (B.  C.,  §106.) 

10-  Cutting  floors.  After  the  floor  filling  is  completed,  no  opening  greater  than 

2  square  feet  shall  be  cut  through  said  floors  unless  suitable  metal  framing  or  rein¬ 
forcing  is  provided  around  the  opening.  When  pipes  or  conduits  pass  through  floor 
filling  the  openings  around  the  same  shall  be  filled  in  solidly  with  fireproof  material 
unless  approved  close  fitting  individual  sleeves,  with  the  space  around  the  sleeves 
filled  solidly  with  incombustible  material  are  provided.  (B.  C.,  §106.) 

§355.  Partitions. 

1.  Materials.  Except  as  otherwise  provided  in  this  section  or  in  article  18  of 
this  chapter,  partitions  hereafter  erected  in  fireproof  buildings  shall  be  constructed 
of  the  materials  and  in  the  manner  herein  specified : 

a.  Brick  in  cement  mortar ; 

b.  Concrete,  consisting  of  1  part  Portland  cement  and  not  more  than  3  parts  of 
sand  and  6  parts  of  stone  or  gravel,  not  less  than  3  inches  thick  if  properly  reinforced 
with  steel,  nor  less  than  4  inches  thick  otherwise ; 

c.  Cinder  concrete,  .  consisting  of  1  part  Portland  cement  and  not  more  than 

3  parts  of  sand  and  6  parts  of  cinders,  not  less  than  4  inches  thick  if  properly  rein¬ 
forced  with  steel,  nor  less  than  5  inches  thick  otherwise ; 

d.  Hollow  terra  cotta  blocks,  laid  in  cement  mortar,  not  less  than  3  inches  thick; 

e.  Hollow  concrete  blocks,  of  either  stone  or  cinder  concrete,  laid  in  cement 
mortar,  not  less  than  3  inches  thick; 

f.  Solid  or  hollow  blocks  consisting  of  gpysum  containing  not  more  than  25  per 
cent,  by  weight  of  cinders,  asbestos  fibre,  wood  chips  or  vegetable  fibre,  laid  in 
gypsum  plaster  or  cement  mortar  tempered  with  lime,  not  less  than  3  inches  thick; 

g.  Metal  lath  on  a  steel  studding  covered  with  Portland  cement  mortar  or  gyp¬ 
sum  plaster,  of  a  finished  thickness  of  not  less  than  2  inches  in  the  case  of  solid 
partitions,  nor  less  than  3  inches  in  the  case  of  hollow  partitions ;  or 

h.  Any  material  or  form  of  construction  that  may  be  approved  by  the  super¬ 
intendent  of  buildings  as  conforming  to  the  requirements  of  the  fire  test  hereinafter 
prescribed. 

But  nothing  in  this  section  shall  prevent  the  erection,  in  the  discretion  of  the 
superintendent  of  buildings,  of  partitions  of  pressed  metal  and  glass  or  of  temporary 
partitions  of  wood  and  glass  within  rooms  or  spaces  enclosed  by  fireproof  partitions 
or  walls.  (New.) 

2.  Construction.  Unless  built  as  approved  masonry  walls,  partitions  in  fireproof 
buildings  shall  be  independently  supported  at  each  floor.  They  shall  be  keyed,  or 
otherwise  securely  fastened  to  the  ceilings,  and,  when  necessary,  shall  be  stiffened 
with  suitable  steel  uprights  securely  fastened  to  floor  and  ceiling.  Partitions  enclos¬ 
ing  hallways  or  toilet  rooms  and  other  permanent  partitions  shall  not  rest  on  wood 
flooring  but  shall  start  on  the  fireproof  construction  of  the  floor.  (New.) 

3.  Tests  of  fireproof  partitions.  In  testing  the  fireproof  qualities  of  any  par¬ 
tition  construction,  a  vertical  panel  not  less  than  14  feet  long  and  9  feet  high  shall 
be  subjected  to  a  fire  continuous  for  not  less  than  1  hour  at  an  average  temperature 


103 


CHAP.  5,  ART.  17,  SECS.  356-358. 


of  1700  degrees  Fahrenheit  during  the  latter  half  hour,  followed  by  an  application 
for  not  less  than  2*4  minutes  of  a  hose  stream  from  a  T%  inch  nozzle  at  30  pounds 
nozzle  pressure,  without  the  passage  of  flame  during  the  test.  (New.) 

§356.  Interior  finish. 

1.  General  restrictions.  Except  as  hereinafter  otherwise  permitted  no  woodwork 
or  other  combustible  material  shall  be  used  in  the  floors,  ceilings,  partitions,  furrings 
or  other  interior  finish  of  fireproof  buildings. 

2.  Woodwork  permitted,  a.  Floor  sleepers,  door  bucks  and  grounds  may  be  of 
wood  provided  that  they  are  not  exposed  on  any  side;  but  this  shall  not  permit  the 
use  of  anything  but  metal  lath,  metal  furrings  or  forms  of  metal  in  ceilings  or  in  orna¬ 
mental  plastering  work. 

b.  When  the  height  of  the  building  does  not  exceed  150  feet  the  doors  and 
windows  and  their  frames,  the  trim,  casings  and  other  interior  finish  when  filled  solid 
at  the  back  with  fireproof  material,  and  the  flooring  may  be  of  wood.  (B.  C.,  §105.) 

3.  Restrictions  in  buildings  over  150  feet  high.  When  the  height  of  the  building 
exceeds  150  feet: 

a.  The  flooring  shall  be  of  incombustible  material,  or  of  fireproof  wood, 
provided  that  in  public  halls  and  stairways  no  wood  of  any  kind,  except  for  handrails, 
shall  be  used ; 

b.  The  inside  window  frames  and  sash,  doors,  trim  and  other  interior  finish  shall 
be  of  metal  or  wood  covered  with  metal,  or  of  fireproofed  wood,  or  of  any  incom¬ 
bustible  materials  or  any  combination  of  materials  that  will  show  a  fire  resistance  not 
less  than  that  of  a  fireproofed  wood. 

4.  Fireproofed  wood.  The  superintendent  of  buildings  shall  adopt  rules  prescrib¬ 
ing  the  tests  to  which  fireproofed  wood  and  incombustible  materials  or  any  combina¬ 
tion  of  materials  shall  be  subjected.  Such  rules  shall  also  provide  for  the  inspection 
of  the  materials,  to  insure  the  installation  of  tested  and  approved  materials  only.  No 
wood  or  other-material  required  to  be  tested,  shall  hereafter  be  placed  in  any  building 
exceeding  150  feet  in  height  except  in  conformity  to  the  requirements  of  this  section. 
(B.  C.,  §105.) 

§357.  Exterior  windows. 

When  the  height  of  a  fireproof  building  exceeds  150  feet,  all  exterior  window 
frames  and  sash  shall  be  of  metal,  or  of  wood  covered  with  metal  in  the  manner 
prescribed  by  the  rules  of  the  superintendent  of  buildings.  (B.  C.,  §105.) 

§358.  Approvals. 

1.  Existing  approvals  continued.  Any  material  or  form  of  construction  coming 
under  the  provisions  of  this  article  and  heretofore  approved  may  be  used  for  the 
purposes  for  which  it  was  approved,  except  so  far  as  it  may  be  inconsistent  with 
specific  provisions  of  this  article.  (New.) 

2.  New  materials  and  constructions.  Approvals  for  new  materials  and  forms  of 
construction  shall  be  issued  in  accordance  with  the  provisions  of  §22  of  this  chapter. 
Nothing  in  this  chapter  shall  prevent  the  superintendent  of  buildings  from  accepting 
duly  authenticated  tests  by  any  competent  person,  in  lieu  of  the  tests  under  his  own 
supervision,  provided  the  intent  of  this  article  is  secured.  (New.) 

3.  Saving  clause.  Nothing  in  this  article  shall  prohibit  the  use  of  material  already 
fabricated  or  of  any  construction  already  erected,  which  conforms  to  previously 
existing  statutes,  but  this  shall  not  be  construed  to  permit  the  continuance  of  any 
construction  erected  in  violation  of  any  statute  previously  in  force,  nor  to  prevent 
the  collection  of  any  penalty  heretofore  incurred.  (New.) 


104 


BUILDING  CODE. 


^ARTICLE  18. 


Safeguards  against  spread  of  fire. 


Section  370. 

371. 

372. 

373. 

374. 

375. 

376. 


Definitions. 

Fire  walls. 

Fire  partitions. 

Shafts. 

Existing  hoistways. 

Protection  of  exterior  openings. 
Protectives  for  openings. 


§370.  Definitions. 

For  the  purpose  of  this  chapter : 

a — a  fire  wall  is  any  wall  built  for  the  purpose  of  restricting  the  area  subject  to  the 
spread  of  fire; 

b — a  fire  partition  is  a  subdividing  partition  built  for  the  purpose  of  protecting  life 
by  providing  an  area  of  refuge ; 

c — a  shaft  is  an  enclosed  space  extending  through  1  or  more  stories  of  a  build¬ 
ing  connecting  a  series  of  2  or  more  openings  in  successive  floors,  or  floors 
and  roof ; 

d — an  open  shaft  is  one  that  extends  through  the  roof  of  a  building  and  is  open  to 
the  outer  air  at  the  top ; 

e — a  vent  shaft  is  one  used  solely  to  ventilate  or  light,  or  both,  one  or  more  water- 
closet  compartments  or  bathrooms ; 

f — an  elevator  shaft  is  one  that  encloses  any  device  used  for  carrying  persons  or  things 
upward  or  downward ; 

g — a  dumbwaiter  shaft  is  an  elevator  shaft  which  has  a  cross-sectional  area  at  any 
point  of  9  square  feet  or  less,  and  in  which  the  device  is  used  only  for  the  carry¬ 
ing  of  things ; 

h — the  term  “self-closing,”  as  applied  to  a  fire  door  or  other  opening  protective,  means 
closing  automatically  after  having  been  opened  for  use; 
i — the  term  “automatic,*  as  applied  to  a  fire  door  or  other  opening  protective,  means 
normally  held  in  an  open  position  and  automatically  closing  by  the  action  of 
some  releasing  device. 

§371.  Fire  walls. 

1.  Construction .  Fire  walls  shall  be  constructed  of  approved  masonry  or  rein¬ 
forced  concrete  of  the  thicknesses  prescribed  by  this  chapter  for  the  exterior  walls  of 
the  building  in  which  it  is  erected,  but  if  hollow  terra  cotta  blocks  are  used  they  shall 
be  filled  solidly  with  concrete.  In  non-fireproof  buildings  fire  walls  shall  be  continuous 
from  the  foundation  to  the  roof  and  provided  above  the  roof  with  a  parapet  wall, 
as  specified  in  §259  of  this  chapter. 

2.  Openings.  No  opening  in  a  fire  wall  shall  succeed  80  square  feet  in  area, 
and  the  aggregate  width  of  all  openings  at  any  level  shall  not  exceed  25  per  cent, 
of  the  length  of  the  wall,  except  that  in  the  first  story  of  buildings  equipped  throughout 
with  an  approved  system  of  automatic  sprinklers  large  openings  and  a  greater  per¬ 
centage  of  wall  length  may  be  used  by  special  written  permission  of  the  superintend¬ 
ent  of  buildings,  stating  the  reason  for  such  allowance.  Every  opening  in  a  fire  wall 
shall  be  protected  on  each  side  of  the  wall  with  an  approved  automatic  fire  door. 
When  any  fire  wall  serves  also  as  a  fire  partition  it  shall  have  no  openings  other 
than  door  openings  not  exceeding  48  square  feet  in  area  and  one  of  the  automatic  fire 
doors  at  each  opening  shall  be  replaced  by  a  self-closing  fire  door. 

’’'Amended  by  ord.  adopted  Nov.  9,  1915,  effective  Feb.  9,  1916. 

105 


CHAP.  5,  ART.  18,  SECS.  372,  373. 


§372.  Fire  partitions. 

1.  Construction.  Fire  partitions  shall  be  constructed  of  the  materials  and  in  the 
manner  herein  specified,  as  follows : 

a — Approved  masonry; 

b — Any  form  of  fireproof  partition,  constructed  as  required  in  §355  of  this  chapter, 
provided;  (1)  that  such  partition  is  supported  on  each  story  on  fireproof  construction; 

(2)  That,  unless  otherwise  approved  after  the  3  hours  fire  test  herein  provided, 
the  thicknesses  are  not  less  than  8  inches  for  brick,  not  less  than  6  inches  for  stone 
or  cinder  concrete,  or  hollow  blocks  of  terra-cotta,  concrete  or  gypsum,  and  not  less 
than  4  inches  for  stone  or  cinder  concrete  if  properly  reinforced  with  steel; 

(3)  That,  unless  constructed  of  expanded  metal  or  wire  lath  and  cement  mortar  of 
a  finished  thickness  of  not  less  than  2^4  inches,  metal  lath  construction  shall  not  be 
used,  and, 

(4)  That  all  openings  in  partitions  of  hollow  building  blocks,  gypsum  or  metal  lath 
construction,  shall  be  adequately  reinforced  with  steel;  or, 

c — Any  material  and  form  of  construction  that  may  be  approved  by  the  super¬ 
intendent  of  buildings  as  conforming  to  the  requirements  of  the  fire  test  prescribed  in 
subdivision  3,  §355  of  this  chapter,  provided,  however,  that  for  fire  partitions  the  dura¬ 
tion  of  such  test  shall  be  not  less  than  3  hours  and  that  such  partitions  shall  be  sup¬ 
ported  at  each  story  on  fireproof  construction. 

2.  In  non-fireproof  buildings.  In  non-fireproof  buildings  fire  partitions,  if  re¬ 
quired  in  any  story,  shall  be  continuous  through  all  stories  from  the  foundation  to 
the  roof,  provided  that  if  any  of  the  floors  of  the  building  are  of  fireproof  construc¬ 
tion  for  their  full  extent  and  all  stairways  are  enclosed  in  approved  fireproof  con¬ 
struction,  fire  partitions  shall  be  required  to  be  continuous  only  from  one  such  fire¬ 
proof  floor  to  another  or  to  the  roof.  Any  such  fire  partition  shall  be  deemed  con¬ 
tinuous,  even  though  the  several  parts  are  not  directly  over  one  another  in  successive 
stories.  If  the  intervening  parts  of  the  floors  at  the  levels  where  offsets  occur,  are  of 
fireproof  construction  and  all  parts  not  supported  directly  on  the  foundations  are 
carried  on  fireproof  construction.  Fire  partitions  shall  be  carried  at  least  3  feet  above 
any  non-fireproof  roof. 

3.  Opening.  Fire  partitions  shall  have  no  openings  other  than  the  required  door 
openings.  No  such  door  opening  shall  exceed  48  square  feet  in  area.  If  more  than 
1  door  opening  is  required,  the  distance,  measured  along  the  line  of  the  fire  partition, 
between  any  door  and  the  next  one  shall  not  be  more  than  60  feet.  Every  opening 
in  a  fire  partition  shall  be  protected  by  an  approved  self-closing  fire  door. 

§373.  Shafts. 

1.  When  required.  Unless  otherwise  specifically  provided  by  any  other  law  or 
ordinance,  shafts  as  in  this  section  described  and  specified  shall  be  provided  in  all 
fireproof  and  non-fireproof  buildings  for  every  series  of  floor  openings,  except  stair¬ 
ways,  hereafter  placed  or  constructed  in  any  such  building,  whether  for  air,  light, 
elevator  or  any  other  purpose,  or  hereafter  altered  so  as  to  enlarge  any  of  such  open¬ 
ings,  or  to  change  their  use.  The  provisions  of  this  section  shall  not,  however,  be 
taken  to  apply  to  ducts  permitted  by  article  19  of  this  chapter. 

2.  Open  shafts.  All  open  shafts  hereafter  placed  in  any  building  shall  be  con¬ 
structed  of  approved  masonry  or  reinforced  concrete,  and  of  the  thicknesses  required 
for  exterior  walls,  provided  that  for  shaft  walls  not  exceeding  10  feet  in  length  the 
thickness  may  be  reduced  to  not  less  than  8  inches  for  the  uppermost  40  feet  and  4 
inches  more  for  each  lower  section  of  40  feet. 

3.  Shafts  exceeding  9  square  feet  in  area.  Except  as  hereinafter  provided  in 
this  section,  all  shafts  hereafter  erected  in  any  building  and  having  a  cross-sectional 

106 


BUILDING  CODE. 


area  at  any  point  within  the  enclosing  walls  of  more  than  9  square  feet,  and  all 
existing  shafts  hereafter  enlarged,  so  that  the  cross-sectional  area  at  any  point 
exceeds  9  square  feet,  shall  be  constructed  in  the  manner  and  of  the  material  and 
thickness  prescribed  in  subdivision  1,  §372  of  this  article  for  fire  partitions,  or  sub¬ 
division  2  of  this  section  for  open  shafts. 

4.  Shafts  not  exceeding  9  square  feet  in  area.-  All  shafts  hereafter  erected 
in  any  building  and  having  a  cross-sectional  area  at  any  point  of  9  square  feet  or 
less,  except  as  hereafter  provided  in  this  section,  shall  be  constructed  of  approved 
masonry,  reinforced  concrete,  or  any  material  or  form  of  construction,  not  less  than 
2  inches  thick,  permitted  under  the  provisions  of  §355  of  this  chapter  as  permanent 
fireproof  partitions,  set  in  a  steel  frame  of  proper  strength  or  suitably  reinforced  with 
metal  dowels,  or  in  such  other  manner  as  may  be  approved  by  the  superintendent  of 
buildings. 

5.  Elevator  shafts  in  existing  residence  buildings.  In  existing  residence  build¬ 
ings  which  have  not  more  than  15  sleeping  rooms  any  elevator  shaft  hereafter 
erected,  when  the  available  space  does  not  permit  of  the  construction  required  by  sub¬ 
division  3  of  this  section,  may  be  constructed  as  required  by  subdivision  4  of  this 
section. 

6.  N on-fireproof  shafts.  Vent  shafts  hereafter  erected  in  non-fireproof  residence 
buildings,  when  extending  through  not  more  than  1  story  in  height,  carried  not 
less  than  3  feet  above  the  roof  and  covered  with  a  ventilating  skylight  of  metal 
and  glass,  and  dumbwaiter  shafts  hereafter  erected  that  do  not  extend  more  than  3 
stories  above  the  cellar  or  basement  in  residence  buildings  occupied  by  not  more  than 

2  families  or  having  not  more  than  15  sleeping  rooms,  may  be  built  of  wood  filled 
in  solidly  with  brick  or  other  approved  incombustible  material,  or  covered  on  the 
inside  with  plaster  on  plaster  board  or  metal  lath,  or  with  sheet  metal  not  less  than 
1/16  of  an  inch  in  thickness,  provided  that  the  part  of  any  such  dumbwaiter  shaft 
which  extends  into  the  cellar  shall  be  enclosed  in  8  inch  brick  walls. 

7.  Existing  elevators.  In  every  non-fireproof  public  building  all  elevators  not 
already  enclosed  in  fireproof  shafts  shall  be  enclosed  in  wall  constructed  and  arranged 
as  in  this  section  required  for  elevator  shafts. 

8.  Existing  dumbwaiter  shafts.  Any  existing  dumbwaiter  shaft  which  extends 
into  the  cellar  or  basement,  except  such  as  do  not  extend  more  than  3  stories  above 
the  cellar  or  basement  in  residence  buildings,  shall  be  enclosed  in  the  cellar  or  base¬ 
ment  with  the  walls  of  brick  8  inches  thick  or  other  fireproof  construction  approved 
by  the  superintendent  of  buildings,  unless  already  enclosed  in  some  form  of  con¬ 
struction  conforming  to  the  requirements  of  subdivision  4  of  this  section. 

9.  Openings,  a.  In  open  shafts  having  a  cross-sectional  area  at  any  point  of 
36  square  feet  or  less,  hereafter  erected  or  altered,  all  openings  shall  be  protected  with 
fire  doors,  fire  shutters  or  fire  windows. 

b.  In  vent  shafts,  hereafter  erected  or  altered,  except  non-fireproof  vent  shafts, 
all  openings  shall  be  provided  with  fire  windows. 

c.  In  elevator  shafts  hereafter  erected  or  materially  altered  all  door  openings 
shall  be  protected  by  fire  doors.  No  other  openings  shall  be  provided  in  such  shafts, 
except  window  openings  to  the  outer  air. 

d.  In  dumbwaiter  shafts  hereafter  erected  or  altered  there  shall  be  no  openings 
other  than  door  openings  protected  with  self-closing  fire  doors. 

e.  All  other  shafts  not  provided  for  in  this  subdivision,  hereafter  erected  or 
altered,  shall  have  all  openings  protected  with  self-closing  fire  doors. 

10.  Enclosure  at  top.  All  shafts  hereafter  erected  or  altered  to  extend  into  the 
top  story  of  any  non-fireproof  building  shall  be  carried  through  and  not  less  than 

3  feet  above  the  roof.  Every  shaft  extending  above  the  rool,  except  open  shafts, 

107 


CHAP.  5,  ART.  18,  SECS.  374 ,  375. 


shall  be  enclosed  at  the  top  with  a  roof  of  fireproof  construction  and  a  metal  skylight 
of  at  least  24  the  area  of  the  shaft  in  the  top  story,  except  that  the  skylight  herein 
required  may  be  replaced  by  a  window  of  equivalent  area  in  the  side  of  the  shaft 
provided  the  sill  of  such  window  is  not  less  than  3  feet  above  the  roof  and  the 
window  does  not  face  a  property  line  within  10  feet.  Any  shaft  that  does  not  extend 
into  the  top  story  of  the  building  shall  have  the  top  enclosed  with  fireproof  con¬ 
struction. 

11.  Enclosure  at  bottom.  The  bottom  of  every  shaft,  hereafter  erected  or  altered, 
except  vent  shafts,  shall  be  enclosed  with  fireproof  construction. 

12.  Elevator  machinery  compartment.  When  any  compartment  which  contains 
machinery  for  operating  an  elevator  communicates  with  an  elevator  shaft,  it  shall 
be  enclosed  with  partitions  of  the  same  material  and  construction  as  required  for 
the  shaft,  and  shall  have  fire  doors  in  the  openings.  (Amended  by  ord.  effective  Dec. 
12,  1916.) 

13.  Number  of  elevators  restricted  in  shaft.  Not  more  than  2  elevators  shall 
be  placed  hereafter  in  any  one  shaft,  and  where  there  are  only  2  elevators  in  any 
building  they  shall  be  placed  in  separate  shafts. 

§374.  Existing  hoistways. 

1.  Gates  and  trapdoors.  In  any  existing  building  in  which  there  shall  be  any 
hoistway,  elevator  or  wellhole  not  already  inclosed  in  walls  constructed  of  brick  or 
other  fireproof  material  and  provided  with  fireproof  doors,  the  openings  thereof 
through  and  upon  each  floor  of  said  building  shall  be  provided  with  and  protected 
by  substantial  guards  or  gates  and  with  such  good  and  sufficient  trap  doors  as  may  be 
directed  and  approved  by  the  superintendent  of  buildings.  When,  in  the  opinion 
of  the  superintendent  of  buildings,  automatic  trap-doors  are  required  to  the  floor 
openings  of  any  uninclosed  elevator,  the  same  shall  be  constructed  so  as  to  form  a 
substantial  floor  surface  when  closed,  and  so  arranged  as  to  open  and  close  by  the 
action  of  the  elevator  in  its  passage  either  ascending  or  descending. 

2.  Enforcement  of  section.  Except  as  otherwise  provided  by  law  or  ordinance, 
the  superintendent  of  buildings  shall  have  power  and  authority  to  require  the  open¬ 
ings  of  hoistways,  elevators  and  wellholes  in  buildings  to  be  enclosed  or  secured  bv 
trap-doors,  guards  or  gates  and  railings. 

3.  Guards,  gates  and  trap-doors  to  be  closed  when  not  in  use.  All  guards  or 
gates  required  by  this  section  shall  be  kept  closed  at  all  times,  except  when  in  actual 
use,  and  the  trap-doors  shall  be  closed  at  the  close  of  the  business  of  each  day,  bv  the 
occupant  or  occupants  of  the  building  having  the  use  or  control  of  the  same. 

§375.  Protection  of  exterior  openings. 

1.  When  required.  Every  window  or  other  opening  above  the  first  story  in  the 
exterior  walls  of  every  fireproof  and  non-fireproof  business  building,  more  than  40  feet 
in  height,  shall,  except  as  may  be  otherwise  specifically  provided  in  this  chapter  or 
by  any  other  law  or  ordinance,  be  protected  by  a  fire  door,  fire  window,  fire  shutter, 
open  sprinkler  or  other  approved  protective,  when  such  opening  is  distant  in  a  direct 
line  less  than  30  feet  from  any  opening  in  any  other  building  and  not  in  the  same 
plane  with  said  opening,  or  when  said  opening  is  not  more  than  50  feet  above  a 
neighboring  roof. 

2.  Fire  shutters  to  be  readily  opened.  When  fire  shutters  are  used  in  exterior 
openings  at  least  1  row  in  every  3  vertical  rows  of  shutters  on  front  window  openings 
shall  be  arranged  to  be  readily  opened  from  the  outside.  Distinguishing  marks, 
satisfactory  to  the  fire  commissioner,  shall  be  provided  on  these  shutters. 

3.  Openings  to  fire  escapes.  When  fire  doors  or  fire  shutters  are  used  on  ex¬ 
terior  openings  leading  to  fire  escapes  or  exterior  exits  of  any  kind  they  shall  be  so 
arranged  as  not  to  obstruct  such  fire  escape  or  exit. 


108 


BUILDING  CODE. 


4.  Vertical  separation  of  windows.  In  fireproof  and  non-fireproof  business 
buildings  hereafter  erected,  over  40  feet  in  height,  exterior  openings  above  the  second 
story  that  are  located  vertically  above  one  another  and  that  do  not  require  any  pro¬ 
tective  under  this  section,  shall  have  not  less  than  3  feet  of  solid  masonry  between 
the  top  of  one  opening  and  the  bottom  of  the  one  next  above,  and  no  such  opening 
shall  be  arranged,  to  open  within  1  foot  of  the  ceiling  of  the  story  in  which  it  is  located, 
provided,  however,  that  part  of  such  masonry  between  openings  may  be  replaced 
by  wire  glass  in  fixed  metal  sash  and  frame. 

5.  Closing  prote dives.  All  fire  doors,  fire  shutters  and  fire  windows  on  exterior 
openings,  unless  provided  with  approved  automatic  closing  devices  operative  from 
either  side,  shall  be  closed  when  not  required  to  be  open,  and  at  the  close  of  business 
each  day  by  the  occupant  or  occupants  of  the  building  having  the  use  or  control 
of  them. 

§376.  Protectives  for  openings. 

1.  Construction.  All  opening  protectives  required  or  permitted  under  this  chapter 
shall  be  constructed  as  prescribed  in  such  rules,  consistent  with  the  provisions  of  this 
chapter,  as  may  be  promulgated  by  the  superintendent  of  buildings,  or,  in  the  absence 
of  such  rules  as  specified  in  the  standard  requirements  of  the  National  Board  of  Fire 
Underwriters ;  or  they  may  be  constructed  in  any  manner  and  of  any  material  that 
will  comply  with  the  fire  test  hereinafter  prescribed. 

2.  Fire  test.  In  testing  the  fireproof  qualities  of  any  opening  protective  a  com¬ 
plete  sample  of  the  device  of  the  maximum  size  to  be  approved,  constructed  and 
installed  in  every  respect  as  in  actual  service,  shall  be  subjected  to  a  fire  on  one  side, 
continuous  for  not  less  than  1  hour,  at  a  temperature,  in  the  case  of  fire  doors  and 
fire  shutters  increasing  gradually  from  that  of  the  outer  air  to  1,800  degrees  Fahren¬ 
heit  within  the  first  half-hour  and  to  2,000  degrees  Fahrenheit  during  the  second 
half-hour,  and,  in  the  case  of  fire  windows,  increasing  gradually  from  that  of  the 
outer  air  to  1,500  degrees  Fahrenheit  within  the  hour,  without  permitting  the  passing 
of  flame  or  the  transmission  of  heat  to  a  dangerous  extent. 

3.  Use  of  zvire  glass.  When  wire  glass  is  required  or  permitted  by  this  chap¬ 
ter  or  the  rules  authorized  thereunder,  for  fire  doors,  fire  shutters  or  fire  windows, 
the  pane  shall  not  exceed  720  square  inches  in  area,  and  shall  not  be  less  than  Y 
inch  in  thickness,  and  shall  be  set  not  less  than  %  of  an  inch  in  the  frame.  When 
the  use  of  glass  is  permitted  in  any  fire  door  or  fire  shutter  only  wire  glass  shall 
be  used.  For  the  glazing  of  fire  windows  only  wire  glass  shall  be  used.  (Amended 
by  ord.  effective  Dec.  12,  1916.) 


^ARTICLE  19. 

Chimneys  and  Heating  Apparatus. 


Section  390. 

General. 

391. 

Heat  producing  devices. 

392. 

Chimneys. 

393. 

Fireplaces. 

394. 

Metal  smokestacks. 

395. 

Cupola  chimneys. 

396. 

Underground  flues. 

397. 

Ranges. 

398. 

Drying  rooms. 

399. 

Smoke  houses. 

400. 

Registers. 

♦Amended  by  ord.  adopted  Nov.  9,  1915,  effective  Feb.  9,  1916. 


109 


CHAP.  5 ,  ART.  19,  SECS.  390,  391. 


Section  401. 

402. 

403. 

404. 


Vent  flues. 

Ducts. 

Smoke  pipes. 

Steam  and  hot  water  pipes. 


§390.  General. 

1.  Definitions.  For  the  purposes  of  this  chapter: 

a — a  chimney  is  that  part  of  a  building  which  contains  1  or  more  flues  for  trans¬ 
mitting  the  products  of  combustion  from  some  fireplace  or  heating  device  to  the  outer 
air,  and  includes  the  fireplace  when  there  is  one; 

b — a  flue  is  a  passage,  enclosed  on  all  sides  with  solid  masonry  or  reinforced 
concrete  and  used  only  for  the  transmission  of  air,  whether  fresh,  heated  or  vitiated, 
or  of  the  products  of  combustion  from  solid  fuel  or  liquid  fuel,  and  designated 
respectively  vent  flue  or  smoke  flue ; 

c — a  duct  is  a  passage  constructed  of  sheet  metal  or  other  approved  incombustible 
material,  and  used  only  for  the  transmission  of  air,  whether  fresh,  heated  or  vitiated; 

d — a  smoke  pipe  is  a  passage  constructed  of  metal  and  used  as  an  intermediate 
connection  between  a  heat  producing  device  and  a  chimney  or  metal  stack  for  the 
transmission  of  the  products  of  combustion. 

2.  Notice  of  installation.  In  case  heat  producing  appliances  or  furnaces  are  here¬ 
after  placed  in  any  building,  or  flues  a,nd  fireplaces  are  installed,  changed  or  enlarged, 
and  such  installation  or  alteration  necessitates  any  change  in  any  structural  parts  of 
the  building,  due  notice  shall  be  given  to  the  superintendent  of  buildings  by  the  person 
doing  such  work  or  causing  the  same  to  be  done,  and  a  permit  secured  from  him  if 
necessary. 

§391.  Heat  producing  devices. 

For  the  purposes  of  this  chapter,  heat  producing  devices  shall  be  graded  as 

a — Low,  including  bakers’  ovens ;  boiling  vats ;  candy  furnaces ;  clay,  coke  and 
gypsum  tripoli  kilns ;  coffee  roasting  ovens ;  cooking  ranges ;  core  ovens ;  cruller  fur¬ 
naces  ;  drying  furnaces  for  spent  materials :  feed  drying  ovens ;  fertilizer  drying  ovens ; 
forge  furnaces;  gas  producers;  gypsum  kilns;  hardening  furnaces  (below  dark  red); 
hot  air  engine  furnaces ;  hot  air  heating  furnaces ;  hot  water  and  low  pressure  steam 
heating  boilers;  japanning  ovens;  ladle  drying  furnaces;  lead  melting  furnaces;  nickel 
plate  furnaces ;  paraffine  furnaces ;  rendering  furnaces ;  rosin  melting  furnaces ; 
stereotype  furnaces;  sulphur  furnaces;  typefoundry  furnaces;  wood  drying  furnaces; 
wood  impregnating  furnaces ; 

b — Medium,  including  alabaster  gypsum  kilns;  charcoal  furnaces;  direct  fire 
heated  feed  driers;  direct  fire  heated  fertilizer  dryers;  direct  fire  heated  pulp  driers; 
galvanizing  furnaces;  glass  factory  lehrs  and  glory  holes;  hardening  furnaces  (cherry 
to  pale  red);  lime  kilns;  porcelain  biscuit  kilns;  smoke  houses;  steam  boilers,  other 
than  low  pressure  heating  boilers;  water-glass  kilns;  wood-distilling  furnaces;  wood- 
gas  retorts ; 

c — High,  including  annealing  furnaces ;  bessemer  retorts ;  billet  and  bloom  fur¬ 
naces;  blast  furnaces;  bone  calcining  furnaces;  brass  furnaces;  carbon  point  fur¬ 
naces  ;  cement,  brick  and  tile  kilns ;  coal  and  water  gas  retorts.;  cupolas ;  earthenware 
kilns ;  glass  blow  furnaces ;  glass  melting  furnaces ;  glass  kilns ;  open  hearth  furnaces ; 
ore  roasting  furnaces ;  porcelain  baking  and  glazing  kilns ;  pot-arches,  puddling  fur¬ 
naces  ;  regenerative  furnaces ;  reverberatory  furnaces ;  stacks,  carburetor  or  supe- 
heating  furnaces  in  water  gas  works ;  welding  furnaces ;  wood  carbonizing  furnaces. 

In  doubtful  cases  the  superintendent  of  buildings  shall  by  a  rule  designate  the 
grade  of  any  heat  producing  device,  being  governed  in  doing  so  by  the  degree  and 
amount  of  heat  transmitted. 


110 


BUILDING  CODE. 


§392.  Chimneys. 

1.  Construction.  Except  as  in  this  article  otherwise  provided,  every  chimney 
hereafter  erected  shall  be  of  brick  or  stone  laid  in  cement  mortar,  or  of  reinforced 
concrete,  extending  above  the  highest  point  of  the  roof  and  at  least  4  feet  above 
the  highest  point  of  contact  with  the  roof.  Every  chimney  shall  be  properly  capped 
with  terra  cotta,  stone,  cast  iron  or  other  approved  incombustible,  weatherproof  ma¬ 
terial,  except  that  on  buildings  40  feet  or  less  in  height  the  top  courses  of  a  brick 
chimney  may  be  finished  off  by  being  carefully  bonded  and  anchored  together  to  serve 
as  coping. 

2.  Supports.  All  chimneys  shall  be  wholly  supported  by  stone,  brick  or  self- 
supporting  fireproof  construction.  No  chimney  shall  rest  or  be  built  upon  any  wood 
construction. 

3.  Flues  for  low  grade  devices.  The  smoke  flues  of  stoves,  cooking  ranges,  hot 

air,  hot  water  and  low  pressure  steam  heating  furnaces,  and  all  other  heat  producing 
devices  graded  as  low,  shall  be  encased  in  brickwork  or  concrete  not  less  than  8 
inches  thick,  except  that  for  smoke  flues  exclusively  used  for  ordinary  stoves,  ranges 
or  open  fireplaces  when  no  combustible  studding,  furring  or  sheathing  is  placed 
against  it,  such  brickwork  or  concrete  may  be  reduced  to  not  less  than  4  inches. 

In  chimneys  of  stone,  the  stone  work  of  such  flues  shall  be  4  inches  thicker  than 

required  for  brick.  Every  flue  coming  under  the  provisions  of  this  subdivision  here¬ 
after  erected  shall  be  lined  with  well-burnt  terra  cotta  pipe,  from  the  bottom  of 
the  flue,  or  from  the  throat  of  the  fireplace  if  the  flue  starts  from  a  fireplace,  for 
the  entire  height  of  the  chimney.  Such  lining  pipes  shall  be  built  in  as  the  flues  are 
carried  up,  laid  end  to  end  in  cement  mortar  so  as  to  make  a  smooth  flue.  Where  2 

or  more  smoke  flues  are  contained  in  the  same  chimney,  the  withes  shall  be  either 

brick  not  less  than  4  inches  thick,  or  concrete  or  grout  not  less  than  1  inch  thick, 
provided,  however,  that  every  third  withe  shall  consist  of  brick. 

4.  Flues  for  medium  grade  devices.  The  smoke  flues  of  high  pressure  steam 
boilers,  smoke  houses  and  all  other  heat  producing  devices  graded  as  medium  shall 
be  encased  in  brickwork  or  concrete  not  less  than  8  inches  thick,  or  stonework  not 
less  than  12  inches  thick,  and  in  addition,  shall  be  lined  with  not  less  than  4  inches 
of  fire  brick,  laid  in  fire  mortar,  for  a  distance  of  at  least  25  feet  from  the  poini 
where  the  smoke  connection  of  the  device  enters  the  flue. 

5.  Flues  for  high  grade  devices.  The  smoke  flues  or  cupolas,  brass  furnaces, 

porcelain  baking  kilns  and  all  other  heat  producing  devices  graded  as  high  shall  be 
built  with  double  walls,  each  not  less  than  8  inches  in  thickness,  with  an  air  space 

of  not  less  than  2  inches  between  them.  The  inside  of  the  interior  walls  shall  be  of 

firebrick  not  less  than  4  inches  in  thickness. 

6.  Certain  flues  required.  In  every  building  hereafter  erected  exceeding  40  feet 

in  height,  where  1  or  more  smoke  flues  start  from  the  cellar  or  lowest  story,  at 
least  1  such  flue  shall  have  an  internal  cross-sectional  area  of  not  less  than  96 

square  inches  and  shall  start  not  less  than  3  feet  below  the  ceiling.  No  flue  here¬ 

after  erected  shall  have  smoke-pipe  connections  in  more  than  one  story  of  a  building. 

7.  Flues  to  be  clean  and  chimneys  safe.  Upon  the  completion  of  any  new 
building  or  an  alteration  in  any  flues  of  an  existing  building,  the  flues  shall  be  prop¬ 
erly  cleaned  and  left  smooth  on  the  inside.  Any  chimney  which  shall  be  dangerous 
in  any  manner  whatever  shall  be  repaired  and  made  safe,  or  taken  down. 

8.  Unlawful  use  of  flues.  It  shall  be  unlawful  to  use  as  a  smoke  flue  any  flue 
hereafter  erected  or  placed  in  any  building,  or  any  flue  now  existing  and  not  already 
used  as  a  smoke  flue,  unless  it  conforms  to  the  requirements  of  this  section.  Nothing 
in  this  article,  however,  shall  prevent  the  use  of  approved  metal  flue  linings  for  the 
repair  or  alteration  of  flues  in  residence  buildings. 

9.  Raising  adjoining  chimneys,  a.  Whenever  a  building,  wall  or  structure  is 

111 


CHAP.  5 ,  ART.  19,  SECS.  393,  394. 


hereafter  erected,  altered,  enlarged  or  raised  so  that  any  of  the  walls,  whether  inde¬ 
pendent  or  party,  along  a  property  line  or  within  3  feet  thereof,  extends  above  the 
top  of  any  chimney,  smoke  hue  or  smokestack  of  an  adjoining  building  or  struc¬ 
ture,  the  owner  of  the  building,  wall  or  structure  so  erected,  altered,  enlarged  or 
raised,  shall,  at  his  own  expense,  carry  up,  either  independently  or  in  his  own  build¬ 
ing,  wall  or  structure,  all  chimneys,  smoke  flues  and  smokestacks  of  such  adjoining 
building  or  structure  within  10  feet  of  any  portion  of  the  said  wall  extending  above 
such  chimney,  flue  or  stack.  The  construction  of  such  chimneys,  flues  or  stacks  shall 
conform  to  the  requirements  of  this  article  applying  thereto,  but  in  no  case  shall 
the  internal  area  of  any  flue  or  stack  as  raised  be  less  than  that  of  the  existing  flue 
or  stack.  All  such  chimneys,  flues  or  stacks  shall  be  carried  above  the  walls  in 
question  to  the  heights  prescribed,  and  shall,  furthermore,  be  so  constructed,  sup¬ 
ported  and  braced  as  to  be  at  all  times  safe. 

b.  It  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  owner  of  the  building,  wall  or  structure  to  be 
erected,  altered,  enlarged  or  raised  to  notify  in  writing,  at  least  10  days  before 
such  work  is  begun,  the  owner  of  the  chimneys,  flues  or  stacks  affected,  of  his  in¬ 
tention  to  carry  up  such  chimneys,  flues  or  stacks  as  herein  provided,  and  unless 
released  in  writing  he  shall  carry  up  such  chimneys,  flues  or  stacks  simultaneously 
with  the  walls. 

§393.  Fireplaces. 

1.  Firebacks.  The  firebacks  of  all  fireplaces  hereafter  erected  shall  be  not  less 
than  8  inches  in  thickness  of  solid  masonry.  A  lining  of  firebrick  or  other  approved 
material  at  least  2  inches  thick  shall  be  provided,  unless  the  fireback  is  12  inches  in 
thickness. 

2.  Trimmer  arches.  All  fireplaces  and  chimney  breasts  where  mantels  are  placed, 
whether  intended  for  ordinary  fireplace  use  or  not,  shall  have  trimmer  arches  or  fire¬ 
proof  construction  supporting  hearths.  The  arches  and  hearths  shall  be  at  least 
20  inches  in  width,  measured  from  the  face  of  the  chimney  breast.  Trimmer 
arches  shall  be  of  brick,  stone,  terra  cotta  or  reinforced  concrete.  The  length  of  the 
trimmer  arch  shall  not  be  less  than  the  width  of  the  chimney  breast,  and  the  length 
of  the  hearth  shall  be  not  less  than  the  width  of  the  mantel.  The  hearths  shall  be 
of  brick,  stone,  tile  or  other  approved  fireproof  material.  The  combined  thickness 
of  trimmer  arch  and  hearth  shall  at  no  point  be  less  than  6  inches.  Wood  centres 
under  trimmer  arches  shall  be  removed  before  plastering  the  ceiling  underneath. 

3.  Heaters.  No  heater  shall  be  placed  in  a  fireplace  which  does  not  conform  to 
the  foregoing  requirements  of  this  section. 

4.  Mantels.  No  wood  mantel  or  other  woodwork  shall  be  hereafter  placed 
within  8  inches  on  either  side  nor  within  12  inches  of  the  top  of  any  open  fireplace. 
If  a  coal-burning  heater  of  the  Baltimore  type  is  placed  in  a  fireplace,  any  mantel 
that  may  be  provided  shall  be  of  incombustible  material.  No  combustible  summer 
piece  or  fireboard  shall  be  used  in  connection  with  any  open  fireplace.  All  spaces  back 
of  combustible  mantels  shall  be  solidly  filled  in  with  incombustible  material. 

5.  False  fireplaces.  False  fireplaces  using  summer  pieces  or  fireboards  shall  not 
be  placed  in  any  building  except  against  an  unfurred  masonry  wall  or  a  fireproof 
partition. 

§394.  Metal  smokestacks. 

1.  Construction.  Metal  smokestacks  must  be  so  constructed  that  they  will  be 
securely  supported  and  that  the  materials  entering  into  their  construction  or  serving 
as  support  shall  not  be  stressed  beyond  the  working  stresses  fixed  by  this  chapter. 
The  metal  work  must  be  riveted  and  of  adequate  thickness,  but  not  less  than  No.  16 
U.  S.  gauge  when  the  cross-sectional  area  is  154  square  inches  or  less,  not  less  than 


112 


BUILDING  CODE. 


No.  14  U.  S.  gauge  when  the  cross-sectional  area  is  more  than  154  square  inches  and 
not  more  than  201  square  inches,  not  less  than  No.  12  U.  S.  gauge  when  the  cross- 
sectional  area  is  more  than  201  square  inches  but  not  more  than  254  square  inches, 
and  not  less  than  No.  10  U.  S.  gauge  when  the  cross-sectional  area  is  more  than  254 
square  inches.  All  metal  work  shall  be  painted;  galvanized  metal  shall  not  be  used. 
Clean-out  openings  shall  be  provided  at  the  base  of  every  such  stack. 

2.  Height.  All  such  stacks  serving  high  grade  heat  producing  devices  shall 
extend  to  a  height  of  not  less  than  10  feet  above  the  highest  point  of  any  roof 
within  25  feet. 

3.  Independent  stacks.  All  such  stacks  hereafter  erected,  outside  and  independent 
of  any  building,  shall  be  supported  on  substantial  masonry  foundations,  so  designed 
that  the  maximum  pressure  on  the  soil  shall  not  exceed  2/$  of  that  prescribed  in  §231 
of  this  chapter. 

4.  Exterior  stacks.  Any  such  stacks,  or  any  part  thereof,  hereafter  erected  on 
the  immediate  exterior  of  the  building  it  serves  shall  be  braced  to  such  building  at 
least  every  20  feet.  It  shall  have  a  clearance  of  not  less  than  4  inches  from  the  walls 
of  a  fireproof  or  non-fireproof  building  and  not  less  than  24  inches  from  the  walls 
of  a  frame  building;  and  a  clearance  of  not  less  than  24  inches  in  any  direction 
from  any  wall  opening,  fire  escape  or  other  exit  facility,  unless  such  stack  is  insulated 
in  some  approved  manner,  in  which  case  the  clearances  herein  provided  may  be  reduced 
an  amount  fixed  by  the  superintendent  of  buildings  when  approving  the  insulation. 

5.  Interior  stacks.  Any  such  stack,  or  part  thereof,  hereafter  erected  within  any 
building,  shall  be  enclosed  in  walls  of  approved  masonry;  or,  if  in  a  fireproof  building, 
such  stack,  or  part  thereof,  shall  be  enclosed  in  walls  of  brick,  terra  cotta  blocks  or 
concrete  not  less  than  8  inches  thick,  with  a  space  left  between  the  stack  and  the 
enclosing  walls  sufficient  to  render  the  entire  stack  accessible  for  examination  and 
repair.  The  enclosing  walls  shall  be  without  openings  above  the  story  at  which  it 
starts. 

6.  Prohibition.  Smokestacks  shall  not  be  carried  up  inside  of  vent  stacks  or 
flues  connected  to  ranges,  unless  such  vent  stacks  or  flues  are  constructed  as  required 
by  this  article  for  smokestacks  or  smoke  flues. 

§395.  Cupola  chimneys. 

Chimneys  of  cupola  furnaces,  blast  furnaces  and  similar  devices  shall  extend  at 
least  20  feet  above  the  highest  point  of  any  roof  within  a  radius  of  50  feet  thereof 
and  be  covered  on  the  top  with  heavy  wire  netting  or  other  approved  spark  arrester. 
No  woodwork  shall  be  within  3  feet  of  any  part  of  such  device  or  its  chimney. 

§396.  Underground  flues. 

Underground  smoke  flues  shall  be  covered  with  at  least  12  inches  of  solid  masonry, 
or  an  approved  equivalent  insulation.  If  clean-out  openings  are  installed  they  shall 
be  provided  with  approved  double  iron  doors  or  covers,  of  which  the  two  parts  are 
12  inches  apart,  with  the  intervening  space  filled  with  insulating  material.  No  com¬ 
bustible  flooring  shall  be  laid  over  any  such  flues. 

§397.  Ranges. 

1.  Kitchen  ranges.  When  fixed  ranges  are  to  be  installed  in  any  building  here¬ 
after  erected  trimmer  arches  extending  beyond  such  ranges  not  less  than  6  inches 
on  all  sides  shall  be  provided  unless  the  floor  is  of  fireproof  construction.  No  such 
range  shall  be  placed  against  a  stud  partition,  a  furred  wall  or  any  other  combustible 
construction.  When  any  such  range  is  to  be  placed  within  12  inches  of  a  wood  stud 
partition  the  said  partition  shall  be  shielded  with  metal  from  the  floor  to  a  height  of 
not  less  than  3  feet  higher  than  the  range,  provided  that  when  the  range  is  within  6 
inches  of  the  partition  the  studs  shall  be  cut  away  and  framed  3  feet  higher  and  1 

113 


CHAP.  5 ,  ART.  19,  SECS.  398-402. 


foot  wider  than  the  range  and  filled  in  to  the  face  of  the  said  stud  partition  with 
brick  or  fireproof  blocks. 

2.  Hoods  over  ranges.  All  hoods  and  ducts  for  same  placed  over  hotel  or  restau¬ 
rant  ranges  shall  be  constructed  of  incombustible  materials  and  installed  in  accordance 
with  the  requirements  of  §403  for  smokepipes. 

§398.  Drying  rooms. 

Drying  rooms  hereafter  placed  within  any  building  as  a  part  of  the  building  shall 
be  constructed  entirely  of  incombustible  materials.  When  the  heating  pipes  are  not 
placed  overhead,  they  shall  be  so  shielded  as  to  preserve  at  all  times  a  clear  space  of 
not  less  than  2  inches  between  them  and  the  contents.  All  such  drying  rooms  shall 
be  ventilated  directly  to  the  outer  air  by  vent  flues  or  ducts  installed  as  specified  in 
§403  of  this  article  for  smokepipes. 

§399.  Smoke  houses. 

All  smoke  houses  hereafter  erected  as  part  of  any  building  shall  be  of  fireproof 
construction  with  walls  of  brick  or  reinforced  concrete.  All  openings  shall  be  provided 
with  fire  doors.  The  interior  framing,  racks,  hangers  and  other  interior  fittings  shall 
be  of  incombustible  material. 

§400.  Registers. 

All  registers  used  in  any  hot-air  furnace  heating  system,  placed  in  any  woodwork 
or  combustible  floor,  shall  rest  upon  stone  or  iron  borders  firmly  set  in  plaster  of 
paris  or  gauged  mortar.  All  register  boxes  used  in  any  such  heating  system  shall  be 
made  of  tin  plate  or  galvanized  iron  with  a  flange  to  fit  the  rabbet  in  the  border. 
The  register  box  shall  be  enclosed  in  a  tin  or  galvanized  iron  casing  turned  under 
the  border  and  spaced  at  least  2  inches  from  the  sides  of  the  box.  Such  casings 
shall  extend  from  the  border  to  and  through  the  ceiling  below  in  the  case  of  a  floor 
register  and  through  the  partition  in  the  case  of  a  wall  register.  When  a  register 
box  is  placed  in  the  floor  over  a  portable  furnace,  the  space  on  all  sides  between  the 
casing  and  the  register  box  shall  be  not  less  than  4  inches.  Every  hot-air  furnace  shall 
have  at  least  1  register  without  valve  or  louvres. 

§401.  Vent  flues. 

Flues  hereafter  erected  for  the  removal  of  foul  air  or  the  transmission  of  heated 
air  shall  be  encased  in  masonry  not  less  than  4  inches  thick,  and  shall  be  lined  with 
terra  cotta  or  other  approved  incombustible  material.  Not  more  than  1  gas  burning 
device  shall  be  direct-connected  to  any  flue,  nor  shall  any  such  device  be  connected 
to  any  flue  used  as  a  smoke  flue.  Any  flue  to  which  a  gas  burning  device  is  direct- 
connected  shall  be  constructed  as  required  in  §392  for  a  smoke  flue. 

§402.  Ducts. 

1.  General.  Except  as  may  be  otherwise  specifically  permitted  or  prescribed, 
the  transmission  of  air  through  buildings  for  heating  or  ventilation  shall  be  by  means 
of  ducts  constructed  as  in  this  section  provided. 

2.  Casing.  No  casing,  furring  or  lath  of  wood  shall  be  placed  against  or  cover 
a  duct  of  any  kind ;  but  this  shall  not  prevent  the  placing  of  woodwork  on  a  covering 
over  such  ducts,  of  metal  lath  and  plaster,  plaster  board  or  asbestos,  provided  the 
thickness  of  the  covering  is  not  less  than  %  of  an  inch. 

3.  In  partitions.  Ducts  hereafter  placed  in  combustible  partitions  shall  be  covered 
with  Yz  inch  of  corrugated  asbestos  or  shall  be  constructed  double  with  a  inch 
air  space.  The  asbestos  covering  or  outside  pipe  shall  be  not  less  than  \y2  inches 
away  from  the  woodwork.  In  lieu  of  the  above  protection,  4  inches  of  brickwork  or 
concrete  may  be  placed  between  the  duct  and  the  woodwork. 

4.  In  floors.  Ducts  hereafter  placed  between  the  flooring  and  ceiling  of  non- 
fireproof  floors,  shall  be  constructed  double,  with  a  1  inch  air  space.  The  outside  pipe 

114 


BUILDING  CODE. 


shall  be  not  less  than  2  inches  from  any  woodwork,  which  shall  be  covered  with 
metal. 

5.  In  closets.  Ducts  hereafter  placed  in  closets  or  similar  concealed  spaces  shall 
be  double  with  a  V/2  inch  air  space,  or  shall  be  covered  with  approved  incombustible 
insulation,  not  less  than  1  inch  thick.  When  constructed  double  the  outside  pipe 
shall  be  not  less  than  No.  18  U.  S.  gauge,  and  not  less  than  1  inch  from  any  wood¬ 
work. 

6.  Passing  through  partitions  and  floors.  Ducts  hereafter  placed  to  pass  through 
combustible  partitions  or  floors  shall  be  constructed  double,  with  a  V/2  inch  air  space 
open  at  one  end,  or  shall  be  covered  with  approved  incombustible  insulation  not  less 
than  1  inch  thick. 

7.  Horizontal  ducts.  Ducts  used  for  hot-air  furnace  heating,  hereafter  placed 
under  cellar  ceilings,  shall  be  at  least  6  inches  below  wood  floor  beams,  wood  lath 
and  plaster  ceiling  or  other  combustible  materials;  but  if  such  combustible  construc¬ 
tion  is  protected  by  metal  lath  and  plaster,  plaster  board  or  y2  inch  asbestos  the  distance 
may  be  not  less  than  3  inches. 

8.  Cold  air  ducts.  The  cold  air  ducts  of  any  heating  system  shall  be  of  metal 
or  other  approved  fireproof  material. 

9.  Hot  air  ducts.  No  hot-air  furnace  duct  shall  be  placed  in  any  floor,  partition 
or  enclosure,  of  combustible  construction,  unless  it  be  at  least  8  feet  distant  in  a 
horizontal  direction  from  the  furnace. 

§403.  Smoke  pipes. 

1.  Restriction.  No  smoke  pipe  shall  pass  through  any  floor  nor  through  any 
non-fireproof  roof. 

2.  Clearance.  The  clear  distance  between  any  smoke  pipe  or  metal  breeching 
and  any  combustible  material  or  construction  shall  be  not  less  than  18  inches  in  the 
case  of  low  grade  heat  producing  devices,  nor  less  than  36  inches  for  medium  or  high 
grade  heat  producing  devices,  except  that,  when  such  smoke  pipes  or  breechings  are 
protected  with  not  less  than  2  inches  of  asbestos  or  in  some  other  approved  manner, 
such  clearances  may  be  reduced  y2  and  that,  in  the  case  of  smoke  pipes  used  on 
ordinary  ranges  and  stoves  in  tenements  or  other  residence  buildings  having  not  more 
than  15  sleeping  rooms,  such  clearances  may  be  not  less  than  9  inches  when  the 
combustible  material  or  construction  is  protected  by  y2  inch  asbestos  or  its  equivalent, 
nor  less  than  18  inches  when  not  so  protected. 

3.  Protection  through  partitions.  Smoke  pipes  from  ordinary  ranges  and  stoves 
in  residence  buildings  may  pass  through  combustible  partitions,  provided  every  such 
pipe  is  guarded  by  a  double  metal  ventilated  thimble  12  inches  larger  in  diameter 
than  the  pipe,  or  by  a  metal  tube  built  in  brickwork  or  other  approved  fireproof 
materials,  not  less  than  8  inches  thick  on  all  sides  of  the  tube. 

§404.  Steam  and  hot  water  pipes. 

1.  Protection.  Steam  or  hot  water  pipes  shall  not  be  placed  nearer  than  one 
inch  to  any  woodwork  unless  the  woodwork  is  covered  with  metal,  in  which  case  the 
distance  shall  be  not  less  than  y2  inch.  Every  steam  or  hot  water  heating  pipe  passing 
through  a  combustible  floor  or  partition  shall  be  protected  by  a  metal  tube  1  inch 
larger  in  diameter  than  the  pipe.  Any  such  pipe  passing  through  stock  shelving  shall 
be  covered  with  not  less  than  1  inch  of  approved  insulation.  All  wood  boxes  or 
casings  inclosing  steam  or  hot  water  heating  pipes,  or  wood  covers  to  recesses  in 
walls  in  which  such  pipes  are  placed,  shall  be  lined  with  metal. 

2.  Pipe  coverings.  Any  coverings  or  insulation  used  On  steam  or  hot  water  pipes 
shall  be  of  incombustible  material. 


115 


CHAP.  5 ,  ART.  20,  SECS.  420-424. 


^ARTICLE  20. 
Roofing  and  roof  structures. 


Section  420. 

General. 

421. 

Roofing. 

422. 

Cornices  and  gutters. 

423. 

Leaders. 

424. 

Sky-lights. 

425. 

Scuttles. 

426. 

Roof  houses. 

427. 

Slanting  roofs. 

428. 

Tanks. 

429. 

Cooling  towers. 

§420.  General. 

Except  when  otherwise  specifically  provided  for  in  this  chapter,  all  construction, 
other  than  water  tanks,  hereafter  placed  above  the  roof  of  any  part  of  any  building 
within  the  fire  limits  or  of  any  building  more  than  40  feet  in  height  outside  the  fire 
limits,  shall  be  of  incombustible  materials. 

§421.  Roofing. 

1.  Materials.  Except  as  otherwise  in  this  chapter  specifically  provided,  every  roof 
hereafter  placed  on  any  building  or  part  thereof,  shall  be  covered  with  an  approved 
roofing  of  brick,  concrete,  tile,  slate,  metal,  asbestos,  slag,  gravel,  or  other  approved 
incombustible  material. 

2.  Planking.  When  wood  planking  or  sheathing  is  permitted  in  roof  construction, 
it  shall  not,  in  any  case,  extend  across  any  side  or  party  walls. 

3.  Repairs.  No  roofing  on  any  existing  roof  shall  be  renewed  or  repaired,  except 
in  conformity  with  the  requirements  of  this  section,  provided,  however,  that  when  the 
renewal  or  necessary  repairs  do  not  constitute  more  than  of  the  roofing  in  any 
one  roof  surface,  the  new  work  may  be  made  to  conform  to  the  existing  roofing. 

§422.  Cornices  and  gutters. 

1.  Construction.  All  cornices  inclusive  of  those  on  show  windows  and  gutters, 
hereafter  placed  on  the  exterior  of  any  building,  except  buildings  that  are  permitted 
to  be  of  frame  construction,  shall  be  of  incombustible  materials.  When  constructed 
of  sheet  metal  they  shall  be  riveted  in  the  seams  at  intervals  of  not  more  than  5  inches. 
Cornices  shall  be  secured  to  the  walls  with  metal  framing  or  anchors,  spaced  not 
more  than  4  feet  apart,  and  extending  not  less  than  4  inches  into  the  wall  at  top  and 
bottom. 

2.  Repairs.  All  cornices  or  gutters  that  may  now  be  or  that  may  hereafter 
become  unsafe  shall  be  taken  down,  and,  if  replaced,  shall  be  constructed  to  conform 
to  the  requirements  for  new  cornices,  except  that  when  any  such  cornice  or  gutter 
is  not  damaged  to  a  greater  extent  than  one-half,  it  may  be  repaired  with  the  same 
material  as  originally  constructed. 

§423.  Leaders. 

All  buildings  shall  be  provided  with  proper  leaders  for  conducting  water  from 
the  roofs.  In  no  case  shall  the  water  from  leaders  be  allowed  to  flow  upon  the  side¬ 
walk,  but  it  shall  be  conducted  by  pipe  or  pipes  to  the  sewer.  If  there  be  no  sewer 
in  the  street  then  the  water  from  the  leader  shall  be  conducted  by  proper  pipe  or  pipes, 
below  the  surface  to  a  street  gutter,  or  to  a  cesspool. 

§424.  Skylights. 

1.  Construction.  All  skylights  hereafter  placed  in  any  building  shall  have  the 
sashes  and  frames  thereof  constructed  of  metal,  except  that  skylights  in  foundries  or 

♦Amended  by  ord.  adopted  Nov.  9,  1915,  effective  Feb.  9,  1916. 

116 


BUILDING  CODE . 


buildings  where  acid  fumes  are  present  as  an  incident  to  the  occupancy  of  the  building 
may  be  of  wood  in  the  discretion  of  the  superintendent  of  buildings.  The  frames 
and  other  parts  of  metal  skylights  shall  be  riveted  or  otherwise  securely  fastened,  in 
addition  to  soldering,  and  shall  be  securely  anchored  to  the  supporting  structure. 

2.  Glazing.  Skylights  placed  over  shafts  of  any  kind  shall  be  glazed  with  plain 
glass  not  more  than  3/16  of  an  inch  in  thickness.  No  pane  of  glass  in  any  such  sky¬ 
light  hereafter  placed  in  any  building  shall  exceed  720  square  inches  in  area. 
(Amended  by  ord.  effective  Dec.  12,  1916.) 

3.  Protection.  Every  skylight  in  which  plain  glass  is  used  shall  be  protected  by 
a  wire  screen  placed  not  less  than  4  inches  nor  more  than  10  inches  above  the  glazed 
portion  of  the  skylight  at  all  points.  Such  screen  shall  be  not  lighter  than  No.  12  U.  S. 
gauge,  shall  have  a  mesh  of  not  less  than  ^  of  an  inch  nor  more  than  1  inch  and  shalf 
extend  beyond  the  glazing  on  all  sides  a  distance  not  less  than  the  height  of  the  screen 
above  the  glazing.  When  any  such  skylight  is  located  over  any  passageway  or  any 
room  of  public  resort  a  similar  screen  shall  also  be  placed  below  the  skylight. 

§425.  Scuttles. 

Unless  provided  with  some  other  means  of  access  to  the  roof,  every  building  more 
than  15  feet  high,  except  dwellings  with  peak  roofs,  shall  have  in  the  roof  a  scuttle, 
with  a  substantial  iron  ladder  leading  thereto.  All  scuttles  shall  be  covered  bn  the 
top  and  edges  with  sheet  metal  or  other  approved  incombustible  material.  The  scuttle 
openings  shall  be  at  least  2  feet  by  3  feet  in  size. 

§426.  Roof  houses. 

1.  Definitions. 

a.  The  term  bulkhead  as  used  in  this  section  includes  all  such  enclosed  structures 

above  the  roof  of  any  part  of  a  building  as  enclose  only  stairways,  tanks, 
elevator  machinery  or  ventilating  apparatus,  or  shafts. 

b.  The  term  pent  house  as  used  in  this  section  means  any  enclosed  structure,  other 

than  a  bulkhead,  extending  rot  more  than  12  feet  above  a  roof. 

2.  Bulkheads.  The  walls  of  any  bulkhead  hereafter  erected  on  any  roof  of 
a  fireproof  building,  shall  be  constructed  as  required  for  fire  partitions  by  subdi¬ 
vision  1,  §372  of  this  chapter.  Such  walls  may  be  used  as  bearing  walls  of  the  bulk¬ 
head  roofs  when  they  do  not  exceed  15  feet  in  height  and  35  feet  in  length,  and  the  roof 
span  does  not  exceed  12  feet.  The  roofs  of  such  bulkheads  shall  be  of  fireproof  con¬ 
struction  as  provided  by  §354  of  this  chapter.  The  walls  and  roofs  of  all  bulkheads, 
unless  constructed  of  approved  masonry,  shall  be  covered  on  the  outside  with  incom¬ 
bustible,  weatherproof  material. 

3.  Pent  houses.  Every  pent  house  shall  be  considered  a  story  of  the  building 
and,  except  as  may  be  otherwise  specifically  provided  By  law,  its  construction  shall 
conform  to  the  requirements  for  buildings  of  a  height  to  which  such  pent  house  is 
carried;  provided  that  when  any  exterior  wall  of  such  pent  house  sets  back  not  less 
than  5  feet  from  the  exterior  walls  of  the  next  lower  story  of  the  building  it  may  be 
constructed  of  brick  not  less  than  8  inches  thick,  or  hollow  building  blocks  not  less 
than  6  inches  in  thickness,  covered  on  the  outside  with  incombustible  weatherproof 
material,  and  supported  by  steel  or  reinforced  concrete  girders. 

4.  Doors  and  windows.  All  doors  and  door  frames  in  the  exterior  walls  of 
bulkheads  or  pent  houses  shall  be  metal  or  metal  covered  wood.  All  windows  in  bulk¬ 
heads  or  pent  houses,  except  where  otherwise  specifically  provided  for,  shall  be  con¬ 
structed  as  other  windows  of  the  building  similarly  located. 

5.  Sun  parlors.  Nothing  in  this  section  shall  prevent  the  erection  on  any  roof  of 
any  building,  of  sun  parlors  or  rooms  for  similar  purposes,  provided  that  only  in¬ 
combustible  materials  are  used  in  the  construction,  and  the  floor  of  such  structure  is 
constructed  as  required  for  the  roof  of  the  building. 

117 


CHAP.  5,  ART.  21,  SECS.  440-442. 


§427.  Slanting  roofs. 

1.  Construction.  Every  mansard  or  other  slanting  roof  having  a  pitch  of  more 
than  60  degrees,  hereafter  placed  on  any  non-fireproof  building  over  40  feet  high, 
shall  be  constructed  fireproof  as  specified  in  §354  of  this  chapter. 

2.  Dormer  windozus.  Every  dormer  window  hereafter  erected  shall  be  con¬ 
structed  in  the  same  manner  as  the  rcof  on  which  it  is  placed.  The  sides  and  top 
shall  be  covered  with  any  of  the  materials  approved  for  roofing. 

§428.  Tanks. 

1.  Supports.  Tanks  of  more  than  500  gallons  capacity  hereafter  placed  in  or  on 
any  building  shall  be  supported  on  masonry,  reinforced  concrete  or  steel  construction 
of  sufficient  strength  and  carried  to  a  proper  foundation. 

2.  Emergency  outlet.  Every  such  tank  shall  have,  in  the  bottom  or  on  the  side 
near  the  bottom,  a  pipe  or  outlet,  not  less  than  4  inches  in  diameter,  fitted  with  a  suit¬ 
able  quick-opening  valve  for  discharging  the  contents  in  an  emergency. 

3.  Location.  Such  tanks  shall  not  be  placed  over  nor  near  a  line  of  stairs  or  an 
elevator  shaft,  unless  there  is  a  solid  roof  or  floor  underneath  the  tank. 

4.  Covers.  All  unenclosed  roof  tanks  shall  have  covers  with  proper  slope. 

5.  Hoops.  When  hoops  are  used  in  the  construction  of  tanks  they  shall  be  of 
metal  round  in  section. 


§429.  Cooling  towers. 

Cooling  towers  hereafter  erected  above  any  roof  shall  be  of  incombustible  material, 
except  the  drip  bars,  which  may  be  of  wood. 


♦ARTICLE  21. 


Miscellaneous  requirements. 


Section  440. 

441. 

442. 

443. 

444. 

445. 

446. 


Cellar  ceilings. 

Cellar  floors. 

Cellar  partitions. 

Waterproofing. 

Floor  lights. 

Cutting  beams. 

Bay  and  show  window  construction. 


§440.  Cellar  ceilings. 

In  any  building  hereafter  erected,  or  altered  so  as  to  change  its  occupancy,  except 
1  story  buildings  outside  of  the  fire  limits  and  buildings  occupied  exclusively  for  resi¬ 
dence  purposes  by  1  or  2  families,  the  wood  beams  over  the  cellar,  or  over  the  lowest 
story,  if  such  story  is  partly  below  the  curb  or  the  surrounding  ground  level,  when 
the  curb  level  has  not  been  established,  shall  be  covered  with  metal  lath  and  plaster, 
plaster  board  and  plaster,  or  other  approved  incombustible  material. 

§441.  Cellar  floors. 

In  all  buildings  hereafter  erected  the  cellar  floor  or  any  floor  resting  directly  on 
the  ground  shall  consist  of  1 :3  :6  stone  or  cinder  concrete  not  less  than  4  inches  thick. 

§442.  Cellar  partitions. 

In  all  non-fireproof  buildings,  except  buildings  occupied  exclusively  for  residence 
purposes  by  1  or  2  families,  permanent  partitions  in  the  cellar,  or  in  any  story  more 
than  half  below  the  curb,  shall  be  constructed  of  incombustible  materials,  unless  such 
partitions  enclose  only  coal  or  wood  bins  and  do  not  extend  to  the  ceiling. 

♦Amended  by  ord.  adopted  Dec.  7,  1915,  effective  March  7,  1916. 

118 


BUILDING  CODE. 


§443.  Waterproofing. 

In  all  buildings  hereafter  erected,  the  exterior  walls  below  the  ground  level  and 
floors  below  the  curb  level  resting  directly  on  the  ground,  shall,  whep  required,  be 
waterproofed  in  accordance  with  the  rules  adopted  by  the  superintendent  of  buildings. 

§444.  Floor  lights. 

Floor  lights  shall  be  constructed  of  metal  frames  and  bars  or  plates,  reinforced 
concrete  or  other  approved  incombustible  materials.  If  any  glass  in  same  measures 
more  than  16  square  inches,  it  shall  be  provided  with  a  mesh  of  wire  either  in  the 
glass  or  under  the  same.  Floor  lights  shall  be  of  the  same  strength  as  the  floors  in 
which  they  are  placed.  Glass  shall  not  be  less  than  34  of  an  inch  in  thickness. 

§445.  Cutting  beams. 

No  beam  shall  be  cut  or  pierced  in  any  manner  that  would  cause  the  beam  to 
be  of  insufficient  strength  for  its  load. 

§446.  Bay  and  show  window  construction. 

Bay  windows  and  show  windows  that  extend  beyond  the  exterior  walls,  hereafter 
constructed  or  placed  on  any  fireproof  or  non-fireproof  building,  shall  be  constructed 
of  incombustible  materials  and  in  such  manner  as  will  meet  with  the  approval  of 
the  superintendent  of  buildings. 


^ARTICLE  22. 
Frame  buildings. 


Section  470. 

Height. 

471. 

Area. 

472. 

Frame  construction. 

473. 

Filling  in  walls. 

474. 

Roofing. 

475. 

Towers. 

476. 

Piazzas. 

477. 

Minor  structures. 

478. 

Temporary  structures. 

479. 

Miscellaneous  frame  structures. 

480. 

Permissibe  alterations. 

481. 

Use  of  masonry  walls. 

'0.  Height. 

Except  as  may  be  otherwise  specifically  provided  in  this  chapter,  or  in  the  rules 
authorized  thereunder,  no  frame  building  or  structure  hereafter  erected  or  enlarged 
shall  exceed  40  feet  in  height,  except  that  buildings  used  in  whole  or  in  part  as  gar¬ 
ages,  motor  vehicle  repair  shops  or  oil  selling  stations  shall  not  exceed  25  feet  in 
height.  (Amended  by  ord.  effective  July  17,  1917.) 

§471.  Area. 

1.  Building  area.  No  frame  building  hereafter  erected  or  enlarged  shall  exceed 
5,000  square  feet  in  area. 

2.  Plot  area.  The  combined  area  of  frame  buildings,  sheds  and  outhouses 
located  on  any  lot  or  plot  shall  not  exceed  80  per  cent,  of  the  area  of  that  part  of  the 
lot  or  plot  which  is  not  already  covered  by  fireproof  or  non-fireproof  buildings. 

§472.  Frame  construction. 

The  wood  framework  of  all  frame  buildings,  hereafter  erected,  shall  consist  of 
sills,  posts,  girts  and  plates  of  suitable  size  and  materials  with  proper  mortise  and 
tenon  framing  and  braced  with  studs  at  all  angles,  but  this  shall  not  prohibit  the 

*  Amended  by  ord.  adopted  Nov.  9,  1915,  effective  Feb.  9,  1916. 

119 


CHAP.  5,  ART.  22,  SECS.  472-477. 


use  of  balloon  framing  with  proper  sills,  posts,  ribbon  strips  and  plates  provided 
the  building  is  properly  braced  in  all  angles  or  the  sheathing  is  put  on  diagonally. 
Floor  and  roof  beams  and  rafters  shall  not  be  less  than  2  inches  in  thickness.  No 
part  of  the  wood  framework  shall  be  built  below  the  ground  level.  (Amended  by 
ord.  effective  May  8,  1917.) 

§473.  Filling  in  walls. 

1.  Independent  walls.  Any  exterior  wall  of  frame  construction,  hereafter  erected 
within  3  feet  of  a  side  or  rear  line  of  the  lot  or  plot  on  which  it  is  located,  or  here¬ 
after  erected  as  the  side  wall  of  any  frame  tenement  house,  shall  have  the  spaces 
between  the  studding  filled  in  solidly  with  brickwork  or  other  approved  incombustible 
material. 

2.  Party,  walls.  Every  party  wall  of  frame  construction  hereafter  erected  shall 
have  the  studding  filled  in  solidly  with  brickwork  or  other  approved  incombustible 
material,  not  less  than  4  inches  thick.  Every  interior  wall  of  frame  construction, 
extending  from  front  to  rear  without  openings  and  dividing  the  building  into  separate 
and  distinct  parts,  shall  have  the  studding  filled  in  solidly  with  brickwork  or  other 
approved  incombustible  material. 

3.  Extent  of  filling.  The  filling  herein  required  in  exterior  or  party  walls  of 
frame  construction  shall  in  all  cases  be  carried  up  from  the  ground  to  the  under  side 
of  the  roof  boards. 

§474.  Roofing. 

1.  Within  the  fire  limits.  Any  roofing  hereafter  placed  on  any  frame  building 
within  the  fire  limits  shall  be  of  approved  incombustible  materials,  provided  that  any 
existing  shingle  roof  may  be  repaired  at  any  time  to  an  extent  of  not  more  than  25 
per  cent,  of  its  surface. 

2.  Outside  of  fire  limits.  Nothing  in  this  chapter  shall  prevent  the  use  of  wood 
shingles  outside  the  fire  limits  on  any  building  which,  under  the  provisions  of  this 
chapter,  is  permissible  of  frame  construction. 

§475.  Towers. 

1.  On  residence  buildings.  Outside  of  the  fire  limits  towers,  turrets  or  minarets 
of  frame  construction  may  be  erected  on  frame  buildings  occupied  or  used  exclusively 
as  residence  buildings,  provided  they  do  not  extend  more  than  10  feet  above  the  limiting 
height  for  frame  buildings  and  do  not  cover  an  aggregate  area  of  more  than  15  per 
cent,  of  the  roof  area  of  the  building,  and  that  the  greatest  horizontal  dimension  of 
any  one  tower,  turret  or  minaret  is  not  more  than  15  feet. 

2.  Church  spires.  Outside  of  the  fire  limits  and  the  suburban  limits,  towers  or 
spires  of  frame  construction  may  be  erected  on  frame  buildings  occupied  or  used 
exclusively  as  churches  or  other  places  of  worship,  provided  they  do  not  exceed  a 
height  of  75  feet  above  the  curb  or  ground  level. 

3.  Covering.  All  towers  or  other  structures  provided  for  in  this  section  shall  be 
covered  on  the  exterior  with  approved  incombustible  roofing. 

§476.  Piazzas. 

Within  the  fire  limits  and  the  suburban  limits,  piazzas  or  balconies  of  wood  may 
be  erected  on  residence  buildings  having  not  more  than  15  sleeping  rooms,  provided 
they  do  not  exceed  12  feet  in  width,  and  do  not  extend  more  than  3  feet  above  the 
second  story  floor  beams.  The  roofs  of  all  such  piazzas  or  balconies  shall  be  covered 
with  incombustible  material. 

§477.  Minor  structures. 

1.  Sheds.  Within  the  fire  limits  and  the  suburban  limits  sheds,  open  on  at  least 
one  side,  may  be  erected  of  wood,  but  such  sheds  shall  not  exceed  15  feet  in  height, 
shall  not  cover  an  area  exceeding  2,500  square  feet,  shall  not  be  placed  nearer  than 

120 


BUILDING  CODE. 


4  feet  to  any  lot  line,  and  shall  be  covered  on  the  sides  and  roof  with  incombustible 
materials. 

2.  Outhouses.  Outhouses  of  wood  to  be  used  exclusively  for  privies,  or  for  the 
storage  of  coal  or  wood  for  domestic  purposes,  may  be  erected  on  the  lot  with  any 
residence  building  within  the  fire  limits  or  the  suburban  limits,  provided  they  do  not 
exceed  8  feet  in  height,  or  150  square  feet  in  area,  and  have  the  roofs  covered  with 
incombustible  materials. 

3.  Builders’  shanties.  One-story  buildings  for  the  use  of  builders  in  connection 
with  any  building  operation  for  which  a  permit  has  been  issued,  may  be  constructed  of 
wood  and  placed  on  the  lot  or  plot  where  such  building  operation  is  carried  on,  or  on 
adjoining  lots  or  plots  if  they  do  not  interfere  with  the  safe  occupancy  of  any  build¬ 
ings  thereon,  or  on  the  sheds  which  may  be  required  or  provided  over  the  sidewalks 
in  front  of  such  building  operation. 

4.  Fences.  Fences  of  wood  within  the  fire  limits  or  the  suburban  limits  shall  not 
exceed  12  feet  in  height. 

§478.  Temporary  structures. 

1.  Meaning.  Temporary  structures  shall  be  taken  to  mean  platforms,  reviewing 
stands,  gospel  tents,  circus  tents  and  other  structures  that  are  erected  to  serve  their 
purpose  for  a  limited  time. 

2.  Permits.  Temporary  structures  shall  not  be  erected  until  a  permit,  specifying 
the  purpose  and  the  period  of  maintenance,  shall  have  been  obtained  from  the  super¬ 
intendent  of  buildings. 

3.  How  located.  Within  the  fire  limits  or  the  suburban  limits,  no  temporary 
structure  which  is  enclosed  in  any  manner  shall  be  placed  on  any  lot  nearer  than  4 
feet  to  the  lot  line. 

4.  Removal.  Every  temporary  structure  shall  be  removed  at  the  expiration  of 
the  period  for  which  the  permit  was  issued,  unless  such  permit  is  renewed. 

5.  Unlawful  use.  It  shall  be  unlawful  to  use  any  temporary  structure  for  any 
other  purpose  than  that  designated  in  the  permit. 

§479.  Miscellaneous  frame  structures. 

Frame  structures  which  are  of  an  unusual  character,  and  to  which  the  provisions 
of  this  chapter  do  not  directly  apply,  including  among  others,  buildings  for  fair  and 
exhibition  purposes,  towers  for  observation,  amusement  devices,  greenhouses  and 
lumber  sheds,  and  temporary  structures  of  any  kind  shall  be  erected  in  conformity  to 
such  rules,  consistent  with  the  provisions  of  this  chapter  and  securing  the  general 
intent  thereof,  as  may  be  adopted  by  the  superintendent  of  buildings. 

§480.  Permissible  alterations. 

1.  Application.  Subject  to  the  requirement  of  this  chapter  as  to  construction, 
occupancy  and  location,  any  existing  frame  building  within  the  fire  limits  or  the 
suburban  limits  occupied  exclusively  as  a  residence  building  and  having  not  more  than 
15  sleeping  rooms,  may  be  altered  and  enlarged  o'f  frame  construction  as  hereafter 
specified  in  this  section,  provided  that  no  such  building  shall  be  altered  or  enlarged  to 
be  used  for  any  other  purpose. 

2.  Raising  in  height,  a.  Any  such  building  situated  in  a  row  of  frame  buildings 
may  be  increased  in  height  to  conform  to  the  height  of  adjoining  buildings. 

b.  Any  such  building  already  exceeding  25  feet  in  height,  that  has  a  peaked 
roof,  may  be  raised  for  the  purpose  of  making  a  flat  roof  thereon,  provided  that  the 
new  roof  is  covered  with  incombustible  material,  and  that,  when  so  raised,  the  building 
shall  not  exceed  40  feet  in  height  to  the  highest  part  thereof. 

c.  Nothing  in  this  section  shall  prohibit  1  story  and  basement  residence  buildings 
from  being  increased  1  additional  story  in  height. 

121 


CHAP.  5,  ARTS.  23,  24,  SECS.  490-493. 


3.  Extensions,  a.  Any  such  building  may  be  extended,  either  on  the  front  or 
rear,  to  a  depth  of  not  more  than  15  feet  and  not  more  than  the  width  of  the  building 
and  not  more  than  2  stories  and  basement  in  height. 

b.  If  any  such  building  has  an  extension  of  less  width  than  the  main  building 
the  same  may  be  increased  in  width  to  the  full  width  and  height  of  the  main  building. 

4.  Bay  windows.  Any  such  building  may  have  bay  windows  of  wood  placed  on 
any  story,  the  roofs  of  which  may  be  .covered  with  the  same  material  as  the  roof  of 
the  mam  building,  except  when  such  a  bay  window  would  increase  the  width  ot  the 
building  to  more  than  85  per  cent  of  the  width  of  the  lot. 

§481.  Use  of  masonry  walls. 

In  case  approved  masonry  or  reinforced  concrete  is  used  for  the  exterior  w^alls  of 
any  building  which,  under  the  provisions  of  this  chapter,  is  permitted  to  be  of  frame 
construction,  nothing  in  this  chapter  shall  prohibit  all  other  parts  of  the  building  from 
being  constructed  as  though  the  entire  building  were  of  frame  construction. 


ARTICLE  23. 


Section  490. 

491. 

492. 

493. 


Buildings  of  a  Public  Character. 

Public  safety. 

Aisles  and  passageways. 

Enforcement  of  article. 

Exemptions. 


§490.  Public  safety. 

In  all  buildings  of  a  public  character,  such  as  hotels,  churches,  theatres,  restaur¬ 
ants,  railroad  depots,  public  halls,  and  other  buildings  used  or  intended  to  be  used 
for  purposes  of  public  assembly,  amusement  or  instruction,  and  including  depart¬ 
ment  stores  and  other  business  and  manufacturing  buildings  where  large  number 
of  people  are  congregated,  the  halls,  doors,  stairways,  seats,  passageways  and  aisles, 
and  all  lighting  and  heating  appliances  and  apparatus  shall  be  arranged  as  the  fire 
commissioner  shall  direct,  to  facilitate  egress  in  cases  of  fire  or  accident,  and  to 
afford  the  requisite  and  proper  accommodation  for  the  public  protection  in  such  cases. 


§491.  Aisles  and  passageways. 

All  aisles  and  passageways  in  said  buildings  shall  be  kept  free  from  camp  stools, 
chairs,  sofas,  and  other  obstruction,  and  no  person  shall  be  allowed  to  stand  in  or 
occupy  any  of  said  aisles  or  passageways  during  any  performance,  service,  exhibition, 
lecture,  concert,  ball  or  any  public  assemblage. 


§492.  Enforcement  of  article. 

The  superintendent  of  buildings  may  at  any  time  serve  a  written  or  printed 
notice  upon  the  owner,  lessee  or  manager  of  any  of  said  buildings,  directing  any 
act  or  thing  to  be  done  or  provided  in  or  about  the  said  buildings  and  the  several 
appliances  therewith  connected,  such  as  halls,  doors,  stairs,  windows,  seats,  aisles, 
fire  walls,  fire  apparatus  and  fire-escapes,  as  he  may  deem  necessary.  (Amended 
by  ord.  effective  Sept.  18,  1917.) 


§493.  Exemptions. 

Nothing  herein  contained  shall  be  construed  to  authorize  or  require  any  other  alter¬ 
ations  to  theatres  existing  prior  to  June  9,  1885,  than  are  specified  in  this  article. 


(B.  C,  §108.) 


ARTICLE  24. 


Motion  Picture  Theatres. 

Section  500.  Plans. 

501.  Restrictions. 

502.  Construction. 


122 


BUILDING  CODE. 


Section  503. 

504. 

505. 

506. 


Means  of  egress. 

Booth  for  projecting-machine  and  film. 
Application  to  existing  theatres. 
Open-air  motion-picture  theatres. 


§500.  Plans. 

Before  the  erection,  construction  or  alteration  of  a  building  or  part  thereof,  to 
be  used  as  a  motion-picture  theatre,  as  defined  in  §30  of  chapter  3  of  this  ordinance, 
there  must  be  filed  with  the  appropriate  superintendent  of  buildings  complete  plans 
and  the  detailed  statement  of  the  specifications  therefor,  required  by  §3  of  this  chapter. 
The  plans  must  show  clearly  and  fully  the  location  and  width  of  all  aisles,  passage¬ 
ways,  exits,  stairways  and  fire  escapes;  the  arrangement  of  seats;  the  size  of  floor 
beams,  walls  and  supports;  the  location  and  construction  of  the  enclosure  for  the 
motion-picture  machinery  and  other  apparatus;  a  diagram  of  the  lot  or  plot  upon 
which  the  theatre  is  to  be  erected  or  constructed,  showing  the  outlets  from  all  exits, 
and  also  such  other  statements,  plans  and  details  as  may  be  required  by  the  superin¬ 
tendent  of  buildings  having  jurisdiction.  (C.  O.  §352d,  subd.  1;  added  by  ord.  ap¬ 
proved  July  8,  1913.) 

§501.  Restrictions. 

No  motion-picture  theatre,  as  defined  aforesaid,  shall  be  constructed  in  a  frame 
building  within  the  fire  limits,  nor  in  a  hotel,  tenement  house  or  lodging  house, 
nor  in  a  factory  or  workshop,  except  where  the  theatre  is  separated  from  the  rest  of 
the  building  by  unpierced  fire  walls  and  floors,  and  in  no  case  shall  such  a  theatre  be 
constructed  or  operated  above  or  below  the  ground  floor  of  any  building.  (C.  O.,  §352, 
subd.  2.) 

§502.  Construction. 

In  all  motion-picture  theatres,  as  defined  aforesaid,  to  be  hereafter  constructed,  the 
following  requirements  shall  be  complied  with,  namely: 

1.  Ceilings.  The  ceilings  of  all  theatres  and  of  all  rooms  used  in  connection 
therewith  shall  be  plastered  with  3  coats  of  first-class  plaster  on  wire  mesh  or  metal 
lath,  or  covered  with  y2- inch  plaster  boards,  and  plastered  or  covered  with  metal.  If 
there  be  a  basement  or  cellar,  the  ceiling  under  the  floor  of  the  theatre  must  be 
plastered  with  3  coats  of  first  class  plaster  on  wire  mesh  or  expanded  metal  lath,  or 
may  be  covered  with  metal  on  y2- inch  plaster  boards.  (C.  O.,  §352d,  subd.  4.) 

2.  Floor-loads.  The  flooring  of  that  portion  of  the  building  devoted  to  the  uses 
or  accommodation  of  the  public  must  be  of  sufficient  strength  to  bear  safely  a  live 
load  of  90  pounds  per  square  foot.  (C.  O.,  §352d,  subd.  12.) 

3.  Galleries  and  stairways.  A  gallery  may  be  permitted,  except  in  a  theatre  con¬ 
structed  on  a  lot  less  than  20'  feet  in  width,  but  it  shall  not  include  more  than  25  per 
cent  of  the  total  seating  capacity  of  the  theatre.  Entrance  to  and  exit  from  the 
gallery  shall  in  no  case  lead  to  the  main  floor  of  the  theatre,  and  the  gallery  shall  be 
provided  with  a  stairway  or  stairways  equipped  with  handrails  on  both  sides.  Stair¬ 
ways  over  7  feet  wide  shall  be  provided  with  centre  handrails.  The  risers  of  the 
stairways  shall  not  exceed  7Y\  inches,  and  the  treads,  excluding  nosings,  shall  not 
be  less  than  9 y>  inches.  There  shall  be  no  circular  or  winding  stairways.  The  total 
width  of  the  stairways  shall  not  be  less  than  8  feet  in  the  clear  where  the  gallery 
accommodates  150  people ;  for  every  50  people  less  than  150,  accommodated  by  the 
gallery,  said  width  may  be  reduced  1  foot.  Stairways  shall  be  constructed  of  fireproof 
material,  and  such  material  and  the  bearing  capacity  of  such  stairways  shall  be 
approved  by  the  bureau  of  buildings.  (C.  O.,  §352d,  subd.  4.) 

4.  Gradients.  To  overcome  any  difference  of  level  between  corridors,  lobbies 
and  aisles  in  a  theatre,  gradients  of  not  over  1  foot  in  10  feet,  or  steps  having  a 

123 


CHAP.  5 ,  ART.  24,  SEC.  502. 

rise  not  over  8  inches  and  a  width  of  not  less  than  10  inches  shall  be  used.  (C.  O., 
§352d,  subd.  8.) 

5.  Walls.  If  the  walls  of  the  theatre  contain  wooden  studs  they  shall  be  covered 
either  with  expanded  metal  lath  or  wire  mesh  and  plastered  with  3  coats  of  first 
class  plaster,  or  with  metal  on  j4-inch  plaster  boards,  and  all  joints  shall  be  properly 
filled  with  mortar.  (C.  O.,  §352d,  subd.  6.) 

§503.  Means  of  egress. 

1.  Aisles.  All  aisles  in  a  motion-picture  theatre  or  in  a  gallery  thereof  must  be 
at  least  3  feet  in  the  clear.  (C.  O.,  §352d,  subd.  9.) 

2.  Chair  Space.  All  chairs  in  such  a  theatre,  except  those  contained  in  the  boxes, 
must  not  be  less  than  32  inches  from  back  to  back  and  must  be  firmly  secured  to  the 
floor;  no  seat  shall  have  more  than  7  seats  intervening  between  it  and  an  aisle,  and 
the  space  occupied  by  each  person  shall  be  separated  from  the  adjoining  space  by 
means  of  an  arm  or  other  suitable  device.  (C.  O.,  §352d,  subd.  10.) 

3.  Exits.  A  building  to  be  erected  or  to  be  altered  for  use  as  a  motion-picture 
theatre  must  be  provided,  on  the  main  floor  thereof,  with  at  least  2  separate  exits, 
1  of  which  shall  be  in  the  front  and  the  other  in  the  rear  of  the  structure  and  both 
leading  to  unobstructed  outlets  to  the  street.  Where  the  main  floor  of  the  theatre 
accommodates  more  than  300  people,  there  shall  be  at  least  3  such  exits,  the  aggregate 
width  in  feet  of  which  shall  not  be  less  than  1/20  of  the  number  of  persons  to  be 
accommodated  therein.  No  exits  shall  be  less  than  5  feet  in  width,  and  there  shall  be  a 
main  exit,  not  less  than  10  feet  in  total  width.  All  exit  doors  must  be  fireproof  and 
made  to  open  outwardly,  and  be  so  arranged  as  not  to  obstruct  the  required  width  of 
exit  or  court  when  opened.  All  doors  leading  to  fire  escapes  must  be  not  less  than  40 
inches  wide  in  the  clear,  and  shall  be  located  at  the  opposite  side  or  end  of  the  gallery 
from  other  exit  doors.  (C.  O.,  §352d,  subds.  3,  11.) 

4.  Exit-passageway  to  street.  In  any  such  building,  if  an  unobstructed  exit  to  a 
street  cannot  be  provided  at  the  rear  thereof  as  herein  specified,  either  an  open 
court  or  a  fireproof  passageway  or  corridor  must  be  provided,  extending  from  tne 
rear  exit  to  the  street  front,  at  least  4  feet  in  the  clear  for  theatres  accommodating 
100  persons  or  less;  the  width  to  be  increased  8  inches  for  every  additional  100  per¬ 
sons  to  be  accommodated.  Such  passageway  or  corridor  must  be  constructed  of  fire¬ 
proof  material  and  be  at  least  10  feet  high  in  the  clear.  The  walls  forming  such  pas¬ 
sageway  or  corridor  must  be  at  least  8  inches  thick,  and  shall  be  constructed  of  brick 
or  other  approved  fireproof  material.  If  there  be  a  basement,  the  wall  on  the  audito¬ 
rium  side  should  either  run  1  foot  below  the  cellar  bottom,  or  may  be  carried  in  the 
cellar  on  iron  columns  and  girders  below  the  cellar  bottom,  or  on  iron  columns 
or  girders  properly  fireproofed,  according  to  §351  of  this  chapter.  The  ceiling  of  such 
passageway  must  be  constructed  as  required  by  §354  of  this  chapter.  If  unobstructed 
rear  exits  or  exits  to  a  street  are  provided,  they  must  be  of  the  same  total  wicfth 
required  for  the  court,  passageway  or  corridor  above  mentioned.  The  level  of  the 
open  court  or  passageway  at  the  front  of  the  building  shall  not  be  greater  than  1  step 
above  the  level  of  the  sidewalk,  and  the  grade  shall  not  be  more  than  1  foot  in  10,  with 
no  perpendicular  risers.  (C.  O.,  §352d,  subd.  3.) 

5.  Fire-escapes.  Galleries  must  also  be  provided  with  at  least  one  line  of  fire 
escapes,  leading  to  an  open  court,  fireproof  passage  or  street  without  re-entering 
the  same  or  any  other  building.  If  the  fire  escape  leads  to  a  point  in  the  court  nearer 
the  street  than  any  exit,  there  must  be  a  width  of  not  less  than  4  feet  in  the  clear 
between  the  outer  edge  of  the  fire  escape  and  the  outer  wall  of  the  court.  All  fire 
escapes  must  have  balconies,  not  less  than  3  feet  4  inches  in  width  in  the  clear  and 
not  less  than  4  feet  6  inches  long  and  from  said  balconies  there  shall  be  staircases 
extending  to  the  ground  level,  with  a  rise  of  not  over  7^4  niches  and  a  step  of  not  less 

124 


BUILDING  CODE. 


than  9 inches,  and  the  width  of  the  stairs  must  not  be  less  than  3  feet  4  inches. 
(C.  O.,  §352d,  subds.  4,  5.) 

§504.  Booth  for  projecting=machine  and  film. 

Apparatus  for  projecting  motion-pictures  shall  be  contained  in  a  fireproof  booth 
or  enclosure  constructed  as  required  by  law.  The  booth  in  which  the  picture  machine 
is  operated  shall  be  provided  with  an  opening  in  its  roof,  or  in  the  upper  part  of 
its  side  walls,  leading  to  the  outdoor  air,  and  with  a  vent  flue,  which  shall  have  a 
minimum  cross  sectional  area  of  50  square  inches  and  shall  be  fireproof.  When  the 
booth  is  in  use,  there  shall  be  a  constant  current  of  air  passing  outward  through  said 
opening  or  vent  flue,  at  the  rate  of  not  less  than  30  cubic  feet  per  minute.  The  re¬ 
quirements  of  this  sectioft  shall  apply  to  portable  booths  and  booths  in  open-air  the¬ 
atres,  as  well  as  to  motion-picture  theatres.  (C.  O.,  §§352d,  subd.  7,  352e,  subd.  3.) 
§505.  Application  to  existing  theatres. 

All  the  provisions  of  this  article  shall  apply  to  existing  places  of  entertainment 
where  motion  pictures  are  exhibited  under  common  show  licenses,  in  case  the  seating 
capacity  be  increased;  and,  in  case  the  seating  capacity  be  not  increased,  all  the  pro¬ 
visions  of  this  article  shall  apply,  except  the  provisions  of  §§500,  501,  subdivisions  1, 
3  and  5  of  §502  and  subdivisions  3,  4  and  5  of  §503 ;  but  the  commissioner  of  licenses 
shall  have  power,  in  his  discretion,  to  enforce  the  provisions  of  subdivisions  3  and  4 
of  §503,  relating  to  exits  and  courts. 

An  existing  place  of  entertainment  seating  300  persons  or  less,  where  motion  pic¬ 
tures  are  exhibited  in  conjunction  with  any  other  form  of  entertainment,  must  com¬ 
ply,  before  a  reissuance  of  its  license,  with  the  provisions  of  article  25  of  this  chapter, 
relating  to  theatres  seating  more  than  300  persons.  But,  if  such  existing  place  of 
entertainment  shall  discontinue  all  other  form  of  entertainment  except  the  exhibition 
of  motion  pictures,  it  may  be  licensed  in  accordance  with  the  provisions  of  first  para¬ 
graph  of  this  section.  (C.  O.,  §§352h  and  352i;  amended  by  ord.  effective  June  22, 
1915.) 

§506.  Open=air  motion=picture  theatres. 

The  seating  capacity  of  each  open-air  motion-picture  theatre,  as  defined  in  §30 
of  chapter  3  of  this  ordinance,  shall  be  such  as  shall  be  prescribed  by  the  commissioner 
of  licenses.  All  such  theatres  shall  conform  to  the  following  requirements : 

1.  Aisles.  The  number  and  width  of  all  aisles  shall  be  as  prescribed  by  the 
commissioner  of  licenses,  but  no  aisle  shall  be  less  than  4  feet  wide;  (C.  O.,  §352k.) 

2.  Exits.  At  least  2  separate  exits,  remote  from  each  other,  shall  be  provided, 
and  no  exit  shall  be  less  than  5  feet  in  width ;  for  every  25  persons  to  be  accommo¬ 
dated  in  excess  of  300,  the  total  width  of  exits  shall  be  increased  1  foot.  All  exits 
must  be  indicated  by  signs  and  red  lights,  and  doors  must  open  outwardly;  (C.  O'., 
§352k.) 

3.  Seats.  Seats  must  be  stationary,  with  backs  32  inches  apart,  and  so  arranged 
that  no  seat  shall  have  more  than  7  seats  intervening  between  it  and  an  aisle.  Chairs 
must  be  either  securely  fastened  to  a  wood  or  concrete  floor,  or  all  chairs  in  a  row 
must  be  fastened  together,  and  at  least  4  rows  must  be  securely  fastened  to  1  frame; 
except  that,  where  refreshments  are  served,  tables  and  unattached  chairs  or  benches 
used  with  them  may  be  permitted;  (C.  O.,  §352k.) 

4.  Floors.  The  floor  must  be  constructed  either  of  wood,  with  sleepers,  or  con¬ 
crete;  it  must  extend  at  least  5  feet  from  the  seats  on  all  sides;  provided,  however, 
that,  in  the  discretion  of  the  commissioner  of  licenses,  a  gravel  floor  may  be  substi¬ 
tuted  for  wood  or  concrete.  (C.  O.,  §352k.) 

In  addition  to  the  foregoing  requirements,  the  provisions  of  subdivision  2  and  4 
of  §502  and  §504  of  this  article  shall  apply  to  all  open-air  motion  picture  theatres. 
(C.  O.,  §352k.) 


125 


CHAP.  5,  ART.  25,  SECS.  520-523. 


ARTICLE  25. 

Theatres  and  Other  Places  of  Amusement. 


Section  520. 

Application  of  article. 

521. 

Buildings  must  be  approved. 

522. 

Auditorium  walls. 

523. 

Dressing  rooms. 

524. 

Fire-extinguishing  appliances. 

525. 

Heating  plant. 

526. 

Lights. 

527. 

Means  of  egress. 

528. 

Partitions  and  walls. 

529. 

Proscenium  construction. 

530. 

Protective  curtain. 

531. 

Roof  of  auditorium. 

532. 

Seats. 

533. 

Stage. 

534. 

Miscellaneous  requirements. 

535. 

Storage  rooms;  workshops 

536. 

Use  and  occupancy. 

537. 

Jurisdiction  of  fire  commissioner. 

538. 

Saving  clause. 

§520.  Application  of  article. 

Every  theatre  or  opera  house  or  other  building  intended  to  be  used  for  theatrical 
or  operatic  purposes,  or  for  public  entertainment  of  any  kind,  hereafter  erected  for 
the  accommodation  of  more  than  300  persons,  shall  be  built  to  comply  with  the  re¬ 
quirements  of  this  article.  No  building  which,  at  the  time  of  the  passage  of  this  ordi¬ 
nance,  is  not  in  actual  use  for  theatrical  or  operatic  purposes,  and  no  building  here¬ 
after  erected  not  in  conformity  with  the  requirements  of  this  section,  shall  be  used 
for  theatrical  or  operatic  purposes,  or  for  public  entertainment  of  any  kind,  until 
the  same  shall  have  been  made  to  conform  to  the  requirements  of  this  article. 
(B.  G,  §109.  ^ 

§521.  Buildings  must  be  approved. 

No  building  described  in  the  preceding  section  of  this  article  shall  be  opened  to 
the  public  for  theatrical  or  operatic  purposes,  or  for  public  entertainments  of  any 
kind,  until  the  fire  commissioner  and  the  superintendent  of  buildings  shall  have 
approved  the  same  in  writing  as  conforming  to  the  requirements  of  this  article. 
Any  such  building  in  which  departure  from  the  provisions  of  this  article  has  been 
made  under  an  approval  of  the  superintendent  of  buildings  or  the  board  of  exam¬ 
iners,  and  which  has,  previous  to  May  1,  1916,  been  approved  for  use  by  the  fire 
commissioner  and  the  superintendent  of  buildings,  may  be  approved  as  conforming 
to  the  requirements  of  this  article,  so  long  as  it  is  deemed  reasonably  safe  by  the 
fire  commissioner  and  the  superintendent  of  buildings,  provided,  however,  that  a 
building  as  to  which  the  Courts  have  held  that  a  permit  for  its  alteration  or  recon¬ 
struction  is  void,  shall  not  be  approved.  (Amended  by  ord.  appd.  Jan.  6,  1917.) 

§522.  Auditorium  walls. 

Interior  walls  built  of  fireproofing  materials  shall  separate  the  auditorium  from 
the  entrance  vestibule,  and  from  any  room  or  rooms  over  the  same,  also  from  lobbies, 
corridors,  refreshment  or  other  rooms.  (B.  C.,  §109.) 

§523.  Dressing  rooms. 

Dressing  rooms  may  be  placed  in  the  fly  galleries,  provided  that  proper  exits 
are  secured  therefrom  to  the  fire  escapes  in  the  open  courts,  and  that  the  partitions 

126 


BUILDING  CODE. 


and  other  matters  pertaining  to  dressing  rooms  shall  conform  to  the  requirements 
herein  contained,  but  the  stairs  leading  to  the  same  shall  be  fireproof.  All  dress¬ 
ing  rooms  shall  have  an  independent  exit  leading  directly  into  a  court  or  street, 
and  shall  be  ventilated  by  windows  in  the  external  walls;  and  no  dressing  room  shall 
be  below  the  street  level.  All  windows  shall  be  arranged  to  open,  and  none  of  the 
windows  in  outside  walls  shall  have  fixed  sashes,  iron  grills  or  bars.  (B.  C.,  §109.) 

§524.  Fire=extinguishing  appliances. 

In  every  building  described  in  §520  of  this  article  there  shall  be  provided: 

1.  Hose.  A  proper  and  sufficient  quantity  of  2j4  inch  hose,  not  less  than  100 
feet  in  length,  fitted  with  the  regulation  couplings  of  the  fire  department  and  with 
nozzles  attached  thereto,  and  with  hose  spanners  at  each  outlet,  shall  always  be  kept 
attached  to  each  hose  attachment  as  the  fire  commissioner  may  direct.  (B.  C.,  §109.) 

2.  Sprinkler  system.  A  separate  and  distinct  system  of  automatic  sprinklers, 
with  fusible  plugs,  approved  by  the  superintendent  of  buildings,  supplied  with  water 
from  a  tank  located  on  the  roof  over  the  stage  and  not  connected  in  any  manner  with 
the  stand  pipes,  shall  be  placed  at  each  side  of  the  proscenium  opening  and  on  the 
ceiling  or  roof  over  the  stage  at  such  intervals  as  will  protect  every  square  foot  of 
stage  surface  when  said  sprinklers  are  in  operation.  Automatic  sprinklers  shall  also 
be  placed,  whenever  practicable,  in  the  dressing  rooms  under  the  stage  and  in  the 
carpenter  shop,  paint  rooms,  store  rooms  and  property  room.  (B.  C.,  §109.) 

3.  Stand  pipes.  Stand  pipes  4  inches  in  diameter  shall  be  provided  with  hose 
attachments  on  every  floor  and  gallery  as  follows,  namely :  One  on  each  side  of  the 
auditorium  in  each  tier,  also  on  each  side  of  the  stage  in  each  tier,  and  at  least  one 
in  the  property  room  and  one  in  the  carpenter’s  shop,  if  the  same  be  contiguous  to  the 
building.  All  such  stand  pipes  shall  be  kept  clear  from  obstruction.  Said  stand  pipes 
shall  be  separate  and  distinct,  receiving  their  supply  of  water  direct  from  the  power 
Dump  or  pumps,  and  shall  be  fitted  with  the  regulation  couplings  of  the  fire  depart¬ 
ment,  and  shall  be  kept  constantly  filled  with  water  by  means  of  an  automatic  power 
pump  or  pumps,  of  sufficient  capacity  to  supply  all  the  lines  of  hose  when  operated 
simultaneously,  and  said  pump  or  pumps  shall  be  supplied  from  the  street  main  and 
be  ready  for  immediate  use  at  all  times  during  any  performance  in  said  building.  In 
addition  to  the  requirements  contained  in  this  section,  the  stand  pipes  shall  also  con¬ 
form  to  the  requirements  contained  in  §581  of  this  chapter.  (B.  C.,  §109.) 

4.  Miscellaneous.  There  shall  also  be  kept  in  readiness  for  immediate  use  on  the 
stage,  at  least  4  casks  full  of  water,  and  2  buckets  to  each  cask.  Said  casks  and 
buckets  shall  be  painted  red.  There  shall  also  be  provided  hand  pumps  or  other 
portable  fire  extinguishing  apparatus  and  at  least  4  axes  and  2  25-foot  hooks,  2  15-foot 
hooks,  and  2  10-foot  hooks  on  each  tier  or  floor  of  the  stage.  (B.  C.,  §109.) 

§525.  Heating  plant. 

Every  steam  boiler  which  may  be  required  for  heating  or  other  purposes  shall  be 
located  outside  of  the  building.  The  space  allotted  to  the  same  shall  be  inclosed  by 
walls  of  masonry  on  all  sides,  and  the  ceiling  of  such  space  shall  be  constructed  of 
fireproof  materials.  All  doorways  in  the  walls  of  boiler-rooms  shall  have  fireproof 
doors.  No  floor  register  for  heating  shall  be  permitted.  No  coil  or  radiator  shall  be 
placed  in  any  aisle  or  passage  way  used  as  an  exit,  but  all  said  coils  and  radiators 
shall  be  placed  in  recesses  formed  in  the  wall  or  partition  to  receive  the  same.  All 
supply,  return  or  exhaust  pipes  shall  be  properly  incased  and  protected  where  passing 
through  floors  or  near  woodwork.  (B.  C.,  §109.) 

§526.  Lights. 

1.  Adequacy.  Every  portion  of  the  building  devoted  to  the  uses  or  accommoda¬ 
tion  of  the  public,  also  all  outlets  leading  to  the  streets  and  including  the  open  courts 

127 


CHAP.  5,  ART.  25,  SEC.  527. 


or  corridors,  shall  be  well  and  properly  lighted  during  every  performance,  and  the 
same  shall  remain  lighted  until  the  entire  audience  has  left  the  premise^.  When 
interior  gas  lights  are  not  lighted  by  electricity,  other  suitable  appliances,  to  be  ap¬ 
proved  by  the  superintendent  of  buildings,  shall  be  provided.  (B.  C,  §109.) 

2.  Corridors  and  passageways.  All  gas  or  electric  lights  in  the  halls,  corridors, 
lobby  or  any  other  part  of  said  buildings  used  by  the  audience,  except  the  auditorium, 
must  be  controlled  by  a  separate  shut-off,  located  in  the  lobby  and  controlled  only  in 
that  particular  place.  (B.  G,  §109.) 

3.  Fireproofing.  No  gas  or  electric  light  shall  be  inserted  in  the  walls,  wood¬ 
work,  ceilings,  or  in  any  part  of  the  building,  unless  protected  by  fireproof  materials. 
(B.  G,  §109.) 

4.  Gas  connections.  Gas  mains  supplying  the  building  shall  have  independent 
connections  for  the  auditorium  and  the  stage,  and  provision  shall  be  made  for  shutting 
off  the  gas  from  the  outside  of  the  building.  (B.  C.,  §109.) 

5.  Nettings.  All  suspended  or  bracket  lights  surrounded  by  glass  in  the  audi¬ 
torium,  or  in  any  part  of  the  building  devoted  to  the  public,  shall  be  provided  with 
proper  wire  netting  underneath.  All  lights  in  passages  and  corridors  in  said  buildings, 
wherever  deemed  necessary  by  the  superintendent  of  buildings,  shall  be  protected 
with  proper  wire  network.  (B.  C.,  §109.) 

6.  Stage  lights.  All  stage  lights  shall  have  strong  metal  wire  guards  or  screens, 
not  less  than  10  inches  in  diameter,  so  constructed  that  any  material  in  contact  there¬ 
with  shall  be  out  of  reach  of  the  flames  of  said  stage  lights,  and  must  be  soldered  to 
the  fixture  in  all  cases.  The  foot  lights,  in  addition  to  the  wire  network,  shall  be 
protected  with  a  strong  wire  guard  and  chain,  placed  not  less  than  2  feet  distant  from 
said  foot  lights,  and  the  trough  containing  them  shall  be  formed  of  and  surrounded 
by  fireproof  materials.  All  border  lights  shall  be  constructed  according  to  the  best 
known  methods,  subject  to  the  approval  of  the  superintendent  of  buildings,  and  shall 
be  suspended  for  10  feet  by  wire  rope.  (B.  C.,  §109.) 

7.  Ventilators.  All  ducts  or  shafts  used  for  conducting  heated  air  from  the 
main  chandelier,  or  from  any  other  light  or  lights,  shall  be  constructed  of  metal  and 
made  double,  with  an  air  space  between.  B.  C,  §109.) 

§527.  Means  of  egress. 

1.  Exits  to  streets.  Every  theatre  accommodating  300  persons  shall  have  at  least 
2  exits ;  when  accommodating  500  persons,  at  least  3  such  exits  shall  be  provided ; 
these  exits  not  referring  to  or  including  the  exits  to  the  open  court  at  the  side  of  the 
theatre.  Every  such  building  shall  have  one  or  more  fronts  on  the  streets,  and  in 
such  fronts  there  shall  be  suitable  means  of  entrance  and  exit  for  the  audience, 
aggregating  not  less  than  25  feet  in  width.  The  entrance  of  the  main  front  of  the 
building  shall  be  not  on  a  higher  level  from  the  sidewalk  than  4  steps,  unless  ap¬ 
proved  by  the  superintendent  of  buildings.  Each  exit  shall  be  at  least  5  feet  in 
width  in  the  clear  and  provided  with  doors  of  iron  or  wood ;  if  of  wood,  the  doors 
shall  be  constructed  as  hereinbefore  prescribed  in  this  chapter.  All  of  said  doors 
shall  open  outwardly,  and  shall  be  fastened  with  movable  bolts,  the  bolts  to  be  kept 
drawn  during  performances.  (Amended  by  ord.  approved  Aug.  8,  1916.) 

2.  Exits  to  courts.  In  addition  to  the  aforesaid  entrances  and  exits  on  the  street, 
there  shall  be  reserved,  for  service  in  case  of  an  emergency,  an  open  court  or  space  on 
each  side  of  the  auditorium  not  bordering  on  a  street.  The  unobstructed,  clear  width 
of  every  such  open  court  or  space  shall  be  not  less  than  8  feet  where  the  total  number 
of  persons  to  be  accommodated  in  the  auditorium  is  not  over  700,  increasing  pro¬ 
portionately  in  width  above  8  feet  in  the  ratio  of  1  foot  for  every  500  persons  above 
700  to  be  accommodated.  Every  such  open  court  or  space  shall  extend,  from  each 
and  every  exit  required  to  lead  thereto,  to  a  street  or  open  public  space  and  opening' 

128 


BUILDING  CODE. 


thereon,  either  directly  or  through  a  corridor  or  passageway  of  fireproof  construction, 
not  less  than  10  feet  high  in  the  clear,  having  an  unobstructed  clear  width  equal  to 
that  required  for  the  open  court  or  space  and  separated  completely  by  solid  walls, 
floors  and  ceilings  from  the  building  or  structure  through  which  it  passes,  provided 
that  no  such  corridor  or  passageway  shall  pass  under  any  portion  of  the  auditorium 
or  stage.  From  the  auditorium  opening  into  the  said  open  courts  or  on  a  street, 
there  shall  be  not  less  than  2  exits  on  each  side  in  each  tier  from  and  including 
the  parquet  and  each  gallery.  The  said  open  courts,  spaces,  corridors  and  passage¬ 
ways  shall  not  be  used  for  storage  purposes,  or  for  any  purpose  whatsoever,  except 
for  exit  and  entrance  from  and  to  the  auditorium  and  stage,  and  must  be  kept 
free  and  clear  during  performances.  Any  open  court  or  space  may  be  used  in  com¬ 
mon  for  2  or  more  auditoriums,  provided  the  unobstructed  clear  width  of  such 
open  court  or  space  is  equal  to  that  required  for  the  total  number  of  persons  to  be 
accommodated  in  all  the  auditoriums  opening  on  the  same.  (Amended  by  ord.  ap¬ 
proved  Aug.  8,  1916.) 

3.  Doorways  of  exits.  Doorways  of  exit  or  entrance  for  the  use  of  the  public 
shall  be  not  less  than  5  feet  in  width,  and  for  every  additional  100  persons  or  portions 
thereof  to  be  accommodated,  in  excess  of  500,  an  aggregate  of  20  inches  additional 
exit  width  must  be  allowed.  All  doors  of  exit  or  entrance  shall  open  outwardly  and 
be  hung  to  swing  in  such  a  manner  as  not  to  become  an  obstruction  in  a  passage  or 
corridor,  and  no  such  doors  shall  be  closed  and  locked  during  any  representation, 
or  when  the  building  is  open  to  the  public.  (B.  C.,  §109.) 

4.  Eoyers,  lobbies  and  corridors.  The  aggregate  capacity  of  the  foyers,  lobbies, 
corridors,  passages  and  rooms  for  the  use  of  the  audience,  not  including  toilet  rooms 
or  aisle  space  between  seats,  shall,  on  each  floor  or  gallery  be  sufficient  to  contain 
the  entire  number  to  be  accommodated  on  said  floor  or  gallery,  in  the  ratio  of  150 
square  feet  of  clear  floor  space  for  every  100  persons.  The  level  of  said  corridors, 
at  the  front  entrance  to  the  building,  shall  be  not  greater  than  one  step  above  the 
level  of  the  sidewalk  where  they  begin  at  the  street  entrance.  During  the  perform¬ 
ance  the  doors  or  gates  in  the  corridors  shall  be  kept  open  by  proper  fastenings ;  at 
other  times  they  may  be  closed  and  fastened  by  movable  bolts.  (Amended  by  ord. 
approved  Aug.  8,  1916.) 

5.  Aisles.  All  aisles  on  the  respective  floors  of  the  auditorium  shall  be  not  less 
than  3  feet  wide  where  they  begin,  and  shall  be  increased  in  width,  toward  the  exits, 
in  a  ratio  of  1^4  inches  to  5  running  feet.  Where  exits,  corridors,  passages  or  cross¬ 
over  aisles  are  provided  at  both  ends  of  any  aisle,  the  said  aisle  shall  be  uniform 
in  width  and  not  less  than  the  average  width  obtained  by  increasing  the  width  of  the 
aisle  from  the  starting  point  to  the  end,  as  hereinbefore  prescribed.  (B.  C.,  §109; 
amended  by  ord.  approved  Aug.  8,  1916.) 

6.  Gradients.  Gradients  or  inclined  planes  shall  be  employed  instead  of  steps, 
where  possible,  to  overcome  slight  difference  of  level  in  or  between  aisles,  corridors 
and  passages.  To  overcome  any  difference  of  level  in  and  between  courts,  corridors, 
lobbies,  passages  and  aisles,  gradients  shall  be  employed  of  not  over  1  foot  in  12  feet, 
with  no  perpendicular  risers,  except  that  in  aisles  runs  of  not  more  than  10  feet  in 
length  they  may  be  1  in  8.  (Amended  by  ord.  approved  Aug.  8,  1916.) 

7.  Gallery  exits.  Distinct  and  separate  places  of  exit  and  entrance  shall  be  pro¬ 
vided  for  each  gallery  above  the  first.  A  common  place  of  exit  and  entrance  may 
serve  for  the  main  floor  of  the  auditorium  and  the  first  galley,  provided  its  capacity 
be  equal  to  the  aggregate  capacity  of  the  outlets  from  the  main  floor  and  the  said 
gallery.  No  passage  leading  to  any  stairway  communicating  with  any  entrance  or 
exit  shall  be  less  than  4  feet  in  width,  in  any  part  thereof.  From  the  auditorium 
opening  into  the  said  open  courts  or  on  the  side  street,  there  shall  be  not  less  than 

129 


CHAP.  5,  ART.  25,  SEC.  527. 


2  exits  on  each  side  in  each  tier,  from  and  including  the  parquet  and  each  and  every 
gallery.  (B.  C,  §109.) 

8.  Staircases  to  galleries.  Where  the  seating  capacity  is  for  more  than  1,000 
people,  there  shall  be  at  least  2  independent  staircases,  with  direct  exterior  outlets 
provided  for  each  gallery  in  the  auditorium,  where  there  are  not  more  than  2  galleries, 
and  the  same  shall  be  located  on  opposite  sides  of  said  galleries.  Where  there  are 
more  than  2  galleries,  1  or  more  additional  staircases  shall  be  provided,  the  outlets 
from  which  shall  communicate  directly  with  the  principal  exit  or  other  exterior  out¬ 
lets.  All  such  staircases  shall  be  of  width  proportionate  to  the  seating  capacity  as 
elsewhere  herein  prescribed.  Where  the  seating  capacity  is  for  1,000  people,  or  less, 
2  direct  lines  of  staircases  only  shall  be  required,  located  o'n  opposite  sides  of  the 
galleries,  and  in  both  cases  shall  extend  from  the  sidewalk  level  to  the  upper  gallery, 
with  outlets  from  each  gallery  to  each  of  said  staircases.  All  inside  stairways  leading 
to  the  upper  galleries  of  the  auditorium  shall  be  inclosed  on  both  sides  with  walls  of 
fireproof  materials.  Stairs  leading  to  the  first  or  lower  gallery  may  be  left  open  on 
one  side,  in  which  case  they  shall  be  constructed  as  herein  provided  for  similar  stairs 
leading  from  the  entrance  hall  to  the  main  floor  of  the  auditorium.  But  in  no  case 
shall  stairs  leading  to  any  gallery  be  left  open  on  both  sides.  No  doo'rs  shall  be  open 
immediately  upon  a  flight  of  stairs,  but  a  landing  at  least  the  width  of  the  door  shall 
be  provided  between  such  stairs  and  such  door.  (B.  C.,  §109.) 

9.  Stage  staircases.  At  least  2  independent  staircases,  with  direct  exterior  out¬ 
lets,  shall  also  be  provided  fo'r  the  service  of  the  stage  and  shall  be  located  on  the 
opposite  sides  of  the  same.  (B.  C.,  §109  ) 

10.  Stairways.  All  staircases  for  the  use  of  the  audience  shall  be  inclosed  with 
walls  of  brick,  or  of  fireproof  materials  approved  by  the  superintendent  of  buildings, 
in  the  stories  through  which  they  pass,  and  the  openings  to  said  staircases  from  each 
tier  shall  be  of  the  full  width  of  said  staircase.  All  stairs  within  the  building  shall 
be  constructed  of  fireproof  material  throughout.  Stairs  from  balconies  and  galleries 
shall  not  communicate  with  the  basement  or  cellar.  All  stairs  shall  have  treads  of 
uniform  width  and  risers  of  uniform  height  throughout  in  each  flight.  Stairways 
serving  for  the  exit  of  50  people  shall  be  at  least  4  feet  wide  between  railings  or 
between  walls,  and  for  every  additional  50  people  to  be  accommodated  6  inches  must  be 
added  to  their  width.  The  width  of  all  stairs  shall  be  measured  in  the  clear  between 
hand  rails.  In  no  case  shall  the  risers  of  any  stairs  exceed  71/,  inches  in  height, 
nor  shall  the  treads,  exclusive  of  nosings,  be  less  than  10^2  inches  wide  in  straight 
stairs.  No  circular  or  winding  stairs  for  the  use  of  the  public  shall  be  permitted. 
When  straight  stairs  return  directly  on  themselves,  a  landing  of  the  full  width  of 
both  flights,  without  steps,  shall  be  provided.  The  outer  line  of  landings  shall 
b<*  curved  to  a  radius  of  not  less  than  2  feet  to  avoid  square  angles  Stairs  turning  at 
an  angle  shall  have  a  proper  landing  without  winders  introduced  at  said  turn.  In 
stairs,  when  2  side  flights  connect  with  one  main  flight,  no  windows  shall  be  introduced, 
and  the  width  of  the  main  flight  shall  be  at  least  equal  to  the  aggregate  width  of  the 
side  flights.  All  stairs  shall  have  proper  landings  introduced  at  convenient  distances. 
(B.  C.,  §109.) 

11.  Stairway  hand  rails.  All  inclosed  staircases  shall  have,  on  both  sides,  strong 
hand  rails  firmly  secured  to  the  wall,  about  3  inches  distant  therefrom  and  about  3  feet 
above  the  stairs,  but  said  hand  rails  shall  not  run  on  level  platforms  and  landings 
where  the  same  is  more  in  length  than  the  width  of  the  stairs.  All  staircases  8 
feet  and  over  in  width  shall  be  provided  with  a  centre  hand  rail  of  metal,  not  less  than 
2  inches  in  diameter,  placed  at  a  height  of  about  3  feet  above  the  centre  of  the  treads, 
and  supported  on  wrought  metal  or  brass  standards  of  sufficient  strength,  placed 
not  nearer  than  4  feet  nor  more  than  6  feet  apart,  and  securely  bolted  to  the  treads  or 


130 


BUILDING  CODE. 


risers  of  stairs,  or  both,  and  at  the  head  of  each  flight  of  stairs,  on  each  landing,  the 
post  or  standard  shall  be  at  least  6  feet  in  height,  to  which  the  rail  shall  be  secured. 
(B.  G,  §109.) 

12.  Fire-escapes •  There  shall  be  balconies,  not  less  than  6  feet  in  width,  in  the 
said  open  court  or  courts  at  each  level  or  tier  above  the  parquet,  o'n  each  side  of  the 
auditorium,  of  sufficient  length  to  embrace  the  2  exits,  and  from  said  balconies  there 
shall  be  staircases  extending  to  the  ground  level,  with  a  rise  of  not  over  8^4  inches  to 
a  step  and  not  less  than  9  inches  tread,  exclusive  of  the  nosing.  The  staircase  from  the 
upper  balcony  to  the  next  below  shall  be  not  less  than  48  inches  in  width  clear,  and 
from  the  first  balcony  to  the  ground  4  feet  in  width  in  the  clear  where  the  seating 
capacity  of  the  auditorium  is  for  1,000  people  or  less,  4  feet  6  inches  in  the  clear 
where  abo've  1,000  and  not  more  than  1,800  people,  and  5  feet  in  the  clear  where  above 
1,800  people  and  not  more  than  2,500  people,  and  not  over  5  feet  6  inches  in  the  clear 
where  above  2,500  people.  All  the  before  mentioned  balconies  and  staircases  shall 
be  constructed  of  iron  throughout,  including  the  floors,  and  of  ample  strength  to 
sustain  the  load  to  be  carried  by  them,  and  they  shall  be  covered  with  a  metal  hood  or 
awning,  to  be  constructed  in  such  manner  as  shall  be  approved  by  the  superintendent  of 
buildings.  Where  one  side  o'f  the  building  borders  on  the  street,  there  shall  be 
balconies  and  staircases  of  like  capacity  and  kind,  as  before  mentioned,  carried  to 
the  ground.  (B.  C.,  §109.) 

13.  Diagram  of  exits.  A  diagram  or  plan  of  each  tier,  gallery  or  floor,  showing 
distinctly  the  exits  therefrom,  each  occupying  a  space  not  less  than  15  square  inches, 
shall  be  printed  in  black  lines  in  a  legible  manner  on  the  programme  o'f  the  perform¬ 
ance.  Every  exit  shall  have  over  the  same  on  the  inside  the  word  “Exit”  painted  in 
legible  letters  not  less  than  8  inches  high.  (B.  C.,  §109.) 

§528.  Partitions  and  walls. 

The  partitions  in  that  portion  of  the  building  which  contain  the  auditorium,  the 
entrance  and  vestibule  and  every  room  and  passage  devoted  to  the  use  of  the  audience 
shall  be  constructed  of  fireproof  materials  including  the  furring  of  outside  or  other 
walls.  The  walls  separating  the  actor’s  dressing  rooms  from  the  stage  and  the  parti¬ 
tions  dividing  the  dressing  rooms,  together  with  the  partitions  of  every  passageway 
from  the  same  to  the  stage,  and  all  other  partitions  on  or  about  the  stage,  shall  be 
constructed  of  fireproof  material  approved  by  the  superintendent  of  buildings.  All 
doors  in  any  of  said  partitions  shall  be  fireproof.  (B.  C.,  §109.) 

§529.  Proscenium  construction. 

A  fire  wall,  built  of  brick,  shall  separate  the  auditorium  from  the  stage.  The  same 
shall  extend  at  least  4  feet  above  the  stage  roof,  or  the  auditorium  roof,  if  the  latter 
be  the  higher  and  shall  be  coped.  Above  the  proscenium  opening  there  shall  be  an  iron 
girder  of  sufficient  strength  safely  to  support  the  load  above,  and  the  same  shall  be 
covered  with  fireproof  materials  to  protect  it  from  the  heat.  Should  there  be  con¬ 
structed  an  orchestra  over  the  stage,  above  the  proscenium  opening,  the  said  orchestra 
shall  be  placed  on  the  auditorium  side  of  the  proscenium  fire  wall,  and  shall  be  entered 
only  from  the  auditorium  side  of  said  wall.  The  molded  frame  around  the  proscenium 
opening  shall  be  formed  entirely  of  fireproof  materials;  if  metal  be  used,  the  metal  shall 
be  filled  in  solid  with  non-combustible  material  and  securely  anchored  to  the  wall 
with  iron.  No  doorway  Or  opening  through  the  proscenium  wall,  from  the  auditorium, 
shall  be  allowed  above  the  level  of  the  first  floor,  and  such  first  floor  openings  shall 
have  fireproof  doors  on  each  face  of  the  wall,  and  the  doo'rs  shall  be  hung  so  as  to  be 
opened  from  either  side  at  all  times.  (B.  C.,  §109.) 

§530.  Protective  curtain. 

The  proscenium  opening  shall  be  provided  with  a  fireproof  metal  curtain,  or  a 
curtain  of  asbestos  or  other  fireproof  material  approved  by  the  superintendent  of  build- 

131 


CHAP.  5,  ART.  25,  SECS.  521-533. 


ings,  sliding  at  each  end  within  iron  grooves,  securely  fastened  to  the  brick  wall  and 
extending  into  such  grooves  to  a  depth  not  less  than  6  inches  on  each  side  of  the 
opening.  The  proscenium  curtains  shall  be  placed  at  least  3  feet  distant  from  the 
foot-lights,  at  the  nearest  point.  Said  fireproof  curtain  shall  be  raised  at  the  com¬ 
mencement  of  each  performance  and  lowered  at  the  close  thereof,  and  be  operated  by 
approved  machinery  for  that  purpose.  (B.  C.,  §109.) 

§531.  Roof  of  auditorium. 

The  roof  over  the  auditorium  and  the  entire  main  floor  of  the  auditorium  and 
vestibule,  also  the  entire  floor  of  the  second  story  of  the  front  superstructure  over  the 
entrance,  lobby  and  corridors,  and  all  galleries  and  support  for  the  same  in  the  audi¬ 
torium  shall  be  constructed  of  iron  and  steel  and  fireproof  materials,  not  excluding 
the  use  of  wood  floorboards  and  necessary  sleepers  to  which  to  fasten  the  same,  but 
such  sleepers  shall  not  mean  timbers  of  support,  and  the  space  between  the  sleepers, 
excepting  a  portion  under  the  stepping  in  the  galleries,  which  shall  be  properly  fire 
stopped,  shall  be  solidly  filled  with  incombustible  material  up  to  the  under  side  of  the 
floor  boards.  (B.  C.,  §109.) 

§532.  Seats. 

All  seats  in  the  auditorium,  excepting  those  contained  in  boxes,  shall  be  not  less 
than  32  inches  from  back  to  back,  measured  in  a  horizontal  direction,  and  firmly 
secured  to  the  floor.  There  shall  be  not  more  than  14  seats  in  any  row  extending 
from  one  aisle  to  another,  nor  more  than  7  seats  in  any  row  extending  from  one  aisle 
to  a  wall.  No  stool  or  seat  shall  be  placed  in  any  aisle.  All  platforms  in  galleries 
formed  to  receive  the  seats  shall  not  be  more  than  21  inches  in  height  of  riser,  nor 
less  than  32  inches  in  width  of  platform.  (Amended  by  ord.  approved  Aug.  8,  1916.) 

§533.  Stage. 

1.  Construction.  All  that  portion  of  the  stage  not  comprised  in  the  working  of 
scenery,  traps  and  other  mechanical  apparatus  for  the  presentation  of  a  scene,  usually 
equal  to  the  width  of  the  proscenium  opening,  shall  be  built  o'f  iron  or  steel  beams 
filled  in  between  with  fireproof  material,  and  all  girders  for  the  support  of  said  beams 
shall  be  of  wrought  iron  or  rolled  steel.  The  fly  galleries  entire,  including  pin-rails, 
shall  be  constructed  of  iron  or  steel,  and  the  floors  of  said  galleries  shall  be  composed 
of  iron  or  steel  beams,  filled  with  fireproof  materials,  and  no  wood  boards  or  sleepers 
shall  be  used  as  covering  over  beams,  but  the  said  floors  shall  be  entirely  fireproof. 
The  rigging  loft  shall  be  fireproof,  (B.  C.,  §109.) 

2.  Skylights.  There  shall  be  provided  over  the  stage,  metal  skylights  of  an  area 
or  combined  area  of  at  least  %  the  area  of  said  stage,  fitted  up  with  sliding  sash  and 
glazed  with  double  thick  sheet  glass  not  exceeding  1-12  of  an  inch  thick,  and  each 
pane  thereof  measuring  not  less  than  300  square  inches  and  the  whole  of  which  skylight 
shall  be  so  constructed  as  to  open  instantly  on  the  cutting  or  burning  of  a  hempen 
cord,  which  shall  be  arranged  to  hold  said  skylights  closed,  or  some  other  equally 
simple  approved  device  for  opening  them  may  be  provided.  Immediately  underneath 
the  glass  of  said  skylights  there  shall  be  wire  netting,  but  wire  glass  shall  not  be  used 
in  lieu  of  this  requirement.  (B.  G,  §109.) 

3.  Scenery  and  fittings.  All  stage  scenery,  curtains  and  decorations  made  of 
combustible  material,  and  all  woodwork  on  or  about  the  stage,  shall  be  painted  or 
saturated  with  some  non-combustible  material  or  otherwise  rendered  safe  against  fire, 
and  the  finishing  coats  of  paint  applied  to  all  woodwork  through  the  entire  building 
shall  be  of  such  kind  as  will  resist  fire,  to  the  satisfaction  of  the  superintendent  of 
buildings  having  jurisdiction.  (B.  C.,  §109.) 


132 


BUILDING  CODE. 


§534.  Miscellaneous  requirements. 

1.  Ceilings.  The  ceiling  under  each  gallary  shall  be  entirely  formed  of  fireproof 
materials.  The  ceiling  of  the  auditorium  shall  be  formed  of  fireproof  materials. 
(B.  G,  §109;  amended  by  ord.  effective  June  22,  1915.) 

2.  Ceiling  coverings •  None  of  the  walls  or  ceilings  shall  be  covered  with  wood 
sheathing,  canvas  or  any  combustible  material.  But  this  shall  not  exclude  the  use  of 
wood  wainscoting  to  a  height  not  to  exceed  6  feet,  which  shall  be  filled  in  solid  be¬ 
tween  the  wainscoting  and  the  wall  with  fireproof  materials.  (B.  G,  §109.) 

3.  Fronts  of  galleries.  The  fronts  of  each  gallery  shall  be  formed  of  fireproof 
materials,  except  the  capping,  which  may  be  made  of  wood.  (B.  G,  §109.) 

4.  Lathing.  All  lathing,  whenever  used,  shall  be  of  wire  or  other  metal.  (B.  G, 
§109.) 

5.  Shelving  and  cupboards.  All  shelving  and  cupboards  in  each  and  every 
dressing  room,  property  room  or  other  storage  rooms,  shall  be  constructed  of  metal, 
slate  or  some  fireproof  material.  (B.  G,  §109.) 

§535.  Storage  rooms;  workshops. 

No  workshop,  storage  or  general  property  room  shall  be  allowed  above  the  audi¬ 
torium  or  stage,  or  under  the  same  or  in  any  of  the  fly  galleries.  All  of  said  rooms  or 
shops  may  be  located  in  the  rear  or  at  the  side  of  the  stage,  but  in  such  cases  they 
shall  be  separated  from  the  stage  by  a  brick  wall,  and  the  openings  leading  into  said 
portions  shall  have  fireproof  doors  on  each  side  of  the  openings,  hung  to  iron  eyes 
built  into  the  wall.  (B.  G,  §109.) 

§536.  Use  and  occupancy. 

1.  Restrictions.  No  portion  of  any  building  hereafter  erected  or  altered,  used 
or  intended  to  be  used  for  theatrical  or  other  purposes  as  in  this  section  specified, 
shall  be  occupied  or  used  as  a  hotel,  boarding  or  lodging  house,  factory,  workshop  or 
manufactory,  or  for  storage  purposes,  except  as  may  be  hereafter  specially  provided 
for.  This  restriction  relates  not  only  to  that  portion  of  the  building  which  contains 
the  auditorium  and  the  stage,  but  applies  also  to  the  entire  structure  in  conjunction 
therewith.  No  store  or  room  contained  in  the  building  or  the  offices,  stores  or  apart¬ 
ments  adjoining,  as  aforesaid,  shall  be  let  or  used  for  carrying  on  any  business,  dealing 
in  articles  designated  as  specially  hazardous  in  the  classification  of  the  New  York 
Board  of  Fire  Underwriters,  or  for  manufacturing  purposes.  No  lodging  accommo¬ 
dations  shall  be  allowed  in  any  part  of  the  building  communicating  with  the  audi¬ 
torium.  When  located  on  a  corner  lot,  that  portion  of  the  premises  bordering  on  the 
side  street  and  not  required  for  the  uses  of  the  theatre  may,  if  such  portion  be  not 
more  than  25  feet  in  width,  be  used  for  offices,  stores  or  apartments,  provided  the 
walls  separating  this  portion  from  the  theatre  proper  are  carried  up  solidly  to  and 
through  the  roof,  and  that  a  fireproof  exit  is  provided  for  the  theatre  on  each  tier, 
equal  to  the  combined  width  of  exits  opening  on  opposite  sides  in  each-  tier,  com¬ 
municating  with  balconies  and  staircases  leading  to  the  street  in  manner  provided 
elsewhere  in  this  section;  said  exit  passages  shall  be  entirely  cut  off  by  brick  walls 
from  said  offices,  stores  or  apartments,  and  the  floors  and  ceilings  in  each  tier  shall 
be  fireproof.  (B.  G,  §109;  as  amended  by  ord.  effective  June  22,  1915.) 

2.  Above  theatre.  Nothing  herein  contained  shall  prevent  a  roof  garden,  art 
gallery  or  rooms  for  similar  purposes  being  placed  above  a  theatre  or  public  building, 
provided  the  floor  of  the  same,  forming  the  roof  over  such  theatre  or  building,  shall 
be  constructed  of  iron  or  steel  and  fireproof  materials,  and  that  said  floor  shall  have 
no  covering  boards  or  sleepers  of  wood,  but  shall  be  of  tile  or  cement.  Every  roof 
over  said  garden  or  rooms  shall  have  all  supprts  and  rafters  of  iron  or  steel,  and 
be  covered  with  glass  or  fire-proof  materials,  or  both,  but  no  such  roof  garden,  art 

133 


CHAP.  5,  ARTS.  25-27 ,  SECS.  537-561. 


gallery  or  room  for  any  public  purposes  shall  be  placed  over  or  above  that  portion  of 
any  theatre  or  other  building  which  is  used  as  a  stage.  (B.  G,  §109.) 

§537.  Jurisdiction  of  fire  commissioner. 

The  stand  pipes,  gas  pipes,  electric  wires,  hose,  foot  lights  and  all  apparatus  for 
the  extinguishing  of  fire  or  guarding  against  the  same,  as  in  this  article  specified,  shall 
be  in  charge  and  under  control  of  the  fire  department,  and  the  fire  commissioner  is 
hereby  directed  to  see  that  the  provisions  of  this  article  relating  thereto  are  carried 
out  and  enforced.  (B.  C,  §109.) 

§538.  Saving  clause. 

The  provisions  of  the  foregoing  article  shall  not  be  construed  to  mean  or  made 
to  apply  to  any  theatre,  opera  house  or  building  intended  to  be  used  for  theatrical 
or  operatic  purposes,  lawfully  erected  prior  to  June  3,  1904,  nor  to  any  public  dance 
hall  which  was  approved  by  the  Superintendent  of  Buildings  having  jurisdiction  and 
which  was  licensed  as  a  public  dance  hall  on  September  30,  1916.  (Amended  by 
crd.  appd.  November  16,  1916.) 


ARTICLE  26. 
Miscellaneous  Structures. 


Section  550. 

Exhibition  buildings.  (Repealed  by  ord.  effective  Nov.  23,  1915. 

551. 

Grain  elevators.  (Repealed  by  ord.  effective  Dec.  28,  1915.) 

552. 

Smokehouses.  (Repealed  by  ord.  effective  Nov.  23,  1915.) 

^ARTICLE  27. 

Elevators. 

Section  560. 

Definitions. 

561. 

Rules. 

562. 

Permits. 

563. 

Certificate. 

564. 

Record  of  passenger  elevators. 

565. 

Inspection. 

566. 

Riding  on  elevators  restricted. 

567. 

Operators. 

568. 

Accidents. 

§560.  Definitions. 

For  the  purposes  of  this  article,  the  term 

a — Elevator  shall  mean  any  device,  within  or  in  connection  with  a  building  or 
structure,  used  for  carrying  persons  or  things  upward  or  downward; 

b — Passenger  elevator  shall  mean  and  include  any  elevator  designed  and  used 
for  carrying  persons,  other  than  those  necessary  for  its  safe  operation  or  for  the 
handling  of  things  carried  by  it; 

c — Freight  elevator  shall  mean  and  include  any  elevator  designed  and  used  for  the 
carrying  of  things  and  of  such  persons  only  as  are  necessary  for  its  safe  operation  or 
the  handling  of  things  carried  by  it; 

a — Amusement  device  shall  mean  and  include  all  mechanically  operated  devices 
which  are  used  to  convey  persons  in  any  direction  as  a  form  of  amusement. 

§561.  Rules. 

The  superintendent  of  buildings  shall  make  rules  consistent  with  the  provisions 
of  this  article,  regulating,  with  a  view  to  safety,  the  construction,  maintenance  and 
operation  of  all  elevators  and  amusement  devices,  now  existing  or  hereafter  installed. 

♦Amended  by  ord.  adopted  Dec.  14,  1915,  effective  Mch.  14,  1916. 


134 


BUILDING  CODE. 


§562.  Permits. 

No  passenger  or  freight  elevator  shall  hereafter  be  installed  or  altered  in  any 
building,  nor  shall  any  amusement  device  be  hereafter  constructed  or  altered,  until 
the  owner  or  lessee,  or  the  agent,  architect  or  contractor  or  any  of  them,  shall  have 
submitted  to  the  superintendent  of  buildings,  in  such  form  as  the  superintendent  may 
prescribe,  an  application  accompanied  by  plans  and  drawings  showing  the  proposed 
construction  and  mode  of  operation,  and  such  application  has  been  approved  by  the 
superintendent  and  a  permit  has  been  issued  by  him.  Repairs  to  elevators  and  amuse¬ 
ment  devices  may  be  made  without  filing  such  application,  except  when  such  repairs 
include  a  change  in  the  type  of  elevator  or  of  its  motive  power,  or  when  any  change 
in  safety  devices  or  operating  mechanism  is  made. 

§563.  Certificate. 

Whenever  a  passenger  or  freight  elevator  or  an  amusement  device  is  hereafter 
installed  or  constructed,  it  shall  be  unlawful  for  the  owner  or  lessee  to  operate  or 
permit  the  operation  or  use  of  the  same  until  a  certificate  shall  have  been  obtained 
from  the  superintendent  of  buildings  that  such  elevator  or  amusement  device  has  been 
inspected  and  has  been  found  to  be  safe.  The  superintendent  of  buildings  shall, 
within  a  reasonable  time  after  being  requested  to  do  so,  inspect  or  cause  to  be, 
inspected  any  elevator  or  amusement  device  hereafter  installed  or  constructed,  and,  if 
the  same  is  found  to  be  safe  and  in  conformity  with  the  provisions  of  this  article  and 
the  rules  adopted  thereunder,  shall  issue  a  certificate  to  that  effect.  Nothing  herein 
contained  shall  prevent  the  temporary  use,  under  a  certificate  issued  by  the  superin¬ 
tendent  of  buildings,  of  any  elevator  during  construction,  provided  a  notice  is  con¬ 
spicuously  posted  on  or  in  connection  with  such  elevator  to  the  effect  that  such  ele¬ 
vator  has  not  been  officially  approved. 

§564.  Record  of  passenger  elevators. 

Every  passenger  elevator  shall  be  given  a  serial  number  for  purposes  of  identifica¬ 
tion.  In  the  case  of  elevators  hereafter  installed  such  serial  number  shall  be  assigned 
when  the  first  certificate  is  issued,  and  in  the  case  of  existing  elevators,  as  soon  as 
inspection  can  be  made  for  that  purpose.  A  docket  of  all  passenger  elevators  shall  be 
kept  in  each  borough,  giving  under  the  corresponding  serial  number  a  description  of 
its  location  sufficient  for  identification,  together  with  such  other  information  as  to  type 
of  construction,  motive  power,  rise,  rated  speed,  inspection,  etc.,  as  the  superintendent 
of  buildings  may  deem  desirable.  The  owner  or  lessee,  or  agent  of  either,  shall  cause 
such  number,  together  with  the  most  recent  certificate  of  inspection,  to  be  attached  or 
posted  in  the  elevator  car  in  the  manner  prescribed  by  the  rules. 

§565.  Inspection. 

The  superintendent  of  buildings  shall  cause  an  inspection  of  all  passenger  elevators 
to  be  made  at  least  once  in  every  3  months,  and  of  freight  elevators  and  amuse¬ 
ment  devices  at  least  twice  in  each  year.  Upon  notice  from  the  superintendent  of 
buildings,  or  his  duly  authorized  representative,  any  repairs  found  necessary  to  such 
elevators  or  amusement  devices  shall  be  made  without  delay  by  the  owner  or  lessee, 
and,  in  case  defects  are  found  to  exist,  which,  in  the  continued  use  of  such  elevator 
or  amusement  device,  are  dangerous  to  life  or  limb,  then  the  use  of  such  elevator  or 
amusement  device  shall  cease,  and  it  shall  not  again  be  used  until  a  certificate  shall  be 
first  obtained  from  said  superintendent  of  buildings  that  such  elevator  or  amusement 
device  has  been  made  safe  After  every  inspection,  which  shows  any  elevator  or 
amusement  device  to  be  safe  and  in  conformity  with  the  requirements  of  this  article 
and  the  rules  adopted  thereunder,  the  superintendent  of  buildings  shall  issue  a 
certificate  to  that  effect. 


135 


CHAP.  5,  ARTS.  27-28,  SECS.  566-580. 

§566.  Riding  on  elevators  restricted. 

It  shall  be  unlawful  for  any  person,  other  than  the  operator  or  those  necessary  to 
handle  freight,  to  ride  on,  or  for  the  owner  or  lessee  of  any  elevator  knowingly  to 
permit  any  person  to  ride  on,  any  elevator  other  than  a  passenger  elevator.  Every 
freight  elevator  shall  have  a  notice  posted  conspicuously  thereon  as  follows:  THIS 
IS  NOT  A  PASSENGER  ELEVATOR.  IT  IS  UNLAWFUL  FOR  ANY  PERSON, 
OTHER  THAN  THE  OPERATOR  OR  THOSE  NECESSARY  TO  HANDLE 
FREIGHT,  TO  RIDE  ON  THIS  ELEVATOR. 

§567.  Operators. 

Except  as  may  be  specifically  provided  in  any  other  law  or  ordinance,  every 
passenger  elevator,  except  full  automatic  push  button  elevators  and  escalators,  must 
be  in  charge  of  a  competent  operator  of  reliable  and  industrious  habits,  not  less  than 
18  years  of  age,  with  sufficient  previous  experience  in  running  an  elevator,  under  the 
instruction  of  a  competent  person.  No  operators  of  amusement  devices  known  as 
electrically  operated  scenic  railroads,  shall  be  employed  who  have  not  attained  the 
age  of  21  years  and  who  have  not  secured  a  certificate  of  competency  from  the 
superintendent  of  buildings.  In  case  the  superintendent  of  buildings  shall  find  that 
the  person  engaged  in  running  an  elevator  is  incompetent  or  not  qualified,  the  owner 
or  lessee  of  such  elevator  shall,  upon  notice  from  the  superintendent  of  buildings,  at 
once  discontinue  the  operation  of  such  elevator  by  such  operator.  No  person  shall 
employ  or  permit  any  person  to  operate  any  passenger  elevator  who  does  not  possess 
the  qualifications  prescribed  therefor  by  this  or  any  other  law  or  ordinance. 

§568.  Accidents. 

The  owner  or  lessee,  or  person  in  charge,  of  any  passenger  or  freight  elevator  or 
amusement  device  shall  immediately  notify  the  superintendent  of  buildings  of  each 
and  every  accident  to  a  person  or  damage  to  apparatus  on  about  or  in  connection  with 
such  elevator  or  amusement  device,  and  shall  afford  the  superintendent  of  buildings 
or  his  representative  every  facility  for  investigating  such  accident  or  damage.  The 
superintendent  of  buildings  shall  without  delay,  after  being  notified,  make  an  investi¬ 
gation,  and  shall  place  on  file  in  the  bureau  of  buildings  a  full  and  complete  report  of 
such  investigation.  Such  report  shall  give  in  detail  all  material  facts  and  information 
available  and  the  cause  or  causes  so  far  as  they  can  be  determined,  and  shall  be  open 
to  public  inspection  at  all  reasonable  hours.  When  an  accident  involves  the  failure 
or  destruction  of  any  part  of  the  construction  or  operating  mechanism  of  a  passenger 
elevator  or  amusement  device,  said  passenger  elevator  or  amusement  device  shall  not 
be  used  until  it  has  been  made  safe,  and  the  superintendent  of  buildings,  may,  if 
deemed  necessary,  order  the  discontinuance  of  the  same  until  a  certificate  has  been 
issued  by  him  for  its  use,  but  no  part  of  th&  damaged  construction  or  operating 
mechanism  shall  be  removed  from  the  premises  until  permission  to  do  so  has  been 
granted  by  the  superintendent  of  buildings  or  his  representative. 

^ARTICLE  28. 

Fire  Extinguishing  Appliances. 

Section  580.  General  provisions. 

581.  Standpipes. 

§580.  General  provisions. 

Except  as  otherwise  specifically  provided  in  this  article,  or  by  any  law  or  ordi¬ 
nance,  all  buildings  now  existing  or  hereafter  erected,  shall  be  provided  with  such 
tanks,  standpipes,  automatic  sprinklers,  hose  nozzles,  wrenches,  fire  extinguishers, 

*As  amended  by  ord.  adopted  Dec.  7,  1915,  effective  Mch.  7,  1916. 

136 


BUILDING  CODE. 


“hooks,  axes  and  such  other  appliances  as  may  be  required  by  and  conforming  to  the 
rules  of  the  fire  commissioner,  adopted  or  amended  in  the  manner  prescribed  by  this 
chapter  for  the  rules  of  the  superintendent  of  buildings. 

§581.  Standpipes. 

1.  When  required.  Standpipes,  constructed  and  installed  as  hereinafter  required, 
shall  be  provided  : 

a — In  every  building  now  existing  and  exceeding  85  feet  in  height,  which  is  not 
already  provided  with  a  3-inch  or  larger  standpipe ; 

b — In  every  building  hereafter  erected  or  altered  to  exceed  85  feet  in  height ; 

c — In  every  building  exceeding  10,000  square  feet  in  area. 

2.  Size.  Standpipes  hereafter  placed  in  any  building  shall  be  not  less  than  4 
inches  in  diameter  for  buildings  or  parts  thereof  not  exceeding  150  feet  in  height, 
not  less  than  6  inches  in  diameter  for  buildings  or  parts  thereof  exceeding  150  feet 
and  not  exceeding  250  feet  in  height,  and  not  less  than  8  inches  in  diameter  for  build¬ 
ings  or  parts  thereof  exceeding  250  feet  in  height. 

3.  Number  and  location.  The  number  of  standpipes  in  any  building  shall  be 
such  that  all  parts  of  each  story  are  within  the  reach  of  at  least  one  stream  supplied 
by  hose  not  exceeding  100  feet  in  length.  When  a  building  requiring  standpipes  faces 
on  more  than  one  street,  at  least  one  standpipe  shall  be  installed  for  each  street  front, 
provided  that  for  intersecting  street  fronts  one  standpipe  shall  be  sufficient  for  each 
intersection.  So  far  as  practicable  standpipes  shall  be  placed  within  stair  enclosures ; 
otherwise  they  shall  be  as  near  the  stairs  as  possible.  All  standpipes  shall  extend  from 
the  lowest  story  to  and  above  the  roof. 

4.  Construction.  All  standpipes  hereafter  installed  shall  be  constructed  as  pre¬ 
scribed  by  the  rules  of  the  fire  commissioner  and  shall  be  provided  with  such  outlets 
and  equipped  with  such  appliances  as  required  by  said  rules.  All  standpipes  shall 
extend  to  the  street  and  shall  be  provided  at  or  near  the  sidewalk  with  approved 
Siamese  connections.  When  there  is  more  than  one  standpipe  in  any  building  all 
shall  be  cross-connected  in  an  approved  manner  below  the  sidewalk  level. 


ARTICLE  29. 


Section  600. 
601. 
602. 

603. 

604. 


Plumbing  and  Other  Systems  of  Piping. 

Rules. 

Shut-off  valves. 

Tests  of  plumbing. 

Tests  of  gas-piping. 

Registration  of  plumbers. 


§600.  Rules. 

The  plumbing  and  drainage  systems,  water  supply  pipes,  gas-piping,  steam  or  hot 
water  heating  or  power  systems,  refrigerating  systems  and  other  systems  of  pipes  or 
apparatus  for  holding  or  conveying  gases,  vapors  or  fluids  hereafter  installed  and 
maintained  in  or  upon  any  building  in  the  city  shall  conform  to  such  rules  as  may 
be  provided  for  by  law  or  may  be  found  necessary  for  the  protection  of  life,  health 
or  property,  and  adopted  by  the  superintendent  of  buildings.  No  person  shall  use  or 
permit  the  use  of  any  such  system,  piping  or  apparatus  installed  or  maintained  in 
violation  of  any  of  the  provisions  of  this  article  or  the  rules  adopted  hereunder.  Said 
rules,  hereafter  adopted,  and  any  changes  thereof,  shall  be  published  in  the  City 
Record  on  8  successive  Mondays  before  they  shall  become  operative.  (B.  C.,  §141  ; 
amended  by  ord.  approved  Nov.  14,  1914.) 

Nothing  herein  contained  or  in  the  rules  adopted  hereunder  shall  require  the  alter¬ 
ation  or  reconstruction  of  any  existing  work  that  was  lawfully  installed,  nor  prevent 


137 


CHAP.  5 ,  ART.  29/ SECS.  601-604. 


repairs  or  the  addition  of  new  fixtures  to  existing  work  in  conformity  with  the  practice 
followed  in  the  original  installation ;  provided,  however,  that,  'when  such  repairs  involve 
the  removal  or  alteration  of  more  than  one-half  of  the  existing  work  affected  by 
the  repairs,  the  rules  in  force  at  the  time  of  such  repairs  shall  apply.  (B.  C.,  §141; 
amended  by  ord.  approved  Nov.  14,  1914.) 

§601.  Shut=off  valves. 

Every  building  hereafter  erected  and  also  every  existing  building,  other  than 
residence  buildings  occupied  exclusively  by  one  or  two  families  and  having  not  more 
than  15  sleeping  rooms,  which  may  be  supplied  from  some  outside  source  with  gas, 
vapor  or  fluid,  except  potable  waters,  shall  have  a  conveniently  accessible  stopcock 
or  other  suitable  device  fixed  to  the  supply  pipes  leading  into  the  building  at  a  place 
outside  of  the  building,  so  arranged  as  to  allow  the  supply  to  be  shut  off.  Such  stop¬ 
cock  or  other  device  shall  be  so  marked  as  to  indicate  either  the  contents  and  purpose 
of  the  supply  pipe  to  which  it  is  attached,  or  the  company  to  which  the  device  belongs. 
(Amended  by  ord.  effective  Feb.  20,  1917.) 

§602.  Tests  of  plumbing. 

No  person  shall  use  or  permit  the  use  of  any  new  system  of  plumbing  and  drainage 
hereafter  installed  in  any  building  before  the  same  has  been  tested,  under  the  super¬ 
vision  of  the  bureau  of  buildings  and  in  accordance  with  its  rules,  to  insure  the 
tightness  of  the  system,  nor  until  a  proper  and  adequate  water  supply  has  been  pro¬ 
vided.  The  superintendent  of  buildings  shall,  within  a  reasonable  time  after  being 
requested  to  do  so,  cause  to  be  inspected  and  tested  any  system  of  plumbing  and 
drainage  that  is  ready  for  such  inspection  and  test,  and,  if  the  work  is  found  satisfactory 
and  the  test  requirements  are  complied  with,  he  shall  issue  a  certificate  to  that  effect. 
Nothing  herein  contained  shall  prevent  the  inspection  and  test  of  the  part  of  a  system 
or  the  issuance  of  a  partial  certificate,  nor  prevent  the  use  of  such  part  of  a  larger 
system,  provided  that  such  part  constitutes  by  itself  a  complete  system  properly  tested 
and  supplied  with  water.  (B.  C.,  §141;  amended  by  ord.  approved  Nov.  14,  1914.) 

§603.  Tests  of  gas=piping. 

No  person  shall  use  or  permit  the  use  of  any  new  system  or  an  extension  of  an 
old  system  of  gas  piping  in  any  building  before  the  same  has  been  inspected  and  tested, 
under  the  supervision  of  the  bureau  of  buildings  and  in  accordance  with  its  rules,  to 
insure  the  tightness  of  the  system.  The  superintendent  of  buildings  shall,  within  a 
reasonable  time  after  being  requested  to  do  so,  cause  to  be  inspected  and  tested  any 
system  of  gas  piping  that  is  ready  for  such  inspection  and  test,  and,  if  the  work  is 
found  satisfactory  and  the  test  requirements  are  complied  with,  he  shall  issue  a 
certificate  to  that  effect.  Nothing  herein  contained  shall  prevent  the  use  of  existing 
systems  of  gas  piping  without  further  inspection  or  test,  unless  the  superintendent  of 
buildings  has  reason  to  believe  that  defects  exist  which  make  the  system  dangerous 
to  life  or  property.  (B.  C.,  §141;  amended  by  ord.  approved  Nov.  14,  1914.) 

§604.  Registration  of  plumbers. 

a.  Once  in  each  year  every  employing  or  master  plumber  carrying  on  his  trade, 
business  or  calling  in  the  city  shall  register  his  name  and  address  at  the  office  of  the 
bureau  of  buildings  in  the  borough  of  the  said  city  in  which  he  performs  work,  under 
such  rules  as  the  said  bureau  may  prescribe.  Such  registration  may  be  cancelled  by 
the  superintendent  of  buildings  for  a  violation  of  the  rules  and  regulations  for  plumbing 
or  drainage  of  such  city  duly  adopted,  or  in  force  pursuant  to  the  provisions  of  this 
article,  or  whenever  the  person  so  registered  ceases  to  hold  a  certificate  from  the 
examining  board  of  plumbers  or  to  be  actually  engaged  in  the  business  of  master  or 

138 


BUILDING  CODE. 


employing  plumber,  after  a  hearing  had  before  said  superintendent,  upon  prior  notice 
of  not  less  than  10  days. 

b.  No  person,  corporation  or  copartnership  shall  engage  in  or  carry  on  the  trade, 
business  or  calling  of  employing  or  master  plumber  in  the  city  unless  the  name  and 
address  of  such  person  and  the  president,  secretary  or  treasurer  of  the  corporation,  or 
of  each  and  every  member  of  the  copartnership  shall  have  been  registered  as  above 
provided. 

c.  It  shall  be  unlawful  for  any  person,  corporation  or  copartnership  in  the  city 
of  New  York,  unless  said  person,  corporation  or  copartnership  shall  have  complied 
with  the  requirements  of  this  section,  to  hold  him  or  themselves  out  to  the  public  as 
a  master  or  employing  plumber  by  the  use  of  the  word  “plumber”  or  “plumbing,”  or 
words  of  similar  import  or  meaning,  on  signs,  cards,  stationery  or  in  any  other  manner 
whatsoever. 

d.  It  shall  be  unlawful  for  any  person,  corporation  or  copartnership  in  the  city' 
of  New  York  to  engage  in  or  carry  on  the  trade,  business  or  calling  of  employing  or 
master  plumber,  unless  such  person,  corporation  or  copartnership  has  conspicuously 
posted  in  the  window  of  the  place  where  such  business  is  conducted,  a  metal  plate  or 
sign  appropriately  lettered  or  marked  “licensed  plumber,”  in  accordance  with  rules 
adopted  by  the  superintendent  of  buildings. 

e.  No  person,  corporation  or  copartnership  registered  as  provided  in  this  sectionr 
or  who  holds  a  certificate  from  the  examining  board  of  plumbers,  shall,  for  the  benefit 
of  any  person  engaged  in  the  plumbing  business  who  is  not  so  registered,  apply  for, 
receive  or  make  use  of,  any  permit  granted  to  him  by  reason  of  being  so  registered,  or 
holding  such  certificate  from  the  examining  board  of  plumbers.  (B.  C.  §141;  amended 
by  ords.  effective  Nov.  14,  1914,  and  July  7,  1916.) 


ARTICLE  30. 


Section  620. 
621. 
622. 

623. 

624. 


Altering,  Changing  or  Demolishing  Buildings. 

Alteration  of  brick  buildings.  (Repealed  by  ord.  effective  Nov. 
23,  1915.) 

Altering  use  of  frame  buildings.  (Repealed  by  ord.  effective  Nov. 
23,  1915.) 

Increasing  height  of  buildings.  (Repealed  by  ord.  effective  Nov. 
23,  1915.) 

Raising  or  lowering  to  grade. 

Demolishing  buildings.  (Repealed  by  ord.  effective  Dec.  28,  1915.) 


§623.  Raising  or  lowering  to  grade. 

If  any  building  shall  have  been  built  before  the  street  upon  which  it  is  located  is 
graded,  or  if  the  grade  is  altered,  such  building  may  be  raised  or  lowered  to  meet  the 
requirements  of  such  grade.  (B.  C.,  §142.) 


^ARTICLE  31. 


Section  630. 

631. 

632. 

633. 

634. 

635. 


Unsafe  Buildings  and  Collapsed  Structures. 

Removal  or  repair  of  buildings. 

Record  and  notice  of  unsafe  buildings. 

Voluntary  abatement. 

Disregard  of  notice ;  survey. 

Judicial  review  of  survey. 

Repair  or  removal  under  precept. 


*Amended  by  ord.  adopted  Dec.  7,  1915,  effective  Mch.  7,  1916. 


139 


CHAP.  5 ,  ART.  31,  SECS.  630-633. 


Section  636. 

637. 

638. 

639. 


Provision  for  expense  of  executing  precept. 
Return  of  precept;  reimbursement  of  city. 

Fallen  buildings ;  buildings  imminently  dangerous. 
Emergency  fund. 


§630.  Removal  or  repair  of  buildings. 

Any  building  or  part  of  a  building,  staging  or  other  structure  that,  from  any 
cause,  may  now  be  or  shall  at  any  time  hereafter  become  dangerous  or  unsafe,  shall 
be  taken  down  and  removed,  or  made  safe  and  secure. 

§631.  Record  and  notice  of  unsafe  building. 

Immediately  upon  receipt  of  a  report  by  any  officer  or  employee  of  the  bureau 
of  buildings  that  a  building  or  part  of  a  building,  staging  or  structure  is  unsafe  or 
dangerous,  the  superintendent  of  buildings  shall  cause  the  same  to  be  entered  upon 
a  docket  of  unsafe  buildings,  to  be  kept  in  his  bureau;  and  the  owner,  or  some  one 
of  the  owners,  executors,  administrators,  agents,  lessees  or  any  other  person  who 
may  have  a  vested  or  contingent  interest  in  the  same,  shall  be  served  with  a  printed 
or  written  notice  containing  a  description  of  the  premises  or  structure  deemed  unsafe 
or  dangerous,  a  statement  of  the  particulars  in  which  the  building  or  structure  is 
unsafe  or  dangerous,  and  an  order  requiring  the  same  to  be  made  safe  and  secure  or 
removed,  as  may  be  deemed  necessary  by  the  superintendent  of  buildings.  Such  notice 
shall  require  the  person  thus  served  immediately  to  certify  to  the  superintendent  his 
assent  or  refusal  to  secure  or  remove  the  same. 

§632.  Voluntary  abatement. 

If  the  person  served  with  a  notice  specified  in  §631,  shall  immediately  certify  his 
assent  to  the  securing  or  removal  of  said  unsafe  or  dangerous  building,  premises  or 
structure,  he  shall  be  allowed  24  hours,  after  the  service  of  such  notice,  within  which 
to  commence  the  securing  or  removal  of  the  same;  and  he  shall  employ  sufficient  labor 
and  assistance  to  secure  or  remove  the  same  as  expeditiously  as  can  be  done. 

§633.  Disregard  of  notice;  survey. 

1.  Notice  of  survey.  Upon  the  refusal  or  neglect  of  the  person  served  with  the 
notice,  for  which  provision  is  made  in  §§631  and  632  of  this  chapter,  to  comply  with 
any  of  the  requirements  thereof,  a  further  notice  shall  be  served  upon  him,  in  the 
manner  heretofore  prescribed,  notifying  him  that  a  survey  of  the  premises  named  in 
said  notice  will  be  made  at  the  time  and  place  therein  named,  which  time  shall  not  be 
less  than  24  hours  nor  more  than  3  days  from  the  time  of  the  service  of  said  notice,  by 
3  competent  persons,  of  whom  1  shall  be  the  superintendent  of  buildings  or  an  inspector 
designated  in  writing  by  said  superintendent,  another  shall  be  an  architect,  appointed 
either  by  the  New  York  Chapter  or  the  Brooklyn  Chapter  of  the  American  Institute 
of  Architects,  or  by  the  New  York  Society  of  Architects,  and  the  third  shall  be  a 
practical  builder,  engineer  or  architect  appointed  by  the  person  thus  notified.  In  case 
the  person  served  with  such  notice  shall  neglect  or  refuse  to  appoint  such  surveyor, 
the  other  2  surveyors  shall  make  the  survey,  and  in  case  of  a  disagreement  of  the 
latter,  shall  appoint  a  third  person  to  take  part  in  such  survey,  who  shall  also  be  a 
practical  builder,  engineer  or  architect  of  at  least  10  years’  practice  and  whose  decision 
shall  be  final.  The  notice  shall  also  set  forth  that,  in  case  the  premises  referred  to 
therein  shall  be  reported  unsafe  or  dangerous  under  such  survey,  the  said  report  will 
be  placed  before  the  Supreme  Court,  as  indicated  in  the  notice,  and  that  a  trial  upon 
the  allegations  and  statements  contained  in  said  report,  be  the  report  of  said  surveyors 
more  or  less  than  is  contained  in  the  said  notice  of  survey,  will  be  had  before  said 
court  at  a  time  and  place  therein  named,  to  determine  whether  said  unsafe  or  dangerous 
building  or  premises  shall  be  repaired  and  secured  or  taken  down  and  removed,  and 


140 


BUILDING  CODE. 


that  a  report  of  said  survey,  reduced  to  writing,  shall  constitute  the  issue  to  be  placed 
before  the  court  for  trial. 

2.  Posting  report  of  survey.  A  copy  of  the  report  of  the  survey  shall  be  posted 
on  the  building  the  subject  thereof  by  the  persons  holding  the  survey,  immediately  on 
their  signing  such  report. 

3.  Compensation  of  surveyor.  The  architect  appointed  by  the  Chapters  of  the 
American  Institute  of  Architects  or  the  New  York  Society  of  Architects,  as  herein¬ 
before  provided,  who  may  act  on  any  survey  called  in  accordance  with  the  provisions 
of  this  article,  and  the  third  surveyor  who  may  have  been  called  in  the  case  of  dis¬ 
agreement  provided  for  in  this  section,  shall  each  be  entitled  to  and  receive  the  sum 
of  $25.  to  be  paid  by  the  comptroller  upon  the  voucher  of  the  superintendent  of 
buildings.  A  cause  of  action  is  hereby  created,  for  the  benefit  of  the  city  against 
the  owner  of  said  building,  staging  or  structure,  and  of  the  lot  or  parcel  of  land  on 
which  the  same  is  situated,  for  the  amount  so  paid  with  interest.  The  amount  so 
collected  shall  be  paid  over  to  the  comptroller,  in  reimbursement  of  the  amount  paid 
by  him  as  aforesaid. 

§634.  Judicial  review  of  survey. 

1.  Institution  of  proceeding.  Whenever  the  report  of  any  such  survey,  had  as 
aforesaid,  shall  recite  that  the  building,  premises  or  structure  thus  surveyed  is  unsafe 
or  dangerous,  the  corporation  counsel  shall,  at  the  time  specified  in  the  notice,  place 
such  notice  and  report  before  the  justice  holding  a  special  term  of  the  court  named  in 
the  notice. 

2.  Precedence  of  proceeding.  The  determination  of  the  issue  in  an  unsafe 
building  proceeding  shall  have  precedence  over  every  other  business  of  such  court, 
and  a  trial  of  the  issue  shall  be  held  without  delay,  at  the  time  specified  in  the  notice, 
by  the  justice  holding  said  court  or  a  referee,  whose  decision  or  report  in  the  matter 
shall  be  final,  unless  a  jury  trial  is  demanded,  in  which  case  the  verdict  of  such  jury 
shall  be  final. 

3.  Postponement  of  trial.  If,  for  any  reason,  the  issue  shall  not  be  tried  at  the 
time  specified  in  said  notice,  or  to  which  the  trial  may  be  adjourned,  the  same  may 
be  brought  to  trial  at  any  time  thereafter  by  the  superintendent  of  buildings  without 
a  new  survey,  upon  not  less  than  3  days’  notice  of  trial  to  the  person  upon  whom  the 
original  notice  was  served,  or  to  his  attorney.  Such  notice  of  trial  may  be  served  in 
the  same  manner  as  said  original  notice. 

4.  Precept  to  abate.  Upon  the  rendition  of  a  verdict  or  decision  of  the  court 
or  referee,  if  the  said  verdict  or  decision  shall  find  the  said  building,  premises  or 
structure  to  be  unsafe  or  dangerous,  the  justice  trying  the  cause,  or  to  whom  the 
report  of  the  referee  trying  said  cause  shall  be  presented,  shall  immediately  issue  a 
precept  directed  to  the  superintendent  of  buildings,  reciting  said  verdict  or  decision, 
and  commanding  him  forthwith  to  repair  and  secure,  or  take  down  or  remove,  as  the 
case  may  be,  the  unsafe  or  dangerous  building  or  part  thereof,  staging,  structure  or 
other  premises  that  shall  have  been  named  in  the  said  report,  in  accordance  with  such 
verdict  or  decision. 

§635.  Repair  or  removal  under  precept. 

1.  Execution  of  precept.  Upon  receiving  a  precept  under  the  provisions  of  the 
preceding  section,  the  superintendent  of  buildings  referred  to  therein  shall  immediately 
proceed  to  execute  the  same,  as  therein  directed,  and  may  employ  such  labor  and 
assistance  and  furnish  such  materials  as  may  be  necessary  for  that  purpose,  provided, 
nevertheless,  that  immediately  upon  the  issuing  of  said  precept,  the  owner 
of  said  building  or  part  thereof,  staging  or  structure,  or  premises,  or  any  party 
interested  therein,  upon  application  to  the  superintendent  of  buildings,  shall,  upon 

141 


CHAP.  5,  ART.  31,  SECS.  636-638. 


the  payment  of  all  costs  and  expenses  incurred  up  to  that  time  by  the  city,  be  allowed 
to  perform  the  requirements  of  the  precept  at  his  own  proper  cost  and  expense,  if 
the  same  shall  be  done  immediately  and  in  accordance  with  the  requirements  of  said 
precept.  The  superintendent  of  buildings  shall  have  authority  to  modify  the  require¬ 
ments  of  any  precept  upon  application  to  him  therefor,  in  writing,  by  the  owner  of 
said  building  or  part  thereof,  staging  or  structure,  or  his  representative,  when  he 
shall  be  satisfied  that  such  change  shall  secure  equally  well  the  safety  of  said  build¬ 
ing,  or  part  thereof,  staging  or  structure. 

2.  Interference  prohibited.  It  shall  be  unlawful  for  any  person,  whether  inter¬ 
ested  or  not  in  the  property  affected,  to  interfere,  obstruct  or  hinder  the  superintendent 
of  buildings  or  his  representative,  or  any  person  who,  acting  under  the  authority  con¬ 
ferred  on  him  by  such  superintendent,  is  performing  the  work  directed  by  a  precept 
issued  out  of  any  court  as  in  this  article  provided,  or  ordered  by  the  superintendent 
in  accordance  with  such  precept  under  the  provisions  of  this  chapter. 

§£36.  Provision  for  expense  of  executing  precept. 

In  and  about  all  preliminary  proceedings,  as  well  as  the  carrying  into  effect  any 
order  of  the  court  or  any  precept  issued  by  any  court,  the  superintendent  of  build¬ 
ings  may  make  requisition  upon  the  comptroller  for  such  amount  of  money  as  shall 
be  necessary  to  meet  the  expenses  thereof ;  and,  upon  the  approval  of  the  statement 
of  expenses  thereof  by  any  justice  of  the  court  from  which  the  said  order  or  precept 
was  issued,  the  comptroller  shall  pay  the  same,  and  for  that  purpose  shall  borrow  and 
raise  upon  revenue  bonds,  issued  as  provided  by  law,  the  several  amounts  that  may 
from  time  to  time  be  required,  which  shall  be  reimbursed,  by  the  payment  of  the 
amount  and  interest  at  6  per  cent.,  out  of  any  judgment  obtained  as  hereinafter  pro¬ 
vided,  when  said  amount  and  interest  shall  have  been  collected. 

§637.  Return  of  precept;  reimbursement  of  city. 

Upon  compliance  with  any  precept  issued  to  him  in  an  unsafe  building  proceeding, 
the  superintendent  of  buildings  shall  make  return  thereof,  with  an  indorsement  of  the 
action  thereunder  and  the  cost  and  expenses  thereby  incurred,  to  the  justice  then 
holding  the  special  term  of  the  court  from  which  such  precept  issued,  and,  there¬ 
upon,  said  justice  shall  tax  and  adjust  the  amount  indorsed  upon  said  precept, 
and  shall  adjust  and  allow  the  disbursements  of  the  proceeding,  together  with 
the  preliminary  expenses  of  searches  and  surveys  thereof,  which  shall  be  inserted 
in  the  judgment  in  said  action  or  proceeding,  and  shall  render  judgment  for  such 
amount,  and  for  the  sale  of  the  said  premises  in  the  said  notice  named,  together 
with  all  the  right,  title  and  interest  that  the  person  named  in  the  said  notice  had 
in  the  lot,  ground  or  land  upon  which  the  said  building  or  structure  was  placed,  at 
the  time  of  the  filing  of  a  notice  of  lis  pendens  in  the  said  proceedings,  or  at  the 
time  of  the  entry  of  judgment  therein,  to  satisfy  the  same,  which  shall  be  in  the 
same  manner  and  with  like  effect  as  sales  under  judgment  in  foreclosure  of  mortgages. 
The  notice  of  lis  pendens  provided  for  in  this  section  shall  consist  of  a  copy  of 
said  notice  of  survey,  and  shall  be  filed  in  the  office  of  a  county  clerk  in  the  county 
where  the  property  affected  by  such  action,  suit  or  proceeding  is  located. 

§638.  Fallen  buildings;  buildings  imminently  dangerous. 

1.  Recovery  of  bodies  from  wrecked  building.  In  case  of  the  falling  of  any 
building  or  part  thereof  in  the  city,  where  persons  are  known  or  believed  to  be 
buried  under  the  ruins,  the  superintendent  of  buildings  shall  cause  an  examination 
of  the  premises  to  be  made  for  the  recovery  of  the  bodies  of  the  killed  and  injured. 
Whenever,  in  making  such  examination,  it  shall  be  necessary  to  remove  any  debris 
from  the  premises,  the  commissioners  of  the  departments  of  docks,  parks  and  street 
cleaning,  and  the  superintendent  of  the  appropriate  bureau  of  highways,  respectively, 


142 


BUILDING  CODE. 


when  called  upon  by  the  superintendent  of  buildings,  shall  co-operate,  with  said  super¬ 
intendent  in  carrying  out  the  purposes  of  this  section  and  shall  provide  suitable  and 
convenient  places  for  the  deposit  of  such  debris. 

2.  Temporary  safeguards  for  dangerous  buildings.  In  case  there  shall  be,  in  the 
opinion  of  the  superintendent  of  buildings,  actual  and  immediate  danger  of  the  falling 
of  any  building  or  part  thereof  so  as  to  endanger  life  or  property,  he  shall  cause  the 
necessary  work  to  be  done  to  render  said  building  or  part  thereof  temporarily  safe 
until  the  proper  proceedings  provided  for  unsafe  buildings  by  this  article  are  instituted. 

3.  Vacating  buildings ;  closing  streets  and  sidewalks.  The  superintendent  of 
buildings  is  hereby  authorized  and  empowered  in  such  cases,  and  also  where  any 
building  or  part  thereof  has  fallen  and  life  is  endangered  by  the  occupation  thereof, 
to  order  and  require  the  inmates  and  occupants  of  such  building  or  part  thereof  to 
vacate  the  same  forthwith,  and  the  superintendent  may,  when  necessary  for  the  public 
safety,  temporarily  close  sidewalks,  streets,  buildings,  structures  and  places  adjacent 
to  such  building  or  part  thereof,  and  prohibit  the  same  from  being  used.  The  police 
commissioner,  when  called  upon  by  the  superintendent  off  buildings  to  co-operate, 
shall  enforce  such  orders  or  requirements. 

4.  Laborers  and  materials.  For  the  purposes  of  this  section,  the  superintendent 
of  buildings  shall  employ  such  laborers  and  materials  as  may  be  necessary  to  perform 
said  work  as  speedily  as  possible. 

§639.  Emergency  fund. 

1.  Sources.  The  corporation  counsel  shall,  on  the  first  day  of  each  and  every 
month,  render  to  each  superintendent  of  buildings  an  account  of  and  pay  over  to  him 
the  amount  of  such  penalties  and  costs  received  by  him,  together  with  his  bill  for 
all  necessary  disbursements  incurred  or  paid  in  said  suits,  keeping  a  separate  account 
for  each  superintendent.  Each  superintendent  shall  pay  over  monthly  the  amount  of 
such  penalties  and  costs  so  collected  to  the  comptroller,  as  a  fund  for  the  use  and 
benefit  of  his  bureau. 

2.  Purposes.  The  fund  aforesaid  shall  be  used  for  the  purpose  of  paying 
expenses  incurred  by  the  several  superintendents  of  buildings  under  §638  of  this 
chapter,  and  also  for  the  purpose  of  carrying  into  effect  any  order  or  precept  issued 
by  any  court,  judge  or  justice  to  any  superintendent  of  buildings.  Upon  the  requi¬ 
sition  of  the  superintendent  having  jurisdiction,  the  comptroller  shall  pay  such  sums 
as  may  be  allowed  and  adjusted  by  any  court  of  record  for  such  purposes. 


^ARTICLE  32. 


Section  650. 

651. 

652. 

653. 

654. 

655. 


Enforcement  of  Chapter. 

Notices  of  requirements  or  of  violations. 
Emergency  measures. 

Judicial  remedies. 

Judicial  orders. 

Penalties. 

When  violation  is  a  misdemeanor. 


§650.  Notices  of  requirements  or  of  violations. 

1.  Issue.  All  notices  of  the  violation  of  any  of  the  provisions  of  this  chapter, 
and  all  notices  required  or  authorized  by  this  chapter,  directing  anything  to  be  done, 
including  notices  that  any  building,  structure,  premises,  or  any  part  thereof,  is  deemed 
to  be  unsafe  or  dangerous,  shall  be  issued  by  the  superintendent  of  buildings,  and 
shall  have  his  name  affixed  thereto. 

2.  Contents.  Each  such  notice  or  order,  in  addition  to  the  statement  of  require¬ 
ments,  shall  contain  a  description  of  the  building,  premises  or  property  affected. 

♦Amended  by  ord.  adopted  Nov.  16,  1915,  effective  Nov.  29,  1915. 


143 


CHAP.  5 ,  ART.  32,  SECS.  651,  652. 


3.  Personal  service.  All  such  notices,  and  any  notice  or  order  issued  by  any 
court  in  any  proceeding,  instituted  pursuant  to  this  chapter,  to  restrain  or  remove 
any  violation,  or  to  enforce  compliance  with  any  provision  or  requirement  of  this 
chapter,  may  be  served  by  delivering  to  and  leaving  a  copy  of  the  same  with  any 
person  violating,  or  who  may  be  liable  under  any  provisions  of  this  chapter,  or  wha 
may  be  designated  as  provided  in  subdivision  4  of  §653  of  this  article.  They  may 
be  served  by  any  officer  or  employee  of  the  bureau  of  buildings,  or  by  any  person 
authorized  by  the  said  bureau. 

4.  Notice  by  posting.  If  the  person  to  whom  such  order  or  notice  is  addressed 
cannot  be  found  within  the  city,  after  diligent  search  shall  have  been  made  for  him,, 
then  such  notice  or  order  may  be  served  by  posting  the  same  in  a  conspicuous  place 
upon  the  premises  where  such  violation  is  alleged  to  have  been  placed  or  to  exist, 
or  to  which  such  notice  or  order  may  refer,  or  which  may  be  deemed  unsafe  or 
dangerous,  and  also  depositing  a  copy  thereof  in  a  post-office  in  the  city,  inclosed  in 
a  sealed,  postpaid  wrapper  addressed  to  said  person  at  his  last  known  place  of  resi¬ 
dence,  which  shall  be  equivalent  to  a  personal  service  of  said  notice  or  order  upon 
all  parties  for  whom  such  search  shall  have  been  made,  whether  residents  or  non¬ 
residents  of  the  State  of  New  York. 

§651.  Emergency  measures. 

1.  Stopping  work ;  vacating  and  securing  building.  In  case  there  shall  be,  in 
the  opinion  of  the  superintendent  of  buildings,  danger  to  life  or  property  by  reason 
of  any  defective  or  illegal  work  in  violation  of  or  not  in  compliance  with  any  of  the 
provisions  or  requirements  of  this  chapter,  the  superintendent,  or  such  person  as  may 
be  designated  by  him,  shall  have  the  right  and  he  is  hereby  authorized  and  empowered 
to  order  all  further  work  to  be  stopped  in  and  about  said  building,  and  to  require  all 
persons  in  and  about  said  building  forthwith  to  vacate  the  same,  and  to  cause  such 
work  to  be  done  in  and  about  the  building  as,  in  his  judgment,  may  be  necessary  to 
remove  any  danger  therefrom. 

2.  Closing  street  temporarily.  The  superintendent  of  buildings  may,  when 
necessary  for  the  public  safety,  temporarily  close  the  sidewalks,  streets,  buildings,, 
structures  or  places  adjacent  to  said  building  or  part  thereof,  and  the  police  com¬ 
missioner  or  any  of  his  subordinates,  when  called  upon  by  the  said  superintendent 
of  buildings  to  co-operate,  shall  enforce  all  orders  or  requirements  made  under  this 
section. 

§652.  Judicial  remedies. 

1.  Action  or  proceeding,  generally.  Whenever  the  superintendent  of  buildings 
is  satisfied  that  any  building  or  structure,  or  any  portion  thereof,  or  any  drainage 
or  plumbing,  the  erection,  construction  or  alteration,  execution  or  repair  of  which  is 
regulated,  permitted  or  forbidden  by  this  chapter,  is  being  erected,  constructed,  altered 
or  repaired,  or  has  been  erected,  constructed,  altered  or  repaired,  in  violation  of,  or 
not  in  compliance  with,  any  of  the  provisions  or  requirements  of  this  chapter,  or  in 
violation  of  any  detailed  statements  of  specifications  or  plans  submitted  and  approved 
thereunder,  or  of  any  certificate  or  permit  issued  thereunder,  or  that  any  provision 
or  requirement  of  this  chapter,  or  any  order  or  direction  made  thereunder  has  not  been 
complied  with,  or  that  plans  and  specifications  for  plumbing  and  drainage  have  not 
been  submitted  or  filed  as  required  by  this  chapter,  the  superintendent  may,  in  his 
discretion,  through  the  corporation  counsel,  institute  any  appropriate  action  or  pro¬ 
ceeding  at  law  or  in  equity  to  restrain,  correct  or  remove  such  violation,  or  the  execu¬ 
tion  of  any  work  thereon,  or  to  restrain  or  correct  the  erection  or  alteration  of,  or 
to  require  the  removal  of,  or  to  prevent  the  occupation  or  use  of,  the  building  or 
structure  erected,  constructed,  or  altered,  in  violation  of,  or  not  in  compliance  with,. 


144 


BUILDING  CODE . 


any  of  the  provisions  of  this  chapter,  or  with  respect  to  which  the  requirements 
thereof,  or  of  any  order  or  direction  made  pursuant  to  any  provisions  contained 
therein,  shall  not  have  been  complied  with.  Any  person  who  shall  maintain  or  con¬ 
tinue  any  building  or  structure,  or  any  portion  thereof,  or  any  drainage  or  plumbing, 
in  violation  of  any  of  the  provisions  of  this  chapter,  after  having  been  duly  notified 
as  in  this  chapter  provided,  that  such  building  or  structure,  or  any  portion  thereof, 
or  that  such  drainage  or  plumbing  is  in  violation  of  any  provision  of  this  chapter, 
shall  be  subject  to  any  action  or  proceeding  and  any  penalty  that  is  provided  in  this 
article  for  the  commission  of  the  violation. 

2.  Corporation  counsel  to  act.  The  corporation  counsel  shall  institute  any  and 
all  actions  and  proceedings,  either  legal  or  equitable,  that  may  be  appropriate  or 
necessary  for  the  enforcement  of  the  provisions  of  this  chapter. 

3.  Courts  having  jurisdiction.  All  courts  of  civil  jurisdiction  in  the  city  shall 
have  cognizance  of  and  jurisdiction  over  any  and  all  suits  and  proceedings  author¬ 
ized  by  this  chapter  to  be  brought  for  the  recovery  of  any  penalty  or  the  enforce¬ 
ment  of  any  provision  of  this  chapter,  and  shall  give  preference  to  such  suits  and 
proceedings  over  all  others.  No  court  shall  lose  jurisdiction  of  any  action  hereunder 
by  reason  of  a  plea  that  the  title  to  real  estate  is  involved;  provided  the  object  of 
the  action  is  to  recover  a  penalty  for  the  violation  of  any  of  the  provisions  of  this 
chapter.  All  civil  courts  in  said  city  are  hereby  invested  with  full  legal  and  equitable 
jurisdiction  to  hear,  try  and  determine  all  such  actions  and  proceedings,  and  to  make 
appropriate  orders  and  render  judgment  therein  according  to  law,  so  as  to  give  force 
and  effect  to  the  provisions  of  this  chapter. 

4.  Restraining  order.  In  any  such  action  or  proceeding  the  city  may,  in  the 

discretion  of  the  superintendent  of  buildings  and  on  his  affidavit  setting  forth  the 
facts,  apply  to  any  court  of  record  in  said  city  or  to  a  judge  or  justice  thereof,  for 
an  order  enjoining  and  restraining  all  persons  from  doing,  or  causing  or  permitting 
to  be  done,  any  work  in  or  upon  such  building  or  structure,  or  in  or  upon  such  part 
thereof  as  may  be  designed  in  said  affidavit,  or  from  occupying  or  using  said  build¬ 
ing  or  structure,  or  such  portion  thereof  as  may  be  designated  in  said  affidavit,  for 
any  purpose  whatever,  until  the  hearing  and  determination  of  said  action  and  the 
entry  of  final  judgment  therein.  The  court,  or  judge  or  justice  thereof,  to  whom 
such  application  is  made,  is  hereby  authorized  forthwith  to  make  any  or  all  of  the 
orders  above  specified,  as  may  be  required  in  such  application,  with  or  without 
notice,  and  to  make  such  other  or  further  orders  or  directions  as  may  be  necessary 

to  render  the  same  effectual.  No  undertaking  shall  be  required  as  a  condition  to 

the  granting  or  issuing  of  such  injunction  order,  or  by  reason  thereof. 

5.  Judgment.  All  courts  in  which  any  action  or  proceeding  is  instituted  under 
this  chapter  shall,  upon  the  rendition  of  a  verdict,  report  of  a  referee,  or  decision 
of  a  judge  or  justice,  render  judgment  in  accordance  therewith. 

6.  Lien  of  judgment.  Any  judgment,  rendered  in  an  action  or  proceeding  insti¬ 
tuted  under  this  chapter,  shall  be  and  become  a  lien  upon  the  premises  named  in  the 
complaint  in  such  action,  to  date  from  the  time  of  filing  a  notice  of  lis  pendens  in 
the  county  clerk’s  office  of  the  county  wherein  the  property  affected  by  such  action, 
suit  or  proceeding,  is  located.  Every  such  lien  may  be  enforced  against  said  property, 
in  every  respect,  notwithstanding  the  same  may  be  transferred  subsequent  to  the 
filing  of  the  said  notice. 

7.  Lis  pendens.  The  notice  of  lis  pendens  referred  to  in  this  section  shall 

consist  of  a  copy  of  the  notice  issued  by  the  superintendent  of  buildings,  requir¬ 

ing  the  removal  of  the  violation,  and  a  notice  of  the  suit  or  proceedings  instituted, 
or  to  be  instituted  thereon.  Such  notice  of  lis  pendens  may  be  filed  at  any  time  after 
the  service  of  the  notice  issued  by  the  superintendent,  as  aforesaid;  provided  he  may 

145 


CHAP.  5 ,  ART.  32,  SEC.  653. 


deem  the  same  to  be  necessary,  or  is  satisfied  that  the  owner  of  the  property  is 
about  to  transfer  the  same  to  avoid  responsibility  for  having  violated  a  provision  of 
this  chapter.  Any  notice  of  lis  pendens,  filed  pursuant  to  the  provisions  of  this 
chapter,  may  be  vacated  and  cancelled  of  record  upon  ap  order  of  a  justice  of  the 
court  in  which  such  suit  or  proceeding  was  instituted  or  is  pending,  or  upon  the 
consent  in  writing  of  the  corporation  counsel.  The  clerk  of  the  county  where  the 
notice  is  filed,  is  hereby  directed  and  required  to  mark  any  such  notice  of  lis  pendens, 
and  any  record  or  docket  thereof,  as  vacated  and  cancelled  of  record,  upon  the  pres¬ 
entation  and  filing  of  a  certified  copy  of  an  order  or  of  the  consent,  as  aforesaid. 

8.  Costs.  In  no  case  shall  a  bureau  of  buildings,  or  any  officer  thereof,  of  the 
city,  be  liable  for  costs  in  any  action,  suit  or  proceeding  that  may  have  been,  or  may 
hereafter  be,  instituted  or  commenced  in  pursuance  of  this  chapter. 

9.  Officers  not  liable  for  damages.  No  officer  of  a  bureau  of  buildings,  acting 
in  good  faith  and  without  malice,  shall  be  liable  for  damages  by  reason  of  anything 
done  in  any  action  or  proceeding  instituted  under  any  provision  of  this  chapter,  or  by 
reason  of  any  act  or  omission  in  the  performance  of  his  official  duties. 

§653.  Judicial  orders. 

1.  To  comply  with  building  notices.  In  case  any  notice  or  direction  authorized 
to  be  issued  by  this  chapter  is  not  complied  with  within  the  time  designated  therein, 
the  city,  by  the  corporation  counsel,  may,  at  the  request  of  the  superintendent  of 
buildings,  apply  to  the  Supreme  Court,  at  a  special  term  thereof,  for  an  order  direct¬ 
ing  the  superintendent  to  proceed  to  make  the  alterations  or  remove  the  violation,  as 
the  same  may  be  specified  in  said  notice  or  direction. 

2.  To  vacate  for  violations.  Whenever  any  notice  or  direction,  so  authorized, 
shall  have  been  served  as  directed  in  this  article,  and  the  same  shall  not  have  been 
complied  with,  within  the  time  designated  therein,  the  corporation  counsel  shall, 
at  the  request  of  the  superintendent  of  buildings,  in  addition  to  or  in  lieu  of  any 
other  remedy  provided  for  by  this  chapter,  apply  to  the  Supreme  Court,  at  a  special 
term  thereof,  for  an  order  directing  the  superintendent  to  vacate  such  building  or 
premises,  or  so  much  thereof  as  he  may  deem  necessary,  and  prohibiting  the  same 
to  be  used  or  occupied,  for  any  purpose  specified  in  said  order,  until  such  notices  shall 
have  been  complied  with. 

3.  Responsibility  of  lessees  or  occupants.  In  case  any  of  the  notices  or  orders 
of  the  court  herein  mentioned  shall  be  served  upon  any  lessee  or  party  in  possession 
of  the  building  or  premises  therein  described,  it  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  person  upon 
whom  such  service  is  made  to  give  immediate  notice  to  the  owner  or  agent  of  the. 
building  or  premises  named  in  the  notice,  if  such  person  shall  be  within  the  limits 
of  the  city  and  his  residence  be  known  to  such  person,  and,  if  not  within  the  city, 
by  depositing  said  notice  in  any  post-office  in  the  city,  properly  inclosed  in  a  post¬ 
paid  wrapper  addressed  to  such  owner  or  agent  at  his  then  known  place  of  residence. 

4.  Designation  by  an  owner  of  a  building.  Any  owner  of  real  estate  or  of  a 
building  thereon,  may  execute  and  acknowledge  a  written  designation  of  a  resident 
of  said  city  as  a  person  upon  whom  may  be  served  any  notice  of  violation,  notice 
to  make  safe,  notice  of  survey,  summons,  mandate,  or  any  paper  or  process,  issued 
under  a  provision  of  this  chapter,  and  may  file  the  same,  with  the  written  consent 
of  the  person  so  designated,  duly  acknowledged,  in  the  office  of  the  superintendent 
of  buildings.  The  designation  must  specify  the  location  of  the  property,  with  respect 
to  which  the  designation  is  made,  the  residence  and  place  of  business  of  the  person 
making  it  and  of  the  person  designated.  It  shall  remain  in  force  during  the  period 
specified  therein,  if  any,  or  until  revoked  by  the  death  or  legal  incompetency  of 
either  of  the  parties,  or  by  the  filing  of  a  revocation  by  either  of  the  parties,  duly 
acknowledged  and  indorsed  with  ..the  consent  of  the  superintendent  of  buildings.  The 

14 6 


BUILDING  CODE. 


superintendent  of  buildings  shall  file  and  index  each  designation  and  shall  note,  upon 
the  original  designation  and  index,  the  filing  of  a  revocation.  While  the  designation 
remains  in  force,  as  prescribed  in  this  section,  a  notice  of  violation,  notice  to  make 
safe,  notice  of  survey,  summons,  mandate,  or  any  paper  or  process  under  the  pro¬ 
visions  of  this  chapter,  or  either  of  the  same,  shall  be  served  upon  the  person  so 
designated,  in  like  manner  and  with  like  effect  as  if  it  were  served  personally  upon 
the  person  making  the  designation,  notwithstanding  his  presence  in  the  city. 

5.  Reimbursement  of  city  for  expenses.  The  expenses  and  disbursements  in¬ 
curred  in  the  carrying  out  of  any  order  is^’ed  as  provided  in  subdivision  2  of  this 
section,  shall  become  a  lien  upon  the  building  or  premises  named  in  the  order,  from 
the  time  of  filing  of  a  copy  of  the  said  order,  with  a  notice  of  the  pendency  of  the 
action  or  proceeding  as  provided  in  this  chapter,  taken  thereunder,  in  the  office 
of  the  clerk  of  the  county  where  the  property  affected  by  such  action,  suit  or  pro¬ 
ceeding  is  located;  and  the  Supreme  Court,  to  whom  application  shall  be  made,  is 
hereby  authorized  and  directed  to  grant  any  of  the  orders  above  named,  and  to 
take  such  proceedings  as  shall  be  necessary  to  make  the  same  effectual,  and  any 
justice  to  whom  application  shall  be  made  is  hereby  authorized  and  directed  to  enforce 
such  lien  in  accordance  with  the  mechanics’  lien  laws  applicable  to  the  city. 

§654.  Penalties. 

1.  General.  Except  as  hereinafter  provided  with  respect  to  the  amount  of  the 
penalty,  the  owner  of  any  building,  structure  or  part  thereof,  or  wall,  or  any  platform, 
staging  or  flooring  to  be  used  for  standing  or  seating  purposes,  or  the  owner  of  the 
land  where  any  violation  of  this  chapter  shall  be  placed  or  shall  exist,  and  any 
architect,  builder,  plumber,  carpenter,  mason  or  other  person  who  may  be  employed 
or  assist  in  the  commission  of  any  such  violation,  and  any  and  all  persons  who  shall 
violate  any  of  the  provisions  of  this  chapter,  or  fail  to  comply  therewith  or  any  re¬ 
quirement  thereof,  or  who  shall  violate  or  fail  to  comply  with  any  detailed  order  or 
rule  made  thereunder,  or  who  shall  build  in  violation  of  any  detailed  statement  of 
specifications  or  plans,  submitted  and  approved  thereunder,  shall  severally,  for  each 
and  every  such  violation  and  non-compliance,  respectively,  forfeit  and  pay  a  penalty 
in  the  sum  of  not  less  than  $10  nor  more  than  $50. 

2.  Heating  plant  and  fire  prevention  violations.  Any  person  who  shall  violate 
any  of  the  provisions  of  this  chapter  as  to  the  construction  of  chimneys,  fireplaces, 
flues,  hot-air  pipes  and  furnaces,  or  who  shall  violate  any  of  the  provisions  thereof 
relating  to  the  framing  or  trimming  of  timbers,  girders,  beams,  or  other  woodwork 
in  proximity  to  chimney  flues  or  fireplaces,  shall  forfeit  and  pay  a  penalty  in  the 
sum  of  $100. 

2a.  Violations  of  the  provisions  for  the  registration  of  plumbers.  Any  person, 
corporation  or  copartnership  violating  any  of  the  provisions  of  §604  of  this  chapter, 
relating  to  the  registration  of  plumbers  shall  be  fined  for  such  offense  in  a  sum  not 
exceeding  $250,  or  by  imprisonment  not  exceeding  3  months,  or  by  both,  and  in  addi¬ 
tion,  shall  forfeit  any  certificate  of  registration  that  may  be  held  at  the  time  of  such 
conviction,  provided,  however,  that  when  such  violation  is  for  the  provision  relating 
to  the  posting  of  a  metal  plate,  no  penalty  for  imprisonment  shall  be  imposed,  and 
the  fine  shall  not  exceed  $50  for  the  first  offense,  but  not  less  than  $100  nor  more  than 
$500  for  a  subsequent  offense.  (Added  by  ord.  effective  July  7,  1916.) 

3.  Continuing  violation,  after  notice.  Any  person  who,  having  been  served  with  . 
a  notice,  as  in  this  chapter  prescribed,  to  remove  any  violation  or  to  comply  with  any 
requirement  of  this  chapter,  or  with  any  order  or  rule  made  thereunder,  shall  fail 
to  comply  with  said  notice  within  10  days  after  such  service,  or  shall  continue  to 
violate  any  requirement  of  this  chapter  in  the  respect  named  in  said  notice,  shall  pay 
a  penalty  of  not  less  than  $50  nor  more  than  $250. 

147 


CHAP.  5 ,  ART.  32,  SEC.  655. 


4.  Jurisdiction  of  penalty  actions.  For  the  recovery  of  any  such  penalty,  an 
action  may  be  brought  in  any  municipal  court  or  court  of  record  in  said  city,  in  the 
name  of  the  city;  and  whenever  any  judgment  shall  be  rendered  therefor,  the  same 
shall  be  collected  and  enforced,  as  prescribed  and  directed  by  the  Code  of  Civil  Pro¬ 
cedure  of  the  state  of  New  York. 

5.  Discontinuance  of  action  upon  removal  of  violation.  If  any  violation  shall 
be  removed  or  be  in  process  of  removal,  within  10  days  after  the  service  of  a  notice 
as  in  this  chapter  prescribed,  the  liability  of  such  penalty  shall  cease  and  the  cor¬ 
poration  counsel,  on  request  of  the  superintendent  of  buildings,  shall  discontinue  any 
action  pending  to  recover  the  same,  upon  such  removal  or  the  completion  thereof 
within  a  reasonable  time. 

6.  Remission  of  penalty.  The  superintendent  of  buildings,  through  the  corpora¬ 
tion  counsel,  is  hereby  authorized,  in  his  discretion  and  upon  good  and  sufficient 
cause  being  shown  therefor,  to  remit  any  penalty  which  any  person  may  have  incurred, 
or  may  hereafter  incur,  under  any  of  the  provisions  of  this  chapter;  but  no  such 
penalty  shall  be  remitted  until  the  violation  shall  have  been  removed.  The  superin¬ 
tendent  of  buildings  is  further  authorized,  in  his  discretion,  to  remit  any  costs  allowed 
or  obtained  in  any  penalty  suit  or  any  other  action  or  proceeding  instituted  under  the 
provisions  of  this  article. 

§655.  When  violation  is  a  misdemeanor. 

Any  person  who  shall  receive  and  fail  to  comply  with  any  written  peremptory 
order  of  the  superintendent  of  buildings,  issued  only  when  an  immediate  compliance 
with  such  order  is  essential  to  the  public  peace  or  safety,  within  the  time  specified  in 
such  order,  shall  be  guilty  of  a  misdemeanor. 


( 


148 


CHAPTER  6. 

CHARITIES. 

Article  1.  Inmates  of  public  institutions. 

ARTICLE  1. 

Inmates  of  Public  Institutions. 

Section  1.  Applications  for  admission;  investigation  of. 

2.  Classification  and  instruction. 

3.  Libraries. 

4.  Employment  and  discipline. 

§1.  Applications  for  admission;  investigation  of. 

The  commissioner  of  public  charities  shall  investigate  the  circumstances  of  every 
person  admitted  to  an  institution  under  his  charge,  and  of  the  near  relatives  of  such 
person.  Such  investigation  shall  be  made,  when  practicable,  before  the  admission  of 
the  person,  and  the  results  of  the  investigation  shall  be  placed  on  file  and  preserved 
with  the  records  of  the  department.  (Charter,  §663.) 

§2.  Classification  and  instruction. 

The  commissioner  shall  cause  all  the  inmates  of  institutions  under  his  charge  to 
be  classified,  at  the  time  of  their  admission  so  far  as  practicable,  upon  the  basis  of 
previous  character  and  conduct,  but  such  inmates  may  be  transferred  or  reclassified 
in  accordance  with  their  conduct  in  the  institution.  The  commissioner,  within  the 
limits  of  his  appropriation,  may  establish  and  maintain  in  the  public  institutions  under 
his  charge  such  schools  or  classes  for  the  instruction  and  training  of  inmates,  as  may 
in  his  opinion  be  desirable.  Teachers  employed  to  teach  the  physically  or  mentally 
defective  children  in  institutions  subject  to  the  supervision  of  said  commissioner 
shall  receive  the  same  rate  of  compensation  for  their  services  as  is  now  or  may  here¬ 
after  be  paid  to  teachers  of  similar  classes  in  the  public  schools  of  the  city.  (Charter, 
§663.) 

§3.  Libraries. 

The  commissioner  is  empowered  to  provide  in  the  several  institutions  within  his 
jurisdiction  sufficient  space  for  the  purposes  of  a  library  for  the  inmates.  He  is 
authorized  to  accept  contribution  of  books,  pamphlets  and  periodicals,  from  persons 
disposed  thus  to  aid  in  the  betterment  and  welfare  of  the  inmates  of  the  institutions 
of  the  department.  All  such  contributions  shall  be  recorded  and  catalogued ;  an 
account  shall  be  kept  thereof,  and  a  report  concerning  the  same  shall  be  made  at  least 
once  in  each  calendar  year.  (Ord.,  June  27,  1911.) 

§4.  Employment  and  discipline. 

1.  Employment.  Every  inmate  of  an  institution  of  the  department,  whose  age 
and  health  will  permit,  shall  be  employed  in  cultivating  the  ground  under  the  control 
of  the  commissioner,  or  in  manufacturing  such  articles  as  may  be  required  for  ordi¬ 
nary  use  in  the  public  institutions  under  his  control  or  for  the  use  of  any  other 
department  of  the  city,  or  in  preparing  and  building  sea  walls  upon  islands  or  other 
places  belonging  to  the  city,  or  in  such  mechanical  or  other  labor  as  shall  be  found 
upon  examination  to  suit  the  capacity  of  the  individual.  The  articles  raised  or  manu¬ 
factured  by  such  labor  shall  be  subject  to  the  order  of,  and  shall  be  placed  under 
the  control  of  the  commissioner,  and  all  such  articles  shall  be  utilized  so  far  as  prac¬ 
ticable  in  the  public  institutions  under  his  charge  or  of  some  other  department  of  the 
city.  All  the  land  under  the  jurisdiction  of  the  commissioner,  not  otherwise  occupied 


149 


CHAP.  6,  ART.  1 ,  SEC.  4. 


or  utilized,  and  which  is  capable  of  being  cultivated,  shall,  in  his  discretion,  be  used 
for  agricultural  purposes.  The  hours  of  labor  required  of  any  pauper  or  other  per¬ 
son  committed  to  or  placed  under  the  charge  of  the  commissioner  shall  be  fixed  by 
him.  (Charter,  §682.) 

2.  Discipline.  In  case  any  pauper  under  the  control  of  the  commissioner  shall 
neglect  or  refuse  to  perform  the  work  allotted  to  him  or  her,  or  shall  violate  the 
rules  and  regulations  of  the  institution  of  which  he  or  she  is  an  inmate,  the  super¬ 
intendent  of  the  institution  shall  report  such  insubordination  or  violation  to  the  com¬ 
missioner,  who  may  thereupon  direct  the  punishment  of  such  pauper  by  solitary  con¬ 
finement  and  by  being  fed  on  bread  and  water;  but  only  for  such  length  of  time  as 
the  commissioner  may  consider  necessary.  In  case  any  pauper  shall  neglect  to  per¬ 
form  the  work  assigned  to  him  or  her,  or  be  guilty  of  any  such  violation  on  3  or  more 
separate  occasions,  the  commissioner  may  cause  the  delinquent  to  be  brought  before 
the  proper  court  or  magistrate,  and  such  court  or  magistrate  may  commit  the  accused 
to  the  workhouse  or  penitentiary  as  a  disorderly  person.  (Charter,  §682.) 


150 


CHAPTER  7. 
CORRECTIONS. 

Article  1.  Inmates  of  correctional  institutions. 


ARTICLE  1. 


Section  1. 
2. 

3. 

4. 

5. 

6. 
7. 


Inmates  of  Correctional  Institutions. 

Classification  and  instruction. 

Libraries. 

Employment. 

Manufacturing  fund. 

Details  of  inmates  to  other  departments. 
Discipline. 

Records. 


§1.  Classification  and  instruction. 

The  commissioner  of  correction  shall  cause  all  the  criminals  and  misdemeanants 
under  his  charge  to  be  classified,  so  far  as  practicable,  so  that  the  youthful  and  less 
hardened  offenders  shall  not  be  rendered  more  depraved  by  the  association  with 
and  evil  example  of  older  and  more  hardened  offenders.  He  may  establish  and 
maintain  such  schools  or  classes  for  the  instruction  and  training  of  the  inmates 
of  the  institution  under  his  charge,  as  may  be  authorized  by  the  board  of  estimate 
and  apportionment.  And,  to  this  end,  the  commissioner  may  set  apart  one  or  more 
of  the  penal  institutions  for  the  custody  of  such  youthful  and  less  hardened  offenders, 
and  he  is  empowered,  in  his  discretion,  to  transfer  such  offenders  thereto  and  from 
any  other  of  the  penal  institutions  of  the  city  and,  when  so  transferred,  to  classify 
them  so  far  as  practicable  with  regard  to  age,  nature  of  offense,  or  other  fact,  and 
to  separate  or  group  such  offenders  according  to  such  classification,  so  far  as  prac¬ 
ticable.  (Charter,  §698.) 


§2.  Libraries. 

The  commissioner  is  empowered  to  set  aside  in  the  city  prison,  and  in  any  other 
place  in  which  persons  are  held  for  infractions  of  the  law  pending  determination  by 
a  court,  a  sufficient  space  for  the  purposes  of  installing  a  library  for  the  inmates. 
The  commissioner  is  authorized  to  accept  contributions  qf  books,  pamphlets  and 
periodicals  from  persons  who  may  be  disposed  thus  to  aid  in  the  betterment  and 
welfare  of  the  inmates  of  institutions  of  the  department.  All  such  contributions 
shall  be  recorded  and  catalogued ;  an  account  thereof  shall  be  kept  and  a  report 
concerning  the  same  shall  be  made  at  least  once  in  each  calendar  year.  (Ord.  of 
June  27,  1911.) 


§3.  Employment. 

Every  inmate  of  an  institution  under  the  charge  of  the  commissioner,  whose  age 
and  health  will  permit,  shall  be  employed  in  quarrying  or  cutting  stone,  or  in  culti¬ 
vating  land  under  the  control  of  the  commissioner,  or  in  manufacturing  such  articles 
as  may  be  required  for  ordinary  use  in  the  institutions  under  his  control,  or  for  the 
use  of  any  department  of  the  city,  or  in  preparing  and  building  sea  walls  upon 
islands  or  other  places  belonging  to  the  city,  upon  which  public  institutions  now 
are  or  may  hereafter  be  erected,  or  in  public  works  carried  on  by  any  department  of 
the  city,  or  at  such  mechanical  or  other  labor  as  shall  be  found,  upon  examination, 
to  be  suited  to  the  capacity  of  the  individual.  The  hours  of  labor  required  of.  any 
inmate  of  any  institution  shall  be  fixed  by  the  commissioner.  The  articles  raised 


151 


CHAP.  7,  ART.  1 ,  SECS.  4-6. 


or  manufactured  by  such  labor  shall  be  subject  to  the  order  of  and  shall  be  placed 
under  the  control  of  the  commissioner,  and  shall  be  utilized  in  the  institutions 
under  his  charge  or  in  some  other  department  of  the  city.  All  the  lands  under  the 
jurisdiction  of  the  commissioner,  not  otherwise  occupied  or  utilized  and  which  are 
capable  of  cultivation,  may  be  used  for  agricultural  purposes.  (Charter,  §§700-702.) 

§4.  Manufacturing  fund. 

In  accordance  with  subdivision  2  of  §23  of  article  2A  of  chapter  26  of  the  Laws 
of  1909,  as  amended  by  chapter  247  of  the  Laws  of  1913,  and  in  accordance  with  sub¬ 
division  19  of  §20  of  article  2A  of  the  same  law,  the  establishment  of  a  fund  to  be 
known  as  “Manufacturing  Fund,  Department  of  Correction,”  is  hereby  authorized 
and  the  comptroller  is  authorized  and  directed  to  place  in  such  fund  all  money 
received  or  realized  through  the  sale  of  articles  mahufactured  by  the  department.  He 
is  hereby  authorized  to  charge  against  such  fund  any  voucher  received  from  the 
department  for  the  purchase  of  raw  materials  to  be  used  in  its  manufacturing  in¬ 
dustries.  The  comptroller  is  hereby  further  authorized  and  directed  to  transfer  to 
the  general  fund  of  the  city,  at  the  end  of  each  calendar  year,  any  sums  remaining 
in  said  manufacturing  fund  in  excess  of  $50,000.  (Ord.  of  March  31,  1914.) 

§5.  Details  of  inmates  to  other  departments. 

At  the  request  of  any  of  the  heads  of  the  administrative  departments  of  the  city 
(who  are  hereby  empowered  to  make  such  request),  the  commissioner  may  detail  and 
designate  any  inmate  of  any  institution  in  his  charge  to  perform  work,  labor  and 
services  in  and  upon  the  grounds  and  building,  or  in  and  upon  any  public  work  or  im¬ 
provement  under  the  charge  of  such  other  department.  And  such  inmates,  when  so 
employed,  shall  at  all  times  be  under  the  personal  oversight  and  direction  of  a 
keeper  of  the  department  of  correction,  but  no  inmate  of  any  correctional  institution 
shall  be  employed  in  a  ward  of  any  hospital,  except  hospitals  in  penal  institutions, 
while  such  ward  is  being  used  for  hospital  purposes.  The  provisions  of  this  ordi¬ 
nance  or  of  any  law  requiring  advertisement  for  bids  or  proposals,  or  the  awarding 
of  contracts,  for  work  to  be  done  or  supplies  to  be  furnished  for  any  of  said  depart¬ 
ments,  shall  not  be  applicable  to  public  work  which  may  be  done,  or  to  the  supplies 
which  may  be  furnished  under  the  provisions  of  the  prison  law.  (Charter,  §701.) 

§6.  Discipline. 

In  case  any  person  confined  in  any  institution  of  the  department  shall  neglect  or 
refuse  to  perform  the  work  allotted  to  him  by  the  officer  in  charge  of  such  institu¬ 
tion,  or  shall  wilfully  violate  the  rules  and  regulations  established  by  the  commissioner, 
or  shall  resist  and  disobey  any  lawful  command,  or  in  case  any  such  person  shall  offer 
violence  to  any  prison  officer  or  to  any  other  prisoner,  or  shall  do  or  attempt  to  do 
any  injury  to  such  institution  or  the  appurtenances  thereof  or  any  property  therein,  or 
shall  attempt  to  escape,  or  shall  combine  with  any  one  or  more  persons  for  any  of 
the  aforesaid  purposes,  the  officers  of  such  institution  shall  use  all  suitable  means 
to  defend  themselves,  to  enforce  discipline,  to  secure  the  persons  of  the  offenders 
and  to  prevent  any  such  attempt  to  escape,  and  the  officer  in  charge  of  such  institu¬ 
tion  in  which  such  person  is  confined  shall  punish  him  by  solitary  confinement,  and 
by  being  fed  on  bread  and  water  only,  for  such  length  of  time  as  may  be  considered 
necessary;  but  no  other  form  of  punishment  shall  be  imposed,  and  no  officer  of  any 
such  institution  shall  inflict  any  blows  whatever  upon  any  prisoner,  except  in  self- 
defense  or  to  suppress  a  revolt  or  insurrection.  In  every  case  the  officer  imposing 
«uch  punishment  shall  forthwith  report  the  same  to  the  commissioner  and  notify  the 
surgeon  of  the  institution.  Such  surgeon  shall  visit  the  person  so  confined  and  examine 


152 


CORRECTIONS. 


daily  into  the  state  of  his  health  until  he  shall  be  released  from  solitary  confinement 
and  return  to  labor.  The  surgeon  shall  report  to  the  commissioner  and  to  the  officer 
in  charge  of  such  institution  whenever,  in  his  judgment,  the  health  of  the  prisoner 
shall  require  his  release.  (Charter,  §702.) 

§7.  Records. 

The  commissioner  shall  keep  and  preserve  a  proper  record  of  all  persons  who 
shall  come  under  his  care  or  custody,  and  of  the  disposition  of  each  such  person,  with 
full  particulars  as  to  the  name,  age,  sex,  color,  nativity  and  religious  faith  of  each, 
together  with  a  statement  of  the  cause  and  length  of  detention  of  each  such  person. 
(Charter,  §699.) 


153 


CHAPTER  8. 

DOCKS,  FERRIES  AND  HARBOR  CONTROL. 


Article  1. 
2. 

3. 

4. 

5. 

6. 

7. 

8. 


General  provisions. 

Apportionment  of  wharf  property. 

Buildings  and  structures  on  waterfront  property. 
Maintenance  of  wharf  property. 

Discharge  and  storage  of  cargoes. 

Wharfage  rates. 

Ferries. 

Protection  of  navigation. 


ARTICLE  1. 

General  Provisions. 

Section  1.  Definitions. 

§1.  Definitions. 

Wherever  used  in  this  chapter,  the  following  terms  shall  respectively  be  deemed 
to  mean : 

1.  Canal  boat,  a  vessel  built  for  navigating  the  canals  of  the  state,  measuring  not 
more  than  98  feet  in  length  nor  more  than  18  feet  in  width  and  whose  registered  net 
tonnage  does  not  exceed  150  tons;  (Rules  of  department.) 

2.  Day,  24  consecutive  hours  from  the  time  of  day  or  night  when  a  vessel  is 
berthed  at  a  pier  or  slip.  (Charter,  §861.) 


ARTICLE  2. 


Section  10. 
11. 
12. 

13. 

14. 

15. 

16. 

17. 

18. 


Apportionment  of  Wharf  Property. 

City  purposes. 

Floating  baths. 

Recreation  piers. 

Canal  boats. 

Docks  for  garden  produce. 

Oyster  and  other  shell-fish  traffic. 

Powers  of  dock  masters;  penalty  for  refusing  to  obey  their  direc¬ 
tions. 

Intrusion  of  other  vessels  into  canal  boat  territory. 

Disobedience  of  orders  of  commissioner. 


§10.  City  purposes. 

The  commissioner  of  docks  shall  designate  and  set  apart  suitable  and  sufficient 
wharves,  piers,  bulkheads,  slips  and  berths  in  slips  for  the  use  of  the  several  depart¬ 
ments  of  the  city.  (Charter,  §836.) 


§11.  Floating  baths. 

The  commissioner  shall,  upon  the  requisition  of  the  respective  borough  presidents, 
furnish  free  of  charge,  in  the  vicinity  of  such  locations  as  shall  be  designated  by  them, 
accessible,  convenient  and  safe  berths  for  mooring  free  floating  baths.  (Charter, 
§834.) 

§12.  Recreation  piers. 

The  commissioner  is  hereby  authorized  to  set  apart,  from  time  to  time,  such  piers 
as  he  shall  deem  necessary  for  the  purpose  of  public  recreation  and  for  the  con- 

T54 


DOCKS ,  FERRIES  AND  HARBOR  CONTROL. 


venience  of  dealers  in  country  produce  and  other  merchandise  transported  to  the  city 
for  sale.  He  is  hereby  authorized  to  construct  or  rebuild  the  piers  set  apart  under  the 
provisions  of  this  section,  in  such  manner  as  shall  provide  a  deck  or  upper  story 
thereon  and  the  necessary  approaches  thereto,  which  shall  be  wholly  free  to  the  public 
for  recreational  purposes  without  the  interference  of  business  occupations.  The  lower 
deck  or  street  level  floor  of  each  such  pier  shall  be  reserved  for  the  use  of  boats  and 
vessels  plying  upon  the  canals  and  the  tidal  waters  of  the  state  and  bringing  merchan¬ 
dise  to  the  city  for  sale  therein.  The  berthing  of  boats  at  such  piers  shall  be 
under  the  control  of  the  commissioner,  but  order  shall  be  maintained  by  the  police 
department  in  and  around  the  portions  thereof  set  apart  for  recreational  purposes. 
Except  as  herein  provided,  no  wharf  property  shall  be  required  to  be  so  constructed 
as  to  admit  of  its  free  use,  in  whole  or  in  part,  for  the  purposes  of  public  resort  and 
recreation.  (Charter,  §837.") 

§13.  Canal  boats. 

All  the  waterfront  property  commencing  at  the  easterly  side  of  pier  new  No.  4  to 
and  including  the  easterly  side  of  pier  new  No.  7,  East  river,  and  all  the  part  of  the 
waterfront  from  and  including  the  north  side  of  the  pier  at  the  foot  of  west  51st 
street  to  and  including  the  southerly  side  of  the  pier  at  the  foot  of  west  54th  street, 
North  river,  shall,  from  the  20th  day  of  March  to  the  31st  day  of  of  December  in 
each  year,  be  set  apart,  kept  and  reserved  for  the  exclusive  use  and  accommoda¬ 
tion  of  canal  boats  and  barges  engaged  in  transporting  property  on  the  Hudson 
river,  or  coming  to  tide  water  from  the  canals  of  the  state,  and  for  the  use  of  lighters 
engaged  in  loading  or  unloading  such  boats  or  barges ;  and  the  commissioner  or 
other  officers  aforesaid  shall  assign  such  other  accommodations  for  canal  boats  and 
barges  in  other  parts  of  the  port  of  New  York  as  may,  from  time  to  time,  be  necessary 
in  receiving  or  discharging  their  cargoes.  The  waterfront  property  within  the  limits 
hereinbefore  specified  shall  not  be  leased,  but  shall  be  reserved  by  the  city  for  the 
use  and  purposes  prescribed  in  this  section.  During  the  time  specified  and  when  the 
slips  and  wharves  connected  therewith  shall  be  required  for  the  use  of  canal  boats 
and  barges,  the  commissioner,  and  all  officers  who  now  are  or  hereafter  shall  be 
empowered  by  law  or  ordinance  to  regulate  or  station  ships  and  vessels  in  the  port  of 
New  York,  shall  prohibit  and  prevent  all  other  boats,  ships  or  vessels  from  entering 
any  of  the  slips,  or  approaching  or  laying  at  any  of  the  wharves  within  the  districts 
aforesaid.  (Charter,  §§854,  854a,  865.) 

§14.  Docks  for  garden  produce. 

All  waterfront  property  on  the  Hudson  river,  from  Gansevoort  to  Little  West 
12th  street,  shall  be  set  apart  by  the  commissioner  for  the  use  of  boats,  barges  and 
other  vessels  engaged  in  the  business  of  transporting  farm  and  garden  produce,  at 
such  rates  of  wharfage  as  have  been  or  may  be  lawfully  established,  and  the  com¬ 
missioner  may,  from  time  to  time,  when  any  of  such  waterfront  property  is  not  in 
actual  use  for  the  purposes  above  mentioned,  designate  and  appropriate  the  same 
for  any  public  or  general  use;  provided  such  designation  or  appropriation  shall  be 
subject  at  any  time  to  revocation  by  the  commissioner.  (Charter,  §858.) 

§15.  Oyster  and  other  shell=fish  traffic. 

The  commissioner  may  grant  permits  for  vessels  or  floating  structures,  engaged 
in  the  oyster  business  and  used  for  the  receipt,  preparation  and  opening  of  oysters  and 
other  shell  fish,  to  remain  continuously  moored  to  or  at  any  waterfront  property,  not 
otherwise  specifically  appropriated  by  law  or  ordinance  to  the  sole  use  of  other  kinds 
of  commerce,  upon  such  terms  as  to  wharfage  and  otherwise,  and  subject  to  such 
regulations  as  the  commissioner  may  prescribe.  All  permits  so  granted  by  the  corn- 

155 


CHAP.  8,  ART.  2,  SECS.  16-18. 


missioner  shall  be  subject  at  any  time  to  revocation  by  him.  Upon  any  such  permit 
being  granted,  the  person  receiving  the  same,  shall  be  entitled  to  moor  such  vessel  or 
floating  structures,  continuously  and  until  the  permit  shall  be  revoked,  to  or  at  the 
dock,  pier  or  bulkhead  designated  therein,  subject  to  the  terms  of  such  permit;  pro¬ 
vided,  however,  that,  where  the  city  is  not  the  owner  of  the  dock,  pier  or  bulkhead 
designated  in  such  permit,  the  consent  of  the  owner  of  the  same,  or  of  the  person  or 
persons  entitled  to  collect  wharfage  therefrom,  shall  have  been  obtained.  (Charter, 
§860.) 

§16.  Powers  of  dock  masters;  penalty  for  refusing  to  obey  their  directions. 

Each  dock  master  shall  have  power,  within  the  district  assigned  to  him,  subject  to 
the  provisions  of  this  code  or  of  any  statute: 

1.  To  provide  and  assign  suitable  accommodations  for  all  ships  and  vessels,  and 
regulate  them  in  the  stations  they  are  to  occupy  at  waterfront  property; 

2.  To  remove  from  time  to  time  such  vessels  as  are  not  employed  in  receiving 
or  discharging  cargoes,  to  make  room  for  such  others  as  require  to  be  more  im¬ 
mediately  accommodated  for  the  purpose  of  receiving  or  discharging  cargoes ; 

3.  To  determine  as  to  the  fact  of  such  vessels  being,  fairly  and  in  good  faith, 
employed  in  receiving  and  discharging  cargoes ; 

4.  To  determine  how  far  and  in  what  instance  the  master  and  others  having 
charge  of  ships  and  vessels  shall  accommodate  each  other  in  their  respective  situ¬ 
ations. 

Any  master  or  other  person,  having  charge  of  any  vessel,  canal  boat,  barge  or 
lighter,  who  shall  refuse  or  neglect  to  move  the  same  when  ordered  to  do  so  by  a  dock 
master,  or  who  shall  resist  or  forcibly  oppose  said  officer  in  the  discharge  of  his 
duties,  shall,  for  every  such  offense,  forfeit  and  pay  the  sum  of  $50,  to  be  recovered 
with  costs  of  suit,  by  and  in  the  name  of  the  department  of  docks  and  ferries.  (Charter, 
§867.) 

§17.  Intrusion  of  other  vessels  into  canal  boat  territory. 

Whenever  any  portion  of  the  waterfront  property  mentioned  in  §13  of  this  chapter 
shall  be  occupied  by  any  ship  or  vessel,  not  entitled  to  occupy  the  same  according 
to  the  provisions  of  that  section,  and  the  proprietor  or  person  in  charge  of  any  canal 
boat  or  barge  specified  in  said  section,  shall  desire  to  use  the  berth  or  slip  occupied  by 
such  ship  or  vessel,  the  commissioner,  upon  the  request  of  the  proprietor,  consignee 
or  person  in  charge  of  said  canal  boat  or  barge,  shall  forthwith  remove  such  ship  or 
vessel,  as  far  as  may  be  necessary  to  accommodate  the  canal  boat  or  barge.  If  the 
commissioner,  upon  such  request,  shall  neglect  or  refuse  to  comply  with  the  same  he 
shall,  for  each  such  neglect  or  refusal,  forfeit  and  pay  to  the  proprietor  of  the  canal 
boat  or  barge,  the  sum  of  $50,  to  be  sued  for  and  recovered  by  and  in  the  name  of 
such  proprietor,  for  his  use  and  benefit,  in  any  court  of  competent  jurisdiction. 
(Charter,  §856.) 

§18.  Disobedience  of  orders  of  commissioner. 

Any  person,  in  command  or  in  charge  of  any  vessel,  who  shall  neglect  or  refuse 
to  comply  with  any  lawful  order  or  direction  of  the  commissioner  in  reference  to  the 
removal  of  any  vessel,  or  who  shall  resist  or  obstruct  the  removal  of  the  same,  shall, 
upon  conviction  thereof,  be  punished  by  a  fine  of  not  more  than  $100,  or  by  imprison¬ 
ment  not  exceeding  10  days,  or  by  both  such  fine  and  imprisonment.  (Charter 
§857.) 


156 


DOCKS ,  FERRIES  AND  HARBOR  CONTROL. 


ARTICLE  3. 


Buildings  and  Structures  on  Waterfront  Property. 


Section  30. 

31. 

32. 

33. 

34. 

35. 


Improvement  of  water-front  property;  permit  required. 
Sheds  on  piers. 

Platforms  for  fish  trade. 

Opening  asphalt  pavement  on  water-front  property. 
Floating  docks. 

Violations. 


§30.  Improvement  of  water=front  property;  permit  required. 

No  shed,  building,  office,  tally-house,  booth,  platform  or  stand  shall  be  erected,  nor 
shall  any  derrick,  hoisting-mast,  coal-hopper,  sign  or  advertising  device,  or  obstruction 
of  any  kind  be  placed  or  maintained  on  any  water-front  property,  and  no  piles  shall  be 
driven,  nor  shall  any  filling-in  or  construction,  repairs,  alterations,  removals,  dredg¬ 
ing  or  demolitions  of  any  kind  be  made,  on  any  part  of  the  water-front  of  the  city, 
without  a  written  permit  therefor  being  first  had  and  obtained  from  the  commissioner. 
(Dept,  rules  2,  1.) 

§31.  Sheds  on  piers. 

Whenever  any  person  shall  be  owner  or  lessee  of  any  pier  or  bulkhead,  and  shall 
use  and  employ  the  same  for  the  purpose  of  regularly  receiving  and  discharging  cargo 
thereat,  such  owner  or  such  lessee,  with  the  consent  of  the  lessor,  may  erect  and 
maintain,  upon  such  pier  or  bulkhead,  sheds  for  the  protection  of  property  so  received 
or  discharged;  provided  they  shall  have  obtained  from  the  commissioner  a  permit  or 
license  to  erect  or  maintain  the  same,  subject  to  the  conditions  and  restrictions  con¬ 
tained  in  such  permit  or  license ;  but,  when  such  permit  or  license  has  been  granted 
and  has  been  acted  upon,  it  shall  not  be  revoked  by  the  commissioner  without  the  con¬ 
sent  in  writing  of  the  mayor  and  of  the  commissioners  of  the  sinking  fund,  after  due 
hearing  of  such  licensee.  All  sheds  or  structures  erected  or  maintained  upon  any 
wharf  or  pier  under  any  permit  or  license  heretofore  granted  by  the  department,  or 
hereafter  erected  or  maintained  upon  any  wharf  or  pier  under  any  permit  or  license 
granted  by  the  commissioner,  are  declared  to  be  lawful  structures,  subject  to  the  terms 
and  conditions  of  the  permit  or  license  authorizing  the  same.  Hereafter,  such  sheds 
shall  be  constructed  subject  to  the  regulations  and  under  the  authority  of  the  com¬ 
missioner.  Any  owner  or  lessee  of  a  pier,  or  of  a  pier  or  bulkhead,  or  a  part  thereof, 
in  respect  of  which  the  commissioner  shall  have  granted  such  a  permit  or  license, 
shall  be  entitled  to  the  use  of  the  premises  so  owned  or  leased  by  them  and  no  vessel 
shall  be  placed  in  any  berth  on  such  pier,  or  bulkhead,  or  part  thereof,  without  the 
consent  of  such  owner  or  lessee,  during  the  continuance  of  his  permit  or  license.  The 
commissioner  shall  have  power  to  build  sheds  or  structures  on  any  wharf  or  bulkhead 
belonging  to  the  city,  with  full  authority  to  lease  the  same;  and  any  lessee  thereof 
shall  have  all  the  rights  and  privileges  above  granted.  (Charter,  §844.) 

§32.  Platforms  for  fish  trade. 

The  lessee  of  any  waterfront  property,  to  whom  a  lease  has  been  or  may  here¬ 
after  be  granted  for  the  use  of  the  wholesale  fish  trade,  may  erect  and  maintain 
thereon,  during  the  terms  of  any  such  lease  or  any  renewal  thereof,  such  platforms, 
sheds,  stands  or  other  structures  suitable  to  the  business  of  the  wholesale  fish  trade 
as  may  be  approved  by  the  commissioner.  (Charter,  §871.) 

§33.  Opening  asphalt  pavement  on  water=front  property. 

1.  Applications.  Applications  to  open  asphalt  pavement  under  the  control  of  the 
department  must  be  made  to  the  commissioner.  They  shall  be  accompanied  by  an 

157 


CHAP.  8,  ART.  3 ,  SEC.  34. 


agreement  from  the  company  which  has  the  contract  for  the  maintenance  of  the 
pavement,  if  any,  to  relay  it  at  the  expense  of  the  permittee. 

2.  Bond.  The  permittee  shall  give  a  bond,  if  required  by  the  commissioner,  to 
be  approved  by  the  commissioner  and  conditioned  to  indemnify  and  save  harmless 
the  city,  its  officers,  agents  and  servants,  against  and  from  all  damages,  cost  and  ex¬ 
pense  which  they  may.  suffer  or  to  which  they  may  be  put,  by  reason  of  injury  to  the 
person  or  property  of  another,  resulting  from  carelessness  or  negligence  on  the  part 
of  the  permittee  and  his  agents. 

3.  Conduct  of  work.  Work  under  the  permit  shall  be  commenced  within  10 
days  after  the  date  of  issue,  and  the  permit  shall  be  void  at  the  end  of  that  time,  un¬ 
less  reissued.  The  permit  shall  be  left  during  the  whole  time  of  construction  in  charge 
of  the  foreman  at  the  work.  The  department  of  health  shall  be  notified  by  the  per¬ 
mittee  of  the  time  and  place  of  making  the  excavation,  in  order  that  the  premises 
may  be  disinfected.  All  work  under  such  permit  shall  be  wholly  at  the  expense  of 
the  permittee  and  shall  be  so  conducted  as  to  cause  the  least  possible  inconvenience 
to  public  travel,  residents  and  private  business.  It  shall  be  done  so  as  not  to  interfere 
with  the  telegraph,  telephone,  electric  light  and  other  subways,  water  mains  or  service 
connections,  gas  or  other  pipes,  nor  with  sewers  or  house  connections.  All  rock 
within  5  feet  of  a  water  or  gas  pipe  or  main  shall  be  removed  without  blasting.  All 
snow  and  ice  upon  the  pavements,  within  5  feet  upon  either  side  of  the  opening  shall 
be  removed  within  24  hours  after  it  falls  or  forms.  The  trench,  after  the  main  is 
laid,  shall  be  filled  with  clean  earth,  well  rammed  down  as  put  in. 

4.  Weather  delays.  Whenever  in  consequence  of  the  weather  or  any  process  of 
law,  or  other  unexpected  obstacle,  the  work  shall  be  stopped  for  so  long  a  time  that 
public  travel  shall  be  obstructed,  the  trench  shall  be  refilled  and  repaved  as  if  the 
work  contemplated  in  the  permit  was  actually  completed. 

5.  Laws  and  ordinances  to  be  complied  with.  All  work  done  under  the  permit 
shall  be  performed  in  accordance  with  the  requirements  of  the  commissioner,  and  in 
strict  compliance  with  all  applicable  laws  and  ordinances,  and  the  rules  and  regulations 
of  the  city  departments  established  for  the  purpose  of  enforcing  them. 

6.  Restoration  of  pavement.  When  the  pavement  opened  consists  of  stone  blocks, 
the  work  of  restoring  same  shall  be  begun  within  24  hours  after  notice  from  the 
commissioner  so  to  do,  and  completed  as  rapidly  as  possible  to  the  satisfaction  of  the 
commissioner,  and,  in  case  of  failure  to  so  commence  and  complete  the  work  it  may 
be  done  by  the  commissioner  in  such  manner  as  he  deems  proper  and  to  his  satis¬ 
faction,  the  permittee  shall  agree  to  pay  the  cost  of  restoring  same,  as  shown  by  the 
books  and  accounts  of  the  department  of  docks  and  ferries.  Where  the  pavement 
opened  is  asphalt,  the  permittee  shall  agree  to  send  an  order  to  the  asphalt  com¬ 
pany  which  has  the  contract  for  the  maintenance  thereof,  to  re-lay  it  at  the  expense 
of  the  permittee  and  to  send  a  duplicate  copy  of  the  order  to  the  chief  engineer  of 
the  department.  It  shall  also  agree  to  pay  the  cost  of  such  relaying  and  the  cost  of 
inspecting  the  work  by  the  department. 

7.  Revocation  of  permit.  The  commissioner  shall  have  the  right  to  revoke  the 
permit  at  any  time.  (Dept,  rules,  13.) 

§34.  Floating  docks. 

Floating  docks  may  be  used,  with  the  consent  of  the  owners  of  the  piers  or  bulk¬ 
heads,  respectively,  occupied  for  such  use,  or  of  the  persons  entitled  to  collect  wharfage 
for  such  piers  or  bulkheads,  for  the  purpose  of  taking  up  ships  or  vessels  for' repair, 
coppering  or  finishing;  subject  to  the  provisions  of  all  statutes  and  ordinances 
regulating  the  use  of  the  slips,  piers  and  wharves  of  the  city.  (Charter,  §870.)  : 


158 


DOCKS ,  FERRIES  AND  HARBOR  CONTROL. 


§35.  Violations. 

Any  owner,  lessee,  occupant  or  agent  of  any  water-front  property  who  shall  place 
or  permit  the  erection,  placing  or  maintaining  of  any  erection  or  any  structure,  for 
which  permit  has  not  been  duly  obtained  from  the  commissioner,  shall  forfeit  and  pay 
a  penalty  of  $100,  in  addition  to  all  damages  for  each  and  every  violation  of  any  pro¬ 
vision  of  this  article;  and  there  shall  be  a  further  penalty  of  $25  a  day  for  each  and 
every  day  which  shall  elapse  until  any  such  erection  or  structure  so  placed  shall  be 
removed,  after  the  expiration  of  the  time,  specified  in  any  notice  for  the  removal 
thereof  has  been  served  upon  such  owner,  lessee,  occupant  or  agent.  (Charter,  §827.) 


ARTICLE  4. 


Section  50. 

51. 

52. 

53. 

54. 

55. 

56. 

57. 


Maintenance  of  Wharf  Property. 

Cleaning,  repairing  and  dredging  water-front  property. 
Overloading  wharf  property. 

Obstruction  by  goods,  merchandise  and  materials. 
Vehicular  obstructions. 

Removal  of  incumbrances  and  obstructions. 

Sale  of  seized  merchandise,  vehicles,  etc. 

Public  hacks. 

Violations. 


§50.  Cleaning,  repairing  and  dredging  water=front  property. 

The  owner,  lessee  and  occupant  of  any  water-front  property  shall  keep  the  same 
cleaned  and  in  repair,  and  he  shall  keep  the  slips  adjacent  thereto  properly  dredged. 
Whenever,  in  the  judgment  of  the  commissioner,  it  shall  be  necessary  so  to  do, 
written  notices  shall  be  served  upon  the  owner,  lessee  or  occupant  of  any  pier,  wharf 
or  bulkhead,  or  the  slip  adjoining  the  same,  on  or  in  which  cleaning,  repairs  or  dredging 
are  required,  specifying  the  nature  and  extent  of  the  requirement  and  the  time  within 
which  it  must  be  done.  (Dept,  rules,  14.) 

§51.  Overloading  wharf  property. 

No  cargo,  goods  or  merchandise  shall  be  discharged  from  any  vessel  upon  any  pier, 
bulkhead,  wharf  structure  or  marginal  street,  wharf  or  place,  at  which  such  vessel  is 
being  unladen,  after  a  departmental  notice  has  been  served  upon  the  owner,  consignee, 
master  or  other  officer  of  such  vessel,  or  stevedore,  that  the  same  will  be  endangered 
by  the  placing  of  such  cargo,  goods  or  merchandise  thereon.  No  additional  cargo, 
goods  or  merchandise  shall  be  stored  upon  a  marginal  street,  wharf  or  place  after  a 
departmental  notice  has  been  served  upon  the  owner,  consignee,  agent  or  representa¬ 
tive  of  such  owner  or  consignee  of  such  cargo,  goods  or  merchandise,  that  such 
marginal  street,  wharf  or  place,  or  the  pavement  and  surface  thereof,  will  be  en¬ 
dangered  by  an  additional  burden.  In  order  that  the  surface  of  pavement  and  cover 
plates  of  the  marginal  streets,  wharves  and  places  shall  not  be  damaged,  cargo,  goods 
or  merchandise  in  excess  of  12.  tons  shall  not  be  transferred  on  any  truck  upon  or1 
over  any  marginal  street,  wharf  or  place,  except  by  special  license  or  permission  of 
the  commissioner;  nor  shall  cargo,  goods  or  merchandise  be  stored  or  stacked  upon 
any  marginal  street,  wharf  or  place,  in  excess  of  1,000  pounds  per  square  foot,  except 
by  special  license  or  permission  of  the  commissioner  and  in  such  manner  and  method 
as  he  may  direct.  (Dept,  rules,  3.) 

§52.  Obstruction  by  goods,  merchandise  and  materials. 

1.  In  sheds.  The  lessees  or  occupants  of  any  water-front  property,  which  has 
been  covered  in  whole  or  in  part  with  a  shed,  shall  not  allow  goods,  merchandise, 

159 


CHAP.  8 ,  ART.  4,  SECS.  53,  54. 


cargo  or  material  of  any  kind  to  be  discharged  thereat  or  placed  thereon,  nor  to  remain 
upon  the  part  thus  shedded  for  a  period  longer  than  5  days,  without  the  written  per¬ 
mission  of  the  commissioner.  (Dept.,  rules,  9.) 

2.  Generally.  Except  as  otherwise  provided  in  this  section,  all  goods,  merchandise 
and  materials  of  every  kind,  landed  or  placed  on  any  waterfront  property,  must  be 
removed  therefrom  within  24  hours.  After  a  departmental  notice  has  been  served 
upon  the  owner,  shipper  or  consignee  of  any  cargo,  to  remove  the  same,  a  penalty  of 
$25  shall  be  paid  for  each  and  every  day  during  which  any  part  of  such  goods,  mer¬ 
chandise  or  material  shall  remain  upon  such  waterfront  property,  after  the  expiration 
of  said  24  hours,  to  be  recovered  from  such  owner,  shipper  or  consignee,  severally  and 
respectively.  (Dept,  rules,  4.) 

3.  Removal  and  storage  by  department.  All  goods,  merchandise  and  materials 
of  every  kind  incumbering  any  waterfront  property,  after  the  time  designated  for  the 
removal  thereof  shall  have  expired,  shall  be  liable  to  be  removed  by  the  commissioner 
to  any  warehouse  or  yard,  at  the  sole  risk  and  expense  of  the  owner'  or  consignee  of 
any  such  goods,  merchandise  or  materials,  and  all  expense  incurred  for  such  removal 
and  storage,  or  otherwise,  shall  be  and  become  a  lien  thereon,  and  they  shall  not  be 
delivered  to  the  owner  or  consignee  until  the  same  has  been  paid.  (Dept,  rules,  4.) 

§53.  Vehicular  obstructions. 

No  unharnessed  truck,  cart,  wagon  or  vehicle  of  any  description  shall  be  placed  or 
left  at  any  time  on  any  marginal  street,  wharf,  or  place,  or  on  any  bulkhead,  pier  or 
reclaimed  land,  within  the  charge  and  control  of  the  department,  under  a  penalty  of  $3, 
to  be  recovered  from  the  owner  thereof.  Any  unharnessed  truck,  cart,  wagon  or 
vehicle  of  any  description  placed  or  left  on  any  marginal  street,  wharf  or  place  or  on 
any  bulkhead,  pier  or  reclaimed  land,  under  the  charge  and  control  of  the  department, 
shall  be  removed  by  a  person  and  to  a  place  to  be  designated  by  the  commissioner,  and 
an  additional  charge  of  not  less  than  50  cents  per  day,  for  storage,  shall  be  and  become 
a  lien  thereon,  and  such  unharnessed  truck,  cart,  wagon  or  vehicle  shall  not  be  delivered 
to  the  owner  until  said  fine  and  storage  charge  shall  have  been  paid.  (Dept,  rules,  10.) 

§54.  Removal  of  incumbrances  and  obstructions. 

Whenever  any  wharf,  pier,  bulkhead  or  marginal  street,  shall  be  incumbered,  or  its 
free  use  interfered  with  by  merchandise,  lumber,  trucks,  wagons  or  any  other  obstruc¬ 
tion,  whether  of  loose  materials  or  structures  built  upon  or  affixed  to  such  water¬ 
front  property  without  authority  of  law,  the  commissioner  shall  notify  the  person 
placing  or  keeping  such  merchandise  or  other  obstruction  thereon  to  remove  the  same, 
within  24  hours  after  such  notice.  Whenever  the  commissioner  shall  make  any  order 
or  give  any  direction  in  pursuance  of  the  power  conferred  by  this  section,  the  owner, 
consignee  or  person  in  charge  of  the  merchandise,  property,  or  vessel  in  reference  to 
which  such  order  or  direction  is  given,  shall  comply  with  the  same  without  unreason¬ 
able  delay,  or,  in  default  thereof,  the  commissioner  may  employ  such  laborers  and 
assistance  as  may  be  necessary  to  carry  out  such  order  or  direction,  by  the  removal 
of  the  material,  merchandise,  or  vessel  in  reference  to  which  the  same  was  given.  All 
expenses,  actually  and  necessarily  incurred  in  effecting  such  removal,  shall  be  paid 
by  the  owner,  consignee,  or  person  in  charge  of  the  material,  merchandise,  or  vessel 
so  removed,  and  the  amount  thereof  shall  be  a  lien  upon  the  same,  in  favor  of  the 
department,  which  may  be  enforced  by  proceedings  instituted  by  and  in  its  name, 
according  to  the  provisions  of  laws  concerning  attachments  against  vessels.  The  com¬ 
missioner  shall,  for  the  purposes  of  this  section,  be  deemed  a  creditor  of  such  owner, 
consignee,  or  person  in  charge,  and  each  of  them,  for  the  amount  of  the  expenses 
so  incurred,  and  may  have  and  maintain  an  action  against  them  or  either  of  them,  to 
recover  the  same.  (Charter,  §§849-851.) 


160 


DOCKS,  FERRIES  AND  HARBOR  CONTROL. 


§55.  Sale  of  seized  merchandise,  vehicles,  etc. 

During  the  months  of  January  and  July  in  each  year,  the  commissioner  shall 
advertise  for  1  week,  in  the  City  Record,  the  merchandise,  lumber,  trucks,  wagons  or 
other  incumbrances  and  obstructions  which  have  been  so  stored  and  which  has  re¬ 
mained  unclaimed,  setting  forth  the  marks  and  numbers  thereon,  the  description  thereof 
and  the  designation  of  the  water-front  property  from  whence  the  same  was  removed 
and  the  date  of  such  removal.  If  any  of  such  merchandise,  material  or  vehicle  so 
advertised  shall  remain  thereafter  unclaimed  for  3  months,  the  commissioner  may  then 
sell  the  same,  after  further  advertisement  for  1  week  in  the  City  Record,  at  public 
auction  to  the  highest  bidder.  The  proceeds  of  such  sale  shall  be  used  to  pay  the 
expenses  of  the  removal,  storage  and  sale  of  such  incumbrances  or  obstructions,  and 
any  balance  thereof  shall  be  held  in  trust  by  the  commissioner  for  the  owner  or 
owners  thereof,  for  12  months,  when,  if  not  claimed,  it  shall  be  paid  over  to  the 
commissioners  of  the  sinking  fund.  (Charter,  §§849-851.) 

§56.  Public  hacks. 

No  public  hack  or  other  vehicle  shall  stand  or  be  allowed  on  any  pier  for  the 
purpose  of  carrying  passengers  for  hire  from  the  pier,  over  the  streets  of  the  city, 
without  a  permit.  (Dept,  rule.) 


§57.  Violations. 

Any  person  violating  any  provision  of  this  article,  or  neglecting  or  refusing  to 
comply  with  any  order  of  the  commissioner,  made  thereunder,  shall,  except  as  other¬ 
wise  provided  in  this  article,  pay  a  penalty  of  $100  for  each  such  violation  or  neglect 
or  refusal  to  comply  with  such  order,  and  the  offender  shall  pay  a  further  penalty  of 
$25  for  each  day  such  violation  or  refusal  to  comply  with  the  order  shall  continue. 
(Charter,  §927.) 

ARTICLE  5. 


Discharge  and  Storage  of  Cargoes. 


Section  60. 
61. 
62. 

63. 

64. 


Jurisdiction  of  commissioner. 
Manner  of  discharging  cargo. 
Manure  and  other  offensive  refuse. 
Inflammable  material. 

Building  material. 


§60.  Jurisdiction  of  commissioner. 

The  commissioner  shall  have  power,  from  time  to  time,  to  make  such  general 
rules  and  regulations  and  give  such  directions  as  will  secure  dispatch  in  loading  and 
unloading  vessels  and  the  prompt  removal  of  the  same  from  the  piers  as  soon  as  com¬ 
pleted,  and  also  such  as  shall  be  necessary  to  prevent  any  unnecessary  accumulation  of 
freight  or  merchandise  upon  any  pier  or  wharf,  while  any  vessel  shall  be  engaged  in 
receiving  or  discharging  her  cargo;  provided,  however,  that  this  power  shall  not  be 
exercised  in  reference  to  any  obstruction  or  incumbrance  upon  any  pier  or  wharf 
occupied  by  any  regular  line  of  steamboats  or  steamships,  or  by  any  railroad  company, 
except  upon  the  written  request  of  the  occupant  or  lessee  of  such  pier  or  wharf. 
(Charter,  §849.) 

§61.  Manner  of  discharging  cargo. 

1.  Sand  and  gravel.  No  sand,  gravel  or  similar  material  shall  be  discharged  from 
or  loaded  into  any  vessel,  unless  canvas  or  similar  material  be  extended  from  the 
vessel's  side  to  the  bulkhead  or  wharf  structure  at  which  such  vessel  is  being  unladen,  to 
prevent  the  falling  of  the  sand  into  the  water;  and,  if  the  surface  of  any  such  wharf 
structures  is  not  sufficiently  tight  to  prevent  the  sand  dumped  thereon  from  going 
through  into  the  water,  then  no  sand  shall  be  discharged  thereon  from  any  vessel, 


161 


CHAP.  8 ,  ART.  5,  SECS.  62-64. 


unless  canvas  or  similar  material  shall  be  first  laid  thereon  to  receive  the  sand.  (Dept 
rules,  5.) 

2.  Use  of  horses.  No  vessel  of  any  kind  shall  be  loaded  or  discharged  by  horse¬ 
power,  unless  proper  planking  be  provided  to  protect  the  surface  of  such  pier,  bulk¬ 
head  or  wharf  structure  from  injury,  consequent  upon  the  travel  of  the  horse,  or  the 
unloading  of  stones  or  similar  cargo  thereupon,  under  a  penalty  of  $25  for  each 
offense,  to  be  recovered  from  the  owner,  consignee  or  master  of  any  such  vessel,  or 
stevedore,  severally  and  respectively.  (Dept,  rules,  5.) 

3.  Lumber  or  brick.  All  lumber,  brick  or  other  material  in  bulk,  discharged  on 
any  bulkhead,  must  be  placed  at  least  20  feet  from  the  edge  of  the  bulkhead,  pending 
removal-  (Dept,  rules,  5.) 

§62.  Manure  and  other  offensive  refuse. 

No  manure,  cellar  dirt,  garbage,  offal,  dead  animals,  or  refuse  of  any  kind  shall 
be  received  or  delivered  at  any  pier,  bulkhead  or  reclaimed  land,  or  placed  thereon, 
without  the  special  permit  of  the  commissioner.  (Dept,  rules,  6.) 

§63.  Inflammable  material. 

The  loading,  discharging  or  keeping  on  any  wharf,  pier  or  bulkhead  or  any  lighter, 
barge  or  other  craft  moored  to  any  wharf,  pier,  or  bulkhead  in  the  city,  of  cotton, 
turpentine,  rosin,  hay,  straw  or  other  inflammable  material  deemed  extra  hazardous 
in  the  standard  policy  of  fire  insurance  in  use  in  the  State  of  New  York,  or  any 
explosive,  shall  not  be  permitted,  unless  the  same  is  covered  with  tarpaulins  or  other 
more  permanent  or  substantial  material.  (Dept,  rules,  5.) 

§64.  Building  material. 

No  brick,  sand,  gravel  or  similar  material  shall  be  unloaded  on  any  wharf 
property,  unless  a  permit  therefor  shall  have  been  issued  by  the  superintendent  of 
docks,  and  no  such  material  shall  be  unloaded  on  unleased  city  property  unless  art 
application  shall  have  been  submitted  to  the  superintendent,  accompanied  by  a  receipt 
from  a  dock  master  for  $12.50,  specifying  the  name  of  the  vessel  from  which  the 
cargo  is  to  be  unloaded,  and  a  permit  issued  therefor  by  the  superintendent.  At 
the  expiration  of  10  days  from  the  date  of  said  permit,  if  any  portion  of  said  cargo 
remains,  a  similar  application,  accompanied  by  a  receipt  for  $12-50,  additional,  shall 
be  submitted,  as  in  the  first  instance.  No  vessel  carrying  such  material  or  cargo 
shall  be  allowed  to  occupy  a  berth  for  a  period  longer  than  5  days,  when  said  berth 
is  required  by  another  vessel.  City  wharf  property  under  permit  shall  be  deemed 
leased  property,  within  the  meaning  of  this  section.  (Dept,  rules,  11.) 

ARTICLE  6. 

Wharfage  Rates. 


Section  80. 

General  traffic. 

81. 

State  traffic. 

82. 

Local  traffic. 

83. 

Vessels  carrying  shell-fish. 

84. 

Floating  structures ;  grain  elevators. 

85. 

Canal-boats  and  brick-carriers. 

86. 

Coal  hoists  and  derrick-scows. 

87. 

Dump-scows. 

88. 

Berthing  fees. 

89. 

Payment  of  wharfage. 

90. 

Top-wharfage. 

91. 

Rates  to  be  printed  on  wharfage  bills;  overcharges- 

162 

DOCKS ,  FERRIES  AND  HARBOR  CONTROL. 


§80.  General  traffic. 

Except  as  otherwise  provided  in  this  article,  wharfage  and  dockage  shall  be  charged 
for  each  day,  or  part  of  a  day,  a  ship  or  vessel  shall  use  or  be  made  fast  to  any 
dock,  pier,  wharf  or  bulkhead,  or  shall  make  fast  to  any  vessel  lying  at  any  such  water¬ 
front  property,  or  to  any  other  vessel  lying  outside  thereof  and  made  fast  thereto,  at 
the  following  rates: 

For  each  vessel  of  200  tons  burden  and  under,  2c.  per  ton;  and  for  each  vessel 
over  200  tons  burden,  2c.  per  ton  for  each  of  the  first  200  tons  burden  and  of  lc. 
per  ton  for  every  additional  ton.  (Charter,  §859.) 

§81.  State  traffic. 

Vessels  known  as  North  river  barges,  market  boats  and  sloops,  employed  upon 
the  waters  of  this  state,  and  schooners,  exclusively  employed  upon  such  waters,  shall 
pay  wharfage  or  dockage  for  each  day  or  part  of  a  day,  at  the  following  rates : 


Under  50  tons  burden .  $0.50 

50  tons,  and  unde.  100 .  .62 x/ 

100  tons,  and  under  150 .  .75 

150  tons,  and  under  200 .  .87/ 

200  tons,  and  under  250 .  1.00 

250  tons,  and  under  300 . 1.12/ 

300  tons,  and  under  350 .  L25 

350  tons,  and  under  400 .  1 .37/ 

400  tons,  and  under  450 .  1.50 

450  tons,  and  under  500 .  1.62/ 

500  tons,  and  under  550 .  1.75 

550  tons,  and  under  600 .  1.87/ 


600  tons  and  upward,  $1.87^2  per  50  tons  in  excess  of  600  tons.  (Charter,  §859.) 

§82.  Local  traffic. 

Lighters  and  barges  employed  in  lightering  freight  in  the  port  of  New  York 
shall  pay  wharfage  and  dockage  at  the  rate  of  lc.  per  running  foot,  actual  linear 
measurement,  along  the  side  of  the  vessel.  (Charter,  §859.) 

§83.  Vessels  carrying  shell=fish. 

Vessels  of  200  tons  burden  and  under  which  shall  be  actually  engaged  in  carrying 
oysters  or  other  shellfish,  and  which  make  fast  to  any  water-front  property  shall  pay 
wharfage  and  dockage  at  the  rate  of  l/c.  per  ton  each  day,  and  every  such  vessel 
which  shall  make  fast  to  another  vessel  lying  at  any  water-front  property,  or  to  any 
vessel  lying  outside  of  such  vessel,  or  that  shall  anchor  within  any  slip  or  basin,  shall 
pay  lc.  per  ton  per  day;  provided,  that  no  vessel  shall  pay  less  than  25c.,  nor  less  than 
1  day’s  wharfage,  nor  shall  more  than  1  day’s  wharfage  be  charged  unless  for  a  con¬ 
tinuous  use  of  the  pier,  wharf,  bulkhead,  slip  or  basin  of  more  than  24  hours.  (Charter 
§860.) 

§84.  Floating  structures;  grain  elevators. 

Every  vessel  or  floating  structure,  other  than  those  above  named,  used  for  trans¬ 
portation  of  freight  or  passengers,  shall  pay  double  the  first  rate  prescribed  in  §80 
of  this  article;  except  that  floating  grain  elevators  shall  pay  one-half  of  such  rate. 
(Charter,  §859.) 

§85.  CanaLboats  and  brick-carriers. 

Every  canal  boat  and  every  vessel  engaged  in  freighting  brick  on  the  Hudson 
river,  occupying  a  berth  next  to  any  water-front  property  and  engaged  in  delivering 
cargo  upon  said  pier,  wharf,  or  bulkhead,  or  receiving  cargo  therefrom,  shall  pay 
wharfage  at  the  rate  of  50c.  for  every  day  or  part  of  a  day  while  so  engaged;  but, 

163 


CHAP.  8,  ART.  6 ,  SECS.  86-91. 

when  unloaded,  such  canal  boats  or  vessels  shall  pay  wharfage  at  the  rate  of  30c. 
per  day  or  part  thereof ;  provided  no  canal  boat  or  vessel,  lying  in  any  slip  between 
two  adjacent  piers,  shall  be  required  to  pay  full  wharfage  to  the  owner  or  lessee  of 
both  such  piers  for  the  same  day,  notwithstanding  she  may,  during  said  day,  have 
changed  her  location  between  the  piers ;  but  she  shall  pay  one-half  rates  to  each  owner 
or  lessee  in  such  case.  (Charter,  §861.) 

§86.  Coal  hoists  and  derrick-scows. 

Coal  hoists  on  scows,  or  floats  and  vessels  loading  or  unloading  derrick  stone, 
old  paving  blocks  and  asphalt  from  street  surfaces,  shall  pay  $1.00  per  day  for  derrick 
scow;  $1.00  per  day  for  boat  lying  next  to  a  dock  or  next  to  a  derrick,  and  regular 
wharfage  for  any  additional  boats.  Derrick  scows  occupying  berth  without  scows  or 
other  vessels,  $2.00  per  day.  (Dept,  rule.) 

§87.  Dump-scows. 

Vessels  loading  or  unloading  ashes  or  similar  material  shall  pay  wharfage  or 
dockage  at  the  rate  of  lc.  per  day  per  running  foot.  (Dept,  rule.) 

§88.  Berthing  fees. 

Every  vessel  making  fast  to  a  vessel  at  any  pier,  wharf,  or  bulkhead,  or  to  another 
vessel  outside  of  such  vessel,  or  at  anchor  within  any  slip  or  basin,  when  not  receiving 
or  discharging  cargo  or  ballast,  shall  pay  one-half  of  rates  provided  for  vessels  of  her 
class  in  the  preceding  sections  of  this  article.  (Charter,  §859.) 

§89.  Payment  of  wharfage. 

Dock  masters  must  collect  in  cash  any  and  all  wharfage  daily,  except  in  cases 
where  a  credit  account  has  been  opened  by  consent  of  the  commissioner.  Payment  for 
wharfage,  by  those  having  credit  accounts,  must  be  made  directly  to  the  cashier  of  the 
department,  within  10  days  after  receipt  of  bill.  In  case  a  vessel  shall  leave  a  pier, 
wharf,  bulkhead,  slip  or  basin  before  the  payment  of  the  wharfage  or  dockage  due 
on  her  account,  the  owner,  consignee  or  person  in  charge  of  such  vessel  shall  be  liable 
to  pay  double  the  rates  of  wharfage  for  vessels  of  her  class,  established  by  the  preced¬ 
ing  sections  of  this  article.  (Dept,  rule.) 

§90.  Top  wharfage. 

The  owner  or  the  lessee  of  any  wharf,  pier  or  bulkhead  may  charge  and  collect  the 
sum  of  5c.  per  ton  on  all  goods,  merchandise  and  materials  remaining  on  the  water¬ 
front  property,  owned  or  leased  by  him,  for  every  day  after  the  expiration  of  24  hours 
from  the  time  the  goods,  merchandise  and  materials  shall  have  been  left  or  deposited 
thereon,  and  he  shall  have  a  lien  on  such  goods,  merchandise  and  materials  for  such 
charges  until  the  same  shall  have  been  paid.  (Charter,  §862.) 

§91.  Rates  to  be  printed  on  wharfage  bills;  overcharges. 

All  persons  owning  or  having  charge  of  water-front  property  shall  cause  all  pro¬ 
visions  of  this  article  to  be  printed  on  the  back  of  each  bill  presented  by  them  for 
wharfage,  and  the  owner,  consignee,  or  person  in  charge  of  any  vessel  shall  not  be 
required  to  pay  the  wharfage  or  dockage  due  on  such  vessel  unless,  upon  his  demand, 
the  bill  presented  to  him  is  printed  in  conformity  with  this  section.  Any  person,  own¬ 
ing  or  having  charge  of  any  water-front  property,  who  shall  receive  for  wharfage 
any  rates  in  excess  of  those  authorized  by  this  article,  shall  forfeit  to  the  party 
aggrieved  treble  the  amount  so  charged  as  damages,  to  be  sued  for  and  recovered  by 
the  party  aggrieved.  (Charter,  §863.) 

ARTICLE  7. 

Ferries. 

Section  100. 

164 


DOCKS ,  FERRIES  AND  HARBOR  CONTROL. 


ARTICLE  8. 


Section  120. 
121. 
122. 

123. 

124. 


Protection  of  Navigation. 

Obstructions  to  navigation. 

Vessels  lying  at  outer  ends  of  wharves. 
Fouling  navigable  waters. 

Ashes  and  refuse  from  vessels. 
Violations. 


§120.  Obstructions  to  navigation. 

In  case  any  pier,  bulkhead,  platform  or  other  wharf  structure  shall  be  abandoned 
and  constitute  an  obstruction  to  navigation,  or  a  vessel  shall  be  stranded,  sunken  or 
wrecked  and  be  abandoned  for  10  days,  the  commissioner  shall  notify  the  owner  of 
such  abandoned  property  or  vessel,  if  known  to  him,  to  remove  the  same  forthwith, 
but  if  the  owner  be  not  known  to  the  commissioner,  or  is  not  within  the  city,  or  shall 
fail  to  comply  with  the  notice,  the  commissioner  shall  cause  such  obstruction  or  vessel 
to  be  removed,  and  the  expense  of  such  removal  shall  be  recoverable  by  action  from 
the  owner  and  shall  be  a  lien  on  the  property  or  vessel  so  removed  until  paid.  If  such 
property  or  vessel  be  not  claimed  within  30  days  after  removal,  the  commissioner  shall 
advertise  the  same  for  sale,  at  public  auction  to  the  highest  bidder,  in  the  City  Record 
for  6  days.  The  proceeds  of  each  such  sale  shall  be  paid  into  the  city  treasury.  (Dept, 
rules,  11.) 

§121.  Vessels  lying  at  outer  ends  of  wharves. 

No  vessel,  canal  boat,  barge,  lighter  or  tug  shall  obstruct  the  waters  of  the  harbor, 
by  lying  at  the  exterior  en^  of  wharves  in  the  waters  of  the  North  or  the  East  river, 
except  at  their  own  risk  of  injury  from  vessels  entering  or  leaving  any  adjacent  dock 
or  pier.  (Charter,  §789.) 

§122.  Fouling  navigable  waters. 

1.  Dumping.  No  wharf,  pier  or  slip,  or  bulkhead  adjacent  thereto,  in  the  navi¬ 
gable  waters  of  the  port  of  New  York,  which  has  heretofore  been  used  for  the  loading 
and  discharging  of  sailing  vessels,  regularly  employed  in  foreign  commerce  and  having 
a  draught  of  more  than  18  feet  of  water,  shall  be  used  as  a  dumping  ground.  (Charter. 
§845.) 

2.  Harbor  pollution.  The  placing,  discharging  or  depositing,  by  any  process  or 
in  any  manner,  of  offal,  fruit,  vegetables,  piles,  lumber,  timber,  driftwood,  dirt,  ashes, 
cinders,  mud,  sand,  dredging,  sludge,  acid,  or  any  other  refuse  matters  floatable  or 
otherwise  in  the  tidal  waters  of  the  port  of  New  York  is  hereby  strictly  prohibited, 
except  under  the  supervision  of  the  United  States  supervisor  of  the  harbor.  (Charter, 
§880;  Dept,  rules,  15.) 

3.  Snow  and  ice.  No  snow  or  ice  shall  be  dumped  into  the  waters  adjacent  to 
water-front,  except  from  piers,  bulkheads  and  other  places  designated  from  time  to 
time  by  the  commissioner.  (Charter,  §878;  Dept,  rules,  8.) 


§123.  Ashes  and  refuse  from  vessels. 

Scows  employed  by  the  city  or  by  contractors  for  removing  ashes,  garbage  and 
refuse,  while  moored  at  the  various  dumping  boards  of  the  city,  are  hereby  required 
to  receive,  directly,  all  ashes  or  rubbish  from  vessels  in  the  harbor,  and  2  or  more 
scows  shall  be  located  at  such  points  as  the  supervisor  of  the  harbor  may  direct,  for 
the  special  use  of  boats  and  vessels  wishing  to  discharge  ashes  or  rubbish.  (Charter, 
§881.) 


§124.  Violations. 

Any  person  violating  any  provision  of  this  article  shall,  upon  conviction  therefor, 
be  punished  by  a  fine  of  not  more  than  $250  nor  less  than  $5,  or  imprisonment  for  not 
more  than  6  months  nor  less  than  10  days,  one-half  of  said  fine  to  be  paid  to  the  person 
giving  information  which  shall  lead  to  the  conviction  of  the  offender.  (Charter,  §880.) 

165 


^CHAPTER  9. 
ELECTRICAL  CONTROL. 


Article  1. 
2. 

3. 

4. 

5. 

6. 
7. 


Section  1. 

2. 

3. 

4. 

5. 

6. 

7. 

8. 
9. 

10. 

11. 

12. 

13. 


General  provisions. 

Generators,  motors,  switchboards. 

Outside  work. 

Inside  work. 

Fittings,  materials  and  details  of  construction. 

Miscellaneous. 

Violations. 

ARTICLE  1. 

General  Provisions. 

Definitions. 

Jurisdiction;  powers  and  duties  of  the  commissioner. 
Federal  buildings. 

City  departments. 

Public  service  electric  corporations. 

Installations,  alterations  or  repairs  of  wiring  or  appliances. 
Applications. 

License  board. 

Fees. 

Inspection. 

Certificate  of  inspection. 

Supplying  current. 

Discontinuing  current. 


§1.  Definitions. 

Unless  otherwise  expressly  stated,  the  following  terms  whenever  used  in  thL 
chapter  shall  respectively  be  deemed  to  mean  and  include : 

1.  Appliances,  all  electrical  apparatus  or  fittings,  except  fuse  renewals,  incandes¬ 
cent  lamp  renewals  and  portable  devices  which,  together  with  their  cables  and  attach¬ 
ments,  have  been  approved  for  connection  to  appropriate  parts  of  the  permanent 
electrical  equipment; 

2.  Approved,  approved  in  writing  by  the  commissioner  of  water  supply,  gas  and 
electricity ; 

3.  B.  and  S.  gauge,  Brown  and  Sharpe  gauge  for  wire; 

4.  Building,  any  edifice,  structure  or  enclosure,  whether  roofed  or  unroofed ; 

5.  Certificate  of  inspection,  the  certificate  of  the  commissioner  that  the  installa¬ 
tion,  alteration  or  repair  of  electric  wiring  or  appliances  for  light,  heat  or  power  in 
a  building  has  been  inspected,  and  is  approved  by  the  department,  either  temporarily 
or  finally; 

6.  Extra-high  potential  system,  any  circuit  attached  to  any  machine  or  com¬ 
bination  of  machines  which  develops  a  difference  of  potential  between  any  2  wires, 
of  over  3,500  volts,  shall  be  considered  as  an  extra-high  potential  circuit,  and  as  coming 
under  that  class,  unless  an  approved  transforming  device  is  used,  which  cuts  the  differ¬ 
ence  of  potential  down  to  3,500  volts  or  less ; 

7.  High-potential  system,  any  circuit  attached  to  any  machine  or  combination 
of  machines  which  develops  a  difference  of  potential  between  any  2  wires  of 
over  550  volts  and  less  than  3,500  volts,  unless  an  approved  transforming  device  is  used, 


*  Amended  by  ord.  effective  May  29,  1916. 

166 


ELECTRICAL  CONTROL. 


which  cuts  the  difference  of  potential  down  to  550  volts  or  less ;  for  550  volt  motor 
equipments  a  margin  of  10  per  cent,  above  the  550  volt  limit  will  be  allowed  at  the 
generator  or  transformer  without  coming  under  high-potential  systems ; 

8.  License,  the  authorization  of  the  commissioner  for  a  person  to  engage  generally 
in  the  business  of  installing,  altering  or  repairing  electric  wiring  or  appliances  for 
light,  heat  or  power  in  buildings; 

9.  Low-potential  system,  any  circuit  attached  to  any  transforming  device,  ma¬ 
chine,  or  combination  of  machines,  which  develops  a  difference  of  potential  between 
any  2  wires,  of  not  over  550  volts ;  the  primary  circuit  not  to  exceed  a  potential 
of  3,500  volts  unless  the  primary  wires  are  installed  in  accordance  with  approved 
standards  for  pole-line  construction  or  are  underground;  for  550  volt  motor  equip¬ 
ments  a  margin  of  10  per  cent,  above  the  550  volt  limit  will  be  allowed  at  the  generator 
or  transformer;  (Amended  by  ord.  approved  Aug.  8,  1916.) 

10.  Signalling  system,  wiring  for  telephone,  telegraph  (except  wireless  telegraph 
apparatus),  district  messenger  and  call  bell  circuits,  fire  and  burglar  alarms,  and  all 
similar  systems  which  are  hazardous  only  because  of  their  liability  to  become  crossed 
with  electric  light,  heat  or  power  circuits ; 

11.  Special  license,  the  authorization  of  the  commissioner  for  a  person  in  the 
exclusive  employ  of  the  owner  or  manager  of  a  building  to  install,  alter  or  repair 
electric  wiring  or  appliances  for  light,  heat  or  power  therein  during  the  term  of  such 
special  license ; 

12.  Special  permit,  the  authorization  of  the  commissioner  for  a  person  to  install 
or  repair  electric  wiring  or  appliances  for  light,  heat  or  power  upon  an  individual 
application. 

§2.  Jurisdiction;  powers  and  duties  of  the  commissioner. 

The  commissioner  of  water  supply,  gas  and  electricity  is  empowered  to 

1.  Make  rules  and  regulations  respecting  the  installing,  altering  or  repairing  of 
electric  wiring  or  appliances  for  light,  heat  or  power,  in  or  upon  any  building; 

2.  Cause  any  electric  wiring  or  appliance  for  light,  heat  or  power,  in  or  upon  any 
building,  to  be  examined  and  inspected  by  an  officer  or  employee  of  the  department 
designated  for  that  purpose; 

3.  Order  in  writing  the  remedying  of  any  defect  or  deficiency  in  the  installing, 
altering  or  repairing  of  electric  wiring  or  appliances  for  light,  heat  or  power,  in  or 
upon  any  building; 

4.  Cause  any  order  of  the  commissioner  which  is  not  complied  with,  within  the 
time  fixed  in  such  order  for  compliance  therewith,  to  be  enforced  and  to  take  pro¬ 
ceedings  for  its  enforcement. 

§3.  Federal  buildings. 

Nothing  in  this  chapter  shall  be  construed  to  apply  to  any  building  the  electrical 
equipment  of  which  is  under  the  control  of  the  United  States  Government,  or  of  any 
department  or  officer  thereof. 

§4.  City  departments. 

The  various  departments,  boards  and  officers  of  the  city  shall  be  subject  to 
the  provisions  of  this  chapter  in  so  far  as  the  same  may  be  applicable,  but  shall  not 
be  required  to  pay  fees ;  provided,  that  nothing  in  this  chapter  shall  be  so  construed 
as  to  affect  or  in  any  way  modify  the  provisions  of  §7,  article  1  of  chapter  9  of  this 
code  or  of  chapter  458  of  the  laws  of  1912. 

§5.  Public  service  electric  corporations. 

The  provisions  of  this  chapter  shall  not  apply 

1.  To  electrical  equipment  used  in  connection  with  railroads. 


167 


CHAP.  9,  ART.  1,  SECS.  6-8. 


2.  To  the  following  described  electrical  equipment  used  in  connection  with  light¬ 
ing  and  power  companies:  (a)  generating  stations,  (b)  substations,  (c)  storage  battery 
stations,  (d)  storage  buildings  and  yards  and  (e)  service  switches  and  controlling 
devices,  and  meters  and  their  attached  controlling  and  testing  devices;  provided, 
that  the  electrical  equipment  hereinabove  referred  to  be  owned  or  leased  and  oper¬ 
ated  by,  all  for  the  exclusive  benefit  of,  persons  or  corporations  subject  to  the  juris¬ 
diction  of  either  of  the  public  service  commissions  of  the  State  of  New  York,  or  their 
successors. 

§6.  Installations,  alterations  or  repairs  of  wiring  or  appliances. 

1.  Generally.  No  person  shall  install,  alter  or  repair  electric  wiring  or  appliances 
for  light,  heat  or  power  in  any  building  except  a  person  holding  a  license,  a  special 
license  or  a  special  permit,  as  defined  in  §1  of  this  chapter,  or  a  person  employed  by 
and  working  under  the  general  supervision  of  the  holder  of  a  license,  a  special  license 
or  a  special  permit,  and  after  application  for  a  certificate  of  inspection  of  such  instal¬ 
lation,  alteration  or  repair.  A  license  or  a  special  license  shall  remain  in  force  for  1 
year  from  the  date  of  issue,  and  a  special  permit  shall  remain  in  force  during  the 
performance  of  the  work  which  it  authorizes,  unless  modified,  suspended  or  revoked 
as  hereinafter  provided;  but  in  no  gase  shall  a  special  permit  remain  in  force  for 
more  than  1  year. 

2.  Modification ,  suspension  or  revocation  of  special  permits  and  licenses.  The 
commissioner  may  at  any  time  by  an  order  in  writing,  for  good  cause  shown,  modify, 
suspend  or  revoke  any  special  permit  issued  pursuant  to  this  chapter,  and,  in  like  man¬ 
ner,  but  upon  recommendation  of  the  license  board,  he  may  modify,  suspend  or  revoke 
any  license  similarly  issued. 

§7.  Applications. 

All  applications  for  licenses,  special  licenses,  special  permits  or  certificates  of  in¬ 
spection  shall  be  made  to  the  commissioner,  in  such  form  and  detail  as  he  may  from 
time  to  time  prescribe.  A  license,  special  license  or  special  permit  shall  not  be  trans¬ 
ferable. 

§8.  License  board. 

1.  Organization.  The  commissioner  shall  appoint  a  board  to  determine  the 
fitness  of  applicants  for  licenses,  which  shall  consist  of : 

a.  An  officer  or  employee  of  the  department; 

b.  A  master  or  employing  electrician; 

c.  A  journeyman  electrician; 

d.  An  underwriters’  electrical  inspector; 

e.  An  electrician  in  the  employ  of  a  public  service  corporation  of  the  city; 

f.  An  architect  or  builder  of  at  least  5  years  practical  experience; 

g.  A  real  estate  owner  or  broker. 

The  member  of  the  board  who  is  an  officer  or  employee  of  the  department  shall 
serve  as  chairman,  and  all  members  shall  serve  without  compensation.  Four  members, 
including  the  chairman,  who  shall  be  entitled  to  vote,  shall  constitute  a  quorum  of  the 
board  for  the  transaction  of  business ;  but  no  recommendation  for  the  issue,  modifica¬ 
tion.  suspension  or  revocation  of  a  license  shall  be  adopted  except  by  the  vote  of 
4  members  of  the  board. 

2.  Jurisdiction.  All  applications  for  licenses  or  special  licenses  shall  be  referred 
by  the  commissioner  to  the  board,  which  shall  promptly  investigate  and  report  to  the 
commissioner  as  to  the  fitness  for  license  of  the  respective  applicants.  The  board  shall 
meet  at  least  once  in  every  week  for  the  consideration  of  such  applications.  The  board 
shall  investigate  and  report  to  the  commissioner  respecting  any  charge  that  may  be 
made  against  the  holder  of  a  license  or  a  special  license. 

168 


ELECTRICAL  CONTROL. 


§9.  Fees. 

There  shall  be  charged  and  collected  by  the  commissioner  a  fee  of  $10  for  each 
license  issued  under  the  provisions  of  this  chapter  and  thereafter  an  annual  fee  of 
$5  for  each  renewal  of  such  license  and  a  fee  of  $1  for  each  special  license  or  special 
permit  so  issued. 

§10.  Inspection. 

The  commissioner  or  any  duly  authorized  officer  or  employee  of  the  department 
of  water  supply,  gas  and  electricity  may  enter  or  go  upon,  at  any  reasonable  hour,  any 
building  in  or  upon  which  are  wires  or  other  apparatus  for  electric  currents  for 
light,  heat  or  power,  to  make  inspection  of  such  wires  or  other  appliances  or  for  any 
other  purpose  in  furtherance  of  the  provisions  of  this  chapter. 

§11.  Certificate  of  inspection. 

1.  Issue.  If,  after  inspection,  the  electric  wiring  or  appliances  for  light,  heat 
or  power  in  a  building  shall  be  found  by  the  commissioner  to  have  been  installed, 
altered  or  repaired  in  conformity  with  the  requirements  of  this  chapter,  he  shall 
issue  a  temporary  or  final  certificate  of  inspection  therefor. 

2.  Modification,  suspension  or  revocation.  The  commissioner  may  at  any  time 
by  an  order  in  writing,  for  good  cause  shown,  modify,  suspend  or  revoke  any  certificate 
of  inspection  issued  pursuant  to  this  chapter,  but  no  such  order  shall  be  effective 
unless  same  shall  state  specifically  the  reason  therefor,  nor  until  a  copy  of  such 
order  has  been  served  upon  the  owner,  lessee  or  occupant  of  the  premises  affected 
thereby;  or,  if  the  owner,  lessee  or  occupant  cannot  be  ascertained  or  located  by 
the  exercise  of  reasonable  diligence,  a  copy  of  such  notice  shall  have  been  con¬ 
spicuously  posted  upon  the  premises. 

§12.  Supplying  current. 

No  person  shall  supply  electric  current  for  light,  heat  or  power  to  any  wiring  or 
appliances  in  any  building  until  a  certificate  of  inspection,  temporary  or  final,  author¬ 
izing  the  use  of  said  wiring,  or  appliances  shall  have  been  issued  by  the  commissioner. 

§13.  Discontinuing  current. 

If,  in  the  judgment  of  the  commissioner,  after  due  inspection,  the  electric  wiring 
or  appliances  in  any  building,  shall  be  unsafe  or  dangerous  to  persons  or  property, 
the  commissioner  shall  have  power  to  cause  such  wires  or  appliances  to  be  dis¬ 
connected  from  the  supplying  wires  or  apparatus  and  to  seal  the  wiring  and  appliances 
so  disconnected.  Thereafter,  no  person  shall  cause  or  permit  electric  current  to  be 
supplied  to  wiring  or  appliances  so  sealed  until  the  same  shall  have  been  made  safe 
and  the  commissioner  shall  have  issued  a  certificate  to  that  effect;  provided,  however, 
that  no  wiring  or  appliances  shall  be  disconnected  pursuant  to  this  section  until  a 
notice  in  writing,  stating  specifically  the  reason  why  such  wiring  or  appliances  must 
be  disconnected,  shall  have  been  served  upon  the  owner,  lessee  or  occupant  of  the 
premises  affected  thereby,  or  conspicuously  posted  in  or  upon  said  premises,  and  a 
duplicate  thereof  shall  have  been  delivered  to  the  person  supplying  the  current  to 
such  wiring  or  appliances. 

ARTICLE  2. 


Section  201. 
202. 

203. 

204. 

205. 


Generators,  Motors,  Switchboards. 

Generators. 

Conductors  from  generators  to  switchboards,  rheostats,  or  other  in¬ 
struments,  and  thence  to  outside  lines. 

Switchboards. 

Resistance  devices. 

Lightning  arresters. 


169 


CHAP.  9,  ART.  2 ,  SECS.  201,  202. 


Section  206.  Care  and  attendance. 

207.  Testing  of  insulation  resistance. 

208.  Motors. 

209.  Railway  power  plants. 

210.  Storage  or  primary  batteries. 

211.  Transformers. 

§201.  Generators. 

a.  Generators  must  be  located  in  a  dry  place. 

b.  Generators  must  never  be  placed  in  a  room  where  any  hazardous  process  is 
carried  on,  nor  in  places  where  they  would  be  exposed  to  inflammable  gases  or  flyings 
of  combustible  materials. 

c.  Generators  must,  when  operating  at  a  potential  in  excess  of  550  volts,  have 
their  base  frames  permanently  and  effectively  grounded. 

Generators  must,  when  operating  at  a  potential  of  550  volts  or  less,  have  their 
base  frames  permanently  and  effectively  grounded  wherever  feasible.  Where  ground¬ 
ing  of  the  frame  is  impracticable,  special  permission  for  its  omission  may  be  given  in 
writing,  in  which  case  the  frame  must  be  permanently  and  effectively  insulated. 
Wooden  base  frames  used  for  this  purpose,  and  wooden  floors  which  are  depended 
upon  for  insulation  where,  for  any  reason,  it  is  necessary  to  omit  the  base  frames, 
must  be  kept  filled  to  prevent  absorption  of  moisture,  and  must  be  kept  clean  and  dry. 

d.  Constant  potential  generators,  except  alternating  current  machines  and  their 
exciters,  must  be  protected  from  excessive  current  by  safety  fuses  or  equivalent 
devices  of  approved  design. 

For  two-wire  D.  C.  generators,  single-pole  protection  will  be  considered  as  satisfy¬ 
ing  the  above  rule,  provided  the  safety  device  is  so  located  and  connected  that  the 
means  for  opening  same  is  actuated  by  the  entire  generator  current,  and  the  action 
thereof  will  completely  open  the  generator  circuit. 

For  three-wire  direct-current  generators  compound  or  shunt  wound,  a  safety 
device  must  be  placed  in  each  armature  lead,  and  so  connected  as  to  receive  the  entire 
current  from  the  armature.  Fuses  will  not  be  acceptable.  The  safety  device  must 
consist  of  either:  (1)  a  double  pole,  double  coil,  overload  circuit  breaker,  or  (2)  a 
four-pole  circuit  breaker  connected  in  the  main  and  equalizer  leads,  and  tripped  by 
means  of  two  overload  devices,  one  in  each  armature  lead. 

The  safety  devices  above  required  must  be  so  interlocked  that  no  one  pole  can 
be  opened  without  simultaneously  disconnecting  both  sides  of  the  armature  from  the 
system. 


e.  Generators  must  each  be  provided  with  a  name-plate,  giving  the  maker’s  name, 
the  capacity  in  volts  and  amperes,  and  the  normal  speed  in  revolutions  per  minute. 

f.  Terminal  blocks  when  used  on  generators  must  be  made  of  approved  non¬ 
combustible,  non-absorptive,  insulating  material,  such  as  slate,  marble  or  porcelain. 

g.  The  use  of  soft  rubber  bushings  to  protect  the  lead  wires  coming  through 
the  frames  of  generators  is  permitted,  except  when  installed  where  oils,  grease,  oily 
vapors  or  other  substances  known  to  have  rapid  deleterious  effect  on  rubber  are 
present  in  such  quantities  and  in  such  proximity  to  the  generator  as  may  cause  such 
bushings  to  be  liable  to  rapid  destruction.  In  such  cases  hard  wood,  properly  filled, 
or  preferably  porcelain  or  micanite  bushings  must  be  used. 

§202.  Conductors  from  generators  to  switchboards,  rheostats  or  other  instru¬ 
ments,  and  thence  to  outside  lines. 

a.  Conductors  must  be  in  plain  sight  or  readily  accessible.  Wires  from  generator 
to  switchboard  may,  however,  be  placed  in  a  run-way  in  the  brick  or  cement  pier  on 
which  the  generator  stands.  When  protection  against  moisture  is  necessary,  cable 
with  grounded  lead  sheath  or  grounded  conduit  must  be  used. 


170 


ELECTRICAL  CONTROL. 


b.  Conductors  must  have  an  approved  insulating  covering  as  called  for  in 
article  4  of  this  chapter  for  similar  work,  except  that  in  central  stations,  on  exposed 
circuits,  the  wire  which  is  used  must  have  a  heavy  braided,  non-combustible  outer 
covering.  Conductors  used  as  bus  bars  may  be  made  of  bare  metal.  Wires  with 
inflammable  outer  braiding,  when  brought  close  together,  as  in  the  rear  of  switch¬ 
boards,  must,  when  required,  be  each  surrounded  with  a  tight,  non-combustible  outer 
cover.  Flame  proofing  must  be  stripped  back  on  all  cables  a  sufficient  amount  to  give 
the  necessary  insulation  distances  for  the  voltage  of  the  circuit  on  which  the  cable  is 
used. 

c.  Conductors  must,  where  not  in  a  conduit,  be  kept  so  rigidly  in  place  that  they 
cannot  come  in  contact. 

d.  Conductors  must  in  all  other  respects  be  installed  with  the  same  precautions 
as  required  in  article  4  of  this  chapter  for  wires  carrying  a  current  of  the  same 
volume  and  potential. 

e.  In  wiring  switchboards,  the  ground  detector,  voltmeter,  pilot  lights  and  po¬ 
tential  transformers  must  be  connected  to  a  circuit  of  not  less  than  No.  14  B.  &  S. 
gauge  wire  that  is  protected  by  approved  fuses.  This  circuit  is  not  to  carry  over  660 
watts. 

For  the  protection  of  instruments  and  pilot  lights  and  switchboards,  approved  N.  E. 
Code  standard  enclosed  fuses  are  preferred,  but  approved  enclosed  fuses  of  other 
designs  of  not  over  2  amperes  capacity  may  be  used. 

§203.  Switchboards. 

a.  Switchboards  must  be  so  placed  as  to  reduce  to  a  minimum  the  danger  of 
communicating  fire  to  adjacent  combustible  material. 

Switchboards  must  not  be  built  up  to  the  ceiling,  a  space  of  3  feet  being  left, 
if  possible,  between  the  ceiling  and  the  board.  The  space  back  of  the  board  must  be 
kept  clear  of  rubbish  and  must  not  be  used  for  storage  purposes. 

b.  Switchboards  must  be  made  of  non-combustible  material. 

c.  Switchboards  must  be  accessible  from  all  sides  when  the  connections  are  on  the 
back,  but  may  be  placed  against  a  brick  or  stone  wall  when  the  wiring  is  entirely  on 
the  face. 

If  the  wiring  is  on  the  back,  there  must  be  a  clear  space  of  at  least  18  inches 
between  the  wall  and  the  apparatus  on  the  board,  and  even  if  the  wiring  is  entirely 
on  the  face,  it  is  much  better  to  have  the  board  set  out  from  the  wall. 

d.  Switchboards  must  be  kept  free  from  moisture. 

e.  Wires  with  inflammable  outer  braiding,  when  brought  close  together,  as  in 
the  rear  of  switchboards,  must,  when  required,  be  each  surrounded  with  a  tight,  non¬ 
combustible  outer  cover. 

Flame  proofing  must  be  stripped  back  on  all  cables  a  sufficient  amount  to  give 
the  necessary  insulation  distances  for  the  voltage  of  the  circuit  on  which  the  cable 
is  used. 

§204.  Resistance  devices. 

a.  Resistance  devices  must  be  placed  on  a  switchboard,  or  at  a  distance  of  at  least 
1  foot  from  combustible  material,  or  separated  therefrom  by  a  slab  or  panel  of  non¬ 
combustible,  non-absorptive  insulating  material  such  as  slate,  soapstone  or  marble, 
somewhat  larger  than  the  rheostat,  which  must  be  secured  in  position  independently 
of  the  rheostat  supports.  Bolts  for  supporting  the  rheostat  shall  be  countersunk  at 
least  1-8  inch  below  the  surface  at  the  back  of  the  slab  and  the  bolt  heads  shall  be 
covered  with  insulating  material.  For  proper  mechanical  strength,  slab  should  be  of  a 
thickness  consistent  with  the  size  and  weight  of  the  rheostat,  but  in  no  case  less  than 
Yi  inch. 


171 


CHAP.  9,  ART.  2 SECS.  205-207. 


If  resistance  devices  are  installed  in  rooms  where  dust  or  combustible  flyings 
are  liable  to  accumulate  on  them,  they  must  be  equipped  with  dust-proof  face-plates. 

b.  Where  protective  resistances  are  necessary  in  connection  with  automatic 
rheostats,  incandescent  lamps  may  be  used,  provided  that  they  do  not  carry  or  control 
the  main  current  nor  constitute  the  regulating  resistance  of  the  device. 

When  so  used,  lamps  must  be  mounted  in  porcelain  receptacles  upon  non-com¬ 
bustible  supports,  and  must  be  so  arranged  that  they  cannot  have  impressed  upon  them 
a  voltage  greater  than  that  for  which  they  are  rated.  They  must  in  all  cases  be 
provided  with  a  name-plate,  which  shall  be  permanently  attached  beside  the  porcelain 
receptacle  or  receptacles  and  stamped  with  the  wattage  and  voltage  of  the  lamp  or 
lamps  to  be  used  in  each  receptacle. 

Under  special  authorization  in  writing,  given  in  advance,  incandescent  lamps  may 
be  used  for  the  purpose  of  resistances  in  series  with  other  devices  when  mounted  in 
porcelain  receptacles  upon  non-combustible  supports  and  so  arranged  that  they  cannot 
have  impressed  upon  them  a  voltage  greater  than  that  for  which  they  are  rated. 

c.  Wherever  insulated  wire  is  used  for  connections  between  resistance  elements 
and  the  contact  device  of  a  rheostat,  the  insulation  must  be  of  approved  slow-burning 
or  other  heat-resisting  type.  For  large  rheostats  and  similar  resistances,  where  the 
contact  devices  are  not  mounted  upon  them,  the  connecting  wires  having  slow  burning 
insulation  may  be  so  arranged  in  groups  that  the  maximum  difference  of  potential  be¬ 
tween  any  two  wires  in  a  group  shall  not  exceed  75  volts.  Each  group  of  wires  must 
either  be  mounted  on  non-combustible,  non-absorptive  insulators  giving  at  least  inch 
separation  from  surface  wired  over,  or,  especially  where  it  is  necessary  to  protect  same 
from  mechanical  injury,  each  group  of  wires  may  be  encased  in  approved  flexible  tubing 
and  placed  in  approved  conduit,  the  flexible  tubing  to  extend  at  least  1  inch  beyond 
the  ends  of  the  conduit. 

§205.  Lightning  arresters. 

a.  Lightning  arresters  must  be  attached  to  each  wire  of  every  overhead  circuit 
connected  with  the  station. 

b.  Lightning  arresters  must  be  located  in  readily  accessible  places  away  from  com¬ 
bustible  materials,  and  as  near  as  practicable  to  the  point  where  the  wires  enter  the 
building. 

In  all  cases,  kinks,  coils  and  sharp  bends  in  the  wires  between  the  arresters  and 
the  outdoor  lines  must  be  avoided  as  far  as  possible. 

c.  Lightning  arresters  must  be  connected  with  a  thoroughly  good  and  permanent 
ground  connection  by  metallic  strips  or  wires  having  a  conductivity  not  less  than 
that  of  a  No.  6  B.  &  S.  gauge  copper  wire,  which  must  be  run  as  nearly  in  a  straight 
line  as  possible  from  the  arresters  to  the  ground  connection. 

Ground  wires  for  lightning  arresters  must  not  be  attached  to  gas  pipes  within  the 
buildings  nor  be  run  inside  of  iron  pipes,  unless  electrically  and  mechanically  attached 
to  both  ends  of  the  pipe. 

d.  All  choke  coils  or  other  attachments,  inherent  to  the  lightning  protection  equip¬ 
ment,  shall  have  an  insulation  from  the  ground  or  other  conductors  equal  at  least  to 
the  insulation  demanded  at  other  points  of  the  circuit  in  the  station. 

§206.  Care  and  attendance. 

a.  A  competent  man  must  be  kept  on  duty  where  generators  are  operating. 

b.  Oily  waste  must  be  kept  in  approved  waste  cans  and  removed  daily. 

§207.  Testing  of  insulation  resistance. 

a.  All  circuits  except  such  as  are  permanently  grounded  in  accordance  with 
§315  of  this  chapter  must  be  provided  with  reliable  ground  detectors.  Detectors 
which  indicate  continuously  and  give  an  instant  and  permanent  indication  of  a  ground 

172 


ELECTRICAL  CONTROL. 


are  preferable.  Ground  wires  from  detectors  must  not  be  attached  to  gas  pipes  within 
the  building. 

b.  Where  continuously  indicating  detectors  are  not  feasible  the  circuits  should 
be  tested  at  least  once  per  day,  and  preferably  oftener. 

§208.  Motors. 

a.  Motors  must,  when  operating  at  a  potential  in  excess  of  550  volts,  have  no 
exposed  live  metal  parts,  and  must  have  their  base  frames  permanently  and  effectively 
grounded. 

Motors  operating  at  a  potential  of  550  volts  or  less  must  have  their  base  frames 
permanently  and  effectively  grounded  wherever  feasible.  Where  grounding  of  the 
frame  is  impracticable,  special  permission  for  its  omission  may  be  given  in  writing, 
in  which  case  the  frame  must  be  permanently  and  effectively  insulated.  Wooden 
base  frames  used  for  this  purpose,  and  wooden  floors,  which  are  depended  upon  for 
insulation  where,  for  any  reason,  it  is  necessary  to  omit  the  base  frames,  must  be 
kept  filled  to  prevent  absorption  of  moisture,  and  must  be  kept  clean  and  dry. 

b.  Motors  operating  at  a  potential  of  550  volts  or  less  must  be  wired  with  the 
same  precautions  as  required  by  article  4  of  this  chapter,  for  wires  carrying  a  cur¬ 
rent  of  the  same  volume. 

Motors  operating  at  a  potential  between  550  and  3,500  volts  must,  except  in  cen¬ 
tral  or  sub-stations,  be  wired  with  approved  multiple  conductor,  metal  sheathed  cable 
in  approved  metal  conduit.  All  apparatus  and  wiring  connected  to  the  high  tension 
circuit  must  be  completely  enclosed  in  substantial  grounded  metal  shields  or  casings, 
and  the  conduit  must  enter  and  be  properly  secured  to  such  casings  or  to  suitable 
terminal  boxes  screwed  or  bolted  to  the  casings. 

The  insulation  of  the  several  conductors  for  high-potential  motors,  where  leaving 
the  metal  sheath  of  cables,  must  be  thoroughly  protected  from  moisture  and  me¬ 
chanical  injury.  This  may  be  accomplished  by  means  of  a  pot  head  or  some  equiva¬ 
lent  method.  The  conduit  must  be  substantially  bonded  to  the  metal  casings  of  all 
fittings  and  apparatus  connected  to  the  inside  high-tension  circuit. 

Where  outside  wires  directly  enter  the  motor  room,  special  permission,  in  writing, 
must  be  obtained  to  install  the  wires  for  high-potential  motors  according  to  the  gen¬ 
eral  rules  for  high-potential  systems. 

Conductors  carrying  the  current  of  only  one  motor  must  be  designed  to  carry 
a  current  at  least  25  per  cent,  greater  than  that  for  which  the  motor  is  rated.  Where 
the  wires  under  this  rule  would  be  overfused  in  order  to  provide  for  the  starting  cur¬ 
rent,  as  in  the  case  of  many  of  the  alternating  current  motors,  the  conductors  must 
be  of  such  size  as  to  be  properly  protected  by  these  larger  fuses. 

The  current  used  in  determining  the  size  of  the  conductor  carrying  the  current 
of  only  one  varying  (or  variable)  speed  motor  must  be  the  percentage  of  the  30- 
minute  current  rating  of  the  motor  as  given  for  the  several  classifications  of  service 
in  the  following  table: 


Percentage 
of  current 


Classification  of  Services.  rating  of 

motor. 

Operating  valves,  raising  or  lowering  rolls .  200 

Rolling  tables  .  180 

Hoist,  rolls,  ore  and  coal-handling  machines .  150 

Freight  and  passenger  elevators,  shop  cranes,  tool  heads,  pumps,  etc .  120 


c.  Each  motor  with  its  starting  device  must  be  protected  by  a  cut-out  and  con¬ 
trolled  by  a  switch  (see  §419a  of  this  chapter),  said  switch  plainly  indicating  whether 
“on”  or  “off”  (except  as  provided  for  electric  cranes,  see  §443c  of  this  chapter).  Small 

173 


CHAP.  9 ,  ART.  2,  SEC.  208. 


motors  may  be  grouped  under  the  protection  of  a  single  set  of  fuses,  provided  the  rated 
capacity  of  the  fuses  does  not  exceed  10  amperes,  and  the  total  wattage  of  the  circuit 
does  not  exceed  660.  With  motors  of  horse  power  or  less,  on  circuits  where  the 
voltage  does  not  exceed  300,  single  pole  switches  may  be  used  as  allowed  in  §424c 
of  this  chapter.  The  switch  and  rheostat  must  be  located  within  sight  of  the  motor, 
except  in  cases  where  special  permission  to  locate  them  elsewhere  is  given  in  writing. 

Where  the  circuit-breaking  attachment  on  the  motor-starting  device  disconnects 
all  wires  of  the  circuit,  the  switch  called  for  in  this  section  may  be  omitted. 

Overload-release  attachments  on  motor-starting  rheostats  will  not  be  considered 
to  take  the  place  of  the  cut-out  required  by  this  section. 

An  automatic  circuit-breaker  disconnecting  all  wires  of  the  circuit  may  serve  as 
both  switch  and  cut-out. 

Where  a  rubber-covered  conductor  carries  the  current  of  only  one  A.  C.  motor 
of  a  type  requiring  large  starting  current  it  may  be  protected  by  a  fuse  or  an  auto¬ 
matic  circuit  breaker  without  time  limit  device,  rated  in  accordance  with  Table  B 
of  §418  of  this  chapter.  The  rated  continuous  current  capacity  of  a  time  limit  circuit 
breaker  protecting  a  motor  of  the  above  type  need  not  be  greater  than  125  per  cent,  of 
the  motor  current  rating,  providing  the  time  limit  device  is  capable  of  preventing  the 
breaker  opening  during  the  starting  period. 

d.  Rheostats  must  be  so  installed  as  to  comply  with  all  the  requirements  of  §204 
of  this  chapter.  Auto  starters  must  comply  with  requirements  of  §204c  of  this 
chapter. 

Auto  starters,  unless  equipped  with  tight  casings  enclosing  all  current-carrying 
parts,  in  all  wet,  dusty  or  linty  places,  must  be  enclosed  in  approved  cut-out  boxes 
or  cabinets.  Where  there  is  any  liability  of  short  circuits  across  their  exposed  live 
parts  due  to  accidental  contacts,  a  railing  must  be  erected  around  them. 

e.  Motors  must  not  be  run  in  series-multiple  or  multiple-series,  except  on  con¬ 
stant-potential  systems,  and  then  only  by  special  permission. 

f.  Motors  must  be  covered  with  a  waterproof  cover  when  not  in  use,  and,  if 
deemed  necessary,  must  be  enclosed  in  approved  cases. 

Such  enclosures  must  be  readily  accessible,  dust-proof  and  sufficiently  ventilated 
to  prevent  an  excessive  rise  of  temperature.  Where  practicable  the  sides  should  be 
made  largely  of  glass,  so  that  the  motor  may  be  always  plainly  visible. 

The  use  of  enclosed  type  mofors  is  recommended  in  dusty  places,  being  preferable 
to  wooden  boxing. 

Where  deemed  necessary,  motors  permanently  located  on  wooden  floors  must  be 
provided  with  suitable  drip  pans. 

h.  Motors  must  each  be  provided  with  a  name-plate,  giving  the  maker’s  name, 
the  capacity  in  volts  and  amperes  (or  watts),  and  the  normal  speed  in  revolutions  per 
minute. 

All  varying  (or  variable)  speed  motors  except  those  used  for  railway  service 
must  be  marked  with  the  maximum  current  which  they  can  safely  carry  for  30  min¬ 
utes,  starting  cold. 

i.  Terminal  blocks,  when  used  on  motors,  must  be  made  of  approved  non-com¬ 
bustible,  non-absorptive  insulating  material,  such  as  slate,  marble,  or  porcelain. 

j.  Adjustable-speed  motors,  unless  of  special  and  appropriate  design,  if  controlled 
by  means  of  field  regulation,  must  be  so  arranged  and  connected  that  they  cannot 
be  started  under  weakened  field. 

k.  The  use  of  soft  rubber  bushings  to  protect  the  lead  wires  coming  through 
the  frame  of  motors  is  permitted,  except  when  installed  where  oils,  grease,  oily  vapors 
or  other  substances  known  to  have  rapid  deleterious  effect  on  rubber  are  present  in 
such  quantities  and  in  such  proximity  to  motors  as  may  cause  such  bushings  to  be 


174 


ELECTRICAL  CONTROL. 


liable  to  rapid  destruction.  In  such  cases  hardwood  properly  filled,  or  preferably 
porcelain  or  micanite  bushings,  must  be  used. 

§209.  Railway  power  plants. 

a.  Each  feed  wire  before  it  leaves  the  power  plant  must  be  protected  by  an 
approved  automatic  circuit-breaker,  or  other  device,  which  will  immediately  cut  off  the 
current  in  case  of  an  accidental  ground.  This  device  must  be  mounted  on  a  fireproof 
base,  and  in  full  view  and  reach  of  the  attendant. 

§210.  Storage  or  primary  batteries. 

a.  When  current  for  light  and  power  is  taken  from  primary  or  secondary  bat¬ 
teries,  the  same  general  regulations  must  be  observed  as  apply  to  similar  apparatus 
fed  from  generators  developing  the  same  difference  of  potential. 

b.  Storage  battery  rooms  must  be  thoroughly  ventilated. 

c.  Special  attention  is  directed  to  the  rules  for  wiring  in  rooms  where  acid 
fumes  exist  (see  §426,  i,  j,  of  this  chapter). 

d.  All  secondary  batteries  must  be  mounted  on  non-absorptive,  non-combustible 
insulators,  such  as  glass  or  thoroughly,  vitrified  and  glazed  porcelain. 

e.  The  use  of  any  metal  liable  to  corrosion  must  be  avoided  in  cell  connections 
of  secondary  batteries. 

§211.  Transformers. 

a.  In  central  or  sub-stations  the  transformers  must  be  so  placed  that  smoke 
from  the  burning  out  of  the  coils  or  the  boiling  over  of  the  oil  (where  oil-filled  cases 
are  used)  can  do  no  harm. 

b.  In  central  or  sub-stations  casings  of  all  transformers  must  be  permanently  and 
effectively  grounded. 

The  cases  or  frames  of  transformers  used  exclusively  to  supply  current  to  switch¬ 
board  instruments  must  be  grounded,  unless  they  are  installed  and  guarded  in  all 
respects  as  required  for  the  higher  voltage  circuit  connected  to  them. 


ARTICLE  3. 


Outside  Work. 


Section  312. 

313. 

314. 

315. 


Wires  on  outside  of  buildings. 
Services. 

Transformers. 

Grounding  low-potential  circuits. 


§312.  Wires  on  outside  of  buildings. 

a.  This  article  shall  not  apply  to  conductors  on  highways. 

b.  Wires  must,  for  services  of  No.  6  B.  &  S.  gauge  or  smaller,  consist  of  ap¬ 
proved  rubber  covered  multiple  conductor  cable  and  must  enter  the  building  in  the 
manner  prescribed  by  the  second  paragraph  of  §312f  of  this  chapter.  At  the  first 
point  of  attachment  to  building  frame,  multiple  conductor  cables  must  either  be  secured 
to  strain  insulators  spaced  not  less  than  one  foot  from  any  adjacent  woodwork  and  in 
turn  secured  to  petticoat  or  strain  insulators,  or  the  conductor  must  be  separately 
attached  to  petticoat  insulators  spaced  not  less  than  6  inches  apart.  If  necessary  to 
carry  the  service  cable  upon  the  face  of  the  building  before  entering,  it  may  be  ex¬ 
tended  in  flexible  metal  conduit,  or  a  waterproof  conduit  system  must  be  employed. 

c.  Wires  must  be  at  least  8  feet  above  the  highest  point  of  roofs  over  which 
they  pass  or  to  which  they  are  attached  and  roof  structures  must  be  substantially 
constructed.  Wherever  feasible,  wires  crossing  buildings  must  be  supported  on  poles 
independent  of  the  buildings.  Roof  lines  will  be  permitted  only  under  special  authori¬ 
zation  in  writing. 


175 


CHAP.  9,  ART.  3 ,  SECS.  313-315. 


d.  Wires  extended  on  the  exterior  walls  of  buildings  must  have  a  rubber  insu¬ 
lating  covering,  and,  if  not  protected  by  fuses,  must  be  kept  at  least  1  foot  apart  and 
supported  on  petticoat  insulators  of  glass  or  porcelain  placed  not  more  than  15  feet 
apart,  the  distance  between  supports  to  be  shortened  if  wires  are  liable  to  be  dis¬ 
turbed. 

e.  Wires  must  be  so  spliced  or  joined  as  to  be  both  mechanically  and  electri¬ 
cally  secure  without  solder.  The  joints  must  then  be  soldered,  to  insure  preserva¬ 
tion,  and  covered  with  an  insulation  equal  to  that  on  the  conductors. 

All  joints  must  be  soldered  unless  made  with  some  form  of  approved  splicing 
device. 

f.  Wires  must,  where  they  enter  buildings,  have  drip  loops  outside,  and  the 
holes  through  which  the  conductors  pass  must  be  bushed  with  non-combustible,  non- 
absorptive  insulating  tubes,  slanting  upward  toward  the  inside;  or  the  service  wires 
may  be  brought  into  buildings  through  a  single  iron  conduit,  in  which  case  the  con¬ 
duit  shall  be  equipped  with  an  approved  service-head.  The  inner  end  must  extend 
to  the  service  cut-out,  and  if  a  cabinet  is  required  by  this  chapter  must  properly  enter 
the  cabinet. 

Metal  conduits  containing  service  wires  must  be  insulated  from  the  metal  con¬ 
duit,  metal  moulding,  or  armored  cable  system  within  the  building  and  all  metal  work 
on  or  in  the  building,  or  they  must  have  the  metal  of  the  conduit  permanently  and 
effectually  grounded  to  water  piping,  gas  piping  or  other  suitable  grounds,  provided 
that  when  connections  are  made  to  gas  piping,  they  must  be  on  the  street  side  of  the 
meter.  This  ground  connection  to  be  independent  of  and  in  addition  to  any  other 
ground  wire  on  metal  conduit,  metal  moulding  or  armored  cable  systems  within  the 
building. 

§313.  Services. 

a.  Each  building  shall  be  supplied  by  a  separate  service. 

b.  Where  a  row  of  separate  buildings  is  to  receive  its  supply  from  an  overhead 
main,  one  service  cable  shall  be  run  from  the  pole  to  the  row,  and  from  the  first  at¬ 
tachment  to  the  building  sub-services  or  a  service  main  shall  extend  in  conduit  along 
the  face  of  the  row.  One  service  cable  shall  supply  not  more  than  5  buildings, 
except  under  special  permission  in  writing,  given  in  advance. 

The  same  plan  of  sub-services  may  be  employed  in  connection  with  underground 
services,  under  the  same  restrictions. 

§314.  Transformers. 

a.  Transformers  must  not  be  attached  to  any  building  when  the  potential  exceeds 
550  volts,  except  by  special  permission,  and  when  attached  to  buildings  must  be 
separated  therefrom  by  substantial  supports. 

§315.  Grounding  low=potentiaI  circuits. 

a.  Direct-current  three-wire  systems.  Neutral  wire  must  (except  where  supplied 
from  private  industrial  power  or  lighting  plants  where  the  voltage  does  not  exceed 
550  volts)  be  grounded  and  the  following  rules  must  be  complied  with : 

1.  The  neutral  wire  must  be  permanently  and  effectively  grounded  at  the  central 
station.  The  ground  connection  must  include  all  available  underground  complete 
metallic  piping  systems. 

2.  In  underground  systems  the  neutral  wire  must  also  be  grounded  at  each  dis¬ 
tributing  box  through  the  box  or  on  the  individual  service  as  provided  in  paragraphs 
c  to  g,  inclusive,  of  this  section. 


176 


ELECTRICAL  CONTROL. 


3.  In  overhead  systems  the  neutral  wire  must  be  grounded  every  500  feet,  as 
provided  in  paragraphs  c  to  g  of  this  section. 

b.  Alternating-current  secondary  systems.  Transformer  secondaries  of  distribut¬ 
ing  systems  (except  where  supplied  from  private  industrial  power  or  lighting  plants 
where  the  primary  voltage  does  not  exceed  550  volts)  must  be  grounded,  provided 
the  maximum  difference  of  potential  between  the  grounded  point  and  any  other  point 
in  the  circuit  does  not  exceed  320  volts.  The  following  rules  must  be  complied 
with : 

1.  The  grounding  must  be  made  at  the  neutral  point  or  wire,  whenever  a  neutral 
point  or  wire  is  accessible. 

2.  When  no  neutral  point  or  wire  is  accessible,  one  side  of  the  secondary  circuit 
must  be  grounded. 

3.  The  ground  connection  must  be  at  the  transformers  or  on  the  individual 
service,  as  provided  in  paragraphs  c  to  g  of  this  section,  and  when  transformers  feed 
systems  with  a  neutral  wire,  the  neutral  wire  must  also  be  grounded  at  least  every 
500  feet. 

c.  Ground  wire,  in  buildings.  When  the  ground  connection  is  inside  of  any 
building,  or  the  ground  wire  is  inside  of  or  attached  to  any  building  (except  central 
or  sub-stations)  the  ground  wire  must  be  of  copper  and  have  an  approved  rubber 
insulating  covering,  National  Electrical  Code  Standard,  for  from  0  to  600  volts. 

d.  Ground  wire,  sizes.  The  ground  wire  in  direct-current  three-wire  systems 
must  not  at  central  stations  be  smaller  than  the  neutral  wire  and  not  smaller  than 
No.  6  B.  &  S.  gage  elsewhere.  The  ground  wire  in  alternating  current  systems  must 
never  be  less  than  No.  6  B.  &  S.  gauge. 

On  three-phase  systems  the  ground  wire  must  have  a  carrying  capacity  equal  to 
that  of  any  one  of  the  three  mains. 

e.  Ground  wire,  installation.  The  ground  wire  must,  except  for  central  stations 
and  transformer  sub-stations,  be  kept  outside  of  buildings  as  far  as  practicable,  but 
may  be  directly  attached  to  the  building  or  pole  by  cleats  or  straps  or  on  porcelain 
knobs.  Staples  must  never  be  used.  The  wire  must  be  carried  in  as  nearly  a  straight 
line  as  practicable,  avoiding  kinks,  coils  and  sharp  bends,  and  must  be  protected  when 
exposed  to  mechanical  injury. 

f.  Ground  connections,  central  stations.  The  ground  connections  for  central 
stations,  transformer  sub-stations,  and  banks  of  transformers  must  be  permanent  and 
effective  and  must  include  all  lvailable  underground  piping  systems,  including  the 
lead  sheaths  of  underground  cables. 

g.  Ground  connections,  generally.  For  individual  transformers  and  building  ser¬ 
vices  the  ground  connection  may  be  made  as  in  paragraph  f  of  this  section,  or  may 
be  made  to  water  piping  systems  running  into  buildings. 

With  overhead  service,  this  connection  may  be  made  by  carrying  the  ground  wire 
into  the  cellar  and  connecting  on  the  street  side  of  meters,  main  cocks,  etc. 

Where  the  service  enters  the  cellar  or  basement,  this  connection  may  be  made  by 
carrying  the  ground  wire  through  the  cellar  or  basement  and  connecting  as  above. 

Where  the  ground  wire  is  run  through  any  part  of  a  building,  unless  run  in 
approved  conduit,  it  shall  be  protected  by  porcelain  bushings  through  walls  or  partitions 
and  shall  be  run  in  approved  moulding,  except  that  in  basements  it  may  be  supported 
on  porcelain. 

Connections  should  not  be  made  to  piping  systems  which  have  cement  joints,  but 
should  only  be  made  to  complete  metallic  pipe  systems. 


177 


CHAP.  9,  ART.  4,  SEC.  416. 


ARTICLE  4. 
Inside  Work. 


Section  416. 

Wires,  general. 

417. 

Underground  conductors. 

418. 

Table  of  allowable  carrying  capacities  of  wires. 

419. 

Switches,  cutouts,  circuit-breakers. 

420. 

Limitation  of  potential. 

421. 

Arc  lamps. 

423. 

Automatic  cutouts  (fuses  and  circuit-breakers). 

424. 

Switches. 

425. 

Electric  heaters. 

426. 

Wires,  low  potential  systems. 

427. 

Armored  cables. 

428. 

Interior  conduits. 

429. 

Metal  mouldings. 

430. 

Fixtures. 

431. 

Sockets. 

432. 

Flexible  cord. 

433. 

Arc  lamps  on  constant-potential  circuits. 

434. 

Vapor  lamps. 

435. 

Gas-filled  incandescent  lamps. 

436. 

Transformers,  low  potential. 

437. 

Decorative  lighting  systems. 

438. 

Theatre  and  moving  picture  establishment  wiring. 

439. 

Outline  lighting. 

441. 

Lighting  and  power  from  railway  wires. 

442. 

Garages. 

443. 

Electric  cranes. 

444. 

Wires,  high  potential  systems. 

445. 

Transformers,  high  potential. 

447. 

Wires,  extra-high  potential. 

§416.  Wires,  general. 

a.  Wires  must  not  be  of  smaller  size  than  No.  14  B.  &  S.  gauge,  except  as 
allowed  for  fixture  work  and  pendant  cord. 

b.  Conductors  of  size  No.  8  B.  &  S.  gauge  or  over  used  in  connection  with  solid 
knobs  must  be  securely  tied  thereto.  If  wires  are  used  for  tying  they  must  have  an 
insulation  of  the  same  type  as  the  conductors  they  confine.  Split  knobs  or  cleats  must 
be  used  for  the  support  of  conductors  smaller  than  No.  8  B.  &  S.  gauge. 

Knobs  or  cleats  which  are  arranged  to  grip  the  wire  must  be  fastened  by  either 
screws  or  nails.  If  nails  are  used,  they  must  be  long  enough  to  penetrate  the  wood¬ 
work  not  less  than  the  length  of  the  knob  and  fully  the  thickness  of  the  cleat,  and 
must  be  provided  with  washers  which  will  prevent,  under  reasonable  usage,  injury 
to  the  knobs  or  cleats. 

c.  Wires  must  be  so  spliced  or  joined  as  to  be  both  mechanically  and  electrically 
secure  without  solder.  The  joints  must  then  be  soldered  unless  made  with  some 
form  of  approved  splicing  device,  and  covered  with  an  insulation  equal  to  that  on  the 
conductors. 

Stranded  wires  (except  in  flexible  cords)  must  be  soldered  before  being  fastened 
under  clamps  or  binding  screws,  and  whether  stranded  or  solid,  when  they  have  a 
conductivity  greater  than  that  of  No.  8  B.  &  S.  gauge  they  must  be  soldered  into  lugs 
for  all  terminal  connections,  except  where  an  approved  solderless  terminal  connector 
is  used. 


178 


ELECTRICAL  CONTROL . 


d.  Wires  must  be  separated  from  contact  with  walls,  floors,  timbers  or  partitions 
through  which  they  may  pass  by  non-combustible,  non-absorptive  insulating  tubes, 
such  as  glass  or  porcelain,  except  at  outlets  where  approved  flexible  tubing  is  required. 

Bushings  must  be  long  enough  to  bush  the  entire  length  of  the  hole  in  one  con¬ 
tinuous  piece,  or  else  the  hole  must  first  be  bushed  by  a  continuous  waterproof  tube. 
This  tube  may  be  a  conductor,  such  as  iron  pipe,  but  in  that  case  an  insulating  bush¬ 
ing  must  be  pushed  into  each  end  of  it,  extending  far  enough  to  keep  the  wire  abso¬ 
lutely  out  of  contact  with  the  pipe. 

e.  Where  not  enclosed  in  approved  conduit,  moulding  or  armored  cable,  and 
where  liable  to  come  in  contact  with  gas,  water  or  other  metallic  piping  or  other  con¬ 
ducting  material,  wires  must  be  separated  therefrom  by  some  continuous  and  firmly 
fixed  non-conductor  creating  a  permanent  separation.  Must  not  come  nearer  than  2 
inches  to  any  other  electric  lighting,  power  or  signaling  wire,  not  enclosed  as  above, 
without  being  permanently  separated  therefrom  by  some  continuous  and  firmly 
fixed  non-conductor.  The  non-conductor  used  as  a  separator  must  be  in  addition  to 
the  regular  insulation  on  the  wires.  Where  tubes  are  used  they  must  be  securely 
fastened  at  the  ends  to  prevent  them  from  moving  along  the  wire. 

Deviations  from  this  rule  may,  when  necessary,  be  allowed  by  special  permission. 

f.  Wires  must  be  so  placed  in  wet  places  that  an. air  space  will  be  left  between 
conductors  and  pipes  in  crossing,  and  the  former  must  be  run  in  such  a  way  that  they 
cannot  come  in  contact  with  the  pipe  accidentally.  Wires  should  be  run  over,  rather 
than  under,  pipes  upon  which  moisture  is  likely  to  gather  or  which,  by  leaking,  might 
cause  trouble  on  a  circuit. 

g.  The  installation  of  electrical  conductors  in  moulding,  or  on  insulators,  in 
elevator  shafts  will  not  be  approved,  but  conductors  may  be  installed  in  such  shafts 
if  encased  in  approved  metal  conduits  or  armored  cables. 

h.  In  three-wire  (not  three-phase)  systems,  the  neutral  must  be  of  sufficient 
capacity  to  carry  the  maximum  current  to  which  it  may  be  subjected. 

§417.  Underground  conductors. 

a.  Underground  conductors  must  be  protected  against  moisture  and  mechanical 
injury  where  brought  into  a  building,  and  all  combustible  material  must  be  kept  from 
the  immediate  vicinity. 

b.  Underground  conductors  must  not  be  so  arranged  as  to  shunt  the  current 
through  a  building  around  any  catch-box. 

c.  Where  underground  service  enters  building  through  tubes,  the  tubes  shall  be 
tightly  closed  at  outlets  with  asphaltum  or  other  non-conductor,  to  prevent  gases  from 
entering  the  building  through  such  channels. 

d.  No  underground  service  from  a  subway  to  a  building  and  no  service  from  a 
private  generating  plant  shall  supply  more  than  one  building,  except  by  special  per¬ 
mission,  unless  the  conductors  are  properly  protected  by  fuses  and  are  carried  outside 
all  the  buildings  but  the  one  served.  Where  one  or  more  buildings  are  supplied  from 
another,  the  conductors  are  to  be  carried  outside  the  buildings.  Conductors  carried 
under  2  inches  of  concrete  under  a  building  or  buried  back  of  2  inches  of  concrete 
or  brick  within  a  wall  are  considered  as  lying  outside  the  building.  These  require¬ 
ments  do  not  apply  to  factory  yards  and  factory  buildings  under  single  occupancy  or 
management. 

§418.  Table  of  allowable  carrying  capacities  of  wires. 

a.  The  following  table,  showing  the  allowable  carrying  capacities  of  copper  wires 
and  cables  of  98  per  cent,  conductivity,  according  to  the  standard  adopted  by  the 
American  Institute  of  Electrical  Engineers,  must  be  followed  in  placing  interior 
conductors. 


179 


CHAP.  9,  ART.  4,  SRC.  419. 


For  insulated  aluminum  wire  the  safe  carrying  capacity  is  84  per  cent,  of  that 
given  in  the  following  table  for  copper  wire  with  the  same  kind  of  insulation : 


B.&S. 

Gauge 

Number. 

Diameter 
of  Solid 
Wire 
in  Mils. 

Area  in 
Circular 
Mils. 

Table  A. 
Rubber 
Insulation 
Amperes. 

Table  B. 
Other 
Insulation 
Amperes. 

18 . 

40.3 

1,624 

3 

5 

16 . 

50.8 

2,583 

6 

10 

14 . 

64.1 

4,107 

15 

20 

12 . 

80.8 

6,530 

20 

25 

10 . . 

101.9 

10,380 

25 

30 

8 . 

128.5 

16,510 

35 

50 

6 . 

162.0 

26,250 

50 

70 

5 . 

181.9 

33,100 

55 

80 

4 . 

204.3 

41,740 

70 

90 

3. . 

229.4 

52,630 

80 

100 

2 . 

257.6 

66,370 

90 

125 

1 . 

289.3 

83,690 

100 

150 

0 . 

325. 

105,500 

125 

200 

00 . 

364.8 

133,100 

150 

225 

000 . 

409.6 

167,800 

175 

275 

200,000 

200 

300 

0000 . 

460. 

211,600 

225 

325 

300,000 

275 

400 

1  i 

400,000 

325 

500 

Ml 

500,000 

400 

600 

600,000 

450 

680 

v !  ,i 

700,000 

500 

760 

-) 

800,000 

550 

840 

900,000 

600 

920 

1,000,000 

650 

1,000 

1,100,000 

690 

1,080 

-  j 

1,200,000 

730 

1,150 

1,300,000 

770 

1,220 

•  •  •  •  '•  ^  '  :  :  ’ 

1,400,000 

810 

1,290 

1,500,000 

850 

1,360 

1,600,000 

890 

1,430 

1,700,000 

930 

1,490 

1,800,000 

970 

1,550 

1,900,000 

1,010 

1,610 

2,000,000 

1,050 

1,670 

1  Mil.  =  0.001  inch. 

§419.  Switches,  cut-outs,  circuit-breakers,  etc. 

a.  On  constant-potential  circuits,  all  service  switches  and  all  switches  controlling 
circuits  supplying  current  to  motors  or  heating  devices,  and  all  fuses,  unless  otherwise 
provided  (for  exceptions  as  to  switches  see  §§208c,  425a  and  443c  of  this  chapter; 
for  exceptions  as  to  cut-outs  see  §423,  a  b  of  this  chapter)  must  be  so  arranged  that 
the  fuses  will  protect  and  the  opening  of  the  switch  will  disconnect  all  of  the  wires; 
that  is,  in  the  two-wire  system  the  2  wires,  and  in  the  three-wire  system  the 

180 


ELECTRICAL  CONTROL . 


3  wires,  must  be  protected  by  the  fuses  and  disconnected  by  the  Operation  of  the 
switch. 

When  installed  without  other  automatic  overload  protective  devices  automatic 
overload  circuit  breakers  must  have  the  poles  and  trip  coils  so  arranged  as  to  afford 
complete  protection  against  overloads  and  short  circuits.  In  2  or  3  phase  three- 
wire  circuits  and  2-phase  four-wire  circuits  there  must  be  a  trip-coil  in  each  of 
2  phases,  and  in  four-wire  3-phase  circuits  there  must  be  a  trip-coil  in  each  phase. 
If  a  circuit  breaker  is  used  in  place  of  the  switch  it  must  be  so  arranged  that  no  one 
pole  can  be  opened  manually  without  disconnecting  all  the  wires. 

This,  of  course,  does  not  apply  to  the  grounded  circuit  of  street  railway  systems. 

b.  Switches,  cut-outs  and  circuit-breakers  must,  when  placed  where  exposed  to 
mechanical  injury  or  in  the  immediate  vicinity  of  easily  ignitable  stuff  or  where  ex¬ 
posed  to  inflammable  gases  or  dust,  or  flyings  of  combustible  material,  be  mounted 
in  approved  cut-out  boxes  or  cabinets,  except  oil  switches,  circuit  breakers  and  similar 
devices  which  have  approved  casings. 

Cabinets  and  cut-out  boxes  must  be  of  metal  when  used  with  metal  conduit, 
armored  cable  or  metal  moulding  systems. 

In  rooms  where  inflammable  gases  may  exist,  particularly  in  rooms  or  compart¬ 
ments  containing  mixing  tanks  used  for  the  manufacture  of  inflammable  mixtures, 
in  rooms  containing  wash  tanks  and  in  dyeing  room  of  dry  cleaning  and  dry  dyeing 
establishments;  in  rooms,  vaults  or  compartments  used  for  the  storage  of  inflam¬ 
mable  motion  picture  films  or  other  nitro-cellulose  products,  and  in  cellars  or  base¬ 
ments  used  for  storage  of  drugs,  all  devices  which  produce  or  create  sparks  or  arcs 
must  be  placed  in  approved  vapor-proof  enclosures. 

c.  Switches,  cut-outs  and  circuit-breakers  must,  when  located  where  exposed 
to  moisture  as  in  basements  and  similar  places,  be  mounted  in  approved  cut-out  boxes 
or  cabinets,  and  when  located  in  wet  places  or  outside  of  buildings  must  be  mounted 
in  approved  weatherproof  cut-out  boxes  or  cabinets. 

d.  Time  switches,  sign  flashers  and  similar  appliances  must  be  of  approved 
design  and  enclosed  in  approved  cabinets,  except  sign  flashers  mounted  as  described 
in  §583b  of  this  chapter. 

e.  Switches,  cut-outs  and  circuit-breakers  must  have  the  spacing  within  cabinets 
or  cut-out  boxes  between  the  walls  of  the  cabinet  or  cut-out  box  and  current-carrying 
parts  of  devices  as  specified  in  §570  of  this  chapter. 

§420.  Limitation  of  potential. 

The  installation  in  any  building,  except  a  central  station,  or  a  sub-station,  or  a 
transformer  vault,  of  electric  light  or  power  wiring  or  appliances  operating  at  a 
potential  in  excess  of  750  volts  is  prohibited. 

§421.  Arc  lamps. 

Arc  lamps  must  be  provided  at  all  times  with  glass  globes  surrounding  the  arc 
and  securely  fastened  in  place.  Broken  or  cracked  globes  must  not  be  used.  Globes 
must  be  provided  with  wire  netting  having  a  m£sh  not  exceeding  1%  inches.  The 
netting  may  be  omitted  where  tight  inner  globes  are  employed. 

§423.  Automatic  cut=outs  (fuses  and  circuit=breakers). 

a.  Automatic  cut-outs  must  be  placed  on  all  service  wires,  either  overhead  or 
underground,  in  the  nearest  accessible  place  to  the  point  where  they  enter  the  building 
and  inside  the  walls,  and  arranged  to  cut  off  the  entire  current  from  the  building. 
Departure  from  this  rule  may  be  authorized  only  under  special  permission  in  writing. 

Where  the  switch  required  by  §424a  of  this  chapter  is  inside  the  building,  the 
cut-out  required  by  this  section  must  be  placed  so  as  to  protect  it,  unless  the  switch  is 


181 


CHAP.  9,  ART.  4,  SEC.  423. 


of  the  knife-blade  type  and  is  enclosed  in  an  approved  box  or  cabinet,  under  which 
conditions  the  switch  may  be  placed  between  the  source  of  the  supply  and  the  cut-out. 

Automatic  cut-outs  must  not  be  placed  in  any  permanently  grounded  service  wire. 

In  risks  having  private  plants,  the  yard  wires  running  from  building  to  building 
are  not  considered  as  service  wires,  so  that  cut-outs  would  not  be  required  where 
the  wires  enter  buildings,  provided  that  the  next  fuse  back  is  small  enough  to  properly 
protect  the  wires  inside  the  building  in  question. 

b.  Automatic  cut-outs  must  be  placed  at  every  point  where  a  change  is  made  in 
the  size  of  wire,  unless  the  cut-out  in  the  larger  wire  will  protect  the  smaller  (see 
§418  of  this  chapter).  This  requirement  shall  not  apply  to  fixture  wires  and  flexible 
cords  connected  to  branch  circuits. 

Automatic  cut-outs  must  not  be  placed  in  any  permanently  grounded  wire,  except 
as  provided  in  paragraph  d  of  this  section. 

c.  Automatic  cut-outs  must  be  in  plain  sight  or  enclosed  in  an  approved  cabinet, 
and  readily  accessible.  They  must  not  be  placed  in  the  canopies  or  shells  of  fixtures. 

Link  fuses  may  be  used  only  when  mounted  on  approved  bases  which,  except  on 
switchboards,  must  be  mounted  in  approved  cut-out  boxes  or  cabinets.  A  space  of  at 
least  2  inches  must  be  provided  between  the  open-link  fuses  and  metal,  or  metal  lined 
walls,  or  metal,  metal  lined  or  glass  paneled  doors  of  cabinet  or  cut-out  boxes. 

d.  Automatic  cut-outs  must  be  so  placed  that  no  set  of  small  motors,  small  heat¬ 
ing  devices  or  incandescent  lamps,  whether  grouped  on  one  fixture  or  on  several 
fixtures  or  pendants  (nor  more  than  16  medium  base  sockets  or  25  candelabra  base 
sockets  or  lamp  receptacles)  requiring  more  than  660  watts  will  be  dependent  upon 
one  cut-out. 

By  special  permission,  in  cases  where  wiring  equal  in  size  and  insulation  to  No. 
14  B.  &  S.  gauge  approved  rubber-covered  wire  is  carried  direct  into  keyless  sockets 
or  receptacles,  and  where  the  location  of  sockets  and  the  receptacles  is  such  as  to 
render  unlikely  the  attachment  of  flexible  cords  thereto,  the  circuits  may  be  so  ar¬ 
ranged  that  not  more  than  1,320  watts  (or  32  sockets  or  lamp  receptacles)  will  be 
dependent  upon  the  final  cut-out. 

Except  for  signs  and  outline  lighting,  sockets  and  lamp  receptacles  will  be  consid¬ 
ered  as  requiring  not  less  than  40  watts  each  if  of  medium  size,  or  25  watts  if  of  can¬ 
delabra  size. 

All  wires  of  all  branches  or  taps  which  are  directly  connected  to  lamp  sockets  or 
other  translating  devices,  must  be  protected  by  proper  fuses,  except  that  by  special 
permission  in  writing  fuses  may  be  omitted  in  grounded  wires  of  such  branches  or 
taps. 

The  above  shall  also  apply  to  motors,  except  that  small  motors  may  be  grouped 
under  the  protection  of  a  single  set  of  fuses,  provided  the  rated  capacity  of  the  fuses 
does  not  exceed  10  amperes. 

When  1,320  watts  are  dependent  upon  one  fusible  cut-out,  as  is  allowed  in  theatre 
wiring,  outline  lighting,  signs  and  large  chandeliers,  the  fuses  may  be  in  accordance 
with  the  following  table : 

125  volts  or  less  .  20  amperes 

125  to  250  volts  .  10  amperes 

e.  The  rated  capacity  of  fuses  must  not  exceed  the  allowable  carrying  capacity  of 
the  wires  as  given  in  §418  of  this  chapter.  Circuit-breakers  must  not  be  set  more 
than  30  per  cent,  above  allowable  carrying  capacity  of  the  wire,  unless  a  fusible  cut-out 
is  also  installed  on  the  circuit. 

Where  a  rubber-covered  conductor  carries  the  current  of  only  1  A.  C.  motor 
of  a  type  requiring  large  starting  current,  it  may  be  protected  by  a  fuse  or  an  auto¬ 
matic  circuit  breaker  without  time  limit  device,  rated  in  accordance  with  Table  B 

182 


ELECTRICAL  CONTROL. 


of  §418  of  this  chapter.  The  rated  continuous  current  capacity  of  a  time  limit  circuit- 
breaker  protecting  a  motor  of  the  above  type  need  not  be  greater  than  125  per  cent,  of 
the  motor  current  rating,  provided  the  time  limit  device  is  capable  of  preventing  the 
breaker  opening  during  the  starting  period. 

For  the  protection  of  wires  having  safe  carrying  capacities  exceeding  the  rated 
capacity  of  the  largest  approved  enclosed  type  fuses,  approved  enclosed  fuses  arranged 
in  multiple  may  be  used,  provided  as  few  fuses  as  possible  are  used  and  the  fuses 
are  of  equal  capacity  and  provided  the  cut-out  terminals  are  mounted  on  a  single 
continuous  pair  of  substantial  bus  bars.  The  total  capacity  of  the  fuses  should  not 
exceed  the  safe  carrying  capacity  of  the  wires.  This  does  not  apply  to  motor  circuits. 

f.  Each  wire  of  motor  circuits  except  on  main  switchboard  or  when  otherwise 
subject  to  competent  supervision,  must  be  protected  by  an  approved  fuse  whether  auto¬ 
matic  overload  circuit  breakers  are  installed  or  not-  Single-phase  motors  may  have 
one  side  protected  by  an  approved  automatic  overload  circuit-breaker  only,  if  the  other 
side  is  protected  by  an  approved  fuse. 

Circuit  breakers  will  be  approved  for  circuits  having  a  maximum  capacity  greater 
than  that  for  which  approved  enclosed  fuses  are  rated. 

§424.  Switches. 

a.  Switches  must  be  placed  on  all  service  wires,  either  overhead  or  underground, 
in  the  nearest  readily  accessible  place  to  the  point  where  the  wires  enter  the  building, 
and  arranged  to  cut  off  the  entire  current.  Departure  from  this  rule  may  be  author¬ 
ized  only  under  special  permission  in  writing. 

Service  cut-out  and  switch  must  be  arranged  to  cut  off  current  from  all  devices 
including  meters.  Service  switches  must  indicate  plainly  whether  they  are  open  or 
closed. 

In  risks  having  private  plants  the  yard  wires  running  from  building  to  building  are 
not  considered  as  service  wires,  so  that  switches  would  not  be  required  in  each  building 
if  there  are  other  switches  conveniently  located  on  the  mains  or  if  the  generators  are 
near  at  hand. 

b.  Switches  must  always  be  placed  in  dry,  accessible  places,  and  be  grouped  as  far 
as  possible  (see  §419c  of  this  chapter).  Single-throw  knife  switches  must  be  so  placed 
that  gravity  will  not  tend  to  close  them.  Double-throw  knife  switches  may  be  mounted 
so  that  the  throw  will  be  either  vertical  or  horizontal  as  preferred,  but  if  the  throw 
be  vertical  a  locking  device  must  be  provided,  so  constructed  as  to  insure  the  blades 
remaining  in  the  open  position  when  so  set. 

When  practicable,  switches  must  be  so  wired  that  blades  will  be  “dead”  when 
switch  is  open. 

When  switches  are  used  in  rooms  where  combustible  flyings  would  be  likely  to 
accumulate  around  them,  they  must  be  enclosed  in  dust-tight  cabinets. 

c.  Single-pole  switches  must  never  be  used  as  service  switches,  nor  for  the  control 
of  outdoor  signs  or  circuits  located  in  damp  places,  nor  placed  in  the  neutral  wire  of 
a  three-wire  system,  except  in  the  two-wire  branch  or  tap  circuit  supplying  not  more 
than  660  watts. 

This,  Of  course,  does  not  apply  to  the  grounded  circuits  of  street  railway  systems. 

Three-way  switches  are  considered  as  single  pole  switches. 

d.  Where  flush  switches  or  receptacles  are  used,  whether  with  conduit  systems  or 
not,  they  must  be  enclosed  in  an  approved  box  constructed  of  iron  or  steel,  in  addition 
to  the  porcelain  enclosure  of  the  switch  or  receptacle.  Where  at  floor  outlets,  attach¬ 
ment  plugs  are  liable  to  mechanical  injury,  or  the  presence  of  moisture  is  probable, 
floor  outlet  boxes  especially  designed  for  this  purpose  must  be  used. 

e.  Sub-bases  of  non-combustible,  non-absorptive,  insulating  material,  which  will 
separate  the  wires  at  least  V2  inch  from  the  surface  wired  over,  must  be  installed 

183 


CHAP.  9,  ART.  4,  SECS.  425,  426. 


under  all  snap  switches  used  in  exposed  knob  and  cleat  work.  Sub-bases  must  also  be 
used  in  moulding  work  unless  the  switch  is  approved  for  mounting  directly  on  the 
moulding. 

§425.  Electric  heaters. 

a.  Each  heater  of  more  than  6  amperes  or  660  watts  capacity  must  be  pro¬ 
tected  by  a  cut-out,  and  controlled  by  a  switch  or  plug  connector  plainly  indicating 
whether  “on”  or  “off”  and  located  within  sight  of  the  heater.  Heaters  of  6  amperes 
or  660  watts  capacity,  or  less,  may  be  grouped  under  the  protection  of  a  single 
set  of  fuses,  provided  the  rated  capacity  of  the  fuses  does  not  exceed  10  amperes, 
or  may  be  connected  individually  to  lighting  circuits  when  the  normal  load  on  the 
circuit  at  any  time  will  not  exceed  660  watts. 

b.  Flexible  conductors  for  smoothing  irons  and  sad  irons,  and  for  all  devices 
requiring  over  250  watts,  must  have  an  approved  insulation  and  covering  complying 
with  the  requirements  of  §55 lk  of  this  chapter. 

c.  With  portable  heating  devices,  approved  plug  connectors  must  be  used,  so 
arranged  that  the  plug  may  be  pulled  out  to  open  the  circuit  without  leaving  any  live 
parts  so  exposed  as  to  render  likely  accidental  contact  therewith.  The  connector  may 
be  located  at  either  end  of  the  flexible  conductor  or  inserted  in  the  conductor  itself. 

d.  Smoothing  irons,  sad  irons  and  other  heating  devices  that  are  intended  to  be 
applied  to  combustible  articles,  must  be  provided  with  approved  stands. 

e.  Stationary  heaters,  such  as  radiators,  ranges,  plate  warmers,  etc-,  must  be  so 
located  as  to  furnish  ample  protection  between  the  device  and  surrounding  combustible 
material. 

f.  Electric  heaters  must  each  be  provided  with  a  name-plate  giving  the  maker’s 
name  and  the  normal  capacity  in  volts  and  amperes  or  in  volts  and  watts. 

§426.  Wires,  low  potential  systems. 

1.  General  Rules. 

a.  Wires  where  entering  cabinets,  cut-out  boxes  or  junction  boxes,  except  where 
they  are  in  conduit,  armored  cable  or  metal  moulding,  must  be  protected  by  approved 
bushings,  which  fit  tightly  the  holes  in  the  box  and  are  well  secured  in  place.  The 
wires  should  completely  fill  the  holes  in  the  bushings  so  as  to  keep  out  the  dust,  tape 
being  used  to  build  up  the  wires  if  necessary. 

The  use  of  permanently  and  reliably  grounded  conductors  not  complying  with  the 
insulation  requirements  of  article  5  of  this  chapter  may  be  authorized  by  special 
permission  in  writing. 

b.  Wires  must  not  be  laid  in  plaster,  cement  or  similar  finish,  and  must  never  be 
fastened  with  staples. 

c.  Wires  must  not  be  fished  for  any  great  distance,  and  only  in  places  where  the 
inspector  can  satisfy  himself  that  the  rules  have  been  complied  with. 

d.  Twin  wires  must  never  be  used,  except  in  conduits,  or  where  flexible  con¬ 
ductors  are  necessary. 

e.  Wires  must,  where  exposed  to  mechanical  injury,  be  suitably  protected.  When 
crossing  floor  timbers  in  cellars,  or  in  rooms  where  they  might  be  exposed  to  injury, 
wires  must  be  installed  in  approved  conduit  or  armored  cable  or  be  attached  by  their 
insulating  supports  to  the  under  side  of  a  wooden  strip,  not  less  than  inch  in  thick¬ 
ness,  and  not  less  than  3  inches  in  width.  Instead  of  the  running-board,  guard 
strips  on  each  side  of  and  close  to  the  wires  will  be  accepted,  these  strip  to  be  not 
less  than  %  inch  in  thickness,  and  at  least  as  high  as  the  insulators. 

Protection  on  side  walls  must  extend  not  less  than  7  feet  from  the  floor  and 
must  consist  of  substantial  boxing,  retaining  an  air  space  of  1  inch  around  the  con- 

184 


ELECTRICAL  CONTROL. 


ductors,  closed  at  the  top  (the  wires  passing  through  bushed  holes)  or  of  approved 
metal  conduit  or  pipe  of  equivalent  strength. 

When  metal  conduit  or  pipe  is  used,  the  insulation  of  each  wire  must  be  reinforced 
by  approved  flexible  tubing  extending  from  the  insulator  next  below  the  pipe  to  the 
one  next  above  it,  unless  the  conduit  is  installed  according  to  §428  of  this  chapter, 
paragraphs  c  and  f  thereof  excepted,  and  the  wire  is  approved  for  conduit  use.  The 
2  or  more  wires  of  a  circuit  each  with  its  flexible  tubing  (when  required),  if  car¬ 
rying  alternating  current  must,  or  if  direct  current  may,  be  placed  within  the  same 
pipe.  \ 

In  making  open  work  extensions  from  concealed  conduit  or  armored  cable  instal¬ 
lations,  the  outlet  boxes  must  first  be  set  out  beyond  the  finished  surface  or  else  an 
extension  collar  must  be  added.  This  collar  must  be  electrically  and  mechanically 
secured  to  the  box. 

The  conductors  of  the  extension  must  be  brought  out  of  the  side  of  the  box  or 
collar  and  must  be  protected  by  approved  insulating  bushings  as  required  in  par.  “a” 
of  this  section. 

f.  When  run  in  unfinished  attics  or  roof  spaces,  wires  will  be  considered  as  con¬ 
cealed  and  when  run  in  close  proximity  to  water  tanks  or  pipes,  they  will  be  con¬ 
sidered  as  exposed  to  moisture. 

In  unfinished  attics  or  roof  spaces  wires  are  considered  as  exposed  to  mechanical 
injury,  and  must  not  be  run  on  knobs  or  upper  edge  of  joists. 

2.  Open  work  in  dry  places. 

g.  Wires  must  have  an  approved  rubber  (type  R.  S.),  slow-burning  weatherproof 
(type  S-  B.  W.),  or  slow-burning  insulation  (type  S.  B.).  Slow-burning  insulation 
may  be  used  only  in  permanently  dry  locations  and  under  special  permission  in  writing, 
given  in  advance. 

h.  Wires  must  be  rigidly  supported  on  non-combustible,  non-absorptive  insulators, 
which  will  separate  the  wires  from  each  other  and  from  the  surface  wired  over  in 
accordance  with  the  following  table : 

Voltage — 0  to  300;  distance  from  surface,  y2  inch;  distance  between  wires, 
inches. 

Voltage — 301  to  550;  distance  from  surface,  1  inch;  distance  between  wires,  4 
inches. 

Rigid  supporting  requires  under  ordinary  conditions,  where  wiring  along  flat  sur¬ 
faces,  supports  at  least  every  4,y2  feet.  If  the  wires  are  liable  to  be  disturbed,  the 
distance  between  supports  must  be  shortened.  In  buildings  of  mill  construction,  mains 
of  not  less  than  No.  8  B.  &  S.  gauge,  where  not  liable  to  be  disturbed,  may  be  separated 
about  6  inches,  and  run  from  timber  to  timber,  not  breaking  around,  and  may  be 
supported  at  each  timber  only. 

Wires  must  not  be  “dead-ended”  at  a  rosette,  socket  or  receptacle  unless  the  last 
support  is  within  12  inches  of  the  same. 

3.  Open  work  in  damp  places,  or  buildings  specially  subject  to  moisture  or  to  acid 

or  other  fumes. 

i.  Wires  must  have  an  approved  insulating  covering. 

For  protection  against  water,  rubber  insulation  must  be  used.  For  protection 
against  corrosive  vapors,  either  weatherproof  or  rubber  insulation  must  be  used. 

j.  Wires  must  be  rigidly  supported  on  non-combustible,  non-absorptive  insulators, 
which  separate  the  wire  at  least  1  inch  from  th.e  surface  wired  over,  and  must  be  kept 
apart  at  least  2 y2  inches  for  voltages  up  to  300,  and  4  inches  for  higher  voltages. 

Rigid  supporting  requires  under  ordinary  conditions,  where  wiring  over  flat  sur¬ 
faces,  supports  at  least  every  4 y2  feet.  If  the  wires  are  liable  to  be  disturbed,  the 
distance  between  supports  must  be  shortened.  In  buildings  of  mill  construction, 

185 


CHAP.  9,  ART.  4,  SEC.  426. 


mains  of  not  less  than  Nc/.  8  B.  &  S.  gauge,  where  not  liable  to  be  disturbed,  may 
be  separated  about  6  inches,  and  run  from  timber  to  timber,  not  breaking  around, 
and  may  be  supported  at  each  timber  only. 

4.  Metal  moulding  work. 

k.  Wires  must  have  an  approved  rubber  insulating  covering  (type  R.  S.),  and 
must  be  in  continuous  lengths  from  outlet  to  outlet,  or  from  fitting  to  fitting,  no 
joints  or  taps  to  be  made  in  moulding.  Where  branch  taps  are  necessary  in  moulding 
work  approved  fittings  for  this  purpose  must  be  used. 

l.  Wires  must  never  be  placed  in  moulding  in  damp  locations;  must  never  be 
placed  in  moulding  in  concealed  locations  or  where  the  difference  of  potential  between 
any  2  wires  in  the  same  system  is  over  300  volts.  When  the  electrical  construction 
is  being  carried  out  in  moulding,  permission  will  be  given  to  extend  these  mouldings 
through  walls  and  partitions,  if  the  moulding  and  capping  are  in  continuous  lengths 
where  .passing  through  the  walls  and  partitions.  Mouldings  must  not  be  used  for 
circuits  requiring  more  than  1,320  watts  of  energy. 

m.  Wires  must  for  alternating  current  systems  if  in  metal  moulding  have  the 
two  or  more  wires  of  a  circuit  installed  in  the  same  moulding. 

5.  Conduit  work. 

n.  Wires  must  have  an  approved  rubber  insulating  covering,  and  must  within 
the  conduit  tubing  be  without  splices  or  taps,  and  must  be  provided  with  a  lead 
covering  if  the  conduit  is  installed  in  a  damp  place  and  is  not  watertight.  Wires 
must  be  double  braided  (type  R.  D.)  for  twin,  twisted  pair  or  multiple  conductor 
cables  and  for  all  single  conductors  of  No.  6  B.  &  S.  gauge  and  larger. 

Slow  burning  insulation  may,  however,  be  used  in  permanently  dry  locations 
where  excessive  temperatures  are  present,  provided  special  permission  in  writing  be 
given  in  advance. 

o.  Wires  must  not  be  drawn  in  until  all  mechanical  work  on  the  building  has 
been,  as  far  as  possible,  completed. 

Conductors  in  vertical  conduit  risers  must  be  supported  within  the  conduit  system 
in  accordance  with  the  following  table: 

No.  14  to  0  every  100  feet 

No.  00  to  0000  every  80  feet. 

0000  to  350,000  C.  M.  every  60  feet. 

350,000  C.  M.  to  500,000  C.  M.  every  50  feet. 

500,000  C.  M.  to  750,000  C.  M.  every  40  feet. 

750,000  C.  M.  every  35  feet. 

The  following  methods  of  supporting  cables  are  recommended : 

1.  Approved  clamping  devices  constructed  of  or  employing  insulating  wedges 
inserted  in  the  ends  of  the  conduit. 

2.  Junction  boxes  may  be  inserted  in  the  conduit  system  at  the  required  intervals, 
in  which  insulating  supports  of  approved  type  must  be  installed  and  secured  in  a  satis¬ 
factory  manner  so  as  to  withstand  the  weight  of  the  conductors  attached  thereto,  the 
boxes  to  be  provided  with  proper  covers. 

3.  Cables  may  be  supported  in  approved  junction  boxes  on  2  or  more  insulat¬ 
ing  supports  so  placed  that  the  conductors  will  be  deflected  at  an  angle  of  not  less 
than  90  degrees,  and  carried  a  distance  of  not  less  than  twice  the  diameter  of  the  cable 
from  its  vertical  position.  Cables  so  suspended  may  be  additionally  secured  to  these 
insulators  by  tie  wires.  Conductors  larger  than  No.  4  B.  &  S.  gauge  must  not  be 
materially  deflected  where  they  enter  or  leave  the  cabinet,  and  where  terminating  in 
the  cabinet  must  be  properly  supported  at  the  end  of  the  conduit. 

Other  methods  may  be  used,  if  specially  approved. 

186 


ELECTRICAL  CONTROL. 


p.  Wires  must,  for  alternating  systems,  have  the  2  or  more  wires  of  a  circuit 
drawn  in  the  same  conduit. 

Except  in  the  case  of  stage  pocket  and  border  circuits  the  same  conduit  must  not 
contain  more  than  4  two-wire,  or  3  three-wire  circuits  of  the  same  system,  except 
by  special  permission,  and  must  never  contain  circuits  of  different  systems. 

6.  Concealed  “knob  and  tube”  work. 

q.  The  installation  of  concealed  knob  and  tube  work  is  prohibited. 

§427.  Armored  cables. 

a.  Armored  cables  must  be  continuous  from  outlet  to  outlet  or  to  junction  boxes 
or  cabinets,  and  the  armor  of  the  cable  must  properly  enter  and  be  secured  to  all 
fittings,  and  the  entire  system  must  be  mechanically  secured  in  position. 

In  case  of  service  connections  and  main  runs,  this  involves  running  such  armored 
cables  continuously  into  a  main  cut-out  cabinet  or  gutter  surrounding  the  panel  board, 
as  the  case  may  be. 

b.  Armored  cables  must  be  equipped  at  every  outlet  with  an  approved  outlet  box 
or  plate,  as  required  in  conduit  work. 

Outlet  plates  must  not  be  used  where  it  is  practicable  to  install  outlet  boxes. 

For  concealed  work  in  walls  and  ceilings  composed  of  plaster  on  wooden  joist  or 
stud  construction,  outlet  boxes  or  plates  and  also  cut-out  cabinets  must  be  so  installed 
that  the  front  edge  will  not  be  more  than  inch  back  of  the  finished  surface  of 
the  plaster,  and  if  this  surface  is  broken  or  incomplete  it  shall  be  repaired  so  that 
it  will  not  show  any  gaps  or  open  spaces  around  the  edges  of  the  outlet  box  or  plate 
or  of  the  cut-out  cabinet.  On  wooden  jvalls  or  ceilings,  outlet  boxes  or  plates  and 
cut-out  cabinet  must  be  so  installed  that  the  front  edge  will  either  be  flush  with  the 
finished  surface  or  project  therefrom.  This  will  not  apply  to  concealed  work  in  walls 
or  ceilings,  composed  of  concrete,  tile  or  other  non-combustible  material. 

In  buildings  already  constructed  where  the  conditions  are  such  that  neither  outlet 
box  nor  plate  can  be  installed,  these  appliances  may  be  omitted  by  special  permission, 
provided  the  armored  cable  is  firmly  and  rigidly  secured  in  place. 

c.  Armored  cables  must  have  the  metal  armor  of  cables  permanently  and  effect¬ 
ually  grounded  to  water  piping,  gas  piping  or  other  suitable  grounds,  provided  that 
when  connections  are  made  to  gas  piping  they  must  be  on  the  street  side  of  the  meter. 
If  the  armored  cable  system  consists  of  several  separate  sections,  the  sections  must  be 
bonded  to  each  other,  and  the  system  grounded,  or  each  section  may  be  separately 
grounded,  as  required  above. 

The  armor  of  cables  and  gas  pipes  must  be  securely  fastened  in  outlet  boxes, 
junction  boxes  and  cabinets,  so  as  to  secure  good  electrical  connection. 

If  armor  of  cables  and  metal  of  couplings,  outlet  boxes,  junction  boxes,  cabinets 
or  fittings,  having  protective  coating  of  non-conducting  material,  such  as  enamel,  are 
used,  such  coating  must  be  thoroughly  removed  from  threads  of  both  couplings  and 
the  armor  of  cables,  and  from  surfaces  of  the  boxes,  cabinets  and  fittings  where  the 
armor  of  cables  or  ground  clamp  is  secured  in  order  to  obtain  the  requisite  good 
connection.  Grounded  pipes  must  be  cleaned  of  rust,  scale,  etc.,  at  place  of  attachment 
of  ground  clamp. 

Connections  to  grounded  pipes  and  to  armor  of  cables  must  be  exposed  to  view  or 
accessible,  and  must  be  made  by  means  of  approved  ground  clamps. 

Ground  wires  must  be  of  copper,  at  least  No.  10  B.  &  S.  gauge  (where  largest 
wire  contained  in  cable  is  not  greater  than  No.  0  B.  &  S.  gauge),  and  need  not  be 
greater  than  No.  4  B.  &  S.  gauge  (where  largest  wire  contained  in  cable  is  greater 
than  No.  0  B.  &  S.  gauge).  They  shall  be  protected  from  mechanical  injury. 

d.  When  installed  in  so-called  fireproof  buildings  in  course  of  construction  or 


187 


CHAP.  9,  ART .  4,  SEC.  428. 


afterwards  if  exposed  to  moisture,  or  where  it  is  exposed  to  the  weather,  or  in  damp 
places,  such  as  breweries,  stables,  etc.,  the  cable  must  have  a  lead  covering  placed 
between  the  outer  braid  of  the  conductors  and  the  steel  armor. 

The  lead  covering  is  not  to  be  required  when  the  cable  is  run  against  brick  walls 
or  laid  in  ordinary  plaster  walls  unless  same  are  continuously  damp. 

e.  Where  entering  junction  boxes,  and  at  all  other  outlets,  etc.,  armored  cables 
must  be  provided  with  approved  terminal  fittings  which  will  protect  the  insulation  of 
the  conductors  from  abrasion,  unless  such  junction  or  outlet  boxes  are  specially 
designed  and  approved  for  use  with  the  cable. 

f.  Junction  boxes  must  always  be  installed  in  such  a  manner  as  to  be  accessible. 

g.  For  alternating  current  systems,  armored  cables  must  have  the  2  or  more 
conductors  of  the  circuit  enclosed  in  1  metal  armor. 

h.  All  bends  must  be  so  made  that  the  armor  of  the  cable  will  not  be  injured. 
The  radius  of  the  curve  of  the  inner  edge  of  any  bend  shall  not  be  less  than  V/z 
inches. 

§428.  Interior  conduits. 

a.  No  conduit  smaller  than  x/z  inch,  electrical  trade  size,  shall  be  used. 

b.  Interior  conduits  must  be  continuous  from  outlet  to  outlet  or  to  junction  boxes 
or  cabinets,  and  the  conduit  must  properly  enter,  and  be  secured  to  all  fittings  and 
the  entire  system  must  be  mechanically  secured  in  position. 

In  case  of  service  connections  and  main  runs,  this  involves  running  each  conduit 
continuously  into  a  main  cut-out  cabinet  or  gutters  surrounding  the  panel  board,  as 
the  case  may  be.  Departure  from  this  rule  may  be  authorized  in  case  of  underground 
services  by  special  permission.  * 

c.  Interior  conduits  must  be  first  installed  as  a  complete  conduit  system,  without 
the  conductors. 

d.  Interior  conduits  must  be  equipped  at  every  outlet  with  an  approved  outlet 
box  or  plate.  At  exposed  ends  of  conduit  (but  not  at  fixture  outlets)  where  wires 
pass  from  the  conduit  system  without  splice,  joint  or  tap,  an  approved  fitting  having 
separately  bushed  holes  for  each  conductor  must  be  used.  Departure  from  this  rule 
may  be  authorized  by  special  permission. 

Outlet  plates  must  not  be  used  where  it  is  practicable  to  install  outlet  boxes. 

For  concealed  work  in  walls  and  ceilings  composed  of  plaster  on  wooden  joist  or 
stud  construction,  outlet  boxes  or  plates  and  also  cut-out  cabinets  must  be  so  installed 
that  the  front  edge  will  not  be  more  than  Y  inch  back  of  the  finished  surface  of  the 
plaster,  and  if  this  surface  is  broken  or  incomplete  it  shall  be  repaired  so  that  it  will 
not  show  any  gaps  or  open  spaces  around  the  edges  of  the  outlet  box  or  plate  or  of 
the  cut-out  cabinet.  On  wooden  walls  or  ceilings,  outlet  boxes  or  plates  and  cut-out 
cabinets  must  be  so  installed  that  the  front  edge  will  either  be  flush  with  the  finished 
surface  or  project  therefrom.  This  will  not  apply  to  concealed  work  in  walls  or  ceilings 
composed  of  concrete,  tile  or  other  non-combustible  material. 

In  buildings  already  constructed  where  the  conditions  are  such  that  neither  outlet 
box  nor  plate  can  be  installed,  these  appliances  may  be  omitted  providing  the  conduit 
ends  are  bushed  and  secured. 

e.  Metal  conduits  where  they  enter  junction  boxes,  and  at  all  other  outlets,  etc. 
must  be  provided  with  approved  bushings  or  fastening  plates  fitted  so  as  to  protect 
wire  from  abrasion,  except  when  such  protection  is  obtained  by  the  use  of  approved 
nipples,  properly  fitted  in  boxes  or  devices. 

f.  Interior  conduits  must  have  the  metal  of  the  conduit  permanently  and  effectu¬ 
ally  grounded  to  water  piping,  gas  piping  or  other  suitable  grounds,  provided  that 
when  connections  are  made  to  gas  piping  they  must  be  on  the  street  side  of  the  meter. 
If  the  conduit  system  consists  of  several  separate  sections,  the  sections  must  be  bonded 

188 


ELECTRICAL  CONTROL. 


to  each  other,  and  the  system  grounded,  or  each  section  may  be  separately  grounded,  as 
required  above.  Where  short  sections  of  conduit  (or  pipe  of  equivalent  strength)  is 
used  for  the  protection  of  exposed  wiring  on  side  walls,  and  such  conduit  or  pipe 
and  wiring  is  installed  as  required  by  §426e  of  this  chapter,  the  conduit  or  pipe  need  not 
be  grounded. 

Conduits  and  gas  pipes  must  be  securely  fastened  in  outlet  boxes,  junction  boxes 
and  cabinets,  so  as  to  secure  good  electrical  connections. 

If  conduit  couplings,  outlet  boxes,  junction  boxes,  cabinets  or  fittings,  having  pro¬ 
tective  coatings  of  non-conducting  material,  such  as  enamel,  are  used,  such  coating 
must  be  thoroughly  removed  from  threads  of  both  couplings  and  conduit,  and  such 
surfaces  of  boxes,  cabinets  and  fittings  where  the  conduit  or  ground  clamp  is  secured 
in  order  to  obtain  the  requisite  good  connection.  Grounded  pipes  should  be  cleaned  of 
rust  scale,  etc.,  at  place  of  attachment  of  ground  clamp. 

Connections  to  grounded  pipes  and  to  conduit  must  be  exposed  to  view  or  acces¬ 
sible,  and  must  be  made  by  means  of  approved  ground  clamps. 

Ground  wires  must  be  of  copper  at  least  No.  10  B.  &  S.  gauge  (where  largest  wire 
contained  in  conduit  is  not  greater  than  No.  0  B.  &  S.  gauge),  and  need  not  be  greater 
than  No.  4  B.  &  S.  gauge  (where  largest  wire  contained  in  conduit  is  greater  than 
No.  0  B.  &  S.  gauge).  They  shall  be  protected  from  mechanical  injury. 

g.  Junction  boxes  must  always  be  installed  in  such  a  manner  as  to.be  accessible. 
Such  boxes  are  considered  to  be  accessible  when  installed  in  an  attic  that  has  sufficient 
head  room,  but  which  is  reached  only  by  a  portable  ladder  and  permanent  hatch. 

h.  All  elbows  or  bends  must  be  so  made  that  the  conduit  will  not  be  injured. 
The  radius  of  the  curve  of  the  inner  edge  of  any  elbow  shall  not  be  less  than  3l/t 
inches.  There  must  be  not  more  than  the  equivalent  of  4  quarter  bends  from  outlet 
to  outlet,  the  bends  at  the  outlets  not  being  counted. 

i.  Conduit  sizes  for  various  numbers,  gauges  and  types  of  conductors  must  con¬ 
form  to  the  following  table : 

Size  of  Conduits  for  the  Installation  of  Wires  and  Cables — Number  of  Conductors. 


Size 
i.  &  S. 

One 

Conductor 
in  a 

Conduit. 
Size  Con¬ 
duit,  in. 
Electrical 
Trade 
Size. 

Two 

Conductors 
in  a 

Conduit. 
Size  Con¬ 
duit,  In. 
Electrical 

T  rade 

Size. 

Three 
Conductors 
in  a 

Conduit. 
Size  Con¬ 
duit,  In. 
Electrical 
Trade 
Size. 

Four 

Conductors 
in  a 

Conduit. 
Size  Con¬ 
duit,  in. 
Electrical 
Trade 
Size. 

14 . 

.  1/2 

1/2 

1/2 

3/4 

12 . 

.  1/2 

3/4 

3/4 

3/4 

10 . 

.  1/2 

3/4 

3/4 

1 

8 . 

.  1/2 

1 

1 

1 

6 . 

.  1/2 

1 

1  1/4 

1  1/4 

5 . 

.  3/4 

1  1/4 

1  1/4 

1  1/4 

4 . 

.  3/4 

1  1/4 

1  1/4 

1  1/2 

3 . 

.  3/4 

1  1/4 

1  1/4 

1  1/2 

2 . 

.  3/4 

1  1/4 

1  1/2 

1  1/2 

1 . 

.  3/4 

1  1/2 

1  1/2 

2 

0 . 

.  1 

1  1/2 

2 

2 

00 . 

.  1 

2 

2 

2  1/2 

000 . 

.  1 

2 

2 

2  1/2 

0000 . 

.  11/4 

2 

2  1/2 

2  1/2 

189 


CHAP.  9,  ART.  4,  SEC.  428. 


Size 

B.  &  S. 

One 

Conductor 
in  a 

Conduit. 
Size  Con¬ 
duit,  In. 
Electrical 
Trade 
Size. 

Two 

Conductors 
in  a 

Conduit. 
Size  Con¬ 
duit,  In. 
Electrical 
Trade 

Size. 

Three 
Conductors 
in  a 

Conduit. 
Size  Con¬ 
duit,  In. 
Electrical 
Trade 
Size. 

Four 

Conductors 
in  a 

Conduit. 
Size  Con¬ 
duit,  In. 
Electrical 
Trade 
Size. 

CM 

200000 . 

.  11/4 

2 

2  1/2 

2  1/2 

250000 . 

.  11/4 

2  1/2 

2  1/2 

3 

300000 . 

.  11/4 

2  1/2 

2  1/2 

3 

400000 . 

.  11/4 

3 

3 

3  1/2 

500000 . 

.  11-2 

3 

3 

3  1/2 

600000 . 

.  11/2 

3 

3  1/2 

700000 . 

.  2 

3  1/2 

3  1/2 

800000 . 

.  2 

3  1/2 

4 

900000 . 

.  2 

3  1/2 

4 

1000000 . 

. .  2 

4 

4 

1250000 . 

.  2  1/2 

4  1/2 

4  1/2 

1500000 . 

.  2  1/2 

4  1/2 

5 

1750000 . 

.  3 

5 

5 

2000000 . 

.  3 

5 

6 

14 . 

Twin  Conductor. 

.  1/2  3/4 

1 

1 

12 . 

.  1/2 

3/4 

1 

1  1/4 

10 . 

.  3/4 

1 

1  1/4 

1  1/4 

3  Conductor  Convertible  System. 


Size  of  Conductors.  Size  Con- 


2-Conductor. 

Size  B.  &  S. 

1-Conductor. 

Size  B.  &  S. 

auit,  in. 

Electrical 

Trade  Size. 

14 

10 

3/4 

12 

8 

3/4 

10 

6 

1 

8 

4 

1 

6 

2 

1  1/4 

5 

1 

1  1/4 

4 

0 

1  1/2 

3 

00 

1  1/2 

2 

000 

1  1/2 

1 

oooo 

2 

0 

250000 

2 

00 

350000 

2  1/2 

000 

400000 

2  1/2 

0000 

550000 

3 

250000 

600000 

3 

300000 

800000 

3 

190 


ELECTRICAL  CONTROL. 


Size  of  Conductors. 

Size  Con¬ 
duit,  In. 

Electrical 

Trade  Size. 

f 

2-Conductor. 

Size  B.  &  S. 

1-Conductor. 

Size  B.  &  S. 

400000 

1000000 

3  1/2 

500000 

1250000 

4 

600000 

1500000 

4 

700000 

1750000 

4  1/2 

800000 

2000000 

4  1/2 

Single  Conductor  Combination. 

Note — Where  special  permission  has  been  given  in  accordance  with  section  426 
of  this  chapter,  the  following  table  to  apply : 


Size  Con- 

No.  of  duit,  In. 

Wires.  Electrical 

Trade  Size. 


3  No.  14  R.C.  solid .  1/2 

5  No.  14  R.C.  solid .  3/4 

10  No.  14  R.C.  solid .  1 

18  No.  14  R.C.  solid .  1  1/4 

24  No.  14  R.C.  solid .  1  1/2 

40  No.  14  R.C.  solid .  2 

74  No.  14  R.C.  solid .  2  1/2 

90  No.  14  R.C.  solid .  3 


§429.  Metal  mouldings. 

a.  Metal  moulding  must  be  continuous  from  outlet  to  outlet,  to  junction  boxes, 
or  approved  fittings  designed  especially  for  use  with  metal  mouldings,  and  must  at  all 
outlets  be  provided  with  approved  terminal  fittings  which  will  protect  the  insulation 
of  conductors  from  abrasion,  unless  such  protection  is  afforded  by  the  construction  of 
the  boxes  or  fittings. 

b.  Such  mouldings  where  passing  through  a  floor  must  be  carried  through  an  iron 
pipe  extending  from  the  ceiling  below  to  a  point  5  feet  above  the  floor,  which  will 
serve  as  an  additional  mechanical  protection  and  exclude  the  presence  of  moisture 
often  prevalent  in  such  locations. 

Where  the  mechanical  strength  of  the  moulding  itself  is  adequate,  this  ruling  may 
be  modified  to  require  the  protecting  piping  from  the  ceiling  below  to  a  point  at  least 
3  inches  above  the  flooring. 

Where  such  mouldings  pass  through  a  partition  the  iron  pipe  required  for  passing 
through  floors  may  be  omitted  and  the  moulding  passed  directly  through,  providing 
the  partition  is  dry  and  the  moulding  is  in  a  continuous  length  with  no  joint  or 
couplings  within  the  partition. 

c.  Backing  must  be  secured  in  position  by  screws  or  bolts,  the  heads  of  which 
must  be  flush  with  the  metal. 

d.  Metal  moulding  must  be  permanently  and  effectively  grounded  to  water 
piping,  gas  piping,  or  other  suitable  grounds,  provided  that  when  connections  are  made 
to  gas  piping  they  must  be  on  the  street  side  of  the  meter.  If  the  metal  moulding 
system  consists  of  several  separate  sections,  the  sections  must  be  bounded  to  each 

191 


CHAP.  9 ,  ART.  4,  SEC.  430. 


other  and  the  system  grounded,  or  each  section  may  be  separately  grounded,  as  re¬ 
quired  above. 

Metal  mouldings  and  gas  pipes  must  be  securely  fastened  to  outlet  boxes,  junction 
boxes  and  cabinets,  so  as  to  secure  a  good  electrical  connection.  Moulding  must  be 
so  installed  that  adjacent  lengths  of  moulding  will  be  mechanically  and  electrically 
secured  at  all  points. 

If  metal  moulding,  couplings,  outlet  boxes,  junction  boxes,  cabinets  or  fittings 
having  protective  coating  of  non-conducting  material  such  as  enamel  are  used,  such 
coating  must  be  thoroughly  removed  from  threads  of  couplings  and  metal  mouldings, 
and  from  the  surface  of  boxes,  cabinets  and  fittings,  where  the  metal  moulding  or 
ground  clamp  is  secured  in  order  to  obtain  the  requisite  good  connection.  Grounded 
pipes  should  be  cleaned  of  rust,  scale,  etc.,  at  the  place  of  attachment  of  the  ground 
clamp. 

Connection  to  grounded  pipes  and  to  metal  mouldings  must  be  exposed  to  view,  or 
accessible,  and  must  be  made  by  means  of  approved  ground  clamps. 

Ground  wires  must  be  of  copper,  at  least  No.  10  B.  &  S.  gauge.  They  shall  be 
protected  from  mechanical  injury. 

e.  Must  be  installed  so  that  for  alternating  systems  the  2  or  more  wires  of  a 
circuit  will  be  in  the  same  metal  moulding. 

§430.  Fixtures. 

a.  Fixtures  must,  except  as  specified  in  paragraph  b  hereof,  be  insulated  from 
their  supports  by  approved  insulating  joints  placed  as  close  as  possible  to  the  ceilings 
or  walls.  Where  insulating  joints  are  required,  fixture  canopies  of  metal  must  be 
thoroughly  and  permanently  insulated  from  metal  walls  or  ceilings  or  from  plaster 
walls  or  ceilings  on  metal  lathing  and  from  outlet  boxes.  Canopy  insulators  must  be 
securely  fastened  in  place  so  as  to  separate  the  canopies  thoroughly  and  permanently 
from  the  surface  and  outlet  boxes  from  which  they  are  designed  to  be  insulated.  Gas 
pipes  must  be  protected  above  the  insulating  joints  by  approved  insulating  tubing,  and 
where  outlet  tubes  are  used,  they  must  be  of  sufficient  length  to  extend  below  the  in¬ 
sulating  joint  and  must  be  so  secured  that  they  will  not  be  pushed  back  when  the 
canopy  is  put  in  place. 

b.  Insulating  joints  and  canopy  insulators  may  be  omitted  in  the  following  cases: 

1.  Straight  electric  fixtures  metallically  connected  in  a  permanent  and  effective 
manner  to  metal  conduit,  armored  cable  or  metal  moulding  systems  or  to  gas  piping, 
provided  such  gas  piping  is  grounded  in  the  manner  prescribed  for  conduit  in  §428 
of  this  chapter. 

2.  Straight  electric  fixtures  connected  to  knob  and  tube,  wooden  molding  or  open 
work,  except  on  metal  ceilings  or  on  plaster  walls  or  ceilings  containing  metal  lathing. 

3.  Straight  electric  fixtures  which  are  permanently  and  effectively  grounded  to 
a  separate  ground  wire  not  smaller  than  No.  14  B.  &  S.  gauge. 

4.  By  special  permission  in  writing,  straight  electric  fixtures  may  be  grounded 
by  connecting  them  by  an  approved  means  to  one  of  the  supply  wires  of  the  fixture, 
provided  such  wire  is  permanently  and  effectively  grounded,  and  if  there  is  no  fuse, 
circuit  breaker  or  switch  in  that  side  of  the  circuit  between  the  fixture  and  the  ground 
connection. 

5.  Combination  fixtures  in  which  all  wires  have  an  approved  rubber  insulation 
not  less  than  3-64  inch,  in  thickness  and  where  gas  piping  is  grounded,  as  in  subdivi¬ 
sion  1  above. 

c.  For  fixtures  which  are  not  attached  to  gas  pipes  or  conduit  unless  outlet  boxes 
or  other  approved  fittings  which  will  give  proper  support  for  fixtures  are  used,  a 
7/i  inch  block  must  be  fastened  between  studs  or  floor  timbers  flush  with  the  back 
of  lathing  to  hold  tubing  and  to  support  fixtures.  When  this  cannot  be  done  wooden 

192 


ELECTRICAL  CONTROL. 


base  blocks,  not  less  than  &  inch  in  thickness,  securely  screwed  to  lathing,  must  be 
provided. 

Fixtures  having  so-called  flat  canopies,  tops  or  backs,  will  not  be  approved  for 
installation,  except  where  outlet  boxes  are  used. 

d.  When  installed  out  of  doors,  fixtures  must  be  of  water-tight  construction. 

e.  Fixture  wires  must  be  not  smaller  than  No.  18  B.  &  S.  gauge,  and  must  have 
an  approved  insulating  covering  (see  §552  of  this  chapter). 

In  wiring  certain  designs  of  show-case  fixtures,  ceiling  bulls-eyes  and  similar  ap¬ 
pliances  in  which  the  wiring  is  exposed  to  temperatures  in  excess  of  120  degrees 
Fahrenheit  (49  degrees  Centigrade)  from  the  heat  of  the  lamps,  conductors  having 
approved  slow-burning  or  other  heat-resisting  coverings  must  be  used.  All  such  forms 
of  fixtures  must  be  submitted  for  examination,  test  and  approval  before  being  intro¬ 
duced  for  use. 

f.  Supply  conductors,  and  especially  the  splices  to  fixture  wires,  must  be  kept 
clear  of  the  grounded  part  of  gas  pipes,  and,  where  shells  or  outlet  boxes  are  used, 
they  must  be  made  sufficiently  large  to  allow  the  fulfilment  of  this  requirement. 

g.  Fixtures  must,  when  wired  on  the  outside,  have  the  conductors  so  secured  as 
not  to  be  cut  or  abraded  by  the  pressure  of  the  fastenings  or  motion  of  the  fixture. 

Chain  fixtures  must  be  wired  with  flexible  conductors. 

h.  Wires  of  different  systems  must  never  be  contained  in  or  attached  to  the  same 
fixture,  and  under  no  circumstances  must  there  be  a  difference  of  potential  of  more 
than  300  volts  between  wires  contained  in  or  attached  to  the  same  fixtures. 

i.  Fixtures  must  be  free  from  short  circuits  between  conductors  and  from  con¬ 
tacts  between  conductors  and  metal  parts  of  fixtures,  and  must  be  tested  for  such  con¬ 
ditions  before  being  connected  to  supply  conductors. 

§431.  Sockets. 

a.  In  rooms  where  inflammable  gases  may  exist  (see  §419b  of  this  chapter),  the 
incandescent  lamp  and  socket  must  be  enclosed  in  a  vapor-tight  globe,  and  supported 
on  a  pipe-hanger,  wired  with  approved  rubber-covered  wire  soldered  directly  to  the 
circuit. 

b.  In  damp  or  wet  places,  or  where  exposed  to  corrosive  vapors,  weatherproof 
sockets  especially  approved  for  the  location  must  be  used.  Unless  made  up  on  fixtures 
they  must  be  hung  by  stranded  rubber-covered  conductors  not  smaller  than  No.  14 
B.  &  S.  gauge,  which  should  preferably  be  twisted  together  when  the  pendant  is  over 
3  feet  long. 

These  wires  must  be  soldered  direct  to  the  circuit  wires  but  supported  inde¬ 
pendently  of  them. 

c.  Key  sockets  will  not  be  approved  if  installed  over  specially  inflammable  stuff, 
or  where  exposed  to  flyings  of  combustible  material. 

§432.  Flexible  cord. 

a.  Flexible  cord  must  have  an  approved  insulation  and  covering. 

b.  Flexible  cord  must  not  be  used  where  the  difference  of  potential  between  the 
2  wires  is  over  300  volts. 

c.  Flexible  cord  must  not  be  used  as  a  support  for  clusters. 

d.  Flexible  cord  must  not  be  used  except  for  pendants,  wiring  of  fixtures,  port¬ 
able  lamps  or  motors,  portable  heating  apparatus  or  other  portable  devices. 

For  all  portable  work,  including  those  pendants  which  are  liable  to  be  moved  about 
sufficiently  to  come  in  contact  with  surrounding  objects,  flexible  wires  and  cables 
especially  designed  to  withstand  this  severe  service  must  be  used. 

When  necessary  to  prevent  portable  lamps  from  coming  in  contact  with  inflam¬ 
mable  materials,  or  to  protect  them  from  breakage,  they  must  be  surrounded  with  a 
substantial  guard. 


193 


CHAP.  9 ,  ART.  4,  SECS.  433,  434. 


e.  Unless  provided  with  approved  metal  armor,  flexible  cord  must  not  be 
used  in  show  windows  or  show  cases,  except  that  approved  portable  cord  may  be  used 
for  the  purpose  of  supplying  current  to  portable  lamps  and  other  devices  for  exhibition 
purposes. 

f.  Flexible  cord  must  be  protected  by  approved  bushings  where  the  cord  enters 
the  sockets,  unless  the  socket  is  so  constructed  that  no  bushing  is  required. 

g.  Must  be  so  connected  to  all  fittings  that  strain  is  taken  from  the  joints  and 
binding  screws. 

h.  Must  where  passing  through  covers  of  outlet  boxes  be  protected  by  approved 
bushing  especially  designed  for  this  purpose.  So-called  hard  rubber  composition  bush¬ 
ings  threaded  into  box  covers  must  not  be  used. 

§433.  Arc  lamps  on  cor.stant=potential  circuits. 

a.  There  must  be  a  cut-out  (see  §419  of  this  chapter)  for  each  lamp  or  each 
series  of  lamps. 

The  branch  conductors  must  have  a  carrying  capacity  about  50  per  cent,  in  excess 
of  the  normal  current  required  by  the  lamp. 

b.  Arc  lamps  must  be  furnished  only  with  such  resistances  or  regulators  as  are 
enclosed  in  non-combustible  material,  such  resistances  being  treated  as  sources  of 
heat.  Incandescent  lamps  must  not  be  used  for  this  purpose. 

c.  Arc  lamps  must  be  supplied  with  globes  and  protected  by  spark  arresters  and 
wire  netting  around  the  globe,  as  in  the  case  of  series  arc  lamps  (see  §421  of  this 
chapter). 

Outside  arc  lamps  must  be  suspended  at  least  8  feet  above  sidewalks.  Inside  arc 
lamps  must  be  placed  out  of  reach  or  suitably  protected. 

d.  Arc  lamps,  when  arranged  to  be  raised  and  lowered,  either  for  carboning  or 
other  purposes,  shall  be  connected  up  with  stranded  conductors  from  the  last  point 
of  support  to  the  lamp,  when  such  conductor  is  larger  than  No.  14  B.  &  S.  gauge. 

e.  Economy  and  compensator  coils  for  arc  lamps  must  be  mounted  on  non-com¬ 
bustible,  non-absorptive,  insulating  supports,  such  as  glass  or  porcelain,  allowing  an 
air  space  o'f  at  least  1  inch  between  frame  and  support,  and  must  in  general  be 
treated  as  sources  of  heat. 

§434.  Vapor  lamps. 

1.  Enclosed  mercury  vapor  lamps. 

a.  Enclosed  mercury  vapor  lamps  must  have  a  cut-out  for  each  lamp  or  series 
of  lamps  except  when  contained  in  a  single  frame  and  lighted  by  a  single  operation 
in  which  case  not  more  than  5  lamps  should  be  dependent  upon  a  single  cut-out. 

b.  Enclosed  mercury  vapor  lamps  must  be  furnished  only  with  such  resistances 
or  regulators  as  are  enclosed  in  non-combustible  cases,  such  resistances  to  be  treated 
as  sources  of  heat.  In  locations  where  these  resistances  or  regulators  are  subject  to 
flyings  of  lint  or  combustible  material,  all  openings  through  cases  must  be  protected 
by  fine  wire  gauze. 

2.  High-potential  vacuum  tube  systems. 

c.  The  tube  must  be  so  installed  as  to  be  free  from  mechanical  injury  or  liability 
to  contact  with  inflammable  materials. 

d.  High-potential  coils  and  regulating  apparatus  must  be  installed  in  approved 
steel  cabinet  not  less  than  1-10  inch  in  thickness ;  same  to  be  well  ventilated  in  such  a 
manner  as  to  prevent  the  escape  of  any  flame  or  sparks,  in  case  of  burnout  in  the 
various  coils.  All  apparatus  in  this  box  must  be  mounted  on  slate  base  and  the 
enclosing  case  positively  grounded.  Supplying  conductors  leading  into  this  high- 
potential  case  are  to  be  installed  in  accordance  with  the  standard  requirements  govern¬ 
ing  low-potential  systems,  where  such  wires  do  not  carry  a  potential  of  over  300  volts. 

194 


ELECTRICAL  CONTROL. 


§435.  Gas  Filled  Incandescent  Lamps. 

a.  Must  be  so  grouped  that  not  more  than  660  watts  (nor  more  than  16  sockets 
or  receptacles)  will  be  dependent  on  one  cutout  except  that  in  cases  where  wiring 
equal  in  size  to  No.  14  B.  &  S.  gauge  js  carried  directly  into  keyless  sockets  or  recep¬ 
tacles,  the  location  of  which  is  such  as  to  render  unlikely  the  attachment  of  flexible 
cords,  thereto,  the  circuits  may  be  so  arranged  that  not  more  than  1,320  watts  (or  32 
sockets  or  receptacles)  will  be  dependent  on  the  final  cutout.  Where  a  single  socket 
or  receptacle  is  used  on  a  circuit  the  limitation  of  watts  permissible  on  the  final  cutout 
shall  be  the  maximum  capacity  for  which  such  socket  or  receptacle  is  approved. 

b.  Must  not  be  used  in  show  windows  or  in  other  locations  where  inflammable 

material  is  liable  to  come  in  contact  with  lamp  equipment  except  where  used  in  con¬ 

nection  with  approved  fixtures  where  temperature  of  any  exposed  portion  of  same  does 
not  exceed  200  degrees  Fahr.  (93  degrees  Centigrade). 

c.  Must  not  be  used  in  connection  with  medium-base  sockets  or  receptacles  if  of 

above  250  watts  nominal  capacity  nor  with  Mogul  base  sockets  or  receptacle  if  of 

above  1,500  watts  capacity. 

d.  Fixtures  within  buildings  must  be  wired  with  conductors  having  approved 
slow-burning  or  other  heat-resisting  coverings  where  the  temperature  to  which  wire 
is  subjected  at  any  point  exceeds  120  degrees  Fahr.  (49  degrees  Centigrade).  Where 
fixtures  are  placed  outside  of  buildings  approved  rubber  insulated  wire  is  required. 

§436.  Transformers,  low  potential. 

1.  Oil  transformers. 

a.  Must  not  be  placed  inside  any  building  except  central  stations  or  sub-stations, 
unless  in  transformer  vaults  and  by  special  permission. 

2.  Air  cooled  transformers. 

b.  Air  cooled  transformers  must  not  be  placed  inside  of  any  building,  excepting 
central  stations  or  sub-stations  if  the  highest  voltage  of  either  primary  or  secondary 
exceeds  550  volts,  unless  installed  in  approved  transformer  vaults. 

c.  Air  cooled  transformers  must,  with  the  exception  of  bell-ringing  and  other 
signaling  transformers,  be  so  mounted  that  the  case  shall  be  at  a  distance  of  at  least 
1  foot  from  combustible  material  or  separated  therefrom  by  a  slab  or  panel  of  non¬ 
combustible,  non-absorptive,  insulating  material,  such  as  slate,  marble  or  soapstone. 

§437.  Decorative  lighting  systems. 

a.  Special  permission  in  writing  may  be  given  for  the  temporary  installation  of 
approved  systems  of  decorative  lighting,  provided  the  difference  of  potential  between 
the  wires  of  any  circuit  shall  not  be  over  150  volts  and  also  provided  that  no  group 
of  lamps  requiring  more  than  1,320  watts  shall  be  dependent  on  1  cut-out. 

§438.  Theatre  and  moving  picture  establishment  wiring. 

All  wiring,  apparatus,  etc.,  not  specifically  covered  by  this  section  must  conform 
to  the  general  requirements  of  this  chapter,  and  the  term  theatre  shall  mean  a 
building,  or  that  part  of  a  building,  regularly  or  frequently  used  for  dramatic,  operatic, 
moving  picture  or  other  performances  or  shows  or  which  has  a  stage  for  such 
performances  used  with  scenery  or  other  stage  appliances. 

a.  Services. 

Where  supply  may  be  obtained  from  2  separate  street  mains,  2  separate  and  distinct 
services  must  be  installed,  1  service  to  be  of  sufficient  capacity  to  supply  current 
for  the  entire  equipment  of  theatre,  while  the  other  service  must  be  at  least  of 
sufficient  capacity  to  supply  current  for  all  emergency  lights.  Where  supply  cannot 
be  obtained  from  2  separate  sources,  the  feed  for  emergency  lights  must  be  taken 
from  a  point  on  the  street  side  of  main  service  fuses.  By  “emergency  lights”  are 

195 


CHAP.  9,  ART.  4 ,  SEC.  438. 


meant  exit  lights  and  all  lights  in  lobbies,  stairways,  corridors  and  other  portions  of 
theatre  to  which  the  public  have  access,  which  are  normally  kept  lighted  during  the 
performance. 

Where  source  of  supply  is  an  isolated  plant  within  the  same  building,  an  auxiliary 
service  of  at  least  sufficient  capacity  to  supply  all  emergency  lights  must  be  installed 
from  some  outside  source,  or  a  suitable  storage  battery  within  the  premises  may  be 
considered  the  equivalent  of  such  service. 

b.  Stage. 

All  permanent  construction  on  stage  side  of  proscenium  wall,  except  as  hereinafter 
provided,  must  be  approved  conduit  or  armored  cable. 

c.  Switchboards  must  be  of  the  dead  front  type  and  made  of  non-combustible, 
non-absorptive  insulating  material,  plans  of  each  board  to  be  approved  before  installa¬ 
tion.  Dimmers  must  be  dead  when  the  switch  controlling  circuit  of  which  dimmer 
forms  a  part  is  open. 

d.  Footlights  must  be  wired  in  approved  conduit  or  armored  cable,  each  lamp 
receptacle  being  enclosed  within  an  approved  outlet  box,  or  the  lamp  receptacles  may 
be  mounted  in  an  iron  or  steel  box,  metal  to  be  of  a  thickness  not  less  than  No.  20 
U.  S.  sheet  metal  gauge,  treated  to  prevent  oxidation,  so  constructed  as  to  enclose  all 
the  wires  and  providing  at  least  ^2  inch  separation  between  the  metal  of  the  box  and 
receptacle  terminals;  wires  to  be  soldered  to  lugs  of  receptacles. 

Footlights  must  be  so  wired  that  no  set  of  lamps  requiring  more  than  1,320  watts 
nor  more  than  32  receptacles  shall  be  dependent  upon  one  cut-out. 

e.  Borders  and  proscenium  sidelights. 

1.  Borders  and  proscenium  sidelights  must  be  constructed  of  steel  of  a  thickness 
not  less  than  No.  20  U.  S.  sheet  metal  gauge,  treated  to  prevent  oxidation,  be  suitably 
stayed  and  supported,  and  so  designed  that  flanges  of  reflectors  will  protect  lamps. 

2.  Borders  and  proscenium  sidelights  must  be  so  wired  that  no  set  of  lamps 
requiring  more  than  1,320  watts  nor  more  than  32  receptacles  shall  be  dependent  upon 
1  cut-out. 

3.  Borders  and  proscenium  sidelights  must  be  wired  in  approved  conduit  or 

armored  cable,  each  lamp  receptacle  to  be  enclosed  within  an  approved  outlet  box, 
or  the  lamp  receptacles  may  be  mounted  in  an  iron  or  steel  box,  metal  to  be  of  a 
thickness  not  less  than  No.  20  U.  S.  sheet  metal  gauge,  treated  to  prevent  oxidation,  so 
constructed  as  to  enclose  all  wires  and  providing  at  least  H  inch  separation  between 
the  metal  of  the  box  and  receptacle  terminals;  the  wires  to  be  soldered  to  lugs  of 
receptacles.  » 

4.  Borders  and  proscenium  sidelights  must  be  provided  with  suitable  guards  to 
prevent  scenery  or  other  combustible  material  coming  in  contact  with  lamps. 

5.  Cables  for  borders  must  be  of  approved  type  and  suitably  supported ;  conduit 
construction  must  be  used  from  switchboard  to  point  where  cables  must  be  flexible  to 
permit  of  the  raising  and  lowering  of  border. 

6.  For  the  wiring  of  the  border  proper,  wire  with  approved  slow-burning  insula¬ 
tion  must  be  used. 

7.  Borders  must  be  suitably  suspended,  and  if  a  wire  rope  is  used  same  must  be 
insulated  -by  at  least  1  strain  insulator  inserted  at  the  border. 

f.  Stage  and  gallery  pockets  must  be  of  approved  type,  insulated  from  ground 
and  controlled  from  switchboard,  each  receptacle  to  be  not  less  than  35  amperes  rating 
for  arc  lamps  nor  15  amperes  for  incandescent  lamps,  and  each  receptacle  to  be 
wired  to  its  full  capacity.  Arc  pockets  must  be  wired  with  wire  not  smaller  than 
No.  6  B.  &  S.  gauge  and  incandescent  pockets  with  not  less  than  No.  12  B.  &  S.  gauge. 

Plugs  for  arc  and  incandescent  pockets  must  not  be  interchangeable. 


196 


ELECTRICAL  CONTROL . 


g.  Scene  docks. 

Where  lamps  are  installed  in  scene  docks  they  must  be  so  located  and  installed  that 
they  will  not  be  liable  to  mechanical  injury. 

h.  Curtain  motors  must  be  of  enclosed  type  and  installed  so  as  to  conform  to 
the  requirements  of  §208  of  this  chapter. 

i.  Control  for  stage  flues. 

In  cases  where  dampers  are  released  by  an  electric  device  the  electric  circuit 
operating  same  must  be  normally  closed. 

Magnet  operating  damper  must  be  wound  to  take  full  voltage  of  circuit  by  which 
it  is  supplied,  using  no  resistance  device,  and  must  not  heat  more  than  normal  for 
apparatus  of  similar  construction.  It  must  be  located  in  loft  above  scenery  and  be 
installed  in  a  suitable  iron  box  with  a  tight  self-closing  door. 

Such  dampers  must  be  controlled  by  at  least  2  standard  single  pole  switches 
mounted  within  approved  iron  boxes  provided  with  self-closing  doors,  without  lock 
or  latch,  and  located,  one  at  the  electrician’s  station  and  others  as  designated. 

j.  Dressing  rooms  must  be  wired  in  approved  conduit  or  armored  cable. 

All  pendant  lights  must  be  equipped  with  approved  reinforced  cord,  armored  cable 
or  steel  armored  flexible  cord. 

All  lamps  must  be  provided  with  approved  guards  which  are  sealed  or  locked  in 
place. 

k.  Portable  equipment. 

Arc  lamps  used  for  stage  effects  must  conform  to  the  following  requirements : 

l.  Must  be  constructed  entirely  of  metal  of  a  thickness  not  less  than  No.  20  U.  S. 
sheet  metal  gauge  except  where  the  use  of  approved  insulating  material  is  necessary. 

2.  Must  be  substantially  constructed,  and  so  designed  as  to  provide  for  proper 
ventilation,  and  to  prevent  sparks  being  emitted  from  lamps  when  same  are  in  opera¬ 
tion,  and  mica  must  be  used  for  frame  insulation. 

3.  Front  opening  must  be  provided  with  a  self-closing  hinged  door  frame,  in 
which  wire  gauze  or  glass  must  be  inserted,  except  in  the  case  of  lens  lamps,  where 
the  front  may  be  stationary,  and  a  solid  door  be  provided  on  back  or  side. 

4.  Must  be  so  constructed  that  neither  carbons  nor  live  parts  will  be  brought  into 
contact  with  metal  of  hood  during  operation,  and  arc  lamp  frames  and  standards  must 
be  so  installed  and  protected  as  to  prevent  the  liability  of  their  being  grounded. 

5.  Switch  on  standard  must  be  so  constructed  that  accidental  contact  with  any 
live  portion  of  same  will  be  impossible. 

6.  All  stranded  connections  in  lamps  and  at  switch  and  rheostat  must  be  pro¬ 
vided  with  approved  lugs. 

7.  Rheostats  must  be  plainly  marked  with  their  rated  capacity  in  volts  and 
amperes,  and,  if  mounted  on  standards,  must  be  raised  to  a  height  of  at  least  3  inches 
above  floor.  Resistance  must  be  enclosed  in  a  substantial  and  properly  ventilated 
metal  case  which  affords  a  clearance  of  at  least  1  inch  between  case  and  resistance 
element.  * 

8.  A  competent  operator  must  be  in  charge  of  each  arc  lamp,  except  that  1 
operator  may  have  charge  of  2  lamps  when  they  are  not  more  than  10  feet  apart,  and 
are  so  located  that  he  can  properly  watch  and  care  for  both  lamps. 

l.  Bunches  must  be  substantially  constructed  of  metal  and  must  not  contain  any 
exposed  wiring;  cable  feeding  bunches  must  be  bushed  in  an  approved  manner  where 
passing  through  the  metal,  and  must  be  properly  secured  to  prevent  any  mechanical 
strain  from  coming  on  the  connection. 

m.  Strips  must  be  constructed  of  steel  of  a  thickness  not  less  than  No.  20  U.  S. 
sheet  metal  gauge,  treated  to  prevent  oxidation,  and  suitably  stayed  and  supported  and 
so  designed  that  flanges  will  protect  lamps.  Cable  must  be  bushed  in  a  suitable  manner 


197 


CHAP.  9,  ART.  4,  SEC.  438. 


where  passing  through  the  metal,  and  must  be  properly  secured  to  prevent  serious 
mechanical  strain  from  coming  on  the  connections.  Strips  must  be  wired  in  approved 
conduit  or  armored  cable,  each  lamp  receptacle  being  enclosed  within  an  approved  out¬ 
let  box  or  the  lamp  receptacles  may  be  mounted  in  an  iron  or  steel  box,  metal  to  be  of 
a  thickness  not  less  than  No.  20  U.  S.  sheet  metal  gauge,  treated  to  prevent  oxidation, 
so  constructed  as  to  enclose  all  wires,  the  wires  to  be  soldered  to  lugs  of  receptacles. 

n.  Portable  plugging  boxes  must  be  so  constructed  that  no  current  carrying 
part  will  be  exposed,  and  each  receptacle  must  be  protected  by  approved  fuses  mounted 
on  slate  or  marble  bases  and  enclosed  in  a  fireproof  cabinet  equipped  with  self-closing 
doors.  Each  receptacle  must  be  constructed  to  carry  30  amperes  without  undue  heat¬ 
ing,  and  the  busbars  must  have  a  carrying  capacity  equivalent  to  the  current  required 
for  the  total  number  of  receptacles,  and  approved  lugs  must  be  provided  for  the 
connection  of  the  master  cable. 

o.  Pin  plug  connectors  must  be  of  an  approved  type,  so  installed  that  the  female 
part  of  plug  will  be  on  live  end  of  cable,  and  must  be  so  constructed  that  tension  on 
the  cable  will  not  cause  serious  mechanical  strain  on  the  connections. 

p.  Portable  conductors  used  from  receptacles  to  arc  lamps,  bunches  and  other 
portable  equipments  must  be  approved  stage  cable,  except  that  for  the  purpose  of 
feeding  a  stand  lamp  under  conditions  where  conductors  are  not  liable  to  severe 
mechanical  injury  an  approved  reinforced  cord  may  be  used,  provided  cut-out  designed 
to  protect  same  is  not  fused  over  10  amperes  capacity. 

q.  Brackets  used  on  scenery  must  be  wired  entirely  on  the  inside,  fixture  stem 
must  come  through  to  the  back  of  the  scenery  and  end  of  stem  be  properly  bushed. 
Fixtures  must  be  securely  fastened  in  place. 

r.  String  or  festooned  light  wiring  must  be  of  approved  type,  joints  to  be 
properly  made,  soldered  and  taped,  and  staggered  where  practicable. 

Where  lamps  are  used  in  lanterns  or  similar  devices,  approved  guards  must  be 
employed. 

s.  Special  electrical  effects.  Where  devices  are  used  for  producing  special  effects 
such  as  lightning,  waterfalls,  etc.,  the  apparatus  must  be  so  constructed  and  located 
that  flames,  sparks,  etc.,  resulting  from  the  operation  cannot  come  in  contact  with 
combustible  material. 

t.  Auditorium  wiring  must  be  installed  in  approved  conduit,  metal  moulding  or 
armored  cable.  Where  receptacles  are  used,  they  must  be  enclosed  in  approved 
boxes. 

Exit  lights  must  not  have  more  than  1  set  of  fuses  between  same  and  service 
fuses.  Exit  lights  and  all  lights  in  halls,  corridors  or  any  other  part  of  the  building 
used  by  audience,  except  the  general  auditorium  lighting,  must  be  fed  independently 
of  the  stage  lighting,  and  must  be  controlled  only  from  the  lobby  or  other  convenient 
place  in  front  of  the  house.  All  fuses  must  be  enclosed  in  approved  cabinets. 

u.  Moving  picture  equipments  other  than  those  of  approved  miniature  type. 

1.  The  arc  lamp  used  as  a  part  of  a  moving  picture  machine  must  be  constructed, 
so  far  as  practicable,  similar  to  arc  lamps  of  theatres,  and  wiring  to  same  must  not 
be  of  less  capacity  than  No.  6  B.  &  S.  gauge.  The  leads  to  the  lamp  and  its  rheostat 
or  equivalent  device  must  be  protected  by  a  plug  cut-out  or  open  link  fuses,  the  latter 
enclosed  in  an  approved  cabinet  with  self-closing  door.  Cartridge  fuses  will  not  be 
permitted. 

2.  Rheostats,  transforming  devices  or  any  substitute  therefor  must  be  of  types 
expressly  designed  and  approved  for  the  purpose.  Their  installation  and  location  must 
be  subject  to  approval  as  parts  of  the  moving  picture  machine. 

3.  Top  and  bottom  reels  must  be  enclosed  in  steel  boxes  or  magazines,  each  with 
an  opening  of  approved  construction  at  bottom  or  top,  so  arranged  as  not  to  permit 

198 


ELECTRICAL  CONTROL. 


entrance  of  flame  to  magazine.  No  solder  is  to  be  used  in  the  construction  of  these 
magazines.  The  front  side  of  each  magazine  must  consist  of  a  door  swinging  hori¬ 
zontally  and  be  provided  with  a  substantial  latch. 

4.  An  automatic  shutter  must  be  provided  and  must  be  so  constructed  as  to  shield 
the  film  from  the  beam  of  light  whenever  the  film  is  not  running  at  operating  speed. 
Shutter  must  be  permanently  attached  to  the  gate  frame. 

5.  Extra  films  must  be  kept  in  individual  metal  boxes  equipped  with  tight-fitting 
covers. 

6.  Machine  operation  must  be  of  an  approved  type.  If  driven  by  a  motor,  the 
latter  must  be  of  a  type  expressly  designed  and  approved  for  such  operations,  and  when 
so  approved,  motor  driven  machines,  when  in  charge  of  a  skilled  operator,  may  be 
authorized  under  special  permission  in  writing,  given  in  advance. 

7.  Machine  must  be  placed  in  an  enclosure  or  house  made  of  suitable  fireproof 
material ;  must  be  properly  ventilated,  properly  lighted  and  large  enough  for  operator 
to  walk  freely  on  either  side  of  or  back  of  machine.  All  openings  into  this  booth  must 
be  arranged  so  as  to  be  entirely  closed  by  doors  or  shutters  constructed  of  the  same 
or  equally,  good  fire-resisting  material  as  the  booth  itself.  Doors  or  covers  must  be 
arranged  so  as  to  be  held  normally  closed  by  spring  hinges  or  equivalent  devices. 

8.  Reels  containing  films  under  examination  or  in  process  of  rewinding  must  be 
enclosed  in  magazines  or  approved  metal  boxes,  similar  to  those  required  for  films 
in  operation,  and  not  more  than  2  feet  of  film  shall  be  exposed  in  booth. 

v.  Moving  picture  equipments  of  approved  miniature  type  for  home,  lecture  and 
similar  purposes. 

1.  All  equipments  must  be  expressly  approved,  and  such  approval  must  cover 
the  entire  machine,  including  all  attachments,  current-controlling  devices  and  other 
parts  employed,  including  also  the  film. 

2.  The  entire  equipment  must  consume  not  more  than  660  watts. 

3.  Arc  lamps  must  be  constructed  so  far  as  practicable  in  accordance  with  the 
requirements  of  §438  k,  1,  2,  3,  4,  and  6  of  this  chapter,  and  incandescent  lamps 
must  be  suitably  enclosed. 

4.  Rheostats,  transformers,  switches  and  other  similar  current-controlling  devices 
must  be  attached  to  and  form  a  part  of  the  machine,  must  have  no  live  parts  exposed, 
and  must  comply  with  the  requirements  of  §565  and  §578  or  §581  a,  b,  of  this  chapter. 

5.  Films  must  be  of  an  improved  slow-burning  type  having  a  permanent  dis¬ 
tinctive  marker. 

6.  Machines  must  be  so  constructed  that  they  cannot  be  used  with  films  employed 
on  the  full-sized  commercial  moving  picture  machine.  This  may  be  accomplished  by 
using  a  film  of  special  width  or  with  special  perforations  or  by  any  other  approved 
means. 

7.  Machines  must  be  marked  with  the  name  or  trade-mark  of  the  maker,  and 
with  the  voltage  and  current  rating  for  which  they  are  designed,  and  be  plainly  marked, 
“For  use  with  slow-burning  films  only.” 

§439.  Outline  lighting. 

a.  Outline  lighting  must  be  connected  only  to  low-potential  systems. 

b.  Open  or  conduit  work  or  metal  trough  construction  may  be  used,  but  mould¬ 
ing  will  not  be  permitted. 

c.  Where  flexible  tubing  is  required,  the  ends  must  be  sealed  and  painted  with 
moisture  repellent  and  kept  at  least  Y&  inch  from  surface  wired  over. 

d.  Wires  for  use  in  rigid  or  flexible  steel  conduit  must  comply  with  requirements 
for  conduit  work.  Where  armored  cable  is  used,  the  conductors  must  be  protected 
from  moisture  by  lead  sheath  between  armor  and  insulation. 


199 


t 


CHAP.  9 ,  ART.  4,  SECS.  441,  442. 

e.  Outline  lighting  must  be  protected  by  its  own  cut-out,  and  controlled  by  its 
own  switch;  single  pole  switches  must  not  be  used.  Cut-offs,  switches,  flashers  and 
similar  appliances  must  be  of  approved  types  and  be  installed  as  required  by  this 
chapter  for  such  appliances,  and  if  outside  the  building,  must,  with  the  exception  of 
transformers  of  weatherproof  type,  be  installed  in  approved  weatherproof  cabinets. 

f.  Circuits  must  be  so  arranged  that  not  more  than  1,320  watts  will  be  dependent 
upon  one  cut-out. 

g.  Sockets  and  receptacles  must  be  of  the  keyless  porcelain  type  and  wires  must 
be  soldered  to  lugs  on  same.  Miniature  receptacles  will  not  be  approved  for  outdoor 
work. 

h.  For  open  work,  wires  must  be  approved  rubber  covered,  not  less  than  No. 

14  B.  &  S.  gauge,  and  must  be  rigidly  supported  on  non-combustible,  non-absorptive 
insulators,  which  separate  the  wires  at  least  1  inch  from  the  surface  wired  over. 
Rigid  supporting  requires,  under  ordinary  conditions  where  wiring  over  flat  surfaces, 
supports  at  least  every  4l/2  feet.  If  the  wires  are  liable  to  be  disturbed,  the  distance 
between  supports  should  be  shortened.  In  those  parts  of  circuits  where  wires  are 
connected  to  approved  receptacles  which  hold  them  at  least  1  inch  from  surface 

wired  over,  and  which  are  placed  not  over  1  foot  apart,  such  receptacles  will  be 

considered  to  afford  the  necessary  support  and  spacing  of  the  wires.  Between  re¬ 
ceptacles  more  than  1  foot,  but  less  than  2  feet,  apart  an  additional  non-combustible, 
non-absorptive  insulator  maintaining  a  separation  and  spacing  equivalent  to  the  re¬ 
ceptacles  must  be  used.  Except  as  above  specified,  wires  must  be  kept  apart  at  least 

2 y2  inches  for  voltages  up  to  300,  and  4  inches  for  higher  voltages. 

i.  For  metal  trough  construction,  the  troughs  and  other  details  must  comply 
with  the  requirements  of  §583  a  to  f,  hereof. 

§441.  Lighting  and  power  from  railway  wires. 

Lighting  and  power  from  railway  wires  will  not  be  permitted,  under  any  pre¬ 
tense,  in  the  same  circuit  with  trolley  wires  with  a  ground  return,  except  in  electric 
railway  cars,  electric  car  houses,  power  houses,  passenger  and  freight  stations  con¬ 
nected  with  the  operation  of  electric  railways. 

§442.  Garages. 

1.  Definition.  A  garage  is  that  portion  of  a  building  in  which  any  automobile 
carrying  volatile  inflammable  liquid  is  kept,  whether  such  automobile  be  kept  for 
use,  for  sale,  for  rental,  for  exhibition  or  for  demonstrating  purposes;  and  all  that 
portion  of  a  building  that  is  on  or  below  the  floor  or  floors  on  which  an  automobile 
carrying  volatile  inflammable  liquid  is  kept  and  is  not  separated  therefrom  by  tight 
unpierced  fire  walls  and  floors. 

2.  Wiring  and  appliances. 

a.  All  conductors  except  those  required  for  pendant  lamps  or  portable  con¬ 
nections  must  be  installed  in  approved  metal  conduit  or  approved  armored  ca¬ 
ble,  except  that  approved  metal  moulding  may  be  used  only  in  offices  and  show¬ 
rooms.  Metal  conduits,  armored  cable  or  metal  moulding  must  be  so  installed  that  all 
outlet  and  junction  boxes  shall  be  located  at  least  4  feet  above  the  floor. 

b.  Flexible  cord  for  pendant  lights  must  be  approved  reinforced  cord. 

c.  Flexible  cords  for  portable  lamps,  motors  or  other  apparatus  must  be  approved 
cord  designed  for  rough  usage.  The  portable  cord  must  carry  the  male  end  of  an 
approved  pin  plug  connector  or  equivalent,  the  female  end  being  of  such  design  or 
so  hung  that  the  connector  will  break  apart  readily  at  any  position  of  the  cable.  The 
connector  must  be  kept  at  least  4  feet  above  the  floor. 

d.  Flexible  cable  for  charging  must  be  of  approved  theatre  stage  type,  this  cable 


200 


ELECTRICAL  CONTROL. 


carrying  parts  of  approved  connectors  of  at  least  50  amperes  capacity.  The  con¬ 
nectors  must  be  of  such  design  or  so  hung  that  at  least  one  will  break  apart  readily 
at  any  position  of  the  cable.  Current-carrying  parts  of  connectors  must  be  shielded 
to  prevent  accidental  contact.  The  fixed,  or  wall  connector,  must  be  kept  at  least  four 
feet  above  the  floor,  and  if  not  located  on  switchboard  or  charging  panel,  must  be 
protected  against  accidental  contact. 

e.  Cut-outs,  switches,  key  sockets  and  receptacles  must  be  placed  at  least  four 
feet  above  the  floor,  except  as  provided  in  paragraph  g  below. 

f.  All  portable  lights  must  be  equipped  with  approved  keyless  sockets  of  moulded 
composition  or  metal  sheathed  porcelain  types.  The  sockets  must  be  equipped  with 
handle,  hook  and  substantial  guard. 

g.  Switchboards  and  charging  panels,  at  or  upon  which  are  mounted  devices 
which  in  operation  may  produce  a  spark,  must  be  located  in  a  room  or  enclosure 
provided  for  the  purpose  unless  all  such  spark  producing  devices  are  at  least  four  feet 
above  the  floor  or  surrounded  by  vapor  proof  enclosures. 

h.  Motors  or  dynamos,  not  actually  a  part  of  a  vehicle,  if  not  located  at  least 
4  feet  above  the  floor,  must  be  of  the  fully  enclosed  type.  Motors  located  4  feet 
or  more  above  the  floor,  if  not  of  the  fully  enclosed  type,  must  be  provided  with 
wire  screen  of  not  less  than  No.  14  mesh  over  openings  at  commutator  end. 

§443.  Electric  cranes. 

All  wiring,  apparatus,  etc.,  not  specifically  covered  by  special  rules  herein  given, 
must  conform  to  the  general  requirements  of  this  chapter  except  that  the  switch 
required  by  §208c  of  this  chapter  for  each  motor  may  be  omitted. 

a.  Wiring. 

1.  All  wires  except  bare  collector  wires,  those  between  resistances  and  contact 
plates  of  rheostats,  and  those  subjected  to  severe  external  heat,  must  be  approved 
rubber-covered  and  not  smaller  in  size  than  No.  12  B.  &  S.  gauge.  Insulation  on  wires 
between  resistances  and  contact  plates  of  rheostats  must  conform  to  paragraph  d 
hereof,  while  wires  subjected  to  severe  external  heat  must  have  approved  slow- 
burning  insulation. 

2.  All  wires  excepting  collector  wires  and  those  run  in  metal  conduit  or  approved 
flexible  cable  must  be  supported  by  knobs  or  cleats  which  separate  them  at  least  1  inch 
from  the  surface  wired  over,  but  in  dry  places,  where  space  is  limited  and  the  distance 
between  wires  as  required  by  §426h  of  this  chapter  cannot  be  obtained,  each  wire  must 
be  separately  encased  in  approved  flexible  tubing  securely  fastened  in  place. 

Collector  wires  must  be  supported  by  approved  insulators  so  mounted  that  even 
with  the  extreme  movement  permitted  the  wires  will  be  separated  at  all  times  at  least 
\y2  inches  from  the  surface  wired  over.  Collector  wires  must  be  held  at  the  ends 
by  approved  strain  insulators. 

3.  Main  collector  wires  carried  along  the  runways  must  be  rigidly  and  securely 
attached  to  their  insulating  supports  at  least  every  20  feet,  and  separated  at  least  6 
inches  when  run  in  a  horizontal  plane ;  if  not  run  in  a  horizontal  plane,  they  must  be 
separated  at  least  8  inches.  If  spans  longer  than  20  feet  are  necessary  the  distance 
between  wires  must  be  increased  proportionately,  but  in  no  case  shall  the  span  exceed 
40  feet. 

4.  Where  bridge  collector  wires  are  over  80  feet  long,  insulating  supports  on 
which  the  wires  may  loosely  lie  must  be  provided  at  least  every  50  feet. 

Bridge  collector  wires  must  be  kept  at  least  2 y2  inches  apart,  but  a  greater  spacing 
should  be  used  whenever  it  may  be  obtained. 


201 


CHAP.  9,  ART.  4,  SECS.  444-447. 


5.  Collector  wire's  must  not  be  smaller  in  size  than  specified  in  the  following  table 
for  the  various  spans : 


Distance  between  Size  wire 

rigid  supports,  required 

feet.  B.  &  S. 


0  to  30 .  6 

31  to  60 .  4 

Over  60 .  2 


b.  Collectors  must  be  so  designed  that  sparking  between  them  and  collector 
wires  will  be  reduced  to  a  minimum. 

c.  Switches  and  cut-outs. 

1.  The  main  collector  wires  must  be  protected  by  a  cut-out  and  the  circuit  con¬ 
trolled  by  a  switch-  Cut-out  and  switch  shall  be  so  located  as  to  be  easy  of  access  from 
the  floor. 

2.  Cranes  operated  from  cabs  must  have  a  cut-out  and  switch  connected  into  the 
leads  from  the  main  collector  wires  and  so  located  in  the  cab  as  to  be  readily  accessible 
to  the  operator. 

3.  Where  there  is  more  than  one  motor  on  a  single  crane,  each  motor  lead  must 
be  protected  by  a  cut-out  located  in  the  cab  if  there  is  one. 

d.  Controllers  must  be  installed  according  to  §  204  of  this  chapter,  except,  that  if 
the  crane  is  located  out  doors  the  insulation  on  wires  between  resistances  and  contact 
plates  of  rheostats  must  be  rubber  where  the  wires  are  exposed  to  moisture  and  insu¬ 
lation  is  necessary  and  also  where  they  are  grouped.  If  the  crane  operates  over  readily 
combustible  material  the  resistance  must  be  placed  in  an  enclosure  made  of  non¬ 
combustible  material,  thoroughly  ventilated  and  so  constructed  that  it  will  not  permit 
any  flames  or  molten  metal  to  escape  in  the  event  of  burning  out  the  resistances.  If 
the  resistances  are  located  in  the  cab,  this  result  may  be  obtained  by  constructing  the 
cab  of  non-combustible  material  and  providing  sides  which  enclose  the  cab  from 
its  floor  to  a  height  of  at  least  6  inches  above  the  top  of  the  resistances. 

e.  The  motor  frames,  the  entire  frame  of  the  crane  and  the  tracks  must  be  per¬ 
manently  and  effectively  grounded. 

§444.  Wires,  high  potential  systems  in  central  stations,  substations  and  trans= 
former  vaults. 

Special  permission  in  writing  may  be  given  for  the  installation  of  wires  of  high 
potential  systems  under  such  restrictions  as  the  commissioner  may  prescribe. 

§445.  Transformers,  high  potential. 

a.  Transformers  must  be  located  as  near  as  possible  to  the  point  at  which  the 
primary  wires  enter  the  building. 

b.  Transformers  must  be  placed  in  an  enclosure  constructed  of  fireproof  ma¬ 
terial.  The  enclosure  shall  have  no  opening  to  the  building  except  through  an 
approved  tight-fitting  fire  door.  It  shall  be  ventilated  in  some  approved  manner,  be 
used  only  to  contain  the  transformers  and  other  high  potential  regulating  devices, 
and  be  kept  securely  locked  to  prevent  access  by  other  than  responsible  persons.  Suit¬ 
able  oil  drains  and  guard  sills  shall  be  provided,  as  may  be  required  by  the  com¬ 
missioner. 

c.  The  transformer  case  must  be  permanently  and  effectually  grounded. 

§447.  Wires,  extra  high  potential. 

a.  Primary  wires  must  not  be  brought  into  or  over  buildings,  except  power  sta¬ 
tions,  sub-stations  and  transformer  vaults. 

202 


ELECTRICAL  CONTROL. 


b.  Secondary  wires  must  be  installed  under  rules  for  high-potential  systems  when 
their  immediate  primary  wires  carry  a  current  at  a  potential  of  over  3,500  volts, 
unless  the  primary  wires  are  installed  in  accordance  with  the  requirements  of  article 
3  of  this  chapter  or  are  entirely  underground. 

ARTICLE  5. 


Fittings,  Materials  and  Details  of  Construction. 

Section  548. 

Fittings,  materials  and  details  of  construction. 

549. 

Wires,  general. 

550. 

Rubber  covered  wires. 

551. 

Flexible  cords. 

552. 

Fixture  wire. 

553. 

Conduit  wire. 

554. 

Armored  cable  and  cord. 

555. 

Slow  burning  weatherproof  wire. 

556. 

Slow  burning  wire. 

557. 

Weatherproof  wire. 

558. 

Metal  conduits. 

559. 

Outlet,  junction  and  flush  switch  boxes. 

560. 

Metal  mouldings. 

561. 

Tubes  and  bushings. 

562. 

Cleats. 

563. 

Flexible  tubing. 

564. 

Knobs. 

565. 

Switches. 

566. 

Circuit  breakers. 

567. 

Cut-outs. 

568. 

Fuses. 

569. 

Panel  boards- 

570. 

Cabinets  and  cut-out  boxes. 

571. 

Rosettes. 

572. 

Sockets,  including  lamp  receptacles. 

573. 

574. 

Arc  lamps. 

575. 

576. 

Insulating  joints. 

577. 

Fixtures. 

578. 

Rheostats,  resistance  boxes  and  equalizers. 

579. 

Auto-starters. 

'  580. 

Reactive  coils  and  condensers. 

581. 

Transformers,  low  potential. 

582. 

Lightning  arresters. 

583. 

Electric  signs  (for  low  potential  systems  only). 

584. 

§548.  Fittings, 

,  materials  and  details  of  construction. 

The  requirements  and  provisions  of  this  article  prescribe  the  general  character¬ 
istics  and  classifications  of  fittings,  materials  and  details  of  construction.  Specifications 
for  performance  of  fittings  and  materials,  both  under  test  and  in  service,  shall  be  as 
prescribed  from  time  to  time  by  the  commissioner.  All  fittings,  materials  and  details 
of  construction  must  be  approved  by  the  commissioner  before  being  placed  in  service. 
§549.  Wires,  general. 

a.  Wires,  cables  and  cords  of  all  kinds  designed  to  meet  the  following  specifica¬ 
tions  must  have  a  distinctive  marking  the  entire  length  of  the  coil  so  that  they  may  be 
readily  identified  in  the  field.  They  must  also  be  plainly  tagged  or  marked  as  follows : 

203 


CHAP.  9,  ART.  5,  SEC.  550. 


Wires  described  under  §557  need  not  have  the  distinctive  markings  but  are  to  be 
tagged. 

1.  The  maximum  working  pressure  or  voltage  for  which  the  wire  was  tested  or 
approved.  This  may  be  omitted  for  the  wires  described  under  §§555,  556  and  557  of 
this  chapter. 

2.  The  words  “National  Electrical  Code  Standard.” 

3.  Name  of  the  manufacturing  company  and,  if  desired,  trade  name  of  the  wire. 

4.  Month  and  year  when  manufactured. 

5.  The  proper  type  letter  for  the  particular  style  of  wire  or  cable  as  given  in  the 


following  schedule  for  each  type  of  insulation. 

RS — Rubber  coated  single  braided  for  voltage .  0-600 

RS-15 — Rubber  covered  single  braided  for  maximum  voltage .  1500 

RS-25 — Rubber  covered  single  braided  for  maximum  voltage .  2500 

RS-35 — Rubber  covered  single  braided  for  maximum  voltage .  3500 

RS-50 — Rubber  covered  single  braided  for  maximum  voltage .  5000 

RS-70 — Rubber  covered  single  braided  for  maximum  voltage .  7000 

RD,RD15 — Rubber  covered  double  braided,  etc. 

RSL — Rubber  covered,  single  braided,  leaded. 

RDL — Rubber  covered,  double  braided,  leaded. 

AC — Wires  for  use  in  armored  cable. 

ACL — Leaded  wires  for  use  in  armored  cable. 


b.  Conductors  or  the  strands  of  conductors  must  not  vary  in  either  diameter  or 
in  conductivity  more  than  an  approved  per  cent,  from  the  standards  adopted  by  the 
American  Institute  of  Electrical  Engineers. 

§550.  Rubber=covered  wire. 

a.  Conductors. 

No  individual  conductor,  whether  solid  or  stranded,  shall  be  less  than  No.  14 
B.  &  S.  gauge  in  nominal  size. 

All  conductors  and  the  individual  wires  of  stranded  conductors  shall  be  tinned. 

b.  Insulation. 

Conductors  shall  be  insulated  for  their  entire  length  with  a  properly  applied  and 
properly  vulcanized  rubber  compound. 

The  insulation  must  be  of  the  nominal  thickness  given  in  the  following  table,  the 
requirements  of  which  vary  according  to  the  sizes  of  conductors  and  the  maximum 
working  pressure : 

41 

Table  of  thickness  of  Rubber  Insulation  for  Rubber-Covered  Wires  and  Cables  in 

64th  Inches. 


RS.  RS-15. 


Type  Letters. 

RS-25.  RS-35.  RS-50.  RS-70. 


Size  of  Conductor.  For  Working  Pressures  Not  Over 

600  1500  2500  3500  5000  7000 
Volts.  Volts.  Volts.  Volts.  Volts.  Volts. 


American  or  B.  &  S.  gauge — 


14  to  8  .  3  4  6  8  12  16 

7  to  2  .  4  5  6  8  12  16 

1  to  0000  C.  M .  5  6  7  8  12  16 

225,000  to  500,000  .  6  7  8  9  12  16 

525,000  to  1,000,000  .  7  8  9  10  12  16 

Over  1,000,000  .  8  9  10  11  14  18 


204 


ELECTRICAL  CONTROL. 


c.  Coverings. 

All  single  conductor  rubber-insulated  wires  and  cables  must  have  a  covering  of 
fibrous  material  applied  directly  to  the  surface  of  the  insulating  wall. 

For  any  single  conductor  wire  there  shall  be  at  least  1  braid  for  sizes  from  No. 
14  to  and  including  No.  8.  For  all  single  conductor  cables  larger  than  No.  8  there 
must  be  at  least  2  braids  or  a  tape  and  a  braid. 

For  twin  wires  and  twisted  pair  wires  and  for  all  multiple  conductor  cables  there 
shall  be  a  fibrous  covering  on  each  individual  wire  and  in  addition  a  braid  enclosing 
the  bunched  conductors. 

For  certain  special  service  conditions,  1  or  more  additional  coverings  of  fibrous 
material  or  of  lead  are  required. 

Fibrous  coverings  may  be  either  braid  or  tape,  but  tape  shall  not  be  used  for  the 
outer  covering.  All  braids  must  be  impregnated  with  a  moisture-proof  compound. 

Lead  coverings  may  be  applied  to  single  or  multiple  conductors.  Lead  covered 
multiple  conductor  cable  with  more  than  2  conductors  must,  in  all  cases,  have  the 
conductors  spirally  laid. 

In  all  cases  the  individual  conductors  in  lead  covered  cable  must  have  a  fibrous 
covering  and,  except  for  2  conductor  cables,  with  conductors  parallel,  there  must 
be  a  fibrous  covering  over  bunched  conductors. 

The  thickness  of  lead  covering  shall,  in  all  cases,  be  that  specified  for  cables  for 
the  various  sizes  and  forms. 

§551.  Flexible  cords — for  pendant  lamps  and  for  portable  use,  including  ele¬ 
vator  lighting  and  control  cables,  and  theatre  stage  and  border=light 
cables. 

a.  These  cords  and  cables  must  comply  with  the  requirements  of  §549  a  and  b 
of  this  chapter. 

b.  Conductors. 

Each-  conductor  must  have  a  carrying  capacity  not  less  than  that  of  a  No.  18 
B.  &  S.  gauge  wire  and  be  built  up  from  wires  of  approved  sizes. 

c.  Insulation. 

The  insulation  must  consist  of  properly  applied  and  properly  vulcanized  rubber 
compound  complying  with  approved  physical  and  chemical  tests. 

The  insulation  must  be  of  the  nominal  thickness  given  in  the  following  table: 

Thickness 

Inches 


B.  &  S.  gauge,  18  and  16 .  1/32 

B.  &  S.  gauge,  14  to  8 .  3/64 


For  exception  see  Type  PS  below  (§551f,  of  this  chapter), 
d.  Coverings. 

Each  conductor  must  be  covered  with  a  tight,  close  wind  of  fine  cotton  or  some 
other  method  must  be  employed  to  prevent  a  broken  strand  puncturing  the  insulation. 

Cords  of  the  several  types  must  comply  with  the  specifications  of  the  following 
table  with  respect  to  their  outer  protective  coverings,  and  the  special  rules  indicated  in 
the  last  column  of  the  table. 


205 


CHAP.  9 ,  ART.  5,  SEC.  552. 


Use. 

Type 

Trade  Name 

Braid  on  Each 
Conductor 

Reinforcement 
or  Filler 

Outer  Cover 

For 

Addi¬ 

tional 

Rules 

See 

Pendants 

Dry  Places 

C 

Lamp  Cord 

Glazed  Cotton 
or  Silk 

§  551e 

Pendants 
Damp  Places 

CB 

CC 

Brewery  Cord 
Canvasite  Cord 

Cotton  Wp. 
Cotton  Wp. 

Cotton  Wp. 

§  551e 
§  551e 

Portable 
Dry  Places 

P 

PO 

PS 

CA 

PA 

Reinforced  Cord 
Parallel  Cord 
Special  Reinf.  Cord 
Armored  Cord 
Armored  Reinf.  Cord 

Cotton 

Cotton 

Cotton 

Cotton 

Cotton 

Rubber  Jacket 

Rubber  Jacket 

Rubber  Jacket 

Glazed  Cot.  or  Silk 
Glazed  Cot.  or  Silk 
Glazed  Cot.  or  Silk 
Armor 

Glazed  Cotton  and 
Armor 

§  551f 
§  551f 

Portable 

Damp  Places 

PWp 

PkWp 

PAWp 

Reinforced  Cord  Wp. 
Packinghouse  Cord 
Armored  Reinf.  Cord 
Wp. 

Cotton 

Cotton 

Cotton 

Rubber  Jacket 
Filler 

Rubber  Jacket 

Cotton  Wp. 

2  Cotton,  both  Wp. 
Cotton  Wp.  and 
Armor 

§  551g 

TheatreStages 

T 

Stage  Cable 

Cotton  Wp. 

Filler 

2  Cotton,  bothWp. 

§  551g&h 

Thfeatre 

Borders 

B 

Border  Light  Cable 

Cotton  Wp. 

2  Cotton,  both  Wp. 

§  551g&i 

Elevator 
Lighting  and 
Control 

E 

Elevator  Cable 

Cotton 

Rubber  Jacket 
and 
or 

1  or  more  Cotton, 
both  Wp. 

3  Cotton,  outer 
one  Wp. 

§  551g8t 

e.  (Types  C,  CB  and  CC.)  In  these  classes  are  included  flexible  cords  which 
under  usual  conditions  hang  freely  in  air. 

f.  (Types  PO  and  PS.)  These  cords  are  for  use  only  in  offices,  dwellings  or 
similar  places  where  not  liable  to  rough  usage. 

For  Type  PO  the  conductors  may  be  either  laid  parallel  or  twisted  together. 

Type  PS  cord  may  be  made  only  with  conductors  of  No.  18  or  No.  16  B.  &  S. 
gauge  and  may  have  insulation  only  1/64  inch  in  thickness. 

g.  In  the  outer  cover  tape  may  be  substituted  for  an  inner  braid. 

h.  (Type  T.)  Shall  consist  of  not  more  than  3  conductors,  each  not  exceed¬ 

ing  No.  4  B.  &  S.  gauge,  twisted  together  and  with  a  filler.  The  insulation  on  each 
conductor  of  No.  6  to  No.  4  B.  &  S.  gauge  shall  be  1/16  inch  in  thickness. 

i.  (Type  B.)  The  conductors  must  be  cabled. 

j.  (Type  E.)  Conductors  for  elevator  lighting  cables  shall  not  be  smaller  than 
No.  14  and  for  elevator  control  cables  not  smaller  than  No.  16  B.  &  S.  gauge. 

k.  For  portable  heating  apparatus  (Type  H.)  : 

This  cord  is  for  use  with  all  smoothing  and  sad  irons  and  with  other  heating 
devices  requiring  over  250  watts. 

l.  Must  comply  with  the  requirements  of  §549  a,  b  and  §551b  of  this  chapter.  . 

2.  The  covering  may  consist  of  a  layer  of  rubber  or  other  approved  material  at 

least  1/64  inch  thick  (the  rubber  is  not  subject  to  the  tests  specified  for  other  rub¬ 

ber  compounds),  a  braided  covering  of  asbestos  1/32  inch  thick  and  of  approved 
quality,  an  outer  braid  1/64  inch  thick  enclosing  either  all  the  conductors  as  a  whole 
or  each  conductor  separately. 

3.  Other  types  of  covering  must  be  submitted  for  special  examination  and  ap¬ 
proval  before  being  used. 

§552.  Fixture  wire. 

a.  Fixtures  may  be  wired  with  approved  flexible  cord  or  approved  rubber-covered 
wire. 


206 


ELECTRICAL  CONTROL. 


In  wiring  certain  fixtures  (see  §§430d  and  435d  of  this  chapter)  conductors  having 
approved  slow-burning  or  other  heat-resisting  coverings  must  be  used. 

b.  Other  wires  for  use  in  fixtures  (Types  F-64  and  F-32)  must  comply  with 
the  requirements  of  §549  a  and  b  of  this  chapter,  and  with  the  requirements  of  para¬ 
graphs  c  to  e  inclusive  of  this  section. 

c.  Conductors. 

May  be  either  solid  or  stranded  in  an  approved  manner  and  must  not  be  smaller 
than  No.  18  B.  &  S.  gauge. 

If  stranded  conductor  is  used  each  conductor  must  be  covered  with  a  tight  close 
wind  of  fine  cotton  or  some  other  method  must  be  used  to  prevent  a  broken  strand 
puncturing  the  insulation.  Solid  conductors  must  be  tinned. 

d.  Insulation. 

The  insulation  must  consist  of  properly  applied  and  properly  vulcanized  rubber 
compound  complying  with  approved  physical  and  chemical  tests. 

The  thickness  of  insulation  shall  not  be  less  than  1/64  inch  for  No.  18  B.  &  S. 
gauge  wire  and  not  less  than  1/32  inch  for  No.  16  B.  &  S.  gauge. 

e.  Coverings. 

Must  be  a  braid  which  if  of  cotton  must  be  at  least  1/64  inch  in  thickness. 

§553.  Conduit  wire. 

For  conduit  work  wires  of  either  types  RS  (No.  14  to  No.  8,  inch),  RD,  RSL  or 
RDL  must  be  used. 

§554.  Armored  cable  and  cord. 

a.  The  armored  cable  or  cord  must  comply  with  approved  tests  for  flexibility  and 
for  resistance  to  withdrawal  of  the  conductors  from  the  armor.  The  armor  must 
comply  with  approved  tests  for  weight,  tensile  strength  and  elongation. 

b.  Strips  if  used  in  forming  the  armor  must  be  of  approved  thickness  and  if  of 
steel  must  be  protected  against  corrosion  in  an  approved  manner. 

c.  The  conductors  must  comply  with  the  requirements  for  rubber-covered  wires 
or  cords  of  the  specified  types  and  construction. 

d.  The  cable  or  cord  must  have  q.  distinctive  marker  its  entire  length. 

§555.  Slow=burning  weatherproof  wire. 

a.  The  insulation  must  consist  of  2  coatings,  1  to  be  fireproof  and  the  other 
weather-proof.  The  fireproof  coating  must  be  on  the  outside  and  must  comprise  about 
6/10  of  the  total  thickness  of  the  wall. 

The  thickness  of  the  completed  covering  shall  be  not  less  than  that  specified  for 
rubber  insulation  of  0-600  volt  rubber-rcovered  wires. .  (See  §550b  of  this  chapter.) 

b.  Must  comply  with  the  requirements  of  §549  a  and  b  of  this  chapter. 

§556.  SIow=burning  wire. 

a.  The  insulation  must  consist  of  3  braids  of  cotton  or  other  thread,  all  the 
interstices  of  which  must  be  filled  with  the  fireproofing  compound  or  with  material 
having  equivalent  fire  resisting  and  insulating  properties.  The  outer  braid  must  be 
specially  designed  to  withstand  abrasion,  and  its  surface  must  be  finished  smooth  and 
hard. 

The  thickness  of  the  completed  covering  shall  be  not  less  than  that  specified  for 
the  rubber  insulation  of  0-600  volt  rubber-covered  wires.  (See  §550b  of  this  chapter.) 

b.  Must  comply  with  requirements  of  §549  a  and  b  of  this  chapter. 

c.  Slow-burning  wires  especially  designed  and  approved  for  use  in  fixtures  (see 
§552  of  this  chapter)  need  not  necessarily  comply  with  the  requirements  of  paragraphs 
a  and  b  of  this  section. 


20  7 


CHAP.  9,  ART.  5,  SECS.  557,  558. 


§557.  Weatherproof  wire. 

a.  The  insulating  covering  shall  consist  of  at  least  3  braids,  all  of  which 
must  be  thoroughly  saturated  with  a  dense  moisture-proof  compound. 

The  thickness  of  the  completed  covering  shall  be  not  less  than  that  specified  for 
the  rubber  insulation  of  0-600  volt  rubber-covered  wires.  (See  §550b  of  this  chapter.) 

b.  Must  comply  with  requirements  of  §549  a  and  b  of  this  chapter. 

§558.  Metal  conduits. 

1.  Rigid  conduit. 

a.  Each  length  of  conduit  must  have  the  maker’s  name  or  initials  stamped  in 
the  metal  or  attached  thereto  in  a  satisfactory  manner,  so  that  inspectors  can  readily 
see  the  same. 

b.  The  tube  used  in  the  manufacture  of  the  conduit  must  be  of  mild  steel;  and 
must  be  of  sufficiently  true,  circular  section  to  admit  of  cutting  true,  clean  threads; 
it  must  be  very  closely  the  same  in  wall  thickness  at  all  points.  Welds  must  be  thor¬ 
oughly  well  made. 

c.  The  tube  must  be  thoroughly  cleaned  to  remove  all  scale  and  rust  from  both 
inside  and  the  outside  surfaces  by  some  process,  mechanical  or  otherwise,  which  will 
permit  the  protecting  coating  to  take  a  smooth  finish  and  which  will  not  reduce  the 
weight  of  the  tube  sufficiently  to  cause  the  finished  conduit  to  weight  less  than  is 
given  in  §558i,  of  this  chapter. 

d.  All  surfaces  of  the  tube  must  be  protected  against  corrosion  by  an  approved 
method. 

e.  Elbows,  bends  and  similar  fittings  must  be  made  of  full-weight  material,  such 
as  is  specified  for  the  conduit  proper,  and  must  be  treated,  coated,  threaded,  etc.,  in 
every  way  corresponding  to  the  specifications  for  conduit  so  far  as  they  apply. 

f.  Threads  upon  conduits,  couplings,  elbows  and  bends  must  be  full  and  clean 
cut.  Their  pitch  and  form  must  conform  to  the  Briggs’  standard  for  pipe  threads. 

The  taper  of  threads  on  conduit  must  not  exceed  three-quarter  inches  per  foot. 
The  perfect  thread  must  be  tapered  for  its  entire  length.  Couplings  must  be  tapped 
straight.  If  threads  are  cut  after  the  protecting  coatings  are  applied  they  must  be 
treated  to  prevent  corrosion  taking  place  before  the  conduit  is  actually  installed. 

g.  The  finished  conduit  as  shipped  must  be  in  10-foot  lengths,  with  each  end 
reamed  and  threaded.  For  each  length  at  least  1  coupling  must  be  furnished.  The 
finished  conduit  with  coupling  must  not  weigh  less  than  is  given  in  the  following 
table.  All  finished  conduit  must  be  inspected  visually,  both  inside  and  out,  for  poor 
coatings,  hard  scale  or  other  similar  defects.  It  must  have  an  approved  interior  coat¬ 
ing  of  a  character  and  appearance  which  will  readily  distinguish  it  from  ordinary 
commercial  pipe  commonly  used  for  other  than  electrical  purposes. 


Minimum  Weight 
of  Ten  (10)  Foot 

Electrical  Lengths  of  Finished 

Trade  Size.  Conduit  with 

Couplings. 


Inches.  Pounds. 

1/4 .  38.5 

3/8 .  51.5 

1/2 .  79.0 

3/4 .  105 

1  .  153 

1  1/4 .  201 


208 


ELECTRICAL  CONTROL. 


Minimum  Weight 
of  Ten  (10)  Foot 

Electrical  Lengths  of  Finished 

Trade  Size.  Conduit  with 

Couplings. 


Inches.  Pounds. 

11/2 .  249 

2  334 

2  1/2 .  527 

3  690 

3  1/2 .  831 

4  .  982 

4  1/2 .  1150 

5  1344 

6  1770 


2.  Flexible  conduit. 

h.  Must  be  so  flexible  that  the  conduit  may  be  bent  in  a  curve,  the  inner  edge 
of  which  has  a  radius  equal  to  that  specified  in  the  following  table,  without  opening 
up  the  tube  at  any  point: 


Weight  in  Pounds 


Electrical 
Trade  Size, 
Inches. 

Internal 

Diameter, 

Inches. 

Thickness 
of  Strip, 
Inches. 

Per  100  Feet. 

Radius  of 
Curvatures, 
Inches. 

Single 

Strip. 

Double 

Strip. 

5/16 

5/16 

.025 

17  3/4 

20  1/2 

2  1/4 

3/8 

3/8 

.034 

29 

33  1/2 

2  1/2 

1/2 

5/8 

.040 

54 

62 

3  1/2 

3/4 

13/16 

.040 

68 

78  1/2 

4  1/2 

1 

1 

.055 

108 

129  1/2 

5 

1  1/4 

1  1/4 

.055 

132 

158 

5  1/2 

2  1/2 

2  1/2 

.060 

171 

205 

6 

2 

2 

.060 

224 

269 

8 

2  1/2 

2  1/2 

.060 

277 

332 

10  1/2 

i.  Must  be  of  such  design  that  after  a  3-foot  sample  has  been  subjected  to  a 
tension  of  200  lbs.  for  1  minute  the  conduit  will  not  be  opened  up  at  any  point. 

j.  For  steel  conduits  the  internal  diameter,  the  thickness  of  the  strip  and  the 
weight  of  the  finished  conduit  must  be  not  less  than  the  values  given  in  the  following 
table.  For  flexible  conduit  of  other  than  the  strip  type  an  equivalent  construction 
must  be  provided. 

k.  If  of  steel,  the  metal  must  be  thoroughly  galvanized  or  coated  with  an 
approved  rust  preventive.  Interior  surfaces  of  the  conduit  must  be  free  from  burrs 
or  sharp  edges  which  might  cause  abrasion  of  the  wire  coverings. 

l.  Must  have  a  distinctive  marking  its  entire  length  so  that  the  flexible  conduit 
may  be  readily  identified  in  the  field.  Coils  must  also  be  plainly  tagged  or  marked 
with  the  name  or  trade  mark  of  the  manufacturing  company. 

§559.  Outlet,  junction  and  flush  switch  boxes. 

a.  Boxes  must  be  of  pressed  steel  having  wall  thickness  of  not  less  than  .078  inch 
(No.  14  U.  S.  metal  gauge),  or  of  cast  metal  having  wall  thickness  not  less  than 

209 


CHAP.  9,  ART  5,  SEC.  560. 


inch.  Junction  boxes  of  larger  sizes  must  comply  with  requirements  of  §570  of  this 
chapter,  but  must  be  in  all  cases  of  metal. 

b.  Boxes  must  be  well  galvanized,  enameled  or  otherwise  properly  coated,  inside 
and  out,  to  prevent  oxidation. 

c.  Boxes  must  be  so  made  that  all  openings  not  in  use  will  be  effectively  closed 
by  metal  which  will  afford  protection  substantially  equivalent  to  the  walls  of  the  box. 

Fittings  which  are  designed  for  bringing  conductors  other  than  flexible  cords 
from  metal  conduits  to  exposed  wiring  must  be  provided  with  non-absorptive,  non¬ 
combustible  insulating  bushings  which  must  separately  insulate  each  conductor.  For 
flexible  cords,  such  fittings,  including  covers  of  outlet  boxes,  must  either  be  provided 
with  approved  bushings  or  have  smooth,  well-rounded  surfaces  for  the  cord  to  bear 
upon. 

d.  Boxes  must  be  plainly  marked,  where  the  marking  may  readily  be  seen  when 
installed,  with  the  name  or  trade  mark  of  the  manufacturer. 

e.  Boxes  must,  in  case  of  combination  gas  and  electric  outlets,  be  so  arranged 
that  connection  with  gas  pipe  at  outlet  may  be  made  by  means  of  an  approved  device. 
Fixture  studs,  where  not  a  part  of  the  box,  must  be  made  of  malleable  iron  or  other 
approved  material.  Boxes  must  be  arranged  to  secure  in  position  the  conduit  or 
flexible  tubing  protecting  the  wire. 

f.  Switch  and  outlet  boxes  must  be  so  arranged  that  they  can  be  securely  fastened 
in  place  independently  of  the  support  afforded  by  the  conduit  piping,  except  that  when 
entirely  exposed,  approved  boxes,  which  are  threaded  so  as  to  be  firmly  supported 
by  screwing  on  to  the  conduit,  may  be  used. 

g.  Switch  and  receptacle  boxes  must  completely  enclose  the  switch  or  receptacle 
on  sides  and  back,  and  must  provide  a  thoroughly  substantial  support  for  it.  The 
retaining  screws  for  the  box  must  not  be  used  to  secure  the  switch  in  position.  Boxes 
for  floor  outlets  shall  be  designed  to  completely  enclose  the  receptacle  and  attachment 
plugs,  if  any,  to  protect  them  from  mechanical  injury  and  to  exclude  moisture. 

h.  Covers  for  outlet  boxes,  if  made  of  metal,  must  be  equal  in  thickness  to  that 
specified  for  the  walls  of  the  box,  or  must  be  of  metal  lined  with  an  insulating  material 
not  less  than  1-32  inch  in  thickness,  firmly  and  permanently  secured  to  the  metal. 
Covers  may  also  be  made  of  porcelain  or  other  approved  material,  provided  they  are 
of  such  form  and  thickness  as  to  afford  suitable  protection  and  strength. 

§560.  Metal  moulding. 

a. 

b.  The  installation  of  wooden  moulding  is  prohibited. 

c.  Each  length  of  metal  moulding  must  have  maker’s  name  or  trade  mark 
stamped  in  the  metal,  or  in  some  manner  permanently  attached  thereto,  in  order  that 
it  may  be  readily  identified  in  the  field. 

d.  Metal  moulding  must  be  constructed  of  iron  or  steel  with  backing  at  least  .050 
inch  in  thickness,  and  with  capping  not  less  than  .040  inch  in  thickness,  and  so  con¬ 
structed  that  when  in-place  the  raceway  will  be  entirely  closed;  must  be  thoroughly 
galvanized  or  coated  with  an  approved  rust  preventative,  both  inside  and  out,  to  pre¬ 
vent  oxidation. 

e.  Elbows,  couplings  and  all  other  similar  fittings  must  be  constructed  of  at  least 
the  same  thickness  and  quality  of  metal  as  the  moulding  itself,  and  so  designed  that 
they  will  both  electrically  and  mechanically  secure  the  different  sections  together  and 
maintain  the  continuity  of  the  raceway.  The  interior  surfaces  must  be  free  from 
burrs  or  sharp  corners  which  might  cause  abrasion  of  the  wire  coverings. 

f.  Metal  moulding  must  at  all  outlets  be  so  arranged  that  the  conductors  cannot 
come  in  contact  with  the  edges  of  the  metal,  either  of  capping  or  backing.  Specially 

210 


ELECTRICAL  CONTROL. 


designed  fittings  which  will  interpose  substantial  barriers  between  conductors  and  the 
edges  of  metal  are  recommended. 

g.  When  backing  is  secured  in  position  by  screws  or  bolts  from  the  inside  of  the 
raceway,  depressions  must  be  provided  to  render  the  heads  of  the  fastenings  flush 
with  the  moulding. 

h.  Metal  mouldings  must  be  used  for  exposed  work  only  and  must  be  so  con¬ 
structed  as  to  form  an  open  raceway  to  be  closed  by  the  capping  or  cover  after  the 
wires  are  laid  in. 

§561.  Tubes  and  bushings. 

a.  Tubes  and  bushings  must  be  made  straight  and  free  from  checks  or  rough 
projections,  with  ends  smooth  and  rounded  to  facilitate  the  drawing  in  of  the  wire 
and  prevent  abrasion  of  its  covering. 

b.  Tubes  and  bushings  must  be  made  of  approved  non-combustible,  non-absorp- 
tive  insulating  material. 

§562.  Cleats. 

a.  Cleats  must  hold  the  wire  firmly  in  place  without  injury  to  its  covering. 

b.  Bearing  points  on  the  surface  of  cleats  must  be  made  by  ridges  or  rings 
about  the  holes  for  supporting  screws,  in  order  to  avoid  cracking  and  breaking  when 
screwed  tight. 

c.  Cleats  must  be  made  of  approved  non-combustible,  non-absorptive  insulating 
material. 

e.  Cleats  must  conform  to  the  spacings  given  in  the  following  table : 

Voltage,  0-300.  Distance  from  wire  to  surface,  y2  inch.  Distance  between  wires, 
2 y2  inches. 

§563.  Flexible  tubing. 

a.  Flexible  tubing  must  have  a  sufficiently  smooth  interior  surface  to  allow  the 
ready  introduction  of  the  wire. 

b.  Flexible  tubing  must  be  constructed  of  or  treated  with  materials  which  will 
serve  as  moisture  repellents. 

c.  The  tube  must  be  so  designed  that  it  will  withstand  all  the  abrasion  likely  to 
be  met  with  in  practice. 

d.  The  linings,  if  any,  must  not  be  removable  in  lengths  of  over  3  feet. 

Flexible  tubing  must  not  close  to  prevent  the  insertion  of  the  wire  after  the  tube 

has  been  kinked  or  flattened  and  straightened  out. 

f.  Flexible  tubing  must  have  a  distinctive  marking  the  entire  length  of  the  tube, 
so  that  the  tubing  may  be  readily  identified  in  the  field. 

§564.  Knobs. 

a.  Split  knobs  must  be  constructed  in  2  parts,  a  base  and  a  cap,  arranged  to 
hold  the  wire  'firmly  in  place  without  injury  to  its  covering.  Sharp  edges  must  be 
avoided.  Solid  knobs  must  be  constructed  with  smooth  groove,  to  contain  wire. 

b.  Bearing  points  on  the  surface  of  knobs  must  be  made  by  a  ring  or  by  ridges 
on  the  outside  edge  of  the  base,  to  provide  for  stability.  At  least  y  inch  surface 
separation  must  be  maintained  between  the  supporting  screw  or  nail  and  the  con¬ 
ductor,  and  the  knob  must  be  so  constructed  that  the  supporting  screw  or  nail  cannot 
come  in  contact  with  the  conductor.  For  wires  larger  than  No.  4  B.  &  S.  gauge,  split 
knobs  (or  single  wire  cleats)  must  be  so  constructed  as  to  require  the  use  of  2 
supporting  screws. 

c.  Knobs  must  be  made  of  approved  non-combustible,  non-absorptive  insulating 
material. 

e.  Knobs  must  be  so  constructed  as  to  separate  the  wire  at  least  1  inch  from  the 
surface  wired  over. 


211 


CHAP.  9 ,  ART.  5,  SEC.  565. 


§565.  Switches. 

1.  General  Rules. 

a.  Switches  must,  when  used  for  service  switches,  indicate,  on  inspection,  whether 
the  current  be  “on”  or  “off.” 

b. 

2.  Knife  switches. 

c.  Knife  switches  must  be  mounted  on  non-combustible,  non-absorptive,  insu¬ 
lating  bases.  Other  materials  than  slate,  marble  or  porcelain  must  be  submitted  for 
special  examination  before  being  used.  Bases  with  an  area  of  over  25  square  inches 
must  have  at  least  4  supporting  screws.  Holes  for  the  supporting  screws  must  be  so 
located  or  countersunk  that  there  will  be  at  least  inch  space  measured  over  the 
surface,  between  the  head  of  the  screw  or  washer  and  the  nearest  live  metal  part,  and 
in  all  cases  when  between  parts  of  opposite  polarity  must  be  countersunk. 

d.  Pieces  carrying  the  contact  jaws  and  hinge  clips  must  be  secured  to  the  base 
by  at  least  2  screws,  or  else  made  with  a  square  shoulder,  or  provided  with  dowel 
pins,  to  prevent  possible  turning,  and  the  nuts  or  screw-heads  on  the  under  side  of 
the  base  must  be  countersunk  not  less  than  %  inch  and  covered  with  a  waterproof 
compound  which  will  not  melt  below  150  degrees  Fahrenheit  (65  degrees  Centigrade). 

e.  Hinges  of  knife  switches  must  not  be  used  to  carry  current  unless  they 
are  equipped  with  spring  washers,  held  by  lock-nuts  or  pins,  or  their  equivalent,  so 
arranged  that  a  firm  qnd  secure  connection  will  be  maintained  at  all  positions  of  the 
switch  blades. 

f.  All  switches  must  have  ample  metal  for  stiffness  and  to  prevent  rise  in  tem¬ 
perature  of  any  part  of  over  50  degrees  Fahrenheit  (28  degrees  Centigrade)  at  full 
load,  the  contacts  being  arranged  so  that  a  thoroughly  good  bearing  at  every  point 
is  obtained  with  contact  surfaces  advised  for  pure  copper  blades  of  about  1  square 
inch  for  each  75  amperes ;  the  whole  device  must  be  mechanically  well  made  through¬ 
out. 

g.  All  cross-bars  less  than  3  inches  in  length  must  be  made  of  insulating  material. 
Bars  of  3  inches  and  over,  which  are  made  of  metal  to  insure  greater  mechanical 
strength,  must  be  sufficiently  separated  from  the  jaws  of  the  switch  to  prevent  arcs 
following  from  the  contacts  to  the  bar  on  the  opening  of  the  switch  under  any  cir¬ 
cumstances.  Metal  bars  should  preferably  be  covered  with  insulating  material.  To 
prevent  possible  turning  or  twisting  the  cross-bar  must  be  secured  to  each  blade 
by  2  screws,  or  the  joints  made  with  square  shoulders  or  provided  with  dowel-pins. 

h.  Switches  for  currents  of  over  30  amperes  must  be  equipped  with  lugs,  firmly 
screwed  or  bolted  to  the  switch,  and  into  which  the  conducting  wjres  shall  be  soldered. 
For  switches  designed  for  currents  of  30  amperes  or  less,  heavy  clamps  or  screw 
and  washer  connections  with  upturned  lugs  may  be  used. 

i.  Knife  switches  must  operate  successfully  at  50  per  cent,  overload  in  amperes 
and  at  rated  voltage,  under  the  most  severe  conditions  with  which  they  are  liable  to 
meet  in  practice. 

j.  Knife  switches  must  be  plainly  marked  where  the  marking  can  be  read  when 
the  switch  is  installed,  with  the  name  of  the  maker  and  the  current  and  the  voltage  for 
which  the  switch  is  designed.  Switches  designed  for  250  volts  D.  C.  or  500  volts  A.  C. 
circuits,  without  fuses  on  the  switch  base,  must  be  marked  250  V.,  D.  C.,  500  V.,  A.  C. 
When  250-volt  fuse  terminals  are  mounted  on  the  switch  base,  the  marking  of  the 
switch  must  be  250  V.,  D.  C.  and  A.  C.  When  600-volt  fuse  terminals  are  mounted 
on  the  switch  base,  the  terminals  must  be  spaced  for  600-volt  fuses  and  the  switches 
marked  500  V.,  A.  C.  Triple  pole  switches  designed  with  125-volt  spacings,  between 
adjacent  blades,  must  be  marked  125  volts,  and  may  be  used  on  3-wire  D.  C.  or  single 
phase  systems  having  not  more  than  125  volts  between  adjacent  wires  and  not  more 

212 


ELECTRICAL  CONTROL. 

than  250  volts  between  the  two  outside  wires.  When  designed  with  250-volt  spacings 
between  adjacent  blades  triple  pole  switches  must  be  marked  250  volts  and  may  be 
used  on  3-wire  D.  C.  or  single  phase  systems  having  not  more  than  250  volts  between 
adjacent  wires  and  not  more  than  500  volts  between  the  two  outside  wires. 

k.  Spacings  and  dimensions  must  be  at  least  as  great  as  those  given  in  the 
following  tables  : 


Minimum 

Width  and  thickness.  separation  of  - 

r - A - >  nearest  metal  Minimum 

Clips  parts  of  break 

Blades.  and  hinges.  opposite  distance. 

polarity. 

in.  in.  in.  in. 


Table  1.  For  switchboards  and  panel  boards ;  not  over  125  volts  D.  C.  and  A.  C. : 

30  amp .  1-2x6-64  1-2x3-64  1  3-4 

60  amp .  11-4  1 

Table  2.  For  individual  switches;  not  over  125  volts  D.  C.  and  A.  C.  A  300- 
ampere  switch  with  the  spacings  of  the  200-ampere  switch  may  be  used  on  switch¬ 
boards  : 

30  amp .  1-2x5-64  1-2x3-64  1  1-4  1 

60  and  100  amp .  11-2  1  1-4 

200  amp .  2  1-4  2 

400  and  600  amp .  2  3-4  21-2 

800  and  1000  amp .  3  2  3-4 

Table  3.  For  all  switches;  250  volts  only  D.  C.  and  A.  C. : 

30  amp .  1-2x5-64  1-2x3-64  1 3-4  1 3-4 

Table  4.  For  all  switches;  not  over  250  volts  D.  C.,  nor  500  volts  A.  C.  A  300- 


fimpere  switch  with  the  spacings  of  the  200-ampere  switch  may  be  used  on  switch- 
hoards.  Cut-out  terminals  on  switches  for  over  250  volts  must  be  designed  and 
spaced  for  600-vovlt  fuses. 


30  amp .  5-8xl-8  5-8x1-16  21-4  2 

60  and  100  amp .  21-4  2 

200  amp .  21-2  2  1-4 

400  and  600  amp .  2  3-4  2  1-2 

800  and  1000  amp .  3  2  3-4 

Table  5.  For  all  switches;  not  over  600  volts  D.  C.  and  A.  C. : 

30  amp .  5-8xl-8  5-8x1-16  4  3  1-2 

60  “  .  4  31-2 

100  “  .  41-2  4 


Where  barriers  of  approved  design  and  made  of  suitable  non-absorptive,  non¬ 
combustible,  insulating  material  or  of  impregnated  hard  wood  are  placed  between 
parts  of  opposite  polarity,  the  minimum  separation  of  these  parts  on  switches  described 
in  Table  5  may  be  that  given  in  Table  4. 

Auxiliary  contacts  of  either  a  readily  renewable  or  a  quick-break  type  or  the 
equivalent  are  recommended  for  D.  C.  switches,  designed  for  over  250  volts,  and  must 
be  provided  on  D.  C.  switches  designed  for  use  in  breaking  currents  greater  than  100 
amperes  at  a  voltage  of  over  250.  For  3-wire  direct  current  and  3-wire  single  phase 
systems  the  separation  and  break  distances  for  plain  3-pole  knife  switches  must  not 
be  less  than  those  required  in  the  above  table  for  switches  designed  for  the  voltage 
between  neutral  and  outside  wires. 


213 


CHAP.  9 ,  ART.  5j  SEC.  566. 


3.  Snap  switches. 

l.  Current-carrying  parts  must  be  mounted  on  non-combustible,  non-absorptive, 
insulating  bases,  such  as  slate  or  porcelain,  and  the  holes  for  supporting  screws  should 
be  countersunk  not  less  than  Y  inch.  There  must  in  no  case  be  less  than  3-64  inch 
space  between  supporting  screws  and  current-carrying  parts. 

Sub-bases  must  be  so  designed  as  to  separate  the  wires  at  least  inch  from  the 
surface  wired  over.  They  must  be  of  a  non-combustible,  non-absorptive  insulating 
material. 

m.  Pieces  carrying  contact  jaws  must  be  secured  to  the  base  by  at  least  2  screws, 
or  else  made  with  a  square  shoulder,  or  provided  with  dowel-pins  or  otherwise 
arranged,  to  prevent  possible  turnings ;  and  the  nuts  or  screw  heads  on  the  under  side 
of  the  base  must  be  countersunk  not  less  than  Y  inch  and  covered  with  a  waterproof 
compound  which  will  not  melt  below  150  degrees  Fahrenheit  (65  degrees  Centigrade). 

n. 

o. 

p.  Binding  posts  must  be  substantially  made,  and  the  screws  must  be  of  such 
size  that  the  threads  will  not  strip  when  set  up  tight.  Switches  with  the  set-screw 
form  of  contact  will  not  be  approved. 

q.  Covers  made  of  conducting  material,  except  face  plates  for  flush  switches, 
must  be  lined  on  sides  and  top  with  insulating,  tough  and  tenacious  material  at  least 
1-32  inch  in  thickness,  firmly  secured  so  that  it  will  not  fall  out  with  ordinary  hand¬ 
ling.  The  side  lining  must  extend  slightly  beyond  the  lower  edge  of  the  cover. 

r.  The  handle  or  button  or  any  exposed  parts  must  not  be  in  electrical  connec¬ 
tion  with  the  circuit. 

s.  Snap  switches  must  “make”  and  “break”  with  a  quick  snap,  and  must  not  stop 
when  motion  has  once  been  imparted  by  the  button  or  handle. 

t.  Snap  switches  must  be  plainly  marked,  where  the  marking  may  be  readily  seen, 
with  the  name  or  trade-mark  of  the  maker  and  the  current  and  voltage  for  which 
the  switch  is  designed.  On  flush  switches  these  markings  may  be  placed  on  the  sub¬ 
plate.  On  surface  switches  with  covers  constructed  of  porcelain  or  other  moulded 
insulating  material  the  markings  may  be  on  the  inside  of  the  cover.  On  all  other  types 
they  must  be  placed  on  the  front  of  the  cap,  cover  or  plate. 

§566.  Circuit  breakers. 

1.  Generally. 

Circuit  breakers  for  operation  on  circuits  of  550  volts  or  less  must  be  made  to 
comply  with  the  following  specifications,  except  in  those  few  cases  where  peculiar 
design  allows  the  breaker  to  fulfill  the  general  requirements  in  some  other  way,  and 
where  it  can  successfully  withstand  the  prescribed  tests.  In  such  cases  the  breakers 
should  be  submitted  for  special  examination  and  approval  before  being  used. 

2.  Details  of  construction. 

a.  Circuit  breakers  must  be  mounted  on  non-combustible,  non-absorptive,  insu¬ 
lating  bases,  such  as  slate  or  marble.  Bases  with  an  area  of  over  25  square  inches 
must  have  at  least  4  supporting  screws.  Holes  for  the  supporting  screws  must  be  so 
located  or  countersunk  that  there  will  be  at  least  inch  space  measured  over  the 
surface  between  the  head  of  the  screw  or  washer  and  the  nearest  live  metal  part,  and 
in  cases  when  between  parts  of  opposite  polarity  must  be  countersunk. 

b.  Pieces  carrying  contact  parts  must  be  secured  to  the  base  by  at  least  2  screws, 
or  else  made  with  a  square  shoulder,  dowel  pin,  or  equivalent  device,  to  prevent  pos¬ 
sible  turning,  and  the  nuts  or  screw  heads  on  the  under  side  of  the  base  of  front- 
connected  breakers  must  be  countersunk  not  less  than  Y&  inch,  and  covered  with  a 
waterproof  compound  which  will  not  melt  below  150  degrees  Fahrenheit  (65  degrees 

214 


ELECTRICAL  CONTROL. 


Centigrade).  All  breakers  must  be  provided  with  easily  accessible  means  of  tripping 
them  by  hand  without  injury  to  the  operator. 

c. 

d. 

e. 

f. 

g.  Metal  work  of  automatic  overload  circuit  breakers  must  be  substantial  in 
construction,  and  must  have  ample  metal  for  stiffness.  The  contact  parts  shall  be 
arranged  so  that  thoroughly  good  bearings  are  obtained;  the  entire  device  must 
be  mechanically  well  made  throughout 

h.  Must  be  plainly  marked,  where  it  will  be  visible  when  installed,  with  the 
name  of  the  maker  and  the  current  and  voltage  for  which  the  device  is  designed. 

§567.  Cut=outs. 

1.  General  rules. 

a.  Cut-outs  must  be  supported  on  bases  of  non-combustibie,  non-absorptive,  insu¬ 
lating  material. 

b.  The  design  of  the  base  must  be  such  that,  considering  the  material  used,  the 
base  will  withstand  the  most  severe  conditions  liable  to  be  met  in  practice. 

c.  Bases  with  an  area  of  over  25  square  inches  must  have  at  least  4  sup¬ 
porting  screws.  Holes  for  supporting  screws  must  be  so  located  or  countersunk 
that  there  will  be  at  least  inch  space,  measured  over  the  surface,  between 
the  screw-head  or  washer  and  the  nearest  live  metal  part,  and  in  all  cases  where 
between  parts  of  opposite  polarity  must  be  countersunk. 

d.  Nuts  or  screw  heads  on  the  under  side  of  the  base  must  be  countersunk 
not  less  than  Y%  inch,  and  covered  with  a  waterproof  compound  which  will 
not  melt  below  150  degrees  Fahrenheit  (65  degrees  Centigrade). 

e.  Cut-outs  must  be  marked,  where  the  markings  will  be  plainly  visible  when  in¬ 
stalled,  with  the  name  of  the  maker,  and  current  and  voltage  for  which  the  device  is 
designed. 

2.  Link  fuse  cut-outs. 

f.  Spacings  must  be  at  least  as  great  as  those  given  in  the  following  table, 
which  applies  only  to  plain,  open-link  fuses  mounted  on  slate  or  marble  bases.  The 
spaces  given  are  correct  for  fuse-blocks  to  be  used  on  direct  current  systems,  and  can 
therefore  be  safely  followed  in  devices  designed  for  alternating  currents.  If  the 
copper  fuse-tips  overhang  the  edges  of  the  fuse-block  terminals,  the  spacing  should  be 
measured  between  the  nearest  edges  of  the  tips : 

Minimum 

separation  of  nearest 

metal  parts  of  Minimum 
opposite  polarity,  break-distance. 


Not  Over  125  volts : 


10  amperes  or  less . 

3-4 

inch 

3-4 

inch 

11-100  amperes  . 

.  1 

inch 

3-4 

inch 

Not  Over  125  volts : 

101-300  amperes  . 

.  1 

inch 

1 

inch 

301-1000  amperes  . 

.  1 

1-4 

inch 

1 

1-4 

inch 

Not  Over  250  volts  : 

10  amperes  or  less . 

.  1 

1-2 

inch 

1 

1-4 

inch 

11-100  amperes . . 

.  1 

3-4 

inch 

1 

1-4 

inch 

101-300  amperes  . 

.  2 

inch 

1 

1-2 

inch 

301-1000  amperes . 

.  2 

1-2 

inch 

2 

inch 

215 


CHAP.  9 ,  ART.  5,  SEC.  568. 


A  space  must  be  maintained  between  fuse  terminals  of  the  same  polarity  of  at 
least  y2  inch  for  voltage  up  to  125  and  of  at  least  Y  inch  for  voltages  from 
126  to  250.  This  is  the  minimum  distance  allowable,  and  greater  separation  should 
be  provided  when  practicable.  For  three-wire  systems  cut-outs  must  have  the 
break-distance  required  for  circuits  of  the  potential  of  the  outside  wires,  except  that 
in  125-250  systems  with  grounded  neutral  the  cut-outs  in  two-wire,  125  volt  branch 
circuits  may  have  the  spacings  specified  for  not  over  125  volts. 

g.  All  fuse-block  terminals  must  have  ample  metal  for  stiffness  and  to  pre¬ 
vent  rise  in  temperature  of  any  part  of  over  50  degrees  Fahrenheit  (28  degrees 
Centigrade)  at  full  load.  Terminals,  as  far  as  practicable,  should  be  made  of  com¬ 
pact  form  instead  of  being  rolled  out  in  thin  strips;  and  sharp  edges  of  thin  pro¬ 
jecting  pieces,  as  on  wing  thumb  nuts  and  the  like,  should  be  avoided.  Thin  metal, 
sharp  edges  and  projecting  pieces  are  much  more  likely  to  cause  an  arc  to  start  than 
a  more  solid  mass  of  metal.  It  is  a  good  plan  to  round  all  corners  of  the  terminals 
and  to  chamfer  the  edges. 

3.  Enclosed-fuse  cut-outs — plug  and  cartridge  type. 

h.  Enclosed  fuse  cut-outs  must  be  classified  as  regards  both  current  and  voltage 
as  given  in  the  following  table,  and  must  be  so  designed  that  the  bases  of  1  class 
cannot  be  used  with  fuses  of  another  class  rated  for  a  higher  current  or  voltage : 


Standard  plug  or  cartridge  cut-outs. 

Not  Over  250  Volts. 

Not  Over  600  Volts. 

0-  30  amperes. 

0-  30  amperes. 

31-  60 

31-  60 

61-100 

61-100 

101-200 

101-200 

201-400 

401-600 

201-400 

Sealable  service 

and  meter  cut-outs. 

Not  Over  250  Volts. 

Not  Over  600  Volts. 

0-  30  amperes. 

0-  30  amperes. 

31-  60 

31-  60  “ 

61-100 

61-100 

101-200 

101-200 

4.  Exceptions. 

The  foregoing  requirements  of  this  section  shall  not  apply  to  rosettes,  attachment 
plugs,  car-lighting  cut-outs  and  protective  devices  for  signaling  systems. 


§568.  Fuses. 

1.  Link  fuses. 

a.  Terminals  must  have  contact  surfaces  or  tips  of  harder  metal,  having  perfect 
electrical  connections  with  the  fusible  part  of  the  strip. 

b.  Link-fuses  must  be  stamped  with  about  80  per  cent,  of  the  maximum  current 
which  they  can  carry  indefinitely,  thus  allowing  about  25  per  cent,  overload  before 
the  fuse  melts. 

c.  Fuse  terminals  must  be  stamped  with  the  maker’s  name  or  initials,  or  with 
some  known  trade-mark. 


216 


ELECTRICAL  CONTROL. 


2.  Enclosed  fuses — plug  and  cartridge  type;  except  for  rosettes,  attachment  plugs, 
car-lighting  cut-outs  and  protective  devices  for  signal  systems. 

d.  The  fuse  casing  must  be  sufficiently  dust-tight  so  that  lint  and  dust  cannot 
collect  around  the  fusible  wire  and  become  ignited  when  the  fuse  is  blown. 

e.  Enclosed  fuses  must  be  classified  to  correspond  with  the  different  classes  of 
cut-out  blocks,  and  must  be  so  designed  that  it  will  be  impossible  to  put  any  fuse  of 
a  given  class  into  a  cut-out  block  which  is  designed  for  a  current  or  voltage  lower 
than  that  of  the  class  to  which  the  fuse  belongs. 

f.  The  fuse  terminals  must  be  sufficiently  heavy  to  insure  mechanical  strength 
and  rigidity.  The  styles  of  terminals,  except  for  use  in  sealable  service  and  meter 
cut-outs,  must  be  as  follows: 

Not  over  250  volts — 

A.  Cartridge  fuse  (ferrule  contact). 

B.  Approved  plug  or  cartridge  fuses  in  approved  casings  for  Edison 
plug  cut-outs  not  exceeding  125  volts,  but  including  any  circuit 
of  a  3- wire  125-250  volt  system,  with  grounded  neutral. 


0-30  amps. 


61-100  “ 

101-200  “ 

201-400  “ 

401-^00  “  ) 

Not  over  600  volts 


Cartridge  fuse  (knife  blade  contact). 


amps.  £ 


Cartridge  fuse  (ferrule  contact). 


Cartridge  fuse  (knife  blade  contact). 


0-30 
31-60 
61-100 
101-200 
201-400 
3.  Exceptions. 

The  requirements  of  subdivision  2  of  this  section  shall  not  apply  to  fuses  for 
rosettes,  attachment  plugs,  car-lighting  cut-outs  and  protective  devices  for  signaling 
systems. 

g.  Cartridge  enclosed  fuses  and  corresponding  cut-out  blocks,  except  for  sealable 
service  and  meter  cut-outs,  must  conform  to  the  dimensions  given  in  the  following 
table : 

Table  of  Dimensions  of  the  National  Electrical  Code  Standard  Cartridge  Enclosed  Fuse. 


SHE-# 


»tvcc  or  terminal  row  caRthjooc  ruQCA 


Form  2.  Cartridge  fuse — knife  blade  contact. 

217 


CHAP.  9,  ART.  5,  SEC.  569. 


Voltage 

Rated 
Capac¬ 
ity,  Am¬ 
peres 

A. 

Length 

Over 

Terminals, 

Inches 

B. 

Dis¬ 

tance 

Be¬ 

tween 

Con¬ 

tact 

Clips, 

Inches 

C. 

Width 

of 

Con 

tact 

Clips, 

Inches 

D. 

Diameter 

of 

Ferrules 

or  Thick¬ 
ness  of 
Terminal 
Blades, 
Inches 

E. 

Minimum 
Lengthof 
Ferrules 
or  of 
Terminal 
Blades, 
Outside 
of  Tube, 
Inches 

F. 

Diam¬ 

eter 

of 

Tube, 

Inches 

G. 

Width 

of 

Terminal 

Blades, 

Inches 

Rated 

Capacity, 

Amperes 

Not  over  250. 

0-30 

Form  1,  2 

1 

% 

% 

K 

% 

Form  1,  0-30 

31-60 

Form  1,  3 

1 % 

% 

% 

% 

% 

Form  1,  31-60 

61-100 

Form  2,  5  K 

4 

% 

% 

1 

1 

Si 

Form  2,  61-100 

101-200 

Form  2,  7% 

4K 

l'A 

% 

IVs 

IK 

1  K 

Form  2,  101-200 

201-400 

Form  2,  8  % 

5 

1 % 

M 

l  K 

2 

1  % 

Form  2,  201-400 

401-600 

Form  2,  10% 

6 

2 % 

K- 

2% 

2  K 

2 

Form  2,  401-600 

Not  over  600. 

0-30 

Form  1,  5 

4 

K 

% 

V* 

ZA 

Form  1,  0-30 

31-60 

Form  1,  5  % 

4% 

K 

1 % 

% 

l 

Form  1,  31-60 

61-100 

Form  2,  7  % 

6 

Vs 

% 

l 

l  A 

'"Si 

Form  2,  61-100 

101-200 

Form  2,  9% 

7 

l % 

% 

l  % 

1% 

IK 

Form  2, 101-200 

201-400 

Form  2,  11% 

8 

l  H 

A 

1% 

2K 

IK 

Form  2,201-400 

h. 

i.  Enclosed  fuses  must  be  marked  where  the  marking  will  be  plainly  visible, 
with  the  name  or  trade-mark  of  the  maker,  the  voltage  and  current  for  which  the  fuse 
is  designed,  and  the  words  “National  Electrical  Code  Standard.”  Each  fuse  must 
have  a  label,  the  color  of  which  must  be  green  for  250-volt  fuses  and  red  for  600-»volt 
fuses. 

j- 

k.  Enclosed  fuses  must  not  hold  an  arc  or  throw  out  melted  metal  or  sufficient 
flame  to  ignite  easily  inflammable  material  on  or  near  the  cut-out  when  only  one  fuse 
is  blown  at  a  time  on  a  short  circuit  on  a  system  o£  the  voltage  for  which  the  fuse  is 
rated. 

§569.  Panel  boards. 

a.  The  specifications  for  construction  of  switches  and  cut-outs  (see  §565  and 
§567  of  this  chapter)  must  be  followed  as  far  as  they  apply. 

In  the  relative  arrangement  of  fuses  and  switches,  the  fuses  may  be  placed 
between  the  bus-bars  and  the  switches,  or  between  the  switches  and  the  circuits, 
except  in  the  case  of  service  switches,  when  §423a  of  this  chapter  must  be  complied 
with.  When  the  branch  switches  are  between  the  fuses  and  bus-bars,  the  connections 
must  be  so  arranged  that  the  blades  will  be  dead  when  the  switches  are  open.  When 
there  are  exposed  live  metal  parts  on  the  back  of  a  board,  or  where  the  board  will 
be  subject  to  moisture,  a  space  of  at  least  1-2  inch  must  be  provided  between  such 
live  metal  parts  and  the  cabinet  in  which  the  board  is  mounted. 

b.  The  following  minimum  distance  between  bare  live  metal  parts  (bus-bars, 
etc.)  must  be  maintained : 


Between  parts  of  opposite  polarity 
except  at  switches  and  link  fuses. 

Between  parts 
of  same 
polarity, 
at 

link  fuses. 

When  mounted  on 
the  same  surface. 

When  held  free 
in  air. 

Not  over  125  volts . 

3-4  inch 

1-2  inch 

1-2  inch 

Not  over  250  volts . 

11-4  inch 

3-4  inch 

3-4  inch 

Not  over  600  volts . 

2  inch 

1  3-4  inch 

At  switches  or  enclosed  fuses  parts  of  the  same  polarity  may  be  placed  as  close 
together  as  convenience  in  handling  will  allow. 

218 


ELECTRICAL  CONTROL. 


The  spacings  given  in  the  first  column  apply  to  the  branch  conductors  where  en¬ 
closed  fuses  are  used.  Where  link  fuses  or  knife  switches  are  used,  the  spacings  must 
be  at  least  as  great  as  those  required  by  §§565  and  567  of  this  chapter. 

The  spacings  given  in  the  second  column  apply  to  the  distance  between  the  raised 
main  bars  and  between  these  bars  arid  the  branch  bars  over  which  they  pass. 

Panel  boards  of  special  design  in  which  the  insulation  and  separation  between  bus 
bars  and  between  other  current  carrying  parts  is  secured  by  means  of  barriers  or 
insulating  materials  instead  of  by  the  spacings  given  above,  must  be  submitted  for 
special  examination  and  approval  before  being  used. 

c.  Panel  boards  must  be  marked  where  the  marking  can  be  plainly  seen  when 
installed,  with  the  name  or  trade-mark  of  the  manufacturer  and  the  maximum  capacity 
in  amperes  and  the  voltage  for  which  the  board  is  designed. 

§570.  Cabinets  and  cut=out  boxes. 

a.  Cabinets  are  intended  for  enclosing  feeder  and  circuit  branch  panelboards  and 
similar  devices.  They  may  be  designed  for  either  surface  or  flush  mounting  and  are 
usually  provided  with  removable  frames  or  matts,  trims,  etc.,  in  which  the  swinging 
doors  are  hung;  when  for  the  enclosure  of  apparatus  connected  within  the  cabinet  to 
the  wires  of  more  than  4  circuits  they  shall  have  a  back  wiring  space  or  1  or 
more  side  wiring  spaces,  side  gutters  or  wiring  compartments  unless  the  wires  leave 
the  cabinet  directly  opposite  their  terminal  connections.  When  intended  for  installa¬ 
tion  out-of-doors  they  must  be  of  the  weatherproof  pattern. 

b.  Cut-out  boxes  are  intended  for  enclosing  single  devices  or  combinations  of 
devices  connected  within  the  cut-out  box  to  the  wires  of  not  more  than  4  circuits 
and  usually  are  designed  for  surface  mounting,  having  swinging  doors  or  covers 
secured  directly  to  the  wall  of  the  box.  When  intended  for  installation  out-of-doors 
they  must  be  of  the  weatherproof  pattern. 

c.  Design  and  construction  of  all  cabinets  and  cut-out  boxes  must  be  such  as  to 
insure  ample  strength  and  rigidity. 

d.  The  spacing  within  cabinets  and  cut-out  boxes  must  be  sufficient  to  provide 
ample  room  for  the  distribution  of  wires  and  cables  placed  in  them,  and  for  a  separa¬ 
tion  between  metal  parts  of  cabinets  or  cut-out  boxes  and  current  carrying  parts  of 
devices  and  apparatus  mounted  within  them  as  follows : 

1.  There  must  be  an  air  space  of  at  least  1-16  inch,  except  at  points  of  support, 
between  the  base  of  the  device  and  the  wall  of  any  metal  cabinet  or  cut-out  box  on 
which  the  device  is  mounted. 

2.  There  must  be  an  air  space  of  at  least  1  inch  between  any  enclosed  fuse  or 
current-carrying  part  and  the  door,  unless  the  door  is  lined  with  an  approved  insulat¬ 
ing  material  or  is  of  a  thickness  at  least  that  of  No.  12  U.  S,  gauge  when  the  air 
space  must  be  not  less  than  y2  inch. 

3.  There  must  be  a  space  of  at  least  2  inches  between  open  link  fuses  and 
;metal  or  glass  of  walls  or  doors. 

4.  Except  as  noted  above  there  must  be  an  air  space  of  at  least  y2  inch  be¬ 
tween  the  walls,  back,  gutter  partition,  if  of  metal,  or  door  of  any  cabinet  or  cut-out 
box  and  the  nearest  exposed  current-carrying  part  of  devices  mounted  within  the 
cabinet  where  the  potentials  do  not  exceed  250  volts.  This  spacing  must  be  increased 
to  at  least  1  inch  where  the  potentials  exceed  250  volts. 

5.  Cabinets  and  cut-out  boxes  must  be  deep  enough  to  allow  the  doors  to  be 
closed  when  30-ampere  branch  circuit  panelboard  switches  having  spool  or  composi¬ 
tion  handles  or  when  switches  of  combination  cut-outs  are  in  any  position,  and  when 


219 


CHAP.  9 ,  ART.  5 ,  SEC.  571. 

other  single  throw  switches  are  thrown  open  as  far  as  their  construction  and  installa¬ 
tion  will  permit. 

6.  Cabinets  having  1  or  more  side  wiring  spaces,  side  gutters  or  side  wiring 
compartments  must  be  furnished  with  covers,  barriers  or  partitions  extending  around 
or  from  the  side  or  sides  of  all  bases  or  groups  of  bases  of  the  switches,  cut-outs, 
circuit  breakers  or  feeder  and  circuit  branch  panelboards  within  the  cabinet  and  pro¬ 
viding  a  close  fit  with  the  door,  frame  or  sides  of  the  cabinet  so  as  to  enclose  these 
spaces,  gutters  or  compartments  and  the  wires  stowed  within  them.  At  sides  where 
wires  or  cables  are  led  from  the  cabinet  at  points  directly  opposite  their  terminal 
connections  to  devices  or  apparatus  within  the  cabinet,  and  other  wires  or  cables  are 
not  placed,  these  covers,  barriers  or  partitions  may  be  omitted. 

When  cabinets  have  back  wiring  spaces  which  are  not  entirely  enclosed,  covers 
must  be  furnished  to  provide  equivalent  enclosure. 

§571.  Rosettes. 

a.  Current-carrying  parts  of  rosettes  must  be  mounted  on  non-combustible,  non- 
absorptive,  insulating  bases.  There  should  be  no  openings  through  the  rosette  base 
except  those  for  the  supporting  screws  and  in  the  concealed  type  for  the  conductors 
also,  and  these  openings  should  not  be  made  any  larger  than  necessary.  There  must 
be  at  least  54  inch  space,  measured  over  the  surface,  between  supporting  screws  and 
current-carrying  parts.  The  supporting  screws  must  be  so  located  or  countersunk 
that  the  flexible  cord  cannot  come  in  contact  with  them.  Bases  for  the  knob  and 
cleat  type  must  have  at  least  2  holes  for  supporting  screws ;  must  be  high  enough  to 
keep  the  wires  and  terminals  at  least  54  inch  from  the  surface  to  which  the  rosette  is 
attached  and  must  have  a  porcelain  lug  under  each  terminal  to  prevent  the  rosette  from 
being  placed  over  projections  which  would  reduce  the  separation  to  less  than  54  inch. 
Bases  for  the  moulding  and  conduit  box  types  must  be  high  enough  to  keep  the 
wires  and  terminals  at  least  24  inch  from  the  surface  wired  over. 

b.  Contact  pieces  and  terminals  must  be  secured  in  position  by  at  least  2  screws, 
or  made  with  a  square  shoulder,  or  otherwise  arranged  to  prevent  turning.  The  nuts 
or  screw  heads  on  the  under  side  of  the  base  must  be  countersunk  not  less  than 
%  inch  and  covered  with  a  waterproof  compound  which  will  not  melt  below  150 
degrees  Fahrenheit  (65  degrees  Centigrade). 

c.  Line  terminal  plates  must  be  at  least  .06  inch  in  thickness,  and  terminal  screws 
must  not  be  smaller  than  No.  6  standard  screw  with  about  32  threads  per  inch.  Ter¬ 
minal  plates  for  the  flexible  cord  must  be  at  least  .06  inch  in  thickness.  The  con¬ 
nection  to  these  plates  shall  be  by  binding  screws  not  smaller  than  No.  5  standard 
screw  with  about  40  threads  per  inch.  At  all  binding  screws  for  line  wires  and  for 
flexible  cord,  upturned  lugs,  or  some  equivalent  arrangement,  must  be  provided  which 
will  secure  the  wires  under  the  screw  heads. 

d.  The  diameter  of  the  cord  inlet  hole  should  measure  13-32  inch  in  order  that 
standard  portable  cord  may  be  used. 

e.  Ample  space  must  be  provided  for  a  substantial  knot  tied  in  the  cord  as  a 
whole.  All  parts  of  the  rosette  upon  which  the  knot  is  likely  to  bear  must  be  smooth 
and  well  rounded. 

f.  When  the  rosette  is  made  in  2  parts,  the  cover  must  be  secured  to  the  base 
so  that  it  will  not  work  loose. 

g.  Rosettes  must  be  plainly  marked  where  the  marking  may  readily  be  seen  after 
the  rosette  has  been  installed,  with  the  name  or  trade  mark  of  the  manufacturer,  and 
the  rating  in  amperes  and  volts.  Fuseless  rosettes  may  be  rated  3  amperes,  250  volts. 

h. 


220 


ELECTRICAL  CONTROL. 


§572.  Sockets,  including  lamp  receptacles. 

a.  Sockets  shall  be  classed  according  to  diameters  of  lamp  bases  as  candelabra, 
medium  and  mogul  base,  to  be  known  respectively  as  54  inch,  1  inch  and  1 54  inches 
nominal  sizes,  with  ratings  as  specified  in  the  following  table : 


Class. 

Nominal 

diam. 

Key. 

Watts. 

Volts. 

Ratings. 

Max. 
amp. 
at  any 
voltage. 

Keyless. 

Watts.  Volts. 

1 

Max. 
amp. 
at  any 
voltage. 

Candelabra  . . . 

75 

125 

3-4 

75 

125 

1 

Medium  . 

250 

250 

2  1-2 

660 

250 

6 

*660 

250 

6 

660 

600 

Mogul  . 

..  1  1-2  in. 

1500 

250 

t 

1500 

600 

Miniature  sockets  having  screw  shells  smaller  than  the  candelabra  size  may  be 
used  for  decorative  lighting  systems,  Christmas  tree  lighting  outfits  and  similar  pur¬ 
poses. 

b.  All  sockets  must  be  marked  with  the  name  or  trade-mark  of  the  manufacturer 
and  with  the  watts  and  volts  which  apply  to  the  class.  The  rating  marks  may  be 
abbreviated,  as,  for  example,  “250  W.,  250  V.”  Each  lamp  holder  of  double-ended 
sockets  must  be  rated  as  specified  above,  the  device  being  marked  with  a  single  mark¬ 
ing  applying  to  each  end. 

c.  Metal  used  for  shells  must  be  moderately  hard,  but  not  hard  enough  to  be 
brittle  or  so  soft  as  to  be  easily  dented  or  knocked  out  of  shape.  Brass  shells  must 
be  at  least  .013  inch  in  thickness  and  for  mogul  sockets  not  less  than  .025  inch,  and 
shells  of  any  other  material  must  be  thick  enough  to  give  the  equivalent  stiffness 
and  strength. 

d.  The  inside  of  metal  shells  must  be  lined  with  insulating  material,  which  must 
absolutely  prevent  the  shell  from  becoming  a  part  of  the  circuit,  even  though  the  wires 
inside  the  sockets  should  become  loosened  or  detached  from  their  position  under  the 
terminal  screws.  The  material  used  for  lining  must  be  at  least  1-32  inch  in  thickness, 
and  must  be  firm,  compact,  tough  and  tenacious.  It  must  not  be  injuriously  affected 
by  the  heat  from  the  largest  lamp  permitted  in  the  socket.  It  is  preferable  to  have  the 
lining  in  one  piece.  The  lining  must  not  extend  beyond  the  metal  shell  more  than 
54  inch,  but  must  prevent  any  current-carrying  part  of  the  lamp  base  from  being 
exposed  when  a  lamp  is  in  the  socket.  The  cap  must  also  be  lined,  and  this  lining 
must  comply  with  the  requirements  for  shell  linings. 

e.  Caps  when  made  of  sheet  brass  must  be  at  least  .013  inch  in  thickness  and 
.025  inch  for  mogul  sockets,  and  when  cast  or  made  of  other  metals  must  be  of 
equivalent  strength. 

The  inlet  piece  must  contain  sufficient  metal  for  5  full  threads,  and  when  not  in 
one  piece  with  the  cap  must  be  riveted  or  otherwise  secured  to  give  the  strength  of  a 
single  piece.  There  must  be  sufficient  room  in  the  cap  to  enable  the  ordinary  wireman 
to  easily  and  quickly  make  a  knot  in  the  cord  and  to  push  it  into  place  in  the  cap 
without  crowding.  All  parts  of  the  cap  upon  which  the  knot  is  likely  to  bear  must 
be  smooth  and  well  insulated. 

*  This  rating  may  be  given  only  to  sockets  having  a  switch  mechanism  which 
produces  both  a  quick  “make”  and  a  quick  “break”  action. 

t  Ratings  to  be  assigned  later,  pending  further  discussion  with  manufacturers. 


221 


CHAP  9,  ART.  5,  SECS.  573,  574. 


f.  The  frame  which  holds  the  moving  parts  must  be  sufficiently  heavy  to  give 
ample  strength  and  stiffness.  Brass  pieces  containing  terminal  screws  must  be  suffi¬ 
ciently  heavy  to  give  ample  strength  and  stiffness,  and  have  at  least  .06  inch  of  thread 
for  terminal  screws.  Terminal  post  screws  must  not  be  smaller  than  No.  5  standard 
screw,  with  about  40  threads  per  inch. 

g.  For  candelabra  and  medium  sized  sockets  rated  at  250  volts,  points  of  opposite 
polarity  must  everywhere  be  kept  not  less  than  3-64  inch  apart,  and  for  mogul  sockets 
and  sockets  rated  at  600  volts  not  less  than  inch  apart,  provided,  however,  if 
substantial  barriers  of  approved  insulating  material  are  used  to  separate  such  parts, 
these  distances  may  be  correspondingly  reduced,  but  in  no  event  must  the  separation 
distances  measured  over  the  surfaces  of  the  barriers  be  less. than  those  specified 
above. 

h.  The  parts  to  which  wiring  connections  are  made  must  be  designed  to  securely 
grip  the  conductors.  An  upturned  lug  or  some  equivalent  arrangement  must  be  pro¬ 
vided  to  hold  the  wires  under  the  screw  heads. 

i.  The  socket  must  firmly  hold  the  lamp  in  place  so  that  it  cannot  be  easily  jarred 
out  and  must  provide  a  contact  good  enough  to  prevent  undue  heating  with  the  maxi¬ 
mum  current  allowed.  The  holding  pieces,  springs  and  the  like,  if  a  part  of  the 
circuit,  must  not  be  sufficiently  exposed  to  allow  them  to  be  brought  in  contact  with 
anything  outside  of  the  lamp  and  socket. 

j.  The  base  on  which  current  carrying  parts  are  mounted  must  be  of  porcelain 
or  other  non-combustible,  non-absorptive,  insulating  material  approved  for  such  use. 

k.  The  key  handle  must  not  soften  or  become  injured  when  used  to  operate  the 
socket  at  a  temperature  of  150  degrees  Fahrenheit,  60  degrees  Centigrade.  The  handle 
should  be  thoroughly  substantial  and  securely,  but  not  necessarily  rigidly,  attached  to 
the  spindle  or  lever  which  it  is  designed  to  control. 

l.  All  screws  in  porcelain  pieces,  which  can  be  firmly  sealed  in  place,  must  be  so 
sealed  by  a  waterproof  compound  which  will  not  melt  below  200  degrees  Fahrenheit 
(93  degrees  Centigrade). 

m.  The  socket  as  a  whole  must  be  so  put  together  that  parts  will  not  loosen 
under  the  most  severe  conditions  they  are  likely  to  meet  with  in  practice.  The  base 
must  be  held  in  such  a  manner  as  to  prevent  turning  or  displacement  relative  to  the 
shell. 

o.  Keyless  sockets  of  all  kinds  must  comply  with  the  requirements  for  key  sockets 
as  far  as  they  apply. 

p.  Sockets  made  of  porcelain  or  other  insulating  material  must  conform  to  the 
above  requirements  as  far  as  they  apply,  and  all  parts  must  be  strong  enough  to 
withstand  a  moderate  amount  of  hard  usage  without  breaking.  Lead  wires  per¬ 
manently  attached  to  sockets  and  sealed  in  place  must  have  separate  outlets  or  be 
separated  not  less  than  £4  inch  in  the  clear.  The  wires  must  be  stranded  and  have 
approved  insulating  coverings. 

q.  Where  a  socket  is  not  attached  to  a  fixture,  the  inlet  must  be  provided  with 
an  approved  insulating  bushing  which,  if  threaded,  must  be  not  less  than  9-32  inch  pipe 
size.  The  edges  of  bushings  must  be  rounded  and  all  inside  fins  removed  so  that  in 
no  case  will  the  cord  be  subjected  to  the  cutting  or  wearing  action  of  a  sharp  edge. 

Bushings  should  have  holes  not  less  than  9-32  inch  in  diameter  for  plain  pendant 
cord,  and  13-32  inch  in  diameter  for  reinforced  cord. 

§573. 

§574.  Arc  lamps. 

a.  Arc  lamps  must  be  provided  with  reliable  stops  to  prevent  carbons  from  falling 
out  in  case  the  clamps  become  loose. 

b.  All  exposed  parts  must  be  carefully  insulated  from  the  circuit. 

222 


ELECTRICAL  CONTROL. 


c.  Terminals  must  be  designed  to  secure  a  thoroughly  good  and  permanent 
contact  with  supply  wires,  which  contact  must  not  become  loosened  by  motion  of  the 
lamp  during  trimming. 

§575. 

§576.  Insulating  joints. 

a.  Insulating  joints  must  be  made  of  approved  materials  both  for  metal  and  other 
parts,  including  the  finishing  materials  for  exterior  and  interior  surfaces.  Except  for 
studs  designed  to  be  mounted  with  screws  or  bolts,  they  must  have  a  substantial 
exterior  metal  casing  insulated  from  both  screw  connections;  they  must  be  threaded 
in  an  approved  manner;  and  they  must  comply  with  the  prescribed  tests  for  heat,* 
leakage,  dielectric  strength,  torsion  and  bending. 

b.  Each  joint  and  stud  must  be  marked  with  the  name  or  trade-mark  of  the 
manufacturer. 

§577.  Fixtures. 

a.  Fixtures  must  be  made  of  metal  or  hard  wood,  except  that  other  approved 
material  may  be  used  if  reinforced  by  metal  or  otherwise  constructed  to  secure  requisite 
mechanical  strength.  In  all  cases  mechanical  strength  must  be  secured  practically 
equivalent  to  an  all-metal  fixture  of  similar  size  and  form. 

In  all  fixtures  not  made  entirely  of  metal,  wireways  must  be  metal  lined  unless 
approved  armored  conductors  with  suitable  fittings  are  used.  An  exception  is  made  in 
the  case  of  wireways  in  glass,  marble  or  similar  non  absorptive,  non-combustible  insulat¬ 
ing  materials. 

All  arms  must  be  reliably  secured,  to  prevent  turning  by  threading  and  soldering, 
brazing,  threading  locked  by  set  screw  or  an  equivalent  method. 

With  screw  joints  of  arms  and  stems  there  must  be  not  less  than  5  threads  all 
engaging  at  fixture  supports,  fixture  bodies,  etc. 

•  All  methods  of  fastening  arms  or  making  joints  between  metal  parts  by  threading, 
brazing  or  otherwise,  must  be  such  as  to  secure,  in  every  case,  ample  strength  and 
reliability. 

Sockets  must,  except  on  pendant  cords,  be  attached  to  the  metal  of  the  fixtures 
and  must  be  secured  in  a  reliable  and  permanent  manner  by  threading  locked  by  set¬ 
screws  or  brazing  or  an  equivalent  method. 

All  burrs  and  fins  in  wireways  must  be  removed  and  all  sharp  edges  at  points 
where  wires  emerge  from  arms,  stems,  chains,  etc.,. must,  when  practicable,  be  removed 
or  rounded,  but  in  every  case  it  must  be  possible  to  pull  in  and  also  to  withdraw  the 
wires  without  injuring  them. 

Where  supply  wires  enter  casings  of  fixture  stems  in  either  straight  electric  or 
combination  gas  and  electric  fixtures,  there  must  be  suitable  fittings  having  smooth, 
rounded  edges  to  prevent  injury  to  the  wire  coverings  and  to  prevent  the  wires  from 
coming  into  contact  with  the  edges  of  the  ends  of  casings. 

Fixtures  for  installation  outdoors  or  where  exposed  to  moisture  must  be  so  con¬ 
structed  that  water  cannot  enter  the  wireways,  sockets  or  other  electrical  parts. 

b.  Conductors  must  be  not  smaller  than  No.  18  B.  &  S.  gauge. 

On  chains  or  similar  parts  where  conductors  are  not  completely  enclosed  in  metal, 
the  conductors  must  be  stranded  and  must  have  rubber  insulation  not  less  than  1-32 
inch  in  thickness.  Wires  and  flexible  cords  must,  when  fixtures  are  externally  wired, 
be  so  secured  as  not  to  be  cut  or  abraded  by  the  pressure  of  the  fastenings  or  motion 
of  the  fixture,  and  must  be  protected  against  abraison  where  they  pass  through  sheet 
metal  plans,  canopies,  etc. 

Conductors  must  be  so  spliced  or  joined  as  to  be  both  mechanically  and  electrically 
secure  without  solder.  The  joints  must  then  be  soldered  (unless  made  with  some 


223 


CHAP.  9 ART.  5,  SEC.  578. 


form  of  approved  splicing  device)  and  covered  with  an  insulation  equal  to  that  on  the 
conductors,  i.  e.,  with  both  rubber  and  friction  tape.  Wires  must,  within  the  arms 
and  stems,  be  without  splices  and  taps,  i.  e.,  it  should  not  be  necessary  to  withdraw 
the  wires  to  inspect  splices  and  taps. 

Receptacles  must  be  so  installed  as  to  afford  permanent  and  reliable  means  to 
prevent  possible  turning  relative  to  the  surfaces  on  which  they  are  mounted. 

Receptacles  having  exposed  terminals  must  not  be  used  in  canopies  unless  com¬ 
pletely  enclosed  in  metal. 

c.  Tubing  used  in  threaded  arms  and  stems  must  not  be  lighter  than  No.  18 
B.  &  S.  gauge.  The  thickness  of  unthreaded  arms  will  depend  largely  upon  the  method 
used,  and  all  methods  of  fastening  arms  or  stems  must  be  such  as  to  secure  in 
every  case  strength  equivalent  to  that  of  a  threaded  connection.  Such  methods  must 
be  submitted  for  examination,  test  and  approval.  Tubing  should  not  be  kinked, 
flattened  or  cracked. 

Canopies  must  be  made  sufficiently  large,  except  where  outlet  boxes  are  used,  to 
permit  the  stowing  away  of  splices  to  fixture  leads  and  to  allow  supply  conductors, 
and  especially  the  splices  to  be  kept  clear  of  the  grounded  part  of  gas  pipes. 

All  methods  of  fastening  arms  or  stems  to  fixture  supports  must  be  such  as  to 
secure  in  every  case  strength  equivalent  to  that  of  a  threaded  connection. 

Conductors  used  in  wiring  fixtures  must  be  of  approved  fixture  wire,  approved 
flexible  cord,  or  approved  rubber-covered  wire,  excepting  that  conductors  having 
approved  slow-burning  or  other  heat-resisting  coverings  must  be  used  in  wiring 
fixtures  in  which  the  wiring  is  exposed,  from  the  heat  of  lamps  to  temperatures  in 
excess  of  120  degrees  Fahr.  (49  degrees  Centigrade).  All  such  forms  of  fixtures  must 
be  submitted  for  examination,  test  and  approval  before  being  introduced  for  use. 

All  fixtures  should,  where  possible,  be  sufficiently  ventilated  to  avoid  exposing 
the  wiring  to  high  temperatures,  and  the  wiring  of  fixtures  should  be  so  disposed 
as  to  be  kept  as  free  as  possible  from  excessive  temperatures. 

All  electrical  fittings  (including  insulating  joints,  sockets,  receptacles,  switches, 
attachment  plugs,  etc.)  must  be  of  approved  types. 

Canopy  insulators  must  be  of  approved  types.  They  must  be  securely  fastened 
in  place  so  as  to  separate  the  canopies  thoroughly  and  permanently  from  the  surfaces 
and  outlet  boxes  from  which  they  are  designed  to  be  insulated.  A  strip  of  a  good 
grade  of  hard  fibre  1-16  inch  thick,  permanently  attached  to  the  canopy  at  the  ends, 
and  at  intermediate  points,  in  such  a  manner  that  the  strip  will  permanently  extend 
at  least  3-16  inch  beyond  the  entire  upper  edge  of  the  canopy  rim,  will  be  acceptable. 
Where  the  above  construction  is  impracticable  a  sheet  of  a  good  grade  of  hard  fibre 
1-16  inch  thick,  permanently  attached  to  the  canopy  and  cut  to  conform  to  the  general 
outline  of  the  canopy  and  with  the  edges  of  the  sheet  at  least  flush  with  the  edges  of 
the  canopy  will  be  acceptable.  The  insulating  strip  or  sheet  must  be  secured  by 
rivets  or  screws  and  the  rivets  or  screws  must  be  so  located  or  countersunk  that  the 
desired  effective  insulation  distance  is  obtained. 

d.  Tests. 

Each  fixture  (after  wiring  and  assembly)  must  be  tested  with  a  magneto  which 
will  ring  through  a  resistence  of  at  least  50,000  ohms  and  show!  no  short  circuits 
between  conductors  or  contacts  between  conductors  and  metal  parts  of  fixtures. 

e.  Markings. 

Each  fixture  must  be  marked  with  the  manufacturer’s  name  or  trade-mark. 

§578.  Rheostats,  resistance  boxes  and  equalizers. 

a.  Rheostats,  resistance  boxes  and  equalizers  must  be  made  entirely  of  non-com¬ 
bustible  materials,  except  such  minor  parts  as  handles,  magnet  insulation,  etc.  All 

224 


ELECTRICAL  CONTROL. 


segments,  lever  arms,  etc.,  must  be  mounted  on  non-combustible,  non-absorptive  insu¬ 
lating  material.  Holes  for  the  supporting  screws  which  secure  this  material  in  position 
must  be  so  located  or  countersunk  that  there  will  be  at  least  Yi  inch  space,  meas¬ 
ured  over  the  surface,  between  the  head  of  the  screw  or  washer  and  the  nearest 
live  metal  part. 

b.  Rheostats,  resistance  boxes  and  equalizers  must  be  so  constructed  that  when 
mounted  on  a  plane  surface  the  casing  will  make  contact  with  such  surface  only  at 
the  points  of  support.  An  air  space  of  at  least  1-4  inch  between  the  rheostat  casing 
and  the  supporting  surface  will  be  required.  The  construction  throughout  must  be 
heavy,  rugged  and  thoroughly  workmanlike. 

c.  Clamps  for  connecting  wires  to  the  terminals  must  be  so  designed  as  to  insure 
a  thoroughly  good  connection  and  must  be  Sufficiently  strong  and  heavy  to  withstand 
hard  usage.  For  currents  above  30  amperes,  lugs  into  which  the  connecting  wires 
may  be  soldered,  or  approved  solderless  connectors,  must  be  used.  Clamps  or  lugs 
will  not  be  required  when  leads  are  provided  as  a  part  of  the  device. 

d.  Rheostats,  resistance  boxes  and  equalizers  must  be  plainly  marked,  where  the 
marking  may  be  readily  seen  after  the  device  is  installed,  with  the  rating  and  the  name 
of  the  maker;  and  the  terminals  of  motor-starting  rheostats  must  be  marked  to  indicate 
to  what  part  of  the  circuit  each  is  to  be  connected,  as  “line,”  “armature”  and  “field.” 

e.  The  design  of  the  fixed  and  movable  contacts  and  the  resistance  in  each  section 
must  be  such  as  to  secure  the  least  tendency  toward  arcing  and  roughening  of  the 
contacts,  even  with  careless  handling  or  the  presence  of  dirt.  In  motor-starting 
rheostats,  the  contact  at  which  the  circuit  is  broken  by  the  lever  arm  when  moving 
from  the  running  to  the  starting  position  must  be  so  designed  that  there  will  be  no 
detrimental  arcing.  The  final  contact,  if  any,  on  which  the  arm  is  brought  to  rest  in 
the  starting  position  must  have  no  electrical  connection. 

f.  Motor-starting  rheostats  must  be  so  designed  that  the  contact  arm  cannot  be 
left  on  intermediate  segments,  and  for  direct  current  circuits  must  be  provided  with 
an  automatic  device  which  will  interrupt  the  supply  circuit  before  the  speed  of  the 
motor  falls  to  less  than  Y  of  its  normal  value.  In  motor-starting  rheostats  for  alter¬ 
nating  current  circuits  the  automatic  interrupting  device  may  be  omitted. 

g.  Overload-release  devices  which  are  inoperative  during  the  process  of  starting 
a  motor  will  not  be  approved,  unless  other  circuit  breakers  or  fuses  are  installed  in 
connection  with  them. 

§579.  Auto=starters. 

a.  Coils  and  switches  of  auto-starters  used  in  dusty  and  linty  places  or  where 
exposed  to  flyings  of  combustible  material,  must  be  completely  enclosed  in  substantial 
metal  cases  so  constructed  as  to  effectually  exclude  ordinary  dust,  lint  or  flyings  of 
combustible  material. 

Auto-starters  used  in  places  where  the  above  conditions  do  not  exist,  may  be  of 
any  approved  type.  Cases  for  either  transformer  coils  or  switches  must  provide  for 
access  to  the  interior  for  inspection  and  for  renewal  of  oil,  and  must  be  so  constructed 
that  when  mounted  on  a  plain  surface  the  casing  will  make  contact  with  such  surface 
only  at  points  of  support.  An  air  space  of  at  least  Y  inch  between  the  casing  and 
supporting  surface  will  be  required.  The  oil  tank  shall  be  marked  in  a  suitable  manner 
to  indicate  the  proper  oil  level.  When  such  device  carries  a  visual  oil  indicator,  the 
marking  shall  be  for  the  proper  oil  level  with  the  starter  assembled.  If  the  visual 
indicator  is  not  used,  markings  shall  indicate  the  oil  level  prior  to  assembling.  The 
switch  must  provide  an  off  position,  a  running  position  and  at  least  one  starting 
position.  It  must  be  so  arranged  that  it  will  be  held  in  off  and  running  positions  but 
cannot  be  left  in  a  starting  position  or  without  the  proper  running  overload  protective 
devices  in  the  circuit.  The  construction  throughout  must  be  thoroughly  substantial. 

225 


CHAP.  9,  ART.  5 ,  SECS.  580,  581. 


b.  Clamps  for  connecting  wires  to  the  terminals  must  be  so  designed  as  to  insure 
a  thoroughly  good  connection  and  must  be  sufficiently  strong  and  heavy  to  withstand 
hard  usage.  For  currents  above  30  amperes,  lugs  into  which  the  connecting  wires 
may  be  soldered,  or  approved  solderless  connectors,  must  be  used.  Clamps  or  lugs 
will  not  be  required  when  leads  are  provided  as  a  part  of  the  device. 

c.  Auto-starters  must  be  plainly  marked,  where  the  marking  may  be  readily  seen 
after  the  device  is  installed,  with  the  rating  and  name  of  the  maker;  terminals  to  be 
so  marked  as  to  indicate  to  what  part  of  the  circuit  each  is  to  be  connected. 

§580.  Reactive  Coils  and  Condensers. 

a.  Reactive  coils  must  be  made  of  non-combustible  material,  mounted  on  non¬ 
combustible  bases  and  treated,  in  general,  as  sources  of  heat. 

b.  Condensers  must  be  treated  like  other  apparatus  operating  with  equivalent 
voltage  and  currents.  They  must  have  non-combustible  cases  and  supports,  and  must 
be  isolated  from  all  combustible  materials  and,  in  general,  treated  as  sources  of  heat. 

§581.  Transformers,  low  potential. 

1.  Air  cooled  transformers. 

a.  Air  cooled  transformers  must  be  placed  in  substantial  metallic  or  other  non¬ 
combustible  cases,  which  completely  enclose  all  current-carrying  parts,  with  the  excep¬ 
tion  of  the  terminals  of  the  low  voltage  windings  as  specified  below.  Sheet  metal 
cases  must  be  not  less  than  1-32  inch  in  thickness,  and  cast  iron  must  be  not  less  than 
1-8  inch  in  thickness.  Such  transformers  must  be  so  constructed  that  when  mounted 
on  a  plane  surface  the  casing  will  make  contact  with  such  surface  only  at  the  points 
of  support.  An  air  space  of  at  least  of  an  inch  between  the  transformer  casing 
and  the  supporting  surface  will  be  required. 

Leads  of  approved  cable  at  least  6  inches  in  length  and  so  secured  as  to  prevent 
strain  coming  on  the  connections  to  the  coils,  must  be  brought  out  of  the  case  through 
approved  insulating  bushings,  except  for  bell-ringing  and  toy  transformers,  the  low 
voltage  terminals  of  which  may  be  binding  posts  mounted  on  the  case. 

The  construction  throughout  must  be  substantial  and  thoroughly  workmanlike. 

b.  Air  cooled  transformers  must  be  plainly  marked,  where  the  marking  will  be 
readily  seen  after  the  transformer  is  installed,  with  the  name  of  maker,  with  the 
frequency,  the  high  voltage  and  all  low  voltages,  and  the  rated  capacity  in  kilo-volt- 
amperes. 

2.  Bell  ringing  or  other  signaling  transformers. 

d.  Transformers  for  bell-ringing  or  other  signaling  service  must  be  con¬ 
structed  in  accordance  with  the  requirements  of  paragraph  a  of  this  section,  and 
may  be  approved  for  use  when  all  wiring  on  the  high  voltage  side  is  in  accordance 
with  the  requirements  of  article  4  of  this  chapter. 

e.  Such  transformers  must  be  plainly  marked  where  it  can  be  seen  after  installa¬ 
tion,  with  the  name  of  the  manufacturer,  the  frequency,  the  high  voltage  and  all  low 
voltages,  and  the  proper  terminals  must  be  marked  “Line”  and  “Bell.”  The  rating  of 
high  voltage  winding  must  not  be  over  125  volts. 

f.  The  design  of  the  transformer  must  be  such  that  when  any  2  low  voltage 
terminals  are  short  circuited  while  the  rated  voltage  is  impressed  on  the  high  voltage 
coil,  the  input  measured  by  a  wattmeter  in  the  high  voltage  circuit  will  not  be  more 
than  25  watts. 

3.  Toy  transformers. 

g.  Transformers  for  operating  toys  must  be  constructed  in  accordance  with  the 
requirements  of  paragraph  a  of  this  section. 

h.  Such  transformers  must  be  marked  with  the  name  of  the  manufacturer,  high 
and  all  low  voltages,  the  frequency  and  the  rated  capacity  in  volt-amperes. 

226 


ELECTRICAL  CONTROL. 


The  high  voltage  rating  must  not  exceed  125  volts,  nor  the  low  voltage  rating 
exceed  25  volts. 

i.  Such  transformers  must  be  so  constructed  as  to  stand  the  following  test: 

With  the  high  voltage  coil  connected  to  a  circuit  of  the  rated  voltage  and  fre¬ 
quency  and  with  the  low  voltage  coils  short  circuited,  the  input  as  measured  by  watt¬ 
meter  must  not  exceed  250  watts.  When  so  connected,  and  run  until  constant  tem¬ 
perature  is  reached  or  until  burnout  occurs,  the  case  must  not  be  injured  and  there 
must  be  no  escape  of  flames  or  molten  metal. 

§582.  Lightning  arresters. 

a.  Lightning  arresters  must  be  of  approved  construction. 

§583.  Electric  signs  (for  low  potential  systems  only). 

a.  Electric  signs  shall  be  constructed  entirely  of  metal,  or  other  incombustible 
material,  except  the  insulation  of  the  wires.  Sheet  metal  must  be  not  less  than  28 
U.  S.  sheet  metal  gauge.  All  metal  must  be  galvanized,  enameled,  treated  with  at 
least  3  coats  of  anti-corrosive  paint,  or  otherwise  protected  in  an  approved  manner 
against  corrosion. 

b.  Electric  signs  must  be  so  constructed  as  to  secure  ample  strength  and  rigidity. 

Electric  signs  must  be  so  constructed  as  to  be  practically  weatherproof  and  to 

enclose  all  terminals  and  wiring  other  than  the  supply,  leads,  except  that  open  work 
will  be  permitted  for  signs  on  roofs  or  open  ground  where  not  subject  to  mechanical 
injury,  provided  the  wiring  is  in  accordance  with  paragraph  e  of  this  section.  Trans¬ 
formers,  unless  of  weatherproof  type,  cut-outs,  flashers  and  other  similar  devices 
on  or  within  the  sign  structure,  must  be  enclosed  in  approved  cut-out  boxes  or 
cabinets,  except  that  if  on  or  within  the  sign  structure  they  may  be  placed  in  a  sepa¬ 
rate,  completely  enclosed  compartment,  or  in  a  substantial  weatherproof  box  or 
cabinet  of  metal  of  thickness  not  less  than  that  of  the  metal  of  the  sign  itself.  Each 
compartment  must  have  suitable  provision  for  drainage  through  1  or  more  holes, 
each  not  less  than  1-4  inch  in  diameter. 

c.  Electric  signs  must  have  the  maker’s  name  or  trade-mark  permanently  attached 
to  the  exterior. 

d.  Receptacles  must  be  so  designed  as  to  afford  permanent  and  reliable  means 
to  prevent  possible  turning;  must  be  so  designed  and  placed  that  terminals  will  be  at 
least  1-2  inch  from  other  terminals  and  from  metal  of  the  sign,  except  that  where 
open  work  is  permitted  this  separation  must  be  1  inch.  Miniature  receptacles  will  not 
be  approved  for  use  in  outdoor  signs. 

e.  Wiring  must  be  approved  rubber  covered,  not  less  than  No.  14  B.  &  S.  gauge. 
Wiring  must  be  neatly  run  and  so  disposed  and  fastened  as  to  be  mechanically  secure. 
Wires  must  be  soldered  to  terminals,  and  exposed  parts  of  wires  and  terminals  must 
be  treated  to  prevent  corrosion.  Wires  must,  where  they  pass  through  walls  or  par¬ 
titions  of  the  sign  be  protected  by  approved  bushings.  On  outside  of  sign  structure, 
except  where  open  work  is  permitted,  wires  must  be  in  approved  metal  conduit  or 
in  approved  lead  sheathed  cable. 

For  open  work,  wires  must  be  rigidly  supported  on  non-combustible,  non-absorp- 
tive  insulators  which  separate  the  wires  at  least  1  inch  from  the  surface  wired  over. 
Rigid  supporting  requires,  under  ordinary  conditions,  where  wiring  over  flat  sur¬ 
faces,  supports  at  least  every  4 feet.  If  the  wires  are  liable  to  be  disturbed  the 
distance  between  supports  should  be  shortened.  In  those  parts  of  circuits  where 
wires  are  connected  to  approved  receptacles  which  hold  them  at  least  1  inch  from 
surfaced  wired  over,  and  which  are  placed  not  over  1  foot  apart,  such  receptacles  will 
be  considered  to  afford  the  necessary  support  and  spacing  of  the  wires.  Between 
receptacles  more  than  1  foot,  but  less  than  2  feet,  apart,  an  additional  non-combustible. 


227 


CHAP.  9,  ART.  6,  SEC.  685. 


non-absorptive  insulator  maintaining  separation  and  spacing  equivalent  to  the  re¬ 
ceptacles,  must  be  used.  Except  as  above  specified  wires  must  be  kept  apart  at  least 
2 y2  inches  for  voltages  up  to  300,  and  4  inches  for  higher  voltages. 

f.  Leads  from  signs  must  pass  through  the  walls  of  the  sign  either  through  ap¬ 
proved  metal  conduit  or  armored  cable,  or  must  be  neatly  cabled  and  pass  through 
one  or  more  bushings  of  approved  non-combustible,  non-absorptive  insulted  material. 

g.  Not  over  1,320  watts  shall  be  dependent  upon  final  cutout. 


ARTICLE  6. 


Miscellaneous. 


Section  685. 
686. 

687. 

688. 


Signaling  systems. 

Wireless  telegraph  apparatus. 
Electric  gas  lighting. 
Insulation  resistance. 


§685.  Signaling  systems. 

1.  Exception. 

All  wiring,  apparatus  and  devices  of  signaling  systems  used  for  the  transmission 
of  intelligence  as  to  fire,  shall  conform  to  such  rules  and  regulations  as  the  fire  com¬ 
missioner  may  prescribe. 

2.  Outside  wires. 

a.  Outside  wires  must  be  run  in  underground  ducts  or  strung  on  poles,  and 
kept  off  the  roofs  of  buildings,  except  by  special  permission,  and  must  not  be  placed 
on  the  same  cross-arm  with  electric  light  or  power  wires.  They  must  not  occupy 
the  same  duct,  manhole  or  handhole  of  conduit  systems  with  electric  light  or  power 
wires.  Single  manholes  or  handholes  separated  into  sections  by  means  of  partitions 
of  brick  or  tile  will  be  considered  as  conforming  with  the  above  requirement.  When 
the  entire  circuit  from  central  station  to  building  is  run  in  underground  conduits, 
paragraphs  b  to  m,  inclusive,  of  this  section  do  not  apply. 

b.  When  outside  wires  are  run  on  same  pole  with  electric  light  or  power  wires, 
the  distance  between  the  two  inside  pins  of  each  cross-arm  must  not  be  less  than  24 
inches.  When  the  wires  are  carried  in  approved  cables,  paragraphs  c,  d  and  e  of  this 
section  do  not  apply. 

c.  Where  wires  are  attached  to  the  outside  walls  of  buildings  they  must  have  an 
approved  rubber  insulating  covering,  and  on  frame  buildings  or  frame  portions  of 
other  buildings  shall  be  supported  on  glass  or  porcelain  insulators  or  knobs. 

d.  The  wires  from  last  outside  support  to  the  cut-outs  or  protectors  must  be 
of  copper,  and  must  have  an  approved  rubber  insulation;  must  be  provided  with  drip 
loops  immediately  outside  the  building  and  at  entrance. 

e.  Wires  must  enter  building  through  approved  non-combustible,  non-absorptive 
insulating  bushings  sloping  upward  from  the  outside,  and  both  wires  may  enter  through 
the  same  bushing,  if  desired. 

3.  Ten  ampere  installations. 

f.  An  all-metallic  circuit  shall  be  provided,  except  in  telegraph  systems. 

g.  At  the  entrance  of  wires  to  building,  approved  single  pole  cut-outs,  designed 
for  251-600  volts  potential  and  containing  fuses  rated  at  not  over  10  amperes  capacity, 
shall  be  provided  for  each  wire.  These  cut-outs  must  not  be  placed  in  the  immediate 
vicinity  of  easily  ignitable  stuff,  or  where  exposed  to  inflammable  gases,  or  dust  or  to 
flyings  of  combustible  material. 

h.  The  wires  inside  building  shall  be  of  copper  not  less  than  No.  16  B.  &  S. 
gauge,  and  must  have  insulation  and  be  supported,  the  same  as  would  be  required  for 
an  installation  of  electric  light  or  power  wiring,  0-600  volts  potential. 

228 


ELECTRICAL  CONTROL. 


i.  The  instruments  shall  be  mounted  on  bases  constructed  of  non-combustible, 
non-absorptive  insulating  material.  Holes  for  the  supporting  screws  must  be  so 
located,  or  countersunk,  that  there  will  be  at  least  1-2  inch  space,  measured  over  the 
surface,  between  the  head  of  the  screw  and  the  nearest  live  metal  part. 

4.  Less  than  10  ampere  installations. 

j.  Wires  must  be  provided  with  an  approved  protective  device  located  as  near 
as  possible  to  the  entrance  of  wires  to  building.  The  protector  must  not  be  placed  in 
the  immediate  vicinity  of  easily  ignitable  stuff,  or  where  exposed  to  inflammable  gases 
or  dust  or  flyings  of  combustible  materials. 

k.  Wires  from  entrance  to  building  to  protector  must  be  supported  on  porcelain 
insulators,  so  that  they  will  come  in  contact  with  nothing  except  their  designed  sup¬ 
ports. 

l.  The  ground  wire  of  the  protective  device  shall  be  run  in  acordance  with  the 
following  requirements : 

1.  Shall  be  of  copper  and  not  smaller  than  No.  18  B.  &  S.  gauge. 

2.  Must  have  an  insulating  covering  approved  for  voltages  from  0  to  600,  except 
that  the  preservative  compound  may  be  omitted. 

3.  Must  run  in  as  straight  a  line  as  possible  to  a  good  permanent  ground.  This 
may  be  obtained  by  connecting  to  a  water  or  gas  pipe  connected  to  the  street  mains 
or  to  a  ground  rod  or  pipe  driven  in  permanently  damp  earth.  When  connections 
are  made  to  pipes,  preference  shall  be  given  to  water  pipes.  If  attachement  is  made  to 
gas  pipe,  the  connection  in  all  cases  must  be  made  between  the  meter  and  the  street 
mains.  In  every  case  the  connection  shall  be  made  as  near  as  possible  to  the  earth. 
When  the  ground  wire  is  attached  to  a  water  pipe  or  gas  pipe,  it  may  be  connected 
by  means  of  an  approved  ground  clamp  fastened  to  a  thoroughly  clean  portion  of 
said  pipe,  or  the  pipe  shall  be  thoroughly  cleaned  and  tinned  with  rosin  flux  solder, 
and  the  ground  wire  shall  then  be  wrapped  tightly  around  the  pipe  and  thoroughly 
soldered  to  it.  When  the  ground  wire  is  attached  to  a  ground  rod  driven  into  the 
earth,  the  ground  wire  shall  be  soldered  to  the  rod  in  a  similar  manner.  Steam  or 
hot-water  pipes  must  not  be  used  for  a  protector  ground. 

m.  The  protector  to  be  approved  must  comply  with  the  following  requirements : 

1.  For  instrument  circuits  of  telegraph  systems,  an  approved  single  pole  cut-out 
in  each  wire,  designed  for  2,000  volts  potential,  and  containing  fuses  rated  at  not  over 
1  ampere  capacity.  When  main  line  cut-outs  are  installed  as  called  for  in  paragraph 
g  of  this  section  the  instruments  cut-outs  may  be  placed  between  the  switchboard  and 
the  instrument  as  near  the  switchboard  as  possible ; 

2.  In  all  other  systems  the  protector  must  be  mounted  on  non-combustible,  non- 
absorptive  insulating  bases,  so  designed  that  when  the  protector  is  in  place,  all  parts 
which  may  be  alive  will  be  thoroughly  insulated  from  the  wall  to  which  the  protector 
is  attached.  The  protector  must  have  the  following  parts : 

A  lightning  arrester  which  will  operate  with  a  difference  of  potential  between 
wires  of  not  over  500  volts,  and  so  arranged  that  the  chance  of  accidental  grounding 
is  reduced  to  a  minimum  ; 

A  fuse  designed  to  open  the  circuit  in  case  the  wires  become  crossed  with  light 
or  power  circuits.  The  fuse  must  be  able  to  open  the  circuit  without  arcing  or  serious 
flashing  when  crossed  with  any  ordinary  commercial  light  or  power  circuit. 

A  heat  coil,  if  the  sensitiveness  of  the  instrument  demands  it,  which  will  operate 
before  a  sneak  current  can  damage  the  instrument  the  protector  is  guarding; 

Heat  coils  are  necessary  in  all  circuits  normally  closed  through  magnet  windings, 
which  cannot  indefinitely  carry  a  current  of  at  least  5  amperes; 

The  heat  coil  is  designed  to  warm  up  and  melt  out  with  a  current  large  enough 


229 


CHAP.  9,  ART.  6,  SEC.  686. 


to  endanger  the  instruments  if  continued  for  a  long  time,  but  so  small  that  it  would 
not  blow  the  fuses  ordinarily  found  necessary  for  such  instruments. 

3.  The  fuses  must  be  so  placed  as  to  protect  the  arrester  and  heat  coils,  and  the 
protector  terminals  must  be  plainly  marked  “line,”  “instrument,”  “ground.”  An  easily 
read  abbreviation  of  the  above  words  will  be  allowed. 

5.  Generally.  •  . 

The  following  rules  apply  to  all  systems  whether  the  wires  from  the  central  office 
to  the  building  are  overhead  or  underground : 

n.  Wires  beyond  the  protector,  or  wires  inside  buildings  where  no  protector  is 
used,  must'  be  neatly  arranged  and  securely  fastened  in  place  in  some  convenient, 
workmanlike  manner.  They  must  not  come  nearer  than  2  inches  to  any  electric  light 
or  power  wire  in  the  building,  unless  separated  therefrom  by  some  continuous  and 
firmly  fixed  non-conductor  creating  a  permanent  separation;  this  non-conductor  to  be 
in  addition  to  the  regular  insulation  on  the  wire. 

o.  Wires  where  bunched  together  in  a  vertical  run  within  any  building  must  have 
a  fire-resisting  covering  sufficient  to  prevent  the  wires  from  carrying  fire  from  floor 
to  floor  unless  they  are  run  either  in  non-combustible  tubing  or  in  a  fireproof  shaft, 
which  shaft  must  be  provided  with  fire  stops  at  each  floor.  Signaling  wires  and  elec¬ 
tric  light  or  power  wires  may  be  run  in  the  same  shaft,  provided  that  1  of  these 
classes  of  wires  is  run  in  non-combustible  tubing,  or  provided  that  when  run  otherwise 
these  2  classes  of  wires  shall  be  separated  from  each  other  by  at  least  2  inches. 
In  no  case  shall  signaling  wires  be  run  in  the  same  tube  with  electric  light  or  power 
wires. 

p.  Transformers  or  other  devices  for  supplying  current  to  signaling  systems 
from  light,  heat  or  power  circuits  must  be  of  a  design  expressly  approved  for  this 
purpose.  The  primary  wiring  must  be  installed  in  accordance  with  the  requirements 
of  article  4  of  this  chapter,  and  the  secondary  wiring  in  accordance  with  this  article. 

§686.  Wireless  telegraph  apparatus. 

In  setting  up  wireless  telegraph  apparatus,  all  wiring  within  the  building  must 
conform  to  the  requirements  of  this  chapter  for  the  class  of  work  installed  and  to 
the  following  additional  specifications : 

a.  Aerial  conductors  must  be  permanently  and  effectively  grounded  at  all  times 
when  station  is  not  in  operation  by  a  conductor  not  smaller  than  No.  4  B.  &  S.  gauge 
copper  wire,  run  in  as  direct  line  as  possible  to  water  pipe  at  a  point  on  the  street 
si(|e  of  all  connections  to  said  water  pipe  within  the  premises,  or  to  some  other 
equally  satisfactory  earth  connection. 

b.  Aerial  conductors  when  grounded  as  above  specified  must  be  effectually  cut 
off  from  all  apparatus  within  the  building. 

c.  Or  the  aerial  must  be  permanently  connected  at  all  times  to  earth  in  the  man¬ 
ner  specified  above,  through  a  short-gap  lightning  arrester,  said,  arrester  to  have  a  gap 
of  not  over  .015  inch  between  brass  or  copper  plate,  not  less  than  2^4  inches  in  length 
parallel  to  the  gap,  and  \y2  inches  the  other  way  with  a  thickness  of  not  less  than  Y$ 
inch  mounted  upon  non-combustible,  non-absorptive  insulating  material  of  such  di¬ 
mensions  as  to  give  ample  strength.  Other  approved  arresters  of  equally  low  resist¬ 
ance  and  equally  substantial  construction  may  be  used. 

d.  In  cases  where  the  aerial  is  grounded  as  specified  in  paragraph  a  of  this  sec¬ 
tion,  the  switch  employed  to  join  the  aerial  to  the  ground  connection  shall  not  be 
smaller  than  a  standard  100  ampere  knife  switch. 

e.  Where  supply  is  obtained  direct  from  the  street  service  the  circuit  must  be 
installed  in  approved  metal  conduits  or  armored  cable.  In  order  to  protect  the  supply 
system  from  high  potential  surges,  there  must  be  inserted  in  circuit  either  a  trans- 

230 


ELECTRICAL  CONTROL. 


former  having  a  ratio  which  will  give  a  potential  on  the  secondary  leads  not  to  exceed 
550  volts,  or  two  condensers  in  series  across  the  line,  the  connection  between  said  con¬ 
densers  to  be  permanently  and  effectually  grounded.  These  condensers  should  have 
capacity  of  not  less  than  y2  micro-farad. 


§687.  Electric  gas  lighting. 

a.  Electrical  gas  lighting,  unless  it  is  the  frictional  system,  must  not  be  used  on 
the  same  fixture  with  the  electric  light,  except  under  special  permission  in  writing. 

§688.  Insulation  resistance. 

The  wiring  in  any  building  must  comply  with  the  following  requirements.  The 
complete  installation  must  have  a  resistance  between  conductors  and  between  all  con¬ 
ductors  and  the  ground  (not  including  attachments,  sockets,  receptacles,  etc.)  not  less 
than  that  given  in  the  following  table: 


Up  to  5  amperes... 
Up  to  10  amperes. . . 
Up  to  25  amperes. . . 
Up  to  50  amperes. . . 
Up  to  100  amperes. . 
Up  to  200  amperes. . 
Up  to  400  amperes. . 
Up  to  800  amperes. . 
Up  to  1,600  amperes 


4,000,000  ohms 
2,000,000  ohms 
800,000  ohms 
400,000  ohms 
200,000  ohms 
100,000  ohms 
50,000  ohms 
25,000  ohms 
12,500  ohms 


The  test  must  be  made  with  all  cut-outs  and  safety  devices  in  place.  If  the  lamp 
sockets,  receptacle,  electroliers,  etc.,  are  also  connected,  only  y2  the  resistance  speci¬ 
fied  in  the  table  will  be  required. 


ARTICLE  7. 

Violations. 

Section  700.  Violations. 

§700.  Violations.  Any  person  who  shall  violate  any  provision  of  this  chapter, 
or  fail  to  comply  with  any  requirement  thereof,  or  who  shall  violate  or  fail  to  comply 
with  any  order  or  regulation  of  the  commissioner  made  thereunder,  or  who,  being 
the  holder  of  a  special  permit,  as  defined  in  subdivision  7  of  §  1  of  this  chapter,  shall 
install,  alter  or  repair  any  electric  wiring  or  appliance  for  light,  heat  or  power,  in 
violation  of  the  terms  of  such  special  permit  or  any  provision  of  this  chapter,  shall 
for  each  and  every  such  violation  or  non-compliance  forfeit  and  pay  a  penalty  in  the 
sum  of  $50. 


231 


Article  1. 
2. 

3. 

4. 

5. 

6. 

7. 

8. 
9. 

10. 
11. 
12. 
13. 
1 14. 

15. 

16. 

17. 

18. 

19. 

20. 
21. 
22. 

23. 

24. 

25. 

26. 


CHAPTER  10. 

^EXPLOSIVES  AND  HAZARDOUS  TRADES. 

Regulations  of  the  Municipal  Explosives  Commission. 

General  provisions. 

Certificates  and  permits. 

Bonds  and  fees. 

Manufacture,  storage,  sale,  transportation  and  use  of  explosives. 
Ammunition. 

Fireworks. 

Matches. 

Mineral  oils. 

Inflammable  mixtures. 

Combustible  mixtures. 

Garages. 

Motor  vehicle  repair  shops. 

Dry  cleaning  and  dry  dyeing  establishments. 

Motor  cycle  repair  shops  and  storage  places. 

Paints,  varnishes  and  lacquers. 

Calcium  carbide. 

Gases  under  pressure. 

Refrigerating  plants. 

Nitro-cellulose. 

Inflammable  motion-picture  films. 

Distilled  liquors  and  alcohols. 

Oils  and  fats. 

Technical  establishments. 

Wholesale  drug  stores  and  drug  and  chemical  supply-houses. 
Retail  drug  stores. 

Miscellaneous. 

ARTICLE  1. 


Section  1. 

2. 

3. 

4. 

5. 

6. 

7. 

8. 
9. 

10. 

11. 


General  Provisions. 

Definitions. 

Construction  of  chapter. 

Federal  government. 

City  officers. 

Seizure  of  contraband  material. 
Revenues,  disposition  of. 

Electrical  perils,  protection  against. 
Smoking  prohibited. 

Fire  extinguishing  appliances. 
Hazardous  industries. 

Permits. 


§1.  Definitions. 

Unless  otherwise  expressly  stated  whenever  used  in  this  chapter  the  following 
terms  shall  respectively  be  deemed  to  mean: 

1.  Ammunition ,  a  metal  or  other  shell  containing  a  fulminate,  or  containing  black 
or  smokeless  powder  for  the  purpose  of  propelling  projectiles  or  shot;  or  black  or 

*  O.  R.,  in  foot  notes,  indicates  original  Regulations  of  Municipal  Explosives 
Commission. 

t  Added  by  ord.  effective  Feb.  20,  1917. 


EXPLOSIVES  AND  HAZARDOUS  TRADES. 


smokeless  powder  packed  for  use  as  a  propelling  charge  or  for  saluting  purposes;  (O. 

R.,  §19.) 

2.  Black  powder  (gunpowder) ,  any  explosive  substance  composed  of  sulphur, 
charcoal  and  either  sodium  or  potassium  nitrate;  (O.  R.,  §16.) 

3.  Blasting  cap,  a  cap  or  detonator,  with  wires  attached  for  exploding  the  same  by 
means  of  electricity;  (O.  R.,  §14.) 

4.  Blasting  powder,  an  explosive  substance  composed  of  sulphur,  charcoal  and 
sodium  nitrate,  specially  prepared  for  the  purpose  of  blasting;  (O.  R.,  §17.) 

5.  Bond,  a  written  obligation  or  undertaking,  under  seal,  whereby  an  applicant 
for  or  holder  of  a  permit  engages  and  agrees  to  indemnify  the  city  for  any  loss, 
damage  or  injury  resulting  from  his  acts  under  such  permit;  (O.  R.,  §9.) 

6.  (Repealed  by  ord.  effective  May  25,  1915.) 

7.  Certificate  of  approval,  a  written  statement  issued  by  the  fire  commissioner, 
certifying  that  the  type,  class  or  kind  or  article  or  thing  mentioned  therein  has  been 
examined,  tested  and  approved  in  conformity  with  this  chapter,  and  that  it  is  authorized 
to  be  manufactured,  stored,  transported,  sold  or  used;  (O.  R.,  §4.) 

8.  Certificate  of  fitness,  a  written  statement  issued  by  the  fire  commissioner, 
certifying  that  the  person  to  whom  it  is  issued  has  passed  an  examination  as  to  his 
qualifications  to  perform  the  work  mentioned  therein,  and  that  he  has  authority  to 
perform  such  work  during  the  term  specified;  (O.  R.,  §3.) 

9.  Certificate  of  registration,  a  written  statement  issued  by  the  fire  commissioner, 
certifying  that  the  person,  association  or  corporation  named  therein  has  registered  his 
or  its  name  with  the  commissioner  in  conformity  with  the  provisions  of  this  chapter ; 
(O.  R„  §5.) 

10.  (Repealed  by  ord.  effective  May  25,  1915.) 

11.  Combustible  mixture,  any  liquid  or  solid  mixture,  or  substance,  or  compound, 
which  does  not  emit  an  inflammable  vapor  at  a  temperature  below  100°  F.,  when  tested 
in  a  Tagliabue  open  cup  tester,  but  which  may  be  ignited  and  caused  to  burn;  (O.  R., 
§25.) 

12.  Dry  cleaning  or  dry  dyeing,  the  act  or  process  of  washing  or  immersing  in 
volatile  inflammable  oil  or  liquid  a  garment,  fabric,  fiber,  substance  or  article,  for  the 
purpose  of  cleaning  or  dyeing  the  same;  (O.  R.,  §29.) 

12a.  Container  capacity,  the  cubic  measure  of  the  container;  (Added  by  ord. 
effective  May  25,  1915.) 

13.  Essential  oil,  an  oil  used  for  flavoring  or  perfuming  purposes;  (O.  R.,  §34b.) 

14.  Explosive,  explosive  compound  or  mixture,  or  explosive  article,  any  substance 
or  compound  or  mixture,  or  article  having  properties  of  such  a  character  that  alone,  or 
in  combination  or  contiguity  with  other  substances  or  compounds,  may  decompose 
suddenly  and  generate  sufficient  heat  or  gas  or  pressure,  or  any  or  all  of  them,  to  pro¬ 
duce  rapid  flaming  combustion,  or  administer  a  destructive  blow  to  surrounding 
objects;  (O.  R.,  §11.) 

15.  F.,  Fahrenheit,  the  Fahrenheit  thermometer;  (New.) 

16.  Fire  retarding  material,  asbestos  board  in  2  layers,  each  ^  inch  in  thickness, 
the  second  layer  breaking  joints  in  all  directions  with  the  first,  or  plaster  boards 
cocoa  fibre  filled,  covered  with  lap  jointed  metal  not  less  than  26  B.  &  S.  gauge 
in  thickness  and  any  other  material  that  has  successfully  passed  the  1  hour  fire  test 
prescribed  by  the  industrial  board  of  the  state  labor  department,  under  date  of 
October  29,  1914;  (O.  R.,  §38a;  as  amended  by  ord.  effective  May  25,  1915.) 

17.  Fireworks,  any  combustible  or  explosive  composition,  or  any  substance  or 
combination  of  substances,  or  article,  prepared  for  the  purpose  of  producing  a  visible 
or  an  audible  pyrotechnic  effect  by  combustion,  explosion,  deflagration  or  detonation; 
(O.  R.,  §20.) 


233 


CHAP.  10,  ART.  1,  SEC.  1. 


18.  Fuel  oil,  any  liquid  mixture,  substance  or  compound,  derived  from  petroleum, 
which  does  not  emit  an  inflammable  vapor  below  a  temperature  of  125°  F.,  when  tested 
in  a  Tagliabue  open  cup  tester;  (O.  R.,  §23a.) 

19.  Garage,  a  building,  shed  or  enclosure,  or  any  portion  thereof,  in  which  a 
motor  vehicle  other  than  one  the  fuel  storage  tank  of  which  is  empty,  is  stored, 
housed  or  kept; 

(a)  Storage  garage,  a  garage  in  which  volatile  inflammable  oil  other  than  that 
contained  in  the  fuel  storage  tanks  of  motor  vehicles  is  handled,  stored  or  kept; 

(b)  Non-storage  garage,  a  garage  in  which  no  volatile  inflammable  oil  other  than 
that  contained  in  the  fuel  storage  tanks  of  motor  vehicles,  is  handled,  stored  or  kept. 
(Amended  by  ord.  approved  Aug.  8,  1916.) 

20.  Gas  under  pressure,  a  gas  or  compound  of  gases,  either  in  a  gaseous  or 
liquid  form ;  compressed  to  a  pressure  greater  than  6  pounds  to  the  square  inch ; 
(O.  R.,  §31.) 

21.  Guncotton  that  nitro  cellulose  chemically  known  ,  as  hexa-nitro-cellulose,  and 
generally  used  alone  or  in  combination  with  other  substances  as  a  blasting  explosive 
or  as  a  propelling  charge,  and  includes  all  cellulose  nitrates  of  a  higher  degree  of 
nitration;  (O.  R.,  §12). 

22.  Inflammable  mixture,  any  liquid,  or  any  mixture,  substance,  or  compound, 
that  contains  more  than  10  per  cent,  by  volume  of  volatile  inflammable  oil,  or  which 
will  emit  an  inflammable  vapor  at  a  temperature  below  100°  F.,  when  tested  in  a 
Tagliabue  open  cup  tester;  (O.  R.,  §24.) 

23.  Inflammable  motion  picture  film,  a  film  made  of  nitro-cellulose  product  or 
other  inflammable  substance,  used  for  the  purpose  of  displaying  motion-pictures  for 
exhibition;  (O.  R.,  §33;  amended  by  ord.  effective  May  25,  1915). 

24.  Kerosene  or  kerosene  oil,  any  liquid  product  or  petroleum,  commonly  used  for 
illuminating  purposes,  which  does  not  emit  an  inflammable  vapor  below  a  temperature 
of  100°  F.,  when  tested  in  a  Tagliabue  open  cup  tester;  (O.  R..  §23.) 

25.  Lubricating  oil,  an  oil  used  to  reduce  friction,  whether  of  animal,  vegetable 
or  mineral  origin,  or  a  compound  thereof;  (O.  R.,  §34a.) 

26.  Match,  a  stick,  fibre  of  wick  of  wood,  paper  or  other  material,  cut,  prepared, 
manufactured  or  treated  so  that,  by  friction,  contact  or  otherwise,  with  or  upon  a 
surface  or  substance,  it  will  ignite  and  produce  a  flame  or  combustion;  (O.  R.,  §21.) 

27.  Motor  vehicle,  a  vehicle  or  other  conveyance  having  more  than  2  running 
wheels,  and  using  a  volatile  inflammable  oil  as  fuel  for  generating  motive  power, 
excepting  such  vehicles  as  have  a  storage  tank  of  a  capacity  of  less  than  2  gallons  of 
a  volatile  inflammable  oil;  (O.  R.,  §26.) 

28.  Motor  vehicle  repair  shop,  a  building,  shed  or  enclosure,  or  any  portion 
thereof,  wherein  is  conducted  the  general  business  of  repairing  motor  vehicles;  (O.  R., 
§28.) 

29.  Nitro-cellulose  product,  any  substance,  material,  or  compound,  having  soluble 
cotton  as  a  base,  including  pyralin,  celluloid,  fiberoid,  viscoloid,  and  similar  materials 
and  compounds  by  whatever  name  known,  when  in  the  form  of  blocks,  slabs,  sheets, 
rods,  tubes  or  other  shapes,  and  intended  to  be  used  for  further  manufacture;  (O.  R., 
§32.) 

30.  Oil  and  fat,  any  oil,  fat  or  grease,  of  animal,  vegetable  or  mineral  origin, 
except  essential  oils;  (O.  R.,  §34.) 

30a.  Oil  selling  station,  an  authorized  building,  shed  or  enclosure,  or  any  portion 
thereof,  in  which  the  business  of  storing  and  selling  volatile  inflammable  oil  to  passing 
motor  vehicle  is  conducted,  but  where  motor  vehicles  are  not  stored;  (Added  by 
ord.  effective  May  25,  1915.) 

30b.  Oil  storage  plant,  a  building,  shed,  enclosure  or  premises,  or  any  portion 


234 


EXPLOSIVES  AND  HAZARDOUS  TRADES. 

thereof,  in  which  petroleum  or  shale  oil  or  the  liquid  products  thereof,  or  of  coal 
tar,  are  stored  or  kept  for  sale  in  large  quantities,  in  tanks,  barrels  or  approved  float¬ 
ing  barges;  (Added  by  ord.  effective  May  25,  1915.) 

31.  Permit,  the  written  authority  of  the  fire  commissioner,  issued  pursuant  to 
this  chapter,  for  the  manufacture,  transportation,  storage,  sale  or  use  of  any  finished 
or  unfinished  product,  article  or  thing,  or  any  material  or  substance  entering  into  the 
composition  thereof;  (O.  R.,  §1.) 

32.  (Repealed  by  ord.  approved  Aug.  8,  1916.) 

33.  (Repealed  by  ord.  approved  Aug.  8,  1916.) 

34.  Retail  drug  store,  a  store  or  building  used  for  the  compounding  and  dis¬ 
pensing,  usually  in  the  form  of  physicians’  prescriptions,  or  for  the  selling  of  small 
quantities  of  medicinal  preparations,  proprietary  articles,  drugs,  chemicals,  oils,  volatile 
solvents  and  other  substances  which,  alone  or  in  combination  with  any  other  article  or 
substance,  are  of  a  highly  combustible,  inflammable  or  explosive  nature;  (O.  R.,  §37.) 

35.  Safety  or  slow  burning  fuse,  a  train,  or  core,  of  black  powder  surrounded 
by  strands  of  jute,  hemp  or  other  fiber,  and  usually  covered  with  a  waterproofing 
material;  (O.  R.,  §15.) 

36.  Smokeless  powder,  a  propellant  for  small  arms  or  cannon,  in  the  combustion 
of  which  smoke  is  largely  eliminated,  and  having  for  its  explosive  base  nitrocellulose 
in  varying  proportions;  (O.  R.,  §18.) 

37.  Soluble  cotton .  pyroxylin  or  nitro-cellulose,  including  all  cellulose  nitrates 
below  that  chemically  known  as  hexa-nitro-cellulose,  and  soluble  in  a  volatile  inflam¬ 
mable  liquid;  (O.  R.,  §13.) 

38.  (Repealed  by  ord.  effective  May  25,  1915.) 

39.  (Repealed  by  ord.  effective  May  25,  1915.) 

40.  Technical  establishment,  a  building  or  place  where  explosive,  inflammable 
or  highly  combustible  substances  are  produced,  used  or  stored  for  use,  or  where 
chemicals  or  other  materials  entering  into  the  production  of  such  substances  are 
stored  or  used,  excepting  those  establishments  which  are  specifically  treated  under 
other  classifications  in  this  chapter;  (O.  R.,  §35.) 

41.  Tenement-house ,  a  tenement  house  as  defined  in  the  Tenement  House  Law. 
L.  1909,  Ch.  99,  §2,  subd.  1,  as  amended  by  Ch.  13,  L.  1912;  (O.  R.,  §8.) 

42.  Vault,  a  covered  excavation  or  chamber,  below  the  street  level,  with  masonry 
walls  and  roof,  constructed  outside  the  foundation  walls  of  a  building,  and  with  but 
one  entrance,  fitted  with  a  self-closing  fireproof  door;  (O.  R.,  §7.) 

43.  Volatile  inflammable  oil,  any  oil  or  liquid  that  will  generate  an  inflammable 
vapor  at  a  temperature  below  100°  F.  when  tested  in  a  Tagliabue  open  cup  tester; 
(O.  R.,  §22.) 

44.  Wholesale  drug  store  or  drug  and  chemical  supply  house,  a  building  or  place 
used  for  receiving,  handling,  storing  or  keeping  for  sale,  in  large  quantities,  medicinal 
preparations,  proprietary  articles,  drugs,  chemicals,  oils,  volatile  solvents,  and  other 
substances  which,  alone  or  in  combination  with  other  substances  or  articles,  are  of  a 
highly  combustible,  inflammable  or  explosive  nature;  (O.  R.,  §36.) 

45.  Working  or  filling  pressure,  the  pressure  at  70°  F.  (Added  by  ord.  effective 
May  25,  1915.) 

§2.  Construction  of  chapter. 

Whenever  in  this  chapter  a  specified  article  treats  of  any  substance,  trade  or 
industry,  such  regulations  shall  control  and  have  precedence  over  any  conflicting  refer¬ 
ence  or  regulation  covering  the  same  substance,  business,  trade  or  industry  made  in 
any  other  portion  of  this  chapter.  (O.  R.,  §55.) 


235 


CHAP.  10,  ART.  1,  SECS.  3-11. 


§3.  Federal  government. 

Nothing  contained  in  this  chapter  shall  be  construed  as  applying  to  the  trans¬ 
portation  of  any  article  or  thing  shipped  in  conformity  with  the  regulations  prescribed 
by  the  interstate  commerce  commission ;  nor  as  applying  to  the  military  or  naval  forces 
of  the  United  States,  nor  to  the  duly  authorized  militia  of  any  state  or  territory 
thereof.  (O.  R.,  §§62,  63.) 

§4.  City  officers. 

The  heads  of  the  various  departments  of  the  city  shall  be  subject  to  the  provisions 
of  this  chapter  with  regard  to  obtaining  permits  and  with  regard  to  the  requirements 
for  certificates  of  fitness  for  their  employees;  but  they  shall  not  be  required  to  furnish 
a  bond  or  to  pay  a  fee  in  connection  therewith.  (O.  R.,  §61.) 

§5.  Seizure  of  contraband  material. 

Any  article  or  thing  the  manufacture,  transportation,  storage,  keeping,  sale  or 
use  of  which  is  prohibited  by  this  chapter,  or  which  is  manufactured,  transported, 
stored,  sold,  kept,  or  used  in  violation  thereof,  is  liable  to  seizure  by  the  fire  com¬ 
missioner,  and  may  be  disposed  of  at  his  discretion.  (O.  R.,  §57.) 

§6.  Revenues,  disposition  of. 

All  fees,  fines  and  forfeitures,  and  all  proceeds  of  suits  for  penalties,  which  may 
be  paid  or  collected  pursuant  to  this  chapter,  shall  be  paid  in  and  disbursed  pursuant 
to  chapter  xv.  title  5  of  the  Charter.  (O.  R.,  §59.) 

§7.  Electrical  perils,  protection  against. 

In  workshops,  factories,  and  other  establishments,  where  volatile  inflammable  oils 
or  liquids,  or  inflammable  or  explosive  substances,  are  used  or  handled,  all  fixtures, 
machinery  and  apparatus  liable  to  generate  or  be  affected  by  an  electric  spark,  or  which 
are  in  any  way  exposed  to  the  influence  of  an  electric  discharge  (such  as  lightning), 
shall  be  “grounded’  in  a  manner  satisfactory  to  the  fire  commissioner.  (O.  R.,  §56.) 

§8.  Smoking  prohibited. 

No  person  shall  smoke  or  carry  a  lighted  cigar,  cigarette,  pipe  or  match  within 
any  room  or  enclosed  place,  or  in  any  cellar  or  basement,  or  in  any  part  of  any 
premises  in  which  an  explosive  or  highly  combustible  or  inflammable  material  is  man¬ 
ufactured,  stored  or  kept  for  use  or  sale.  Offices  not  containing  explosive,  highly 
combustible  or  inflammable  material,  and  separated  from  the  other  parts  of  said  places 
or  premises  by  a  tight  partition  or  a  self-closing  door,  shall  be  exempt  from  the  above 
prohibition.  O.  R,  §§299,  342,  402,  439  .  506,  569,  599.) 

§9.  Fire  extinguishing  appliances. 

The  fire  commissioner  may,  before  granting  any  permit  hereinafter  prescribed, 
require  the  installation  of  water-buckets,  sand  buckets,  fire  extinguishers,  metal 
receptacles  for  rubbish  and  other  means  of  preventing  and  extinguishing  fire,  where 
the  same  are  not  specifically  required  in  this  chapter.  (O.  R.,  §600.) 

§10.  Hazardous  industries. 

Except  as  otherwise  provided  in  this  chapter,  no  person  shall  conduct  a  hazardous 
or  dangerous  industry,  trade,  occupation  or  business,  requiring  the  storage,  sale  or 
use  of  any  explosives,  inflammable,  combustible  or  other  dangerous  substance,  article, 
compound  or  mixture,  without  a  permit,  issued  upon  such  conditions  as  are  deemed 
by  the  fire  commissioner  necessary  in  the  interest  of  public  safety.  (Added  by  ord. 
effective  May  25,  1915.) 

§11.  Permits. 

The  sale,  storage  use,  manufacture  or  transportation  of  any  combustible,  inflam¬ 
mable  or  explosive  article,  thing,  substance  or  compound  to  which  this  chapter  applies, 


236 


EXPLOSIVES  AND  HAZARDOUS  TRADES. 


without  a  permit  in  writing  from  the  fire  commissioner,  except  where  none  is  provided 
for  in  this  chapter,  is  hereby  prohibited.  Where  separate  regulations  require  permits 
for  2  or  more  departments  or  branches  of  the  same  business  conducted  in  the  same 
establishment,  all  such  departments  or  branches  may  be  included  in  a  single  permit, 
the  fee  to  be  fixed  by  the  fire  commissioner.  (Added  by  ord.  effective  May  25,  1915.) 


ARTICLE  2. 


Certificates  and  Permits. 


Section  20. 
21. 
22. 

23. 

24. 

25. 

26. 
27. 


Applications. 

Certificate  of  fitness. 
Certificates  of  approval. 
Certificates  of  registration. 
Permits;  general  provisions. 
Special  permits. 

Renewals ;  revocation. 
Inspection. 


§20.  Applications. 

All  applications  for  certificates  or  permits  required  by  the  provisions  of  this 
chapter  shall  be  made  to  the  fire  commissioner,  in  such  form  and  detail  as  he  shall 
prescribe,  and  containing  such  information  as  he  shall  require.  Except  applications 
for  certificates  of  fitness,  they  shall  be  accompanied  by  such  plans,  drawings,  models  or 
samples  as  the  commissioner  may  require.  (O.  R.,  §§39,  40.) 


§21.  Certificate  of  fitness. 

1.  Qualifications.  An  applicant  for  a  certificate  of  fitness  must — 

(a)  Be  at  least  21  years  of  age; 

(b)  Have  a  reasonable  understanding  of  the  English  language  and  be  able  to' 
answer  satisfactorily  such  questions  as  may  be  asked  him  upon  his  examination ; 

(c)  Produce  such  evidence  of  his  character,  habits  and  past  employment  as  may 
be  satisfactory  to  the  commissioner; 

(d)  Pass  an  examination,  by  a  person  or  body  designated  by  the  fire  commissioner, 
upon  the  law  and  ordinance  regulations  governing  the  transportation,  storage  and  use 
of  the  substance,  compound  or  article  relating  to  or  connected  with  the  service  to  be 
performed  by  him ;  upon  the  risks  incident  to  his  employment,  and  upon  his  knowledge 
of  the  precautions  necessary  to  be  taken  in  connection  therewith ;  provided,  however, 
that  such  examination  may  be  waived  at  the  discretion  of  the  fire  commissioner  upon 
applications  for  renewals  of  such  certificates.  Upon  the  approval  of  such  examiner 
or  examining  body,  the  fire  commissioner  may  issue  to  him  a  certificate  of  fitness. 
An  applicant  for  such  certificate,  who  has  failed  to  pass  a  satisfactory  examination 
may  renew  his  application  after  the  expiration  of  3  months  from  the  date  of  his  last 
examination ; 

(e)  In  addition  to  the  foregoing  requirements,  an  applicant  in  order  to  obtain  an 
original  certificate  of  fitness  as  a  blaster,  must  present  satisfactory  evidence  of 
experience  in  handling  high  explosives,  either  as  a  blaster  or  a  blaster’s  helper,  for  a 
period  not  less  than  2  years,  and  that  he  is  properly  qualified  to  perform  the  duties 
of  a  blaster.  (O.  R.,  §§31.  42;  amended  by  ord.  effective  May  25,  1915.) 

2.  Photographs.  Each  application  for  such  a  certificate  shall  be  accompanied  with 
two  unmounted  photographs  of  the  applicant,  taken  in  ordinary  working  clothes,  not 
less  than  2  by  3  inches;  one  of  which  shall  be  attached  to  the  application,  the  other 
to  the  certificate  of  fitness  when  issued.  (O.  R.,  §43.) 


237 


CHAP.  10,  ART.  2,  SECS.  22-27. 


§22.  Certificates  of  approval. 

Each  application  for  a  certificate  of  approval  shall  be  accompanied  with  the 
article  or  thing  sought  to  be  approved,  or  with  complete  working  drawings  thereof. 
The  applicant  for  the  certificate  shall,  at  his  own  cost  and  expense,  furnish  to  the  fire 
commissioner  any  required  opportunity  to  make  an  analysis,  test  or  examination  of 
x'nc  article  or  thing  which  is  the  subject  of  his  application,  under  such  conditions 
as  may  be  prescribed  by  the  commissioner;  or  shall,  if  directed,  have  such  analysis, 
test  or  examination  made  at  a  laboratory  or  testing  establishment  to  be  designated  by 
the  commissioner.  Each  article  or  thing  of  a  type  for  which  a  certificate  of  approval 
shall  have  been  issued  shall  have  the  number  of  such  certificate  plainly  stamped  or 
otherwise  fixed  upon  it,  or  a  mark  of  identification  which  must  be  recorded  in  the 
certificate  of  approval.  (O.  R.,  §§45,  47;  amended  by  ord.  effective  May  25,  1915.) 

§23.  Certificates  of  registration. 

An  application  for  a  certificate  of  registration  of  the  name  of  a  person,  association 
or  corporation  manufacturing,  outside  the  city,  any  article  or  thing  which  is  to  be 
stored,  sold  and  used  within  the  city,  shall  be  in  such  form  and  detail  as  the  fire 
commissioner  may  prescribe,  and  shall  contain  a  general  description  of  the  article 
or  thing  sought  to  be  registered.  (O.  R.,  §48.) 

§24.  Permits;  general  provisions. 

1.  (Repealed  by  ord.  effective  May  25,  1915.) 

2.  Not  transferable.  A  permit  is  not  transferable,  but  the  business  may  be 
transferred  to  a  new  location  under  the  same  ownership,  and  in  case  a  business 
conducted  under  a  permit  changes  ownership,  the  new  owner,  before  assuming  control 
of  such  business,  shall  obtain  a  new  permit.  (O.  R.,  §49.) 

§25.  Special  permits. 

1.  Continuing  old  business.  The  fire  commissioner  may,  by  special  permit, 
authorize  the  continuance  of  any  business  or  the  storage,  sale  or  use  of  any  article, 
apparatus  or  thing,  which  was  originally  authorized  by  a  permit  issued  under  tne 
regulations  of  the  municipal  explosives  commission,  in  force  on  January  1,  1912,  or 
he  may  waive  the  operation  of  this  chapter,  or  any  portion  thereof,  in  a  sparsely  popu¬ 
lated  district.  (O.  R.,  §53.) 

2.  Modifications.  When  the  circumstances,  conditions,  limitations  or  surround¬ 
ings  of  any  business,  occupation,  trade,  industry  or  premises,  to  which  this  chapter 
applies,  are  unusual,  or  such  as  render  it  impracticable  to  enforce  all  the  provisions 
applicable  thereto,  the  fire  commissioner  may  waive  or  modify  such  provisions  to  such 
extent  as  he  may  deem  necessary  in  the  premises  consistent  with  public  safety.  (O.  R., 
§53a;  amended  by  ord.  effective  May  25,  1915.) 

§26.  Renewals;  revocation. 

Unless  otherwise,  specifically  provided,  every  permit,  certificate  of  fitness  or  cer¬ 
tificate  of  registration  or  renewal  thereof,  granted  by  the  fire  commissioner,  shall 
be  for  such  period  as  he  may  determine,  not  to  exceed  1  year  and  shall  be  a  mere 
revocable  license.  Certificates  of  approval  need  not  be  granted  for  a  fixed  period, 
and  may  be  revoked  at  any  time.  (O.  R.,  §50;  amended  by  ord.  effective  May  25,  1915.) 

§27.  Inspection. 

Every  permit  must  at  all  times  be  kept  on  the  premises  designated  therein,  and 
every  certificate  of  fitness  shall  at  all  times  be  kept  in  the  possession  of  the  person 
to  whom  it  shall  have  been  issued,  upon  pain  of  forfeiture  thereof,  and  shall  at  all 
times  be  subject  to  inspection  by  any  officer  of  the  fire  or  police  departments.  (O.  R., 
§52 ;  amended  by  ord.  effective  May  25,  1915.) 

238 


EXPLOSIVES  AND  HAZARDOUS  TRADES . 

ARTICLE  3. 

Bonds  and  Fees. 

Section  40.  Bonds,  general  provisions. 

41.  Schedule  of  bonds  required. 

42.  Fees  for  certificates. 

43.  Fees  for  permits. 

44.  Fees  for  special  permits. 

§40.  Bonds,  general  provisions. 

All  bonds  required  to  be  given  under  the  provisions  of  this  chapter  shall  be 
approved  by  the  comptroller,  as  to  the  sufficiency  of  the  sureties,  and  conditioned  for 
the  payment  of  any  loss,  damage  or  injury  resulting  to  persons  or  property  by  reason 
of  carelessness,  negligence  or  failure  to  comply  with  the  requirements  of  this  chapter, 
respecting  the  manufacture,  transportation,  storage,  sale,  handling  or  use,  within  the 
city,  of  any  article  or  thing  covered  by  this  chapter;  except  that  no  bond  shall  be 
required  of  a  contractor  in  connection  with  work  to  be  performed  by  him  under  a 
contract  with  the  city,  provided  he*  has  filed  a  general  indemnity  bond  covering  such 
contract.  (O.  R.,  §58.) 

§41.  Schedule  of  bonds  required. 

Except  as  provided  in  §40  of  this  chapter,  applicants  for  permits  of  the  following 
classes  shall  give  bonds  in  the  penal  sums  hereinafter  specified,  namely: 

Class  of  Permit.  Bond.  *0.  R. 

1.  Explosives: 

to  bring  into  the  city,  and  sell,  transport  and  deliver .  $5,000  00  §68 

for  each  vessel  in  the  local  trade .  5,000  00  §70 

for  each  vehicle  engaged  in  local  delivery .  5,000  00  §69 

for  magazine,  first  class  .  25,000  00  §72 

second  class  . 20,000  00  §72 

third  class  .  15,000  00  §72 

fourth  class  .  10,000  00  §72 

fifth  class  .  5,000  00  §72 

to  use .  5,000  00  §71 

2.  Fire-works: 

to  manufacture,  bond  of  not  less  than .  5,000  00  §79 

to  store  and  sell, 

wholesale  value  of  $500  .  2,000  00  §81 

wholesale  value  of  $1,500 .  5,000  00  §80 

to  use  and  discharge,  wholesale  value  over  $10, 

single  occasion  .  1,000  00  §83 

at  various  times  within  the  same  enclosure .  2,000  00  §84 


t§42.  Fees  for  certificates. 

Applicants  for  certificates  issued  under  the  provisions  of  this  chapter  shall  pay 
annual  fees  as  follows  : 

Class  of  Certificate.  Fee.  O.  R. 

1.  Certificate  of  fitness  as  magazine  keeper .  $2  00  §65 

others  certificates  of  fitness,  original .  5  00  §65 

renewals  . .  2  00  New 

♦Source  of  provision,  f Amended  by  ord.  effective  May  25,  1915. 

239 


CHAP.  10,  ART.  3,  SEC.  43. 


Class  of  Certificate.  Fee.  0.  R. 


2.  Certificate  of  approval .  25  00  §66 

3.  Certificate  of  registration,  the  fee  required  for  a  permit  to 

manufacture  a  similar  article  or  thing  within  the  city .  §67 

4.  Certificates  of  fitness  for  transferring  carbonic  acid,  both  orig¬ 

inals  and  renewals  .  SO  New 

(Amended  by  ord.  effective  July  3,  1917.) 


f§43.  Fees  for  permits. 

Applicants  for  permits  under  the  provisions  of  this  chapter  shall  pay  annual  fees 
as  follows : 


Class  of  Permits.  Annual  Fee.  *0.  R. 


1.  Acids,  to  store: 

more  than  1  and  not  exceeding  15  carboys  of  any  acid  or 

acids,  except  picric  acid .  $2  00  New 

more  than  15  carboys  of  any  acid  or  acids,  except  picric 
acid  .  5  00  New 

la.  Acids,  carbonic: 

fee  for  a  permit  to  transfer  carbonic  acid  to  a  container  of 
lower  pressure,  for  distribution  to  the  trade  .  5  00  New 

lb.  Acids,  carbonic: 

fee  for  a  permit  to  transfer  carbonic  acid  to  a  container  of 
lower  pressure,  for  use  only  by  the  operator  at  his  own 

retail  soda  water  stand  .  1  00  New 

(Amended  by  ord.  effective  July  3,  1917.) 

2.  Ammunition  for  small-arms: 

to  load  by  hand .  5  00  §76 

to  store  and  sell 

in  quantities  specified  in  §81 .  50  00  §77 

in  quantities  not  exceeding  25  per  cent,  of  quantities 

specified  in  §81 .  10  00  §77 

to  use  blank  cartridge  on  the  stage .  2  00  §78 

3.  Barbers’  supplies,  manufacturers  of,  when  applications  do  not 

exceed  2  bbls.  Columbian  spirits,  100  lbs.  essential  oils,  1 

bbl.  grain  alcohol  .  2  00  New 

4.  Black  powder,  blasting  powder  or  smokeless  powder: 

to  store  14  to  250  pounds .  10  00  §74 

under  14  pounds  .  5  00  §75 

5.  Calcium  carbide : 

to  store,  less  than  600  pounds .  10  00  §107 

more  than  600  pounds .  25  00  §108 

6.  Collodion,  in  factories  where  used  as  an  ingredient  of  a 

manufactured  product  .  10  00  New 

7.  Combustible  mixtures: 

to  manufacture  .  25  00  §98 

to  store  and  sell .  2  00  §99 


♦Source  of  provision.  fAmended  by  ord.  effective  May  25,  1915. 

240 


EXPLOSIVES  AND  HAZARDOUS  TRADES . 


Class  of  Permits.  Annual  Fee.  *0.  R. 


8.  Confectionery  supplies,  manufacturers  of,  when  applications 
do  not  exceed  7  bbls.  alcohol,  1,500  lbs.  glycerine,  750 
lbs.  essential  oils,  500  lbs.  flavoring,  250  lbs.  shellac,  3 
tons  cotton  seed  oil,  5  bales  excelsior,  2  gals,  benzine,  10 
lbs.  amyl  acetate,  50  gals,  cologne  spirits,  25  lbs.  sulphuric 


acid,  7  lbs.  ether  .  10  00  New 

9.  Drug  store,  or  drug  or  chemical  supply-house : 

to  maintain  and  operate,  wholesale .  10  00  §120 

to  maintain  and  operate,  retail .  2  00  §121 

10.  Electric  light  and  power  station,  when  applications  do  not 

exceed  20  gals,  gasoline,  5  gals,  benzine,  5  gals,  muriatic 
acid,  5  gals,  nitric  acid,  1  gal.  ether,  100  gals,  paints,  5 
gals,  alcohol,  2  bbls.  varnish .  5  00  New 

11.  Electric  and  other  blasting  caps,  to  store  and  sell .  25  00  §73 

12.  Explosives: 

to  bring  into  the  city  and  sell, 

to  transport  and  deliver  .  250  00  §68 

for  each  vessel  carrying  locally .  50  00  §70 

for  each  vehicle  delivering  locally .  50  00  §69 

to  use .  25  00  §71 

12.  Explosives: 

each  magazine,  first  class .  25  00  §72 

second  class  . 20  00  §72 

third  class  .  15  00  §72 

fourth  class  .  10  00  §72 

fifth  class  .  5  00  §72 

13.  Essential  oils,  storage  and  sale : 

500  pounds  and  over .  10  00  §95c 

100-500  lbs . 5  00  §95 c 

not  exceeding  100  lbs .  2  00  §95c 

14.  Fire-crackers,  to  store  in  warehouse... .  25  00  §82 

15.  Fire-works: 

to  manufacture  and  store  .  100  00  §79 

to  store  and  sell,  at  any  one  time : 

wholesale  market  value  of  $1,500 .  25  00  §80 

of  wholesale  market  value  of  $500. .  10  00  §81 

16.  Fuel  oil,  storage  and  use  of  5  bbls.  to  50  bbls .  5  00  §95 

over  50  bbls.  to  100  bbls . .  10  00  New 

over  100  bbls  .  25  00  New 

fl7.  Garage,  to  maintain  and  operate 

Storage — one  gasoline  storage  tank,  where  the  garage  con¬ 
tains  not  more  than  two  motor  vehicles .  5  00  New 

One  gasoline  storage  tank,  where  the  garage  contains 
more  than  two  but  not  more  than  four  motor  vehicles..  10  00  New 

One  gasoline  storage  tank,  where  the  garage  contains 
more  than  four  but  not  more  than  six  motor  vehicles..  15  00  New 


^Source  of  provision,  f Amended  by  ord.  approved  Aug.  8,  1916 ;  further  amended 
by  ord.  effective  May  22,  1917. 


241 


CHAP.  10,  ART.  3,  SEC.  43 


Class  of  Permits. 


Annual  Fee.  *0.  R. 


f  17.  Garage,  to  maintain  and  operate: 

Storage — one  gasoline  storage  tank,  where  the  garage 

contains  more  than  six  motor  vehicles . 

Each  additional  gasoline  storage  tank . 

Non-storage — where  the  garage  contains  not  more  than  four 

motor  vehicles . 

Each  additional  motor  vehicle  . 

But  in  no  case  shall  the  maximum  fee  for  a  permit  to 
maintain  and  operate  a  non-storage  garage  exceed  $25. 
Subject,  however,  to  the  provisions  of  subdivision  2,  of 
section  150  of  this  chapter. 

The  unit  capacity  of  storage  tanks  for  purposes  of  fee 
shall  be  275  gallons,  or  major  portion  thereof. 

The  fee  for  a  permit  for  a  one-story  garage,  divided  into 
individual  stalls  or  compartments,  storing  one  or  more  mo¬ 
tor  vehicles,  or  for  a  number  of  individual  garages  erected 
on  the  same  plot  of  ground,  in  cases  where  a  person  con¬ 
tinuously  in  charge  of  the  premises  has  and  can  give  access 
to  all  compartments,  shall  be  based  on  the  total  number  of 
motor  vehicles,  or  buried  tanks,  as  provided  for  in  non- 
storage  or  storage  garages  in  this  section. 

18.  Gas  fixtures,  manufacturers  of,  when  applications  do  not  ex¬ 

ceed  3  carboys  nitric  acid,  3  carboys  muriatic  acid,  3  car¬ 
boys  oil  of  vitriol,  6  bags  of  sawdust,  6  bales  excelsior,  5 
gals,  alcohol,  5  gals,  benzine,  10  gals,  lacquer,  10  gals, 
turpentine  . 

19.  Gases: 

to  generate  and  compress  acetylene  and  other  combustible 

gases,  including  storage  of  necessary  carbide . 

same,  pressure  not  to  exceed  15  lbs.  to  sq.  in . 

to  generate  and  compress  non-combustible . 

19.  Gases: 

to  store,  and  sell  gases  compressed  to  a  pressure  exceed¬ 
ing  15  lbs.  to  the  square  inch  in  quantities  greater  than 

those  specified  in  §211,  subdivision  1 . 

to  store  and  use  in  quantities  greater  than  those 

specified  in  §211,  subdivision  1 . 

to  store  tanks  or  cylinders  of  acetylene,  not  exceeding 

2,500  cu.  ft,  . 

to  use  oxygen  in  blow-pipe  with  combustible  gas . 

20.  Hydro-carbon  and  other  coal-tar  products: 

to  distill,  handle  and  transport . 

21.  Inflammable  mixtures: 

to  manufacture  . 

except  where  no  volatile  inflammable  oil  or  inflammable 

coal-tar  product  is  stored  on  the  premises... . 

to  store,  sell  or  use  in  excess  of  250  gals . 

from  50  to  250  gals . 

for  quantities  not  exceeding  50  gals .  ■  • 

*Source  of  provision,  f  Amended  by  ord.  approved  Aug.  8,  1916; 

by  ord.  effective  May  22,  1917. 


25  00 
10  00 

5  00 
2  00 


New 

New 

New 

New 


2  00  New 


50  00 

§109 

5  00 

§111 

25  00 

§110 

10  00 

§110 

5  00 

§110 

5  00 

§112 

5  00 

§113 

100  00 

§91 

50  00 

§96 

10  00 

§96 

10  00 

§97 

5  00 

§97 

2  00 

§97 

further  amended 


242 


EXPLOSIVES  AND  HAZARDOUS  TRADES. 


Class  of  Permits.  Annual  Fee.  *0.  R. 


22.  Inflammable  motion  picture  films,  to  store : 

5  reels,  5,000  feet,  to  10  reels,  10,000  feet .  10  00  §116 

10  reels,  10,000  feet,  to  30  reels,  30,000  feet .  25  00  §116 

30  reels,  30,000  feet,  to  100  reels,  100,000  feet .  50  00  §116 

100  reels,  100,000  feet,  to  150  reels,  150,000  feet .  75  00  §116 

150  reels,  150,000  feet,  and  over .  100  00  §116 

to  conduct  motion  picture  studio,  separate  from  a  manu¬ 
facturing  and  developing  plant .  25  00  New 

to  print  and  develop .  100  00  New 

23.  Kerosene  and  other  illuminating  oils,  to  store  and  sell  in 

quantities  not  exceeding  275  gals .  10  00  §95 

24.  Liquors,  spirits  or  alcohols,  to  manufacture,  distill,  rectify 

or  store  .  10  00  §117 

25.  Machine  oils,  lubricating  and  other  heavy  oils,  to  store  and 

sell,  over  5  bbls .  10  00  §95b 

26.  Matches: 

to  manufacture  .  25  00  §86 

to  store  and  sell,  less  than  500  matchman’s  gross .  5  00  §87 

less  than  5,000  matchman’s  gross .  10  00  §88 

more  than  5,000  matchman’s  gross .  50  00  §89 

26a.  Motor  cycle  repair  shop  or  storage  place,  or  both .  5  00  New 

(Added  Feb.  20,  1917;  to  take  effect  Jan.  1,  1918.) 

27.  Motor-vehicle  repair-shop,  to  maintain  and  operate .  10  00  §102 

for  storing  volatile  inflammable  oils  for  each  tank  of  275 
gals,  or  less,  an  additional  fee  of .  15  00  §102 

28.  Nickel  plating  establishment,  when  applications  do  not  ex¬ 

ceed  5  carboys  of  nitric  acid,  5  carboys  of  oil  of  vitriol,  5 

carboys  of  ammonia,  5  carboys  of  muriatic  acid .  2  00  New 

29.  Nitro-cellulose  products: 

to  store  and  use  in  manufacture,  100  lbs.  or  more .  50  00  §114 

less  than  100  lbs .  10  00  §114 

to  collect,  transport  or  store  scraps  of .  5  00  §115 

30.  Oils  and  fats,  to  store .  10  00  §118 

31.  Paints,  varnishes  or  lacquers: 

to  manufacture,  mix  or  compound,  generally .  50  00  §105 

paints  only  .  25  00  §105 

to  store  and  sell,  500  gals,  or  more .  25  00  §106 

100  to  500  gals .  10  00  §106 

less  than  100  gals .  2  00  §106 

to  store  and  use,  500  gals,  or  more .  10  00  §106 

100  to  500  gals .  5  00  §106 

20  to  100  gals .  2  00  §106 

32.  Petroleum,  to  refine  and  distill .  300  00  §90 

33.  Petroleum,  shale  oil  and  the  liquid  products  thereof  and  of 

coal  tar: . 

to  store  in  a  storage  plant, 

volatile  inflammable  oils  in  quantities  not  exceeding  1,650 
gallons,  or  other  oils  not  exceeding  3,300  gallons....  25  00  §92 


*Source  of  provision. 


243 


CHAP.  10,  ART.  3,  SECS.  44,  45. 


Class  of  Permits. 


Annual  Fee.  *0.  R. 


33.  Petroleum,  shale  oil  and  the  liquid  products  thereof  and  of 

coal  tar: 

to  store  in  a  storage  plant, 

other  oils,  3,300  gallons  to  10,000  gallons,  an  additional 

fee  of  . 

volatile  inflammable  oils  or  other  oils  in  excess  of 

above  amounts  . . 

to  store  and  sell, 

not  over  550  gallons  . 

at  retail,  not  over  100  gals . 

to  use  for  construction  work  on  streets  or  buildings 
under  construction  . 

34.  Photo-engravers,  when  applications  do  not  exceed  15  carboys 

of  nitric  acid,  5  carboys  acetic  acid,  2  bbls.  wood  alcohol, 

10  gals,  of  turpentine,  15  gals,  ether,  5  gals,  benzole,  5  gals, 
benzine,  15  gals,  collodion,  15  carboys  muriatic  acid,  10 
gals,  high  proof  spirits,  2  gals,  rubber  cement,  2  pounds 
soluble  cotton  . 

35.  Refrigerating  plants: 

capacity  of  10  tons  or  less . 

capacity  of  10  tons  to  50  tons . 

capacity  of  over  50  tons . 

Except  as  above  provided,  fees  for  permits  shall  be  fixed 
by  the  fire  commissioner. 

36.  Rubber  cement  (J4  gal.  benzine  to  be  permitted  to  be  stored 

as  a  solvent)  not  to  exceed  5  gals . 

37.  Technical  establishment,  to  operate  and  maintain . 

f38.  Volatile  inflammable  oils: 

to  store  and  sell  to  motor  boats,  not  over  10,000  gals . 

in  approved  buried  system,  used  to  fill  fuel  tanks  of  motor 
vehicles  owned  by  the  owner  of  such  system  which  are 

stored  on  other  premises . 

to  store  and  use,  not  more  than  10  gals . 

more  than  10  gals,  and  less  than  55  gals . 

to  store  and  use  in  dry-cleaning  or  dry-dyeing  plant: 

275  gals,  or  over  . 

70  to  275  gals . 

not  exceeding  70  gals . 

to  store  and  sell  at  an  oil  selling  station  up  to  550  gals... 
each  additional  unit  of  275  gals,  or  portion  thereof.... 

^Source  of  provision.  fAmended  by  ord.  approved  Aug.  8,  1916. 


10 

00 

§92 

100 

00 

§92 

20 

00 

§94 

10 

00 

§94 

2 

00 

New 

5  00 

New 

5  00 

New 

10  00 

New 

20  00 

New 

1  00 

New 

25  00 

§119 

25  00 

New 

10  00 

New 

2  00 

New 

5  00 

New 

50  00 

New 

20  00 

New 

10  00 

New 

20  00 

New 

10  00 

New 

§44.  Fees  for  special  permits. 

For  a  special  permit  the  applicant  shall  pay  the  fee  fixed  by  the  fire  commis¬ 
sioner  at  the  time  of  authorizing  the  permit.  (O.  R.  §64.) 

§45. 

No  charitable  institution  in  the  City  of  New  York  which  serves  the  public  free 
of  charge  shall  be  required  to  pay  any  fees  for  any  permit  required  under  the 
provisions  of  this  chapter  of  the  Code  of  Ordinances,  provided  the  article,  thing, 
substance  or  compound  for  which  the  permit  is  issued  is  owned  and  used  by  such 
institution  for  charitable  purposes.  (Amended  by  ord.  effective  May  22,  1917.) 

244 


EXPLOSIVES  AND  HAZARDOUS  TRADES. 


ARTICLE  4. 


Manufacture,  Storage,  Sale,  Transportation  and  Use  of  Explosives. 


Section  60. 
61. 

62. 

63. 

64. 

65. 

66. 

67. 

68. 
69. 


Manufacture  prohibited. 

Storage,  sale,  transportation,  use  or  possession  of  explosives,  gen¬ 
erally. 

Packing  and  marking. 

Magazines. 

Delivery  by  vehicles. 

Vessels  carrying  explosives. 

Report  of  deliveries. 

Blasting  caps. 

Black  powder,  blasting  powder  or  smokeless  powder. 

Use;  blasting. 


§60.  Manufacture  prohibited. 

No  person  shall  manufacture  electric  fuses,  safety  fuses,  blasting  caps  or  ex¬ 
plosives  in  the  city  (O.  R.,  §§125,  190,  201;  amended  by  ord.  effectivp  May  25,  1915.) 

§61.  Storage,  sale,  transportation,  use  or  possession  of  explosives,  generally. 

1.  Permit.  No  person  shall  transport,  store,  sell,  deliver,  use  or  have  in  pos¬ 
session  any  explosive  without  a  permit.  But  no  permit  shall  be  granted  to  any  per¬ 
son  other  than  a  citizen  of  the  United  States.  (Amended  by  ord.  effective  May  22, 
1917.) 

2.  Gun-cotton  and  soluble  cotton.  No  person  shall  transport,  store  or  sell  any 
gun-cotton  or  soluble  cotton  except  in  water-tight  metal  vessels,  containing  no  more 
than  10  pounds,  dry  weight,  and  at  least  20  per  cent,  of  water.  (O.  R.,  §133;  amended 
by  ord.  effective  May  25,  1915.) 

3.  Nitro-glycerine.  No  person  shall  transport,  store,  keep,  sell,  deliver,  use  or 
have  in  his  possession  any  liquid  nitro-glycerine,  nor  shall  any  person  store,  trans¬ 
port  or  use  between,  November  1st  and  March  15th,  any  explosive  which  will  freeze 
or  deteriorate  at  a  temperature  higher  than  10°  above  zero  F. ;  provided,  that  permits 
may  be  issued  for  the  transportation  and  sale  of  nitro-glycerine  in  the  form  of  tablets, 
pills  or  granules,  in  quantities  not  exceeding  10,000  pieces,  containing  no  more  than 
1/50  of  a  grain  each.  No  explosives  containing  nitro-glycerine,  and  not  intended  for 
use  within  the  city,  shall  be  stored  or  kept  therein  or  landed  at  or  upon  any  dock,  pier 
or  bulkhead  thereof,  except  as  prescribed  by  the  fire  commissioner.  (O.  R.,  §§125,  131, 
134,  14Q;  amended  by  ord.  effective  May  25,  1915.) 

4.  Transportation  or  delivery.  No  person  shall  transport  or  deliver  any  explo¬ 
sive  between  sunset  and  sunrise,  nor  in  a  completed  tunnel  or  subway  under  land  or 
waters,  or  in  or  upon  any  public  conveyance,  nor  shall  any  explosive  be  transported 
through,  in  or  upon  any  street,  except  in  the  manner  provided  in  §64  of  this  chapter. 
(O.  R.,  §§138-140.) 

5.  Supervision.  No  person  shall  bring  into  the  city,  nor  transport,  store,  deliver 
or  use  any  explosive  therein  unless  same  shall  be  continually  under  the  care  and 
supervision  of  one  or  more  persons,  each  holding  a  certificate  of  fitness.  (O.  R.,  §132.) 

6.  Unapproved  kinds,  types  or  brands.  No  permit  shall  be  issued  for  the  bring¬ 
ing  into  the  city  or  for  the  transportation,  storage,  sale  or  use  therein,  of  any  explo¬ 
sive  which  is  not  of  a  type,  kind  or  brand  that  has  been  examined,  tested  and  approved 
by  the  fire  commissioner.  (O.  R.,  §127.) 

§62.  Packing  and  marking. 

No  person  shall  sell  or  deliver  for  use  any  explosive  except  in  original  and  un¬ 
broken  packages,  and  when  packed  as  follows : 

245 


CHAP.  10,  ART.  4,  SEC.  63. 


1.  Dynamite  and  other  blasting  compounds  containing  a  liquid  which  may  exude 
— in  strong  wooden  cases,  lined  with  a  liquid-proof  paper  lining  sufficient  to  prevent 
the  exudation  of  the  liquid.  Such  cases  shall  be  of  2  sizes  only — to  contain  50  pounds 
and  25  pounds  of  explosives,  respectively;  (O.  R.,  §135a.) 

2.  Other  blasting  compounds  ( except  black  and  smokeless  powder )  which  do  not 
contain  a  substance  subject  to  deleterious  influences  by  exposure  to  moisture — 
in  strong  wooden  cases,  of  2  sizes  only — to  contain  50  pounds  and  25  pounds  of  explos¬ 
ives,  respectively;  (O.  R.,  §135b.) 

3.  Sticks  or  cartridges.  All  explosives  put  up  in  the  form  of  sticks  or  cartridges 
shall  be  packed  so  as  to  lie  on  their  sides ;  and,  when  the  boxes  are  loaded  in  or  upon 
a  wagon,  tender,  lighter  or  vessel,  they  shall  be  so  arranged  that  the  sticks  or  cartridges 
rest  on  their  sides;  (O.  R.,  §136.) 

4.  Marking.  All  packages  containing  explosives  for  transportation,  storage,  sale 
or  use  shall  bear  the  name  and  brand  of  the  explosives  and  the  name  of  the  manufac¬ 
turer,  and  shall  have  plainly  maked  on  the  top  and  on  one  end  or  side  thereof  the 
words,  “HIGH  EXPLOSIVES— DANGEROUS  ”;  and  shall  also  have  plainly  marked 
on  the  top  thereof  the  words,  “THIS  SIDE  UP.”  (O.  R.,  §137.) 

§63.  Magazines. 

1.  Permit.  No  person  shall  store  or  keep  explosives,  except  in  a  magazine  for 
which  a  permit  shall  have  been  issued.  (O.  R.,  §161.) 

2.  Special  Permit.  A  special  permit  shall  be  required  for  the  storage  of  ex¬ 
plosives  in  a  magazine  of  either  the  first  or  second  class,  as  classified  in  subdivision 
4  of  this  section,  and  the  fire  commissioner  may  at  any  time  require  the  holder  of  such 
special  permit  to  change  the  location  of  such  magazine,  or  establish  a  new  one  in 
another  location.  (O.  R.,  §162.) 

3.  Posting  permit.  The  permit  issued  for  any  magazine  shall  at  all  times  be  kept 
in  the  magazine  and  readily  accessible  for  inspection.  (O.  R.,  §177;  amended  by 
ord.  effective  May  25,  1915.) 

4.  Classification.  There  shall  be  5  classes  of  magazines,  namely: 

(a)  1st  class,  to  contain  not  more  than  1,000  pounds  of  explosives  each; 

(b)  2d  class,  to  contain  not  more  than  500  pounds  of  explosives  each; 

(c)  3d  class,  to  contain  not  more  than  250  pounds  of  explosives  each; 

(d)  4th  class,  to  contain  not  more  than  100  pounds  of  explosives  each; 

(e)  5th  class,  to  contain  not  more  than  25  pounds  of  explosives  each.  (O.  R., 

§164.) 

5.  Construction.  All  magazines  and  the  barricades  surrounding  them  when  re¬ 
quired,  shall  be  constructed  in  accordance  with  plans  and  specifications  prescribed 
therefor  by  the  fire  commissioner.  (O.  R.,  §165;  amended  by  ord.  effective  May  25, 
1915.) 

6.  Danger  area.  A  danger  area  shall  be  maintained  around  each  magazine  in 
proportion  to  the  quantity  of  explosives  contained  therein.  The  magazine  keeper  shall 
maintain  such  area  clean  and  free  from  rubbish,  dead  grass,  shrubbery  and  other 
obstructions,  and  prevent  persons  from  loitering  therein.  (O.  R.,  §170;  amended  by 
ord.  effective  May  25,  1915.) 

7.  (Repealed  by  ord.  effective  may  25,  1915.) 

8.  Magazine  keepers.  No  persons  holding  a  magazine  permit  shall  store  or  keep 
explosives  therein  unless  a  person  holding  a  certificate  of  fitness  as  a  magazine  keeper 
be  continuously  in  charge  thereof ;  provided,  that  a  person  holding  a  certificate  of 
fitness  as  a  blaster  may  also  act  as  a  magazine  keeper  for  a  magazine  of  the  5th 
class,  under  a  special  permit  of  the  fire  commissioner.  He  shall  keep  an  accurate 
daily  record  of  all  explosives  received  at  or  delivered  from  the  magazine  under  his 
charge,  which  shall  show  in  detail  how  the  explosives  have  been  used  or  otherwise 

246 


EXPLOSIVES  AND  HAZARDOUS  TRADES. 


disposed  of,  and  shall  at  all  times  be  open  to  inspection  by  any  inspector  or  member 
of  the  fire  department.  He  shall  first  deliver  from  the  magazine  such  explosives  as 
have  been  longest  therein.  All  magazines  shall  be  kept  locked,  except  when  being 
inspected  or  when  explosives  are  being  placed  therein  or  removed  therefrom ;  and  the 
magazine  keeper  shall  at  all  times  have  the  key  thereof  in  his  possession.  He  must 
care  for  and  protect  the  magazine  and  its  contents  from  interference  by  unauthorized 
persons,  and  he  must  be  constantly  on  the  lookout  for  signs  which  would  indicate 
leakage  of  nitro-glycerine  from  explosives  under  his  charge,  and  all  explosives  in 
such  condition  must  be  the  next  used.  A  magazine  keeper  shall  not  be  required  to 
perform  any  service  that  will  in  any  way  interfere  with  his  duties  as  set  forth  in  this 
article.  (O.  R.,  §§167,  169,  172;  amended  by  ord.  effective  May  25,  1915.) 

9.  Management.  A  magazine  shall  at  all  times  be  kept  clean  and  dry  and  free 
from  grit;  and  before  any  repairs  or  alterations  are  made  to  any  part  thereof  all 
explosives  shall  be  carefully  removed  to  a  place  of  safety  and  the  magazine  thoroughly 
washed  out.  In  case  a  magazine  floor  becomes  stained  with  nitro-glycerine,  it  shall 
be  well  scrubbed  with  a  stiff  broom,  hard  brush  or  mop,  using  a  solution  of  ^  gallon 
of  wood  alcohol  and  2  pounds  of  sulphide  of  sodium  so  as  to  thoroughly  decompose 
the  nitro-glycerine.  All  tools  used  in  making  such  repairs  or  alterations  shall  be  of 
wood  or  of  copper,  brass  or  other  soft  metal  or  material.  In  no  case  shall  nails  or  screws 
be  driven  into  a  magazine  in  making  repairs  or  alterations,  nor  into  any  material  that 
has  once  formed  a  part  thereof ;  and  all  wooden  structural  parts  of  a  magazine,  if 
discharged,  shall  be  immediately  burned  at  a  safe  distance  therefrom.  No  person 
shall  store,  place  or  keep  any  clothing,  cotton  waste  or  other  article  or  thing  in  a 
magazine  containing  explosives,  except  a  wooden  mallet  and  a  wooden  wedge  for  the 
purpose  of  opening  boxes  of  explosives,  which  shall  be  opened  only  with  such 
implements.  Magazine  keepers  and  all  other  persons  handling,  storing  or  transporting 
explosives  are  prohibited  from  carrying  matches  or  permitting  matches  to  be  brought 
to  or  near  the  place  where  explosives  are  handled,  stored  or  transported.  (O.  R.,  §166; 
amended  by  ord.  effective  May  25,  1915.) 

10.  Marking  explosives.  Each  contractor  holding  a  permit  for  blasting,  before 
placing  explosives  in  a  magazine,  shall  require  each  stick  or  container  of  such  explosives 
to  be  plainly  labelled  or  marked  with  a  magazine  number  of  identification,  to  be 
furnished  by  the  fire  commissioner.  No  person,  not  holding  a  certificate  of  fitness 
as  a  blaster  or  a  magazine  keeper,  shall  use  or  have  in  his  possession  any  explosives 
not  marked  with  the  identification  number  as  above  provided.  All  unmarked  explosives 
found  in  the  possession  of  a  contractor  or  any  other  'person,  except  the  manufacturer 
thereof  or  his  agent,  may  be  confiscated,  seized,  condemned  and  destroyed  by  the  fire 
commissioner.  (O.  R.,  §173.) 

*11. 

12.  Storage  restrictions.  No  person  shall 

(a)  Place,  keep  or  store  in  a  magazine  explosives  in  excess  of  the  amount  stated 
in  the  permit  therefor,  except  by  special  permission  of  the  fire  commissioner. 

(b)  Place,  keep  or  store  black  powder,  blasting  powder  or  smokeless  powder  in 
a  magazine  containing  any  other  explosive,  or  in  a  magazine  containing  blasting  caps, 
detonators  or  electric  fuses ; 

(c)  Place,  keep  or  store  in,  or  bring  within  100  feet  of  a  magazine  of  the  1st, 
2d,  3d  or  4th  class  containing  explosives,  black  powder,  blasting  powder  or  smokeless 
powder,  any  blasting  cap,  capped  cartridge,  detonator,  or  any  other  article  or  thing 
that  is  likely  to  cause  an  explosion  by  friction,  shock,  heat  or  otherwise,  or  place  or 
store  dynamite  or  any  other  high  explosive  in  any  magazine  which  has  previously 
contained  black  or  blasting  powder,  without  first  obtaining  the  express  permission  of 
the  fire  commissioner. 


247 


CHAP.  10,  ART.  4,  SECS.  64,  65. 


(d)  Cap  a  cartridge  within  a  radius  of  100  feet  of  a  magazine  (except  magazines 
of  the  fifth  class),  nor  cap  more  cartridges  than  necessary  for  immediate  use.  (O.  R., 
§§173-175,  178;  amended  by  ord.  effective  May  25,  1915.) 

§64.  Delivery  by  vehicle. 

1.  Permit.  No  person  shall  carry  or  transport  explosives  through  the  streets 
except  in  a  vehicle  propelled  by  animal  or  electrical  power,  constructed  and  equipped 
in  conformity  with  specifications  approved  by  the  fire  commissioner,  for  which  a  permit 
shall  have  been  issued.  (O.  R.,  §141 ;  amended  by  ord.  effective  May  25,  1915.) 

2.  (Repealed  by  ord.  effective  May  25,  1915.) 

3.  Drivers.  Each  such  vehicle  shall  be  continuously  in  charge  of  two  competent 
persons,  each  holding  a  certificate  of  fitness  as  a  handler  of  explosives,  and  no  other 
person  shall  be  allowed  in  or  upon  such  vehicle.  .  No  person  in  charge  of  a  vehicle 
containing  explosives  shall  smoke  in  or  upon  such  vehicle ;  nor  drive,  load  or  unload 
the  vehicle  while  intoxicated  or  in  a  careless  or  reckless  manner.  (O.  R.,  §§146,  147; 
amended  by  ord.  effective  May  25.  1915.) 

4.  Exploders.  No  person  shall  place  or  carry  in  or  upon  a  vehicle,  containing 
explosives,  any  exploders,  detonators,  blasting  caps,  or  other  explosive  material,  nor 
carry  in  or  upon  such  vehicle  any  matches,  metal  tool  or  piece  of  metal  or  any 
mechanical  device  for  producing  a  spark  or  flame.  (O.  R.,  §§148,  150.) 

5.  Flag.  Each  such  vehicle  shall  display  upon  an  erect  pole  on  the  front  end 
thereof,  and  at  such  height  that  it  may  be  visible  from  all  directions,  a  red  flag  with 
the  word  DANGER  painted,  stamped  or  sewn  thereon  in  white  letters.  Each  flag 
shall  be  at  least  18  inches  by  30  inches  in  size,  and  the  letters  thereon  shall  be  at  least 
12  inches  in  height.  (O.  R.,  §144.) 

6.  Interference  with.  No  person  shall  interfere  with  or  molest  a  vehicle  con¬ 
taining  explosives,  or  the  horses,  or  the  person  in  charge  thereof.  (O.  R.,  §149.) 

7.  Load  limit.  No  person  shall  carry  or  transport  in  or  upon  such  a  vehicle  any 
explosives  in  excess  of  1,000  pounds.  (O.  R.,  §152.) 

8.  Original  packages.  No  person  in  charge  of  a  vehicle  carrying  explosives  shall 
deliver  them  except  in  original  and  unbroken  packages,  nor  at  any  place  other  than  a 
duly  authorized  magazine  and  to  the  person  in  charge  thereof.  (O.  R.,  §153.) 

9.  Painted  vermillion.  Each  such  vehicle  shall  be  painted  vermillion,  and  shall 
have  painted  on  its  sides  and  back,  in  easily  legible  white  letters,  at  least  12  inches 
high,  the  word  EXPLOSIVES,  and  in  smaller  letters  and  figures  the  name  of  the 
owner  and  the  number  of  the  permit.  (O.  R.,  §143.) 

10.  Route.  No  vehicle  containing  explosives  shall  be  driven,  for  more  than  1  city 
block,  along  any  street  in  the  city  over  which  there  is  an  elevated  railroad  or  under 
which  there  is  a  tunnel  or  subway  for  the  transportation  of  passengers  or  freight,  nor 
through  a  crowded  street.  Each  vehicle  shall  be  propelled  by  animal  or  electric  power, 
amply  sufficient  to  haul  the  load,  and  no  unnecessary  stops  shall  be  made  in  transit. 
All  vehicles  containing  explosives,  proceeding  in  the  same  direction,  shall  maintain 
a  distance  between  them  of  1  city  block.  No  explosives  shall  be  transported  over  or 
upon  any  bridge  connecting  the  borough  of  Brooklyn  or  the  borough  of  Queens  with 
the  borough  of  Manhattan.  O.  R.,  §§145.  151,  amended  by  ords.  effective  May 
25,  1915.) 

§65.  Vessels  carrying  explosives. 

1.  Generally.  The  commander,  owner  or  owners  of  any  vessel  arriving  in  the 
port  of  New  York,  carrying  explosives  or  explosive  material  in  excess  of  the  amount 
required  for  the  ships’  own  use  for  signalling  and  life  saving  purposes,  shall,  before 
approaching  nearer  than  1,000  feet  to  any  pier  line  of  the  city,  obtain  a  permit  therefor 
from  the  fire  commissioner.  The  retention  for  more  than  48  hours  on  board  of  any 


248 


EXPLOSIVES  AND  HAZARDOUS  TRADES . 


ship  lying  at  a  dock,  pier  or  bulkhead  within  the  city  of  any  explosives,  or  explosive 
material,  in  excess  of  the  amount  required  for  the  ship’s  own  use  for  signalling  or 
life  saving  purposes,  is  prohibited.  (C.  O.,  §428,  amended  by  ord.  effective  May 
25,  1915.) 

2.  Powder-boats.  No  person  shall  transport  explosives  upon  the  water  within  the 
city  for  delivery  at  a  dock,  pier  or  bulkhead,  or  to  a  vessel  lying  thereto,  except  in  a 
lighter,  tender  or  other  vessel,  for 'which  a  permit  shall  have  been  issued.  Each  such 
vessel  shall,  while  carrying  explosives,  have  continuously  on  board  thereof  2  com¬ 
petent  persons,  each  holding  a  certificate  of  fitness  as  a  handler  of  explosives,  1  of 
whom  shall  be  the  commander  of  the  vessel;  and  no  person  other  than  the  holder  of 
a  permit  issued  under  §61  of  this  chapter  and  the  necessary  crew  shall  be  allowed 
in  or  upon  such  vessel.  Whenever  practicable*  all  explosives  shad  be  stowed  on  deck 
and  properly  covered  with  a  tarpaulin.  (O.  R.,  §154,  157,  158.) 

3.  Blasting  caps.  No  person  having  charge  of  a  vessel  carrying  explosives  within 
the  city  shall  also  carry  in  or  upon  such  vessel,  at  the  same  time,  any  electric  fuse, 
blasting  caps,  detonators,  or  other  exploders.  (O.  R.,  §157.) 

4.  Landing.  No  person  shall  land  or  place  explosives  upon  a  dock,  pier,  bulk¬ 
head,  or  other  landing  place.  Explosives  intended  for  use  within  the.  city  shall  be 
transferred  from  the  vessel  making  the  delivery-  directly  to  a  vehicle  for  transporting 
explosives,  at  the  docks  or  piers  designated  by  the  fire  commissioner,  for  which  a 
permit  has  been  issued  under  §61  of  this  chapter.  Explosives  intended  for  shipment 
to  points  outside  the  city  may  be  transferred  from  a  vessel  directly  to  another  vessel 
lying  at  a  city  dock  or  pier  designated  by  the  fire  commissioner,  provided  the  amount 
so  transferred  does  not  exceed  2,500  pounds.  All  such  shipments,  in  excess  of  2,500 
pounds  and  not  exceeding  5,000  pounds,  must  be  transferred  from  vessel  to  vessel  at 
a  distance  of  not  less  than  1,000  feet  from  any  pier-line.  (O.  R.,  §155,  156;  amended 
by  ord.  effective  May  25,  1915.) 

5.  Precautions.  No  person  shall  smoke  while  in  or  upon  any  vessel  carrying 
explosives ;  nor  carry  therein  or  thereon  any  matches,  other  than  safety  matches,  nor 
allow  in  or  upon  such  vessel,  any  intoxicated  person.  (O.  R.,  §159.) 

§66.  Report  of  deliveries. 

No  holder  of  a  permit  under  §61  or  §64  of  this  chapter  shall  deliver  explosives 
to  any  person,  firm  or  corporation  not  holding  a  permit  from  the  fire  commissioner. 
Each  holder  of  such  a  permit  shall  file  with  the  commissioner,  before  10  a.  m.  of 
each  business  day,  a  written  statement,  under  oath,  of  all  deliveries  of  explosives 
made  by  him  on  the  preceding  day,  which  shall  contain  the  following  information : 

(a)  Name  and  address  of  person  to  whom  delivered; 

(b)  Date  of  delivery; 

(c)  Location  of  magazine  where  delivered; 

(d)  Name  of  person  having  charge  of  the  magazine  at  which  delivery  was  made; 

(e)  Number  of  pounds,  name  or  brand,  and  character  of  explosives  delivered  at 
each  magazine.  (O.  R.,  §160,  amended  by  ord.  effective  May  25,  1915.) 

§67.  Blasting  caps. 

1.  Permits  to  transport,  store  and  sell.  No  person  shall  transport,  store  and  sell 
any  electric  fuses,  safety  fuses  or  blasting  caps  without  a  permit.  (O.  R.,  §191.) 

2.  Storage.  No  person  shall  bring  into,  transport,  store,  sell  or  deliver  within 
the  city  any  blasting  caps,  except  when  packed  in  tin  boxes  containing  not  more  than 
100  caps  each.  No  holder  of  a  permit  for  the  storage  and  use  of  explosives  issued  in 
conformity  with  this  chapter  shall  be  allowed  to  store  or  keep  more  than  1,000  blasting 
caps  without  a  permit  therefor;  and  blasting  caps,  in  whatever  quantity,  shall  be 


249 


CHAP.  10,  ART.  4,  SEC.  68. 


kept  in  a  separate  magazine  at  least  100  feet  distant  from  any  magazine  containing 
explosives.  (O.  R.,  §§198,  199,  amended  by  ord.  effective  May  25,  1915.) 

3.  Delivery  wagons.  No  person  shall  transport  or  carry  through  the  streets 
any  electric  blasting  caps  in  excess  of  5,000,  nor  shall  the  same  be  carried  in  any 
other  than  a  duly  authorized  vehicle,  which  shall  comply  with  all  the  requirements 
governing  vehicles  for  the  transportation  of  explosives.  No  person  shall  place  or 
carry  or  cause  to  be  placed  or  carried,  in  or  upon  any  vehicle  containing  electric  fuses 
or  blasting  caps,  any  other  explosive.  (O.  R.,  §§194,  195;  amended  by  ord.  effective 
May  25,  1915.) 

4.  Magazines.  All  magazines  for  which  permits  are  issued  for  the  storage  of 
blasting  caps  shall  be  deemed  to  be  magazines  of  the  first  class,  and  shall  comply 
with  all  requirements  governing  magazines  of  that  class.  Such  magazines  shall  not 
be  permitted  to  contain  more  than  20,000  blasting  caps,  and  each  such  magazine  shall 
be  continuously  under  the  care  of  a  person  holding  a  certificate  of  fitness  as  a  maga¬ 
zine  keeper.  (O.  R.,  §193;  amended  by  ord.  effective  May  25,  1915.) 

5.  Packing.  No  person  shall  bring  into,  store,  sell  or  transport  within  the  city 
electric  blasting  caps  except  in  cartons  containing  not  more  than  50  each;  and,  when 
packed  in  shipping  cases,  such  cases  shall  contain  not  more  than  500  caps.  No  person 
shall  sell  and  deliver  for  use  any  electric  fuses  except  in  original  and  unbroken 
cartons  containing  not  more  than  50  fuses  each.  O.  R.,  §§196,  197;  amended  by  ord. 
effective  May  25,  1915.) 

6.  Warning.  Each  shipping  case  or  package  containing  electric  fuses  or  blasting 
caps  shall  bear  on  one  side  thereof  the  name  and  address  of  the  manufacturer,  and 
shall  have  plainly  marked  on  2  sides  thereof  the  words  BLASTING  CAPS — HANDLE 
CAREFULLY.  DO  NOT  STORE  OR  LOAD  WITH  ANY  EXPLOSIVE.  (O.  R., 
§200.) 

§68.  Black  powder,  blasting  powder  or  smokeless  powder. 

1.  Permit.  No  person  shall  transport,  store  or  sell  any  black  powder,  blasting 
powder  or  smokeless  powder  without  a  permit.  (O.  R.,  §202;  amended  by  ord. 
effective  May  25,  1915.) 

2.  Magazines.  A  magazine  permit  for  the  storage  of  any  such  powder,  in  quan¬ 
tities  aggregating  not  more  than  250  pounds,  may  be  issued,  but  no  such  permit  shall 
be  issued  unless  the  fire  commissioner  shall  have  approved  its  location  and  construction. 
All  such  magazines  shall  be  maintained  in  conformity  with  the  requirements  of  this 
chapter  concerning  magazines  for  the  storage  of  explosives.  (O.  R.,  §§203,  204.) 

3.  Outside  exposure.  No  person  shall  expose  any  such  powder  on  the  outside 
of  any  building  or  in  any  window  or  door  thereof.  (O.  R..  §207.) 

4.  Packing.  All  such  powder  stored  in  magazines  or  when  transported  within  the 
city  shall  be  packed  in  strong  wooden,  fiber  or  metallic  cans  or  canisters,  containing 
not  more  than  25  pounds  each.  (O.  R.,  §208.) 

5.  Small  supplies.  A  permit  may  be  issued  for  the  storage  of  any  such  powder 
in  quantities  aggregating  not  more  than  14  pounds,  provided  it  be  stored  in  a 
receptacle  so  placed  that  it  can  be  flooded  from  the  exterior  of  the  building,  or  in  a 
metal  receptacle,  properly  locked  and  on  wheels,  plainly  marked  “Gunpowder,”  and 
located  not  more  than  10  feet  from  and  directly  opposite  the  entrance  nearest  the 
street  level.  (O.  R.,  §205.) 

6.  Restrictions.  No  permit  shall  be  issued  for  the  storage  and  sale  of  black 
powder,  blasting  powder  or  smokeless  powder  in  any  building. 

(a)  Which  is  occupied  as  a  tenement  house,  dwelling,  school  or  theatre  or  other 
place  of  public  amusement  or  assembly; 

(b)  Which  is  of  wooden  construction  (except  authorized  magazines)  ; 

250 


EXPLOSIVES  AND  HAZARDOUS  TRADES. 


(c)  Where  the  premises  covered  by  the  permit  are  lighted  by  any  means  other 
than  electricity; 

(d)  Where  cigars,  cigarettes  or  tobaccos  are  kept  for  sale; 

(e)  Where  paints,  varnishes  or  lacquers  are  manufactured,  stored  or  kept  for 
sale; 

(f)  Where  matches,  rosin,  turpentine,  petroleum  or  any  liquid  product  thereof, 
hemp,  cotton,  fireworks,  or  other  articles  of  a  highly  inflammable  or  combustible 
nature  are  manufactured,  stored  or  kept  for  sale.  (O.  R.,  §206.) 

§69.  Use;  blasting. 

1.  Quantity  of  explosive.  No  person  shall  use  in  a  blasting  operation  a  quan¬ 
tity  of  explosives  greater  than  necessary  properly  to  start  the  rock;  but  the  inspector 
of  blasting  shall  have  authority  to  prescribe  the  maximum  quantity  of  explosives  to  be 
used.  (O.  R.,  §179.) 

2.  Covering  blasts.  Immediately  after  loading  and  tamping  the  hole,  and  before 
firing  the  blast,  the  rock  to  be  blasted  shall  be  covered  on  all  exposed  sides  with  a 
strong  woven  matting  of  rope  or  wire  at  least  1^4  inches  in  diameter,  and  at  least 
12  timbers,  each  10  feet  long  and  10  inches  in  smallest  diameter,  held  securely  together 
by  chains  or  by  iron  or  steel  cables  at  least  Y  of  an  inch  in  diameter.  After  the  rock 
has  been  thus  covered,  the  blast  shall  be  fired  without  unnecessary  delay.  The  inspector 
of  blasting  shall  have  authority  to  prescribe  the  amount  and  manner  of  application 
of  the  protective  covering,  to  be  placed  over  blasts  situated  on  the  perpendicular  or 
diagonal  side  of  a  rock  and  over  blasts  for  ditch-work,  block-holes,  manholes,  pole- 
holes,  electric  wire  subways,  sewer  and  gas  connections,  gas  and  water-mains.  The 
provisions  of  this  subdivision  shall  not  apply  to  blasting  operations  in  a  tunnel  or 
subway,  when  the  blast  is  situated  more  than  100  feet  from  the  mouth  or  opening  to 
the  tunnel  and  at  least  10  feet  below,  the  outer  surface  of  the  rock.  (O.  R.,  §§179, 
184,  185 ;  amended  by  ord.  effective  May  25,  1915.) 

3.  Firing.  No  person  shall  explode  a  blasting  charge  by  means  of  time,  slow- 
burning  or  safety  fuse,  nor  by  any  means  other  than  some  form  of  electrical  appara¬ 
tus.  At  least  3  minutes  before  firing  a  blast,  the  blaster  shall  give  warning  thereof 
by  causing  a  competent  man,  carrying  a  red  flag,  to  be  stationed  at  reasonable  distance 
from  the  blast  at  each  avenue  of  approach  or  point  of  danger.  In  tunnel  or  subway 
work,,  the  blaster  himself  shall  be  the  last  man  to  leave  the  job  after  the  loading  is 
completed  and  the  wires  are  connected,  and  the  blaster  only  shall  be  permitted  to  throw 
in  the  electric  switch  to  fire  the  blast.  After  the  shot,  the  blasting  wires  shall  be 
immediately  disconnected  from  the  switch,  and  the  blaster,  when  returning  to  see  the 
effect  of  the  shot,  shall  also  disconnect  the  lead  wires,  at  least  200  feet  from  the  face 
of  the  tunnel,  and  shall  restore  such  connections  only  when  all  the  men  have  left  the 
face  of  the  tunnel  after  loading.  A  firing  box  or  electric  switch  shall  be  placed  on 
the  firing  line  side  of  the  tunnel,  and  shall  always  be  kept  locked,  except  when  pulling 
the  switch.  The  connection  between  this  box  and  the  lines  leading  to  the  firing  and 
electric  light  circuits  shall  be  broken  after  each  shot,  and  it  shall  be  the  duty  of  the 
certified  blaster  to  see  that  this  is  done.  The  connection  with  lines  used  for  lighting 
shall  not  be  permanent,  but  before  each  shot  the  lead  wires  shall  be  carried  across  the 
tunnel  from  the  shooting  line  to  the  electric  light  circuit.  When  a  heading  is  to  be 
fired,  only  the  cut  holes  and  lifting  holes  are  allowed  to  be  loaded.  The  cut  holes 
must  be  fired  first.  No  heading  is  allowed  to  be  fully  loaded  and  fired  at  the  same 
time.  In  open  work,  the  blaster  may  direct  an  assistant  to  pull  the  battery  when  he  is 
assured  that  all  proper  preparations  have  been  made  and  precautions  taken  for  firing 
the  blast.  If  an  electric  circuit  is  used  for  firing,  the  lead  wires  must  be  placed  on  the 
opposite  side  of  the  excavation  from  the  wires  used  for  lighting,  and  both  lines  of  wire 
must  be  properly  insulated. 


251 


CHAP.  10 ,  ART.  4,  SEC.  69. 


All  electric  apparatus  of  whatever  nature  used  in  blasting  operations  shall  be 
kept  locked  and  under  the  direct  personal  charge  of  the  blaster. 

Where  2  or  more  blasters  are  employed  on  the  same  job,  each  blaster  shall  sign 
with  the  magazine  keeper  for  the  amount  of  explosives  removed,  and  the  time  when 
taken,  and  shall  be  responsible  both  for  all  the  explosives  used  by  him  and  for  the 
prompt  return  to  the  magazine  of  any  explosives  not  immediately  used  on  the  job. 
(O.  R.,  §§181,  182,  186;  amended  by  ord.  effective  May  25,  1915.) 

4.  Hours.  No  person  shall  conduct  blasting  operations  within  the  city  between 
the  hours  of  7  o’clock  p.  m.  and  7  o’clock  a.  m.,  nor  at  any  time  on  Sunday^  except 
under  authority  of  a  special  permit.  (O.  R.,  §189.) 

5.  Shoring.  The  blasting  of  rock  contiguous  to  any  structure  shall  be  so  con¬ 
ducted  as  not  to  cause  damage  thereto ;  and,  to  this  end,  weak  walls  or  other  supports 
shall  be  shored  up,  and  rotten  or  decomposed  rock  shall  be  removed,  only  by  the  use 
of  gads,  picks  or  crowbars.  When  blasting  in  the  vicinity  of  a  weak  structure  is 
unavoidable,  only  light  face  blasts,  with  short  lines  of  resistance  and  small  charges, 
shall  be  used.  (O.  R.,  §180.) 

6.  Tamping.  Blasting  charges  shall  be  tamped  only  by  means  of  wooden  tamping 
rods,  and  explosives  shall  be  pressed  or  set  into  place  by  steady,  even  pressure  only. 
All  strokes  or  blows  with  the  tamping  rod  are  forbidden,  and  no  tamping  rod  shall 
be  used  which  is  frayed  or  split  at  the  end.  (O.  R.,  §183;  amended  by  ord.  effective 
May  25,  1915,.) 

7.  Unexploded  charge.  Immediately  after  firing  the  blast,  the  blaster  shall  cause 
all  debris  to  be  removed,  and  shall  thoroughly  examine  the  rock  and  the  drill  holes 
to  ascertain  whether  there  remains  any  unexploded  charge,  and,  until  this  is  done,  no 
drills  shall  be  set  up.  In  case  a  charge  should  fail  to  explode,  and  the  direction  of 
its  bore  hole  can  be  positively  determined,  the  old  charge  may  be  exploded  by  drilling 
a  single  hole  at  least  12  inches  distant  from  and  parallel  with  it,  which  latter  hole 
jhall  then  be  loaded  and  fired  in  the  manner  prescribed  for  any  other  bore  hole.  In 
case  the  direction  of  the  bore  hole  cannot  be  positively  determined,  then,  by  order  of 
and  under  the  direct  supervision  of  the  superintendent  or  walking  boss  only,  the  tamp¬ 
ing  may  be  cautiously  removed  by  a  licensed  blaster,  down  to  a  point  near  the  explosive, 
by  the  use  of  a  metal  scraper  or  an  air  blowpipe,  after  which  the  partially  emptied  hole 
shall  be  loaded  with  a  small  starting  charge  and  detonated  in  the  usual  manner.  While 
this  work  is  being  done,  all  persons  except  the  licensed  blaster,  or  the  superintendent 
or  walking  boss,  shall  retire  to  a  safe  distance.  In  no  case  shall  a  charge  which  has 
failed  to  explode  be  drawn  or  otherwise  removed  from  the  blasting  hole  without  the 
express  permission  of  the  fire  commissioner.  In  case  a  blast  shall  fail  to  carry  away 
the  entire  drill  hole,  and  leaves  the  lower  part  intact,  no  further  drilling  shall  be  done 
in  that  hole.  (O.  R.,  §§187,  188;  amended  by  ord.  effective  May  25,  1915.) 

8.  Blasters’  helpers.  No  person  shall  load  holes  in  blasting  operations  except  a 
person  holding  a  certificate  of  fitness,  provided,  however,  that  while  holes  are  being 
actually  loaded,  drillers  and  drill-helpers  may  act  as  blasters’  helpers  under  the  direct 
supervision  and  responsibility  of  the  blaster.  (Added  by  ord.  effective  May  25,  1915.) 

9.  Small  blasting  jobs.  A  contractor  for  a  small  blasting  job,  who  holds  a  cer¬ 
tificate  of  fitness  as  a  blaster  and  has  filed  a  bond  in  the  penal  sum  of  $5,000,  con¬ 
ditioned  as  required  in  §58,  may,  upon  receiving  the  expressed  permission  of  the  fire 
commissioner,  obtain  a  sufficient  quantity  of  explosives  for  the  blast  (in  no  case  ex¬ 
ceeding  5  pounds)  from  a  magazine  not  more  than  1,500  feet  from  his  job,  and  may 
carry  them  to  such  job  in  a  manner  satisfactory  to  the  fire  commissioner  and  may 
load  and  shoot  the  holes  as  provided  by  these  regulations.  All  explosives  not  used  in 
the  blast  shall  be  immediately  returned  to  the  magazine  from  which  obtained.  (As 
amended  by  ord.  effective  May  25,  1915.) 


252 


EXPLOSIVES  AND  HAZARDOUS  TRADES. 


ARTICLE  5. 

Ammunition. 

Section  80.  Manufacturing;  loading. 

81.  Storage  and  sale. 

§80.  Manufacturing;  loading. 

No  person  shall  manufacture,  or  load  ammunition  by  power  machinery.  A  special 
permit  may  be  issued  to  a  person  holding  a  permit  for  the  storage  and  sale  of  ammuni¬ 
tion,  authorizing  the  loading  of  small  arms  ammunition  by  hand.  (O.  R.,  §§210,  211.) 

§81.  Storage  and  sale. 

1.  Permit.  No  person  shall  store,  sell  or  offer  for  sale  any  ammunition  in  excess 
of  200  small  arm  cartridges  without  a  permit.  (O.  R.,  §212;  amended  by  ord.  effective 
May  25,  1915.) 

2.  Blanks  for  artillery.  Holders  of  permits  issued  under  this  section  may  store 
a  limited  number  of  blank  shells  or  cartridges  to  be  used  in  cannon  for  saluting  pur¬ 
poses;  the  number  to  be  so  stored  shall  be  fixed  by  the  fire  commissioner  in  each 
case,  and  shall  be  stated  in  the  permit.  (O.  R.,  §216.) 

3.  Quantities.  The  fire  commissioner  may  fix  the  maximum  quantity  of  ammuni¬ 
tion  to  be  stored  in  any  premises  for  which  a  permit  is  applied,  and  the  quantity  so 
fixed  shall  be  stated  in  the  permit ;  but  no  permit  shall  be  issued  for  the  storage  of 
ammunition  in  quantities  greater  than  the  following : 

300,000  loaded  shells  containing  shot,  for  shotguns  not  exceeding  No.  8  gauge; 

2,500,000  cartridges  for  pistols ; 

500,000  cartridges  for  rifles  of  a  caliber  not  larger  than  .45  of  an  inch; 

10,000  cartridges  for  rifles  of  a  caliber  not  larger  than  .50  of  an  inch. 

5,000  cartridges  for  rifles  of  a  caliber  between  .50  of  an  inch  and  .58  of  an  inch ; 

5,000  blank  cartridges  of  a  caliber  not  larger  than  .45  of  an  inch ; 

3,000,000  primers  for  central  fire  ammunition; 

6.000,000  percussion  caps,  or  primers,  without  anvils.  (O.  R.,  §215.) 

4.  Restriction.  No  permit  for  the  storage  and  sale  of  ammunition  in  excess  of 
200  small  arms  cartridges  shall  be  issued  for  any  premises — 

(a)  Which  are  occupied  as  a  tenement  house,  school,  theatre  or  other  place  of 
public  amusement  or  assembly,  excepting  armories  of  the  National  Guard: 

(b)  Which  are  used  as  a  drug  store,  paint  store,  pawn  shop  or  stationery  store; 

(c)  Where  cigars,  cigarettes  or  tobaccos  are  stored  or  kept  for  sale; 

(d)  Where  liquors  are  sold; 

(e)  Where  other  materials  of  a  highly  inflammable  nature  are  manufactured, 
stored  or  kept  for  sale,  but  this  restriction  shall  not  apply  to  a  person  duly  authorized 
to  keep  and  sell  gun-powder; 

(f)  Where  fireworks  are  manufactured,  stored  or  sold.  (O.  R.,  §214;  amended 
by  ord.  effective  May  25,  1915.) 

5.  Theatrical  use.  No  permit  shall  be  issued  for  the  use  of  blank  cartridges, 
except  in  connection  with  performances  in  duly  authorized  theatres  or  places  of  public 
amusement,  or  for  saluting  purposes,  as  provided  in  subdivision  2  of  this  section. 
(O.  R,  §217.) 

6.  Window  displays.  No  holder  of  a  permit  for  the  storage  and  sale  of  ammuni¬ 
tion  shall  store  or  exhibit  in  the  windows  or  doors  of  the  premises  covered  by  the 
permit  any  cartridges  or  shells  containing  explosives.  (O.  R.,  §218.) 


253 


CHAP.  10,  ART.  6,  SEC.  90. 


Section  90. 

91. 

92. 

93. 

94. 

95. 


ARTICLE  6. 
Fireworks. 

Manufacture. 

Signal  lights. 

Storage,  sale  and  transportation. 
Prohibited  types. 

Prohibited,  except  for  export. 
Discharge  of  fireworks. 


§90.  Manufacture. 

1.  Permit.  No  person  shall  manufacture  any  fireworks  in  the  city  without  a 
permit.  (O.  R.,  §220.) 

2.  Conditions.  Such  a  permit  may  be  issued  upon  the  following  conditions: 

a.  The  manufactory  shall  not  be  situated  nearer  than  200  feet  to  any  build¬ 
ing  not  used  in  connection  with  such  manufacture,  or  to  any  street,  and  not  nearer 
than  50  feet  to  any  building  used  for  the  storage  of  explosives  or  fireworks,  nor  nearer 
than  25  feet  to  any  other  building  within  the  factory  enclosure; 

b.  Premises  where  fireworks  are  manufactured  shall  be  enclosed  on  all  sides  by 
a  substantial  fence,  and  all  openings  to  such  enclosure  shall  be  fitted  with  suitable  gates, 
which,  when  not  locked,  shall  be  in  charge  of  a  competent  watchman,  who  shall  have 
charge  of  the  manufactory  when  it  is  not  in  active  operation; 

c.  Premises  where  fireworks  are  manufactured  shall  have  at  least  3  fire  hydrants 
placed  in  different  parts  of  the  enclosure,  connected  to  an  adequate  supply  of  water 
under  pressure,  the  hose  to  be  sufficient  to  reach  all  parts  of  the  buildings  within  the 
enclosure,  and  there  shall  at  all  times  be  kept,  within  a  distance  of  5  feet  of  each 
building  inside  such  enclosure,  at  least  6  10-quart  buckets,  full  of  water,  and  at  least 
6  10-quart  buckets  full  of  sand;  (Amended  by  ord.  approved  Aug.  8,  1916.) 

d.  The  manufactory  shall  at  all  times  be  supplied  with  adequate  means  of 
communication  with  the  fire  department,  such  as  a  telephone  or  fire  alarm  boxes,  and 
shall  be  lighted  only  by  incandescent  electric  lights ; 

e.  A  building  used  for  the  storage  of  explosives  or  for  the  storage  of  finished 
fireworks  shall  not  be  situated  nearer  than  300  feet  to  any  building  not  used  in 
connection  with  the  manufacture  of  fireworks,  or  to  any  street.  (O.  R.,  §223.) 

3.  Packing.  Torpedoes  must  be  packed  with  sawdust  in  paper  cartons,  and  these 
packed  in  wooden  shipping  cases ;  but  no  shipping  case  shall  contain  more  than 
1,000  torpedoes.  Fireworks  having  fuses  attached  or  inserted  shall  be  packed  in 
such  manner  that  the  fuses  shall  all  point  in  the  same  direction,  and  the  label  shall  be 
attached  to  the  end  of  the  package  opposite  the  fuse.  (O.  R.,  §§228,  229.) 

4.  Restrictions.  No  person  shall  manufacture  within  the  city  of  New  York 
any  of  the  following  articles ; 

(a)  Fireworks  containing  chlorates  (except  chlorate  of  potash  and  chlorate  of 
barium),  picrates,  fulminates  or  any  high  explosive; 

(b)  Fireworks  containing  chlorate  and  sulphur  in  admixture; 

(c)  Railroad  track  torpedoes; 

(d)  Flashlight  compositions; 

(e)  Picrates  or  fulminates; 

(f)  Fireworks  whistles; 

(g)  Explosive  marbles; 

(h)  Blank  cartridges; 

(i)  Fireworks  with  match-head  or  self-lighting  ends,  except  ship  signals; 

(j)  Fireworks  containing  red  or  white  phosphorus; 

(k)  Compounds  used  for  detonating  purposes,  primers,  or  electrical  fuses,  or 
any  composition  used  to  obtain  audible  or  visible  effects  by  combustion,  explosion  or 

254 


EXPLOSIVES  AND  HAZARDOUS  TRADES. 


detonation  in  cannon,  machine  or  rapid-fire  guns;  shells,  torpedoes  or  war  rockets. 
(O.  R.,  §226.) 

5.  Supervision.  All  premises  where  fireworks  are  manufactured  shall,  while  in 
operation,  be  continuously  under  the  charge  and  supervision  of  one  or  more  persons, 
each  holding  a  certificate  of  fitness  as  a  superintendent  or  manager  of  a  fireworks 
factory.  (O.  R.,  §227.) 

§91.  Signal  lights. 

The  manufacture  of  railroad  and  ship  signal  lights,  signal  compositions,  and 
rockets  shall  be  governed  by  the  same  regulations  as  govern  the  manufacture  of 
fireworks.  (O.  R.,  §225.) 

§92.  Storage,  sale  and  transportation. 

1.  Certificates  of  registration.  No  person  shall  transport,  store  or  sell  fireworks 
unless  a  certificate  of  registration  of  the  name  of  the  manufacturer  thereof  shall 
have  been  issued;  provided,  however,  that  certificates  of  registration  shall  not  be 
required  for  fireworks  manufactured  under  a  permit  issued  in  conformity  with  §90  of 
this  article.  (O.  R.,  §230.) 

2.  Permit.  No  person  shall  store  or  sell  fireworks  without  a  permit.  (O.  R., 

§220.) 

3.  Restrictions.  No  permit  under  this  section  shall  be  issued  for  any  premises 

(a)  Which  are  occupied  as  a  tenement  house,  school,  workshop,  factory,  theatre 
or  other  place  of  public  amusement  or  assembly; 

(b)  Which  are  not  equipped  with  an  approved  system  of  automatic  sprinklers; 

(c)  Which  are  of  wooden  construction; 

(d)  Which  are  artificially  lighted  by  any  means  other  than  electricity; 

(e)  Where  cigars,  cigarettes  or  tobaccos  are  kept  for  sale ; 

(f)  Where  paints,  oils,  varnishes,  lacquers  or  inflammable  liquids  are  manu¬ 
factured,  stored  or  kept  for  sale; 

(g)  Where  drygoods  or  other  materials  of  a  highly  inflammable  nature  are  manu¬ 
factured,  stored  or  sold; 

(h)  Where  matches,  rosin,  turpentine,  petroleum  or  any  liquid  product  thereof, 
hemp,  or  explosives  are  manufactured,  stored  or  kept  for  sale.  (O.  R.,  §232.) 

4.  Extinguishers.  All  holders  of  permits  under  this  section  shall  keep  on  the 
premises  covered  by  the  permit,  in  a  convenient  location,  at  least  6  10-quart  buckets 
of  water  and  6  10-quart  buckets  of  sand,  fit  and  ready  for  use  in  case  of  fire.  (O.  R., 
§233 ;  amended  by  ord.  approved  Aug.  8,  1916.) 

5.  Fire  crackers.  A  permit  may  be  issued  to  a  person  doing  a  general  storage 
or  warehouse  business  for  the  storage,  in  a  duly  authorized  warehouse,  of  firecrackers 
composed  only  of  sulphur,  saltpeter  and  charcoal  mixtures,  and  the  quantity  of  fire¬ 
crackers  to  be  so  stored  shall  in  each  case  be  stated  in  the  permit.  (O.  R.,  §244.) 

6.  Local  transportation.  No  person  shall  carry  or  transport  through  the  streets 
fireworks  exceeding  in  wholesale  market  value  the  sum  of  $10,  unless  they  are 
securely  packed  in  spark-proof  wooden  or  metal  packages  having  plainly  marked  on 
the  outside  thereof  in  large  legible  letters  the  words  FIREWORKS — EXPLOSIVE, 
but  under  no  circumstance  shall  any  person  carry  or  transport  fireworks  in  a  tunnel 
or  subway  under  the  streets,  lands  or  waters  of  the  city,  to  which  the  public  has 
access.  (O.  R,  §§242,  243.) 

7.  Manufacturer's  mark.  All  fireworks  stored  or  sold,  except  imported  Chinese 
firecrackers,  shall  bear  the  name  of  the  manufacturer  plainly  marked  upon  the  outside 
of  each  package  and  shipping  case.  (O.  R.,  §240.) 

8.  Quantities  limited.  No  permit  shall  be  issued  for  the  storage  and  sale  of  fire¬ 
works  in  any  building  to  an  amount  in  excess  of  $1,500,  wholesale  market  value. 
(O.  R,  §237.) 


255 


CHAP.  10,  ART-.  6,  SECS.  93-95. 


9.  Street  sales.  No  person  shall  sell  or  exhibit  for  sale  any  fireworks  on  side¬ 
walks,  streets,  parks,  squares,  bulkheads,  piers  or  other  public  places.  (O.  R.,  §^35.  j 

10.  Window  displays.  No  person  shall  keep,  store  or  exhibit  fireworks  in  the 
windows  or  doors  of  the  premises  covered  by  a  permit  for  the  storage  and  sale  thereof. 
(O.  R.,  §236.) 

§93.  Prohibited  types. 

1.  Storage,  transportation  or  sale.  No  person  shall  store,  transport  or  sell  within 
the  city  of  New  York  any  of  the  following  articles: 

(a)  Fireworks  containing  chlorates  (except  chlorate  of  potash  and  chlorate  of 
barium),  picrates,  fulminates  or  any  high  explosive; 

(b)  Fireworks  containing  sulphur  and  chlorate  in  admixture; 

(c)  Bombardments  or  mandarins  made  of  chlorate  mixtures; 

(d)  Canes  with  chlorate  mixtures; 

(e)  Cartridge  exploders; 

(f)  Fireworks  known  as  cannon  salutes; 

(g)  Fireworks  with  match-head  or  self-lighting  ends,  except  ship  signals; 

(h)  Fireworks  containing  red  or  white  phosphorus; 

(i)  Explosive  marbles; 

(j)  Compositions  used  for  detonating  purposes.  (O.  R.,  §238.) 

2.  Discharge  or  use.  No  person  shall  use  or  discharge  any  of  the  following 
articles : 

(a)  Rockets  or  aerial  salutes  of  any  kind; 

(b)  Fireworks  containing  chlorates  (except  chlorate  of  potash  and  chlorate  of 
barium),  picrates,  fulminates  or  any  high  explosive; 

(c)  Firecrackers  longer  than  5  inches  or  larger  than  34  of  an  inch  in  diameter; 

(d)  Fireworks  containing  sulphur  and  chlorate  in  admixture; 

(e)  Bombardments  or  mandarins  made  of  chlorate  mixtures; 

(f)  Bombs  and  shells; 

(g)  All  fireworks  known  as  cannon  salutes ; 

(h)  Fireworks  technically  known  as  flying  pigeons,  flying  devils,  whirlwinds, 
wheat  sheaves  and  gattling  batteries ; 

(i)  Fireworks  containing  red  or  white  phosphorus: 

(j)  Fireworks  with  match  heads  or  self-lighting  ends; 

(k)  Balloons  carrying  a  lighted  substance; 

(l)  Cartridges  of  any  kind,  except  as  provided  in  article  5; 

(m)  Explosive  marbles; 

(n)  Composition  used  for  detonating  purposes,  except  as  provided  for  in  article 
4.  (O.  R.,  §249.) 

§94.  Prohibited,  except  for  export. 

No  person  shall  store,  sell  or  transport,  except  for  delivery  beyond  the  city  limits, 
any  of  the  following  articles : 

(a)  Rockets  or  aerial  salutes; 

(b)  Firecrackers  longer  than  5  inches  or  larger  than  34  of  an  inch  in  diameter; 

(c)  Bombs  and  shells; 

(d)  Fireworks  technically  known  as  flying  pigeons,  flying  devils,  whirlwinds, 
wheat  sheaves,  gattling  batteries,  and  similar  articles; 

(e)  Fireworks  containing  red  or  white  phosphorus; 

(f)  Balloons  which  are  to  be  operated  by  a  lighted  substance.  (O.  R.,  §239.) 

§95.  Discharge  of  fireworks. 

1.  Permit.  No  person  shall  use  or  discharge  any  fireworks  within  the  city  with¬ 
out  a  permit.  (O.  R.,  §247.) 


256 


EXPLOSIVES  AND  HAZARDOUS  TRADES. 


2.  July  Ath  exemption.  No  permit  shall  be  required  for  the  use  and  discharge  of 
fireworks  during  a  period  of  24  hours  covering  the  holiday  known  as  the  “Fourth 
of  July,”  where  the  quantity  discharged  does  not  exceed  in  wholesale  market  value 
the  sum  of  $2.  (O.  R.,  §251.) 

3.  Police  notification.  All  permits  for  the  use  and  discharge  of  fireworks  shall 
be  issued  in  duplicate,  and  shall  show  the  name  oif  the  holder  of  the  permit,  the  names 
of  his  employees  (if  any)  who  are  to  discharge  the  fireworks  and  the  numbers  cf  their 
certificate  of  fitness  (when  required)  ;  the  place  and  time  of  display;  the  quantity, 
kind  and  wholesale  market  value  of  the  fireworks  to  be  discharged,  and  the  distance 
to  be  preserved  between  the  place  of  discharge  and  the  bystanders  and  nearby  build¬ 
ings.  One  of  the  duplicate  permits  shall  be  filed  with  the  commanding  officer  of  the 
police  precinct  within  which  the  display  is  to  be  given,  and  shall  be  evidence  of  the 
right  of  the  person  named  therein  to  give  the  display.  (O.  R.,  §250.) 

4.  Postponement  of  display.  In  case  it  shall  be  impracticable  to  make  the  display 
at  the  time  authorized  in  the  permit,  the  fire  commissioner  may  authorize  such  display 
at  another  time,  by  certification  on  the  permit,  and  without  exacting  another  fee  there¬ 
for.  (O.  R.,  §255.) 

5.  Restrictions.  No  person  shall  discharge  fireworks : 

a.  In  or  upon  any  street  which  is  less  than  80  feet  in  width  between  the  building 
lines ; 

b.  Within  a  radius  of  1,000  feet  of  any  hospital.  (O.  R.,  §§252,  253.) 

6.  Displays  inside  theatres  and  other  buildings.  No  person  shall  display  any 
fireworks,  flashlights,  colored  fire,  or  open  lights  upon  the  stage  of  any  theatre  or 
other  place  of  public  amusement  or  assembly  without  a  permit.  O.  R.,  §247; 
amended  by  ord.  approved  Aug.  8,  1916.) 

7.  Supervision.  No  person  shall  use  or  discharge  fireworks  exceeding  in  whole¬ 
sale  market  value  the  sum  of  $10  without  having  obtained  from  the  fire  commissioner 
a  certificate  of  fitness  as  a  pyrotechnist.  (O.  R.,  §248.) 


ARTICLE  7. 


Section  100. 
101. 
102. 
103. 


Matches. 

Manufacture. 

Transportation,  storage  and  sale. 
Approved  matches. 

White  phosphorus. 


§100.  Manufacture. 

1.  Permit  required.  No  person  shall  manufacture  any  matches  without  a  permit. 
(O.  R.,  §257.) 

2.  Conditions.  No  such  permit  shall  be  issued  unless  the  manufacturing  is  to  be 
carried  on  in  a  building  used  exclusively  for  that  purpose,  the  walls  of  which  ire  con¬ 
structed  of  brick,  stone  or  other  fire  resisting  material,  and  artificially  lighted  by  any 
means  other  than  electricity.  (O.  R.,  §260.) 


§101.  Transportation,  storage  and  sale. 

1.  Permit  required.  No  person  shall  transport,  store  or  sell  matches  without  a 
permit;  but  no  such  permit  shall  be  required  of  a  person  holding  a  permit  to  manu¬ 
facture  matches ;  nor  for  the  storage  and  sale  in  quantities  aggregating,  at  any  time, 
not  more  than  60  matchman’s  gross  (14,400  matches  each  gross).  (O.  R.,  §8257,  263, 
264.) 

2.  Restrictions.  No  permit  shall  be  issued  for  the  storage  or  sale  of  matches 
within  the  city  in  quantities  aggregating  more  than  60  matchman’s  gross  for  any 
premises — 


257 


CHAP .  10,  ART.  7,  SECS.  102,  103. 


(a)  Which  are  occupied  as  a  tenement  house,  dwelling,  school,  workshop,  factory, 
theatre  or  other  place  of  public  amusement  or  assembly; 

(b)  Which  are  of  wooden  construction; 

(c)  Where  paints,  oils,  varnishes,  lacquers,  rosin,  turpentine,  petroleum  or  any 
liquid  product  thereof,  hemp,  cotton,  guncotton,  smokeless  powder,  black  powder, 
blasting  powder,  fireworks,  or  any  other  explosives  are  manufactured,  stored  or  kept 
for  sale; 

(d)  Which  are  not  provided  with  such  number  of  fire  extinguishers  and  pails 
of  water  as  may  be  required  by  the  fire  commissioner.  (O.  R.,  §262.) 

§102.  Approved  matches. 

1.  Certificate  of  approval.  No  person  shall  transport,  store  or  sell  any  matches 
for  which  a  certificate  of  approval  shall  not  have  been  issued.  The  applicant  for  such 
certificate  shall  deposit  with  the  fire  commissioner  a  sample  of  the  matches  for  which 
approval  is  requested,  packed  in  the  labeled  boxes  or  containers  in  which  such  matches 
are  to  be  sold,  and  no  such  application  shall  include  more  than  one  kind  or  type 
of  match,  but  several  brands  or  names  of  the  same  kind  or  type  of  match  may  be 
included  and  a  single  certificate  of  approval  therefor  be  issued.  (O.  R.,  §§265,  267, 
268,  amended  by  ord.  effective  May  25,  1915.) 

2.  Fusees,  wind  matches,  afterglow.  No  certificate  of  approval  shall  be  issued 
for  any  match  of  the  type  or  kind  commonly  known  as  “fuzees”  or  “wind  matches,” 
or  for  a  match  the  stick  of  which  has  not  been  treated  to  a  process  of  impregnation 
for  the  purpose  of  preventing  an  afterglow.  (O.  R.,  §272.) 

3.  Mark.  No  person  shall  store,  transport  or  sell  matches  unless  the  box  or 
container  in  which  they  are  packed  bears  plainly  marked  on  the  outside  thereof  the 
name  of  the  manufacturer,  or  in  the  case  of  matches  of  foreign  manufacture,  the 
name  of  the  importer  or  agent,  and  in  every  case  a  distinctive  brand  or  mark  or  name. 
No  person  shall  place  in  a  box  or  container  marked  as  prescribed  in  this  subdivision, 
any  matches  for  which  a  certificate  of  approval  shall  not  have  been  issued.  (O.  R., 
§§270,  273,  amended  by  ord.  effective  May  25,  1915.) 

4.  Packing.  Not  more  than  1,000  matches  shall  be  placed  in  a  single  box  or 
container ;  and,  where  more  than  200  matches  are  placed  in  a  single  box  or  container, 
they  shall  be  arranged  in  layers,  with  the  heads  of  alternate  layers  pointing  in  the 
opposite  direction  to  the  heads  of  the  matches  in  the  layer  immediately  above  and 
below.  (O.  R.,  §271.) 

5.  (Repealed  by  ord.  effective  May  25,  1915.) 

§103.  White  phosphorus. 

No  person  shall  manufacture,  transport,  store  or  sell  any  matches  in  the  manu¬ 
facture  of  which  white  phosphorus  is  an  ingredient.  (O.  R.,  §258.) 


ARTICLE  8. 


Mineral  Oils. 


Section  110. 
111. 
112. 

113. 

114. 

115. 

116. 
117. 


Refining,  distilling  or  manufacturing. 
Storage  plants. 

Limited  storage. 

Transportation  and  delivery. 

Volatile  inflammable  oils. 

Illuminating  oils. 

Lubricating  oils. 

Fire  prevention. 


258 


EXPLOSIVES  AND  HAZARDOUS  TRADES. 


§110.  Refining,  distilling  or  manufacturing. 

Except  as  otherwise  provided,  no  person  shall  manufacture,  refine  or  distill 
petroleum,  shale  oil  or  coal  tar,  or  the  liquid  products  thereof,  or  store,  transport  or 
use  any  of  the  foregoing  without  a  permit;  but  no  permit  shall  hereafter  be  issued 
for  the  erection  and  operation  of  any  new  plant  of  a  similar  character,  except  that 
hydro-carbon  materials  collected  from  oil  separators  may  be  distilled  or  refined  under 
a  special  permit.  (O.  R.,  §§275,  278;  amended  by  ord.  effective  July  16,  1915.) 

§111.  Storage  plants. 

1.  Permit  required.  No  person  shall  maintain  or  conduct  a  plant  for  the  storage 
of  petroelum  or  shale  oil,  or  the  liquid  products  thereof,  or  of  coal  tar  without  a 
permit.  (O.  R-,  §280.) 

2.  Barges.  A  special  permit  may  be  issued  authorizing  the  storage  of  petroleum 
and  shale  oil,  and  the  liquid  products  thereof,  and  of  coal  tar,  in  barges  of  steel  on 
other  approved  construction,  in  quantities  not  to  exceed  the  following: 

(a)  Volatile  inflammable  oils — If  in  barrels  or  drums,  500  barrels  of  55  gallons 
each;  if  in  cans,  5,000  gallons; 

(b)  Other  oils — If  in  barrels  or  drums,  1,000  barrels  of  55  gallons  each;  if  in 
cans,  10,000  gallons.  (O.  R.,  §286.) 

3.  Boat  supplies.  Wherever  the  physical  conditions  along  the  shore  front  are 
such  as  to  make  it  impracticable  to  place  under  ground  a  storage  tank  for  the  storage 
of  volatile  inflammable  oils,  to  be  delivered  to  launches  and  other  vessels  for  gen¬ 
erating  motive  power,  a  special  permit  may  be  issued  authorizing  the  storage  of 
such  oils  in  a  tank  above  ground  in  a  quantity  not  to  exceed  10,000  gallons ;  provided 
that  such  oils  shall  be  conveyed  from  the  storage  tank  to  the  tanks  of  vessels  directly 
by  a  pipe  line  or  by  approved  portable  tanks  or  approved  safety  cans.  (Amended 
by  ord.  effective  Dec.  26,  1916.) 

4.  Drums  or  barrels.  A  special  permit  may  be  issued  authorizing  the  storage 
of  volatile  inflammable  oils,  in  steel  drums  or  barrels,  in  a  specially  constructed  pit 
of  concrete,  the  bottom  of  which  shall  be  at  least  3  feet  below  the  ground  level. 
The  quantity  of  such  oils  so  stored  shall  not  exceed  500  barrels  of  55  gallons  each. 
(O.  R.,  §287.) 

5.  Tanks.  All  storage  tanks,  comprising  or  forming  a  part  of  an  oil  storage 
plant,  shall  be  buried  so  that  the  tops  thereof  shall  be  at  least  2  feet  below  the 
grade  level. 

In  localities  where  physical  conditions  make  it  impracticable  to  place  tanks  under¬ 
ground,  the  fire  commissioner  may  authorize  the  tanks  of  an  oil  storage  plant  to  be 
placed  above  ground.  In  such  cases  the  maximum  capacity  of  each  tank  above  ground 
containing  volatile  inflammable  oil  shall  be  fixed  by  the  following  schedule,  viz. : 
If  distant  25  feet  from  line  of  adjoining  property  which  may  be  built 


upon  . * .  8,000  gals. 

If  distant  30  feet .  12,000  gals. 

If  distant  40  feet .  18,000  gals. 

If  distant  50  feet .  24,000  gals. 

If  distant  60  feet . 30,000  gals. 

If  distant  75  feet .  48,000  gals. 

If  distant  85  feet .  75,000  gals. 

If  distant  100  feet .  100,000  gals. 


At  storage  plants  where  the  tanks  are  above  ground,  the  maximum  capacity  of  each 
tank  containing  kerosene  or  fuel  oil  may  be  determined  by  doubling  the  above  capaci¬ 
ties,  but  in  no  case  shall  any  tank  have  a  capacity  greater  than  100,000  gallons.  At  all 
storage  plants  all  tanks  above  ground,  including  those  containing  volatile  inflammable 

259 


CHAP .  10,  ART.  8,  SEC.  112. 


oil,  the  filling  tanks,  if  any,  and  also  tanks  containing  kerosene,  shall  be  surrounded 
by  a  wall  of  concrete,  forming  an  enclosure  capable  of  holding  the  entire  contents  of 
the  group  of  tanks  enclosed  therein  should  any  tank  become  disrupted.  The  total 
capacity  of  any  such  group  shall  not  exceed  250,000  gallons.  To  facilitate  the  filling, 
at  oil  storage  plants,  of  steel  barrels  or  drums  with  volatile  inflammable  oils  and  kero¬ 
sene,  or  to  fill  horse-drawn  tank  wagons  as  conditionally  allowed  in  this  chapter,  there 
may  be  installed  as  part  of  a  storage  plant  not  more  than  3  filling  tanks,  each  of  a 
capacity  of  not  more  than  4,200  gallons,  elevated  on  brick,  concrete  or  steel  piers,  to 
contain  naphtha,  gasoline  and  kerosene,  respectively;  and  all  oils  remaining  in  the 
filling  tanks  at  the  end  of  each  day  shall  be  at  once  returned  to  the  storage  tanks 
proper.  The  buried  tanks  of  an  oil  storage  system  shall  be  separated  from  each  other 
by  not  less  than  1  foot  of  solid  concrete,  well  tamped  into  place.  All  tanks  of  an 
oil  storage  system  shall  be  so  connected  with  each  other,  by  a  system  of  underground 
pipes,  that  the  contents  of  each  tank  can  be  transferred  to  any  other  tank  at  will,  and 
all  other  details  of  the  installation  shall  be  as  directed  by  the  fire  commissioner  in 
each  particular  case.  At  all  storage  plants  each  tank,  including  the  filling  tank,  if  any, 
shall  be  equipped  with  a  fire  extinguishing  system  satisfactory  to  the  fire  commissioner. 
Each  oil  storage  system  shall  have  a  direct  telegraphic  communication  with  fire  head¬ 
quarters.  All  tanks,  as  to  thickness  and  quality  of  material,  hydrostatic  pressure  test, 
foundations,  connections,  fire  protection  and  extinguishing  system  and  all  other  details 
of  installation  must  be  according  to  plans  first  approved  by  the  fire  commissioner.  No 
tank  forming  part  of  a  buried  oil  storage  system  shall  be  covered  from  sight  until  after 
an  inspection  has  been  made  by  the  fire  department  and  written  approval  has  been 
given;  which  approval  shall  be  given  without  charge^  provided  all  the  regulations 
have  been  complied  with.  (O.  R.,  §§282,  284,  285;  amended  by  ord.  effective  July 
16,  1915.) 

6.  (Repealed  by  ord.  effective  July  16,  1915.) 

7.  Sewer  protection.  No  person  shall  connect  an  oil  storage  plant  with  any  public 
drain  or  sewer,  nor  permit  any  liquid  product  of  petroleum  to  escape  into  any  such 
drain  or  sewer.  (O.  R.,  §289.) 

8.  Supervision.  A  plant  for  the  storage,  manufacture,  refining  or  distilling  of 

petroleum,  shale  oil  or  coal  tar  or  any  liquid  product  thereof,  shall  be  continuously 
under  the  care  and  supervision  of  1  or  more  persons  each  holding  a  certificate  of  fitness 
as  manager  or  superintendent  thereof.  The  number  of  persons  required  to  hold 
such  certificates  shall  be  determined  by  the  fire  commissioner  and  stated  in  the 
permit,  but  in  no  case  shall  there  be  required  more  than  3.  (O.  R.,  §290;  amended 

by  ord.  effective  July  16,  1915.) 

§112.  Limited  storage. 

1.  Permit.  Permit  may  be  issued  for  the  storage  of  petroleum  and  shade  oil, 

and  the  liquid  products  thereof,  and  of  coal  tar,  in  a  manner  satisfactory  ~o  the  fire 

commissioner,  in  buildings  or  premises  other  than  storage  plants,  in  quantities  not  to 
exceed  the  following : 

(a)  Volatile  inflammable  oils — 550  gallons. 

(b)  Other  oils  that  do  not  emit  an  inflammable  vapor  at  a  temperature  below 
100  degrees  F.,  when  tested  in  a  Tagliabue  open  cup  tester,  1,100  gallons. 

2.  Restrictions.  No  permit  shall  be  issued  for  the  storage  or  sale  of  volatile 
inflammable  oil  in  any  building: 

(a)  Which  is  occupied  as  a  tenement  house,  dwelling,  school  or  place  of  public 
amusement  or  assembly; 

(b)  Where  explosives  are  stored  or  kept  for  sale  or  use; 

(c)  Where  dry  goods  or  other  material  of  a  highly  inflammable  nature  are 

manufactured,  stored  or  kept  for  sale; 

260 


EXPLOSIVES  AND  HAZARDOUS  TRADES. 


(d)  Where  the  portion  of  the  building  occupied  or  used  for  the  storage  of  vola¬ 
tile  inflammable  oil  is  lighted  by  any  means  other  than  electricity; 

(e)  Upon  any  floor  above  the  ground  floor  of  a  building,  except  in  an  approved 
safety  can  in  quantities  of  5  gallons  or  less  and  for  use  only. 

§113.  Transportation  and  delivery. 

1.  Permit •  Except  as  otherwise  provided  in  this  chapter,  no  person  shall  trans¬ 
port,  store,  sell,  deliver  or  use  within  the  city  any  petroleum  or  shale  oil,  or  the 
liquid  products  of  either,  or  of  coal  tar,  without  a  permit.  (O.  R.,  §279;  amended  by 
ord.  effective  July  16,  1915.) 

2.  Containers.  Petroleum  and  shale  oil,  and  the  liquid  products  thereof,  and  of 
coal  tar,  except  volatile  inflammable  oils,  may  be  transported  in  the  following-named 
containers : 

(a)  In  tank  care  or  through  supply  pipes; 

(b)  In  steel,  iron  or  wooden  barrels  or  drums  of  a  capacity  not  exceeding 
55  gallons  each; 

(c)  In  cans  of  a  capacity  not  exceeding  10  gallons  each,  made  of  at  least 
No.  25  B.  W.  G.  tin  or  terne  plate,  packed  in  substantial  wooden  cases.  (O.  R.,  §301.) 

3.  Tank  wagons •  No  person  shall  transport  petroleum  or  shale  oil,  or  the  liquid 
product  of  either  thereof,  or  of  coal  tar,  in  a  tank  wagon,  unless  it  be  of  a 
type  for  which  a  certificate  of  approval  shall  have  been  issued;  provided,  however, 
that  a  certificate  of  approval  of  a  type  or  kind  of  tank  wagon  issued  under  this 
section  to  a  given  person  shall  not  be  construed  as  an  approval  of  a  similar  type  or 
kind  of  tank  wagon  owned,  operated  or  used  by  another  person.  The  tank  of  such  a 
wagon  shall  be  constructed  of  iron  or  steel  not  less  than  J/s  of  an  inch  thick  for  the 
top  plates  and  3-16  of  an  inch  for  the  bottom  plates;  and  shall  be  equipped  with  faucets, 
which  shall  be  kept  locked  when  not  in  use.  The  capacity  of  the  tank  wagon  shall  not 
exceed  35  barrels  of  55  gallons  each.  Each  such  wagon  shall  have  painted  on  both 
sides  thereof  in  letters  not  less  than  3  inches  high,  the  name  of  the  person  operating 
it,  and  the  number  of  the  certificate  of  approval.  (O.  R.,  §§303-305.) 

§114.  Volatile  inflammable  oils. 

1.  Report  of  sales.  Each  vendor  of  volatile  inflammable  oil  shall  render  to  the 
fire  commissioner,  on  or  before  the  10th  day  of  each  month,  a  statement  verified 
as  to  its  correctness  by  an  affidavit,  showing  the  total  quantity  of  volatile  inflam¬ 
mable  oil  in  excess  of  5  gallons  delivered  to  each  purchaser  in  the  city  during  the  pre¬ 
ceding  month;  provided,  however,  that  no  report  shall  be  required  of  volatile  inflam¬ 
mable  oil  delivered  directly  to  the  fuel  tanks  of  motor  vehicles,  motorcycles,  motor  tri¬ 
cycles,  motor  boats,  airships,  aeroplanes  and  other  similar  craft  and  vessels.  (O.  R., 
§296.) 

2.  Retail  sales.  No  person  shall  sell  or  deliver  volatile  inflammable  oil  in 
quantities  exceeding  1  gallon  unless  the  purchaser  thereof  hold  a  permit  for  the 
transportation,  storage,  sale  or  use  of  said  oil;  provided,  that  nothing  contained  in 
this  chapter  shall  be  construed  as  requiring  a  permit  for  the  storage  of  volatile  inflam¬ 
mable  oil  in  the  tanks  or  motor  vehicles,  motor  tricycles,  motorcycles,  motor  boats, 
airships,  aeroplanes,  or  other  similar  craft  or  vehicles,  for  use  as  fuel  for  generating 
motive  power ;  and  providing  further  that  no  permit  shall  be  required  for  the  transpor¬ 
tation,  storage  or  use  of  volatile  inflammable  oil  in  quantities  not  exceeding  1  gallon. 
(O-  R.,  §296,  as  amended  by  ord.  effective  July  16,  1915.) 

3.  Rural  delivery.  By  a  special  permit,  the  delivery  of  volatile  inflammaole  cils 
may  be  authorized  to  be  made  by  tank-wagon  to  points  in  the  sparsely  populated 
districts  of  the  city,  provided  the  entire  tank  load  is  delivered  at  one  time  and  place. 


261 


CHAP.  10,  ART.  8,  SECS.  115-117. 

The  permit  shall  in  such  cases  specify  the  route  to  be  followed  in  making  the  delivery. 
(O.  R..  §302.) 

4.  Transportation.  Except  as  otherwise  provided  in  this  section,  volatile  in¬ 
flammable  oil  may  be  transported  only  in  the  following  containers : 

a.  Cans  of  a  capacity  not  to  exceed  5  gallons  each,  having  plainly  marked 
thereon  the  words  “DANGEROUS — KEEP  FROM  FLAME,”  and  being  equipped 
with  a  metal  seal,  so  arranged  that  there  shall  be  no  outlet  for  the  oil  unless  the 
seal  is  broken ; 

b.  Glass  bottles  of  a  capacity  not  exceeding  4  ounces  each,  labeled  DANGER¬ 
OUS — Keep  from  Flame; 

c.  Steel  barrels  or  drums  of  a  capacity  not  to  exceed  55  gallons  each,  having 
plainly  marked  thereon  the  word  DANGEROUS.  (O.  R.,  §§293,  294.) 

d.  Volatile  inflammable  oil  drawn  from  an  approved  storage  system  on  the 
premises,  and  intended  for  further  manufacture  or  use,  may  be  transported  for  such 
use  in  approved  safety  cans  of  a  capacity  not  greater  than  5  gallons.  (O.  R.,  §§292, 
298;  amended  by  ord.  effective  July  16,  1915.) 

5.  Use  and  storage.  Printers,  lithographers  and  similar  users  of  volatile  inflam¬ 
mable  oil  shall  be  required  to  keep  their  supply  of  such  oil  in  approved  safety  cans 
or  buried  storage  tanks. 

Limited  permits  may  be  issued  by  the  fire  commissioner,  for  periods  of  less  than 
1  year,  authorizing  the  storage  and  use  of  volatile  inflammable  oil,  kerosene  or  fuel 
oil  in  streets,  or  on  sidewalks,  or  in  a  building  under  construction,  when  needed  in 
connection  with  authorized  building  operations  or  street  improvements,  when  such 
material  is  enclosed  in  an  approved  metal  container,  and,  if  in  quantities  greater  than 
10  gallons,  is  surrounded  by  an  enclosure  satisfactory  to  the  fire  commissioner,  con¬ 
structed  of  corrugated  iron  or  other  fire-retarding  materials,  the  same  to  be  kept 
securely  locked  when  not  in  actual  use.  (New;  added  by  ord.  effective  July  16,  1915.) 

§115.  Illuminating  Oils. 

1.  Permit.  No  person  shall  store  and  sell  kerosene  or  other  illuminating  oils 
without  a  permit  from  the  fire  commissioner ;  but  no  permit  shall  be  required  where 
the  quantity  transported  or  used  does  not  exceed  10  gals.  (O.  R.,  §308.) 

2.  Empty  barrels.  All  barrels,  cans  and  other  containers  of  liquid  products 
of  petroleum,  coal  tar  or  shale  oil  shall  be  removed  from  all  premises,  other  than 
storage  plants,  within  24  hours  after  being  emptied.  (O.  R.,  §310;  amended  byword, 
effective  July  16,  1915.) 

3.  Test.  No  person  shall  sell  or  offer  for  sale  any  kerosene  or  other  illuminating 
oil  which  will  emit  an  inflammable  vapor  at  a  temperature  lower  than  100  degrees  F., 
when  tested  in  a  Tagliabue  open  cup  tester.  (O.  R.,  §307;  amended  by  ord.  effective 
July  16,  1915.) 

§116.  Lubricating  oils. 

No  permit  shall  be  required  for  the  transportation,  storage,  sale  or  use  of  machine, 
lubricating  or  other  heavy  oils  in  quantities  not  exceeding  70  gallons.  (O.  R.,  §309.) 

§117.  Fire  prevention. 

The  floors  of  each  store  and  premises  covered  by  a  permit  issued  under  this 
article  shall  be  kept  free  and  clear  of  waste  paper  and  other  inflammable  material, 
and  shall  be  provided  with  self-closing  metal  cans  for  keeping  sawdust  or  cotton  waste 
for  cleaning  purposes,  and  also  with  a  number  of  buckets  filled  with  sand  for  use 
in  extinguishing  fire ;  the  number  of  buckets  to  be  so  kept  shall  be  stated  in  the  permit. 
(O.  R..  §300.) 


262 


EXPLOSIVES  AND  HAZARDOUS  TRADES . 

ARTICLE  9. 

Inflammable  Mixtures. 

Section  130.  Permit. 

131.  Manufacture. 

132.  Transportation,  storage  and  sale. 

§130.  Permit. 

Except  as  otherwise  provided  in  this  chapter,  no  person  shall  manufacture,  trans¬ 
port,  store  or  sell  any  inflammable  mixture  without  a  permit,  and  no  such  permit  shall 
be  granted  for  any  inflammable  mixture  which  contains  volatile  inflammable  oil  in 
excess  of  80  per  cent,  of  its  total  bulk,  or  which  shall  be  for  use  as  a  stove  polish  or 
insecticide.  (O.  R.,  §§312-314.) 

§131.  Manufacture. 

1.  Certificate  of  approval.  No  system  for  the  storage  of  volatile  inflammable  oils 
shall  be  installed  in  any  building  used  for  the  manufacture  of  inflammable  mixtures 
unless  it  be  of  a  type  for  which  a  certificate  of  approval  shall  have  been  issued. 
(O.  R.,  §320.) 

2.  Restrictions.  No  permit  for  the  manufacture  of  inflammable  mixtures  shall 
be  issued  for  any  building — 

(a)  Which  is  situated  within  50  feet  of  the  nearest  wall  of  any  building  occu¬ 
pied  as  a  school,  hospital,  theatre  or  other  place  of  public  amusement  or  assembly; 

(b)  Which  is  occupied  as  a  tenement  house,  dwelling  or  hotel; 

(c)  Which  is  of  wooden  construction ; 

(d)  Which  is  artificially  lighted  by  any  means  other  than  electricity; 

(e)  Where  drugs,  cigars,  cigarettes  or  tobaccos  are  kept  for  sale; 

(f)  Where  drygoods  or  other  materials  of  a  highly  inflammable  nature  are  manu¬ 
factured,  stored  or  sold; 

(g)  Where  matches,  rosin,  hemp,  cotton  or  any  explosives  are  stored  or  sold. 
(O.  R.,  §317.) 

3.  Containers.  Inflammable  mixtures  shall  be  put  up  only  in  glass  bottles  of  a 
capacity  not  exceeding  4  ounces  each,  or  in  metal  cans  of  a  capacity  not  exceeding 
1  gallon  each,  fitted  with  a  screw  top  so  made  that  the  can  will  be  airtight  when  closed, 
and  each  bottle  or  can  shall  bear  the  name  and  address  of  the  manufacturer, 
the  number  of  his  original  permit,  or  the  number  of  his  certificate  of  registration, 
and,  in  large  letters,  the  words  CAUTION;  INFLAMMABLE  MIXTURE.  DO 
NOT  USE  NEAR  FIRE  OR  FLAME.  (O.  R.,  §§344,  345.) 

4.  Deliveries.  All  deliveries  of  volatile  inflammable  oils  to  a  building  used  for 
the  manufacture  of  inflammable  mixtures  shall  be  made  directly  to  the  storage  tank 
through  the  filling  pipe  by  means  of  a  hose  coupled  to  the  barrel  containing  the  oil 
and  connected  to  the  intake  as  provided  for  in  these  regulations;  no  barrel  containing 
volatile  inflammable  oil  shall  be  taken  ofif  the  wagon  delivering  such  oil;  no  wagon 
or  other  vehicle  engaged  in  the  delivery  of  volatile  inflammable  oil  shall  be  admitted 
to  or  taken  within  a  building  or  any  portion  thereof,  and  no  person  shall  deliver  or 
receive  within  a  building  any  volatile  inflammable  oil  in  a  barrel  or  other  similar 
receptacle,  nor  keep  or  store  in  a  building  any  barrel  or  other  similar  receptacle  from 
which  volatile  inflammable  oil  has  been  drawn.  (O.  R.,  §338,  amended  by  ord.  effective 
May  25,  1915.) 

5.  Drawing-off  pipe.  The  drawing-off  pipe  shall  be  encased  in  and  surrounded 
by  either  4  inches  of  Portland  cement  concrete  or  8  inches  of  brick  masonry  up  to 
the  level  of  the  floor  on  which  the  compartment  containing  the  mixing  tank  is  located. 
(O.  R.,  §332.) 


263 


CHAP.  10,  ART.  9,  SEC.  131. 


6.  Filling-pipes.  The  filling  pipe  shall  be  at  least  2  inches  in  diameter,  and  shall 
be  laid  at  a  descending  grade  from  the  sidewalk  in  front  of  the  building  to  the  tank 
The  intake  of  a  filling  pipe  shall  be  located  in  a  heavy  metal  box,  which  shall  be 
sunk  flush  with  the  sidewalk  at  the  curb  level,  or  at  some  other  location  offering  equal 
facilities  for  the  filling  of  the  tank  from  the  barrel-wagon,  and  fitted  with  a  heavy 
metal  cover,  and  shall  be  kept  locked  when  not  in  use.  The  filling  pipe  shall  be  closed 
at  the  intake  by  a  cock  or  valve  fitted  with  a  coupling  for  attaching  to  the  hose  of  a 
barrel  wagon,  and  with  a  screw  cap  to  close  the  opening  when  not  in  use.  The 
filling  pipe  shall  be  provided  with  a  screen  made  of  2  thicknesses  of  20-mesh  brass 
wire  gauze,  placed  immediately  below  the  filling  cock  or  valve.  (O.  R.,  §§326-329, 
amended  by  ord.  effective  May  25,  1915.) 

7.  Lighting.  No  system  of  artificial  lighting  other  than  incandescent  electric 
lights  shall  be  installed  in  any  premises  used  for  the  manufacture  of  inflammable 
mixtures  unless  of  a  type  for  which  a  certificate  of  approval  shall  have  been  issued. 
All  incandescent  electric  lights  shall  be  fitted  with  keyless  sockets,  and  all  electric 
switches  and  plugs  shall  be  placed  at  least  4  feet  above  the  floor.  (O.  R.,  §340, 
amended  by  ord.  effective  May  25,  1915.) 

8.  Mixing  tank.  The  mixing  tank  shall  be  located  in  a  separate  compartment 
built  upon  suitable  foundations,  having  the  walls,  floor  and  roof  construcated  of  Port¬ 
land  cement  concrete  at  least  6  inches  thick,  or  of  brick  masonry  at  least  8  inches 
thick,  the  brick  to  be  laid  in  and  covered  by  Portland  cement  mortar.  Each  such 
tank  shall  be  filled  either  by  means  of  a  pump  or  an  approved  pressure  system,  and 
the  tank  shall  be  kept  closed  except  when  the  ingredients  entering  into  the  manu¬ 
facture  of  the  inflammable  mixture  are  being  placed  therein.  Each  compartment 
wherein  a  mixing  tank  is  located  shall  be  equipped  with  self-closing  fire-proof  doors 
and  windows.  (O.  R.,  §§333,  334,  339.) 

9.  Piping,  generally.  Each  storage  tank  shall  be  provided  with  a  filling  pipe,  a 
drawing-off  pipe  and  a  vent  pipe;  provided,  that  tanks  installed  as  part  of  a  hydraulic 
storage  system  shall  not  be  required  to  have  a  vent  pipe.  All  pipes  shall  be  of  gal¬ 
vanized  wrought  iron,  with  malleable  iron  fittings.  All  screw  joints  shall  be  made  with 
litharge  and  glycerine.  (O.  R.,  §325.) 

10.  Sewer  protection.  No  piping  of  any  kind  shall  be  allowed  to  connect  a  com¬ 
partment  wherein  a  mixing  tank  is  located  with  any  public  drain  or  sewer ;  and  all  silt 
or  sediment  left  in  the  mixing  tank  shall  be  placed  in  airtight  metal  containers  and 
immediately  removed  from  the  premises.  (O.  R.,  §337.) 

11.  Storage  system.  No  permit  shall  be  issued  for  the  manufacture  of  inflam¬ 
mable  mixtures  in  any  premises  which  are  not  equipped  with  an  approved  storage  sys¬ 
tem  for  containing  and  handling  all  volatile  inflammable  oils  used  in  such  manufacture. 
(O.  R.,  §319.) 

12.  Supervision.  All  premises  used  for  the  manufacture  of  inflammable  mix¬ 

tures  shall  be  under  the  care  and  supervision  of  1  or  more  persons,  each  holding 
a  certificate  of  fitness  as  superintendent  or  manager  thereof.  The  number  of  persons 
required  to  hold  such  certificate  shall  be  determined  by  the  fire  commissioner  and 
stated  in  the  permit,  but  in  no  case  shall  there  be  required  more  than  3.  (O.  R.,  §318, 

amended  by  ord.  effective  May  25,  1915.) 

13.  Tanks.  Each  tank  used  for  the  storage  of  volatile  inflammable  oil  shall  be: 

a.  Constructed  of  steel  at  least  1-4  of  an  inch  in  thickness,  shall  have  a  capacity 
of  not  more  than  1,500  gallons,  and  shall,  under  test,  stand  a  hydrostatic  pressure  of 
at  least  100  pounds  to  the  square  inch.  (Amended  by  ord.  effective  May  25,  1915.) 

b.  Coated  on  the  outside  with  tar  or  other  rust  resisting  material,  shall  be  set 
on  a  solid  foundation,  and  shall  be  imbedded  in  and  surrounded  by  at  least  12 

264 


EXPLOSIVES  AND  HAZARDOUS  TRADES. 


inches  of  Portland  cement  concrete,  composed  of  2  parts  of  cement,  3  parts  of  sand 
and  5  parts  of  stone.  (As  amended  by  ord.  effective  May  25,  1915.) 

c.  So  set  that  the  top  or  highest  point  thereof  shall  be  at  least  2  feet  below 
the  level  of  the  lowest  cellar  floor  of  any  building  within  a  radius  of  10  feet  from  the 
tank,  and  no  tank  for  the  storage  of  volatile  inflammable  oil  shall  be  located  under  the 
sidewalk  or  beyond  the  building  line. 

d.  No  tank,  forming  part  of  a  buried  oil  storage  system,  shall  be  covered  from 
sight  until  after  an  inspection  has  been  made  by  the  fire  department,  and  written 
approval  has  been  given;  which  approval  shall  be  given  without  charge,  provided  all 
the  regulations  have  been  complied  with.  (O.  R.,  §§321-324,  amended  by  ord.  effective 
May  25,  1915.) 

14.  Vent  pipe.  The  vent  pipe  shall  be  at  least  1  inch  in  diameter,  shall  run  from 
the  tank  to  the  outer  air  at  least  10  feet  above  the  roof  of  the  building  in  which  the 
plant  is  located,  and  shall  be  at  least  10  feet  from  the  nearest  window  of  any  adjoining 
building,  and  well  braced  in  position.  It  shall  be  capped  with  a  double  goose-neck, 
cowl  or  hood,  and  provided  with  a  screen  made  of  2  thicknesses  of  20-mesh  brass 
wire  gauze,  placed  immediately  below  the  goose-neck.  (O.  R.,  §§330,  331,  amended  by 
ord.  effective  May  25,  1915.) 

15.  Ventilating  flue.  Each  compartment  wherein  a  mixing  tank  is  located  shall 
be  equipped  with  a  ventilating  flue,  constructed  of  brick  or  concrete,  lined  with 
tile  pipe  at  least  8  inches  square,  inside  measurement,  and  extending  from  the  floor  of 
the  compartment  at  a  point  opposite  the  door,  to  at  least  6  feet  above  the  highest 
point  of  the  roof,  and  at  least  10  feet  from  the  nearest  wall  of  any  adjoining  build¬ 
ing.  Such  flue  shall  have  an  opening  into  the  mixing  compartment  6  inches  square, 
3  inches  above  the  floor,  and  shall  be  equipped  with  a  double  goose-neck  8  inches 
square,  made  of  at  least  18-gauge  galvanized  iron.  All  openings  to  be  covered  with 
20-mesh  brass  wire  screens.  (O.  R.,  §§335,  336.) 

16.  Fire  prevention.  No  stove,  forge,  torch  or  other  device  employing  flame  or 
fire,  nor  any  electric  or  other  apparatus  which  is  likely  to  produce  an  exposed  spark, 
shall  be  allowed  in  any  building  used  for  the  manufacture  of  inflammable  mixtures, 
unless  it  be  placed  in  a  room  or  compartment  separated  from  the  remainder  of  the 
building  by  a  partition  constructed  of  fire  retarding  material  and  provided  with  a 
self-closing  fireproof  door ;  provided,  however,  that  electric  motors  may  be  of  the 
fully  enclosed  type  or  provided  with  an  approved  type  “A”  (fire  department  specifica¬ 
tions)  motor  enclosure;  the  terminal  blocks  also  shall  be  protected.  No  boiler  or 
furnace  shall  be  located  in  any  such  building,  unless  separated  from  the  remainder  of 
the  building  by  an  unpierced  fireproof  wall  consisting  of  solid  masonry  or  its  equiva¬ 
lent,  of  at  least  8  inches  in  thickness ;  provided,  however,  that  where  the  construction 
of  such  unpierced  wall  shall  be  impracticable,  the  fire  commissioner  may  permit  such 
openings  in  such  wall  as  may  be  necessary,  and  prescribe  such  protection  therefor  as  in 
his  judgment  the  particular  case  shall  require.  Premises  used  for  the  manufacture  of 
inflammable  mixtures  shall  be  equipped  with  fire  buckets  filled  with  sand  and  kept 
on  each  floor  for  use  in  extinguishing  fire.  The  number  of  buckets  and  the  quantity 
of  sand  to  be  kept  shall  be  determined  by  the  commissioner  and  stated  in  the  permit. 
(O.  R.,  §§341,  343,  amended  by  ord.  effective  May  25,  1915.) 

17.  Containers  or  devices.  Proper  containers  or  devices  to  prevent  or  extinguish 
fire  may  be  prescribed  by  the  fire  commissioner,  who  may  issue  certificates  of  approval 
for  such  devices.  (Added  by  ord.  effective  May  25,  1915.) 

§132.  Transportation,  storage  and  sale. 

1.  Permit.  No  person  shall  store  or  keep  for  sale  any  inflammable  mixtures,  in 
quantities  aggregating  more  than  5  gallons,  without  a  permit.  (O.  R.,  §349.) 

2.  Certificate  of  registration.  No  person  shall  transport  or  sell  an  inflammable 

265 


CHAP.  10,  ART.  10,  SECS  140-142. 


mixture,  unless  a  certificate  of  registration  therefor  shall  have  been  issued;  but 
no  such  certificate  shall  be  required  for  inflammable  mixtures  for  which  a  permit  to 
manufacture  shall  have  been  issued.  (0.  R.,  §§346,  348.) 

ARTICLE  10. 

Combustible  Mixtures. 

Section  140.  Permit. 

141.  Manufacture. 

142.  Transportation,  storage  and  sale. 

§140.  Permit. 

Except  as  otherwise  provided  in  this  chapter,  no  person  shall  manufacture,  trans¬ 
port,  store  or  sell  any  combustible  mixture  without  a  permit,  but  no  permit  for  the 
manufacture  of  combustible  mixtures  shall  be  required  of  a  person  holding  a  permit 
for  the  manufacture  of  inflammable  mixtures  issued  in  conformity  with  article  9  of 
this  chapter.  (O.  R.,  §§353,  354.) 

§141.  Manufacture. 

1.  Restrictions.  No  such  permit  shall  be  issued  for  manufacturing  of  com¬ 
bustible  mixtures  in  any  building  within  the  restrictions  of  subdivision  2  of  §131  of 
this  chapter.  (O.  R.,  §356.) 

2.  Containers.  Combustible  mixtures  may  be  put  up  only  in  glass  bottles  of  a 
capacity  not  exceeding  4  ounces  each,  or  in  cans  of  a  capacity  not  exceeding  1 
gallon  each,  fitted  with  a  screw  top  so  made  that  the  can  shall  be  airtight  when 
closed.  Each  can  or  bottle  containing  a  combustible  mixture  shall  bear  a  label  giving 
the  name  and  address  of  the  manufacturer,  the  number  of  his  original  permit  or  of 
his  certificate  of  registration,  and,  in  large  letters,  the  words  CAUTION — COM¬ 
BUSTIBLE  MIXTURE.  (O.  R.,  §§357,  358.) 

§142.  Transportation,  storage  and  sale. 

1.  Certificate  of  registration.  No  person  shall  transport,  store  or  sell  any  com¬ 
bustible  mixture  unless  a  certificate  of  registration  therefor  shall  have  been  issued, 
but  no  such  certificate  shall  be  required  for  combustible  mixtures  for  the  manufacture 
of  which  a  permit  has  been  issued.  (O.  R.,  §§359,  361.) 

2.  Exemptions.  No  permit  for  the  storage  and  sale  at  retail  of  combustible  mix¬ 
tures  shall  be  required  of  a  person  holding  a  permit  for  the  storage  and  sale,  at  retail, 
of  inflammable  mixtures,  issued  in  accordance  with  the  provisions  of  article  9  of 
this  chapter.  No  permit  shall  be  required  for  the  storage  and  sale  at  retail  of  com¬ 
bustible  mixtures  in  quantities  aggregating  not  more  than  10  gallons.  (O.  R.,  §§363, 
364  ) 

^ARTICLE  11. 

Garages. 


Section  150. 

Permit. 

151. 

Storage  garages. 

152. 

Construction. 

153. 

Certificates  of  fitness. 

154. 

Garages  in  buildings  having  dwelling  occupancies — when  permitted. 

155. 

Oil  separators. 

156. 

Storage  system. 

157. 

Supplying  vehicles. 

158. 

Lighting. 

159. 

Fire-prevention. 

160. 

Oil  selling  stations. 

*Amended  by  ord.  approved  Aug.  8,  1916. 

266 


EXPLOSIVES  AND  HAZARDOUS  TRADES. 


§150.  Permit. 

1.  Permit  required.  No  person  shall  store,  house  or  keep  any  motor  vehicle  other 
than  one  the  fuel  storage  tank  of  which  is  empty,  except  in  a  building,  shed  or  en¬ 
closure  for  which  a  garage  permit  shall  have  been  issued. 

2.  Exemptions.  No  permit,  however,  shall  be  required  for  the  maintenance  out¬ 
side  of  the  fire  limits,  of  a  garage  in  which  motor  vehicles,  which  are  not  for  sale, 
rent  or  hire,  or  subject  to  charges  for  storage,  or  used  exclusively  for  business  pur¬ 
poses,  are  stored,  housed  or  kept.  (Amended  by  ord.  approved  Aug.  8,  1916.) 

§151.  Storage  garages. 

No  permit  for  a  storage  garage  shall  be  issued  for  any  building,  shed  or  en¬ 
closure — 

(a)  Which  is  occupied  as  a  tenement  house,  hotel  or  lodging  house; 

(b)  Where  paints,  varnishes  or  lacquers  are  manufactured  or  kept  for  sale; 

(c)  Where  dry  goods  or  other  highly  inflammable  materials  are  manufactured  or 
kept  for  sale; 

(d)  Where  rosin,  turpentine,  hemp,  cotton  or  any  explosives  are  stored  or  kept 
for  sale; 

(e)  Which  is  situated  within  20  feet  of  the  nearest  wall  of  a  building  occupied 
as  a  school,  theatre  or  other  place  of  public  amusement  or  assembly,  provided,  how¬ 
ever,  that  renewals  of  permits  may  be  granted  where  the  garage  in  question  was  in 
operation  prior  to  the  opening  of  the  school,  theatre  or  Other  place  of  public  amuse¬ 
ment  or  assembly,  or  has  been  in  continuous  operation  under  a  permit  issued  therefor 
prior  to  May  1,  1915,  and  further  provided  that  a  permit  may  be  issued  for  a  garage 
hereafter  erected  within  20  feet  of  a  building,  the  occupancy  of  which  is  enumerated 
in  this  subdivision,  where  the  garage  has  no  frontage  on  the  same  street  with  any 
frontage  of  such  building,  and  the  wall  or  walls  of  the  garage  adjacent  thereto  are 
constructed  of  brick,  unpierced  for  a  distance  of  at  least  20  feet  therefrom.  (Amended 
by  ord.  approved  Aug.  8,  1916.) 

§152.  Construction. 

(Repealed  by  ord.  effective  July  17,  1917.) 

§153.  Certificate  of  fitness. 

Each  storage  garage  containing  more  than  4  motor  vehicles,  shall  be  continuously 
under  the  care  and  supervision  o'f  1  or  more  persons,  each  holding  a  certificate  of 
fitness.  The  number  of  persons  to  hold  such  certificates  shall  be  stated  in  the  permit, 
but  in  no  case  shall  there  be  required  more  than  3  for  any  garage.  (Amended  by  ord. 
approved  Aug.  8,  1916.) 

§154.  Garages  in  buildings  having  dwelling  occupancies — when  permitted. 

A  permit  shall  not  be  issued  for  a  garage  in  a  building  occupied  as  a  dwelling 
unless  the  ground  floor  area  of  the  garage  does  not  exceed  5,000  square  feet  and 
unless  the  occupants  be  the  applicant  o'r  his  employees  or  the  applicant  and  one  other 
tenant,  or  the  applicant’s  employee  and  one  other  tenant,  and  provided  that  not  more 
than  2  stories  above  the  garage  are  occupied  or  used  as  living  apartments,  which  apart¬ 
ments  shall  be  separated  from  the  garage  by  fire  retarding  walls  and  floors,  not 
pierced  except  by  one  opening,  protected  by  a  fireproof  self-closing  door,  and  pro¬ 
vided  that  there  shall  be  an  entrance  to  the  living  apartments  direct  from  the  street 
without  passing  through  the  garage.  In  case  the  building  is  occupied  by  2  families 
and  on  2  stories  above  the  garage,  a  fire  escape  or  other  secondary  means  of  escape 
must  be  provided  for  each  story  above  the  garage.  (Amended  by  o'rd.  approved  Aug. 
8,  1916.) 


267 


CHAP.  10,  ART.  11,  SECS.  155-157. 


§155.  Oil  separators. 

1.  When  required.  No  garage  permit  authorizing  the  storage  of  volatile  inflam¬ 
mable  oil  shall  be  issued  for  any  premises,  storing  more  than  4  motor  vehicles,  which 
are  not  provided  with  an  oil  separator,  trap  or  other  similar  apparatus  attached  to 
the  house  drain,  for  the  purpose  of  preventing  volatile  inflammable  oils  from  flowing 
into  the  sewer;  provided,  however,  that  the  fire  commissioner  may  exempt  from  the 
requirements  of  this  section  a  garage  draining  into  a  short  sewer  line.  (O.  R.,  §376.) 

2.  Oil  receptacle.  The  oil-receptacle  of  an  oil  separator  shall  not  exceed  50 
gallons  capacity,  and  shall  be  emptied  as  often  as  may  be  necessary  to  prevent  the  oil 
from  overflowing;  and  such  oils  as  are  recovered  from  the  separator  shall  be  removed 
from  the  garage  within  24  hours  after  being  taken  from  the  separator.  (O.  R.,  §397.) 

3.  Sewer  connection.  Each  oil  separator  shall  be  connected  to  the  house  drain, 
and  shall  be  so  arranged  as  to  separate  all  oils  from  the  drainage  of  the  garage. 
(O.  R,  §396.) 

4.  Waste  oil.  All  oils  spilled  on  the  floor  of  a  garage  shall  be  removed  by 
sponging  or  swabbing,  and  poured  into  the  drain  leading  to  the  oil  separator.  (O.  R., 
§398.) 

§156.  Storage  system. 

1.  Tanks.  No  garage  permit  authorizing  the  storage  of  volatile  inflammable  oil 
shall  be  issued  for  any  premises  which  are  not  equipped  with  an  approved  storage 
system,  of  sufficient  capacity  for  the  proper  storage  of  such  oil,  which  shall  be  installed 
in  the  manner  prescribed  in  subdivisions  5,  6,  9,  13  and  14  of  §131  of  article  9 
of  this  chapter;  provided  that  each  tank  shall  be  embedded  in  and  surrounded  by  at 
least  12  inches  of  Portland  cement  concrete,  composed  of  2  parts  of  cement,  3 
parts  of  sand  and  5  parts  of  stone,  except  that  storage  tanks  installed  in  garages 
may  have  a  capacity  not  exceeding  550  gallons  each.  (O.  R.,  §§377,  379-390;  amended 
by  ord.  effective  July  16,  1915.) 

2.  Receiving  supplies.  No  barrel  containing  volatile  inflammable  oil  shall  be  taken 
off  the  wagon  delivering  such  oil  to  a  garage,  but  the  oil  shall  be  delivered  directly 
to  the  storage  tank  through  the  filling  pipe,  by  means  of  a  hose  coupled  to  the  barrel 
containing  the  oil  and  connected  to  the  intake  provided  for  in  subdivision  6  of  §131 
of  this  chapter.  No  wagon  or  other  vehicle,  engaged  in  the  delivery  of  volatile  inflam¬ 
mable  oil  shall  be  admitted  to  or  taken  within  a  garage  or  any  portion  thereof,  and 
no  person  shall  deliver  or  receive  within  a  garage  any  volatile  inflammable  oil  in  a 
barrel  or  other  similar  receptacle,  nor  keep  or  store  in  a  garage  any  barrel  or  other 
similar  receptacle  from  which  volatile  inflammable  oil  has  been  drawn.  (O.  R.,  §§393- 
395.) 

3.  Approval  of  appliances.  No  storage  tank,  portable  tank,  oil  separator,  pump 
or  other  similar  apparatus  shall  be  installed  in  a  garage  unless  it  be  of  a  type  for 
which  a  certificate  of  approval  shall  have  been  issued  by  the  fire  commissioner.  Proper 
containers  or  devices  to  prevent  or  extinguish  fire  may  be  prescribed  by  the  fire 
commissioner,  who  may  issue  certificates  of  approval  therefor.  (O.  R.,  §379;  amended 
by  ord.  effective  July  16,  1915.) 

§157.  Supplying  vehicles. 

1.  Method.  No  person  shall  deliver  volatile  inflammable  oil  from  a  storage  tank 
to  a  motor  vehicle,  except  by  means  of  an  approved  portable  tank  or  directly  through 
the  outlet  of  the  drawing-off  pipe  by  means  of  an  authorized  hose  attachment.  All 
lights  on  motor  vehicles,  except  electric  lights  shall  be  extinguished  before  volatile 
inflammable  oil  is  delivered  to  fuel  tanks.  (O.  R.,  §378;  amended  by  ord.  effective 
July  16,  1915.) 

2.  Portable  tanks.  Each  portable  tank  shall  be  of  a  capacity  not  exceeding  55 
gallons,  and  shall  be  mounted  on  a  substantial  iron  or  steel  frame,  with  rubber-tired 

268 


EXPLOSIVES  AND  HAZARDOUS  TRADES. 


wheels.  The  oil  shall  be  discharged  from  the  tank  only  through  a  hose,  not  exceeding 
16  feet  in  length,  having  a  shut-off  valve  close  to  the  outlet  or  nozzle.  (O.  R.,  §391.) 

3.  Pumps ;  basement  service.  No  pump  or  stationary  outlet  for  delivery  of  vola¬ 
tile  inflammable  oil  in  a  garage  shall  be  allowed  on  any  floor  below  the  street  level; 
and  no  person  shall  deliver  any  such  oil  to  the  tank  of  a  motor  vehicle  while  on  a 
floor  of  the  garage  below  the  street  level,  unless  such  floor  is  provided  with  adequate 
natural  ventilation.  (O.  R.,  §392;  amended  by  ord.  effective  July  16,  1915.) 

4.  Restrictions.  No  person  shall  sell,  deliver  or  use  volatile  inflammable  oil  in 
or  upon  any  premises  covered  by  a  garage  permit  for  any  purpose,  other  than  that  of 
filling  the  tanks  of  motor  vehicles,  motorcycles,  motor-tricycles  motor  boats,  airships 
or  aeroplanes,  except  that  the  use  of  gasoline  in  gasoline  torches  of  a  capacity  not 
greater  than  1  quart  shall  be  permitted,  but  in  the  repair  department  only.  (O.  R., 
§401.) 

§158.  Lighting. 

No  system  of  artificial  lighting  other  than  incandescent  electric  lights  shall  be 
installed  in  any  garage,  unless  of  a  type  for  which  a  certificate  of  approval  shall  have 
been  issued.  All  incandescent  lights  shall  be  fitted  with  keyless  sockets,  and  all  elec¬ 
tric  switches  and  plugs  shall  be  placed  at  least  4  feet  above  the  garage  floor.  (O.  R., 
§399.) 

§159.  Fire  prevention. 

1.  Exposed  flame  or  spark.  No  stove,  forge,  torch  or  other  device  employing 
flame  or  fire,  nor  any  electric  or  other  apparatus  which  is  likely  to  produce  an 
exposed  spark,  except  such  electric  apparatus  as  may  be  placed  5  feet  or  more  above 
a  floor  of  a  garage,  shall  be  allowed  in  any  garage  unless  it  be  placed  in  a  room  or 
compartment  which  is  separated  from  the  garage  by  a  partition  constructed  of  fire 
retarding  material  and  provided  with  a  self-closing  fireproof  door;  provided,  however, 
that  electric  motors  may  be  of  the  fully  enclosed  type  or  provided  with  an  approved 
type  “A”  (fire  department  specifications)  motor  enclosure;  the  terminal  blocks  also 
shall  be  properly  protected.  No  boiler  or  furnace  shall  be  located  in  any  garage 
unless  separated  from  the  remainder  of  the  building  by  an  unpierced  fireproof  wall, 
consisting  of  solid  masonry  of  at  least  8  inches  in  thickness  or  its  equivalent;  pro¬ 
vided,  however,  that  where  the  construction  of  such  unpierced  wall  shall  be  im¬ 
practicable  the  fire  commissioner  may  permit  such  openings  in  such  wall  as  may  be 
necessary  and  prescribe  such  protection  therefor  as  in  his  judgment  the  particular 
case  shall  require.  (O.  R.,  §400;  amended  by  ord.  effective  July  16,  1915.) 

2.  Sand.  Each  garage  shall  be  equipped  with  fire  buckets  filled  with  sand  and 
kept  on  each  floor,  for  use  in  extinguishing  fire.  A  quantity  of  sand  shall  also  be 
kept  on  each  floor  of  a  garage,  for  absorbing  waste  oil.  The  quantity  of  sand  and  the 
number  of  buckets  for  each  garage  shall  be  designated  by  the  fire  commissioner  and 
stated  in  the  permit.  (O.  R.,  §403.) 

3.  Receptacles  for  waste.  Each  floor  of  a  garage  shall  be  equipped  with  self¬ 
closing  metal  cans;  and  all  inflammable  waste  material  shall  be  kept  therein  until 
removed  from  the  building.  (O.  R.,  §404.) 

4.  Storage  .of  carbide.  All  calcium  carbide  stored  in  a  garage  shall  be  kept  in 
water-tight  metal  containers  with  securely  fastened  covers ;  and  the  aggregate  quantity 
kept  on  hand  shall  not  exceed  at  any  time  120  pounds.  (O.  R.,  §405.) 

§160.  Oil  selling  stations. 

A  permit  may  be  issued  by  the  fire  commissioner  for  premises  wherein  the  business 
of  an  oil  selling  station  is  to  be  conducted  and  such  business  shall  be  covered,  except 
as  to  fees,  by  the  regulation  on  the  subject  of  storage  garages  insofar  as  they  are 
applicable  thereto.  (Amended  by  ord.  approved  Aug.  8,  1916.) 

269 


CHAP.  10,  ARTS.  12-13,  SECS.  170-176. 


ARTICLE  12. 

Motor  Vehicle  Repair  Shops. 

Section  170.  Permit. 

171.  Restrictions. 

§170.  Permit. 

No  person  shall  maintain  or  operate  a  motor  vehicle  repair  shop  without  a  per¬ 
mit;  provided  that  such  a  permit  shall  not  be  required  of  a  person  holding  a  garage 
permit  for  the  same  or  adjoining  premises.  (O.  R.,  §§407,  408;  amended  by  ord. 
effective  May  25,  1915.) 

§171.  Restrictions. 

No  person  shall 

1.  Store  or  keep  for  sale  in  a  motor  vehicle  repair  shop  any  volatile  inflammable 
oil  or  calcium  carbide,  except  in  the  manner  and  subject  to  the  conditions  prescribed 
by  the  fire  commissioner:  (O.  R.,  §410.) 

2.  Introduce  or  receive  into  such  a  repair  shop  any  motor  vehicle  containing 
volatile  inflammable  oil,  unless  the  building  or  that  portion  thereof  in  which  the  motor 
vehicle  is  introduced  is  constructed  of  fire-retarding  material.  When  such  volatile 
inflammable  oil  is  removed  from  the  fuel  tank  of  a  motor  vehicle  within  the  repair 
shop,  it  shall  be  emptied  directly  from  such  fuel  tank  into  an  approved  safety  can, 
portable  tank,  or  approved  storage  system,  and  when  returned  to  the  fuel  tank,  it 
shall  be  so  returned  directly  from  such  safety  can,  portable  tank,  or  approved  storage 
system.  (O.  R.,  §411;  amended  by  ord.  effective  May  25,  1915.) 


ARTICLE  13. 


Section  175. 

176. 

177. 

178. 

179. 


Dry=CIeaning  and  Dry=Dyeing  Establishments. 

Permit. 

Restrictions. 

Equipment. 

Operation. 

Fire  prevention. 


§175.  Permit. 

No  person  shall  maintain  or  operate  a  dry  cleaning  or  dry  dyeing  establishment 
without  a  permit.  (O.  R.,  §413.) 


§176.  Restrictions. 

No  permit  to  maintain  and  operate  a  dry  cleaning  or  dry  dyeing  establishment 
shall  be  issued  for  any  building: 

(a)  In  which  the  compartment  wherein  the  volatile  inflammable  oil  is  used  is 
situated  within  50  feet  of  the  nearest  wall  of  any  building  occupied  as  a  school,  hos¬ 
pital,  theatre,  or  other  place  of  public  amusement  or  assembly; 

(b)  Which  is  occupied  as  a  tenement  house,  dwelling  or  hotel; 

(c)  Which  is  of  wooden  construction ; 

(d)  In  which  the  compartment  wherein  the  volatile  inflammable  oil  is  used  is 
artificially  lighted  by  any  other  means  than  electricity; 

(e)  Where  drugs,  cigars,  cigarettes  or  tobaccos  are  kept  for  sale; 

(f)  Where  paints,  varnishes  or  lacquers  are  manufactured,  stored,  or  kept  for 
sale; 

(g)  Where  drygoods  or  other  highly  inflammable  materials  are  manufactured, 
stored  or  kept  for  sale; 

(h)  Where  matches,  rosin,  turpentine,  hemp,  cotton,  or  any  explosives  are  stored 
or  kept; 


270 


EXPLOSIVES  AND  HAZARDOUS  TRADES . 


(i)  Which  is  not  equipped  with  an  approved  system  for  storing  and  handling 
all  volatile  inflammable  oils,  stored  or  used  in  such  establishment  as  prescribed  in 
subdivisions  5,  6,  9,  13  and  14  of  §131  of  article  9  of  this  chapter.  (O.  R.,  §§416,  418.) 

§177.  Equipment. 

1.  Certificate  of  approval.  No  system  tor  the  storage  of  volatile  inflammable 
oils  shall  be  installed  in  any  building  used  as  a  dry  cleaning  or  dry  dyeing  establish¬ 
ment,  unless  it  be  of  a  type  for  which  a  certificate  of  approval  shall  have  been  issued. 
(O.  R.,  §419.) 

2.  Settling  tank.  At  the  close  ot  each  day,  all  volatile  inflammable  oils  remaining 
in  the  wash  tank  and  extractors,  shall  be  transferred  through  continuous  piping  to 
an  underground  tank.  Volatile  inflammable  oils  in  a  dry  cleaning  and  dry  dyeing 
establishment  shall  not  be  kept  outside  the  dry  cleaning  room  except  in  an  approved 
storage  system,  and  shall  not  be  transferred  except  by  pumping  directly  from  an  ap¬ 
proved  storage  system.  (O.  R.,  §433;  amended  by  ord.  effective  May  25,  1915.) 

3.  (Repealed  by  ord.  effective  May  25,  1915.) 

4.  “Wash  tank ”  room.  Each  room  or  compartment  wherein  a  “washing  tank” 
is  located  shall  be  properly  ventilated,  and  shall  be  equipped  with  self-closing  fireproof 
doors  and  windows  that  can  be  easily  opened  from  the  outside.  (O.  R.,  §431.) 

5.  Asbestos  cloths  or  blankets.  Each  room  or  compartment  in  which  a  washing 
tank  is  located  shall  be  equipped  with  one  or  more  asbestos  cloths  or  blankets  to 
smother  fire,  the  number  and  size  of  which  shall  be  prescribed  by  the  fire  commis¬ 
sioner.  (Added  by  ord.  effective  May  25,  1915.) 

6.  Portable  containers.  All  portable  containers  used  to  convey  goods  from 
washer  to  extractors  shall  be  equipped  with  rubber  tired  rollers,  wooden  or  fibre 
rollers  or  wooden  bottoms.  (Added  by  ord.  effective  May  25,  1915.) 

7.  Extractors.  All  extractors  shall  be  constructed  so  that  the  gasoline  extracted 
shall  flow  by  gravity  through  the  pipe  into  the  settling  tank  of  an  approved  storage 
system.  (Added  by  ord.  effective  May  25,  1915.) 

8.  Drying  tumblers.  Drying  tumblers  shall  not  be  permitted  in  rooms  containing 
wash  tanks,  and  shall  be  independently  connected  with  the  outer  air  in  the  manner 
prescribed  for  drying  rooms.  In  no  case  shall  they  be  heated  above  150°  F.  (Added 
by  ord.  effective  May  25,  1915.) 

9.  Containers  or  dezhces.  Proper  containers  or  devices  to  prevent  or  extinguish 
fire  may  be  prescribed  by  the  fire  commissioner,  who  may  issue  certificates  of  approval 
for  such  devices.  (Added  by  ord.  effective  May  25,  1915.) 

§178.  Operation. 

1.  Settling ,  filtering  and  distilling.  All  volatile  inflammable  oil  which  has  been 
used  in  the  process  of  dry  cleaning  or  dry  dyeing  shall  be  settled,  filtered  or  distilled 
in  a  machine  or  apparatus,  of  a  type  for  which  a  certificate  of  approval  shall  have 
been  issued.  (O.  R.,  §434.) 

2.  Sewer  protection.  No  person  shall  discharge  any  volatile  inflammable  oil  into 
any  public  drain  or  sewer.  (O.  R.,  §435.) 

3.  Supervision.  The  operation  of  a  dry  cleaning  or  dry  dyeing  establishment 

shall  be  continuously  under  the  care  and  supervision  of  a  person  holding  a  certificate 
of  fitness  as  manager  thereof.  The  number  of  persons  required  to  hold  such  certifi¬ 
cates  shall  be  determined  by  the  fire  commissioner  and  stated  in  the  permit,  but  in 
no  case  shall  there  be  required  more  than  3.  (O.  R.,  §417;  amended  by  ord.  effective 

May  25,  1915.) 

§179.  Fire  prevention. 

1.  Steam  extinguishing  appliances.  Each  room  or  compartment  where  in  a  “wash¬ 
ing  tank”  is  located  shall  be  equipped  with  an  approved  steam  fire  extinguishing  sys- 


271 


CHAP.  10,  ART  14,  SEC.  190. 


tem,  the  supply  valve  for  which  shall  be  placed  on  the  outside  of  the  washing  room, 
with  one  valve  so  arranged  that  the  steam  can  be  instantaneously  turned  on.  (O.  R., 
§432.) 

2.  Buckets  of  sand.  Each  premises  in  which  a  dry  cleaning  or  dry  dyeing  estab¬ 
lishment  is  located  shall  be  equipped  with  fire  buckets  filled  with  sand  and  kept  on 
each  floor,  for  use  in  extinguishing  fire.  A  quantity  of  sand  shall  also  be  kept  on 
each  floor  for  absorbing  waste  oils.  The  number  of  buckets  and  the  quantity  of  sand 
to  be  so  kept  shall  be  determined  by  the  fire  commissioner  and  stated  in  the  permit. 
(O.  R.,  §440.) 

3.  Artificial  lighting.  No  system  of  artificial  lighting  other  than  incandescent 
electric  lights\shall  be  installed  in  any  building,  or  any  portion  thereof,  used  as  a  dry 
cleaning  and  dry  dyeing  establishment,  unless  it  be  of  a  type  for  which  a  certificate  of 
approval  shall  have  been  issued.  All  incandescent  lights  shall  be  fitted  with  keyless 
sockets,  and  all  electric  switches  and  plugs  shall  be  placed  at  least  4  feet  above  the 
floor.  All  electric  switches  shall  be  placed  outside  the  room  containing  wash  tanks 
and  outside  all  drying  rooms.  (O.  R.,  §436;  amended  by  ord.  effective  May  25,  1915.) 

4.  Exposed  flame  or  spark.  No  stoves,  forge,  torch  or  other  device  employing 
flame  or  fire,  nor  any  electric  or  other  apparatus  which  is  likely  to  produce  an  ex¬ 
posed  spark,  shall  be  allowed  in  any  building,  or  any  portion  thereof,  used  as  a  dry 
cleaning  or  dry  dyeing  establishment,  unless  it  be  placed  in  a  room  or  compartment 
separated  from  the  remainder  of  the  building  by  a  partition  constructed  of  fire  retard¬ 
ing  material  and  provided  with  a  self-closing  fireproof  door;  provided,  however,  that 
electric  motors  may  be  of  the  fully  enclosed  type  or  provided  with  an  approved  type 
“A”  (fire  department  specifications)  motor  enclosure;  the  terminal  blocks  also  shall 
be  protected.  No  boiler  or  furnace  shall  be  located  in  any  such  dry  cleaning  and 
dry  dyeing  establishment  unless  separated  from  the  remainder  of  the  building  by  an 
unpierced  fireproof  wall  consisting  of  solid  masonry,  or  its  equivalent,  of  at  least  8 
inches  in  thickness ;  provided,  however,  that  where  the  construction  of  such  unpierced 
wall  shall  be  impracticable,  the  fire  commissioner  may  permit  such  openings  in  the 
wall  as  may  be  necessary,  and  prescribe  such  protection  therefor  as  in  his  judgment 
the  particular  case  shall  require.  (O.  R.,  §437;  amended  by  ord.  effective  May  25, 
1915.) 

5.  Carrying  matches.  No  person  shall  carry  matches  into  any  room  or  compart¬ 
ment  in  which  volatile  inflammable  oil  is  used  or  stored,  and  the  person  holding  the 
certificate  of  fitness  as  the  manager  of  the  establishment  shall  be  responsible  for  the 
enforcement  of  this  section.  He  shall  also  see  that  all  clothing  intended  to  be  dry 
cleaned  is  searched  and  all  matches  removed  therefrom,  before  being  brought  into 
the  compartments  where  volatile  inflammable  oils  are  stored  or  used.  (O.  R.,  §438; 
amended  by  ord.  effective  May  25,  1915.) 

^ARTICLE  14. 

Motor  Cycle  Repair  Shops  and  Storage  Places. 

Section  190.  Permit. 

191.  Restrictions. 

192.  Fire  prevention. 

§190.  Permit. 

Except  upon  premises  for  which  a  permit  has  been  issued  under  this  article,  no 
person  shall  conduct  a  repair  shop  for  motor  cycles,  nor  store,  house  or  keep,  nor 
receive  for  storage,  housing  or  keeping,  more  than  four  motor  cycles  containing 

*Added  by  ord.  Feb.  20,  1917.  In  effect  Jan.  1,  1918. 


272 


EXPLOSIVES  AND  HAZARDOUS  TRADES. 


gasoline  in  their  fuel  tanks ;  provided,  however,  that  such  a  permit  shall  not  be 
required  for  premises  used  as  a  garage  under  a  permit  duly  issued  therefor,  nor 
for  premises  used  for  the  storage  or  repair  of  motor  cycles  owned  and  operated 
by  members  of  but  one  family. 

§191.  Restrictions. 

1.  Storage  of  oil.  Such  permit  shall  state  the  amount  of  kerosene  and  lubri¬ 
cating  oils  which  may  be  stored  on  such  premises,  which  amount  shall  not  be  exceeded. 

2.  Basement  premises.  No  permit  shall  be  granted  for  premises  below  the 
grade  story  of  any  building. 

3.  Tenement  houses,  etc.  No  permit  shall  be  issued  for  any  premises  situated 
in  any  tenement  house,  hotel  or  frame  building,  or  in  any  non-fireproof  building-  in 
which  there  is  a  factory  or  place  of  public  assemblage,  unless : 

(a)  The  compartment  enclosing  such  premises  is  of  fire  retarding  material 
throughout,  including  doors  and  windows,  and 

(b)  All  doors  and  windows  opening  from  each  compartment  into  othed  portions 
of  the  building  are  self-closing. 

192.  Fire  prevention. 

In  all  premises  for  which  a  permit  is  issued  under  this  article,  the  following 
regulations  shall  be  complied  with: 

(a)  No  gasoline,  except  that  in  the  fuel  tanks  of  motor  cycles,  shall  be  per¬ 
mitted  on  the  premises  and  such  fuel  tanks  shall  not  be  opened,  drawn  from  or  filled 
on  the  premises ; 

(b)  No  coal  or  oil  burning  stove  shall  be  used; 

(c)  No  motor  cycle  or  part  thereof  shall,  under  any  circumstances,  be  cleaned 
by  the  use  of  gasoline; 

(d)  Only  electric  lights  shall  be  used,  the  bulbs  of  which  shall  be  enclosed  in 
wire  cages  or  otherwise  properly  protected  in  a  manner  approved  by  the  Fire  Com¬ 
missioner. 

Except  under  special  authority  from  the  Fire  Commissioner,  no  gas  or  open 
flame  shall  be  used  for  heating,  lighting,  or  repair  purposes. 

(e)  Fire  pails,  filled  with  sand,  approved  fire  extinguishers  and  “no  smoking”' 
signs  shall  be  provided  in  such  number  as  the  Fire  Commissioner  may  require. 

ARTICLE  15. 

Paints,  Varnishes  and  Lacquers. 

Section  200.  Permit. 

201.  Restrictions. 

202.  Volatile  inflammable  oil. 

§200.  Permit. 

No  person  shall  manufacture,  store  or  keep  for  sale  paints,  varnishes  or  lacquers 
or  any  other  substances,  mixtures  and  compounds  commonly  used  for  painting,  var¬ 
nishing,  staining  or  other  similar  purposes,  in  quantities  greater  than  20  gallons,  with¬ 
out  a  permit.  (O.  R.,  §450.) 

§201.  Restrictions. 

No  permit  for  the  manufacture,  mixing  or  compounding  of  paints,  varnishes  or 
lacquers  shall  be  issued  for  any  premises — 

(a)  Which  are  situated  within  50  feet  of  the  nearest  wall  of  a  building  occupied 
as  a  school,  theatre  or  other  place  of  public  amusement  or  assembly; 


273 


CHAP.  10,  ARTS.  15-16 ,  SECS.  202-207. 

(b)  Which  are  occupied  as  a  tenement  house,  dwelling,  hotel,  workshop  or 
factory ; 

(c)  Which  are  artificially  lighted  by  any  means  other  than  electricity; 

(d)  Where  drugs,  cigars,  cigarettes  or  tobaccos  are  kept  for  sale; 

(e)  Where  drygoods  or  other  highly  inflammable  materials  are  manufactured, 
stored  or  kept  for  sale.  (O.  R.,  §452.) 

§202.  Volatile  inflammable  oil. 

No  permit  shall  be  issued  for  the  storage  and  sale  of  volatile  inflammable  oil  in 
any  paint  shop,  in  a  tenement  house,  nor  for  the  storage  of  such  oil  in  excess  of  20 
gallons  in  any  building  occupied  by  2  families,  nor  for  the  storage  of  such  oil  in 
excess  of  55  gallons  in  any  building  occupied  as  a  dwelling  by  1  family.  (Added 
by  ord.  effective  May  25,  1915.) 


ARTICLE  16. 

Calcium  Carbide. 

Section  205.  Permit. 

206.  Conditions. 

207.  Restrictions. 

§205.  Permit. 

No  person  shall  store  or  keep  calcium  carbide  in  excess  of  120  pounds  without 
a  permit.  (O.  R.,  §455.) 

§206.  Conditions. 

1.  Containers.  Each  can,  drum  or  container  for  holding  calcium  carbide  shall 
be  constructed  of  tin,  iron  or  steel,  without  the  use  of  solder.  .  It  shall  be  closed  in 
such  manner  as  to  be  air-  and  water-tight,  and  shall  be  conspicuously  marked  CAR¬ 
BIDE-DANGEROUS  IF  NOT  KEPT  DRY.  (O.  R.,  §§460,  461.) 

2.  Place.  Calcium  carbide,  in  excess  of  600  lbs.,  shall  be  stored  in  approved 
metal  packages  above  the  ground  in  one-story  buildings,  without  cellar  or  basement, 
and  used  exclusively  for  the  storage  of  calcium  carbide.  Such  buildings  shall  be  con¬ 
structed  to  be  dry,  waterproof  and  well  ventilated,  and  shall  be  located  outside  con¬ 
gested  mercantile  or  manufacturing  districts.  If  the  storage  building  is  of  incom¬ 
bustible  construction,  it  may  adjoin  other  1  story  buildings  if  separated  therefrom 
by  an  unpierced  fire  wall ;  if  the  storage  building  be  a  detached  structure  and 
located  less  than  10  feet  from  such  1  story  buildings,  there  shall  be  no  openings 
in  the  adjacent  sides  of  either  building.  If  the  carbide  storage  building  is  of  com¬ 
bustible  construction,  it  must  not  be  within  20  feet  of  other  1  story  or  2  story  build¬ 
ings,  nor  within  30  feet  of  other  buildings  over  2  stories.  (O.  R.,  §458;  amended 
by  ord.  effective  May  25,  1915.) 

3.  Warning.  A  building  used  for  such  storage  shall  have  a  sign  conspicuously 
displayed  on  the  outside  thereof,  bearing  in  letters,  at  least  12  inches  high,  the  words 
CALCIUM  CARBIDE— USE  NO  WATER.  (O.  R,  §459.) 

§207.  Restrictions. 

No  permit  shall  be  issued  for  the  storage  of  calcium  carbide  in  excess  of  600 
pounds  in  any  building — 

(a)  Which  is  not  used  exclusively  for  such  storage; 

(b)  Which  is  situated  within  50  feet  of  the  nearest  wall  of  any  building  occu¬ 
pied  as  a  hospital,  school,  theatre,  or  other  place  of  public  amusement  or  assembly; 

(c)  Which  is  of  wooden  construction.  (O.  R.,  §457.) 

274 


EXPLOSIVES  AND  HAZARDOUS  TRADES. 


ARTICLE  17. 


Gases  Under  Pressure. 

Section  210.  Permit. 


211.  Compressing. 

212.  Acetylene. 

213.  Oxygen  blow-pipes. 

214.  Regulatin  governing  the  manufacture  and  handling  of  soda  water 

and  carbonated  beverages. 

214a.  Liquefied  chlorine. 


§210.  Permit. 

No  person  shall  compress,  generate,  store,  or  sell  any  acetylene,  Blaugas,  Pintsch 
gas  or  other  gases  and  mixtures  of  gases  or  transport  through  a  pipe  from  one  locality 
to  another  any  gas,  unless  otherwise  herein  provided  for,  at  a  pressure  exceeding  6 
pounds  to  the  square  inch,  or  atmospheric  air  to  a  pressure  exceeding  100  pounds  to 
the  square  inch,  nor  in  quantities  exceeding  a  total  container  capacity  of  30  cubic  feet, 
without  a  permit.  (O.  R.,  §§463,  464;  amended  by  ord.  effective  July  16,  1915.) 

§211.  Compressing. 

1.  Capacity.  No  person  shall  store  for  sale  any  gas  compressed  to  a  pressure 
greater  than  6  pounds  to  the  square  inch  without  a  permit,  except  the  following : 

(a)  Nitrous  oxide  or  oxygen  for  use  for  medical  or  surgical  purposes  in  quan¬ 
tities  not  exceeding  a  total  container  capacity  of  5  cubic  feet  for  both  gases,  and  in 
containers  none  of  which  shall  have  a  capaciiy  exceeding  2.5  cubic  feet; 

(b)  Combustible  gases  under  pressure  exceeding  15  pounds  per  square  inch,  such 
as  Blaugas  and  acetylene,  in  quantities  not  exceeding  500  cubic  feet  gas  measure  and 
in  containers  none  of  which  shall  have  a  capacity  exceeding  2.5  cubic  feet ; 

(c)  Non-combustible  liquefied  gases,  except  chlorine,  in  quantities  not  exceeding 
a  total  container  capacity  of  1  cubic  foot,  and  in  containers  none  of  which  shall 
have  a  capacity  exceeding  200  cubic  inches. 

No  person  shall  use  or  store  for  use  within  the  city  any  gas  compressed  to  a 
pressure  greater  than  6  pounds  to  the  square  inch,  without  a  permit,  except : 

(d)  Non-combustible,  non-liquefied  gases,  such  as  atmospheric  air,  oxygen,  carbon 
dioxide,  nitrous  oxide,  compressed  to  a  pressure  not  exceeding  100  pounds  to  the 
square  inch  and  in  quantities  not  exceeding  a  total  container  capacity  of  30  cubic  feet; 

(e)  Non-combustible,  non-liquefied  gases,  such  as  atmospheric  air,  oxygen,  nitrous 
oxide,  niotrogen,  compressed  to  a  pressure  not  exceeding  300  pounds  to  the  square  inch 
and  in  quantities  not  exceeding  a  total  container  capacity  of  30  cubic  feet,  and  in  con¬ 
tainers  of  which  none  shall  have  a  capacity  exceeding  6  cubic  feet; 

(f)  Non-combustible,  non-liquefied  p-ascs,  such  as  atmospheric  air,  oxygen  or 
nitrogen,  compressed  to  a  pressure  exceeding  300  pounds  to  the  square  inch  and  in 
quantities  not  exceeding  a  total  container  capacity  of  20  cubic  feet,  and  in  containers 
none  of  which  shall  have  a  capacity  exceeding  2  5  cubic  feet; 

(g)  Combustible,  non-liquefied,  non-absorbed  gases,  such  as  hydrogen,  illuminat¬ 
ing  gas,  compressed  to  a  pressure  not  exceeding  300  pounds  to  the  square  inch,  and 
in  quantities  not  exceeding  a  total  container  capacity  of  30  cubic  feet  and  in  con¬ 
tainers  none  of  which  shall  have  a  capacity  exceeding  6  cubic  feet; 

(h)  Combustible,  non-liquefied,  non-absorbed  gases,  such  as  hydrogen,  illuminat¬ 
ing  gas,  compressed  to  a  pressure  exceeding  300  pounds  to  the  square  inch  and  in 
quantities  not  exceeding  a  total  container  capacity  of  10  cubic  feet,  and  in  containers 
none  of  which  shall  have  a  capacity  exceeding  2.5  cubic  feet; 

(i)  Soda  water  tanks  containing  carbonic  acid  under  pressure  not  exceeding  150 
pounds  to  the  square  inch,  and  in  quantities  not  exceeding  a  total  container  capacity 

275 


CHAP.  10,  ART.  17,  SEC.  211. 

of  20  cubic  feet,  and  in  containers  none  of  which  shall  have  a  capacity  exceeding  2  cubic 
feet; 

(j)  Absorbed  acetylene,  under  pressure  not  exceeding  250  pounds  to  the  square 
inch,  and  in  quantities  not  exceeding  a  total  container  capacity  of  10  cubic  feet,  and 
in  containers  none  of  which  shall  have  a  capacity  exceeding  2.5  cubic  feet ; 

(k)  Non-combustible  liquefied  gases,  except  ammonia  and  chlorine,  such  as  nitrous 
oxide,  carbonic  acid,  sulphur  dioxide,  in  quantities  not  exceeding  a  total  container 
capacity  of  12  cubic  feet,  and  in  containers  none  of  which  shall  have  a  capacity  exceed¬ 
ing  1.5  cubic  feet.  Anhydrous  liquid  ammonia  not  exceeding  a  total  container  capacity 
of  12  cubic  feet,  and  in  containers  none  of  which  shall  have  a  capacity  exceeding  5.5 
cubic  feet,  except  as  otherwise  provided  in  these  regulations; 

(l)  Combustible,  liquefied  gases,  such  as  blaugas,  in  quantities  not  exceeding  a 
total  container  capacity  of  8  cubic  feet,  and  in  containers  none  of  which  shall  have  a 
capacity  exceeding  1.5  cubic  feet.  (O.  R.,  §468;  amended  by  ord.  effective  July  16, 
1915 ;  amended  by  ords.  effective  Sept.  18,  1917.) 

2.  Certificate  of  fitness.  No  gas  shall  be  compressed  or  generated  to  a  pressure 
greater  than  15  pounds  to  the  square  inch,  unless  under  the  supervision  of  a  person 
holding  a  certificate  of  fitness.  (O.  R.,  §466;  amended  by  ord.  effective  July  16,  1915.) 

3.  Construction.  All  tanks  and  cylinders  used  for  the  storage  of  gas  under 
pressure  shall  be  constructed  of  rolled,  drawn  or  forged  steel,  and  shall  be  either 
seamless,  brazed,  welded  or  riveted.  Containers  now  in  use  and  purchased  hereafter 
for  storing  or  transporting  compressed  gases,  must  be  subjected,  whenever  they 
appear  materially  weakened  by  use,  but  at  least  once  in  5  years  to  a  uniform  interior 
pressure  test,  in  which  the  test  pressure  must  be  'as  follows : 

For  containers  for  liquid  carbonic  acid,  liquid  nitrous  oxide,  or  blaugas,  3,000 
pounds  to  the  square  inch; 

For  containers  for  liquid  anhydrous  ammonia,  not  less  than  430  pounds  to  the 
square  inch; 

For  containers  for  liquid  chlorine,  not  less  than  400  pounds  to  the  square  inch ; 

For  containers  for  liquid  sulphur  dioxide,  not  less  than  250  pounds  to  the  square 
inch ; 

For  containers  for  carbonated  beverages  in  use  at  time  of  passage  of  this  ordi¬ 
nance,  not  less  than  300  pounds  to  the  square  inch; 

For  containers  for  carbonated  beverages  manufactured  and  placed  in  use  after 
September  1,  1917,  not  less  than  500  pounds  to  the  square  inch ; 

For  containers  for  compressed  gases,  not  liquefied  and  not  absorbed,  not  less  than 
twice  the  charging  pressure  at  70°  F.,  unless  such  test  pressure  should  exceed  600 
pounds,  in  which  case  the  test  pressure  shall  be  not  less  than  \2/$  times  the  charging 
pressure  and  70°  F. ; 

A  cylinder  must  be  condemned  when  it  leaks,  or  when  the  permanent  expansion 
exceeds  10  per  cent,  of  the  total  expansion.  When  the  charging  pressure  is  less  than 
300  pounds  to  the  square  inch,  it  will  not  be  necessary  to  measure  the  permanent 
expansion  in  quinquennial  pressure  tests  provided  the  cylinder  in  question  has  pre¬ 
viously  passed  this  test.  All  containers  used  for  storage  and  transportation  of  com¬ 
pressed  gases,  under  more  than  15  pounds  pressure  to  the  square  inch,  must  be  plainly 
stamped  with  the  date  of  the  last  test;  for  example,  “9-13”  for  September,  1913. 
Containers  that  have  not  been  tested  and  marked  as  prescribed  herein  must  not  be 
charged  or  transported  until  properly  tested  and  marked.  (O.  R.,  §470;  amended  by 
ord.  effective  July  16,  1915;  amended  by  ord.  effective  Sept.  18,  1917.) 

4.  Containers;  certificate  of  approval.  No  person  shall  transport,  store  or  sell 
any  gas  compressed  to  a  pressure  greater  than  15  pounds  to  the  square  inch,  except 
it  be  contained  in  a  metal  tank,  cylinder  or  other  metal  container,  of  a  type  approved 


276 


EXPLOSIVES  AND  HAZARDOUS  TRADES. 


by  the  fire  commissioner  or  the  interstate  commerce  commission.  (O.  R.,  §467 ; 
amended  by  ord.  effective  July  16,  1915.) 

5.  Pressure  gauge.  Containers,  used  for  the  storage  of  gas  under  pressure  of 
more  than  15  pounds  to  the  square  inch,  shall  be  provided  with  a  pressure  gauge  or 
with  an  opening  to  which  such  gauge  may  be  attached,  for  determining  the  pressure 
of  the  gas  in  the  container.  No  container  exceeding  12  inches  in  length,  containing 
liquefied  gases,  gases  in  solution  or  other  gases  under  a  pressure  of  more  than  15 
pounds  per  square  inch  at  70°  F.,  except  anhydrous  ammonia,  shall  be  filled  within  the 
city,  except  for  immediate  export;  nor  shall  any  such  filled  cylinder  be  brought  into 
the  city  unless  it  be  equipped  with  a  safety  device  or  fusible  plug,  of  a  type  approved 
by  the  fire  commissioner  or  interstate  commerce  commission,  to  prevent  the  explosion 
of  a  normally  charged  cylinder  when  placed  in  a  fire.  (O.  R.,  §471;  amended  by  ord. 
effective  July  16,  1915.) 

6.  Stamped.  Each  container,  used  for  the  storage  or  transportation  of  gas  under 
pressure,  shall  have  plainly  and  permanently  marked  thereon  the  name  of  the  original 
purchaser  or  manufacturer,  or  a  mark  by  which  the  ownership  or  responsibility  for 
filling  the  container  can  easily  be  established,  and  each  container  shall  be  identified  by 
a  serial  number.  When  containers  are  tested  a  complete  record  shall  be  kept  thereof, 
and  this  record,  or  a  certified  copy  thereof  shall,  upon  reasonable  notice  and  demand, 
be  produced  for  the  inspection  of  the  interstate  commerce  commission  or  the  fire  com¬ 
missioner.  (O.  R.,  §465;  amended  by  ord.  effective  July  16,  1915.) 

7.  (Repealed  by  ord.  effective  July  16,  1915.) 

§212.  Acetylene. 

1.  Approval  of  generator.  No  person  shall  generate  acetylene,  except  in  a  gen¬ 
erator  or  other  suitable  apparatus  of  a  type  for  which  a  certificate  of  approval  shall 
have  been  issued;  provided,  however,  that  nothing  contained  in  this  section  shall  be 
construed  as  requiring  a  certificate  of  approval  for  an  acetylene  generator  having  a 
carbide  capacity  not  exceeding  5  pounds.  (O.  R.,  §478.) 

2.  Containing  building.  Each  building  or  compartment  used  for  the  generation 
and  compression  of  acetylene,  to  a  pressure  greater  than  15  pounds  to  the  square  inch, 
shall  be  constructed  of  fire-resisting  material  throughout,  and  shall  be  used  for  no 
other  purpose.  (O.  R.,  §§482,  486.) 

3.  Stationary  apparatus.  Each  stationary  apparatus  for  generating  acetylene  shall 
be  equipped  with  liquid  seals,  a  safety  valve,  a  blow-off  valve  or  other  automatic 
appliance  for  limiting  the  pressure  of  the  gas  to  not  more  than  15  pounds  to  the  square 
inch  at  a  temperature  of  70  degrees  F.  The  apparatus  shall  be  installed  in  a  waterproof 
compartment  having  the  floor,  walls  and  roof  of  brick  or  reinforced  concrete.  The  size 
of  such  compartment  shall  not  exceed  that  required  to  allow  the  free  operation  of 
the  apparatus  and  the  storage  of  the  necessary  carbide.  Each  such  apparatus  shall 
bear  the  name  of  the  manufacturer  and  the  year  of  its  manufacture,  and  shall  be 
identified  by  a  serial  number.  (O.  R.,  §§483-485.) 

4.  Compression.  No  person  shall  compress  acetylene,  nor  transport,  store  or  sell 
acetylene  compressed  to  a  greater  pressure  than  250  pounds  to  the  square  inch  at 
a  temperature  of  70  degrees  F.  JO.  R.,  §§480,  481.) 

5.  Dissolving  and  absorbing.  No  person  shall  generate,  transport,  store  or  sell 
acetylene  compressed  to  a  pressure  greater  than  15  pounds  to  the  square  inch,  except 
when  it  be  dissolved  in  acetone,  or  other  similar  solvent,  and  simultaneously  absorbed 
into  asbestos  or  other  suitable  porous  material,  and  confined  in  a  tank  or  cylinder  of 
a  type  for  which  a  certificate  of  approval  shall  have  been  issued.  (O.  R.,  §479.) 

6.  Liquid.  No  person  shall  generate,  manufacture,  transport,  store  or  sell  any 
liquid  acetylene.  (O.  R.,  §474.) 


277 


CHAP.  10,  ART.  17,  SECS.  213-214a. 


7.  Residue  of  carbide.  All  solid  residue  of  calcium  carbide  shall  be  promptly 
removed  from  the  building  and  disposed  of;  and  no  person  shall  discharge  any  such 
residue  into  public  drain  or  sewer.  (  O.  R.,  §490.) 

8.  Storage  tanks  All  tanks  and  cylinders  used  for  the  storage  of  acetylene 
under  pressure,  having  originally  passed  the  required  test,  shall  be  exempt  from  the 
quinquennial  test,  but  shall  be  designed  and  constructed  to  withstand  a  pressure 
of  1,200  pounds  to  the  square  inch  without  rupture,  and  to  withstand  a  pressure  of 
at  least  550  pounds  to  the  square  inch  without  exhibiting  strain  beyond  the  point  of 
usefulness.  Each  tank  and  cylinder,  used  for  the  storage  of  acetylene  under  pressure, 
shall  be  tested  to  withstand  a  pressure  of  500  lbs.  to  the  square  inch;  and  no  person 
shall  generate,  transport,  store  or  sell  acetylene  in  an  apparatus,  tank  or  other  con¬ 
tainer  in  the  construction  of  which  unalloyed  copper  is  used.  No  tank  or  cylinder 
containing  acetylene  in  quantities  aggregating  more  than  2,500  cubic  feet  shall  be 
stored  in  any  building  except  under  a  special  permit.  Acetylene  contained  in  tanks 
or  cylinders,  attached  to  vehicles  and  ready  for  use,  shall  not  be  included  in  com¬ 
puting  the  quantity  stored  in  any  building.  (O.  R.,  §§469,  470,  475-477 ;  amended  by 
ord.  effective  July  16,  1915.) 

9.  Use  in  public  entertainment.  No  person  shall  generate  acetylene  in  connec¬ 
tion  with  a  motion  picture  show  or  exhibition  or  other  public  entertainment.  (O.  R., 
§489.) 

10.  Ventilating,  heating  and  lighting.  Each  building  or  compartment  used  for 
the  generation  or  compression  of  acetylene  shall  be  well  ventilated,  shall  be  heated 
only  by  steam  or  hot  water,  and  shall  not  be  artificially  lighted  except  by  electric 
lights  having  air  tight  bulbs,  globes  or  tubes.  (O.  R.,  §488.) 

11.  Fire  prevention.  No  stove,  forge,  torch,  boiler,  furnace,  flame  or  fire,  and  no 
electric  or  other  appliance  which  is  hkely  to  produce  an  exposed  spark  shall  be  allowed 
in  any  compartment  used  for  the  generation  or  compression  of  acetylene.  (O.  R., 
§487.) 

§213.  Oxygen  blow=pipes. 

1.  Certificate  of  approval.  No  person  shall  use  oxygen  and  a  combustible  gas 
for  heating,  melting  or  welding,  except  in  or  through  a  blow  pipe  or  other  similar 
device  or  apparatus,  of  a  type  for  which  a  certificate  of  approval  shall  have  been 
issued.  (O.  R.,  §493.) 

2.  Certificate  of  fitness.  No  perron  shall  operate  a  blow-pipe  or  other  similar 
device  or  apparatus  for  heating,  melting  or  welding  without  a  certificate  of  fitness. 
(Amended  by  ord.  effective  Feb.  13,  1917.) 

3.  Permit.  No  person  shall  use  oxygen'  in  combination  with  a  combustible  gas, 
in  or  through  a  blow-pipe  or  other  similar  device,  for  heating,  melting  or  welding, 
without  a  permit.  (O.  R.,  §491.) 

4.  Portable  generators.  No  person  shall  use  a  portable  generator  in  any  building, 
for  the  purpose  of  supplying  gas  to  a  blow-pipe  or  other  similar  device  or  appara¬ 
tus,  except  where  a  certificate  of  approval  for  the  generator  has  been  issued,  and,  then 
only,  when  a  special  permit  has  been  issued  for  its  use.  (O.  R.,  §492.) 

§214.  Regulation  governing  the  manufacture  and  handling  of  soda  water  and 
carbonated  beverages. 

1.  No  person  shall  transfer  carbonic  acid  from  a  container,  with  a  pressure  of 
more  than  300  pounds  per  square  inch,  into  a  container  of  glass  or  metal,  not 
capable  of  resisting  a  pressure  equal  to  that  in  the  original  container,  without  a 
permit  from  the  fire  commissioner. 

2.  No  person  shall  transfer  carbonic  acid  from  a  container,  with  a  pressure  of 
more  than  300  pounds  per  square  inch,  into  a  vessel  or  container  of  glass  or  metal, 


278 


EXPLOSIVES  AND  HAZARDOUS  TRADES. 


not  capable  of  resisting  a  pressure  equal  to  that  of  the  original  container,  without 
interposing  between  the  two  containers  a  pressure  reducing  and  regulating  device 
and  between  the  said  pressure  reducing  and  regulating  device  and  a  weaker  container 
a  safety  device  of  a  type  approved  by  the  fire  commissioner. 

3.  No  person  shall  transfer  carbonic  acid  from  a  container  with  a  pressure  of 
more  than  300  pounds  per  square  inch  into  any  vessel  or  container  of  glass  or  metal 
without  a  certificate  of  fitness.  (Added  by  ord.  effective  July  3,  1917.) 

§214a.  Liquefied  chlorine. 

1.  Permit  required.  No  person,  firm  or  corporation  shall  store,  sell,  use  or 
transport  any  liquefied  chlorine  without  a  permit. 

2.  Certificate  of  fitness.  No  liquefied  chlorine  shall  be  used  except  under  the 
constant  supervision  of  a  person  holding  a  certificate  of  fitness. 

3.  Compression.  No  chlorine  gas  shall  be  compressed  in  The  City  of  New 
York. 

4.  Storage  and  use.  Liquefied  chlorine  gas  may  be  stored  only  in  quantities 
specified  by  the  fire  commissioner  and  under  the  following  conditions : 

(a)  In  approved  fireproof  buildings  used  exclusively  for  the  storage  of  liquefied 
chlorine.  Such  buildings  shall  be  approved  only  when  all  the  materials  entering 
into  their  construction,  including  flooring  and  trim  and  partitions,  whether  temporary 
or  permanent,  are  incombustible  in  character. 

(b)  In  enclosed  lots  or  yards  in  sparsely  settled  sections,  in  the  discretion  of 
the  fire  commissioner  and  under  such  restrictions  as  he  may  deem  necessary. 

(c)  In  buildings  used  for  other  purposes  than  the  storage  of  liquefied  chlorine, 
on  the  ground  floor  only,  provided  the  containers  of  liquefied  chlorine  are  located 
in  a  room  or  compartment  constructed  of  fireproof  or  fire  retarding  material,  which 
is  easily  accessible  from  the  street  or  yard.  If  the  room  or  compartment  is  not 
easily  accessible  from  street  or  yard,  it  shall  be  provided  with  an  approved  auto¬ 
matic  sprinkler  system,  by  means  of  which  the  compartment  may  be  readily  flooded 
with  water,  all  of  which  shall  be  in  accordance  with  plans  approved  by  the  fire 
commissioner.  The  cylinders  of  chlorine  gas  may  be  placed  in  a  receptacle,  approved 
by  the  fire  commissioner,  so  arranged  as  to  be  automatically  flooded  with  cold  water 
from  a  reliable  source  in  case  of  fire. 

(d)  No  permit  shall  be  issued  for  the  use  of  liquefied  chlorine  above  the  grade 
floor,  except  in  a  building  occupied  exclusively  by  the  person,  firm  or  corporation 
using  the  liquefied  chlorine  and  protected  by  an  approved  automatic  sprinkler  system, 
except  that  in  special  cases  where  the  use  of  liquefied  chlorine  existed  prior  to  the 
adoption  of  these  regulations  this  requirement  might  be  waived  by  the  fire  com¬ 
missioner. 

(e)  The  number  of  liquefied  gas  cylinders  permitted  above  the  grade  floor  shall 
not  in  any  case  exceed  in  number  twice  the  number  actually  connected  and  in  use  at 
any  one  time  and  the  cylinders  shall  be  supported  from  the  ground  in  such  manner 
as  not  to  be  dependent  for  support  upon  any  non-fireproof  portion  of  the  building 
construction. 

(f)  No  permit  shall  be  issued  for  the  storage  or  use  of  liquefied  chlorine  in  any 
building  used  for  a  hotel,  lodging  house,  tenement  house,  or  dwelling,  or  in  any 
building,  lot  or  enclosure  located  within  50  feet  of  the  nearest  wall  of  a  building 
occupied  as  a  hospital,  school,  theatre  or  other  place  of  public  amusement  or  assembly. 

6.  Sale.  No  person,  firm  or  corporation  shall  sell  any  liquefied  chlorine  for 
use  within  the  City  of  New  York,  unless  the  purchaser  thereof  holds  a  permit  to 
store  or  use  liquefied  chlorine.  (Added  by  ord.  effective  Sept.  18,  1917.)  (Sec.  No. 
changed  by  ord.  effective  April  6,  1918.) 


279 


CHAP .  10,  ART.  18,  SECS.  216-219. 


♦ARTICLE  18. 


Section  216. 

217. 

218. 

219. 

220. 
221. 


Refrigerating  Plants. 

Permits. 

Refrigerating  plants. 

Pressure. 

Lights. 

Precautions. 

Exemptions. 


§216.  Permits. 

Except  as  hereinafter  provided  in  this  article,  it  shall  be  unlawful  to  operate 
within  the  city  any  plant  producing  refrigeration  by  means  of  g„ases  under  pressure,  in 
connection  with  cold  storage  plants,  breweries,  ice  manufacturies,  hotels,  restaurants 
or  other  places,  without  a  permit. 

§217.  Refrigerating  plants. 

1.  Construction.  Each  refrigerating  plant  shall  be  equipped  with  an  emergency 
pipe  or  pipes  by  which,  in  case  of  accident,  the  gas  under  pressure  can  be  discharged 
by  a  valve  which  can  be  opened,  both  inside  and  outside  the  refrigerating  plant,  into 
water,  or  brought  into  contact  with  sufficient  water  to  absorb  and  carry  off  all  gases 
so  discharged.  At  the  discretion  of  the  fire  commissioner,  the  emergency  pipe  or 
pipes  may  conduct  the  gases  to  a  point,  at  least  10  feet  above  the  roofs  of  adjacent 
buildings  into  the  open  air. 

2.  Safety  devices.  All  refrigerating  machines  shall  be  equipped  with  automatic 

safety  devices,  which  discharge  at  300  pounds  pressure  to  the  square  inch  for  ammonia, 
1,400  pounds  pressure  to  the  square  inch  for  carbon  dioxide,  100  pounds  pressure  to 
the  square  inch  for  sulphur  dioxide,  and  100  pounds  pressure  to  the  square  inch  for 
ethyl  chloride  into  the  emergency  pipes  required  by  the  preceding  section  or  into  the 
low  pressure  side.  f 

3.  Exits.  In  refrigerating  plants  built  and  erected  after  July  1,  1915,  every 
room  containing  pipes  carrying  a  refrigerating  chemical,  under  pressure  exceed¬ 
ing  40  pounds  per  square  inch  for  ethyl  chloride,  60  pounds  for  sulphur  dioxide,  100 
pounds  for  ammonia  and  500  pounds  for  carbon  dioxide,  and  which  by  accident  may 
become  filled  with  the  gases  generated  by  said  chemical,  shall  have  an  exit  to  the  open 
air,  directly  or  by  means  of  stairway  or  to  a  room  or  hall  from  which  said  gases  can 
be  excluded.  Other  refrigerating  plants  shall  be  provided  with  such  means  of  exit 
as  the  fire  commissioner  may  prescribe.  Rooms  which  contain  only  the  liquid  supply 
pipe  to  the  refrigerator  coils  are  not  included  within  the  meaning  of  this  section. 


§218.  Pressure. 

The  maximum  pressure  allowed  in  refrigerating  machines  shall  not  exceed  300 
pounds  for  ammonia,  1,400  pounds  for  carbon  dioxide,  100  pounds  for  sulphur  dioxide 
and  100  pounds  for  ethyl  chloride  to  the  square  inch.  All  pipes  used  for  refrigerating 
purposes  shall  stand  a  hydrostatic  test  of  at  least  double  the  maximum  pressure  per 
square  inch  specified  in  this  section.  All  fittings  must  be  guaranteed  to  stand  a 
pressure  of  at  least  3  times  the  maximum  pressure  per  square  inch  specified  in  this 
chapter. 

§219.  Lights. 

No  room  containing  refrigerating  condensers  or  compressors  of  ammonia  or  ethyl 
chloride  under  pressure  shall  have  in  it  any  open  flame,  arc  light  or  direct  opening 
into  the  boiler  room ;  but  an  internal  combustion  engine  may  be  located  therein,  which 

♦Added  by  ord.  effective  May  25,  1915. 


280 


EXPLOSIVES  AND  HAZARDOUS  TRADES. 


may  be  started  in  the  usual  manner.  There  shall  be  a  fire  wall  between  such  room 
and  the  boiler  room,  equipped  with  a  self-closing  door. 

§220.  Precautions. 

1.  Helmets  or  respirators.  In  such  large  refrigerating  plants,  as  may  be  desig¬ 
nated  by  the  fire  commissioner,  there  shall  be  kept,  fit  and  available  for  use,  suitable 
helmets  or  respirators  which  shall  permit  the  wearer  to  reach,  without  suffocation, 
any  part  of  the  refrigerating  system. 

2.  Pipes  to  be  designated.  In  all  refrigerating  plants  the  pipes  in  the  engine 
room  shall  have  conspicuous  signs,  displayed  at  proper  places,  designating  in  easily 
legible  letters  the  name  of  the  refrigerating  chemical  contained  therein. 

3.  Rules.  In  all  refrigerating  plants  there  shall  be  posted  several  copies  of  a 
brief  set  of  rules  satisfactory  to  the  fire  commissioner,  directing  all  employees  as  to 
their  duties  in  case  of  fire  or  other  emergencies.  Employers  shall  be  responsible  for 
the  proper  drill  of  all  employees  in  such  emergency  duties. 

4.  Supervision.  No  refrigerating  plant  using  ammonia  or  carbon  dioxide  as  a 
refrigerant,  nor  any  refrigerating  plant  using  over  eight  pounds  of  ethyl  chloride 
or  eight  pounds  of  sulphur  dioxide  as  refrigerants,  shall  be  operated  unless  under 
the  charge  of  a  person  holding  a  certificate  of  qualification  issued  by  the  police 
department.  Any  person  holding  a  certificate  of  fitness  to  operate  a  refrigerating 
plant  issued  by  the  fire  commissioner  prior  to  the  time  when  this  ordinance  takes 
effect  shall  be  exempt  from  its  provisions  until  the  expiration  of  such  certificate. 

5.  Certificate  of  qualification.  Upon  the  request  of  any  person  who  makes  appli¬ 
cation  to  the  police  department  for  a  license  or  certificate  as  engineer  of  any  class 
or  grade,  or  as  to  such  applicant’s  qualifications  to  operate  such  a  refrigerating  plant, 
he  shall  be  examined  by  said  department  as  to  his  qualifications  to  operate  a  refrig¬ 
erating  plant,  and,  if  he  is  found  to  be  so  qualified,  said  department  shall  so  certify; 
such  certification  to  continue  in  force  one  year  unless  sooner  revoked  or  suspended. 
(Amended  by  ord.  effective  June  26,  1917.) 

§221.  Exemptions. 

1.  Surplus  storage.  Refrigerating  plants  may  store  a  surplus  stock  of  the  refrig¬ 
erating  chemical  of  2  cylinders  or,  if  necessary,  a  quantity  not  to  exceed  10  per  cent, 
of  the  charge  of  the  plant.  No  cylinders  containing  gas  under  pressure  shall  be  stored 
in  the  boiler  room. 

2.  Refrigerating  machines  of  less  than  3  tons  capacity.  The  fire  commissioner 
may  exempt  from  the  provisions  of  this  article  refrigerating  machines  of  less  than 
3  tons  refrigerating  capacity,  provided  a  certificate  of  approval  has  been  issued  for 
such  machine. 


ARTICLE  19. 


Section  230. 

231. 

232. 

233. 

234. 


Nitro=CeIIuIose. 

Manufacture. 

Guncotton. 

Nitro-cellulose  products. 

Scraps  and  other  refuse  materials. 
Fire  prevention. 


§230.  Manufacture. 

No  person  shall  manufacture  any  gun  cotton,  soluble  cotton  or  any  other  product 
of  nitro-cellulose.  (O.  R.,  §496.) 

§231.  Guncotton. 

No  person  shall  transport,  store,  sell,  use  or  otherwise  handle  gun  cotton  in  any 
forqi,  either  alone  or  in  combination  with  any  other  substance  intended  to  be  used  as : 


281 


CHAP.  10,  ART.  19,  SECS.  232-233. 


(a)  A  blasting  explosive,  except  in  the  manner  provided  in  article  4  of  this 
chapter ; 

(b)  A  propelling  charge  except  in  the  manner  provided  in  article  5  of  this  chapter. 
(O.  R.,  §§497,498.) 

§232.  Nitrocellulose  products. 

1.  Permit.  No  person  shall  store  or  keep,  manufacture  or  sell  any  nitro-cellulose 
product  as  defined  in  §1  of  this  chapter,  or  manufacture  any  article  therefrom  without 
a  permit.  (O.  R.,  §500.) 

2.  Restrictions.  No  permit  for  the  storage  of  nitrocellulose  products,  except  in 
quantities  less  than  100  pounds,  for  purposes  of  manufacture  of  articles  therefrom, 
shall  be  issued  for  any  building: 

(a)  Which  is  situated  within  50  feet  of  the  nearest  wall  of  any  building  occupied 
as  a  school,  theatre,  or  other  place  of  public  amusement  or  assembly; 

(b)  Which  is  occupied  as  a  tenement  house,  dwelling  or  hotel; 

(c)  Which  is  artifically  lighted  by  any  means  other  than  electricity; 

(d)  Which  is  of  wooden  construction; 

(e)  Which  is  not  equipped  with  an  approved  system  of  automatic  sprinklers; 

(f)  Where  paints,  varnishes  or  lacquers  are  manufactured,  stored  or  kept  for  sale; 

(g)  Where  matches,  rosin,  turpentine,  oils,  hemp,  cotton,  or  any'  explosive,  are 
stored  or  kept  for  sale.  (O.  R.,  §502.) 

3.  Storage  of  raw  material.  All  nitrocellulose  products  in  the  form  of  blocks, 
slabs,  sheets,  rods,  tubes  or  other  shapes  to  be  used  for  further  manufacture,  shall  be 
kept  stored  in  a  fireproof  room  or  compartment,  constructed  in  accordance  with  plans 
submitted  to  and  approved  by  the  fire  commissioner,  and  in  all  cases  shall  be  provided 
with  suitable  ventilation.  (O.  R.,  §504,  amended  by  ord.  effective  May  25,  1915.) 

4.  Supervision.  All  premises  used  for  the  storage  of  nitrocellulose  products, 
or  for  the  manufacture  of  articles  therefrom  shall  be  continuously  under  the  care  and 
supervision  of  1  or  more  persons,  each  holding  a  certificate  of  fitness  as  superintendent 
or  manager  thereof.  The  number  of  persons  required  to  hold  such  certificate  shall  in 
each  case  be  stated  in  the  permit.  (O.  R.,  §503.) 

5.  Water-jet.  Whenever,  in  the  process  of  manufacturing  articles  from  nitro¬ 
cellulose  products,  saws  or  cutting  tools  are  used,  which  are  likely  to  heat  the  material 
to  the  firing  point  by  friction  or  otherwise,  a  jet  of  water  shall  continuously  play  upon 
the  point  of  contact.  (O.  R.,  §507.) 

§233.  Scraps  and  other  refuse  materials. 

1.  Fire-proof  receptacles.  No  permit  for  the  manufacture  of  any  article  com¬ 
posed  wholly  or  in  part  of  nitro-cellulose  products  shall  be  issued  for  any  premises 
which  are  not  equipped  with  an  approved  metal  receptacle  or  container ;  and  all  scraps, 
cuttings,  shavings,  sawdust  and  other  refuse  material  of  such  products  shall  at  frequent 
intervals,  be  collected  and  placed  in  such  receptacle  and  kept  continuously  immersed 
in  water.  (O.  R.,  §509.) 

2.  Removal.  No  person  shall  store  or  keep  scraps,  cuttings,  shavings,  sawdust 
or  other  refuse  material  of  nitro-cellulose  products  in  quantities  greater  than  350 
pounds ;  and  all  such  scraps,  cuttings,  shavings,  sawdust  and  refuse  material  shall  be 
immediately  removed  and  transported  beyond  the  city  limits.  (O.  R.,  §510.) 

3.  Traffic  in.  No  person  shall  collect  scraps,  cuttings,  shavings,  sawdust  or  other 
refuse  material  of  nitro-cellulose  products,  for  the  purpose  of  removing  the  same  from 
the  place  of  manufacture,  without  a  permit.  The  provisions  of  this  subdivision  shall 
not  apply  to  persons  holding  permits  issued  pursuant  to  §232  of  this  chapter,  but,  in 
any  case,  all  such  material  shall  be  placed  in  containers  of  substantial  construction,  and 
not  more  than  2,000  pounds  thereof  shall  be  transported  as  a  single  wagon  or  truck 
load.  (O.  R.,  §§511,  513.) 


282 


EXPLOSIVES  AND  HAZARDOUS  TRADES . 


§234.  Fire  prevention. 

1.  Exposed  flame  or  spark.  No  heat  other  than  steam  or  hot  water,  and  no  stove, 
forge,  torch,  boiler,  furnace,  flame  or  fire  and  no  electric  or  other  appliance  likely  to 
produce  an  exposed  spark  shall  be  allowed  in  any  room  or  compartment  used  for  the 
storage  of  nitro-cellulose  products,  or  in  any  room  or  compartment  used  for  the 
manufacture  of  articles  therefrom.  (O.  R.,  §505.) 

2.  Fire-pails.  No  permit  for  the  manufacture  of  articles  from  nitro-cellulose 
products  shall  be  issued  for  any  premises  which  are  not  equipped  with  at  least  1  fire 
pail  to  every  2  persons  employed  therein ;  and  all  such  pails  shall  be  kept  continuously 
full  of  water.  (O.  R.,  §508.) 


♦ARTICLE  20. 

Inflammable  Motion=picture  Films. 


Section  240. 

241. 

242. 

243. 

244. 

245. 

246. 


Permit. 

Restrictions. 

Storage-rooms. 

Work-rooms. 

Fire  prevention. 
Projecting  machines. 
Transportation. 


§240.  Permits. 

No  person  shall  store  or  keep  on  hand  any  inflammable  motion  picture-films  in 
quantities  greater  than  5  reels,  aggregating  more  than  5,000  feet  in  length,  without  a 
permit.  (O.  R.,  §515.) 

§241.  Restrictions. 

No  permit  for  the  storage  of  inflammable  motion  picture-films  shall  be  issued  for 
any  building — 

(a)  Which  is  situated  within  50  feet  of  the  nearest  wall  of  any  building  occupied 
as  a  school,  theatre,  or  other  place  of  public  amusement  or  assembly; 

(b)  Which  is  occupied  as  a  tenement  house,  dwelling  or  hotel; 

(c)  Which  is  artificially  lighted  by  any  means  other  than  electricity; 

(d)  Which  is  of  wooden  construction; 

(e)  Which  is  not  equipped  with  an  approved  system  of  automatic  sprinklers; 

(f)  Which  does  not  contain  one  or  more  separate  rooms  used  exclusively  for  the 
storage  of  such  films.  (O.  R.,  §§517,  518;  amended  by  ord.  effective  June  22,  1915.) 

§242.  Storage=rooms. 

A  room,  vault  or  compartment  for  the  storage  of  inflammable  motion-picture  films 
shall  not  be  artificially  lighted  except  by  electric  lights,  having  airtight  bulbs,  globes 
or  tubes,  encased  in  suitable  wire  cages  and  fitted  with  keyless  sockets.  (O.  R.,  §§519, 
520;  as  amended  by  ord.  effective  June  22,  1915.) 

§243.  Work-rooms. 

1.  Construction  and  fittings.  All  examining,  repairing  or  piecing  together  of 
inflammable  motion-picture  films  shall  be  done  in  a  room  used  for  no  other  purpose 
and  separated  from  the  rest  of  the  building,  by  fireproof  partitions  and  self-closing 
fireproof  doors.  All  furniture  and  fittings  in  a  room  where  inflammable  motion-picture 
films  are  repaired  or  pieced  together  shall  be  of  metal  or  other  fireproof  material. 
(O.  R.,  §§521,  522.) 

2.  / Quantity  of  film  permitted.  No  more  than  10  reels,  nor  more  than  10,000  feet 
in  the  aggregate  of  motion-picture  films,  shall  be  under  examination  or  repair  at  one 

♦Amended  by  ord.  effective  June  22,  1915. 

283 


CHAP.  10,  ARTS.  20-21,  SECS.  244-251. 


time;  and  each  reel  of  films  shall  be  kept  in  a  tightly  closed  metal  box  when  not  being 
examined  or  repaired.  (O.  R.,  §523.) 

2.  Receptacles  for  waste.  Each  room  used  for  the  repairing  or  piecing  together 
of  inflammable  motion-picture  films  shall  contain  a  metal  can,  wherein  all  waste  parts 
and  scraps  of  such  films  shall  be  placed  and  kept  covered  with  water.  (O.  R.,  §524.) 

4.  Supervision.  All  storage,  manufacturing,  repairing  and  examination  of  in¬ 
flammable  motion-picture  films  shall  be  under  the  direct  supervision  of  1  or  more 
persons  holding  a  certificate  of  fitness  from  the  fire  commissioner ;  such  persons  shall 
be  charged  with  the  enforcement  of  §8  of  this  chapter  prohibiting  smoking.  (Added 
by  ord.  effective  June  22,  1915.) 

§244.  Fire  prevention. 

1.  Storage  of  cements.  No  collodion,  amyl  acetate  or  other  similar  inflammable 
cement  or  liquid  in  quantities  greater  than  1  quart  shall  be  kept  in  a  room  where 
inflammable  motion  picture  films  are  stored  or  repaired.  Premises  wherein  in¬ 
flammable  motion-picture  films  are  stored,  manufactured,  repaired  or  examined  shall  be 
equipped  with  a  number  of  sand  and  water  buckets  and  fire  extinguishers  satisfactory 
to  the  fire  commissioner.  (O.  R.,  §525;  amended  by  ord.  effective  June  22,  1915.) 

2.  Heating  appliances.  No  heat  other  than  steam  or  hot  water,  and  no  stove, 
forge,  torch,  boiler,  furnace,  flame  or  fire,  and  no  electric  or  other  appliance  likely 
to  produce  an  exposed  spark  shall  be  allowed  in  any  room  used  for  the  storage  or 
repair  of  inflammable  motion-picture  films.  (O.  R.,  §526.) 

§245.  Projecting  machines. 

No  inflammable  motion-picture  film  shall  be  used  in  any  moving-picture  pro¬ 
jecting  machine  not  enclosed  in  an  approved  booth.  (O.  R.,  §527;  amended  by  ord. 
effective  June  22,  1915.) 


§246.  Transportation. 

No  person  shall  transport  inflammable  motion-picture  films  in  any  underground 
subway  train,  or  carry  the  same  into  any  underground  subway  station,  provided,  how¬ 
ever,  that  the  provisions  of  this  paragraph  shall  not  apply  to  inflammable  films  trans¬ 
ported  in  the  course  of  interstate  commerce,  in  railway  baggage  or  express  cars  under 
the  jurisdiction  and  subject  to  the  regulations  of  the  interstate  commerce  commission. 
No  person  shall  transport  inflammable  motion  picture-films  in  any  street  car,  elevated 
train,  omnibus,  ferryboat  or  other  public  conveyance,  or  carry  the  same  into  any  railway 
station  or  ferryhouse,  unless  each  film  shall  be  separately  enclosed  in  a  tightly  closed 
metal  box.  Not  more  than  8  films,  so  enclosed,  shall  be  carried  at  one  time  by  any 
person.  (Added  by  ord.  effective  June  22,  1915.) 


ARTICLE  21. 


Section  250. 

251. 

252. 

253. 


Distilled  Liquors  and  Alcohols. 

Permit. 

Restrictions. 

Storage. 

Distillation  or  rectification. 


§250.  Permit. 

No  person  shall  manufacture  distilled  liquors,  spirits  or  alcohols  of  any  kind,  by 
distillation  or  rectification,  without  a  permit,  nor  shall  any  person  store  or  keep  distilled 
liquors,  spirits  or  alcohols  of  any  kind,  in  quantities  aggregating  more  than  10  barrels, 
of  50  gallons  each,  without  a  permit.  (O.  R.,  §§529,  530.) 

§251.  Restrictions. 

No  permit  shall  be  issued  for  the  manufacture,  distillation,  rectification,  or  storage, 
of  distilled  liquor,  spirits  or  alcohols,  in  any  building — 


284 


EXPLOSIVES  AND  HAZARDOUS  TRADES. 


(a)  Which  is  situated  within  50  feet  of  the  nearest  wall  of  any  building  occupied 
as  a  hospital,  school,  theatre  or  other  place  of  public  amusement  or  assembly; 

(b)  Which  is  of  wooden  construction ; 

(c)  Which  is  not  equipped  with  an  approved  fire  extinguishing  system.  (O.  R., 
§532.) 

§252.  Storage. 

No  person  shall  store  distilled  liquors,  spirits  or  alcohols  of  any  kind  in  excess 
of  1  barrel  for  each  4  square  feet  of  floor  space;  and  barrels  containing  liquors,  spirits 
or  alcohols  shall  not  be  stacked  more  than  2  high.  (O.  R.,  §533.) 

§253.  Distillation  or  rectification. 

No  person  shall  distill  or  rectify  liquors,  spirits  or  alcohols  in  any  room  or  com¬ 
partment  in  which  there  is  an  open  flame.  (Added  by  ord.  effective  May  25,  1915.) 

ARTICLE  22. 

Oils  and  Fats. 

Section  255.  Permit. 

256.  Restrictions. 

§255.  Permit. 

No  person  shall  store  or  keep  on  hand  any  oil,  fat,  grease  or  soap  stock,  exceeding 
the  equivalent  of  5  barrels,  without  a  permit;  provided  that  a  person  who  holds  a  per¬ 
mit,  issued  in  conformity  with  the  provisions  of  article  8  or  article  23  of  this  chapter, 
shall  not  be  required  to  obtain  a  permit  for  the  storage  and  use  of  such  oils,  fats, 
greases  and  soap-stock  as  may  be  incident  to  the  business  conducted  thereunder.  No 
person  shall  store  upon  any  floor  of  a  building  any  oil,  fat,  grease  or  soap-stock 
exceeding  in  weight  Yz  of  the  safe  bearing  capacity  of  the  floor,  as  certified  to  by 
the  bureau  of  buildings,  or  covering  when  contained  in  barrels  or  other  containers 
more  than  %  of  the  floor  space  of  such  floor.  (O.  R.,  §§535,  538,  539.) 

§256.  Restrictions. 

No  permit  shall  be  issued  for  the  storage  of  oils,  fats,  greases  or  soap-stock  in 
any  building  or  premises — 

(a)  Which  is  situated  within  50  feet  of  the  nearest  wall  of  any  building  occupied 
as  a  school,  hospital,  theatre,  or  any  other  place  of  public  amusement  or  assembly; 

(b)  Which  is  occupied  as  a  tenement  house  or  hotel ; 

(c)  Which  is  occupied  as  a  workshop  or  factory,  except  such  workshop  or  factory 
be  incident  to  the  business  of  the  applicant ; 

(d)  Which  is  of  wooden  construction,  except  in  sparsely  populated  districts, 
where  it  shall  be  within  the  discretion  of  the  fire  commissioner; 

(e)  Which  is  not-  equipped  with  a  fire  extinguishing  system  satisfactory  to  the 
fire  commissioner; 

(f)  Where  matches  or  any  explosives  are  stored  or  kept.  (O.  R.,  §537.) 

ARTICLE  23. 

Technical  Establishments. 

Section  260.  Permit. 

261.  Supervision. 

262.  Restrictions. 

§260.  Permit. 

No  person  shall  maintain  or  operate  a  technical  establishment,  as  defined  in  §1  of 
this  chapter,  without  a  permit.  Each  such  permit  shall  prescribe  the  maximum  quantity 
of  explosives,  inflammable  or  combustible  materials  and  substances  to  be  stored,  the 

285 


CHAP.  10,  ARTS.  23-24,  SECS.  261-272. 


method  of  storing  and  using  the  same,  and  the  necessary  rules  for  the  handling  thereof, 
as  well  as  the  number  of  persons  required  to  hold  certificates  of  fitness.  (O.  R., 
§§541,  545.) 

§261.  Supervision. 

No  permit  shall  be  issued  under  this  title  unless  the  establishment  shall  be  con¬ 
tinuously  under  the  care  and  supervision  of  1  or  more  persons,  each  holding  a  certifi¬ 
cate  of  fitness  as  a  superintendent  or  manager  thereof.  (O.  R.,  §544.) 

§262.  Restrictions. 

No  person  shall  store  for  use,  or  to  use  in  any  technical  establishment  any  liquid 
acetylene,  acetylide  of  copper  or  other  metallic  acetylide ;  fulminate  of  mercury  or  any 
other  fulminate  or  fulminating  compound ;  nitroglycerine ;  chloride  of  nitrogen ;  amide 
or  amine;  blasting  powder;  smokeless  powder;  or  gunpowder  in  any  form;  or  any 
volatile  product  of  petroleum  (except  rhigoline)  having  a  boiling  point  lower  than 
60°  F.  (O.  R.,  §546.) 

ARTICLE  24. 

Wholesale  Drug=Stores  and  Drug  and  Chemical  Supply=Houses. 


Section  270. 

Special  permit. 

271. 

Passageways. 

272. 

Restrictions. 

273. 

Laboratory. 

274. 

Light  and  power. 

275. 

Prohibited  materials. 

276. 

Quantities  of  supplies  allowed. 

277. 

Storage. 

278. 

Supervision. 

279. 

Fire  prevention. 

§270.  Special  permit. 

No  person  shall  maintain  or  operate  a  wholesale  drug-store  or  drug  and  chemical 
supply-house,  as  defined  in  §1  of  this  chapter,  without  a  special  permit.  (O.  R.,  §548.) 

§271.  Passageways. 

On  each  floor  of  a  building  occupied  as  a  wholesale  drug  store  or  drug  and 
chemical  supply  house,  there  shall  be  maintained,  at  distances  not  exceeding  15  feet 
apart  nor  more  than  15  feet  from  either  wall,  open  and  unobstructed  passageways  at 
least  3  feet  wide  extending  the  entire  length  of  the  floor;  and  there  shall  be  also 
maintained  similar  passageways  running  the  entire  width  of  the  floor,  the  distance 
between  which  or  from  walls  shall  not  exceed  25  feet.  (O.  R.,  §559.) 

§272.  Restrictions. 

No  permit  shall  be  issued  for  a  wholesale  drug-store  or  drug  and  chemical  supply- 
house  in  any  building: 

(a)  Which  is  situated  within  50  feet  of  the  nearest  wall  of  any  building  which 
is  occupied  as  a  school,  hospital,  theatre,  or  other  place  of  public  amusement  or 
assembly ; 

(b)  Which  is  occupied  as  a  tenement  house  or  hotel ; 

(c)  Which  is  occupied  as  a  workshop  or  factory,  except  such  workshop  or  factory 
is  incident  to  the  business  of  the  applicant;  or  except  in  buildings  constructed  of  fire 
resisting  materials  throughout,  and  when  the  portion  of  such  building  occupied  by 
the  applicant  is  separated  from  the  rest  of  the  building  by  fireproof  walls  and  floors ; 

(d)  Which  is  not  equipped  with  a  fire  extinguishing  system  approved  by  the  fire 
commissioner ; 

(e)  Which  is  of  wooden  construction.  (O.  R.,  §550.) 

286 


EXPLOSIVES  AND  HAZARDOUS  TRADES. 


§273.  Laboratory. 

1.  Construction.  The  operation  of  compounding  medicinal  preparations,  pro¬ 
prietary  articles  and  similar  materials,  or  analyzing  or  testing  drugs,  chemicals, 
medicinal  preparations,  proprietary  articles  and  similar  materials,  when  explosive  or 
inflammable  substances  are  required,  shall  be  conducted  only  in  a  room  or  part  of  the 
premises  separated  from  the  rest  of  the  building  by  fireproof  walls  and  floors  and 
having  all  openings  thereto  fitted  with  self-closing  fireproof  doors  and  windows. 
(O.  R.,  §567.) 

2.  Heating.  In  laboratory  operations  where  volatile  inflammable  oils  or  liquids 
are  used  as  solvents  or  otherwise,  in  compounding,  dispensing  or  preparing  medicinal 
preparations,  proprietary  articles  and  similar  materials,  or  in  recovering  such  solvents 
by  distillation,  the  source  of  heat  employed  shall  be  hot  water,  steam  or  electricity 
only;  the  use  of  an  open  flame  of  any  kind  being  expressly  forbidden.  (O.  R.,  §568.) 

§274.  Light  and  power. 

1.  Lighting.  Cellars  and  basements,  used  by  wholesale  druggist  and  chemical 
supply  houses  for  the  storage  of  volatile  inflammable  liquids,  shall  be  provided  with  a 
sufficient  number  of  incandescent  electric  lights  to  insure  proper  illumination  through¬ 
out.  Such  lights  shall  be  fitted  with  keyless  sockets  and  shall  be  controlled  by  a 
switch  or  switches,  located  at  or  near  the  entrance  to  such  cellar  or  basement  on  the 
grade  floor,  with  a  sign  at  such  switch  or  switches  reading  “  Control  of  Basement 
Lights.”  In  addition  to  the  lights  herein  provided  for,  there  may  be  installed  such 
individual  electric  lights  as  may  be  required,  provided  that  they  shall  be  controlled 
by  an  independent  circuit.  (O.  R.,  §565;  amended  by  ord.  effective  July  16,  1915.) 

2.  Power.  No  electric  dynamo,  motor  hoist  or  other  electric  appliance  likely  to 
produce  an  exposed  spark,  shall  be  allowed  in  a  room  or  compartment  of  a  wholesale 
drug  store  or  drug  and  chemical  supply  house,  unless  it  be  protected  in  such  manner 
as  is  prescribed  by  the  fire  commissioner.  (O.  R.,  §566.) 

§275.  Prohibited  materials. 

No  person  shall  manufacture  or  store  in  a  wholesale  drug  store  or  drug  and 
chemical  supply  house  any  of  the  following  substances : 

1.  Acetylide  of  copper; 

2.  Amide  or  amine  explosive : 

3.  Chloride  of  nitrogen ; 

4.  Colored  fire  in  any  form ; 

5.  Cymogene  or  any  volatile  product  of  petroleum  (except  rhigoline)  or  coal 

tar  having  a  boiling  point  lower  than  60°  Fahrenheit; 

6.  Flashlight  powders ; 

7.  Fulminate  or  any  fulminating  compound ; 

8.  Guncotton ; 

9.  Gunpowder  in  any  form ; 

10.  Liquid  acetylene ; 

11.  Nitro-glycerine,  except  in  official  U.  S.  Pharmacopoeia  solution,  or  in  form  of 

pills,  tablets,  or  granules  containing  not  more  than  l-50th  of  a  grain  each; 

12.  Picrates ; 

13.  Potassium  chlorate  in  admixture  with  organic  substances  or  with  phosphorus 

or  sulphur ;  provided  that  this  restriction  shall  not  apply  to  the  manufacture 
or  storage  of  tablets  of  chlorate  of  potash  intended  for  use  solely  for 
medicinal  purposes; 

14.  Rubber  shoddy.  (O.  R.,  §551.) 


287 


CHAP.  10,  ART.  24,  SEC.  276. 


§276.  Quantities  of  supplies  allowed. 

No  permit  shall  be  issued  for  the  storage  in  a  wholesale  drug  store  or  drug  and 
chemical  supply  house  of  any  of  the  following  substances  in  quantities  greater  than 
those  set  forth  in  the  following  schedule : 


1.  Explosives. 

Amyl  nitrate  in  bottles . 

Amyl  nitrate  in  pearls . 

Carbon  bisulphide  . 

Collodions  . 

Gases,  liquified: 

Anhydrous  ammonia  . 

Carbon  dioxide  . 

Nitrous  oxide  . 

Oxygen  . 

Sulphur  dioxide  . . 

Nitroglycerine,  1  per  cent,  solution  in  alcohol . 

Picric  acid  . 

Soluble  cotton  . 

2.  Volatile  inflammable  liquids  ( insoluble ). 

Benzine,  benzole  or  naphthas  of  any  kind . 

Coal  tar  . 

Coal  tar  oils  (heavy) . 

Crude  petroleum  . 

Ethyl  chloride  and  other  ethers . 

Ether,  nitrous  . 

Ether,  sulphuric  . 

Rhigoline  . 

Varnishes,  lacquers,  etc . 

Wood  creosote  . 

3.  Volatile  inflammable  liquids  {soluble). 

Acetone  . 

Alcohol,  denatured  . 

Alcohol,  ethyl  . 

Alcohol,  methyl  . 

Aldehyde,  ethyl  . 

4.  Non-volatile  inflammable  liquids  { insoluble ). 

Amyl  acetate  . 

Amyl  alcohol  . 

Aniline  oil  . 

Cumol  . 

Essential  oils  . 

Kerosene  . 

Nitrobenzole  . 

Terebene  . 

Toluol  . 

Turpentine  . 

Xylol  . 

5.  Non-volatile  inflammable  liquids  {soluble). 

Glycerine  . 


25  pounds 
100  gross 
50  pounds 
100  pounds  in  all 

2  cylinders 
2  cylinders 
2  cylinders 
2  cylinders 
2  cylinders 
20  pounds 
25  pounds 
25  pounds  in  all 

150  gallons  in  all 
1  barrel 
10  barrels 

1  barrel 

200  pounds  in  all 
100  pounds  in  5-pound 
package  or  less 
500  pounds 

2  dozen  1-pound  tins 
275  gallons  in  all 

5  barrels 

1  barrel 
10  barrels 
10  barrels 
10  barrels 
5  gallons 

10  barrels 
10  barrels 
5  drums 
5  barrels 

10,000  pounds  in  all 
1  barrel 
5  drums 
100  pounds 
350  pounds 
10  barrels 
100  pounds 

5,000  pounds 


288 


EXPLOSIVES  AND  HAZARDOUS  TRADES. 

6.  Combustible  solids. 

Metallic  magnesium  .  100  pounds 

Phosphorus  .  11  pounds 

Phosphorus,  red  .  11  pounds 

Sulphur  .  25  barrels  in  all 

7.  Gums,  resins,  pitch,  etc. 

Burgundy  pitch  .  5,000  pounds 

Camphor  .  8,000  pounds 

Gum  thus  .  5  barrels 

Naphthaline  .  50  barrels  in  all 

Pitch  (coal  tar  pitch) .  2  barrels 

Resins,  balsams  and  other  varnish  gums .  8,000  pounds  in  all 

Rosin  .  5  barrels 

Shellac  .  2,500  pounds 

Stockholm  tar  .  1,000  pounds 

Tar,  refined  (wood) .  10  barrels 

Venice  turpentine  .  2,000  pounds 

8.  Combustible  fibres  and  powders  ( vegetable ). 

Cotton,  absorbent  .  2,000  pounds 

Cotton  batting .  10  bales 

Excelsior  .  25  bales 

Flax  .  20  bales 

Jute  .  25  bales 

Lampblack  .  10  barrels 

Lycopodium  . 2,000  pounds 

Oakum  .  2  bales 

Pulverized  charcoal  . 10  barrels 

Sawdust  .  15  bags 

Straw,  packing  .  10  bales 

9.  Dangerously  corrosive  acids. 

Anhydrous  acetic  .  500  pounds 

Carbolic  .  15,000  pounds 

Glacial  acetic  .  2,000  pounds 

Hydrochloric  .  15  carboys 

Hydrofluoric  .  500  pounds 

Sulphuric  .  15  carboys 

10.  Acids. 

Chromic  .  100  pounds 

Iodic  .  5  pounds 

Nitric  .  3  carboys 

Nitric,  fuming  .  25  pounds 

Periodic  .  2  pounds 

11.  Peroxides. 

Barium  .  2  casks 

Calcium  .  100  pounds 

Hydrogen,  U.  S.  P .  5,000  pounds 

Other  hydrogen  peroxides,  over  3  per  cent.,  not  to  exceed 

15  per  cent . 500  pounds 

Potassium  .  10  pounds 

Sodium  . 25  pounds 

12.  Chlorates. 

Barium  .  500  pounds 

Other  metallic  . 100  pounds  in  all 


289 


CHAP.  10,  ART.  24,  SEC.  277. 


Potassium  .  1,000  pounds 

Sodium  . 1,000  pounds 

13.  Perchlorates. 

Potassium  .  10  pounds 

Other  metallic  perchlorates .  10  pounds  in  all 

14.  Permanganates. 

Potassium  .  1,000  pounds 

Sodium  .  100  pounds 

Other  metallic  permanganates .  100  pounds  in  all 

15.  Nitrates. 

Barium  .  1,200  pounds 

Bismuth  subnitrate  .  2,500  pounds 

Cobalt  .  1,000  pounds 

Copper  .  100  pounds 

Iron,  ferric  .  200  pounds 

Mercury  (mercuric)  .  100  pounds 

Mercury  (mercurous)  .  10  pounds 

Potassium  .  2,000  pounds 

Silver  .  50  pounds 

Sodium  .  1,000  pounds 

Strontium  .  1,200  pounds 

Other  metallic  .  500  pounds  in  all 

16.  Metallic  oxides. 

Lead  binoxide  .  25  pounds 

Lead  (litharge)  .  1,200  pounds 

Lead  (red)  .  500  pounds 

Mercury;  yellow  precipitate  (mercurous) .  200  pounds 

Mercury;  red  precipitate  (mercuric) .  100  pounds 

Silver .  10  pounds 

17.  Substances  made  dangerous  by  contact  with 

other  substances. 

Calcium  carbide  .  60  pounds 

Metallic  potassium  .  5  pounds 

Metallic  sodium  .  5  pounds 

All  other  metals  of  the  alkalies  or  alkalone  earths .  5  pounds  in  all 

Phosphides  .  10  pounds 

Unslaked  lime  .  2  barrels 

Zinc  dust  .  100  pounds 


The  fire  commissioner  may,  in  his  discretion  and  when  no  unusual  hazard  is 
presented  thereby,  authorize  the  storage  of  greater  quantities  than  those  set  forth 
in  the  foregoing  schedule,  or  the  storage  of  other  substances  not  specified  therein. 
(O.  R.,  §§552,  555;  amended  by  ord,  approved  July  16,  1915.) 

§277.  Storage. 

1.  Chemical  affinity.  No  person  shall  store  chemicals  in  close  proximity  to  each 
other  when  they  are  of  an  explosive  nature,  or  when  one  increases  the  energy  of  de¬ 
composition  of  the  other,  or  when  they  are  so  constituted  that  they  may  react  upon 
one  another  and  become  explosive  or  inflammable.  (O.  R.,  §555.) 

2.  Liquids.  The  storage  of  acids  or  liquid  chemicals  which  may  cause  explosions 
or  combustion  by  flowing  into,  upon  or  among  chemicals  or  other  substances,  shall 
be  provided  with  safety  catch  basins  or  a  similar  device,  so  that,  in  case  of  the  leak¬ 
age  of  such  acids  or  liquids,  no  danger  to  life  or  property  will  result.  Carboys  con- 

290 


EXPLOSIVES  AND  HAZARDOUS  TRADES. 


taining  nitric  acid  shall  be  stored  only  on  brick  concrete  or  asphalt  floors,  and  in  a 
vault  or  vaults  situated  below  the  street  level;  and  it  shall  be  unlawful  to  permit 
sawdust,  hay,  excelsior,  or  any  organic  substance,  or  other  acids  or  chemicals  in  close 
proximity  to  such  carboys  or  stocks  of  nitric  acid.  A  sufficient  quantity  of  sand  or 
infusorial  earth  shall  be  provided  for  absorbing  all  waste  liquids  from  floors.  (O.  R., 
§§556-558;  amended  by  ord.  effective  July  16,  1915.) 

3.  Volatile  inflammable  oil.  Volatile  inflammable  oils,  or  liquids  containing  vola¬ 
tile  inflammable  oil,  shall  be  stored  in  conformity  with  the  provisions  of  articles  8,  9 
and  10  of  this  chapter.  (O.  R.,  §560.) 

§278.  Supervision. 

Each  wholesale  drug  store  or  drug  and  chemical  supply  house  shall  be  continuously 
under  the  care  and  supervision  of  1  or  more  persons,  each  holding  a  certificate  of 
fitness  as  manager  or  superintendent  or  foreman  thereof.  The  number  of  persons 
required  to  hold  such  certificates  shall  be  stated  in  the  permit.  (O.  R.,  §554.) 

§279.  Fire  prevention. 

1.  Combustible  waste.  No  person  shall  store  or  accumulate  broken  wood,  waste 
paper  or  waste  packing  material  of  any  kind  in  any  part  of  the  building  where  goods 
are  packed  or  unpacked;  such  material  shall  be  removed  at  the  close  of  each  day. 
Empty  barrels,  drums  or  containers,  from  which  volatile  inflammable  oil  or  other  in¬ 
flammable  liquid  has  been  taken,  shall  be  removed  from  the  premises  as  soon  as  pos¬ 
sible,  and  in  no  case  shall  they  be  stored  therein  more  than  24  hours.  (O.  R.,  §§561, 
563.) 

2.  Matches.  No  person  shall  keep  or  carry  matches  in  a  cellar  or  in  a  packing 
room  of  a  wholesale  drug  store  or  drug  and  chemical  supply  house,  or  in  any  part 
of  the  premises  where  volatile  inflammable  oils  or  highly  combustible  substances  are 
stored  or  handled.  (O.  R.,  §564.) 

3.  Packing  rooms.  Packing  rooms  shall  be  located  as  remotely  as  practicable 
from  large  stocks  of  stored  goods ;  and  the  packing  room  floor  shall  be  kept  as  free  as 
possible  from  hay,  excelsior  and  other  combustible  packing  material  during  work 
hours.  At  the  close  of  each  day,  tables,  floors  and  all  parts  of  the  packing  room  shall 
be  swept  clean  of  such  materials,  and  the  sweepings  gathered  into  a  metal  box  or 
other  proper  receptacle,  which  shall  be  kept  closed  at  night.  (O.  R.,  §562.) 


ARTICLE  25. 


Section  290. 

291. 

292. 

293. 


Retail  Drug  Stores. 

Permit;  restrictions. 

Quantities  of  supplies  allowed. 
Storage. 

Fire-prevention. 


§290.  Permit;  restrictions. 

No  person  shall  maintain  or  operate  a  retail  drug  store,  as  defined  in  §1  of  this 
chapter,  without  a  permit,  but  no  such  permit  shall  be  issued  authorizing  the  manu¬ 
facture,  compounding,  dispensing  or  storing  of  any  of  the  drugs  or  chemicals  specified 
in  §275  of  this  chapter.  (O.  R.,  §§571,  573.) 


§291.  Quantities  of  supplies  allowed. 

No  permit  shall  be  issued  for  the  storage,  sale  or  use  in  a  retail  drug  store  of 
any  of  the  following  substances  in  quantities  greater  than  those  set  forth  in  the  fol¬ 
lowing  schedule: 

1.  Acids. 

Carbolic  .  100  pounds 

Hydrochloric  .  200  pounds 


291 


CHAP.  10,  ART.  25,  SEC.  291. 


Nitric  .  15  pounds 

Picric  .  1  ounce 

Sulphuric .  200  pounds 

2.  Volatile  inflammable  liquids. 

Aceto'ne  .  5  pounds 

Amyl  acetate  .  1  gallon 

Amyl  alcohol  .  1  gallon 

Amyl  nitrate  .  2  ounces  in  1-ounce 

bottles 

6  dozen  pearls 

Ethyl  alcohol  .  1  barrel 

Benzine,  benzole  and  naphtha  of  any  kind .  5  gallons  in  4-ounce 

bottles  or  pint 
tins 

Carbon  bisulphide .  3  pounds 

Collodion  .  5  pounds 

Denatured  alcohol  . 1  barrel 

Ether,  sulphuric  .  5  pounds 

Methyl  alcohol  .  1  barrel 

Other  ethers,  in  all .  2  pounds 

Turpentine  .  1  barrel 

3.  Inflammable,  liquids. 

Essential  oils  .  100  pounds  in  all 

Glycerine  .  500  pounds 

Pine  tar .  10  pounds 

4.  Combustible  solids. 

Aluminum  (powder)  .  1  pound 

Balsams  and  resins .  50  pounds  in  all 

Campho'r  .  350  pounds 

Charcoal,  powdered .  10  pounds 

Lampblack  .  10  pounds 

Magnesium  (powder)  .  8  ounces 

Magnesium  (ribbon)  .  8  ounces 

Naphthalene  .  4  barrels 

Phosphorus,  red  .  2  ounces 

Phosphorus,  yellow  .  1  ounce 

Rosin  .  10  pounds 

Sulphur  ahd  brimstone  .  250  pounds  in  all 

5.  Combustible  fibres. 

Cotton,  absorbent  .  150  pounds  in  cartons 

Cotton,  batts  .  10  pounds  in  closed 

boxes  or  other 
containers 

Cottdn,  loose  . 5  pounds  in  closed 

boxes  or  other 
containers 

Excelsior,  hay  and  straw*. .  2  bales  (except  in 

stores  located  in 
tenement  houses) 

Lint  .  10  pounds  in  closed 

boxes  or  other 
containers 


292 


EXPLOSIVES  AND  HAZARDOUS  TRADES. 


Oakum 


10  pounds  in  closed 
boxes  or  other 
containers 


6.  Oxidizers. 

Barium  peroxide  .  1  pound 

Bismuth  subnitrate .  20  pounds 

Calcium  peroxide  .  5  pounds 

Chromic  acid  .  1  pound 

Lead  oxide  (red) . . . .  5  pounds 

Lime,  unslaked  .  200  pounds  in  sealed 

metal  cans 

•  All  other  metallic  bichromates  or  chromates . .  50  pounds  in  all 

Mercuric  oxide  (red) . .  2  pounds 

Mercurous  oxide  . . . .  2  pounds 

Mercury  nitrate .  1  pound 

Phosphides  .  10  ounces  in  all 

Potassium  bichromate  .  10  pounds 

Potassium  chlorate  .  25  pounds  in  5-pound 

containers  or  less 

Potassium  nitrate  .  50  pounds 

Potassium  perchlorate  .  1  ounce 

Potassium  permanganate  . 5  pounds 

Silver  nitrate  .  1  pound 

Silver  oxide  .  1  ounce 

Sodium  bichromate  .  10  pounds 

Sodium  chlorate  .  5  pounds 

Sodium  nitrate .  25  pounds 

Sodium  permanganate.  .  1  pound 

The  fire  commissioner  may  in  his  discretion,  when  no  extra  hazard  is  permitted 
thereby,  authorize  the  storage  of  larger  quantities  of  substances  than  those  set  forth 
in  the  foregoing  schedule,  or  of  other  explosives  or  inflammable  substances  not 
specifically  named  therein.  (O.  R.,  §§574,  575,  amended  by  ord.  effective  May  25,  1915.) 


§292.  Storage. 

1.  Chemical  Affinities.  No  person  shall  store  chemicals  in  close  proximity  to 
each  other  when  they  are  of  an  explosive  nature,  nor  when  one  increases  the  energy  of 
decomposition  of  the  other,  nor  when  they  are  so  constituted  that  they  may  react  upon 
one  another  and  become  explosive  or  inflammable.  (O.  R.,  §576.) 

2.  Volatile  inflammable  oils.  No  person  shall  manufacture,  compound,  store  or 
dispense  volatile  inflammable  oil,  or  substances  containing  volatile  inflammable  oil, 
except  under  the  conditions  prescribed  in  articles  8,  9  and  10  of  this  chapter.  (O,  R., 
§577.) 

§293.  Fire  prevention. 

1.  Combustible  waste.  No  person  shall  store  or  accumulate  broken  wood,  waste 
paper,  or  waste  packing  material  of  any  kind,  in  any  part  of  the  premises  where  goods 
are  packed  or  unpacked.  Such  materials  shall  be  removed  at  the  close  of  the  day. 
(O.  R.,  §578.) 

2.  Lighting.  Cellars  and  basements,  used  by  retail  drug  stores  for  the  storage  of 
volatile  inflammable  liquids,  shall  be  provided  with  a  sufficient  number  of  incandescent 
electric  lights  to  insure  proper  illumination  throughout.  Such  lights  shall  be  fitted 
with  keyless  sockets  and  shall  be  controlled  by  a  switch  or  switches,  located  at  or  near 
the  entrance  to  such  cellar  or  basement  on  the  grade  floor,  with  a  sign  at  such  switch 


293 


CHAP.  10,  ART.  26,  SEC.  200. 


or  switches  reading  “Control  of  Basement  Lights.”  In  addition  to  the  lights  herein 
provided  for,  there  may  be  installed  such  individual  electric  lights  as  may  be  required, 
provided  that  they  shall  be  controlled  by  an  independent  circuit.  (O.  R.,  §579;  amended 
by  ord.  effective  May  25,  1915.) 

ARTICLE  26. 

Miscellaneous. 

Section  300.  Violations. 

§300.  Violations. 

Any  person  who  shall  wilfully  violate  or  neglect  or  refuse  to  comply  with  any 
provision  of  this  chapter,  in  addition  to  any  other  penalties  prescribed  by  law  or 
ordinance,  shall,  upon  conviction,  be  punished  by  a  fine  of  not  more  than  $500,  or  by 
imprisonment  not  exceeding  6  months,  or  by  both  such  fine  and  imprisonment. 
(Amended  by  ord.  effective  May  25,  1915.) 


294 


CHAPTER  11. 
FIRE=ARMS. 


Article  1.  General  provisions. 

ARTICLE  1. 


General  Provisions. 


Section  1. 
2. 

3. 

4. 

5. 


Pistols  or  revolvers,  keeping  or  carrying. 
Discharge  of  small-arms. 

Sale  of  toy-pistols. 

Cannon  firing. 

Violations. 


§1.  Pistols  or  revolvers,  keeping  or  carrying. 

Every  person  to  whom  a  license  shall  be  granted  to  have  and  possess  a  pistol  or 
revolver  in  a  dwelling  or  place  of  business  in  the  city  shall  pay  therefor  an  annual  fee 
of  $1.  Every  person  to  whom  a  license  shall  be  granted  to  have  and  carry  concealed 
a  pistol  or  revolver  in  the  city  shall  pay  therefor  an  annual  fee  of  $1 ;  provided,  that 
no  fee  shall  be  charged  or  collected  for  a  license  to  have  and  carry  concealed  a  pistol 
or  revolver  which  shall  be  issued  upon  the  application  of  the  commissioner  of  correc¬ 
tion,  or  the  warden  or  superintendent  of  any  prison,  penitentiary,  workhouse  or  other 
institution  for  the  detention  of  persons  convicted  or  accused  of  crime  or  offense,  or 
held  as  witnesses  in  criminal  cases  in  the  city.  The  fees  prescribed  by  this  section 
shall  be  collected  by  the  officials  issuing  the  licenses  referred  to  herein  and  shall  be 
paid  by  them  into  the  police  pension  fund,  and  a  return  in  detail  shall  be  made  monthly 
to  the  comptroller  by  such  officials  of  the  fees  so  collected  and  paid  over  by  them. 
(Ords.  approved  June  23,  1914,  and  May  11,  1915.) 

§2.  Discharge  of  smalLarms. 

No  person  shall  fire  or  discharge  any  gun,  pistol,  rifle,  fowling-piece  or  other  fire¬ 
arms  in  the  city;  provided  that  the  provisions  of  this  section  shall  not  apply  to  the 
following  places: 

1.  In  the  Borough  of  Manhattan — The  territory  embraced  within  the  areas  of 
the  three  reservoirs  in  Central  Park,  including  the  embankments  thereof,  to  enable 
the  commissioner  of  water  supply,  gas  and  electricity  to  preserve  waters  of  the  city 
from  pollution  by  seagulls;  the  bulkhead  shed  of  Pier  58,  North  River,  on  the  street 
level,  occupied  by  the  Mercantile  Marine  Rifle  Club ;  the  premises  of  the  Bohemian 
American  Sharp  Shooters  Concord,  located  at  321-325  East  73d  street;  Grand  Central 
Palace,  on  Lexington  avenue,  between  46th  and  47th  streets;  the  quarters  of  the  In¬ 
wood  Division  of  the  Home  Defense  League  at  4880  Broadway; 

2.  In  the  Borough  of  The  Bronx — The  Country  Club,  on  Eastchester  Bay;  the 
grounds  of  Pelham  Gun  Club,  foot  of  East  Scofield  street,  City  Island;  the  grounds 
of  the  City  Island  Yacht  Club,  at  the  foot  of  Cross  street,  City  Island;  the  grounds 
of  the  Pleasant  Bay  Gun  Club  at  Morris’  Cove,  Ferry  Point  road,  Unionport;  the 
grounds  of  the  Bronx  County  Rod  and  Gun  Club,  at  Higgs  Beach,  Clason  Point;  the 
grounds  of  the  Whitcomb  Gun  Club,  on  the  Schieffelin  Estate  in  Edenwald;  the 
grounds  of  the  Harlem  Yacht  Club,  Inc.,  at  Hunter  avenue,  about  150  feet  north  of 
Ditmar  street,  on  Pelham  Bay,  City  Island;  the  grounds  of  the  Pelham  Gun  and 
Boat  Club  at  the  foot  of  Ditmar  street,  City  Island;  the  grounds  of  the  Whitcomb 
Gun  Club  at  the  Eastern  Boulevard  and  Fort  Schuyler  road ; 

3.  In  the  Borough  of  Brooklyn — The  grounds  of  the  Bergen  Beach  Gun  Club,  in 
Bergen  Beach;  the  grounds  of  the  Bensonhurst  Yacht  Club,  at  the  foot  of  Twenty- 

295 


CHAP.  11,  ART.  1 ,  SEC.  3. 


second  avenue,  facing  Gravesend  Bay;  the  grounds  of  the  Bay  View  Gun  Club,  in  the 
meadow  lands,  southeast  corner  of  Cleveland  street  and  Vandalia  avenue,  New  Lots; 
the  grounds  of  the  Millrose  Athletic  Association,  at  the  foot  of  Bay  Eleventh  street, 
Bath  Beach;  the  grounds  of  Thomas  J.  Dunne,  located  on  the  east  side  of  Surf  ave¬ 
nue,  distant  100  feet  east  of.  West  35th  street,  Coney  Island;  the  grounds  of  the 
United  Sporting  Club,  on  the  meadow  lands  south  of  the  corner  of  Jerome  street  and 
Fairfield  avenue,  New  Lots;  the  grounds  of  the  Excelsior  Bensonhurst  Gun  Club, 
Abraham’s  Hotel,  Conklin  avenue  and  East  95th  street;  the  grounds  of  the  Marine 
and  Field  Club,  Cropsey  avenue  and  Bay  13th  street; 

4.  In  the  Borough  of  Queens — The  Oakland  Golf  Club,  Bayside  and  meadowland 
on  Flushing  creek;  Cypress  Hills  Park,  Evergreen;  the  grounds  of  the  Stimmel  Rod 
and  Gun  Club,  foot  of  Bayside  avenue,  Whitestone;  the  grounds  of  the  Bayside  Yacht 
Club  on  Little  Neck  bay;  the  grounds  of  the  College  Point  Gun  Club  in  the  meadow 
lands  at  the  southeast  corner  of  College  Point  causeway  and  Eleventh  avenue,  College 
Point;  the  grounds  of  the  Long  Island  Rifle  Club  at  Rosedale  avenue  and  Foster’s 
Meadow  road,  Rosedale;  the  grounds  of  the  Forest  Hills  Country  Club,  on  the  Flush¬ 
ing  meadow  at  the  southwest  corner  of  Ibis  street  and  Water-edge  avenue,  Forest 
Hills;  Witzell’s  Grove,  at  College  Point;  the  grounds  of  the  Little  Neck  Yacht  Club, 
located  at  the  sandpit  on  Little  Neck  bay;  the  grounds  of  the  Jamaica  Bay  Yacht  Club, 
located  at  Rockaway  Beach;  the  grounds  of  the  College  Point  Gun  Club,  located  on 
the  meadow  land  between  College  Point  and  Flushing,  bounded  as  follows :  on  the 
east  by  the  tracks  of  the  Long  Island  Railroad,  on  the  west  by  the  Causeway;  on  the 
north  by  College  Point,  and  on  the  south  by  Flushing;  the  grounds  of  the  College 
Point  Rifle  Club,  25th  street  and  Third  avenue,  Whitestone;  the  grounds  of  the  Little 
Neck  Bay  Yacht  Club,  Bayside;  the  grounds  of  the  Rockaway  Yacht  Club,  Inc.,  at 
Sixth  avenue  and  Jamaica  Bay,  Rockaway  Park;  the  grounds  of  the  Jamaica  Avenue 
Gun  Club,  between  Brandt’s  Hotel  and  Union  Turnpike,  Flushing;  the  grounds  of 
the  Malba  Field  and  Marine  Club,  at  Malba;  the  premises  of  James  I.  Reynolds,  24 
Degrauw  avenue,  Jamaica;  the  grounds  of  the  Douglaston  Company  of  the  Home 
Defense  League  in  the  gravel  pit  east  of  Jackson  avenue,  on  the  road  to  the  water 
works,  Douglaston;  the  premises  of  the  General  Chemical  Company,  situated  between 
Montgomery,  Hobson  and  Halle  avenues,  and  the  Long  Island  Railroad,  Laurel  Hill; 
the  grounds  of  the  Forest  Hills  Gun  Club,  situated  on  the  marsh  lands  east  of  Semi¬ 
nole  avenue,  Forest  Hills;  the  quarters  of  Company  A  of  the  Home  Defense  League, 
in  the  cellar  of  the  old  armory  on  Amity  street,  Flushing;  the  grounds  of  the  Broad 
Channel  Yacht  Club  on  Jamaica  Bay,  on  the  easterly  side  of  the  railroad  trestle  ex¬ 
tending  200  feet  over  the  waters  of  Jamaica  Bay; 

5.  In  the  Borough  of  Richmond — The  Robin  Hood  Gun  Club,  Fourth  ward ;  Wes- 
terleigh  Men’s  Club,  south  of  Main  street,  West  New  Brighton;  the  grounds  of  the 
Northfield  Gun  Club  on  Old  Stone  Park,  Graniteville,  Third  ward;  the  field  of  the 
West  End  Gun  Club,  situated  on  Woodrow  road,  midway  between  Huguenot  ave¬ 
nue,  and  Foster  road,  Huguenot;  the  grounds  assigned  to  the  use  of  the  Boys’  Brigade 
on  the  Cole  farm  at  Great  Kills;  the  grounds  of  the  Kreischerville  Rifle  Club,  located 
near  Kreischerville,  about  500  yards  east  of  Fresh  Kill  road  and  200  yards  south  of 
Sharrott’s  road. 

(As  amended  at  various  times.) 

§3.  Sale  of  toy=pistoIs. 

No  person  qhall  sell  or  dispose  of  to  a  minor  any  toy-pistol  or  pistol  that  can  be 
loaded  with  powder  and  ball  or  blank  cartridge  to  be  exploded  by  means  of  metal 
caps;  but  nothing  herein  contained  shall  apply  to  the  sale  or  disposal  of  what  are 
known  as  firecracker  pistols,  torpedo  pistols  or  such  pistols  as  are  used  for  the  explosion 
of  paper  caps.  (§37,  Manhattan  ords.) 


296 


FIRE-ARMS. 


§4.  Cannon  firing. 

No  member  of  a  military  organization  nor  any  other  person  shall  discharge  a 
cannon  or  other  piece  of  artillery,  without  a  permit  from  the  mayor  so  to  do;  but  in 
no  case  shall  the  calibre  of  the  cannon  or  other  piece  of  artillery  discharged  or  fired 
exceed  that  of  a  4-pounder.  The  provisions  of  this  section,  except  that  relating  to  the 
calibre  of  the  gun,  shall  not  be  operative  on  July  4th,  in  each  year. 

§5.  Violations. 

Any  person  who  shall  wilfully  violate  any  provision  of  this  chapter  shall,  upon 
conviction,  be  punished  by  a  fine  of  not  more  than  $50,  or  by  imprisonment  not  ex¬ 
ceeding  30  days,  or  by  both  such  fine  and  imprisonment.  (§34,  Manhattan  ords.) 


297 


CHAPTER  12. 

FIRES  AND  FIRE  PREVENTION. 


Article  1. 
2. 


Section  1. 
2. 

3. 

4. 

5. 

6. 

7. 

8. 


Fire  extinction. 
Fire  prevention. 


ARTICLE  1. 

Fire  Extinction. 

Jurisdiction  over  harbor  fires. 

Idle  or  suspicious  persons  may  be  dispersed. 

Fire  hose;  hose  bridges. 

Fire-hydrants. 

Fire-alarm  telegraph. 

Street  fires,  permits  required. 

Lighted  matches,  cigars,  cigarettes,  discarding  of,  regulated. 
Violations. 


§1.  Jurisdiction  over  harbor  fires. 

In  case  of  fire  occurring  on  any  vessel  in  the  port  of  New  York,  or  in  or  upon 
any  dock,  wharf,  pier,  warehouse,  building  or  other  structure  bordering  upon  or  ad¬ 
jacent  to  said  port,  full  power  and  authority  to  direct  and  command  operation  of 
extinguishing  the  said  fire,  and  to  take  the  necessary  precautions  to  prevent  communi¬ 
cation  thereof  to  the  shipping  in  said  port  or  to  the  docks,  wharves,  piers,  warehouses 
or  other  buildings  or  structures  bordering  upon  or  adjacent  thereto,  shall  be  vested  in 
the  fire  department  of  the  city.  The  officers  of  the  fire  department,  in  charge  at  the 
scene  of  any  such  fire,  shall  have  full  power  and  authority  to  direct  the  operation 
of  extinguishing  the  same,  and  to  take  the  necessary  precautions  to  prevent  the  com¬ 
munication  thereof  to  the  shipping  in  said  port,  or  to  any  docks,  wharves,  piers,  ware¬ 
houses  or  other  buildings  or  structures  bordering  upon  or  adjacent  thereto;  and,  in  the 
course  of  such  operation,  they  may  prohibit  the  approach  to  such  fire,  or  to  a  vessel, 
dock,  wharf,  pier,  warehouse  or  other  building  or  structure  in  danger  therefrom,  of 
any  tugboat  or  other  vessel,  or  of  any  person ;  or  may  remove,  or  cause  to  be  removed 
and  kept  away  from  the  vicinity  of  such  fire,  all  tugboats  or  other  vessels,  all  idle 
and  suspicious  persons  and  all  persons  not  fit  to  be  employed,  or  not  actually  and 
usefully  employed,  in  their  judgment,  in  aiding  the  extinguishing  of  such  fire  or  in  the 
preservation  of  property  in  the  vicinity  thereof.  No  person  shall  in  any  way  obstruct 
the  operations  of  the  fire  department  in  connection  with  any  harbor  fire,  nor  disobey 
any  lawful  command  of  the  officers  of  the  department,  in  charge  at  the  scene  of 
such  fire,  or  of  the  police  in  co-operating  with  them;  provided,  that  nothing  in  this 
section  contained  shall  be  construed  to  limit  the  authority  of  the  master  or  officers 
of  any  vessel,  on  fire  or  in  danger  from  fire,  subject  to  the  general  authority  granted 
herein  of  the  department  to  control  operations  in  the  protection  of  the  public  interest. 
(Charter,  §756.) 

§2.  Idle  or  suspicious  persons  may  be  dispersed. 

During  the  actual  prevalence  of  any  fire,  the  officers  of  the  police  and  fire  depart¬ 
ment  shall  remove,  or  cause  to  be  removed  and  kept  away  from  the  vicinity  of  such 
fire,  all  idle  and  suspicious  persons,  and  all  persons  not  fit  to  be  employed,  or  not 
actually  and  usefully  employed  in  aiding  the  extinguishment  of  such  fire  or  in  the 
preservation  of  property  in  the  vicinity  thereof.  (Charter,  §755.) 

298 


FIRES  AND  FIRE  PREVENTION. 


§3.  Fire  hose;  hose  bridges. 

No  driver  of  a  vehicle,  nor  chauffeur  of  a  motor-vehicle,  shall  drive  any  such 
vehicle  over  or  across  any  hose  in  use,  or  about  to  be  used,  or  while  lying  in  the 
carriagaway  after  being  used  by  any  portion  of  the  fire  department,  for  extinguishing 
fire;  but  the  provisions  of  this  section  shall  not  apply  to  drivers  of  wagons  carrying 
the  United  States  mail,  nor  to  drivers  of  ambulances  when  conveying  any  patient  or 
injured  person  to  any  hospital,  or  when  proceeding  to  the  scene  of  any  accident  by 
which  any  person  or  persons  have  been  injured;  nor  to  the  driver  of  any  vehicle 
directed  or  permitted  to  drive  over  or  across  any  such  hose,  by  the  officer  of  the  fire 
department  in  command  of  the  force  operating  at  a  fire.  The  fire  commissioner  is 
empowered  to  provide  for  laying  fire  hose  over  the  railway  tracks  of  the  City,  when 
necessary,  by  suitable  hose-bridges.  Railway  companies  operating  cars  within  the 
city  shall  provide,  pay  for  and  use  such  hose-bridges  as  may  be  designated  by  the 
commissioner.  (C.  O.,  §§550,  550a;  §83,  Manhattan  ords. ;  §27,  Brooklyn  ords. ; 
Charter,  §749.) 

§4.  Fire=hydrants. 

1.  Opening  or  tampering  with.  No  person,  other  than  an  employee  of  the  depart¬ 
ment  of  water  supply,  gas  and  electricity,  or  the  fire  department,  shall  open,  use  or 
tamper  with  a  fire-hydrant  or  high-pressure  hydrant,  without  previous  permission  in 
writing  from  the  commissioner  of  water  supply,  gas  and  electricity;  nor  shall  any 
person  leave  such  a  hydrant  open  for  a  longer  period  than  shall  be  limited  in  the  per¬ 
mission  or  use  water  for  other  purposes  than  shall  have  been  authorized  by  the  com¬ 
missioner.  (C.  O.,  §§288,  291,  204;  §1,  ords.  of  L.  I.  City;  Charter,  §750.) 

2.  Obstructing.  No  person  shall  in  any  manner  obstruct  the  use  of  any  fire 
hydrant,  or  allow  any  snow  or  ice  to  be  thrown  or  piled  upon  or  around  the  same, 
or  place,  or  allow  to  be  placed,  any  material  or  thing  in  front  thereof,  from  the  curb 
line  to  the  center  of  the  street  and  to  within  10  feet  from  either  side  thereof.  All  snow 
and  ice  accumulating  in  the  street,  within  the  space  hereinbefore  mentioned,  shall  be 
removed  by  the  owner,  lessee,  or  tenant,  of  the  premises  fronting  the  said  space,  in 
the  same  manner  as  is  prescribed  for  the  keeping  clear  of  the  sidewalk.  All  material 
or  things  found  obstructing  any  fire  hydrant  may  be  forthwith  removed  by  the  officers 
or  employees  of  the  fire  department,  at  the  risk,  cost  and  expense,  of  the  owner  or 
claimant.  The  fire  commissioner  shall  take  all  proper  measures  to  keep  fire  hydrants 
from  freezing,  and  in  proper  condition  for  use  at  all  times.  (Id.) 

§5.  Fire=alarm  telegraph. 

1.  Protection  of.  The  fire-alarm  telegraph  system  shall  not  be  operated  or  used 
except  by  the  fire  commissioner,  or  officers  and  employees  of  the  fire  department 
charged  with  its  operation  or  maintenance  or  authorized  to  use  it  for  instruction  or 
drill;  provided  policemen  and  citizens  may  freely  operate  the  same  to  communicate 
actual  alarms  of  fire.  No  person  shall  use  the  keys  or  appliances  thereof  for  com¬ 
municating  a  false  alarm;  nor  shall  any  person  experiment  or  tamper  therewith,  for 
any  purpose  whatever,  or  have  or  possess  any  key  thereof,  without  such  authority.  No 
person  shall  post,  paint,  impress,  or  in  any  way  affix  to  any  pole  connected  with  the 
fire-larm  telegraph,  or  any  box,  wire  or  other  appliance  connected  therewith,  any 
placard,  sign,  broadside,  notice,  or  announcement  of  any  kind;  nor  shall  any  person 
.✓cut,  mutilate,  alter,  mar,  deface,  cover,  obstruct  or  interfere  with  the  same  in  any 
manner  whasoever;  nor  paint  or  cause  to  be  painted  the  poles  of  any  other  telegraph, 
or  any  other  poles  on  the  lines  thereof,  of  a  color  or  colors,  similar  to  those  of  poles 
upon  which  are  fire  alarm  boxes,  or  in  imitation  thereof,  nor  consent,  allow,  or  be 
privy  to  any  of  said  things  done  for  them  or  upon  their  behalf.  (Charter,  §729;  C.  O., 
$532;  §§19,  22,  Brooklyn  ords.;  §§4,  5,  Arverne  ords.) 


299 


CHAP.  12,  ART.  1,  SECS.  6-8. 

2.  Kite-flying.  No  kite  shall  be  flown,  raised,  or  put  up  in  any  street  adjacent 
to  the  lines  of  said  telegraph,  or  be  allowed  to  become  entangled  with  the  wires  or 
apparatus  thereof.  (Id.) 

3.  False-alarms.  No  person  shall  wilfully  or  designedly  raise,  create  or  con¬ 
tinue  a  false-alarm  of  fire,  or  aid,  abet  or  assist  in  raising,  creating  or  continuing 
such  a  false  alarm.  (Id.) 

Police  officers  are  specially  charged  and  directed  to  aid  in  the  enforcement  of 
this  section.  (Id.) 

§6.  Street  fires,  permits  required. 

No  person  shall  kindle,  build,  maintain  or  use  a  fire  upon  any  dock,  pier  or  bulk¬ 
head;  nor  in  or  upon  a  street  or  vacant  lot,  without  a  permit  from  the  fire  commis¬ 
sioner.  A  permit  to  kindle,  build,  maintain  and  use  a  fire  in  or  upon  a  .public  street, 
for  the  purpose  of  conducting  a  trade  or  business,  may  be  issued  by  the  fire  commis¬ 
sioner  upon  an  application  giving  such  information  as  may  be  required  by  him,  and 
upon  receipt  of  a  fee  of  $0.50;  except  that  no  fee  shall  be  required  for  permits  issued 
for  the  kindling  and  maintaining  of  such  fires  for  the  sole  purpose  of  destroying  fallen 
leaves  outside  of  the  fire  limits.  No  permit  shall  be  issued,  however,  to  kindle,  build, 
maintain  or  use  a  fire — 

(a)  Within  15  feet  of  a  fire  hydrant; 

(b)  Within  2  feet  of  the  surface  of  any  stone  pavement; 

(c)  On,  or  within  2  feet  of  the  surface  of  any  asphalt  pavement,  except  for 
the  purpose  of  repairing,  removing  or  constructing  the  same. 

A  fire  kindled,  built  and  maintained  under  a  permit,  issued  in  conformity  with 
the  provisions  of  this  section,  shall  be  continuously  under  the  care  and  direction  of 
a  competent  person  from  the  time  it  is  kindled  until  it  is  extinguished.  (Mun.  Expl. 
Regs.,  §§594-597;  C.  O.,  §546;  §11,  Arverne  ords. ;  §7,  Rockaway  Beach  ords.,  amended 
by  ord.  effective  Apr.  11,  1916.) 

§7.  Lighted  matches,  cigars,  cigarettes,  discarding  of,  regulated. 

No  person  shall  throw  away  any  lighted  match,  cigar  or  cigarette  within  any 
building  or  structure  on  in  any  boat,  car  or  other  vehicle  for  the  common  carriage  of 
passengers  unless  it  be  to  deposit  the  same  in  a  suitable  container  of  metal  or  other 
non-combustible  material  provided  for  the  reception  thereof.  (Added  by  ord.  effective 
Dec.  31,  1915.) 

§8.  Violations. 

Any  person  who  shall  violate,  or  refuse  or  neglect  to  comply  with,  any  provision 
of  this  article  shall,  upon  conviction  thereof,  be  punished  by  a  fine  of  not  more  than 
$100,  or  by  imprisonment  not  exceeding  30  days,  or  by  both  such  fine  and  imprison¬ 
ment;  and  any  such  person  shall,  also,  for  each  offense,  be  subject  to  the  payment  of  a 
penalty  in  the  sum  of  $50,  to  be  recovered  in  a  civil  action  brought  in  the  name  of 
the  commissioner.  (New.) 

ARTICLE  2. 

Fire  Prevention. 

Section  20.  Fire-alarm  and  fire-extinguishing  appliances. 

*20a.  Elevator  in  readiness. 

21.  Watchmen;  interior  fire-alarms;  diagrams  of  means  of  egress. 

22.  Fire-drills  in  schools ;  interference  with. 

23.  Lights. 

24.  Storage  of  combustible  fibres. 

*Added  by  ord.  effective  June  26,  1917. 

300 


FIRES  AND  FIRE  PREVENTION. 


Section  25.  Storage  of  empty  wooden  packing  boxes,  cases  and  barrels. 

26.  Modifications. 

27.  Smoking. 

28.  Barns  and  stables. 

29.  Ashes. 

30.  Chimneys  and  flues. 

*30a.  Vessels  required  to  be  equipped  with  spark  arresters,  etc. 

31.  Violations. 

f32.  Charitable  institutions ;  waiving  of  fees. 


§20.  Fire=alarm  and  fire=extinguishing  appliances. 

The  owners  and  proprietors  of  all  manufactories,  hotels,  tenement-houses,  apart¬ 
ment  houses,  office  buildings,  boarding  and  lodging-houses,  warehouses,  stores  and 
offices,  theatres  and  music  halls,  and  the  authorities  or  persons  having  charge  of  all 
hospitals  and  asylums,  and  of  the  public  schools  and  other  public  buildings,  churches 
and  other  places  where  large  numbers  of  persons  are  congregated  for  purposes  of 
worship,  instruction  or  amusement,  shall  provide  such  means  of  communicating  alarms 
of  fire,  accident  or  danger  to  the  police  and  fire  departments,  respectively,  as  the  fire 
commissioner  or  the  police  commissioner  may  prescribe,  and  shall  also  provide  such 
fire  hose,  fire  extinguishers,  buckets,  axes,  fire  hooks,  fire  doors  and  other  means  of 
preventing  and  extinguishing  fires  as  the  fire  commissioner  may  direct.  (Ord.,  ef¬ 
fective  Jan.  1,  1912.) 

§20a.  Elevator  in  readiness. 

In  every  building  exceeding  150  feet  in  height,  at  least  one  elevator  shall  be  kept 
in  readiness  for  immediate  use  by  the  fire  department,  during  all  hours  of  the  night 
and  day,  including  holidays  and  Sundays,  and  there  shall  be  in  attendance  at  all  times 
a  man  competent  to  operate  the  elevator.  (Added  by  ord.  effective  June  26,  1917.) 

§21.  Watchmen;  interior  fire=alarms;  diagrams  of  means  of  egress. 

il.  Watchmen.  In  every  building  used  or  occupied  as  a  hotel,  lodging-house  or 
public  or  private  hospital  or  asylum,  there  shall  be  employed  by  the  owner  or  pro¬ 
prietor,  or  other  person  having  the  charge  or  management  thereof,  one  or  more  watch¬ 
men  whose  exclusive  duty  it  shall  be  to  visit  every  portion  of  such  building  at  regular 
and  frequent  intervals,  under  rules  and  regulations  to  be  established  by  the  commis¬ 
sioner,  for  the  purpose  of  detecting  fire  or  other  sources  of  danger,  and  giving  timely 
warning  thereof  to  the  inmates  of  the  building.  There  shall  be  provided  a  watch¬ 
man’s  clock,  or  other  device,  to  be  approved  by  the  commissioner,  by  means  of  which 
the  movements  of  the  watchman  may  be  recorded.  The  fire  commissioner  may,  how¬ 
ever,  in  his  discretion,  accept  an  automatic  fire  alarm  system  in  lieu  of  watchmen  and 
time  detectors.  (Amended  by  ord.  effective  Sept.  18,  1917.) 

2.  Interior  fire  alarms.  In  every  hotel,  lodging-house,  public  or  private  hospital 
or  asylum,  department  store,  and  public  school,  there  shall  be  placed  and  provided, 
when  required  by  the  fire  commissioner,  an  adequate  and  reliable  electrical  or  other 
interior  alarm  system,  to  be  approved  by  the  said  commissioner,  by  means  of  which 
alarms  of  fire  or  other  danger  may  be  instantly  communicated  to  every  portion  of  the 
building.  The  fire  alarm  apparatus  arid  all  other  appliances  placed  or  kept  within  any 
of  said  buildings  for  the  purpose  of  preventing  or  extinguishing  fires,  or  for  affording 
means  of  escape  therefrom  in  case  of  fire,  shall  be  kept  at  all  times  in  good  working 
order  and  proper  condition  for  immediate  use,  and  any  member  of  the  uniformed 
force  or  authorized  representative  of  the  fire  department  may  enter  any  of  the  said 
buildings  at  any  time,  for  the  purpose  of  inspecting  such  apparatus  or  appliances. 
(Amended  by  ord.  effective  Jan.  7,  1918.) 


*Added  by  ord.  effective  April  3,  1917.  fAdded  by  ord.  effective  Jan.  7,  1918. 

301 


CHAP.  12,  ART.  2,  SECS.  22-24. 


3.  Diagrams  of  means  of  egress.  In  any  of  the  buildings  referred  to  in  this 
section,  when  required  by  the  fire  commissioner,  there  shall  be  posted  such  cards  as 
the  said  commissioner  shall  direct  upon  which  shall  be  printed  a  diagram  showing 
the  exits,  halls,  stairways,  elevators  and  fire  escapes  of  the  building,  and,  in  the  halls 
and  passageways,  such  signs  as  the  said  commissioner  shall  direct  shall  be  posted 
indicating  the  location  of  the  stairs  and  fire  escapes.  (Amended  by  ord.  effective 
Sept.  18,  1917.) 

§22.  Fire=drills  in  schools;  interference  with. 

No  person  shall  drive  a  vehicle  of  any  kind  through  a  line  of  children  issuing 
from  or  returning  to  a  public  school  during  a  fire  drill,  nor  interfere,  hinder,  obstruct 
or  impede  in  any  way  whatsoever  any  such  fire  drill.  (Ord.  effective  March  11,  1911.) 
§23.  Lights. 

All  lights  used  in  theatres  and  other  places  of  public  amusement,  manufactories, 
stores,  hotels,  lodging-houses  and  in  show  windows  shall  be  properly  protected  by 
globes  or  glass  coverings,  or  in  such  other  manner  as  the  commissioner  shall  pre¬ 
scribe.  (Ord.  effective  Jan.  1,  1912.) 

§24.  Storage  of  combustible  fibres. 

1.  Definition.  As  used  in  this  section,  “combustible  fibre”  means  any  finely 
divided  vegetable  or  animal  fibre,  including  paper  and  cloth,  in  the  form  of  scraps  or 
clipping;  hay;  straw;  excelsior;  dried  moss,  excepting  moss  used  for  medicinal  pur¬ 
poses;  grasses  and  similar  substances.  (Mun.  Expl.  Reg.,  §38.) 

2.  Permit  required.  No  person  shall  store  or  keep  on  hand  in  any  premises  any 
combustible  fibre  or  material  in  excess  of  1  ton  without  a  permit  from  the  com¬ 
missioner;  provided,  however,  that  in  rural  communities  outside  of  fire  limits,  no 
permit  shall  be  required  for  the  storage  of  hay  and  straw  in  barns  or  out-of-doors 
stacks,  where  such  stacks  are  not  within  50  feet  of  a  building  occupied  as  a  dwelling. 
The  annual  fee  for  such  a  permit  shall  be  for  quantities  of  10  tons  or  more,  $10; 
over  5  tons  and  less  than  10  tons,  $5;  over  1  ton,  and  less  than  5  tons,  $2.  (Mun. 
Expl.  Regs.,  §§112,  581;  amended  by  ord.  effective  July  16,  1915.) 

3.  Restrictions.  No  permit  shall  be  issued  for  such  storage  in  any  building  or 
premises : 

a.  Situated  within  50  feet  of  the  nearest  wall  of  a  building  occupied  as  a 
school,  hospital,  theatre  or  other  place  of  public  amusement  or  assembly; 

b.  Occupied  as  a  tenement  house,  or  hotel; 

c.  Of  wooden  construction,  except  in  sparsely  populated  districts,  where  it  shall 
be  in  the  discretion  of  the  commissioner ; 

d.  Which  is  not  equipped  with  a  fire  extinguishing  system,  approved  by  the 
fire  commissioner; 

c.  Where  paints,  varnishes,  or  lacquers  are  manufactured,  stored  or  kept  for 
sale; 

f.  Where  dry  goods,  or  other  highly  inflammable  materials  are  manufactured, 
stored  or  kept  for  sale ; 

g.  Where  matches,  rosin,  turpentine  or  any  explosives  are  stored  or  kept 
(Mun.  Expl.  Regs.,  §584.) 

4.  Weight  limit.  No  person  shall  store  upon  any  floor  of  a  building  any  com¬ 
bustible  fibre  exceeding  in  weight  1/3  of  the  safe  bearing  capacity  of  such  floor,  as 
certified  by  the  bureau  of  buildings  having  jurisdiction;  or  covering,  when  baled, 
more  than  2/3  of  the  floor  space  of  such  floor,  and  no  such  material  shall  be  piled 
to  a  greater  height  than  2/3  of  the  distance  from  the  floor  to  the  ceiling.  (Mun. 
Expl.  Regs.  §584.) 

5.  Exemption.  A  person  who  holds  a  permit,  issued  under  chapter  10  of  this 
ordinance,  for  a  business  to  which  the  use  of  combustible  fibres  is  an  incident,  shall 

302 


FIRES  AND  FIRE  PREVENTION. 


not  be  required  to  obtain  an  additional  permit  under  the  provisions  of  this  article. 
(Mun.  Expl.  Regs.,  §585.) 

6.  Factories.  The  storage  of  combustible  fibres  in  any  building  used  as  a  factory 
or  workshop  (except  where  such  combustible  fibre  enters  into  the  article  or  material 
manufactured  in  such  workshop  or  factory)  is  prohibited,  unless  such  combustible 
fibre  does  not  exceed  5  tons  and  is  used  and  stored  in  a  portion  of  the  premises 
separated  from  the  remainder  of  the  building  by  walls,  floors  and  ceilings,  protected 
by  fire  retarding  material  and  with  all  floor  openings  similarly  protected  and  con¬ 
structed  in  a  manner  approved  by  the  fire  commissioner.  In  no  event  shall  more  than 
1  permit  be  granted  for  the  storage  of  combustible  fibre  in  a  single  building  used 
as  a  factory  or  workshop.  (New;  added  by  ord.  effective  July  16,  1915.) 

§25.  Storage  of  empty  wooden  packing  boxes,  cases  and  barrels. 

1.  Permit  required.  No  person  shall  store  in  any  building,  shed,  inclosure  or  other 
structure  any  empty  wooden  packing  boxes,  cases  or  barrels,  in  a  quantity  occupying  a 
space  greater  than  2,000  cubic  feet,  without  a  permit  from  the  commissioner.  The 
annual  fee  for  such  a  permit  shall  be  $5.  (Mun.  Expl.  Regs.,  §§123,  587.) 

2.  Restrictions.  No  permit  shall  be  issued  for  the  storage  of  empty  wooden 
packing  boxes,  cases  or  barrels  in  any  lot,  shed  or  inclosure : 

a.  Which  is  not  enclosed  by  a  substantial  fence  not  less  than  10  nor  more  than 
18  feet  in  height  above  the  street  level.  If  any  building  having  an  unpierced  fire  wall 
adjoins  the  enclosure  no  fence  shall  be  required  on  the  side  of  such  building.  The 
storage  space  shall  be  completely  separated  from  any  window  or  door  openings  of  the 
wall  of  an  adjoining  building  by  a  substantial  fence  of  fire-retarding  material,  of  a 
height  satisfactory  to  the  fire  commissioner,  erected  at  least  6  feet  from  such  opening 
and  extended  at  least  6  feet  on  each  side  thereof  and  continued  to  the  sides  of  the 
enclosure  or  carried  to  the  walls  of  the  building. 

No  permit  shall  be  issued  authorizing  the  storage  of  empty  wooden  packing 

boxes  or  barrels  in  any  building  or  structure  the  walls  of  which  are  not  built  of  fire¬ 

proof  material  except  in  sparsely  populated  districts. 

b.  Which  is  situated  within  50  feet  of  the  nearest  wall  of  a  building  occupied 
as  a  hospital,  school,  theatre  or  other  place  of  public  amusement  or  assembly.  (Mun. 
Expl.  Regs.,  §§589,  590;  amended  by  ord.  effective  May  25,  1915.) 

!$.  Fire  prevention.  No  person  shall  pile  empty  wooden  packing  boxes,  cases  or 
barrels  to  a  height  greater  than  6  inches  below  the  top  of  the  inclosing  wall,  required 
by  subdivision  2  of  this  section.  Excelsior,  sawdust,  paper  and  packing  material  shall 
be  removed  from  the  premises  at  least  once  daily;  electric  motors  shall  be  enclosed 

in  an  approved  manner;  at  least  12  water  buckets  of  10  quarts  capacity  shall  be 

provided  for  every  2,500  square  feet  of  floor  surface,  or  in  lieu  thereof,  hose  of  at 
least  1  inch  in  diameter,  equipped  with  a  nozzle  of  at  least  inch  in  diameter 
sufficient  in  length  to  reach  all  parts  of  the  enclosure,  and  connected  to  an  ade¬ 
quate  water  supply.  (Mun.  Expl.  Regs.,  §§591,  592;  amended  by  ord.  effective 
May  25,  1915.) 

§26.  Modifications. 

When  the  circumstances,  conditions,  limitations  or  surroundings  of  any  busi¬ 
ness,  occupation,  trade,  industry  or  premises,  referred  to  in  sections  24  and  25  of 
this  article,  are  unusual, .  or  such  as  to  render  impracticable  or  unduly  burdensome 
the  enforcement  of  the  provisions  of  the  said  sections  applicable  thereto,  the  fire 
commissioner  may  waive  or  modify  such  provisions  to  such  extent  as  he  may  deem 
necessary  in  the  premises  consistent  with  public  safety.  (Added  by  ord.  effective 
Apr.  25,  1916.) 


303 


CHAP.  12,  ART.  2,  SECS.  27-31. 


§27.  Smoking. 

No  person  shall  smoke  or  carry  a  lighted  cigar,  cigarette,  pipe  or  match  within 
any  room,  enclosed  space,  cellar,  basement,  or  in  any  part  of  any  premises  in  which  any 
highly  combustible  or  inflammable  material,  is  manufactured,  stored  or  kept  for  use  or 
sale.  Offices,  not  containing  highly  combustible  or  inflammable  material,  and  separated 
from  the  other  parts  of  said  places  or  premises  by  a  tight  partition  or  a  self-closing 
door,  shall  be  exempt  from  this  prohibition.  (Mun.  Expl.  Regs.,  §599.) 

§28.  Barns  and  stables. 

No  person  shall  take  into  or  use  in  any  barn  or  stable  any  lighted  candle,  oil  or 
fluid  lamp,  or  any  burning  light  of  any  kind  whatsoever  unless  the  same  be  inclosed 
and  secured  in  a  good  glass,  horn  or  other  lantern.  (§25,  Brooklyn  ords.) 

§29.  Ashes. 

No  person  shall  deposit  ashes  on  the  wooden  floor  of  any  building,  nor  in  any 
barrel,  or  box,  or  other  wooden  vessel  standing  on  any  such  floor,  nor  place  any 
such  barrel,  box  or  other  vessel  containing  ashes,  upon  any  su.ch  floor.  (§26,  Brooklyn 
ords.) 

§30.  Chimneys  and  flues. 

If  any  chimney,  stove-pipe,  or  flue  shall  take  fire,  the  owner  of  the  building  or 
premises  to  which  such  chimney,  stove-pipe,  or  flue  appertains  shall  forfeit  the  sum  of 
$5,  except  that,  where  a  tenant  occupies  the  entire  building  or  premises,  the  tenant 
and  not  the  owner  of  the  building  shall  forfeit  the  said  sum.  (Charter,  §760.) 

§30a.  Vessels  required  to  be  equipped  with  spark  arresters,  etc. 

1.  It  shall  be  the  duty  of  every  owner,  agent,  master  or  captain  of  any  vessel  or 
craft,  propelled  in  whole  or  in  part  by  steam,  or  on  which  any  steam  engines,  boilers 
or  stoves  are  used,  to  cover  securely  each  funnel  or  smokestack  on  such  vessel  with 
an  efficient  metal  spark  arrester,  the  wire  mesh  of  which  shall  not  be  less  than  four 
to  the  inch,  when  crossing  the  pierhead  line  in  approaching  any  grain  elevator,  or  any 
pier,  in  waters  within  the  jurisdiction  of  the  City,  at  which  cotton  or  naval  stores  are 
being  handled  or  stored,  and  shall  keep  the  same  covered  the  entire  time  while  within 
said  pierhead  line. 

2.  It  shall  be  the  duty  of  every  owner,  agent,  master  or  captain  of  any  such  ves¬ 
sel,  propelled  in  whole  or  in  part  by  steam,  while  loading  or  discharging  cotton  or 
naval  stores  into  or  from  said  vessel  at  any  pier  in  waters  within  the  jurisdiction  of 
the  city,  to  protect  or  have  protected  all  hatch  combings  so  that  the  cargo  of  cotton  or 
naval  stores  so  loaded  or  unloaded  shall  not  come  in  contact  with  the  combings. 

3.  It  shall  be  the  duty  of  every  owner,  agent,  master  or  captain  of  any  vessel 
or  craft,  propelled  in  whole  or  in  part  by  steam,  while  in  waters  within  the  jurisdic¬ 
tion  of  the  city,  and  while  said  vessel  or  craft  is  loading  or  discharging  a  cargo  of 
cotton  or  naval  stores,  to  couple  its  fire  hose  and  keep  the  same  ready  for  use  at 
all  times  while  so  loading  or  discharging  such  cargo  at  said  wharf  or  pier,  and  it 
shall  keep  sufficient  steam  while  so  loading  or  discharging,  at  all  hours,  on  the  donkey 
or  one  of  the  main  boilers,  to  enable  a  full  stream  of  water  to  be  turned  on  in  case 
of  fire  occurring  upon  or  alongside  said  vessel  or  craft;  and  to  supply  such  vessel 
with  sufficient  fire  hose  to  reach  to  each  and  every  hatch  of  said  vessel  or  craft. 
(Added  by  ord.  effective  Jan.  7,  1918.) 

§31.  Violations. 

Except  as  otherwise  provided  in  this  article,  any  person  who  shall  violate,  or  re¬ 
fuse  or  neglect  to  comply  with,  any  provision  of  this  article  shall,  upon  conviction 
thereof,  be  punished  by  a  fine  of  not  more  than  $500,  or  by  imprisonment  not  ex- 

304 


FIRES  AND  FIRE  PREVENTION. 


ceeding  6  months,  or  by  both  such  fine  and  imprisonment;  and  any  such  person  shall, 
also,  for  each  offense,  be  subject  to  the  payment  of  a  penalty  in  the  sum  of  $250,  to  be 
recovered  in  a  civil  action  brought  in  the  name  of  the  commissioner.  (Charter,  §773; 
Penal  Law,  §1937.) 

§32.  Charitable  institutions;  waiving  of  fees. 

No  charitable  institution  in  the  City  of  New  York,  which  serves  the  public  free 
of  charge,  shall  be  required  to  pay  any  fees  for  any  permit  required  under  the  pro¬ 
visions  of  chapter  12  of  the  code  of  ordinances,  provided  the  material  for  which  the 
permit  is  required  is  owned  and  used  in  connection  with  such  institution.  (Added  by 
ord.  effective  April  3,  1917.) 


305 


CHAPTER  13. 
HOSPITALS. 


Article  1.  General  provisions. 


ARTICLE  1. 


General  Provisions. 


Section  1 
2. 

3. 

4. 

5. 


Emergency  cases. 

Incurables;  deaths. 

Insane,  temporary  care. 

Non-residents,  treatment. 

Members  of  the  fire  and  police  departments. 


§1.  Emergency  cases. 

Any  person  injured  or  taken  sick  in  the  street  or  in  any  public  place,  who  may  not 
be  safely  removed  to  his  or  her  home,  may  be  sent  to  and  shall  be  received  by  any  pub¬ 
lic  hospital,  for  temporary  care  and  treatment,  irrespective  of  his  or  her  place  of 
residence.  (Charter,  §692,  subd.  7.) 

§2.  Incurables;  deaths. 

Whenever  any  sick  person  in  any  public  hospital  shall,  in  the  judgment  of  the 
board  or  officer  having  jurisdiction  thereof,  cease  to  be  a  proper  case  for  treatment 
therein,  such  person  shall  be  transferred  to  the  care,  custody  and  control  of  the 
commissioner  of  public  charities,  who  shall  forthwith  receive  and  care  for  such  person. 
In  case  any  sick  person  under  treatment  in  any  public  hospital,  not  under  the  control 
of  the  department  of  public  charities,  shall  die.  the  officer  in  charge  of  such  hospital 
may  call  upon  the  commissioner  of  public  charities  to  receive  and  remove  the  body  of 
such  person,  and  the  commissioner  shall  forthwith  receive  and  remove  the  same  for 
burial,  or  other  proper  disposition.  The  cost  and  expense  of  such  reception,  removal, 
burial,  or  other  proper  disposition  shall  be  borne  and  paid  by  the  department  of  public 
charities.  (Charter,  §692,  subd.  10.) 

§3.  Insane,  temporary  care. 

There  shall  be  provided  and  maintained  in  every  public  hospital  suitable  wards,  or 
rooms,  for  the  examination  and  temporary  care  of  persons  alleged  to  be  insane. 
(Charter,  §692,  subd.  7.) 

§4.  Non=residents,  treatment. 

Persons  who  do  not  reside  in  the  city  may  be  received  and  treated  in  any  public 
hospital ;  provided  the  person  so  received  shall  be  required  to  pay  such  sum  for  board 
and  attendance  as  may  be  fixed  by  the  board  or  officer  in  charge  of  the  hospital,  but 
no  such  person  shall  be  received  to  the  exclusion  of  residents  of  the  city.  The  board 
or  officer,  in  charge  of  a  hospital  receiving  non-resident  patients,  shall  collect  and  pay 
over  all  such  moneys  to  the  chamberlain  once  every  month.  The  board  or  officer,  upon 
receiving  such  payments,  shall  report  the  same  to  the  comptroller,  and  the  amounts 
so  collected  shall  be  paid  into  the  general  fund.  (Charter,  §§678  and  692,  subd.  8.) 

§5.  Members  of  the  fire  and  police  departments. 

Any  member  of  the  uniformed  fire  department  or  police  department  who  shall 
be  injured  or  taken  sick  while  on  duty  shall  be  received  by  any  hospital  for  care  and 
treatment. 

The  cost  and  expense  of  such  care  and  treatment  shall  be  certified  by  the  super¬ 
intendent  or  person  in  charge  of  such  hospital  to  the  comptroller,  who  shall  pay  the 
same,  after  audit.  (Added  by  ord.  effective  May  22,  1917.) 


306 


Article  1. 

CHAPTER  14. 

LICENSES. 

General  provisions. 

2. 

Billiard  and  pool  tables. 

3. 

Bowling  alleys. 

4. 

Dealers  in  second-hand  articles.. 

5. 

Dirt  carts. 

6. 

Expresses  and  expressmen. 

7. 

Exterior  hoists. 

8. 

Hacks,  cabs  and  taxicabs. 

9. 

Junk  dealers. 

9a. 

Pawnbrokers. 

10. 

Peddlers,  hawkers  and  venders. 

11. 

Public  carts  and  cartmen. 

12. 

Public  porters. 

13. 

Shooting  galleries. 

14. 

Street  musicians. 

♦15. 

Massage  institutes  and  operators. 

ARTICLE  1. 

General  Provisions. 

Section  L  When  required. 

2.  Licensees  must  be  citizens. 

3.  How  issued. 

4.  Registration  of  licenses;  deposit  of  fees. 

5.  Suspension  and  revocation  of  licenses. 

6.  Duties  of  licensees. 

7.  Inspections. 

§1.  When  required. 

In  addition  to  the  businesses,  places,  trades,  occupations  and  things  required  to 
be  licensed  by  statute  or  by  other  chapters  of  this  code,  the  following  must  be  duly 
licensed  as  herein  provided,  namely: 

(a)  Billiard  and  pool  tables; 

(b)  Bowling  alleys ; 

( c)  Dealers  in  second-hand  articles  ; 

(d)  Dirt  carts; 

(e)  Drivers  or  chauffeurs  of  hacks,  cabs,  taxicabs  and  expresses; 

(f)  Expresses  and  expressmen; 

(g!  Exterior  hoists; 

(h)  Hacks,  cabs  and  taxicabs; 

(i)  Hand  organs; 

(j)  Itinerant  musicians; 

(k)  Junk  dealers; 

*(kk)  Massage  operators  and  institutes. 

(l)  Peddlers,  hawkers  and  venders; 

(m)  Public  carts  and  cartmen;  • 

(n)  Public  porters ; 

(o)  Shooting  galleries ; 

(p)  Street  musicians ; 

(q)  Stands  within  stoop  lines  and  under  the  stairs  of  elevated  or  subway  stations; 
(♦Added  by  ord.  approved  Nov.  27,  1916.) 

307 


CHAP.  14,  ART.  1,1  SECS.  2-5. 

No  person  shall  engage  in,  or  carry  on  any  business,  trade  or  occupation  or  main¬ 
tain  any  place  or  thing  specified  in  this  section  without  a  license  therefor.  (C.  O., 
§§305,  306.) 

§2.  Licensees  must  be  citizens. 

No  person  shall  be  licensed  under  any  provision  of  this  chapter  or  of  chapter 
3  of  this  ordinance,  except  a  citizen  of  the  United  States,  or  one  who  has  regularly 
declared  his  intention  to  become  a  citizen.  (C.  O.,  §307.) 

§3.  How  issued. 

All  applications  for  licenses  shall  be  made  to  the  commissioner  of  licenses,  in  such 
form  and  detail,  as  he  shall  prescribe.  All  licenses  shall  be  issued  on  etablished  forms, 
which  shall  be  printed  in  book  form  with  corresponding  stubs.  They  shall  be  con¬ 
secutively  numbered,  with  suitable  blank  spaces  for  writing  in  the  name  and  residence 
of  licensee,  the  kind  and  class  of  license  granted,  the  location  and  privileges  allowed 
and  th/s  amount  of  fee  paid.  All  licenses  shall  be  granted  for  a  term  of  1  year  from 
the  date  hereof,  unless  sooner  suspended  or  revoked,  or  otherwise  specifically  provided 
by  law  or  ordinance.  (C.  O.,  §§302,  303,  307.) 

§4.  Registration  of  Licenses;  deposit  of  fees. 

All  licenses,  shall  be  duly  classified  and  recorded  in  suitable  registers  and  fully 
indexed.  There  shall  be  kept  in  the  principal  office  of  the  department  and  in  each 
and  every  branch  office  thereof,  a  book  recording  consecutively,  day  by  day,  each 
license  issued,  showing  its  kind  and  class,  whether  new  or  renewal,  name  of  licensee, 
regular  number  of  blank  form  and  amount  of  fee  received  therefor.  A  daily  report, 
showing  all  of  the  above  details,  shall  be  made  by  each  branch  office  to  the  principal 
office  of  the  department.  There  shall  also  be  kept  in  the  principal  office  of  the 
department  a  book  showing  a  statement  of  all  licenses  issued,  and  fees  received  by  the 
department  and  its  branches,  tabulated  by  days,  months  and  quarters  of  the  year,  and 
compiled  annually.  Each  register  of  licenses  shall  be  a  public  record  and  extracts 
therefrom  may  be  certified  by  the  commissioner  of  licenses,  or  a  deputy  commissioner 
or  assistant  in  charge  of  a  branch  office  of  the  department,  for  use-  as  evidence.  All 
moneys  received  as  license  fees  shall  be  duly  deposited  in  a  designated  city  depository 
the  day  following  their  receipt.  (C.  O.,  §§302,  303,  304.) 

§5.  Suspension  and  revocation  of  licenses. 

The  commissioner  of  licenses  is  empowered  to  hear  and  determine  complaints 
against  licensees,  and  to  suspend  or  revoke  any  license  or  permit  issued  by  him,  under 
any  provision  of  this  ordinance.  The  commissioner  when  investigating  any  matters 
pertaining  to  the  granting,  issuing,  trasferring,  renewing,  revoking,  suspending  or 
•  cancelling  of  any  license,  is  hereby  authorized  in  his  discretion  to  take  such  testi¬ 
mony  as  may  be  necessary  on  which  to  base  official  action.  When  taking  such  testi¬ 
mony,  he  may  subpoena  witnesses  and  also  direct  the  production  before  him  of  neces¬ 
sary  and  material  books  and  papers.  The  commissioner  may,  in  his  discretion,  delegate 
to  the  deputy  commissioners  of  licenses,  to  the  chief  of  the  division  of  licensed 
vehicles  and  the  chief  of  the  Brooklyn  office  of  the  department  the  power  and  duty 
of  taking  testimony,  and  the  said  officials  when  so  delegated  may  subpoena  witnesses, 
books  and  papers  with  the  same  force  and  effect  as  if  subpoenaed  by  the  commis¬ 
sioner.  The  said  delegated  officials  shall  have  the  testimony  taken  before  them  reduced 
-to  writing  and  transmit  the  same  to  the ‘commissioner  for  final  action. 

The  commissioner  or  a  deputy  commissioner  of  licenses,  the  chief  of  the  division 
of  licensed  vehicles  or  the  chief  of  the  Brooklyn  office  of  the  department,  shall  have 
power  to  hear  and  determine  complaints  against  licensees  hereunder  and  impose  a  fine, 
of  not  more  than  $5  or  less  than  $1,  for  any  violation  of  the  provisions  of  this  chapter, 
and  each  of  such  officers  shall  have  power  to  suspend  a  license  pending  the  payment 

308 


LICENSES. 


of  such  fine.  All  such  fines,  when  collected,  shall  be  paid  into  the  sinking  fund  for  the 
redemption  of  the  city  debt.  (C.  O.,  §§307,  378.) 

§6.  Duties  of  Licensees. 

1.  General.  Every  person  holding  a  license  issued  under  any  provision  -of  this 
chapter  shall  exhibit  the  same  upon  demand  of  any  person,  and  shall  report  to  the 
department  any  change  of  residence  or  place  of  business,  within  3  days  of  such  change. 
A  licensee  shall  at  all  times  render  any  public  services  within  scope  of  his  license  when 
called  upon,  unless  actually  unable  so  to  do.  (C.  O.,  §375.) 

2.  Badges.  Every  licensed  hackman,  whenever  with  a  hack  or  waiting  for 
employment  anywhere  in  the  city,  every  licensed  peddler  while  peddling,  and  every 
person  while  using  a  licensed  junk  cart  or  boat,  shall  wear  conspicuously  on  the  right 
breast  of  the  outer  coat  a  metal  badge,  of  the  shape,  size  and  style  prescribed  by  the 
commissioner  of  licenses,  having  engraved  or  embossed  thereon  the  official  designation 
and  number  of  the  license,  together  with  the  words  “New  York  City.”  (C.  O.,  §377.) 

3.  Licensed  vehicles,  designation  of.  All  words,  letters  and  numbers,  herinafter 
prescribed  for  licensed  vehicles,  shall  be  shown  permanently  and  conspicuously  on 
each  outside  thereof,  in  colors  contrasting  strongly  with  the  background,  and  not  less 
than  2  inches  high,  as  directed  or  approved  by  the  commissioner  of  licenses,  and  shall 
be  kept  legible  and  plainly  visible  at  all  times  during  the  term  of  the  license ;  and 
shall  be  obliterated  or  erased  upon  change  of  ownership  or  expiration  of  the  license ; 
and  no  person  shall  have  or  use  any  vehicle  with  words,  letters  or  numbers  thereon  like 
those  herein  prescribed  for  licensed  vehicles,  without  being  duly  licensed  therefor. 
(C.  O.,  §376.) 

§7.  Inspections. 

All  licensed  vehicles  or  places  of  business  shall  be  regularly  inspected.  The  result 
of  each  inspection  shall  be  endorsed  on  the  license  therefor,  together  with  the  date 
of  the  inspection  and  the  signature  of  the  inspector.  A  report  of  all  inspections  shall 
be  regularly  reported  to  the  commissioner  of  licenses.  (C.  O.,  §374.) 


ARTICLE  2. 


Section  20. 
21. 


Billiard  and  Pool  Tables. 

General  provisions. 

License  fee. 


§20.  General  provisions. 

Any  pool  or  billiard  table  in  a  place  open  to  the  public  shall  be  deemed  to  be 
included  within  the  terms  of  this  ordinance,  and  every  keeper  of  a  public  place  where 
there  are  pool  or  billiard  tables  shall  maintain  good  order  and  allow  no  persons  under 
16  years  of  age  to  play  therein.  (C.  O.,  §355.) 


§21.  License  fee. 

The  annual  license  fee  for  each  public  billiard  Or  pool  table  shall  be  $3. 
§307.) 


ARTICLE  3. 


(C.  O., 


Bowling  Alleys. 

Section  30.  General  provisions. 

31.  License  fee. 

§30.  General  provisions. 

Any  bowling  alley  in  a  place  open  to  the  public  shall  be  deemed  to  be  included 
within  the  terms  of  this  ordinance,  and  every  keeper  of  a  public  bowling  alley  shall 

309 


CHAP.  14,  ARTS.  3,  4,  SECS.  31-42. 


maintain  good  order  and  allow  no  person  under  16  years  of  age  to  bowl  therein. 
(C.  O.,  §354.) 

§31.  License  fee. 

The  annual  license  fee  for  each  public  bowling  alley  shall  be  $5.  (C.  O.,  §307.) 


Section  40. 

41. 

42. 

43. 

44. 

45. 

46. 


^ARTICLE  4. 

Dealers  in  Secondhand  Articles. 

Definition;  exceptions. 

License;  terms;  fee  and  bond. 

Record  of  purchases  and  sales. 

Report  to  the  police  commissioner. 
Restrictions. 

Lost  or  stolen  property. 

Violations. 


§40.  Definition;  exceptions. 

Any  person,  co-partnership,  or  corporation  dealing  in  the  purchase  or  sale  of 
second-hand  articles  of  whatever  nature,  or  dealing  in  the  purchase  or  sale  of  any 
second-hand  manufactured  article  composed  wholly  or  in  part  of  gold,  silver,  platinum 
or  other  metals,  or  in  the  purchase  or  sale  of  old  gold,  silver  or  platinum,  or  any 
person,  co-partnership  or  corporation  dealing  in  the  purchase  of  articles  or  things 
comprised  of  gold,  silver  or  platinum  for  the  purpose  of  melting  or  refining,  or 
engaged  in  melting  precious  metals  for  the  purpose  of  selling,  or  in  the  purchase  or 
sale  of  pawnbroker  tickets  or  other  evidence  of  pledged  articles,  or,  not  being  a  pawn¬ 
broker,  who  deals  in  the  redemption  or  sale  of  pledged  articles,  is  hereby  defined  to 
be  a  dealer  in  second-hand  articles.  Nothing  contained  in  this  article  shall  be 
construed  to  apply  to  pianos,  books,  magazines,  rugs,  tapestries,  burlaps,  paintings, 
drawings,  etchings  and  engravings;  nor  to  exchanges  of,  returns  of,  or  credits  of 
merchandise  where  the  article  or  articles  exchanged,  returned,  or  credited  are  ac¬ 
cepted  in  full  or  part  payment  for  new  merchandise;  nor  to  the  first  purchase  or 
sale  in  the  city  of  any  imported  second-hand  article. 

§41.  License;  term;  fee  and  bond. 

The  annual  license  fee  for  leach  dealer  in  second-hand  articles  shall  be  $15, 
and  every  such  dealer  shall  give  a  bond  to  the  city,  with  sufficient  surety,  to  be  ap¬ 
proved  by  the  commissioner  of  licenses,  in  the  penal  sum  of  $100,  conditioned  for 
the  due  observance  of  the  provisions  of  law,  or  ordinance  relating  to  such  dealers. 

All  licenses  for  dealers  in  second-hand  articles  shall  be  issued  as  of  February 
1  in  each  year  and  shall  expire  on  the  31st  day  of  January  next  succeeding  the  date  of 
issuance  thereof. 

§42.  Record  of  purchases  and  sales. 

Every  dealer  in  second-hand  articles  shall  keep  a  book  in  which  shall  be  legibly 
written  in  English,  at  the  time  of  every  purchase  or  sale,  a  description  of  every  article 
so  purchased  or  sold,  the  number  or  numbers  and  any  monograms,  inscription  or  other 
marks  of  identification  that  may  appear  on  the  article,  a  description  of  the  articles  or 
pieces  comprising  old  gold,  silver,  platinum  or  other  metals,  and  any  monogram,  in¬ 
scription  or  marks  or  identification  thereon,  the  name,  residence  and  general  descrip¬ 
tion  of  the  person  from  whom  such  purchase  was  made  or  to  whom  sold,  and  the 
day  and  hour  of  the  purchase  or  sale,  except  articles  or  things  purchased  or  received 
for  the  purpose  of  refining  or  smelting  by  persons,  firms  or  corporations  principally 
engaged  in  such  business. 


♦Amended  by  ord.  effective  March  24,  1916. 


310 


LICENSES. 


In  the  case  of  a  purchase  or  sale  of  a  pawnbroker  ticket  or  other  evidence  of  a 
pledged  article,  or  a  redemption  or  sale  of  a  pledged  article,  there  shall  be  written  in 
said  book  at  the  time  of  such  purchase,  sale  or  redemption. 

1.  The  name  and  address  of  the  person,  co-partnership,  or  corporation  who  issued 
the  said  ticket  or  other  evidence ; 

2.  The  pledge  number  of  said  pawn  ticket  or  other  evidence ; 

3.  The  name  and  address  of  the  pledgor  as  it  appears  upon  said  pawn  ticket 
or  other  evidence; 

4.  The  amount  loaned  or  advanced  as  it  appears  on  said  pawn  ticket  or  other 
evidence ; 

5.  The  day  and  hour  ot  »uch  purchase,  sale  or  redemption,  as  the  case  may  be ; 

6.  The  name,  residence  and  general  description  of  the  person  from  whom  or  to 
whom  the  redeemed  article  is  purchased  or  sold,  as  the  case  may  be ; 

7.  The  sum  paid  or  received  for  such  pawn  ticket  or  other  evidence,  or  the  sum 
paid  or  received  for  the  redeemed  article  or  pledge ; 

8.  Such  description  of  a  pledged  article  as  appears  on  said  pawn  ticket  or  other 
evidence  and  an  accurate  description  of  every  redeemed  pledged  article. 

Said  book  shall  at  all  reasonable  times  be  open  to  the  inspection  of  any  police 
officer,  to  the  commissioner  of  licenses  or  any  inspector  of  licenses,  or  any  magis¬ 
trate  of  the  city,  or  any  person  duly  authorized  in  writing  for  such  purpose  by  the 
commissioner  of  licenses  or  by  any  magistrate,  who  shall  exhibit  such  written  au¬ 
thority  to  the  dealer. 

§43.  Report  to  the  police  commissioner. 

Every  dealer  in  second-hand  articles,  upon  being  served  with  a  written  notice 
so  to  do  by  a  member  of  the  police  department,  shall  report  to  the  police  commis¬ 
sioner,  on  blank  forms  to  be  furnished  by  the  police  department,  a  copy  of  the  records 
required  to  be  kept  under  §42  of  this  article  of  all  goods,  articles  or  things,  or  any 
part  thereof,  purchased,  received  or  sold  in  the  course  of  business  of  the  second-hand 
dealer,  during  the  days  specified  in  such  notice. 

§44.  Restrictions. 

1.  Place,  expired  licenses.  No  dealer  in  second-hand  articles  shall  carry  on 
business  without  a  license,  or  at  any  other  place  than  the  one  designated  in  his  license 
except  that  any  dealer  in  or  peddler  of  all  clothes  shall  have  the  right  to  pur¬ 
chase  or  sell  old  clothes  from  house  to  house,  and  if  he'  has  no  store,  his  home 
shall  be  designated  as  his  place  of  business ;  but  no  such  dealer  or  peddler  shall  pur¬ 
chase  clothes  from  or  sell  clothes  to  a  person  or  persons  on  the  street;  and  such 
dealer  in  and  peddler  of  old  clothes  while  soliciting  business  from  house  to  house 
shall  wear  a  badge  to  be  supplied  by  the  commissioner  of  licenses  in  such  form  and 
design  as  the  commissioner  of  licenses  shall  prescribe.  No  dealer  in  second-hand 
articles  shall  continue  to  carry  on  business  after  his  license  is  suspended,  revoked 
or  shall  have  expired.  The  annual  license  fee  to  deal  in  or  peddle  old  clothes  shall 
be  $5.  (Amended  by  ord.  effective  July  3,  1917.) 

2.  Prohibited  persons  and  hours.  No  dealer  in  second-hand  articles  shall  pur¬ 
chase  any  second-hand  goods,  articles,  or  things  whatsoever  from  any  minor,  appren¬ 
tice,  or  servant,  knowing  or  having  reason  to  believe  the  person  to  be  such,  or  from 
any  person  or  persons  whatsoever,  between  the  hours  of  6  o’clock  in  the  evening 
and  7  o’clock  in  the  morning. 

3.  Sales  by  dealers.  No  articles  or  things  except  household  furniture,  curtains, 
carpets,’  stoves,  kitchen  utensils,  office  furniture,  automobiles,  motor  and  other 
vehicles,  machinery,  belting,  building  materials  and  barrels,  or  other  articles  or 
things  Jhat  have  already  been  kept  by  a  dealer  or  pawnbroker  for  a  period  of  time, 
in  accordance  with  the  provisions  of  law  or  this  ordinance,  or  have  been  received 

311 


CHAP.  14,  ARTS.  4,  5,  SECS.  45-50. 


from  persons,  firms  or  corporations  known  to  be  jewelers,  dealers,  banking  institu¬ 
tions,  executors  or  administrators,  shall  be  sold  or  disposed  of  by  any  dealer  in 
second-hand  articles  until  the  expiration  of  1  week  after  such  purchase  or  redemp¬ 
tion,  except  that  all  second-hand  articles  or  things  purchased  for  the  purpose  of  melt¬ 
ing  or  refining  by  persons,  firms  or  corporations  principally  engaged  in  such  busi¬ 
ness,  from  persons,  firms  or  corporations  not  jewelers  or  dealers,  shall  not  be  sold, 
refined,  melted  or  disposed  of  until  the  expiration  of  48  hours  after  said  pur¬ 
chase  ;  and  no'  such  dealer  shall  receive  any  article  by  way  of  pledge  or  pawn,  or 
employ  any  subterfuge  for  receiving  goods  as  security  for  the  advancement  of 
money. 

4.  Not  to  be  pawnbroker  or  junk  dealer,  not  to  use  pawnbroker  signs,  etc.  No 
dealer  in  second-hand  articles,  while  licensed  as  such,  shall  be  licensed  as  pawnbroker 
or  junk  dealer;  nor  shall  any  sign  or  other  device  or  subterfuge  be  displayed,  used 
or  employed  by  any  dealer  in  second-hand  articles,  in  or  about  the  premises  where 
such  business  is  conducted,  which  in  any  wise  resembles  the  emblem  or  sign  com¬ 
monly  used  by  pawnbrokers,  or  which  is  intended  to  give  the  appearance  that  the 
business  conducted  on  such  premises  is,  or  is  connected  with,  the  business  of  a  pawn¬ 
broker  and  calculated  to  so  mislead;  nor  shall  there  be  any  sign  displayed  which  is 
calculated  to  deceive. 

§45.  Lost  or  stolen  property. 

If  any  goods,  articles  or  things  whatsoever,  shall  be  advertised  in  any  newspaper 
printed  in  the  city  as  having  been  lost  or  stolen,  and  if  the  same  or  any  such  answer¬ 
ing  to  the  description  advertised,  or  any  part  thereof,  shall  be  or  come  in  the  pos¬ 
session  of  any  dealer  in  second-hand  articles,  such  dealer,  upon  receiving  written, 
printed  or  oral  notice  so  to  do,  shall  give  information  thereof  in  writing  to  the 
police  commissioner  stating  from  whom  the  same  was  received.  Every  dealer  in 
second-hand  articles  who  shall  have  or  receive  any  goods,  article  or  thing  lost  or 
stolen,  or  alleged  or  supposed  to  have  been  lost  or  stolen,  shall  exhibit  the  same, 
on  demand,  to  any  police  officer,  or  to  the  commissioner  or  any  inspector  of  licenses, 
or  any  magistrate  of  the  city,  or  any  person,  duly  authorized  in  writing  for  such 
purpose  by  the  commissioner  of  licenses  or  by  any  magistrate  of  the  city,  who  shall 
exhibit  such  written  authority  to  the  dealer. 

§46.  Violations. 

Any  person  who  shall  violate,  or  neglect  or  refuse  to  comply  with  any  of  the 
provisions  of  this  article,  shall,  upon  conviction  thereof,  be  punished  by  a  fine  of 
not  more  than  $100,  or  by  imprisonment  not  exceeding  30  days,  or  by  both  such  fine 
and  imprisonment. 

ARTICLE  5. 

Dirt  Carts. 

Section  50.  Definition ;  construction  of  carts. 

51.  License  fee;  designation;  term. 

§50.  Definition;  construction  of  carts. 

Every  vehicle  of  whatever  description,  excepting  such  as  shall  have  painted 
thereon,  on  each  side,  the  name  and  address  of  the  owner  thereof  in  plain  letters  and 
figures  of  at  least  3  inches  in  length,  used  in  carting  or  transporting  dirt,  sand,  gravel, 
clay,  paving  stones,  ashes,  garbage  or  building  rubbish  within  the  city  shall  be  deemed 
a  dirt  cart.  Every  such  vehicle  of  whatever  description,  whether  or  not  described  as 
a  dirt  cart,  shall  be  furnished  with  a  good  and  tight  box,  whereof  the  sides,  forepart 
and  tailboard  shall  be  at  least  18  inches  high,  and  of  sufficient  capacity  to  contain  not 
less  than  12  cubic  feet  and  shall  be  securely  covered,  when  loaded,  so  as  to  prevent  the 
contents  from  being  scattered  upon  the  streets.  (C.  O.,  §356.) 

312 


LICENSES. 


§51.  License  fee;  designation;  term. 

The  annual  license  fee  for  each  dirt-cart  shall  be  $1.  Every  licensed  dirt-cart 
shall  show  on  each  outside  thereof  the  words  “Dirt  Cart,”  or  the  letters  “D.  C.” 
together  with  the  figures  of  its  official  number. 

Licenses  for  dirt-carts  shall  be  issued  as  of  August  1,  and  shall  expire  on  the 
31st  day  of  July  next  succeeding  the  date  of  issuance  thereof. 


Section  60. 
61. 
62. 

63. 

64. 


ARTICLE  6. 

Expresses  and  Expressmen. 

Definition. 

License  fee ;  designation. 

Licensed  drivers  required. 

Proprietor’s  bond. 

Charges. 


§60.  Definition. 

Every  vehicle  of  whatever  construction,  kept  or  used  for  the  conveyance  of  bag¬ 
gage,  packages,  parcels  and  other  articles  within  or  through  the  city  for  pay,  shall  be 
deemed  a  public  express,  and  the  owner  thereof  shall  be  deemed  a  public  expressman. 
The  term  expressman  shall  be  deemed  to  include  any  common  carrier  of  baggage, 
packages,  parcels  or  other  articles  within  or  through  the  city.  (C.  O.,  §330.) 


§61.  License  fee;  designation. 

The  annual  fee  for  each  vehicle  used  as  a  public  express  shall  be  $5.  Every 
such  vehicle  shall  show  on  the  exterior  of  both  sides  thereof  the  word  “express,”  or 
the  abbreviation  “Exp.,”  with  the  number  of  its  license. 

Licenses  for  express  wagons  shall  be  issued  as  of  October  1,  and  shall  expire  on 
the  30th  day  of  September  next  succeeding  the  date  of  issuance  thereof.  (C.  O., 
§§307,  331;  amended  by  ord.  effective  July  16,  1915.) 


§62.  Licensed  drivers  required. 

Every  person  driving  a  licensed  express  shall  be  licensed  as  such,  and  shall  pay 
an  annual  license  fee  of  $1.  Every  application  for  an  express  driver’s  license  shall  be 
endorsed,  in  writing,  by  2  reputable  residents  of  the  city,  testifying  to  the  com¬ 
petence  of  the  applicant.  No  owner  of  a  public  express  shall  employ  an  unlicensed 
driver  under  a  penalty  of  $10  for  each  offense. 

Licenses  for  express  drivers  shall  be  issued  as  of  October  1,  and  shall  expire  on 
the  30th  day  of  September  next  succeeding  the  date  of  issuance  thereof.  (C.  O., 
§315;  amended  by  ord.  effective  July  15,  1915.) 

§63.  Proprietor’s  bond. 

Every  owner  of  a  public  express  shall  give  a  bond  to  the  city,  for  each  and  every 
vehicle  licensed,  in  a  penal  sum  of  $100,  with  sufficient  surety,  approved  by  the  com¬ 
missioner,  conditioned  for  the  safe  and  prompt  delivery  of  all  baggage,  packages, 
parcels  and  other  articles  or  things  entrusted  to  the  owner  or  driver  of  any  such 
licensed  express.  (C.  O.,  §332.) 

§64.  Charges. 

The  legal  rates  for  regular  deliveries,  unless  otherwise  mutually  agreed,  shall  be  as 
follows  in  the  city: 

1.  Between  points  within  any  borough — 


Not  more  than  5  miles  apart,  each  piece .  $0  40 

Not  more  than  10  miles  apart,  each  piece .  55 

Not  more  than  15  miles  apart,  each  piece .  75 


2.  Between  points  in  different  boroughs:  One-half  the  above  rates  in  addition. 

3.  Special  deliveries:  At  rates  to  be  mutually  agreed  upon.  (C.  O.,  §333.) 

313 


CHAP.  14,  ART.  7,  SECS.  70,  71. 


ARTICLE  7. 

Exterior  Hoists. 

Section  70.  Licenses  ;  fees ;  term. 

71.  “Danger”  sign. 

§70.  Licenses;  fees;  term. 

No  person  shall  hoist  anything  whatsoever  on  the  outside  of  a  building  from 
the  street,  into  any  loft  or  lower  anything  on  the  outside  thereof,  by  any  means, 
without  a  license  therefor,  and  giving  an  indemnity  bond  to  the  City,  with  sufficient 
surety,  approved  by  the  commissioner.  Anyone  generally  engaged  in  such  a  busi¬ 
ness  shall  take  out  a  general  license,  and  anyone  so  hoisting  in  front  of  certain 
premises  only  shall  take  out  a  special  license  therefor.  The  annual  fee  for  a  gen¬ 
eral  hoisting  license  shall  be  $25.  The  fee  for  a  special  hoisting  license  shall  be  $1. 

All  licenses  for  exterior  hoists  shall  be  issued  as  of  January  1,  and  shall  expire 
on  the  31st  day  of  December  next  succeeding  the  date  of  issuance  thereof.  (Amended 
by  ord.  effective  Jan.  9,  19i7.) 

§71.  “Danger”  sign. 

The  holder  of  a  general  or  special  hoisting  license,  while  engaged  in  such  hoist¬ 
ing  or  lowering  over  any  sidewalk,  roadway  or  public  place,  shall  give  warning  thereof 
by  2  signs  displaying  the  word  “Danger,”  in  letters  at  least  6  inches  long,  which  shall 
be  conspicuously  placed  at  a  safe  distance  on  either  side  of  the  place  where  the  hoisting 
is  being  one.  (C.  O.,  §360.) 

ARTICLE  8. 

Hacks,  Cabs  and  Taxicabs. 


Section  80. 

Definitions. 

81. 

Exemptions. 

82. 

Jurisdiction. 

83. 

License  for  vehicle,  application  for. 

84. 

Inspection  before  licensing  vehicle. 

•  85. 

License  card  and  plate.  • 

86. 

Fees  for  licensing  vehicles ;  refunds. 

87. 

Register  of  licensed  vehicles. 

88. 

Inspection  of  licensed  hacks. 

89. 

Suspension  and  relocation  of  hack  licenses. 

90. 

Drivers’  licenses ;  application  for. 

91. 

Examination  of  drivers. 

92. 

Photograph  of  driver. 

‘93. 

Form  and  term  of  drivers’  licenses. 

94. 

Driver’s  badge. 

95. 

Renewal  of  drivers’  licenses. 

96. 

Fees  for  drivers’  licenses. 

97. 

Suspension  or  revocation  of  drivers’  licenses. 

98. 

Record  of  drivers’  licenses. 

99. 

Hack  stands. 

100. 

Regulation  of  hacks  at  stands. 

101. 

Taximeters. 

102. 

Rates  of  fare. 

103. 

Prepayment  of  fare. 

104. 

Disputed  fares. 

105. 

Over-charge. 

106. 

“Cruising” ;  soliciting. 

314 


LICENSES. 


Section  107.  Articles  found  in  hacks. 

■108.  Public  garages. 

109.  Violations. 

§80.  Definitions. 

Unless  otherwise  expressly  stated,  whenever  used  in  this  article,  the  following 
terms  shall  respectively  be  deemed  to  mean : 

1.  Public  hack,  a  vehicle  plying  for  hire,  for  which  public  patronage  is  solicited 
upon  the  streets;  any  vehicle  carrying  passengers  for  hire,  operating  from  or  in  a 
railroad  station  or  steamship  landing;  (Amended  by  ord.  appd.  Nov.  15,  1917.) 

2.  Cab,  a  public  hack  so  designed  and  constructed  as  comfortably  to  seat,  in  the 
opinion  of  the  commissioner  of  licenses,  net.  more  than  2  persons  inside  thereof; 

3.  Coach,  a  public  hack  so  designed  and  constructed  as  comfortably  to  seat,  in 
the  opinion  of  the  commissioner  of  licenses,  4  or  more  persons  inside  thereof ; 

4.  Sightseeing  car,  a  motor-driven  vehicle  designed  to  carry  7  or  more  persons 
from  a  fixed  locality  to  points  of  interest  about  the  city; 

5.  Taximeter,  a  mechanical  instrument  or  device  by  which  the  charge  for  hire  of 
a  public  hack  is  mechanically  calculated,  either  for  distance  traveled  or  for  waiting 
time,  or  for  both,  and  upon  which  such  charge  shall  be  indicated  by  means  of  figures ; 

6.  Little  taxicab,  a  cab  driven  by  mechanical  power  on  which  a  taximeter  is 
affixed ; 

7.  Taxicab,  a  coarch  driven  by  mechanical  power  on  which  a  taximeter  is  affixed. 
Any  vehicle  that  has  a  taximeter  affixed  and  uses  the  streets  of  the  city  for  the 

purpose  of  carrying  passengers  for  hire,  shall  be  deemed  a  public  hack  and  must  be 
licensed  under  this  article.  (Ord.  effective  Jan.  2,  1915.) 

§81.  Exemptions. 

This  article  shall  not  apply  to  any  omnibus  running  by  authority  of  any  ordinance, 
law,  or  permit  upon  a  fixed  route  through  the  city.  (Ord.  effective  June  2,  1913.) 

§82.  Jurisdiction. 

The  licensing  and  inspecting  of  public  hacks,  the  inspecting  and  seating  of  taxi¬ 
meters,  the  examining  of  applicants  for  licenses  to  drive  such  public  hacks,  and  the 
licensing  of  drivers,  as  hereinafter  provided  in  this  article,  and  the  enforcing  of  the 
provisions  of  this  article,  shall  be  under  the  control  of  the  commissioner  of  licenses. 
The  commissioner  is  hereby  empowered  to  appoint  such  inspectors  as  may  be  found 
necessary  to  carry  out  the  provisions  of  this  article,  who  shall  be  paid  such  com¬ 
pensation  as  shall  be  fixed  by  law.  (Id.,  art.  III.) 

§83.  License  for  vehicle,  application  for. 

No  public  hack  shall  ply  for  hire  upon  the  streets  of  the  city  without  first  obtain¬ 
ing  a  license  from  the  commissioner.  Such  licenses  shall  be  issued  as  of  February  1, 
and  shall  expire  on  the  January  31,  next  succeeding,  unless  sooner  suspended  or  re¬ 
voked  by  the  commissioner.  Applications  for  licenses  for  public  hacks  shall  be  made 
by  the  owner  upon  blank  forms  to  be  furnished  by  the  department  of  licenses,  and 
such  applications  shall  contain  the  full  name  and  address  of  the  owner,  the  class  of  the 
vehicle  for  which  the  license  is  desired,  the  length  of  time  the  vehicle  has  been  in 
use,  the  number  of  persons  it  is  capable  of  carrying,  and,  if  a  motor-driven  vehicle, 
the  motor  power  thereof.  (Id.,  art.  III.) 

§84.  Inspection  before  licensing  vehicle. 

No  vehicle  shall  be  licensed  until  it  has  been  thoroughly  and  carefully  inspected 
and  examined,  and  found  to  be  in  thoroughly  safe  condition  for  the  transportation  of 
passengers;  clean, ‘fit,  of  good  appearance,  and  well  painted  and  varnished.  The  com¬ 
missioner  shall  make  or  have  made,  by  his  deputies  or  inspectors,  such  examination 


315 


CHAP.  14,  ART.  8,  SECS’.  85-87. 


and  inspection  before  issuing  a  license.  The  commissioner  shall  refuse  a  license  to, 
or  if  already  issued,  revoke  or  suspend  the  license  of  any  vehicle  found  by  him  to  be 
unfit  or  unsuited  for  public  patronage.  He  shall  examine  any  taximeter  attached  to 
any  public  hack  and  to  see  that  the  same  is  accurate,  before  issuing  a  license  to  the 
hack.  The  commissioner  is  herebv  authorized  and  empowered  to  establish  reasonable 
rules  and  regulations  for  the  inspection  of  public  hacks  and  their  appurtenances,  con¬ 
struction  and  condition  of  fitness.  (Id.,  art.  III.) 

§85.  License  card  and  plate. 

If,  upon  inspection,  a  public  hack  is  found  to  be  of  lawful  construction  and  in 
proper  condition,  in  accordance  with  the  provisions  of  this  article  and  the  rules  and 
regulations  established  hereunder,  and  upon  payment  of  the  license  fees  hereinafter 
set  forth,  the  same  shall  be  licensed,  by  delivering  to  the  owner  a  card  of  such  size 
and  form  as  may  be  prescribed  by  the  commissioner.  The  card  shall  contain  the 
official  license  number  of  the  hack,  together  with  the  date  of  inspection  of  the  same, 
and  a  statement  to  the  effect  that,  in  case  of  any  complaint,  the  commissioner  shall  be 
notified,  giving  the  license  number  of  the  hack.  Such  card  shall  be  signed  by  the 
commissioner  or  his  deputy,  and  shall  contain  blank  spaces  upon  which  an  entry  shall 
be  made  of  the  date  of  every  inspectio’n  of  the  vehicle  by  the  inspector.  License  card 
shall  be  of  a  distinctly  different  color  each  year,  and,  in  case  of  public  hacks 
driven  by  mechanical  power,  the  license  number  assigned  hereunder  shall,  in  each 
case,  be  the  same  as  that  assigned  to  the  vehicle  for  that  year,  pursuant  to  law.  The 
commissioner,  or  a  duly  authorized  subordinate,  shall  also  affix',  to  a  conspicuous  and 
indispensable  part  of  each  public  hack,  a  small  plate,  not  exceeding  6  inches  in 
diameter,  which  shall  bear  the  license  number  of  the  vehicle.  The  design  of  such 
plates  shall  be  changed  annually.  (Id.,  art.  III.) 

§86.  Fees  for  licensing  vehicles;  refunds. 

1.  Schedule.  The  following  license  fees  shall  be  paid: 


For  each  cab .  $5  00 

For  each  coach  and  each  sightseeing  car .  10  00 


Such  license  fees  shall  be  in  lieu  of,  and  not  in  addition  to,  any  fees  heretofore 
established,  and  except  as  above  provided  no  charge  shall  be  made.  In  the  case  of 
licenses  issued  on  or  after  August  1,  in  each  year  hereafter,  one-half  of  the  above 
fees  shall  be  paid.  (Id.,  art.  III.) 

2.  Refunds.  The  comptroller  is  hereby  authorized  to  make  a  pro  rata  refund  to 
the  holders  of  licenses  the  operation  of  which  said  licenses  was  superseded  by  the  new 
licenses  issued  under  the  public  hack  ordinance  that  became  effective  August  1,  1913. 
Applications  for  refund  under  this  provision  ^hall  first  be  presented  in  writing  to  the 
commissioner  of  licenses,  together  with  the  original  license  superseded  by  the  new 
license  or  satisfactory  evidence  that  the  old  license  has  been  lost  or  destroyed,  and 
no  refund  shall  be  made  in  any  case  that  the  commissioner  shall  not  first  certify  to 
the  comptroller  that  the  applicant  has  paid  the  fee  prescribed  by  law  prior  to  August 
1,  1913,  and  that  a  certain  specified  part  of  the  term  of  the  license  had  not  expired  on 
said  August  1,  1913.  Refunds  under  this  provision  shall  be  made  by  the  comptroller 
from  the  Sinking  Fund  for  the  Redemption  of  City  Debt  No.  1,  when  authorized  by 
resolution  of  the  commissioners  of  the  sinking  fund.  (Ord.  effective  July  14,  1914.) 

§87.  Register  of  licensed  vehicles. 

The  commissioner  shall  keep  a  register  of  the  name  of  each  person  owning  or 
operating  a  vehicle  licensed  under  this  article,  together  with  the  license  number  and 
the  description,  make  and  necessary  dimensions  of  such  vehicle,  with  the  date  and 
complete  record  of  inspections  made  of  it.  Such  records  shall  be  open  to  the  inspec¬ 
tion  of  the  public  at  all  reasonable  times,  and  shall  be  public  records,  extracts'  of 

316 


LICENSES. 


which  may  be  certified,  for  use  as  evidence,  by  the  commissioner  or  one  of  his 
deputies.  (Ord.  effective  June  2,  1913,  art.  III.) 

§88.  Inspection  and  licensed  hacks. 

The  commissioner  shall  maintain  constant  vigilance  over  all  public  hacks,  to  see 
that  they  are  kept  in  a  condition  of  continued  fitness  for  public  use,  and,  to  this  end, 
the  commissioner  through  his  deputies  and  inspectors,  shall  inspect  all  public  hacks, 
from  time  to  time,  or  on  the  complaint  of  any  citizen,  as  often  as  may  be  necessary. 
Reports  in  writing  of  all  inspections  shall  promptly  be  made  to  the  commissioner. 
(Id.,  art.  III.) 

§89.  Suspension  and  revocation  of  hack  licenses. 

Licenses,  granted  under  this  article,  may  be  revoked  or  suspended  at  any  time  by 
the  commissioner  ff  the  vehicle  shall  not  be  in  good  condition  and  appearance,  clean 
and  safe;  and,  in  case  of 'horse-drawn  vehicles,  if  the  horse  or  horses  are  unfit  for 
use.  Licenses  when  so  suspended  or  revoked  shall  not  be  reissued  until  the  vehicle 
and  all  its  appurtenances  shall  be  put  in  fit  condition  for  use  by  the  public,  to  the 
satisfaction  of  the  commissioner.  (Id.,  art.  III.) 

§90.  Drivers’  licenses;  application  for. 

Every  person  driving  a  public  hack  must  be  licensed  as  such.  Each  applicant  for 
a  driver’s  license  must — 

(a)  Be  of  the  age  of  18  years  or  over; 

(b)  Be  of  sound  physique,  with  good  eyesight  and  not  subject  to  epilepsy,  vertigo, 
heart  trouble,  or  any  other  infirmity  of  body  or  mind  which  might  render  him  unfit 
for  the  safe  operation  of  a  public  hack; 

(c)  Be  able  to  read  and  write  the  English  language; 

(d)  Be  clean  in  dress  and  person  and  not  be  addicted  to  the  use  of  intoxicating 
liquors ; 

(e)  Produce,  on  forms  to  be  provided  by  the  department,  affidavits  of  his  good 
character  from  2  reputable  citizens  of  the  city  who  have  known  him  personally 
and  observed  his  conduct  during  1  year  next  preceding  the  date  of  his  applica¬ 
tion,  and  a  further  testimonial,  on  a  form  provided  for  that  purpose,  from  his  last 
employer,  unless,  in  the  estimation  of  the  commissioner,  sufficient  reason  is  given  for 
its  omission; 

(f)  Fill  out,  upon  a  blank  form  to  be  provided  by  the  department,  a  statement 
giving  his  full  name,  residence,  places  of  residence  for  5  years  previous  to  moving 
to  his  present  address,  age,  color,  height,  color  of  eyes  and  hair,  place  of  birth  length, 
of  time  he  has  resided  in  the  city,  whether  a  citizen  of  the  United  States,  places  of 
previous  employment,  whether  married  or  single,  whether  he  has  ever  been  convicted 
of  a  felony  or  a  misdemeanor,  whether  he  has  been  summoned  to  court,  whether  he  has 
previously  been  licensed  as  a  driver  or  chauffeur,  and,  if  so,  whether  his  license  has 
ever  been  revoked,  and  for  what  cause,  which  statement  shall  be  signed  and  sworn  to 
by  the  applicant  and  filed  in  the  department,  as  a  permanent  record.  Any  false  state¬ 
ment  made  by  applicant  for  a  license  shall  be  promptly  reported  by  the  commissioner 
to  the  district  attorney  of  the  county  in  which  the  application  was  made. 

The  commissioner  is  hereby  authorized  and  empowered  to  establish  such  additional 
rules  and  regulations  governing  the  issue  of  drivers’  licenses,  not  inconsistent  herewith, 
as  may  be  necessary  and  reasonable.  (Id.,  art.  IV.)  (Amended  by  ord.  effective 
Jan.  7,  1918.) 

§91.  Examination  of  drivers. 

Each  applicant  for  driver’s  license  under  the  provisions  of  this  article  shall  be 
examined,  by  a  person  designated  by  the  commissioner,  a,s  to  his  knowledge  of  the 
provisions  of  this  article,  the  traffic  regulations,  and  the  geography  of  the  city,  and 

317 


CHAP.  14,  ART.  8,  SECS.  92-97. 


if  the  result  of  the  examination  be  unsatisfactory,  he  shall.be  refused  a  license.  Each 
such  applicant  must,  if  required  by  the  commissioner,  demonstrate  his  skill  and  ability 
to  safely  handle  his  vehicle,  by  driving  it  through  a  crowded  section  of  the  city,  ac¬ 
companied  by  an  inspector  of  the  department.  (Id.,  IV.) 

§92.  Photograph  of  driver. 

Each  applicant  for  a  driver’s  license  must  file  with  his  application  2  recent  photo¬ 
graphs  of  himself,  of  a  size  which  may  be  easily  attached  to  his  license,  1  of 
which  shall  be  attached  to  the  license  when  issued,  the  other  shall  be  filed  with  the  ap¬ 
plication  in  the  department.  The  photograph  shall  be  so  attached  to  the  license  that  it 
cannot  be  removed,  and  another  photograph  substituted  without  detection.  Each 
licensed  dricer  shall,  upon  demand  of  an  inspector  of  licenses,  a  policeman,  or  a 
passenger  exhibit  his  license  and  photograph  for  inspection.  Where  the  application 
for  a  license  is  denied,  the  photograph  shall  be  returned  to  the  applicant  by  the  depart¬ 
ment.  (Id.,  art.  IV.) 

§93.  Form  and  terms  of  drivers’  licenses. 

Upon  satisfactory  fulfillment  of  the  foregoing  requirements,  there  shall  be  issued 
to  the  applicant  a  license,  which  shall  be  in  such  form  as  to  contain  the  photograph 
and  signature  of  the  licensee,  and  blank  spaces  upon  which  a  record  may  be  made  of 
any  arrest  of  or  serious  complaint  against  him.  Any  licensee  who  defaces,  removes 
or  obliterates  any  official  entry  made  upon  his  license  shall  be  punished  by  the  revoca¬ 
tion  of  his  license.  Drivers’  licenses  shall  be  issued  as  of  February  1,  in  each  and 
every  year,  and  shall  be  valid  to  and  including  the  31st  day  of  January  next  succeeding. 
(Id.,  art.  IV.) 

§94.  Driver’s  badge. 

There  shall  be  delivered  to  each  licensed  driver  a  metal  badge,  of  such  form 
and  style  as  the  commissioner  may  prescribe,  with  his  license  number  thereon,  which 
must,  under  penalty  of  revocation  of  the  license,  be  constantly  and  conspicuously 
displayed  on  the  outside  of  the  driver’s  coat  when  he  is  engaged  in  his  employment. 
(Id.,  art.  IV.) 

§95.  Renewal  of  drivers’  licenses. 

The  commissioner  may  renew  a  driver’s  license,  from  year  to  year,  by  appropriate 
endorsement  thereon.  A  driver  in  applying  for  a  renewal  of  his  license  shall  make 
such  application,  upon  a  form  to  be  furnished  by  the  department,  entitled  “Applica¬ 
tion  for  Renewal  of  License,”  which  shall  be  filled  out  with  the  full  name  and  address 
of  the  applicant,  together  with  a  statement  of  the  date  upon  which  his  original 
license  was  granted  and  the  number  thereof.  (Id.,  art.  IV.) 

§96.  Fees  for  drivers’  licenses. 

The  following  license  fees  shall  be  paid  for  drivers’  licenses :  For  each  original 
license,  $1;  for  each  renewal  thereof,  50  cents.  (Id.,  art.  IV.) 

§97.  Suspension  or  revocation  of  drivers’  licenses. 

Drivers’  licenses  may  be  suspended  or  revoked  at  any  time  by  the  mayor,  the 
commissioner  or  any  city  magistrate.  Any  such  suspension  shall  be  noted  on  the 
license,  together  with  a  statement  of  the  reasons  therefor,  and  the  driver  shall  be 
deprived  of  his  badge  by  the  official  suspending  or  revoking  such  license.  When  the 
license  is  suspended  or  revoked  by  an  official  other  than  the  commissioner,  the 
driver’s  badge  and  a  note  of  the  revocation  or  suspension  shall  be  forthwith  forwarded 
to  the  commissioner ;  the  badge  to  be  returned  at  the  expiration  of  the  period  for 
which  the  license  was  suspended.  A  second  suspension  for  the  same  reason,  or,  in 
any  case,  a  third  suspension  of  a  driver’s  license,  shall  revoke  the  license.  No  driver 


318 


LICENSES. 


whose  license  has  been  revoked  shall  again  be  licensed  as  a  public  hack  driver  in  the 
city,  unless  upon  the  presentation  of  reasons  satisfactory  to  the  commissioner,  or,  in  a 
case  where  a  license  has  been  suspended  or  revoked  by  the  mayor  or  by  a  city  magis¬ 
trate,  the  approval  of  the  mayor  or  such  city  magistrate  shall  be  necessary  to  the 
restoration  or  reissue  of  such  license.  Whenever  a  license  is  suspended  or  revoked 
by  a  city  magistrate,  notice  of  such  suspension  or  revocation,  with  the  cause  thereof, 
shall  be  forwarded  to  the  commissioner.  The  commissioner  shall  notify  the  police 
department  whenever  such  a  license  is  revoked.  (Id.,  art.  IV;  amended  by  ord. 
effective  May  9,  1916.) 

§98.  Record  of  drivers’  licenses. 

There  shall  be  kept  in  the  department  a  complete  record  of  each  license  issued 
to  a  driver,  and  of  all  renewals,  suspensions  and  revocations  thereof,  which  record 
shall  be  kept  on  file  with  the  original  application  of  the  driver  for  a  license.  (Id.,  art. 
IV.) 

§99.  Hack  stands. 

1.  Former  stands  abolished.  All  public  hack  stands  heretofore  designated  by 
the  board  of  aldermen  are  hereby  abolished.  All  special  hack  stands  are  hereby 
abolished  and  licenses  for  the  same  shall  not  be  issued  hereafter.  (Id.,  art.  V.) 

2.  Designation  of  stands.  The  commissioner  is  hereby  authorized  to  locate  and 
designate,  as  public  hack  stands,  the  space  alongside  the  curb  adjacent  to  property 
used  as  public  parks,  public  buildings,  railroad  stations,  steamship  and  ferry  landings, 
hotels,  restaurants,  theatres,  and  the  centre  of  any  street  where  the  roadway,  exclusrve 
of  the  sidewalk,  is  30  feet  in  width  or  more.  The  commissioner  may  also  designate 
the  space  beside  the  curb,  adjacent  to  subway  entrances  and  elevated  railway  steps, 
as  stands  for  a  limited  number  of  public  hacks.  The  commissioner  shall,  further 
designate  the  number  of  such  public  hacks  that  shall  be  allowed  to  stand  at  any  of 
the  places  designated  by  him,  and  the  department  shall  provide  a  metal  sign,  which 
shall  be  attached  to  a  post  or  stanchion  adjacent  to  the  said  stand,  and  on  which 
sign  shall  be  placed  the  number  and  kind  of  vehicles  allowed  on  that  particular  hack 
stand.  Owners  of  any  property  may  apply  to  the  commissioner  for  the  establish¬ 
ment  of  a  public  hack  stand,  adjacent  to  their  premises,  stating  in  said  application 
the  number  of  public  hacks  they  desire  to  come  on  said  stand,  and  also  the  kind  of 
locomotion  to  be  used,  whether  gasoline,  electric  motor  or  horses.  Such  application 
shall  be  granted  solely  in  the  discretion  of  the  commissioner,  and  may  be  revoked  by 
him  at  any  time.  There  shall  be  delivered  to  the  owner  of  the  property  making  such 
application  a  metal  sign,  to  be  fixed  to  a  stanchion  on  the  curb  or  other  conspicuous 
place,  setting  forth  the  kind  of  public  hacks  and  the  number  thereof  that  will  be  al¬ 
lowed  on  said  stand.  (Id.,  art.  V.) 

3.  Restriction.  The  commissioner  may  not  establish  a  public  hack  stand  in  the 
centre  of  any  street,  opposite  to  the  premises  where  the  owner  has  applied  for  and 
received  the  permit  last  above  mentioned,  during  the  time  such  permit  is  in  operation. 
(Id.,  art.  V.) 

§100.  Regulation  of  hacks  at  stands. 

Only  public  hacks,  in  such  numbers  and  of  such  kinds  as  are  set  forth  on  the 
metal  sign,  may  remain  at  the  stand  while  waiting  for  employment,  and  only  in  single 
file,  pointed  in  accordance  with  the  traffic  regulations.  No  public  hack  standing  at  the 
head  of  any  such  line  shall  refuse  to  carry  any  orderly  person  applying  for  a  hack, 
who  agrees  to  pay  the  proper  rate  of  fare;  but  this  shall  not  prevent  any  person  from 
selecting  any  hack  he  may  desire  on  the  stand,  whether  it  be  at  the  head  of  the  line 
or  not.  As  the  hacks  leave  the  line  with  passengers,  those  behind  shall  move  up, 
and  any  public  hack,  seeking  a  space  on  the  stand,  shall  approach  the  same  only  from 

319 


CHAP.  14,  ART.  8,  SECS.  101,  102. 


the  rear  of  the  stand  and  shall  stop  as  near  as  possible  to  the  last  cab  on  the  line. 
No  public  hack  shall  stand  at  the  curb  within  15  feet  of  the  entrance  to  any  build¬ 
ing  adjacent  to  a  hack  stand  located  and  designated  by  the  commissioner,  in  accord¬ 
ance  with  the  first  sentence  of  the  second  division  of  the  preceding  section;  which 
shall  be  determined  by  measuring  15  feet  on  each  side  of  the  point  on  the  curb 
opposite  the  middle  of  the  entrance  to  the  adjacent  building.  No  hack  shall  stand 
within  5  feet  of  any  crosswalk. 

The  commissioner  may  suspend  or  revoke  the  license  of  any  public  hack  driver 
who  shall  stand  in  front  of  the  entrance  of  any  building,  within  the  prohibited  space, 
after  his  passengers  desiring  to  leave  have  alighted,  or  who  shall  attempt  to  stand 
in  said  prohibited  space  waiting  for  passengers,  or  who  shall  violate  any  of  the  other 
provisions  of  this  section.  (Id.,  art.  VI.) 

§101.  Taximeters. 

1.  When  required.  Every  public  hack  driven  by  mechanical  power,  seating  4 
passengers  or  less,  shall  have  affixed  thereto  a  taximeter  of  a  size  and  design  approved 
by  the  commissioner.  Motor-driven  vehicles,  with  7  passenger  or  5  passenger  open 
touring  car  bodies,  may  be  licensed  as  public  coaches  and  public  cabs,  respectively. 
(Id.,  art.  III.) 

2.  Inspection.  No  license  shall  be  issued  to  a  public  hack  until  the  taximeter 
attached  thereto  shall  have  been  inspected  and  found  to  be  accurate.  (Id.,  art.  III.) 

3.  Inaccurracy.  No  person  shall  use  or  permit  to  be  used  upon  any  public  hack 
a  taximeter  which  shall  be  in  such  a  condition  as  to  be  over  5  per  cent,  incorrect  to 
the  prejudice  of  any  passenger.  (Id.,  art.  III.) 

4.  Wheel-operated,  prohibited.  No  taximeter  affixed  to  a  public  hack  propelled 
by  steam,  gasoline,  electricity,  or  other  motor  power,  shall  be  operated  from  any 
wheel  to  which  the  power  is  applied.  (Id.,  art.  III.) 

5.  Illumination  of  dial.  After  sundown,  the  face  of  every  taximeter  shall  be 
illuminated  by  a  suitable  light,  so  arranged  as  to  throw  a  continuous,  steady  light 
thereon.  (Id.,  art.  III.) 

6.  Case  to  be  sealed.  No  person  shall  use  or  permit  to  be  used,  or  drive  for 
hire,  a  public  hack  equipped  with  a  taximeter  the  case  of  which  is  unsealed  and  not 
having  its  cover  and  gear  intact.  (Id.,  art.  III.) 

7.  False  signal.  No  driver  of  a  public  hack  equipped  with  a  taximeter  or  other 
similar  device,  while  carrying  passengers  or  under  employment,  shall  display  the 
signal  affixed  to  such  taximetet  or  other  similar  device  in  such  position  as  to  denote 
such  vehicle  is  not  employed,  or  in  such  position  as  to  denote  that  he  is  employed  at 
a  rate  of  fare  different  from  that  to  which  he  is  entitled  under  the  provisions  of  this 
article.  (Id.,  art.  III.) 

8.  Unapproved  taximeter.  No  person  shall  drive  a  public  hack  to  which  is  at¬ 
tached  a  taximeter  that  has  not  been  duly  inspected  and  approved.  (Ord.  effective 
Jan.  2,  1915.) 

9.  Violations.  A  violation  of  any  of  the  provisions  of  this  section  shall  render 
the  offender  or  offenders  liable,  upon  conviction  before  any  city  magistrate,  to  a  fine 
of  not  more  than  $50  for  each  and  every  offense,  and,  in  default  of  payment  of  such 
fine,  he  may  be  committed  to  prison  until  the  same  shall  be  paid,  but  such  imprison¬ 
ment  shall  not  exceed  10  days.  (Ord.  effective  June  2,  1913.) 

§102.  Rates  of  fare. 

The  maximum  rates  of  fare  for  public  hacks  shall  be  as  follows : 


1.  Motor  vehicles,  except  “sight-seeing”  cars — 

For  not  more  than  2  passengers : 

For  the  first  54  mile,  or  any  fraction  thereof  .  $0  30 

For  each  succeeding  54  mile,  or  any  fraction  thereof  .  10 

320 


LICENSES. 


For  3  or  more  passengers : 

For  the  first  mile,  or  any  fraction  thereof .  40 

For  each  succeeding  %  mile,  or  any  fraction  thereof .  10 

2.  Sight-seeing  cars — 


No  rates  are  hereby  established  for  sight-seeing  cars,  but  a  schedule  of  the  rates 
charged  for  each  trip  shall,  before  the  trip,  be  prominently  displayed  upon  the  car, 

and  a  charge  greater,  or  attempt  to  charge  any  passenger  a  sum  greater  than  that 

set  forth  in  said  schedules,  shall  be  deemed  a  violation  of  this  article. 

3.  Horse-drawn  vehicles — 

For  cabs: 

For  the  first  mile,  or  any  fraction  thereof  . . .  $0  50 

For  each  succeeding  mile,  or  any  fraction  thereof .  20 

For  coaches : 

For  the  first  mile,  or  any  fraction  thereof  .  70 

For  each  succeeding  mile,  or  any  fraction  thereof  .  30 

4.  Hourly  rates  (applying  only  to  horse-drawn  vehicles  when  shopping  or  call¬ 
ing;  not  including  park  or  road  driving,  nor  driving  more  than  5  miles  from  starting 
point)  : 

For  the  first  hour,  or  any  part  thereof .  $1  50 

For  each  additional  y2  hour .  50 

5.  Miles,  in  Manhattan.  In  case  of  public  hacks  on  which  taximeters  are  not 
affixed,  when  driving  on  the  numbered  streets,  or  numbered  and  letter  avenues,  in 
the  borough  of  Manhattan,  20  blocks  north  and  south,  and  7  blocks  between  the  num¬ 
bered  and  lettered  avenues  constitute  a  mile  for  the  purpose  of  this  ordinance;  this 
provision  shall  be  set  forth  on  the  rate  card  hereinafter  required. 

6.  Applying  generally: 

(a)  For  waiting  time  at  the  rate  of  $1,50  per  hour; 

(b)  For  each  piece  of  luggage  carried  outside,  20  cents.  No  charge  shall,  how¬ 
ever,  be  made  for  hand  bags  and  suit  cases ; 

(c)  Ferriage  and  tolls  in  all  cases  to  be  paid  by  party  using  the  vehicle. 

A  copy  of  the  foregoing  rates  of  fare  shall  be  furnished  by  the  department  to 

each  public  hack,  and  shall  at  all  times  be  posted  in  a  conspicuous  place  in  the  inside 

thereof.  The  department  shall  provide  each  public  hack  with  a  printed  receipt  pad, 
and  every  public  hackman  shall  keep  on  hand  a  supply  thereof,  and  shall,  whenever 
requested,  give  a  passenger  a  receipt,  on  such  official  form,  for  the  fare  paid.  Nothing 
herein  contained  is  designed  to  prevent  a  person  from  making  an  agreement  with 
the  owner  of  the  public  hack  to  furnish  him  with  transportation,  at  a  rate  to  be 
agreed  upon  between  them,  for  a  day,  week  or  month.  But,  the  person  with  whom 
the  owner  of  the  public  hack  makes  such  an  agreement  is  not  at  liberty  to  hire  out 

the  vehicle  to  another  person.  (Id.,  art.  VI.) 

§103.  Prepayment  of  fare. 

Every  driver  of  a  public  hack  shall  have  the  right  to  demand  payment  of  the 
legal  fare  in  advance,  and  may  refuse  employment  unless  so  prepaid,  but  no  driver 
of  a  public  hack  shall,  otherwise,  refuse  or  neglect  to  convey  any  orderly  person 
or  persons  upon  request  anywhere  in  the  city,  unless  previously  engaged  or  unable 
to  do  so.  No  driver  of  a  licensed  hack  shall  carry  any  other  person  than  the  pas¬ 
senger  first  employing  a  hack,  without  the  consent  of  said  passenger.  (Id.,  art  VII.) 

§104.  Disputed  fares. 

All  disputes  as  to  fare  shall  be  determined  by  the  officer  in  charge  of  the  police 
station  nearest  to  the  place  where  the  dispute  is  had;  failure  to  comply  with  such 


321 


CHAP.  14,  ART.  8,  SECS.  105-108. 


determination  shall  subject  the  offending  party  to  a  charge  of  disorderly  conduct, 
punishable  by  a  fine  of  not  exceeding  $10,  or,  in  default  of  payment  thereof,  by  im¬ 
prisonment  for  not  more  than  10  days.  (Id.,  art.  VII.) 

§105.  Overcharge. 

No  person  shall  charge  or  attempt  to  charge  any  passenger  a  greater  rate  of 
fare  than  that  to  which  the  public  hack  is  entitled,  under  the  provisions  of  this  article. 
(Id.,  art.  VI.) 

§106.  “Cruising”;  soliciting. 

No  public  hack,  while  waiting  employment  by  passengers,  shall  stand  on  any 
public  street  or  place  other  than  at,  or  upon  a  public  hack  stand,  designated  or  estab¬ 
lished  in  accordance  with  this  article;  nor  shall  any  driver  of  such  hack  seek  em¬ 
ployment  by  repeatedly  and  persistently  driving  his  hack  to  and  from  in  a  short  space 
before,  or  by  otherwise  interfering  with  the  proper  and  orderly  access  to  or  egress 
from,  any  theatre,  hall,  hotel,  public  resort,  railway  or  ferry  station  or  other  place 
of  public  gathering;  but  any  hackman  may  solicit  employment  by  driving  through 
any  public  street  or  place  without  stops,  other  than  those  due  to  obstruction  of  traffic, 
and  at  such  speed  as  not  to  interfere  or  impede  traffic,  and  may  pass  and  repass 
before  any  theatre,  hall,  hotel,  public  resort,  railway  or  ferry  station,  or  other  place  of 
public  gathering;  providing  that,  after  passing  such  public  place,  he  shall  not  turn 
and  repass  until  he  shall  have  gone  a  distance  of  2  blocks  upon  the  streets  and  high¬ 
ways  of  the  city,  and  no  person  shall  solicit  passengers  for  a  public  hack  except  the 
driver  of  a  public  hack,  when  sitting  upon  the  driver’s  box  of  his  vehicle.  No  person 
shall  be  allowed  to  ride  on  the  box  with  the  driver.  (Id.,  art.  VII.) 

§107.  Articles  found  in  hacks. 

Every  driver  of  a  public  hack,  immediately  after  the  termination  of  any  hiring 
or  employment,  must  carefuly  search  such  hack  for  any  property  lost  or  left  therein, 
and  any  such  property,  unless  sooner  claimed  or  delivered  to  the  owner,  must  be 
taken  to  the  nearest  police  station  and  deposited  with  the  officer  in  charge,  within 
24  hours  after  the  finding  thereof,  and  the  officer  to  whom  such  report  shall  be  made, 
shall  forward  a  written  notice  to  the  department  of  licenses,  with  brief  particulars  and 
description  of  the  property.  (Id.,  art.  VII.) 

§108.  Public  garages. 

1.  Definition.  A  public  garage  is  hereby  defined  as  a  place  in  which  space  is 
rented  for,  or  in  which  are  stored,  motor  vehicles  of  any  kind  whatever  to  be  let 
for  hire  at  any  time.  (Ord.  effective  Sept.  24,  1912.) 

2.  Record  of  cars  and  chauffeurs.  Each  and  every  keeper  of  a  public  garage 
shall  record  in  a  book,  kept  solely  for  such  purpose,  the  time  of  departure  from  such 
garage  of  every  motor  vehicle  kept  for  hire,  giving  the  names  and  addresses  of  the 
owner  and  driver  thereof,  the  name  and  class  of  vehicle,  the  license  number  of  the 
driver  and  the  license  number  of  the  vehicle ;  and  the  time  of  the  return  to  the  garage 
of  each  such  vehicle  shall  also  be  entered  in  said  book.  Said  record  book  shall  be 
open  for  inspection  at  all  times' to  the  representatives  of  the  police  department  and  the 
department  of  licenses.  (Id.) 

3.  Violations.  Any  person,  either  keeper  or  acting  as  keeper  of  a  public  garage, 
guilty  of  a  violation  of  this  ordinance,  or  any  part  thereof,  shall,  upon  conviction 
thereof  be  fined  as  follows :  For  the  first  offense  in  a  sum  not  less  than  $10,  and 
in  default  of  payment  of  such  fine  he  may  be  committed  to  the  city  prison,  each  day 
of  such  committal  to  be  taken  as  liquidation  of  SI  of  such  fine :  for  the  second  offense 
in  a  sum  not  less  than  $25,  and  in  default  of  payment  of  such  fine  committal  to  the 
city  prison,  each  day  of  such  committal  to  be  taken  as  liquidation  of  $1  of  such  fine, 
or  both.  (Id.) 


322 


LICENSES. 


§109.  Violations. 

1.  Owners.  Any  owner  or  driver  of  a  vehicle,  not  licensed  and  equipped  in 
accordance  with  the  provisions  of  this  article,  or  of  a  vehicle  the  license  of  which 
has  been  suspended  or  revoked,  who  engages  in  the  business  of  a  public  hack,  as 
defined  hereby,  or  attempts  to  engage  in  such  business,  or  solicits  for  hire  passengers 
upon  the  streets  shall,  upon  conviction  before  any  city  magistrate,  be  punished  by  a  fine 
of  not  over  $50,  or  imprisonment  not  exceeding  30  days,  or  both.  (Ord.  effective  June 
2,  1913,  art.  VII.) 

2.  Drivers.  Any  person,  not  having  been  duly  licensed  as  a  public  hack  driver,  or 
any  person  whose  license  as  such  driver  has  been  revoked,  or  any  person  whose  license 
has  been  suspended  and  who,  during  the  time  of  such  suspension,  drives  for  hire  a 
public  hack  upon  the  streets,  shall,  upon  conviction  before  any  city  magistrate,  be 
punished  by  a  fine  of  not  over  $50  or  imprisonment  for  a  term  not  exceeding  30 
days  or  both.  (Id.,  art.  VII.) 

3.  Miscellaneous.  Upon  the  conviction  of  any  person  for  any  violation  of  a 
provision  of  this  article,  for  which  no  punishment  is  specifically  provided,  he  or  she 
shall  be  punished  as  provided  in  §10  of  chapter  27  of  this  ordinance.  (Id.,  art.  VII.) 

4.  Suspension  or  revocation  of  licenses.  In  addition  to  the  fine,  imprisonment,  or 
both,  authorized  by  any  subdivision  of  this  section,  any  licensee  shall  be  subject  to  the 
suspension  or  revocation  of  his  license,  upon  conviction  for  any  violation  of  this 
article.  The  commissioner  may,  in  his  discretion,  suspend  or  revoke  a  license  granted 
under  any  provision  of  this  article,  pending  or  in  advance  of  the  criminal  prosecution 
of  the  license.  (Id.,  art.  VII.) 

^ARTICLE  9. 


Section  120. 
121. 
122. 

123. 

124. 

125. 

126. 


Junk  Dealers. 

Definitions. 

License  fee  and  bond;  term. 
Restrictions. 

Record  of  purchases. 

Reports  to  the  police  department 
Lost  or  stolen  goods. 

Violations. 


§120.  Definitions. 

1.  Junkman,  jimkshop,  junk  cartman,  junk  boatman.  Anyone  dealing  in  the 
purchase  or  sale  of  junk,  old  rope,  old  iron,  brass,  copper,  tin,  lead,  rubber,  paper, 
rags,  bagging,  slush  or  empty  bottles,  in  large  or  small  quantities,  including  junk 
cartmen  and  junk  boatmen,  shall  be  deemed  to  be  a  junk  dealer  and  his  place  of 
business  a  junk  shop.  This  ordinance  shall  not  apply  to  persons  engaged  exclusively 
in  the  purchase  and  sale  in  large  quantities  of  scrap  iron  and  steel,  or  woolen  rags, 
or  paper  stock,  but  each  said  person  shall  annually  file  with  the  police  commissioner 
and  commissioner  of  licenses  a  statement,  in  writing,  setting  forth  the  name  and 
address  of  such  person  and  the  character  of  the  business  thereof. 

2.  Junk  cart,  junk  boat.  Any  vehicle  in  the  streets,  or  any  vessel  in  the  waters 
of  the  city,  used  for  the  purpose  of  collecting  or  selling  junk,  old  rope,  old  iron, 
brass,  copper,  tin,  lead,  rubber,  paper,  rags,  bagging,  slush  or  empty  bottles,  shall 
be  deemed,  respectively,  a  junk  cart  or  junk  boat,  and  the  owner  or  owners  thereof 
junk  dealers.  Any  vehicle  used  for  the  purpose  of  collecting  or  selling  any  article 
or  articles  hereinbefore  enumerated  shall  be  furnished,  by  the  department  of  licenses, 
with  a  plate,  to  be  affixed  to  a  conspicuous  and  indispensable  part  of  the  vehicle, 
on  which  plate  shall  be  clearly  set  forth  the  official  number  of  the  junk  cart  with 

*Amended  by  ord.  approved  July  3,  1917. 


323 


CHAP.  14,  ART.  9,  SECS.  121-123. 


the  words  “junk  cart”  and  the  date  of  expiration  of  the  license,  and  the  design  or 
color  of  this  plate  shall  be  changed  at  the  beginning  of  each  license  year,  and  in 
the  case  of  a  junk  boat,  the  words  “junk  boat”  and  the  figures  of  the  official  num¬ 
ber  thereof  shall  be  painted  in  white  block  letters  and  figures  respectively  at  least 
eighteen  inches  high  and  two  inches  wide  on  a  black  background  on  the  stern  and 
also  on  both  the  port  and  starboard  sides  of  the  boat,  at  the  forward  end  thereof; 
and  no  person  shall  do  such  collecting  or  selling  in  any  other  way  or  manner  than 
as  aforesaid.  In  the  case  of  a  junk  boat,  there  shall  be  but  one  person  on  the  boat. 

§121.  License  fee  and  bond;  term. 

Every  junk  dealer  shall  pay  an  annual  license  fee  of  $20  and  give  a  bond  to  the 
city,  with  sufficient  surety  approved  by  the  commissioner  of  licenses,  Tn  the  penal 
sum  of  $250,  condition  for  the  due  observance  of  all  provisions  of  law  and  municipal 
ordinances  relating  to  such  dealers,  excepting  in  the  case  of  a  junk  dealer  operating 
a  junk  boat,  who  shall  furnish  for  each  junk  boat  so  operated,  a  bond,  with  sufficient 
surety  approved  by  the  commissioner  of  licenses,  in  the  sum  of  $1,000  conditioned 
for  the  due  observance  of  all  provisions  of  law  and  municipal  ordinances  relating  to 
such  dealers.  Each  junk  dealer  operating  one  or  more  junk  carts  or  junk  boats, 
shall  pay  an  annual  license  fee  of  $5  for  each  horse-drawn  or  power  vehicle  or  for 
each  boat,  and  an  annual  license  fee  of  $2  for  each  push  cart. 

All  junk  dealers’  licenses,  including  junk  cartmen  and  junk  boatmen  shall  be 
issued  as  of  November  1,  and  shall  expire  on  the  31st  day  of  October  next  suc¬ 
ceeding  the  date  of  issuance  thereof. 

§122.  Restrictions. 

1.  Place.  No  junk  dealer,  including  junk  cartmen  and  junk  boatmen,  shall  carry 
on  business  at  any  other  place  than  the  one  designated  in  the  license  therefor,  which 
place  of  business  shall  be  within  the  limits  of  the  City  of  New  York,  nor  shall  he 
continue  to  carry  on  business  after  such  license  has  been  suspended  or  revoked,  or 
has  expired. 

2.  Purchases.  No  junk  dealer,  including  junk  cartmen  and  junk  boatmen,  shall 
purchase  any  goods,  article  or  thing  whatsoever  from  any  minor,  apprentice  or  servant, 
knowing  or  having  reason  to  believe  the  seller  to  be  such,  nor  from  any  person  be¬ 
tween  the  hours  of  6  p.  m.  and  7  a.  m. 

3  Sales  by  dealers.  No  article  or  articles  hereinabove  enumerated,  except  old 
iron  purchased  in  lots  of  one  thousand  pounds  or  over,  old  paper  and  old  rags,  shall 
be  sold  or  disposed  of  by  a  junk  dealer,  including  junk  boatmen  and  junk  cartmen, 
until  the  expiration  of  48  hours  after  such  purchase  or  receipt. 

4.  Prohibition  as  to  second  hand  dealers.  No  person,  firm  or  corporation  licensed 
as  a  second  hand  dealer  shall  deal  in  the  purchase  or  sale  of  any  particle  or  articles 
enumerated  in  section  120  hereof,  or  employ  or  use  a  cart,  wagon,  boat  or  other 
vehicle  for  the  purpose  of  collecting  any  such  things  or  materials. 

5.  Other  business.  No  one  licensed  as  a  junk  dealer,  including  junk  cartmen  and 
junk  boatmen,  shall  be  licensed  as  a  pawnbroker  or  dealer  in  second  hand  articles  in 
the  city. 

6.  No  licensed  junk  dealer,  including  junk  boatmen  and  junk  cartmen,  shall 
purchase  or  sell  any  new  goods. 

§123.  Record  of  purchases. 

Every  junk  dealer,  including  junk  cartmen  and  junk  boatmen,  shall  keep,  at  his 
place  of  business,  which  place  shall  be  within  the  limits  of  the  City  of  New  York,  a 
book  in  which  shall  be  legibly  written,  in  English,  at  the  time  of  every  purchase  or 
sale,  a  description  of  every  article  so  purchased  or  sold,  the  name,  residence  and 
general  description  of  the  person  or  persons  from  whom  such  purchase  was  made 


324 


LICENSES. 


or  to  whom  such  sale  was  made,  the  day  and  hour  of  such  purchase  or  sale,  and 
when  the  purchase  consists  of  article  from  a  scow,  coal-boat,  lighter,  tug  or  other 
vessel,  the  name  of  such  scow,  coal-boat,  lighter,  tug  or  other  vessel,  and  the  name 
and  residence  of  the  owner  thereof ;  and  such  book  shall  at  all  reasonable  times 
be  open  to  the  inspection  of  any  police  officer,  or  the  mayor,  the  commissioner  or 
any  inspector  of  licenses,  or  any  magistrate,  or  person  duly  authorized  in  writing, 
for  such  purpose,  by  the  commissioner  or  any  magistrate,  who  shall  exhibit  such 
authorization  to  the  dealer. 

§124.  Reports  to  the  police  department. 

Every  junk  dealer,  including  junk  cartmen  and  junk  boatmen,  upon  being  served 
with  a  written  notice  so  to  do  by  a  member  of  the  police  department,  shall  report 
to  the  police  commissioner,  on  blank  forms  to  be  furnished  by  the  police  department, 
an  accurate  description  of  all  goods,  articles  or  things  purchased  or  receivedT  in  the 
course  of  business  of  the  junk  dealer  during  the  days  specified  in  such  notice,  statfng 
the  amount  paid  for,  and  the  name,  residence  and  general  description  of  the  person 
from  whom  such  goods,  articles  or  things  were  received. 

§125.  Lost  or  stolen  goods. 

If  any  goods,  articles  or  thing  whatsoever,  shall  be  advertised  in  any  newspaper 
printed  in  the  city  as  having  been  lost  or  stolen,  and  if  the  same  or  any  such  answer¬ 
ing  to  the  description  advertised  or  any  part  thereof  shall  be  or  come  into  the  pos¬ 
session  of  any  junk  dealer,  including  junk  cartmen  and  junk  boatmen,  such  dealer, 
upon  receiving  written,  printed  or  oral  notice  so  to  do,  shall  give  information  thereof 
in  writing  to  the  police  commissioner,  stating  from  whom  the  same  was  received. 
Every  junk  dealer,  as  aforesaid,  who  shall  have  or  receive  any  goods,  article  or  thing 
lost  or  stolen,  or  alleged  or  supposed  to  have  been  lost  or  stolen,  shall  exhibit  the 
same,  on  demand,  to  any  police  officer,  or  to  the  mayor,  commissioner  or  any  in¬ 
spector  of  licenses,  or  any  magistrate,  or  any  person  duly  authorized  in  writing,  by 
the  commissioner  or  any  magistrate,  who  shall  exhibit  such  authorization  to  such 
dealer. 


§126.  Violations. 

Any  person  who  shall  violate,  or  neglect,  or  refuse  to  comply  with  any  of  the 
provisions  of  this  article,  shall,  upon  conviction  thereof,  be  punished  by  a  fine  of  not 
more  than  $200,  or  by  imprisonment  not  exceeding  sixty  days,  or  by  both  such  fine 
and  imprisonment. 

^ARTICLE  9a. 


Section  126. 

127. 

128. 
129. 


Pawnbrokers. 

Record  of  pledges. 

Pawnbroker’s  clerks. 

Report  to  the  police  department. 
Violations. 


§126.  Record  of  pledges. 

Every  pawnbroker  shall,  at  the  time  of  each  loan,  record  the  transaction  in 
legible  English  in  a  book  which  he  shall  keep  for  the  purpose,  setting  forth  in  each 


instance : 

1.  A  description  of  the  goods,  articles  and  things  pawned  or  pledged; 

2.  The  amount  of  money  loaned  thereon; 

3.  The  date  of  receipt  of  the  pledge; 

4.  The  rate  of  interest  charged,  if  other  than  a  legal  rate; 

5.  The  name  and  residence  given  by  the  person  pawning  or  pledging  such  goods. 

articles  or  things. 


*Added  by  ord.  effective  Dec.  31,  1915. 

325 


CHAP.  14,  ARTS.  9a,  10,  SECS.  127-131. 


§127.  Pawnbroker’s  clerks. 

No  pawnbroker  shall  employ  a  clerk  or  other  person  under  the  age  of  16  years, 
to  accept  or  receive  any  pledge. 

§128.  Report  to  the  police  department. 

Every  pawnbroker  shall,  at  such  time  or  times  as  the  police  commissioner 
may  prescribe  in  a  written  notice,  to  be  served  upon  such  pawnbroker  by  a  member 
of  the  police  department,  report  to  the  police  commissioner,  on  blank  forms  to  be 
furnished  by  the  police  department,  a  description  such  as  is  required  to  be  kept  under 
§126,  subdivision  1  of  this  chapter,  of  all  goods,  articles  or  things,  or  any  part  thereof, 
pawned  or  pledged  in  the  course  of  business  of  the  pawnbroker  during  the  days 
specified  in  such  notice,  stating  the  numbers  of  the  pawn  tickets  issued  therefor,  the 
amounts  loaned  thereon,  and  such  identifying  marks  as  may  be  on  the  goods  pawned, 
and,  if  such  notice  from  the  police  commissioner  so  prescribes,  such  pawnbroker  shall, 
from  that  time  and  until  he  is  notified  to  discontinue  so  doing,  keep  and  furnish  on 
such  blank  forms,  a  general  description  of  every  person  depositing  such  pledges, 
consisting  of  sex,  color  and  apparent  age. 

§129.  Violations. 

Any  person  who  shall  willfully  violate,  or  neglect  or  refuse  to  comply  with  any 
of  the  provisions  of  this  ordinance,  shall,  upon  conviction  thereof,  be  punished  by  a 
fine  of  not  more  than  $100,  or  by  imprisonment  not  exceeding  10  days,  or  by  both 
such  fine  and  imprisonment. 

ARTICLE  10. 

Peddlers,  Hawkers  and  Venders. 

Section  130.  Definitions ;  exceptions. 

131.  License  fees;  term. 

132.  Designation  of  vehicles. 

§130.  Definitions;  exceptions. 

1.  Definitions.  Any  person  hawking,  peddling,  vending  or  selling  merchandise 
in  the  streets  of  the  city  shall  be  deemed  to  be  a  peddler,  and  shall  be  classified  as 
follows :  A  peddler  using  a  motor  driven  vehicle ;  a  peddler  using  a  horse  and  wagon ; 
a  peddler  using  a  push  cart;  and  a  peddler  personally  carrying  merchandise.  -  (C. 
O.,  §347;  amended  by  and  effective  Dec.  28,  1915.) 

2.  Newspapers.  This  article  shall  not  apply  in  any  way  to  the  selling  of  news¬ 
papers  or  periodicals.  (C.  O.,  §347.) 

3.  Farmers.  Any  person,  owning  or  operating  a  farm  in  the  city  and  selling,  in 
the  streets,  produce  raised  on  such  farm,  shall  not  be  deemed  a  peddler  within  the 
meaning  of  this  article.  Any  such  person  may  make  application  to  the  commissioner, 
and,  upon  affidavit  setting  forth  sufficient  facts  to  entitle  him  to  this  exemption,  he 
shall  thereupon  receive  a  certificate  thereof.  (C.  O.,  §348.) 

§131.  License  fees;  term. 

The  annual  license  fees  payable  by  peddlers  shall  be,  for  each  peddler: 


Using  a  motor-driven  vehicle . . .  $8  00 

Using  a  horse  and  wagon .  8  00 

Using  a  push  cart  . .  4  00 

Personally  carrying  merchandise .  2  00 


All  peddler  licenses  shall  be  issued  as  of  May  1,  and  shall  expire  on  the  30th  day 
of  April  next  succeeding  the  date  of  issuance  thereof. 

All  peddler  licenses  now  in  force,  which  shall  not  sooner  expire,  shall  expire  on 
the  30th  day  of  April,  1916,  next  succeeding  the  date  on  which  this  ordinance  takes 
effect,  but  all  such  licenses  for  peddlers  may  be  renewed  by  the  licensees,  if  presented 


326 


LICENSES. 


on  or  before  July  31,  1916,  and  for  each  full  calendar  month  of  the  unexpired  term 
of  the  old  license  a  pro  rata  amount  of  the  fee  paid  therefor  shall  be  applied  toward 
the  payment  of  the  new  fee.  (Amended  by  ord.  effective  Dec.  28,  1915.) 


§132.  Designation  of  vehicles. 

Any  vehicle  used  in  peddling  shall  show  on  each  outside  thereof  the  words, 
“  Licensed  Peddler,”  together  with  the  figures  of  its  official  number,  and  any  peddler 
duly  licensed  to  use  a  horse  and  wagon  or  a  motor-driven  vehicle  may  employ  2 
persons,  and  no  more,  to  assist  in  selling  and  delivering  the  wares,  but  such  persons 
shall  so  act  only  while  accompanying  a  licensed  peddler.  (Ammended  by  ord.  effective 
Apr.  24,  1916.) 


ARTICLE  11. 


Public  Carts  and  Cartmen. 


Section  140. 

141. 

142. 

143. 

144. 


Definitions. 

Classification. 

Licenses  and  license  plates. 
License  fees. 

Charges. 


§140.  Definitions. 

Every  vehicle,  of  whatever  construction,  drawn  by  animals  or  propelled  by  any 
motor  power,  which  is  kept  for  hire  or  used  to  carry  merchandise,  household  or  office 
furniture  or  other  bulky  articles  within  the  city,  for  pay,  shall  be  deemed  to  be  a  public 
cart,  and  the  owner  thereof  shall  be  deemed  to  be  a  public  cartman.  (Ord.  effective 
June  2,  1914.) 


§141.  Classification. 

Public  carts  shall  be  divided  into  2  classes,  namely:  motor  driven  public  carts  and 
horse  drawn  public  carts. 

1.  Horse  drawn.  Horse  drawn  public  carts  shall  be  divided  into  2  classes : 

A — To  include  all  public  carts  drawn  by  1  horse  and  having  an  inside  floor  space 
of  at  least  40  square  feet. 

B — To  include  all  public  carts  drawn  by  2  or  more  horses  and  having  an  inside 
floor  surface  of  at  least  70  square  feet.  (Id.) 

2.  Motor  driven.  Motor  driven  public  carts  shall  be  divided  into  2  classes: 

F — To  include  all  motor  driven  public  carts  having  an  inside  floor  surface  of  at 
least  70  square  feet. 

G — To  include  all  motor  driven  public  carts  having  an  inside  floor  surface  of  at 
least  90  square  feet. 

In  all  of  the  above  measurements,  a  variation  of  more  than  5  per  cent,  shall  not 
be  accepted.  (Id.) 

§142.  Licenses  and  license  plates. 

Upon  the  payment  of  the  fee  hereinafter  provided,  the  commissioner  shall  issue 
a  license  to  the  owner  of  the  vehicle,  together  with  a  plate,  to  be  affixed  to  a  con¬ 
spicuous  and  indispensable  part  of  such  public  cart,  on  which  shall  be  clearly  set  forth 
the  official  number  of  the  vehicle,  with  the  words  “Public  Cart.”  The  design  or  color 
of  the  plate  shall  be  changed  at  the  beginning  of  each  license  year,  which  shall  be 
August  1  of  each  year.  (Id.) 

§143.  License  fees. 

The  following  annual  license  fees  shall  be  paid : 


All  public  carts  in  class  A  shall  pay  a  fee  of .  $2  00 

All  public  carts  in  class  B  shall  pay  a  fee  of .  2  00 

327 


CHAP.  14,  ART .  11,  SEC.  144. 


All  public  carts  in  class  F  shall  pay  a  fee  of .  5  00 

All  public  carts  in  class  G  shall  pay  a  fee  of .  5  00 


Such  license  fees  shall  be  in  lieu  of  and  not  in  addition  to  any  fees  heretofore 
established,  and.  except  as  above  provided,  no  charge  shall  be  made.  (Id.) 

§144.  Charges. 

1.  Special  contract.  The  amount  to  be  charged  for  loading,  transporting,  or 
transmitting  and  unloading  of  merchandise,  household  or  office  furniture,  or  other 
bulky  articles,  by  a  public  cartman,  may  be  agreed  upon  in  advance  and  such  contract 
or  agreement  shall  control  and  regulate  the  employment.  In  every  case  where  such 
agreement  is  entered  into,  it  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  public  cartman  to  furnish  the 
person  with  whom  he  contracts  a  written  memorandum,  to  be  signed  by  both  parties, 
or  their  responsible  and  authorized  representatives,  setting  forth  clearly  the  terms  of 
the  contract.  This  memorandum  shall  be  upon  blanks  to  be  approved  by  the  depart¬ 
ment.  (Id.) 

2.  General.  The  legal  rates  for  transporting  merchandise,  household  or  office 
furniture,  or  other  bulky  articles  (other  than  pianos),  including  the  loading  and 
unloading  thereof,  unless  otherwise  agreed  upon  as  set  forth  in  the  foregoing  para¬ 
graph,  shall  be  as  follows  (said  charges  to  commence  from  the  time  of  arrival  of 
vehicle  or  vehicles  at  the  place  from  which  articles  are  to  be  transported,  and  to  end 
when  articles  are  delivered)  : 

a.  Where  a  vehicle  drawn  by  1  horse,  and  having  an  inside  floor  surface  of  at 
least  40  square  feet  is  used,  $1.25  per  hour,  said  vehicle  to  be  propelled  at  not  less 
than  3  miles  an  hour; 

b.  Where  a  vehicle  drawn  by  2  or  more  horses,  and  having  an  inside  floor  surface 
of  at  least  70  square  feet  is  used.  $1.50  per  hour,  said  vehicle  to  be  propelled  at  not  less 
than  3  miles  an  hour; 

c.  Where  a  motor-driven  vehicle,  having  an  inside  floor  surface  of.  at  least  70 
square  feet  is  used,  $1.75  per  hour,  said  vehicle  to  be  propelled  at  not  less  than  8 
miles  per  hour ; 

d.  Where  a  motor-driven  vehicle,  having  an  inside  floor  surface  of  at  least  90 
square  feet  is  used,  $2.50  per  hour,  said  vehicle  to  be  propelled  at  not  less  than  8  miles 
an  hour; 

e.  For  the  service  of  each  man  in  adidtion  to  the  operator  or  driver,  50  cents  per 
hour. 

The  number  of  men  to  be  engaged  on  any  one  job  or  operation  is  not  to  exceed 
4,  including  the  driver,  except  when  specially  agreed  upon  by  the  person  hiring  the 
public  cart.  In  case  any  vehicle,  while  engaged  in  the  transportation  of  merchandise, 
household  or  office  furniture,  or  other  bulky  articles,  should  break  down  or  become 
disabled  from  any  cause,  no  charge  shall  be  made  for  the  period  of  such  disability. 
(Id.) 

3.  Pianos,  a.  Where  a  piano  is  transported  in  the  same  public  cart  as  other 
articles  of  household  or  office  furniture,  and  is  part  of  the  same  operation  or  job,  an 
additional  charge  of  not  exceeding  $1.50  may  be  made  for  transporting  it. 

b.  Where  a  piano  is  transported  as  a  separate  operation  or  job  and  the  distance 
travelled  is  3  miles  or  less,  the  charge  therefor  shall  not  exceed  $3,  including  labor 
and  use  of  vehicle  therefor;  for  each  additional  mile  or  part  therof.  50  cents. 

c.  For  transporting  pianos  either  up  or  down  1  or  more  flights  of  stairs,  50  cents 
for  each  flight. 

d.  For  transporting  pianos  up  or  down,  by  means  of  elevator,  $1  additional. 

•  e.  Where  the  handling  of  a  piano  involves  the  use  of  a  hoist,  tackle  and  rigging, 
at  either  or  both  ends  of  fhe  operation  or  job,  a  charge  of  not  more  than  $5  additional 
will  be  permitted. 


328 


LICENSES. 


4.  Adjustment  of  disputes.  All  disputes  as  to  the  rate  or  amount  of  compensation 
shall  be  adjusted  by  the  police  officer  in  charge  of  the  police  station  nearest  to  the 
place  where  such  dispute  is  had.  On  failure  to  abide  by  the  decision,  the  said  load,  or 
a  part  thereof  sufficient  to  secure  charges  thereon,  shall  be  taken  to  a  convenient 
storage  warehouse  and  a  notice,  in  writing,  with  a  brief  statement  of  particulars,  shall 
be  sent  at  once  by  the  public  cartman  to  the  commissioner  of  licenses.  (Id.) 


ARTICLE  12. 


Public  Porters. 


Section  150. 

151. 

152. 

153. 

154. 

155. 

156. 


License  required ;  hotel  runners  excepted. 

License  fees ;  term. 

Badge. 

Impersonation  of  public  porters  and  hotel  runners. 
Service  obligatory. 

Charges. 

Overcharges. 


§150.  License  required;  hotel  runners  excepted. 

No  person  shall  carry,  or  use  any  wheelborrow  or  handcart  to  carry,  transport 
or  convey  baggage,  goods,  or  other  things  from  place  to  place  for  hire,  wages  or  pay 
for  such  conveyance;  nor  be  at  any  hotel,  boarding  house,  ferry,  steamboat  landing, 
railroad  station  or  depot,  and  solicit  or  accept  the  conveyance  of  baggage  or  other 
articles,  without  being  licensed.  This  section  shall  not  be  construed  to  prevent  any 
person,  employed  in  an  hotel  or  boarding-house,  from  conveying  any  baggage  or  other 
article  thereto  or  therefrom,  by  handcart  or  wheel-borrow,  provided  the  name  of  the 
hotel  and  boarding  house,  and  the  keeper  thereof,  shall  be  painted  distinctly  on  both 
sides  of  the  vehicle,  and  on  a  badge  worn  on  the  front  of  his  hat  or  cap,  so  as  to  be 
easily  and  distinctly  seen.  (C.  O.,  §329a;  amended  by  ord.  effective  Feb.  9,  1915.) 

§151,  License  fees;  term. 

Every  person  on  receiving  a  license  to  be  a  public  porter  shall  pay  a  fee  of  $1;  and 
the  sum  of  25  cents  upon  each  renewal  of  such  license. 

All  public  porter  licenses  shall  be  issued  as  of  January  1,  and  shall  expire  on  the 
31st  day  of  December  next  succeeding  the  date  of  issuance  thereof.  (C.  O.,  §329c; 
amended  by  ord.  effective  July  16,  1915.) 

§152.  Badge. 

Each  public  porter  shall  wear,  in  a  conspicuous  place  about  his  person,  so  as  to 
be  easily  seen,  a  brass  plate  or  badge,  on  which  shall  be  engraved  his  name,  the  words 
“Public  Porter,”  and  the  number  of  his  license.  No  public  porter  shall  suffer  or 
permit  any  other  person  than  himself  to  carry  any  article  or  articles  in  his  wheel  or 
hand  barrow,  or  handcart,  nor  to  wear  his  badge  or  use  his  name  in  any  way  whatever, 
in  the  transportation  or  conveyance  of  any  thing.  (C.  O.,  §§329d,  329j.) 

§153.  Impersonation  of  public  porters  and  hotel  runners. 

No  person,  other  than  a  licensed  public  porter,  shall  wear  or  exhibit  any  badge 
purporting  to  be,  resembling  or  being  similar  to  the  badge  of  a  public  porter.  No 
person  shall  represent  himself  as,  or  wear  or  exhibit  any  badge,  inscription,  card,  or 
device,  purporting  or  implying  that  he  is  employed  or  authorized  by  the  keeper,  pro¬ 
prietor,  agent  or  officer  of  any  hotel,  boarding-house,  vessel,  steamboat  or  railroad 
company,  to  solicit,  receive  or  convey  persons,  baggage,  or  other  things  to  or  from 
any  such  hotel,  boarding-house,  vessel,  steamboat  or  railroad  company’s  station  or 
depot,  without  being  actually  and  duly  authorized  by  such  keeper,  proprietor,  officer  or 
agent  so  to  do.  (C.  O.,  §§329d,  329k.) 

\ 


329 


CHAP.  14 ,  ARTS.  12-14,  S'ECS.  154-170. 


§154.  Service  obligatory. 

No  public  porter  or  handcartman  shall  neglect  or  refuse  to  transport  any  article 
or  articles  when  required  so  to  do,  unless  he  shall  than  be  actually  and  otherwise 
employed,  or  unless  the  distance  he  shall  be  required  to  go  shall  be  more  than  2  miles, 
under  the  penalty  of  $5  for  each  offense.  (C.  O.,  §329h.) 

§155.  Charges. 

Public  porters  shall  be  entitled  to  charge  and  receive,  for  the  carrying  or  convey¬ 
ance  of  any  article  any  distance  within  a  mile,  25  cents  if  carried  by  hand,  and 
50  cents  if  carried  on  a  wheelbarrow  or  handcart;  if  the  distance  exceeds  a  mile, 
of  the  above  rates  in  addition  thereto,  and  in  the  same  proportion  for  any  greater 
distance.  No  porter  br  handcartman,  other  than  a  public  porter  wearing  his  badge  as 
required  by  this  article,  shall  be  entitled  to  recover  or  receive  any  pay  or  fare  from 
any  person,  for  the  transportation  of  any  article.  Upon  the  trial  of  any  cause  com¬ 
menced  for  the  recovery  of  any  porterage,  the  plaintiff  must  prove  that  his  badge  was 
worn  and  the  price  fixed,  agreeably  to  this  section,  at  the  time  the  services  were 
rendered  for  which  the  action  was  brought.  (C.  O.,  §329e,  f.  g.) 

§156.  Overcharges. 

Any  public  porter  who  shall  ask  or  demand  any  greater  rate  of  pay  or  compensa¬ 
tion,  for  the  carrying  or  conveyance  of  any  article,  than  is  herein  provided,  shall  not 
be  entitled  to  any  pay  for  the  service,  and  it  shall  be  deemed  a  violation  of  this  article 
for  him  to  ask,  demand,  or  receive  any  greater  pay  or  compensation.  (C.  O.,  §329j.) 

ARTICLE  13. 

Shooting  Galleries. 

Section  160.  Definition ;  requirements. 

161.  License  fees. 

§160.  Definition;  requirements. 

Any  shooting  gallery,  in  a  place  open  to  the  public,  shall  be  deemed  to  be  included 
within  the  terms  of  this  chapter,  and  every  keeper  of  a  public  shooting  gallery  shall 
maintain  good  order  and  allow  no  person  under  16  years  of  age  to  shoot  therein. 
(C.  O.,  §353.) 

§161.  License  fees. 

The  annual  license  fc  ?  for  each  public  shooting  gallery  shall  be  $5.  (C.  O.,  §307.) 

ARTICLE  14. 

Street  Musicians. 

Section  170.  Hand  organ  grinders. 

171.  Itinerant  musicians. 

172.  Term  of  license. 

§170  Hand  organ  grinders. 

No  person  shall  use  or  perform  on  a  hand  organ  in  any  street  or  public  place, 
unless  such  hand  organ  shall  be  licensed  as  hereinafter  ordained.  Upon  payment  of  a 
license  fee  of  $5  per  annum,  the  commissioner  of  licenses  may  grant  and  issue  licenses 
for  such  number  of  hand  organs  as  he  may  deem  proper,  not  to  exceed,  however, 
the  total  number  of  800.  The  license  so  granted  and  issued  must  be  conspicuously 
displayed  at  all  times  upon  the  front  of  the  hand  organ.  No  person  using  or  perform¬ 
ing  upon  a  hand  organ  shall  solicit,  ask  or  request  any  money  for  such  use  or  per¬ 
formance  in  any  way,  shape  or  manner,  directly  or  indirectly.  No  person  shall  use  or 
perform  upon  a  hand  organ  in  any  street  or  public  place,  before  the  hour  of  9  a.  m. 
nor  after  the  hour  of  6  p.  m.  of  any  day;  nor  during  any  part  of  the  first  day  of  the 

330 


LICENSES. 


week  commonly  called  Sunday ;  nor  within  a  distance  of  500  feet  of  any  school  house 
or  house  of  public  worship,  during  school  hours  or  hours  of  public  worship, 
respectively;  nor  within  a  like  distance  of  any  court,  public  office,  hospital,  asylum, 
or  other  public  institution,  nor  within  a  distance  of  250  feet  of  any  tenement  house, 
dwelling  house  or  other  building,  when  directed  or  requested  by  any  occupant  thereof 
to  refrain  from  or  discontinue  using  or  performing  upon  such  hand  organ.  (C.  O., 
§547;  §39,  Manhattan  ords. ;  as  amended  by  ord.  effective  July  16,  1915.) 

§171.  Itinerant  musicians. 

No  person  shall  use  or  perform  on  any  musical  instrument  in  any  street  or 
public  place  unless  he  shall  have  been  licensed  as  an  itinerant  musician,  as  herein¬ 
after  provided.  Upon  the  payment  of  a  license  fee  of  $10  per  annum,  the  commis¬ 
sioner  of  licenses  may  grant  and  issue  licenses  to  such  number  of  itinerant  musicians 
as  he  may  deem  proper,  not  to  exceed,  however,  the  total  number  of  800 ;  but 
no  such  license  shall  be  granted  to  any  person  except  upon  the  affidavits  of  the 
applicant  and  2  other  persons,  residing  within  the  city,  showing  that  the  applicant 
has  been  a  resident  of  the  city  for  at  least  1  year  prior  to  his  application  for 
the  license,  and  setting  forth  the  different  places  in  which  he  has  resided  therein 
during  such  period.  No  person  licensed  as  an  itinerant  musician  shall  solicit,  ask 
or  request  any  money  for  his  performance,  as  such,  in  any  way,  shape  or  manner, 
directly  or  indirectly.  No  person  shall  use  or  perform  upon  any  musical  instrument 
in  any  street  or  public  place,  before  the  hour  of  9  A.  M.  nor  after  the  hour  of  6 
P.  M.  of  any  day;  nor  during  any  part  of  the  first  day  of  the  week,  commonly  called 
Sunday;  nor  within  a  distance  of  200  feet  of  any  schoolhouse  or  house  of  public 
worship,  during  school  hours  or  hours  of  public  worship,  respectively;  nor  within 
a  like  distance  of  any  court,  public  office,  hospital,  asylum  or  other  public  institu¬ 
tion,  nor  within  a  distance  of  250  feet  of  any  tenement  house,  dwelling  house  or 
other  building,  when  directed  or  requested  by  any  occupant  thereof  to  refrain  from 
or  discontinue  using  or  performing  upon  such  musical  instrument. 

The  provisions  of  this  section  shall  apply  only  to  itinerant  musicians  and  shall  not 
be  construed  to  affect  any  band  of  music  or  organized  musical  or  religious  society 
engaged  in  any  military  or  civic  parade,  or  to  any  musical  performance  conducted 
under  a  license  from  municipal  authority.  (Amended  by  ord.  effective  Dec.  27,  1915.) 

§172.  Term  of  license. 

All  licenses  for  street  musicians  shall  be  issued  as  of  January  1  and  shall  expire 
on  the  31st  day  of  December  next  succeeding  the  date  of  issuance  thereof.  (Added 
by  ord.  effective  Jan.  9,  1917.) 

ARTICLE  15. 

Massage  Institutes  and  Operators. 

Section  175.  Definitions. 

176.  Qualifications,  license  fee  and  term. 

177.  Violations. 

§175.  Definitions;  character;  institutes. 

A  .person  who  applies  manual  or  mechanical  massage  or  similar  treatment  to 
the  human  trunk  or  limbs  shall  be  deemed  to  be  intended  within  the  terms  of  this 
ordinance  a  massage  operator,  but  no  person  comprehended  within  the  provisions  of 
section  219  of  the  Sanitary  Code,  entitled  nurses,  or  section  173  of  the  Public  Health 
Law,  relating  to  osteopathy,  shall  be  deemed  to  be  intended  within  the  provisions  of 
this  ordinance. 

Any  place  in  which  two  or  more  massage  operators  give  treatment  shall  be 
deemed  to  be  intended  within  the  terms  of  this  ordinance  a  massage  establishment  or 
institute.  No  establishment  incorporated  as  a  hospital  or  sanitarium  or  compre- 

331 


CHAP.  14,  ART.  15,  SECS.  176,  177. 


bended  under  section  226  of  the  Sanitary  Code,  entitled  hpspitals,  or  section  340  of 
the  Sanitary  Code,  relating  to  bathing  establishments,  shall  be  deemed  to  be  within 
the  provisions  of  this  ordinance. 

§176.  Qualifications,  license  fee  and  terms. 

The  commissioner  of  licenses,  with  the  approval  of  the  police  commissioner, 
shall  license  in  his  discretion  such  operators  and  institutes  as  shall  have  complied 
with  the  rules  and  regulations  laid  down  by  the  board  of  aldermen  and  further  any 
such  rules  and  regulations  to  be  subject  at  all  times  to  amendment  by  the  board  of 
aldermen.  The  annual  license  fee  for  each  massage  institute  shall  be  $10,  and  for 
each  massage  operator  $3.  All  licenses  shall  be  issued  as  of  December  1st  of  each 
year,  and  shall  expire  on  November  30th  next  succeeding  the  date  of  issue  thereof. 

§177.  Violations  and  penalties. 

The  commissioner  of  licenses,  after  a  hearing,  shall  have  power  to  suspend  or 
revoke  at  any  time  any  license  granted  in  accordance  with  this  article.  He  shall 
revoke  the  license  of  any  massage  institute,  the  proprietor  of  which  employs  as  an 
operator  a  person  not  licensed  in  accordance  with  the  provisions  of  this  article,  or 
permits  the  premises  to  be  used  in  violation  of  any  of  the  provisions  of  section 
1146  of  the  Penal  Law,  entitled  “keeping  disorderly  houses,”  of  section  150  of  the 
Tenement  House  Law,  entitled  “vagrancy,”  or  of  subdivision  4  of  section  887  of 
ihe  Code  of  Criminal  Procedure,  entitled  “who  are  vagrants,”  and  also  the  license 
of  any  operator  who  personally  violates  any  one  of  those  sections.  For  the  purpose 
of  this  ordinance  it  shall  be  deemed  to  be  a  violation  of  these  sections  for  any 
operator  to  treat  a  person  of  the  opposite  sex,  except  upon  the  signed  order  of  a 
licensed  physician,  osteo,  which  order  shall  be  dated  and  shall  specifically  state  the 
number  of  treatments,  not  to  exceed  ten,  to  be  given,  except  as  such  treatments 
are  given  in  the  residence  of  the  patient,  the  office  of  a  physician,  or  in  a  hospital 
or  sanitarium.  The  date  and  hour  of  each  treatment  given  and  the  name  of  the 
operator  shall  be  entered  on  such  order  and  the  same  shall  be  subject  to  inspection 
by  the  police. 

Every  massage  operator  and  institute  to  whom  or  for  which  a  license  shall  have 
been  issued,  pursuant  to  the  provisions  of  this  section,  shall  display  a  sign  upon  which 
the  words  “Licensed  Masseur,”  “Licensed  Masseuse,”  or  “Licensed  Massage  Insti¬ 
tute,”  in  accordance  with  the  license  as  issued,  shall  be  conspicuously  and  legibly 
set  forth  in  English  in  such  manner  that  the  words  may  be  readily  seen  by  persons 
entering  the  said  premises  where  massage  is  given.  (Added  by  ord.  approved  Nov. 
27,  1916.  In  effect  Dec.  1,  1916.) 


332 


CHAPTER  15. 
MARKETS. 


Article  1.  General  provisions. 

2.  Location  and  designation  of  public  markets. 

3.  Farmers  and  market  gardeners. 


Section  1. 

2. 

3. 

4. 

5. 

6. 


ARTICLE  1. 

General  Provisions. 

Control  of  markets  and  market-places. 

Transfers  of  stalls  or  stands. 

Adjustment  of  controversies. 

Water-front  property  adjoining  market-lands;  highways  through  or 
bounding  market-places. 

Market  hours. 

Regulation  of  toilet  facilities. 


§1.  Control  of  markets  and  market=places. 

The  collector  of  city  revenue  and  superintendent  of  markets,  with  the  approval  of 
the  comptroller,  shall  have  sole  charge  and  control  of  all  public  markets  and  market 
places,  and  of  all  vehicles  employed  in  the  business  of  vending  and  selling  merchandise 
of  any  description  therein,  and  shall  have  power  to  make  suitable  regulations  con¬ 
cerning  the  fees  for  conducting  business  in  markets  and  market  places,  the  hours 
during  which  such  business  may  be  conducted  and  the  general  management  thereof. 
(Charter,  §§163,  164;  C  0.,  §78.) 


§2.  Transfers  of  stalls  or  stands. 

No  transfer  or  assignment  of  any  stall  or  stand  in  any  public  market  shall  be 
made  without  the  written  permission  of  the  comptroller,  and  such  transfer  shall  be 
duly  entered  upon  the  register  or  list  of  stands,  and  notice  of  the  transfer,  when  made, 
shall  be  given  to  the  comptroller.  (C.  O.,  §80.) 

§3.  Adjustment  of  controversies. 

The  comptroller  may  adjust  and  settle  any  claims  and  controversies  in  regard  to 
rents  and  other  matters  that  appertain  to  any  lease  of  market  lands,  both  those  which 
have  heretofore  arisen  and  any  which  may  hereafter  arise,  during  either  the  original 
term  or  any  renewal  or  extension  thereof,  as,  in  his  opinion,  justice  may  require. 
(Charter,  §164.) 


§4.  Water=front  property  adjoining  market=Iands;  highways  through  or  bound¬ 
ing  market=places. 

Nothing  herein  contained  shall  interfere  with  the  jurisdiction  of  the  department  of 
docks  and  ferries  over  the  water-front  property  in  and  around  any  market  lands,  nor 
with  the  jurisdiction  of  the  president  of  any  borough  over  market  lands,  in  so  far  as 
concerns  his  powers  over  highways.  (Charter,  §164.) 

§5.  Market  hours. 

Every  vehicle  in  which  articles  shall  be  brought  to  market,  or  which  shall  come 
within  the  limits  of  any  market,  shall  be  removed  therefrom  at  or  before  12  o’clock 
noon  of  each  day,  except  Saturday.  On  Saturdays,  any  market  may  remain  open  and 
market  licensees  may  conduct  business  therein  until  12  o’clock,  midnight.  (C.  O.,  §83a.) 

§6.  Regulation  of  toilet  facilities. 

No  water  closet  or  urinal  shall  be  erected  or  maintained  in  any  public  market,  over 
or  above  any  stall,  stand  or  place  where  meats,  fish,  butter,  eggs,  fowl,  game,  vege- 

333 


CHAP.  15,  ART.  2,  SECS.  20-23. 


tables,  fruits,  or  other  articles  of  food  supply  are  kept  or  offered  for  sale,  and  all 
such  water  closets  and  urinals  shall,  so  far  as  practicable,  be  built  and  maintained 
below  the  ground  floor  of  such  market.  (Ord.  effective  Apr.  4,  1911.) 

ARTICLE  2. 

Location  and  Designation  of  Public  Markets. 


Section  20. 

Delancey  street  market. 

21. 

Eighth  ward  market,  borough  of  Brooklyn. 

22. 

Essex  market 

23. 

Queensboro  bridge  market. 

24. 

Gansevoort  market. 

25. 

Jefferson  market. 

26. 

Manhattan  bridge  market. 

27. 

28. 

Third  avenue  market. 

29. 

Union  square  market. 

30. 

Wallabout  market. 

31. 

Washington  market. 

32. 

West  Washington  market. 

§20.  Delancey  street  market. 

The  space  under  the  Williamsburg  Bridge  between  Ridge  and  Columbia  streets. 
in  the  Borough  of  Manhattan,  shall  be  set  aside  and  apart  for  a  public  market,  and 
shall  be  known  as  the  Delancey  Street  market.  (As  amended  by  ord.  approved  July 
20,  1916.) 

§21.  Eighth  ward  market,  borough  of  Brooklyn. 

So  much  of  the  lands  in  the  borough  of  Brooklyn  as  are  bounded  and  described 
as  follows,  to  wit :  Beginning  at  a  point  on  the  westerly  line  or  side  of  2d  avenue,  375 
feet  northerly  from  the  centre  line  of  39th  street;  running  thence  westerly  on  a  line 
parallel  with  and  distant  375  feet  from  said  center  line  of  39th  street  to  the  pierhead 
line,  as  established  by  law ;  thence  northeasterly  along  said  pierhead  line  to  a  point  on 
the  westerly  prolongation  of  the  southerly  line  of  36th  street;  thence  easterly  along  the 
westerly  prolongation  of  the  southerly  line  of  36th  street  to  the  westerly  line  or  side  of 
Second  avenue;  and  thence  southerly  along  the  westerly  line  or  side  of  Second  avenue, 
376  feet,  more  or  less,  to  the  point  or  place  of  beginning,  in  said  borough,  shall  be  set 
aside  and  apart  for  public  wholesale  market,  and  shall  be  known  as  the  Eighth  ward 
market,  borough  of  Brooklyn.  (C.  O.,  §83.) 

§22.  Essex  market. 

So  much  of  the  lands  in  the  borough  of  Manhattan  as  are  bounded  and  described 
as  follows,  to  wit :  The  premises  located  on  the  northwest  corner  of  the  blind  alley 
or  lane,  and  Essex  street,  situated  between  Grand  and  Broome  streets,  heretofore 
known  and  used  as  the  “Essex  Market  Court  House,”  the  premises  located  and 
bounded  by  Grand  street,  Ludlow  street,  the  blind  alley  and  Essex  street,  now  occu¬ 
pied  as  a  public  school  and  formerly  known  as  the  Old  Essex  Market,  and  also  the  said 
blind  alley  or  lane  situated  between  Grand  and  Broom  streets,  and  running  from 
Ludlow  to  Essex  street,  in  said  borough,  shall  be  set  aside  and  apart  for  a  public 
market,  and  shall  be  known  as  Essex  Market.  (Ord.  effective  May  20,  1913.) 

§23.  Queensboro  bridge  market. 

The  lands  bounded  and  described  as  follows : 

Bounded  on  the  west  by  the  easterly  side  of  First  avenue;  bounded  on  the  south 
by  the  northerly  line  or  curb  of  East  59th  street  to  a  point  at  right  angles  to  the  centre 


334 


MARKETS. 


line  of  anchorage  pier;  thence  running  northerly  on  a  line  parallel  to  First  avenue  to 
the  easterly  line  or  curb  of  East  60th  street;  thence  westerly  along  the  line  or  curb  of 
East  60th  street  to  the  westerly  line  or  curb  of  First  avenue,  the  same  being  the  point 
or  place  of  beginning,  are  hereby  declared  to  be  a  public  market,  to  be  known  as  the 
yueensboro  bridge  market,  and  shall  be  set  aside  for  such  purposes  during  the  pleas¬ 
ure  of  the  board  of  aldermen,  subject  to  such  rules  and  regulations  concerning  fees^ 
the  hours  of  doing  business  and  the  general  management  of  said  market  as  may  be 
made  by  the  comptroller.  (As  amended  by  ord.  approved  July  20,  1916.) 

§24.  Gansevoort  market. 

The  lands  bounded  on  the  north  by  Little  12th  street,  on  the  south  by  Ganse¬ 
voort  street,  on  the  east  by  Washington  street,  and  on  the  west  by  West  street 
and  10th  avenue,  are  hereby  declared  to  be  a  public  market  place,  -and,  subject  to’ 
the  provisions  of  §205  of  the  charter,  shall  be  kept  for  the  exclusive  use  of  farmers 
and  market  gardeners.  (Charter,  §163.) 

§25.  Jefferson  market. 

So  much  of  the  lands  in  the  block  bounded  by  Sixth  avenue,  Greenwich  avenue 
and  West  10th  street,  in  the  borough  of  Manhattan,  as  are  now  used  for  mar¬ 
ket  purposes  shall  be  set  aside  and  apart  for  a  public  market,  and  shall  be  known  as 
Jefferson  market.  (New.) 

§26.  Manhattan  bridge  market. 

The  space  under  the  Manhattan  bridge,  between  Henry  street  and  Madison 
street,  in  the  borough  of  Manhattan,  shall  be  set  aside  for  a  public  market  to  be  known 
as  the  Manhattan  bridge  market.  (Amended  by  ord.  effective  April  24,  1917.) 

§27.  (Repealed  by  ord.  effective  July  20,  1916.) 

§28.  Third  avenue  market. 

All  space  beneath  and  under  the  Third  avenue  bridge  at  129th  street  and  Third 
avenue,  bounded  by  the  interior  walls  under  said  bridge  on  the  east  and  west  from 
the  bulkhead  line  at  the  north,  Third  avenue  and  East  130th  street  on  the  south 
to  the  curb  lines  thereof,  is  hereby  declared  to  be  a  public  market  and  shall  be  set 
aside  for  such  purposes  during  the  pleasure  of  the  board  of  aldermen  subject  to 
such  rules  and  regulations  concerning  fees,  the  hours  of  doing  business  and  the  general 
management  of  said  market  as  may  be  made  by  the  comptroller.  (Ord.  effective  Jan. 
4,  19150 

§29.  Union  square  market. 

So  much  of  the  lands  in  the  borough  of  Manhattan  as  are  bounded  and  described 
as  follows,  to  wit:  Beginning  at  a  point  on  the  northeast  line  of  Union  square; 
running  thence  northerly  and  parallel  with  Fourth  ave.,  about  98  feet  to  the  southerly 
house  line  of  17th  st. ;  thence  westerly  along  the  southerly  house  line  of  17th  st. 
about  218  feet;  thence  southerly  and  parallel  with  Fourth  avenue  about  98  feet  to  the 
northerly  line  of  Union  square ;  and  thence  easterly  along  the  northerly  line  of  Union 
square  about  218  feet  to  the  place  of  beginning,  in  said  borough,  shall  be  set  asidq 
and  apart  for  a  public  market  for  the  sale  of  plants  and  flowers,  and  shall  be  known 
as  the  Union  square  market.  (Ord.  effective  June  17,  1913.) 

§30.  Wallabout  market. 

1.  Farmers’  square.  The  portion  of  Wallabout  market  in  the  borough  of 
Brooklyn,  commonly  known  as  “Farmers’  Square,”  shall  be  kept  for  the  exclusive 
use  of  farmers  and  market  gardeners.  (Charter,  §164.) 

2.  Leases.  The  comptroller  shall  have  and  be  vested  with  all  the  powers  exercised 
by  the  commissioner  of  city  works  of  the  former  city  of  Brooklyn,  and  shall  have 
the  sole  power  to  lease  any  portion  of  the  Wallabout  market  lands  and  renew  exist- 

335 


CHAP.  15,  ARTS.  2 ,  3,  SECS.  31-50. 


ing  leases,  on  such  terms  and  such  rentals  as  may  be  agreed  upon  between  him 
and  the  lessees  or  holders,  subject  to  the  following  provisions  as  to  the  rate  of  rent: 
In  case  the  amount  of  rent  for  any  renewal  term  of  any  lease  be  not  agreed  upon, 
as  aforesaid,  by  the  1st  day  of  January  preceding  the  expiration  of  the  previous 
term,  the  same  shall,  if  either  the  comptroller  or  the  lessee  or  holder  shall  so  elect,  be 
fixed  as  now  provided  by  law,  except  that  the  rent  may,  in  the  discretion  of  the  comp¬ 
troller  be  reduced.  The  rents  for  such  renewal  terms,  whether  agreed  upon  as  above 
provided,  or  fixed  as  now  provided  by  law,  shall  not  be  less  than  an  amount  equal 
to  Yz  of  the  rent  of  the  preceding  term,  nor  exceed  an  amount  equal  to  the  rent  of  the 
preceding  term  and  x/z  thereof  in  addition  thereto.  The  comptroller  may  at  any  time, 
with  the  consent  of  the  lessee  or  holder,  vary  or  modify  any  of  the  provisions  of  any 
lease  of  such  lands.  (Id.) 

3.  Sale  of  liquor.  Distilled  and  rectified  spirits,  wine  and  fermented  and  malt 
liquors,  shall  not  be  sold  or  offered  for  sale  in  Wallabout  market  lands;  and  all 
leases  of  any  portion  of  such  lands  shall  contain  a  provision  restricting  and  pro¬ 
hibiting  the  sale  or  offering  for  sale  of  any  such  spirits,  wine  and  fermented  and 
malt  liquors  on  any  lands  leased  thereby.  (Id.) 

§31.  Washington  market. 

The  lands  contained  in  the  block  bounded  by  Washington  street,  Fulton  street, 
West  street  and  Vesey  street,  in  the  borough  of  Manhattan,  shall  be  set  aside  and 
apart  for  a  public  market,  and  shall  be  known  as  Washington  market.  (New.) 

§32.  West  Washington  market. 

The  lands  in  the  borough  of  Manhattan  bounded  on  the  north  by  Bloomfield 
street  and  the  north  side  of  West  14th  street,  on  the  south  by  the  south  side  of 
Gansevoort  street,  on  the  west  by  13th  avenue,  10th  avenue,  and  marginal  street,  from 
West  13th  street  to  West  14th  street,  and  on  the  east  by  9th  avenue,  are  hereby 
dedicated  to  market  purposes,  and  shall  be  used  and  occupied  as  such,  in  the  manner 
that  may  be  designated  and  prescribed  by  the  commissioners  of  the  sinking  fund, 
who  shall  have  full  power  and  authority  in  respect  thereto.  The  commissioners 
may,  in  their  discretion,  lease  any  of  said  lands  for  such  term  of  yearsj  with  such 
covenant  and  for  such  annual  rentals,  as  in  their  judgment,  shall  be  for  the  best 
interests  of  the  city,  or  continue  the  use  of  the  same  as  a  public  market.  (Amended 
by  ord.  appd.  Oct.  26,  1917.) 

§33.  Willis  avenue  market. 

Repealed  by  ord.  effective  May,  16,  1916. 

ARTICLE  3. 

Farmers  and  Market  Gardeners. 

Section  50.  License  required. 

51.  Market  wagons. 

52.  Removal  of  obstructions. 

§50.  License  required. 

Any  farmer  or  market  gardener,  desiring  to  use  any  public  market,  may  present 
to  the  collector  of  city  revenue  and  superintendent  of  markets  an  affidavit,  stating 
his  name,  residence,  occupation  and  a  general  description  of  the  commodities  which  he 
desires  to  sell  in  such  market,  together  with  a  request  that  a  licensee  be  issued  to  him 
for  market  privileges.  On  the  filing  of  such  affidavit,  and  the  payment  of  a  nominal 
fee  sufficient  to  defray  the  cost  of  issuing  the  license,  the  collector  of  city  revenue  and 
superintendent  of  markets,  if  satisfied  that  the  applicant  is  a  reputable  person,  shall 
issue  to  him  a  license  to  use  such  market  for  a  period  not  to  exceed  1  year.  All 
licenses  issued  under  this  section  shall  be  numbered  and  registered,  in  the  office  of  the 


336 


MARKETS. 


collector  of  city  revenue  and  superintendent  of  markets,  and  there  shall  be  issued 
to  each  license  a  market  tag  or  plate  in  such  form  and  design  as  shall  be  prescribed 
by  the  comptroller,  upon  which  the  number  of  the  license  shall  conspicuously  appear. 
No  unlicensed  farmer  or  market  gardener  shall  be  permitted  to  use  any  public 
market,  and,  while  any  licensed  farmer  or  market  gardener  shall  be  exercising 
market  privileges,  he  shall  at  all  times  cause  to  be  displayed  conspicuously  the  tag 
or  plate  containing  the  number  of  his  license.  (Charter,  §163.) 

§51.  Market  wagons. 

The  owner  of  every  cart  or  other  vehicle,  used  for  the  purpose  of  bringing  meat, 
garden  produce  or  other  thing  to  any  of  the  public  markets  to  be  sold,  shall  cause  his 
name  to  be  painted  in  a  plain  manner  and  on  a  conspicuous  part  of  such  cart  or 
vehicle.  (C.  O.,  §83e.) 

§52.  Removal  of  obstructions. 

All  vehicles,  boxes,  baskets,  market-produce  and  other  articles  and  things  brought 
into  any  market  or  market  place,  or  placed  upon  a  street  or  sidewalk  adjacent  to 
any  market,  shall  be  removed  therefrom  by  the  licensee,  or  other  person  responsible 
for  such  obstruction,  at  the  close  of  market  hours,  or  sooner,  if  required  by  the 
collector  of  city  revenue  and  superintendent  of  markets  or  his  authorized  subordinate. 
(C.  O.,  §83c.) 


337 


CHAPTER  16. 

MUNICIPAL  CIVIL  SERVICE. 

Article  1.  General  provisions. 

2.  Special  provisions. 


ARTICLE  1. 

General  Provisions. 

Section  1.  Officers  and  employees  to  be  residents. 

2.  Vacations. 

3.  Hours  of  service  during  July  and  August. 

§1.  Officers  and  employees  to  be  residents. 

No  person  not  a  citizen  and  an  actual  resident  and  dweller,  in  good  faith,  in  the 
state  of  New  York  shall  be  eligible  to  appointment  or  employment  in  any  of  the  de¬ 
partments,  boards,  bureaus  or  branches  of  the  government  of  the  city,  except  in 
institutions  which  care  for  the  sick  and  infirm.  Any  person  who  now  is  or  who 
shall  become,  after  such  appointment  or  employment,  a  citizen,  resident  or  dweller 
outside  the  state  of  New  York,  shall  thereby  forfeit  his  said  appointment  or  em¬ 
ployment  and  shall  be  removed  therefrom.  The  provisions  of  this  section  shall 
not  apply  to  appointments  or  employments  for  services  or  work  to  be  performed 
for  the  city  outside  the  state  of  New  York;  nor  to  a  temporary  appointment 
or  employment  for  a  specific  service  or  work,  where  peculiar  or  exceptional  qual¬ 
ifications  of  a  scientific,  professional  or  education  character  are  necessary.  Prior 
to  such  temporary  appointment  or  employment,  evidence  in  writing  shall  be  fur¬ 
nished  that  the  services  or  work  to  be  performed  cannot  be  well  done  by  any 
citizen  and  actual  resident  of  the  state  of  New  York  who  is  available,  and  that  the 
non-resident  person  proposed  to  be  appointed  is  generally  recognized  as  one  possessing 
such  exceptional  qualifications  in  a  high  degree.  No  appointment  or  employment 
under  this  section  shall  be  valid  unless  the  consent  of  the  mayor  shall  be  first  obtained 
He  may  require  the  municipal  civil  service  commission  to  pass  upon  the  matter  and 
certify  whether  such  appointment  or  employment  be  necessary,  and,  also,  whether  the 
non-resident  person  proposed  therefor  be  competent  and  necessary,  for  lack  of  a 
citizen  and  actual  resident  of  the  state  of  New  York  who  is  available  for  appoint¬ 
ment.  (Ord.  effective  May  13,  1913;  as  amended  by  ord.  appd.  Dec.  3,  1917.) 

§2.  Vacations. 

1.  Salaried  employees.  The  executive  heads  of  the  various  departments,  and  the 
bureaus  thereof,  of  the  city,  including  the  department  of  education,  shall  grant  a 
vacation  of  not  less  than  2  calendar  weeks  in  each  year  to  every  employee  for  whom 
provision  is  made  for  continuous  or  yearly  service ;  provided,  that  if  any  employee 
has  been  less  than  1  year  in  the  service,  it  shall  be  within  the  discretion  of  the  executive 
head  of  the  department  or  bureau  having  jurisdiction  to  grant  such  vacation.  Vaca¬ 
tions  authorized  by  this  sub-division  may  be  extended  for  such  period  of  time  as  the 
duties,  length  of  service,  and  other  qualifications  of  the  employee  may  warrant.  (Ord. 
effective  June  6,  1914.) 

2.  Per  diem  employees.  A  vacation  shall  be  granted,  during  the  months  of 
June,  July,  August  and  September  of  each  year,  to  each  per  diem  employee  who  has 
been  in  the  service  of  the  city  for  at  least  1  year  prior  to  each  June  1st,  and,  during 
said  year,  has  actually  worked  for  a  period  of  at  least  150  days  in  the  aggregate, 
and  who  shall  waive  all  claims  to  any  rights  or  privileges  under  Chapter  121,  Laws 
of  1913.  Such  vacation  shall  consist  of  1  day  for  each  25  days  ‘that  the  employee 
has  actually  worked  during  the  said  year.  This  subdivision  shall  not  apply  to  per 

338 


MUNICIPAL  CIVIL  SERVICE. 


diem  employees  who  are  engaged  to  furnish  professional  or  expert  services  at  a 
per  diem  rate.  (Id.) 

3.  Time  of  vacation.  The  heads  of  the  various  departments  and  bureaus  may 
fix  the  time  when  vacation  shall  be  given,  except  that  per  diem  employees,  other  than 
those  of  the  board  of  water  supply,  department  of  parks  and  the  department  of  water 
supply,  gas  and  electricity,  shall  be  given  vacations  only  during  the  months  of  June, 
July,  August  and  September.  (Id.) 

4.  Compensation.  For  all  vacations  granted  under  this  section,  ths.  same  compen¬ 
sation  shall  be  allowed  as  if  the  recipient  were  actually  employed.  (Id.,  amended  by 
ord.  effective  July  6,  1915.) 

§3.  Hours  of  service  during  July  and  August. 

Four  hours  upon  any  Saturday  during  the  months  of  July  and  August,  shall 
constitute  a  full  day’s  work  for  all  employees  of  any  department  or  bureau  of  the 
city.  The  head  of  a  department  or  bureau  shall  have  power  to  employ  his  subordinates 
upon  any  legal  holiday,  or  may  employ  them  upon  any  such  Saturday  in  excess  of 
the  legal  day’s  work  above  prescribed,  paying  them  compensation  therefor  at  the 
rate  of  their  usual  wages  or  salaries.  The  provisions  of  this  section  shall  apply  to 
and  include  per  diem  employees,  but  shall  not  apply  to  the  uniformed  forces  of  the 
police  and  fire  departments.  (Ord.  effective  June  24,  1913.) 

ARTICLE  2. 

—  Special  Provisions. 

§10.  Employees  of  fire  or  police  department;  reinstatement. 

Employees  of  the  fire  or  police  department,  not  entitled  to  a  trial  before  dismissal, 
and  who  were  given  an  opportunity  to  explain  charges  before  they  were  removed, 
may  apply  to  the  mayor,  within  1  year  from  the  date  of  the  order  separating  them 
from  the  service,  for  a  further  opportunity  to  explain,  setting  forth  the  reasons  for 
such  action.  The  mayor  may,  in  his  discretion,  grant  the  application.  The  fire  or 
police  commissioner  shall,  thereupon,  afford  a  further  opportunity  to  the  dismissed 
employee,  to  explain  the  charges  filed  against  him,  on  which  the  removal  was  based. 
Thereafter  the  fire  or  police  commissioner  may,  in  his  discretion,  reinstate  the  dis¬ 
missed  employee  or  reaffirm  the  previous  removal ;  but,  prior  to  any  reinstatement 
under  this  section,  the  former  employee  shall  file  a  written  statement  waiving  all 
claim  or  claims  for  back  salary  and  damages  of  any  kind  whatsoever.  (Ord.  effective 
March  4,  1914.) 


339 


CHAPTER  17. 

PARKS,  PARKWAYS  AND  PARK  STREETS. 

*  (Regulations  of  the  Park  Board,  Adopted  November  19,  1914.) 
With  amendments  to  the  close  of  the  year  1917. 

Article  1.  General  provisions. 

2.  Traffic  regulations. 

3.  Building  and  other  projections. 

4.  Miscellaneous. 


ARTICLE  1. 

General  Provisions. 

Section  1.  Definitions. 

2.  Interfering  with  lands  or  improvements  thereon. 

3.  Sub-surface  disturbances. 

4.  Over-head  wires. 

5.  Destruction  of  or  injury  to  park  property. 

6.  Preservation  of  lawns  and  grass  plots. 

7.  Bringing  trees,  plants  and  flowers  into  parks. 

8.  Use  of  roller  skates. 

9.  Rubbish  and  refuse  matter. 

10.  Processions;  drills;  music. 

11.  Public  meetings. 

12.  Sales  or  exhibitions. 

13.  Posting  bills  or  placards ;  distributing  cards,  circulars  or  pamphlets. 

14.  Bathing,  fishing,  boating  and  skating. 

15.  Protection  of  animals,  birds  and  reptiles. 

15a.  Baseball  and  other  games. 

16.  Animals  at  large. 

17.  Disorderly  conduct. 

18. 


§1.  Definitions. 

Unless  otherwise  expressly  stated,  whenever  used  in  this  chapter,  the  following 
terms  shall  respectively  be  deemed  to  mean : 

1.  Commissioner,  or  the  commissioner,  the  park  commissioner  having  jurisdiction 
of  a  particular  park,  or  park-street,  as  hereinafter  defined; 

2.  Park,  any  park,  parkway,  square,  circle,  or  concourse,  or  part,  thereof,  under 
the  jurisdiction  of  the  park  department; 

3.  Park  street,  a  street,  avenue,  boulevard  or  other  highway,  under  the  jurisdic¬ 
tion  of  the  park  department; 

4.  Permit,  a  written  authorization  for  the  exercise  of  a  specified  park  privilege, 
issued  by  the  park  commissioner  having  jurisdiction. 

§2.  Interfering  with  lands  or  improvements  thereon. 

No  person  shall  modify,  alter  or  in  any  manner  interfere  with  the  line  or  grades 
of  any  park  or  park  street,  nor  take  up,  move  or  disturb  any  curb,  gutter  stone,  flag¬ 
ging,  of  any  park  or  park  street,  nor  soil  or  gravel  thereof,  except  by  direction  of  the 
commissioner  or  under  his  permit.  (New.) 

*References  in  foot  notes  are  to  the  park  ordinances  superseded  by  these 
regulations. 


340 


PARKS,  PARKWAYS  AND  PARK  STREETS. 


§3.  Sub=surface  disturbances. 

No  person  shall  open,  expose  or  interfere  with  any  water  or  gas  pipe,  hydrant, 
stopcock,  sewer,  basin  or  other  construction  within  or  upon  any  park  or  park  street, 
nor  make  any  connection  therewith,  except  under  the  authority  of  a  permit,  and 
upon  the  deposit' of  such  sum  of  money  as  may  be  required  by  the  commissioner  to 
insure  the  restoration  of  the  soil,  sod,  plants,  shrubs,  trees,  sidewalks,  pavement,  curb, 
gutter  and  flagging  disturbed  in  the  making  of  such  connection.  (Park  O.,  §22.) 

§4.  Overhead  wires. 

No  person  shall  attach  or  string  any  electric  or  other  wire  or  adjust  or  carry  the 
same  into  or  over  any  park  or  street,  except  under  a  permit.  (Park  O.,  §8.) 

§5.  Destruction  of  or  injury  to  park  property. 

No  person  shall  cut,  break  or  in  any  way  injure  or  deface  any  tree,  shrub,  plant, 
grass,  post,  railing,  chain,  lamp,  lamp-post,  bench,  tree-guard,  building,  structure  or 
other  property  in  or  upon  any  park  or  park  street.  (Park  O.,  §1.) 

§6.  Preservation  of  lawns  and  grass  plots. 

No  person,  unless  he  shall  hold  a  special  permit  therefor,  or  unless  a  special 
permit  therefor  shall  have  been  issued  to  a  group  of  which  he  is  a  member,  shall  go 
upon  any  lawn  or  grassplot  in  any  park  or  parkway  except  when  permission  therefor 
shall  have  been  given  to  the  public  by  the  commissioner.  (Filed  with  City  Clerk  Nov. 
20,  1916.) 

§7.  Bringing  trees,  plants  and  flowers  into  parks. 

No  person  shall  bring  into  or  carry  within  a  park  any  tree,  shrub,  plant  or  flower, 
or  newly  plucked  part  thereof,  without  a  permit.  (Park  O.,  §29.) 

§8.  Use  of  roller  skates. 

No  person  shall  use  roller  skates  upon  any  sidewalk,  bridle  path  or  driveway, 
nor  in  any  building  or  place  of  public  assembly,  except  upon  such  walks  and  during 
such  hours  as  may  be  designated  by  the  commissioner.  (  Park  O.,  adopted  November 
19,  1914.) 

§9.  Rubbish  and  refuse  matter. 

No  person  shall  throw,  cast  or  lay,  or  direct,  suffer  or  permit  any  servant, 
agent,  employee,  or  person  in  his  or  her  charge,  to  throw,  cast  or  lay,  any  ashes, 
offal,  vegetables,  garbage,  dross,  cinders,  shells,  straw,  shavings,  paper,  dirt,  filth, 
or  rubbish  of  any  kind  whatsoever  in  any  park,  or  in  any  lake,  lawn,  path,  walk, 
road  or  drive  thereof,  or  in  any  park-street;  provided  that  in  the  morning  before 
8  o’clock,  or  before  the  first  sweeping  of  the  roadway  of  any  park-street  by  the 
street  cleaners,  dust  from  the  sidewalk  may  be  swept  into  the  gutter,  if  there  piled, 
but  not  otherwise.  (Park  O.,  §§1,  2.) 

§10.  Processions;  drills;  music. 

No  parade,  drill  or  manoeuver  of  any  kind  shall  be  conducted,  nor  shall  any 
person  play  upon  a  musical  instrument  or  display  any  flag,  banner,  target,  sign,  placard 
or  transparency  in  any  park,  nor  shall  any  civic  or  other  procession  form  or  move 
therein,  without  a  permit;  but  no  such  permit  shall  be  necessary  for  the  use  of  the 
parade  ground  in  Van  Gortlandt  park,  borough  of  the  Bronx,  and  the  parade  ground 
adjacent  to  Prospect  Park,  borough  of  Brooklyn,  by  organizations  of  the  National 
Guard  of  the  State  of  New  York.  (Park  O.,  §§5,  28.) 

§11.  Public  meetings. 

No  person  shall  erect  any  structure,  stand  or  platform,  or  hold  any  meeting, 
or  perform  any  ceremony  or  make  a  speech,  address  or  harangue  in  any  park,  without 
a  permit.  (Park  O.,  §§6,  24.) 


341 


CHAP.  17,  ART.  1,  SECS.  12-17. 


§12.  Permits  for  sales,  exhibitions,  etc. 

No  person  shall  exhibit,  sell,  or  offer  for  sale  anything  whatsoever,  or  take  any 
photograph,  or  perform  any  personal  service  for  hire  in  any  park  or  parkway,  or 
in  any  street,  square,  or  public  place  under  the  jurisdiction  of  the  department  of 
parks  except  under  a  permit  from  the  commissioner  of  parks  of  the  borough  in 
which  such  park  or  parkway,  street,  square,  or  public  place  is  situated  or  other¬ 
wise  than  in  accordance  with  the  terms  of  such  permit,  provided,  however,  that  the 
provisions  of  this  section  shall  not  apply  to  public  hack  stands  maintained  in  streets 
adjacent  to  public  parks,  pursuant  to  section  99,  article  8,  chapter  14  of  the  Code  of 
Ordinances.  (Filed  with  City  Clerk,  Oct.  26,  1916.) 

§13.  Posting  bills  or  placards;  distributing  cards,  circulars  or  pamphlets. 

No  person  shall  post  any  bill,  placard,  notice  or  other  paper  upon  any  structure, 
tree,  rock,  article  or  thing  within  any  park  or  upon  any  park  street,  nor  paint  nor 
affix  thereon,  in  any  other  way,  any  advertisement,  notice  or  exhortation,  except 
under  a  permit  and  in  strict  conformity  therewith.  No  person  shall  distribute,  hand 
out  or  cast  about  any  card,  circular,  pamphlet  or  other  printed  matter  within  any 
park  or  upon  any  park  street.  (Park  O.,  §4.) 

§14.  Bathing,  fishing,  boating  and  skating. 

No  person  shall  bathe  in,  nor  disturb  in  any  way  the  fish  in,  the  waters  or  foun¬ 
tains  of  any  park,  nor  cast  any  substance  therein;  except,  that  in  the  waters  adjacent 
to  Pelham  Bay  Park  bathing  and  fishing  shall  be  permitted,  subject  to  the  rules  and 
regulations  prescribed  by  the  commissioner.  Fishing  may  also  be  allowed  in  the  lakes 
of  Prospect  Park  and  Kissena  Park,  under  permits.  No  person  shall  be  permitted  to 
appear  in  bathing  costume  in  any  park  or  parkway,  except  on  the  beaches  in  Pelham 
Bay,  Seaside,  Dreamland,  Jacob  Riis  and  Rockaway  Parks.  No  boat  or  vessel  shall 
be  placed  upon  any  of  the  waters  of  any  park,  except  by  special  permit.  No  skating 
or  sledding  shall  be  allowed  on  any  park  lakes,  unless  and  until  the  ice  is  declared  to 
be  in  a  suitable  condition  by  the  commissioner.  (Filed  with  City  Clerk  Aug.  19,  1917.) 

§15.  Protection  of  animals,  birds  and  reptiles. 

No  person  shall  hunt,  chase,  shoot,  trap,  discharge  or  throw  missiles  at,  or  molest 
or  disturb  in  any  way,  any  animal,  bird  or  reptile  in  any  park.  (Park  O.,  §10.) 

§15a.  Baseball  and  other  games. 

No  person  shall  throw,  cast,  catch,  kick  or  strike  with  any  implement  whatever 
any  baseball,  gold  ball,  football,  basket  ball,  bean  bag,  or  other  object  in  or  upon  any 
park  or  parkway,  or  any  square,  circle,  concourse,  playground,  street,  avenue  boule¬ 
vard  or  other  highway  under  the  jurisdiction  of  the  park  depatment,  or  on  any  recre¬ 
ation  pier,  without  a  permit  therefor  issued  by  the  commissioner  or  his  supervisor  of 
recreation  nor  otherwise  than  in  accordance  with  the  terms  of  such  permit.  (Filed 
with  the  City  Clerk  Nov.  20,  1916.) 

§16.  Animals  at  large. 

No  horse  or  other  animal  shall  be  allowed  to  go  at  large  in  any  park  or  upon 
any  park  street,  except  dogs  that  are  restrained  by  a  chain  or  leash  not  exceeding  6 
feet  in  length.  (Park  O.,  §9.) 

§17.  Disorderly  conduct. 

No  person  shall  in  any  park, 

1.  Use  threatening,  abusive  or  insulting  language; 

2.  Do  any  obscene  or  indecent  act; 

3.  Throw  stones  or  other  missiles; 

4.  Beg  or  publicly  solicit  subscriptions  or  contributions; 

5.  Tell  fortunes; 


342 


PARKS ,  PARKWAYS  AND  PARK  STREETS. 


6.  Play  games  of  chance,  or  use  or  operate  any  gaming  table  or  instrument; 

7.  Climb  upon  any  wall,  fence,  shelter,  seat,  statue  or  other  erection; 

8.  Fire  or  carry  any  firearm,  firecracker,  torpedo  or  fireworks ; 

9.  Make  a  fire; 

10.  Enter  or  leave  except  at  the  established  entrance-ways ; 

11.  Enter  any  park  for  the  purpose  of  loitering  and  remaining  therein  after  12 
o’clock  at  night,  except  as,  on  special  occasions,  the  occupation  and  use  thereof  may 
be  authorized  beyond  the  regular  hours. 

12.  Do  any  act  tending  to  a  breach  of  the  public  peace; 

13.  Bring  into  any  park  a  beverage  containing  alcohol,  except  for  delivery  to  a 
restaurant  therein,  duly  licensed  by  the  state  excise  department,  with  the  permission 
of  the  commissioner  of  parks  having  jurisdiction,  or  consume  publicly,  except  within 
the  premises  of  a  restaurant  duly  licensed  as  aforesaid,  any  beverage  containing  al¬ 
cohol.  (Amended  by  the  Park  Board  July  27,  1916.) 

All  persons  doing  any  act  injurious  to  a  park  shall  be  removed  therefrom  by 
the  park  keepers  or  by  the  police.  When  necessary  to  the  protection  of  life  or  prop¬ 
erty,  the  officers  and  keepers  of  the  park  may  remove  all  persons  from  any  designated 
part  thereof.  (Park  O.,  §§7,  11,  13,  24,  25.) 


§18. 

No  parent,  guardian  or  custodian  of  a  minor  shall  permit  or  allow  such  minor 
to  do  any  act  prohibited  by  any  provision  of  this  chapter*.  (Filed  with  the  City  Clerk 
Oct.  14,  1916.) 

ARTICLE  2. 


Section  30. 

31. 

32. 

33. 

34. 

35. 

36. 

37. 

38. 

39. 

40. 

41. 

42. 

43. 


Traffic  Regulations. 

Use  of  drives  and  bridle  paths. 

Vehicles  obstructing  assemblies. 

Towing  vehicles. 

Restrictions  on  certain  vehicles. 

Public  hacks,  cabs  and  automobiles. 

Carriers  of  offensive  refuse  or  heavy  materials. 

Smoky  motor  vehicles. 

Park  streets. 

Harlem  river  parkway. 

Ocean  boulevard,  Bay  parkway,  Eastern  parkway  and  the  Brooklyn- 
Queens  speedway. 

Eastchester  bay  shore  road. 

Bicyclists. 

Coney  Island  cycle  paths. 

Instruction  in  driving  motor  vehicles  or  bicycles. 


§30.  Use  of  drives  and  bridle  paths. 

In  all  parks  and  parkways  the  drives  shall  be  used  only  by  persons  in  pleasure 
vehicles,  on  bicycles  or  on  horseback;  the  bridle  paths  only  by  persons  on  horseback. 
Animals  to  be  used  on  either  shall  be  well  broken,  and  constantly  held  in  such  control 
that  they  may  be  easily  and  quickly  turned  or  stopped.  No  person  shall  operate,  drive 
or  propel,  and  no  owner  thereof  riding  thereon  or  therein  shall  cause  or  permit  to  be 
operated,  driven  or  propelled,  on  any  park  drive,  parkway  or  park  street,  any  bicycle, 
tricycle,  velocipede,  motor-cycle,  motor-tricycle,  motor  delivery  wagon,  or  motor 
vehicle,  however  propelled,  or  any  vehicle  drawn  by  horses  or  other  animals,  reck¬ 
lessly  or  negligently,  or  at  a  speed  or  in  a  manner  so  as  to  endanger,  or  to  be  likely 
to  endanger,  the  life  or  limb  of  property  of  any  person.  A  rate  of  speed  exceeding 
15  miles  per  hour  shall  constitute  prima  facie  evidence  of  a  prohibited  rate  of  speed 


343 


CHAP.  17,  ART.  2,  SECS.  31-35. 


and  manner  of  driving,  and  a  violation  of  the  provisions  of  this  section ;  a  rate  of 
speed  exceeding  20  miles  per  hour  shall  constitute  a  prohibited  rate  of  speed  and 
manner  of  driving,  and  a  violation  of  the  provisions  of  this  section;  and  a  rate  of 
speed  exceeding  25  miles  per  hour,  on  parkways  in  the  outlying  sections  of  the  parks 
of  the  boroughs  of  The  Bronx,  Richmond  and  Queens,  shall  constitute  a  prohibited 
rate  of  speed  and  manner  of  driving,  and  a  violation  of  the  provisions  of  this  section. 
When  an-  officer  on  duty  shall  direct,  by  gesture  or  otherwise,  that  the  speed  of  an 
animal  or  vehicle  shall  be  checked,  or  that  it  shall  be  stopped,  or  its  course  altered, 
such  direction  shall  be  immediately  obeyed.  No  horse  or  other  beast  of  burden,  nor 
any  automobile,  shall  be  driven  or  suffered  to  stand  anywhere  except  on  the  drive 
or  bridle  path.  On  all  driveways  and  parkways  where  grass  plots  divide  the  way,  all 
vehicles  and  horsemen  must  keep  to  the  right-hand  drive  or  bridle  path.  (Ord., 
effective  June  20,  1916.) 

§31.  Vehicles  obstructing  assemblies. 

No  owner  or  operator  of  a  motor-cycle,  automobile  or  horse  drawn  vehicle  shall 
stop  near  any  of  the  music  stands  or  other  places,  in  or  about  a  park,  parkway,  plaza, 
concourse,  circle  or  square,  where  any  considerable  number  of  persons  are  accus¬ 
tomed  to  congregate,  or  where  such  motor-cycles,  automobiles  or  vehicles  would  be 
a  source  of  danger  to  life  and  limb,  except  by  permission  of  the  commissioner. 
(Park  O.,  §20;  amended  by  ord.  approved  Aug.  8,  1916.) 

§32.  Towing  vehicles. 

No  vehicle  of  any  kind,  in  tow  of  another  vehicle  or  machine,  shall  be  allowed 
to  enter  any  park  or  to  proceed  along  any  parkway,  but,  in  case  of  break-downs  within 
a  park  or  parkway,  the  disabled  vehicle  may  be  towed  to  the  nearest  point  of  exit. 
(Park  O.,  §35.) 

§33.  Restrictions  on  certain  vehicles. 

1.  Hearses.  No  hearse,  or  other  vehicle  or  person  carrying  the  body  of  a  dead 
person,  shall  enter  or  be  allowed  in  any  part  of  a  park,  except  by  permit.  (Park 
O.,  §28.) 

2.  Public  carriers.  No  public  omnibus  or  express  wagon,  and  no  wagon,  cart 
or  other  vehicle,  carrying  or  ordinarily  used  to  carry  merchandise,  goods,  tools  or 
rubbish  shall  enter  such  public  parks,  parkways,  squares  or  places,  except  upon 
traffic  roads  provided  for  the  purpose,  without  a  permit.  (Park  O'.,  §27.) 

3.  Fire  apparatus.  No  fire  engine,  or  other  apparatus  on  wheels  for  extinguish¬ 
ing  fire  shall  enter  or  be  allowed  upon  any  part  of  a  park,  except  the  transverse  and 
traffic  roads.  (Park  O.,  §19.) 

§34.  Public  hacks,  cabs  and  automobiles. 

1.  Special  permits.  No  automobile,  stage  or  other  vehicle  shall  be  allowed  to 
carry  passengers  for  hire  over  or  upon  any  park  or  parkway,  except  upon  traffic 
roads;  without  a  permit.  (Park  O.,  §19.) 

2.  Awaiting  fares.  No  vehicle  for  hire  shall  stand  within  a  park,  parkway  or 

park  street  for  the  purpose  of  taking  up  passengers,  other  than  those  whom  it  has 

brought  in,  without  a  permit.  (Park  O.,  §27.) 

3.  Soliciting  passengers.  All  drivers  or  attendants  of  vehicles  for  hire,  standing 

upon  or  within  any  park,  parkway  or  park-street,  shall  remain  in  close  proximity  to 

their  vehicles  while  so  standing,  and  no  person  shall  in  any  way  solicit  a  passenger 

for  any  vehicle  for  hire  in  any  park,  parkway  or  park  street.  (Park  O.,  §30.) 

§35.  Carriers  of  offensive  refuse  or  heavy  materials. 

No  garbage,  ashes,  manure  or  other  offensive  material  shall  be  carried  over  any 
parkway  or  through  any  park,  except  upon  traffic  roads  set  apart  for  the  purpose. 


344 


PARKS,  PARKWAYS  AND  PARK  STREETS. 


When  such  refuse  is  to  be  removed  from  residences  fronting  on  any  park  or  park 
street,  the  vehicle  collecting  the  same  must  leave  the  park  or  street  as  soon  as  the 
collection  has  been  accomplished,  and  within  the  time  prescribed  by  the  commissioner. 
No  earth,  sand  or  broken  stone  shall  be  carried  over  any  parkway  except  on  traffic 
roads,  without  a  permit.  (Park  O.,  §21.) 

§36.  Smoky  motor  vehicles. 

No  person  shall  be  permitted  to  run  a  motor  vehicle  which  emits  offensive  quan¬ 
tities  of  smoke,  gas  or  disagreeable  odors  from  its  exhaust  or  muffler,  in  a  park 
or  park  street.  (Park  O.,  §33.) 

§37.  Park  streets. 

1.  General.  No  animal  or  vehicle  shall  be  permitted  to  stand,  nor  shall  any 
incumbrance  of  any  kind  be  allowed  to  remain  upon  any  street  adjacent  to  or  bound¬ 
ing  upon  any  park,  without  a  permit ;  except  that  vehicles  may  be  permitted  to  take  up 
and  set  down  passengers,  and  to  load  and  unload  merchandise  in  the  usual  manner, 
and  may  occupy  the  street  a  reasonable  time  for  the  purpose;  provided,  however, 
that  they  shall  not,  while  so  doing,  unnecessarily  incumber  the  street  or  obstruct 
travel  therein.  (Park  O.,  §12.) 

2.  Special.  The  delivery  of  supplies  to  the  residences  on  Riverside  drive  and 
M'orningside  Avenue  West,  in  Manhattan,  and  the  Shore  road  in  Brooklyn,  will  be 
permitted  in  the  forenoon,  but  no  business  vehicles  shall  enter  upon  or  pass  over 
said  parkways  after  the  hour  of  noon,  except  by  special  permit.  In  passing  over 
any  of  said  streets,  business  vehicles  must  go  directly  to  the  place  of  delivery  and 
must  leave  such  street  without  unnecessary  delay,  and  by  the  shortest  route — the 
place  of  entry,  if  possible.  The  park  streets  specified  in  this  subdivision  must  not  be 
used  to  enable  business  vehicles  to  reach  places  exterior  to  such  streets.  (Ord.  effect¬ 
ive  June  20,  1916.) 

§38.  Harlem  river  driveway. 

1.  Speedway  restricted.  The  use  of  the  Speedway  is  restricted  to  horse-drawn 
pleasure  vehicles  and  to  light  vehicles  of  the  classes  known  as  buggies,  runabouts, 
surreys  and  other  like  vehicles  adapted  to  the  speeding  of  light  harness  horses,  seating 
not  more  than  4  persons  and  drawn  by  1  or  2  horses,  except  by  permit.  Exercising 
carts  may  be  used  until  1  p.  m.  only. 

2.  Speeding,  on  Sundays  and  holidays,  and  after  3  o’clock  p.  m.  on  other  days, 
will  be  permitted  in  one  direction — from  north  to  south  only. 

3.  Ordinary  travel.  When  not  speeding,  drivers  must  keep  closely  to  the  right 
hand  side  of  the  road  and  keep  moving. 

4.  Turning  forbidden  except  at  the  ends  of  the  driveway  and  at  the  bridges. 

5.  Loud  shouting,  to  make  horses  break  or  urge  them  on,  is  strictly  prohibited. 

6.  Hobbles.  The  use  of  hobbles,  or  other  similar  device  or  apparatus  to  fetter 
or  connect  the  legs  of  horses,  for  the  purpose  of  restricting  or  hampering  their  motion 
or  gait,  is  forbidden. 

7.  Crossing  roadway.  Pedestrians  must  not  cross  on  the  Speedway;  subways 
are  provided  for  that  purpose.  (Park  O'.,  adopted  March  14,  1904.) 

§39.  Ocean  boulevard,  Bay  parkway,  Eastern  parkway  and  the  Brooklyn- 
Queens  speedway. 

1.  Business  vehicles.  Wagons,  trucks,  and  other  business  vehicles,  heavy  or 
light,  are  prohibited  from  using  the  main  drive  of  the  Ocean  Parkway,  and  from 
using  Bay  parkway,  between  80th  street  and  Gravesend  bay,  and  must  use  the  west 
road  at  all  times,  and  they  must  use  the  block  pavement,  at  either  side  of  the  main 
road  or  the  traffic  roads  of  the  Eastern  parkway. 

345 


CHAP.  17,  ART.  2,  SECS.  40-43. 


It  shall  be  unlawful  to  drive  any  vehicle  over  the  easterly  road  or  bridle  road  of 
the  Ocean  parkway,  between  Prospect  park  and  the  Coney  Island  concourse,  except 
as  it  may  be  necessary  to  cart  or  convey  supplies  to  the  residences  along  said  easterly 
side  road,  or  in  case  of  buildings  being  erected  fronting  on  said  side  road,  when  it 
shall  be  lawful  to  cart  building  materials  thereon.  In  all  cases,  however,  vehicles 
must  enter  said  road  from  the  street  nearest  to  said  residence  or  house  in  course  of 
construction,  and  must  leave  the  same  at  the  next  following  intersecting  street.  (Ord. 
effective  June  20,  1916.) 

2.  Automobile.  Automobiles  will  not  be  permitted  on  the  Speedway,  between 
Bay  parkway  and  Kings’  highway,  on  Wednesday  afternoons  between  1  and  6  p.  m. 
During  these  hours,  on  Wednesdays,  automobiles  must  take  the  west  road.  Vehicles 
of  all  other  kinds,  except  those  for  light  harness  driving,  shall  be  excluded  from  the 
Speedway  during  the  hours  herein  specified.  (Id.) 

3.  Speeding.  Light  harness  driving  on  the  Speedway  (Ocean  parkway,  between 
Bay  parkway  and  King’s  highway)  shall  not  be  restricted  as  to  speed,  on  Wednesdays, 
between  the  hours  of  1  and  6  p.  m. ;  speeding,  however,  is  only  to  be  permitted  from 
Bay  parkway  toward  Coney  Island,  and  drivers  shall  be  compelled  to  observe  the  rules 
of  the  road.  (Id.) 

§40.  Eastchester  bay  shore  road. 

No  person  shall  operate  an  automobile  on  that  part  of  the  Eastchester  bay  shore 
road,  beginning  at  the  northerly  approach  to  the  bridge  over  Eastchester  bay  at  its 
junction  with  the  Eastchester  boulevard,  and  running  thence  easterly  and  then  north¬ 
erly,  following  a  winding  course,  approximately  parallel  to  the  shore  line  of  East¬ 
chester  bay  for  a  distance  of  approximately  4,450  feet  to  a  point  on  the  City  Island 
road,  125  feet  west  of  Glover’s  rock,  nor  upon  that  portion  of  the  shore  road  known 
familiarly  as  the  Orchard  Beach  shore  road,  beginning  at  a  point  on  the  City  Island 
road  435  feet  east  of  Glover’s  rock,  running  thence  in  a  winding  course  approxi¬ 
mately  parallel  to  the  shore  line  of  Pelham  bay,  through  the  camp  reservation  at 
Orchard  beach,  and  for  a  distance  approximately  4,800  feet  to  the  City  Island  road, 
where  it  joins  the  westerly  approach  to  the  City  Island  bridge.  (Added  by  ord. 
approved  Aug.  8,  1916.) 

§41.  Bicyclists. 

No  person  shall  ride  a  bicycle  upon  the  foot-paths  in  any  park  or  parkway. 
Bicyclists  walking  upon  a  foot-path  may  push  their  wheels  along  the  path,  but  in  no 
case  shall  the  machine  be  taken  upon  the  turf.  (Park  O.,  §13.) 

§42.  Coney  Island  cycle  paths. 

1.  Restriction.  Horses,  wagons,  carriages,  automobiles  and  pedestrians  must  not 
use  bicycle  paths. 

2.  Going  and  returning.  Cyclists  and  motor-cyclists  must  use  the  west  path  when 
going  toward  Coney  Island,  and  the  east  path  in  returning. 

3.  Speed  limit.  Cyclists  and  motor-cyclists  must  not  exceed  a  speed  of  18  miles 
an  hour  on  the  bicycle  paths.  Racing  on  the  bicycle  paths  is  prohibited,  except  by 
special  permission  of  the  commissioner.  (Park  O.,  adopted  March  14,  1904.) 

§43.  Instruction  in  driving  motor  vehicles  or  bicycles. 

Instruction  in  operating  automobiles,  motor-cycles,  bicycles,  tricycles,  velocipedes 
or  other  vehicles  of  propulsion,  is  prohibited  in  parks  and  parkways  at  all  times.  (Park 
O.,  adopted  March  14,  1904.) 


346 


PARKS PARKWAYS  AND  PARK  STREETS. 


ARTICLE  3. 

Building  and  Other  Projections. 


Section  60. 
61. 
62. 

63. 

64. 


General  provisions. 

Fifth  avenue,  Manhattan. 

Riverside  drive. 

Ocean  Parkway. 

Restricted  areas  on  Ocean  parkway,  Eastern  parkway  and  Plaza 
street. 


§60.  General  Provisions. 

1.  Jurisdiction.  Each  commissioner  may  grant  permits  for  the  erection  and 
maintenance  of  projections  on  any  park  or  parkway,  within  his  jurisdiction,  and  on 
all  streets  and  avenues  within  a  distance  of  350  feet  from  the  outer  boundaries  thereof, 
upon  such  terms  and  conditions  and  upon  the  making  of  such  compensation  to  the 
city  as  in  his  discretion  he  may  determine,  with  respect  to  the  particular  locality.  (Park 
O.,  adopted  March  14,  1904.) 

2.  Correction  of  defects.  Where  permits  have  heretofore  been  granted,  upon 
the  making  of  compensation  and  a  new  permit  is  desired  to  correct  any  irregularity, 
defect  or  supposed  want  of  jurisdiction  in  the  granting  of  such  permit,  a  new  permit 
may  be  granted  without  further  compensation.  (Id.) 

3.  Curb  and  surface  construction.  Each  commissioner  may  determine  the  line 
of  curb  and  the  surface  constructions  of  all  streets  and  avenues,  lying  within  any 
park  or  parkway,  in  his  jurisdiction,  or  within  a  distance  of  350  feet  from  the  outer 
boundaries  therof,  as  he  may  deem  advisable,  according  to  the  particular  locality,  and 
best  calculated  to  maintain  the  beauty  and  utility  of  such  park  or  parkway.  (Id.) 

4.  House  projections.  Repealed  by  ord.  effective  Dec.  28,  1915. 


§61.  Fifth  avenue,  Manhattan. 

Repealed  by  ord.  effective  Dec.  28,  1915. 


§62.  Riverside  drive. 

Repealed  by  ord.  effective  Dec.  28,  1915. 


§63.  Ocean  Parkway. 

All  applications  for  projections  of  verandas,  porches,  piazzas,  porticos,  etc., 
beyond  the  30  foot  restriction  line  of  Ocean  Parkway,  shall  be  accompanied  by  blue¬ 
prints  of  plan  of  proposed  projection,  drawn  to  a  scale  of  %  of  an  inch  to  the  foot, 
showing  restriction  line,  lot  lines,  plan  and  section,  or  plan  and  elevation  of  projection. 
The  projection  shall  not  exceed  15  feet  beyond  the  restriction  line  at  any  point,  and 
shall  be  of  open  construction,  with  roof  supported  by  columns  or  piers.  (Ord.,  effective 
June  20,  1916.) 

§64.  Restricted  areas  on  Ocean  parkway,  Eastern  parkway  and  Plaza  stneet. 

The  restricted  areas  on  these  parkways  shall  be  reserved  strictly  for  the  purposes 
set  forth  in  the  respective  laws  governing  same  and  shall  not  be  used  temporarily  or 
permanently  for  any  of  the  following  purposes  :  advertising  signs,  contractors’  tool 
houses  or  shanties,  disposal  of  garbage,  refuse,  rubbish  or  other  waste  materials, 
dumping  ground  for  filling  material,  garage  buildings,  news-stands,  gasoline  stations, 
moving  picture  houses  or  purveying  stands.  No  use  or  occupancy  of  any  nature  what¬ 
soever  shall  be  made  of  these  restricted  areas  without  a  permit  having  been  previously 
secured  from  the  commissioner  of  parks  having  jurisdiction.  (Filed  with  City  Clerk 
Oct.  23,  1917.) 


347 


CHAP.  17,  ART.  4 ,  SECS'.  70-72. 


ARTICLE  4. 

Miscellaneous. 

Section  70.  Trees  and  shrubs  in  streets. 

71.  New  York  botanical  garden. 

72.  (Repealed  by  ord.  approved  Aug.  8,  1916.) 

§70.  Trees  and  shrubs  in  streets. 

1.  Planting.  No  shade  or  ornamental  tree,  or  shrub,  shall  be  planted  in  any 
street  until  a  permit  therefor  has  been  granted.  No  hole  or  excavation  shall  be  pre¬ 
pared  for  planting  any  tree  or  shrub,  unless  sufficient  mould  of  satisfactory  quality 
shall  be  used,  and  the  conditions,  such  as  the  absence  of  poisonous  gas  and  deleterious 
substances,  have  been  made  satisfactory.  (Park  O.,  adopted  March  14,  1904.) 

2.  Cutting .  breaking  or  disturbing.  No  stem,  branch,  or  leaf  of  any  such  tree 
or  shrub  shall  be  cut,  broken  or  otherwise  disturbed,  nor  shall  the  root  of  any  such 
tree  or  shrub  be  disturbed  or  interfered  with  in  any  way,  by  any  individual  or  any 
officer  or  employee  of  a  public  or  private  corporation,  until  a  permit  shall  have  been 
issued  therefor.  The  surface  of  the  ground  within  3  feet  of  any  such  tree  or  shrub, 
shall  not  be  cultivated,  fertilized,  paved,  or  given  any  treatment  whatever,  except  under 
a  permit.  (Id.) 

3.  Misuse.  No  person  shall  cut,  deface,  mutilate  or  in  any  way  misuse  any  such 
tree  or  shrub,  nor  shall  any  horse  or  other  animal  be  permitted  to  stand  in  a  manner 
or  position  where  it  may  cut,  deface  or  mutilate  the  same.  No  building  material,  or 
other  material  or  debris  of  any  kind,  shall  be  piled  or  maintained  against  any  tree 
or  shrub.  No  guy  rope,  cable  or  other  contrivance  shall  be  attached  to  any  tree  or 
shrub,  nor  shall  any  tree  or  shrub  be  used  in  connection  with  anv  banner,  trans¬ 
parency.  or  any  business  purpose  whatever,  except  under  a  permit.  (Id.) 

§71.  New  York  botanical  garden. 

All  provisions  of  this  chapter,  respecting  the  government  of  parks,  shall  be 
applicable  to  the  New  York  botanical  garden;  provided,  that  in  any  case  in  which  the 
commissioner  is  authorized  to  issue  a  oermit  for  the  exercise  of  a  park  privilege,  the 
permit,  if  authorizing  the  exercise  of  such  a  privilege  in  the  New  York  botanical 
garden  shall  be  recommended  or  approved  by  the  director  in  chief  of  the  garden.  (Id.) 

§72.  Violations. 

(Repealed  by  ord.  approved  Aug.  8,  1916.) 

NEWSSTANDS— BOROUGHS  OF  MANHATTAN  AND  RICHMOND. 

Resolved,  That  there  be  added  to  the  park  ordinances,  as  regulations  for  news¬ 
stands  in  the  boroughs  of  Manhattan  and  Richmond,  the  following: 

Newsstands  in  the  boroughs  of  Manhattan  and  Richmond  shall  be  operated  in 
accordance  with  the  following  rules  and  regulations : 

1.  All  newsstands  shall  be  painted  green,  of  a  shade  prescribed  by  the  chief 
engineers,  boroughs  of  Manhattan  and  Richmond.  No  stand  shall  bear  any  lettering 
not  approved  by  said  chief  engineer. 

2.  The  sale  of  all  charts,  circulars,  leaflets,  envelopes,  etc.,  purporting  to  give 
information  as  to  the  condition  of  race  horses,  their  past  performances,  and  the 
probabilities  of  their  winning  at  future  racing  events  is  prohibited.  The  violation  of 
ths  provision  shall  be  cause  for  the  forfeiture  of  the  park  department’s  license. 

3.  Holders  of  newsstands  permits  paying  a  license  fee  of  less  than  $200  a  year 
must  personally  attend  their  stands  during  two-thirds  of  the  time  of  each  day  when 
such  stands  are  transacting  business. 

4.  All  persons  employed  by  permit  holders  as  helpers  in  the  sale  of  newspapers 
must  take  out  park  department  licenses  for  the  sale  of  newspapers  from  the  arm. 


348 


PARKS,  PARKWAYS  AND  PARK  STREETS. 


The  employment  as  a  helper  in  the  sale  of  newspapers  of  a  person  unsatisfactory  to 
the  department  shall  be  sufficient  cause  for  the  revocation  of  a  permit. 

5.  No  newsstand  adjoining  a  grass  plot  shall  exceed  in  height  the  ordinary  pipe 
rail  fence  of  the  department  of  parks,  against  which  such  stand  is  placed.  All  news¬ 
stands  adjoining  grass  plots  shall  have  their  top  covers  fully  removable.  On  such 
newsstands  there  shall  be  no  display  either  above  the  level  of  the  pipe  rail  fence  or  to 
the  left  or  right  of  the  stand  adjoining  the  grass  plot.  Violations  of  this  order  will 
result  in  the  cancellation  of  that  portion  of  the  permit  allowing  the  sale  of  periodicals, 
and  will  restrict  the  offender  in  the  future  to  the  sale  of  daily  publications  only. 
No  newsstands  adjoining  a  grass  plot  shall  exceed  six  feet  in  length. 

6.  Newsstands  on  park  walks  not  adjoining  grass  plots  shall  not  exceed  ten  feet 
in  length,  nor  shall  any  such  stand  have  a  total  width  of  more  than  three  feet.  In 
cases  where  the  distance  between  the  rear  of  such  stands  and  the  nearest  curb  line  is 
less  than  ten  feet,  such  stands  shall  not  exceed  two  feet  in  width. 

7.  Stands  not  adjoining  grass  plots  shall  not  exceed  seven  feet  in  height. 

8.  Electricity  shall  be  the  only  means  for  night  illumination  of  newsstands. 
The  use  of  any  other  illuminating  material  is  cause  for  a  revocation  of  the  permit. 

9.  When  newsstands  on  park  department  territory  adjoin  car  tracks  no  part  of 
such  stand  parallel  to,  but  not  immediately  adjoining,  a  protective  railing  shall  ex¬ 
ceed  five  feet  in  height.  When  such  stand  adjoins  a  protective  railing  no  part  of  such 
stand,  adjoining  such  railing,  shall  extend  beyond  the  furtherest  point  of  such  pro¬ 
tective  railing.  No  part  of  any  stand  adjoining  such  protective  railing  shall  be  more 
than  four  and  a  half  feet  in  height. 

10.  All  licensees  for  the  sale  of  newspapers  shall  keep  the  park  walks  in 
the  vicinity  of  the  territory  assigned  to  them,  which  shall  include  a  radius  of  fifteen 
feet  beyond  each  position  for  the  sale  of  newspapers  from  the  arm,  and  within  a 
radius  of  twenty-five  feet  from  the  position  assigned  to  newsstands,  free  from  rub¬ 
bish  and  litter  of  all  kinds.  Failure  to  comply  with  this  condition  will  result,  first, 
in  a  suspension  of  the  privilege,  and  on  the  second  offense  in  its  cancellation. 

(Adopted  by  the  Park  Board  July  19,  1917;  filed  with  the  City  Clerk  July  25, 
1917.) 

CAMP  SITES— BOROUGH  OF  THE  BRONX. 

Resolved,  That  the  park  board  approve  and  adopt,  as  ordinance,  rules  and  regu¬ 
lations  of  the  department  of  parks,  applying  to  camp  sites  in  The  Bronx,  the  follow¬ 
ing  regulations  promulgated  by  the  commissioner  of  parks  for  the  borough  of  The 
Bronx : 

Camp  Permits. 

Camp  permits  ,are  not  saleable  or  transferable,  except  with  the  consent  of  the 
commissioner  or  his  authorized  representative,  and  may  be  revoked  by  the  commis¬ 
sioner  of  parks  for  the  borough  of  The  Bronx,  for  sufficient  cause. 

Tents. 

Tents  must  be  of  canvas,  not  larger  than  15  by  35  feet,  clean  and  neat  in  appear¬ 
ance,  and  approved  by  the  commissioner  or  his  authorized  representative.  Portable 
houses,  or  soiled,  grimy  or  unsightly  tents  will  not  be  permitted  on  the  camp  grounds. 

Tents  are  to  be  erected  in  a  line  5  feet  in  the  rear  of  camp  stakes,  and  so  as  to 
leave  a  clear  space  of  7  feet  6  inches  on  each  side. 

Rules. 

The  so-called  family  camp  site  is  intended  for  the  exclusive  use  of  families,  and 
in  all  cases  where  it  is  found  that  the  sites  are  being  used  otherwise  or  are  being 
used  only  by  men,  the  permits  in  such  case  will  be  revoked  and  the  site  ordered 
vacated. 


349 


CHAP.  17,  ART.  4,  SEC.  72. 


Boisterous  or  disorderly  conduct  is  prohibited,  under  penalty  of  cancellation  of 
permit  forthwith  and  forfeiture  of  fees  paid.  A  like  penalty  is  attached  to  failure 
or  refusal  to  obey  the  camp  rules  and  regulations,  or  the  proper  orders  of  the  fore¬ 
men  in  charge. 

Tents  and  sites  must  be  thoroughly  cleaned  every  morning  and  evening,  the  tent 
walls  raised  and  the  interiors  aired  and  exposed  to  the  sunlight. 

That  part  of  a  tent  used  in  the  preparation  of  food  should  be  well  screened  and 
kept  thoroughly  clean,  and  all  food  carefully  covered  and  protected  from  flies. 

All  refuse  and  sweepings  to  be  placed  in  receptacles  provided  for  such  purpose; 
slop  receptacles  must  be  kept  covered. 

Dogs,  cats  or  other  animals  will  not  be  allowed  within  camp  limits,  except  by 
special  permission  in  writing. 

Park  benches  must  not  be  placed  in  tents. 

Signs  of  all  kinds  (camp  names  and  numbers  excepted)  are  forbidden. 

When  leaving  the  camp  site  at  the  end  of  each  season,  each  camper  should  see 
that  his  site  is  left  in  proper  condition,  as  required  by  the  rules  of  the  department, 
that  the  site  is  inspected  by  the  foreman,  or  his  representative,  and  that  a  certificate 
of  approval  is  issued  to  him  by  the  foreman. 

The  contents  of  the  commodes  used  in  the  tents  through  the  night  must  be  dis¬ 
posed  of  not  later  than  eight  o’clock  each  morning. 

The  rules  of  the  department  strictly  prohibit  persons  going  to  and  from  the  bath¬ 
ing  beach,  or  elsewhere,  simply  in  bathing  suits.  Some  suitable  covering  must  be 
worn  over  them. 

The  water  taps  in  front  of  and  near  the  camp  sites  are  to  be  used  only  for  ob¬ 
taining  water,  and  no  one  shall  be  allowed  to  wash  any  portion  of  his  person,  or  any¬ 
thing,  at  these  taps. 

In  the  event  of  sickness,  notify  person  in  charge  of  camp  at  once. 

All  orders  and  directions  issuing  from  the  department  of  health  must  be  promptly 
and  fully  complied  with. 

Men’s  Camp  Sites. 

The  same  general  rules  apply  to  the  men’s  camp  sites  as  to  the  family  camp  sites ; 
and,  in  addition,  the  department  forbids  women  to  visit  or  enter  the  c&mps  set  apart 
for  the  exclusive  use  of  men. 

(Adopted  by  the  Park  Board  Aug.  3,  1916;  filed  with  the  City  Clerk  Aug.  8, 
1916.) 


350 


CHAPTER  18. 

POLICE. 

Article  1.  Boiler  inspection. 

2.  Uniformed  force. 

ARTICLE  1. 

Boiler  Inspection. 

Section  1.  Regulation  of  minor  steam  vessels. 

§1.  Regulation  of  minor  steam  vessels. 

All  boilers  in  vessels  now  used  on  the  water  in  and  around  the  city,  not  coming 
under  the  jurisdiction  of  the  United  States  government,  shall  be  under  the  jurisdiction 
of  the  police  department,  which  is  hereby  authorized  and  empowered  to  test  said 
boilers,  and  examine  the  persons  operating  the  same  as  to  their  qualifications  as 
engineers  and  firemen.  Such  tests  of  boilers,  and  the  examination  of  persons  operat¬ 
ing  the  same,  shall  be  conducted  in  accordance  with  such  provisions  of  the  charter  and 
laws  of  the  State  of  New  York  as  are  applicable  to  boilers  operated  on  land.  (C.  O., 
§563.) 

ARTICLE  2. 

Uniformed  Force. 


351 


CHAPTER  19. 
RAILROADS. 


Article  1.  Elevated  railroads. 

2.  Street  railroads. 

3.  Trunk  line  railroads. 


ARTICLE  1. 

^Elevated  Railroads. 

Section  1.  Protection  of  streets  below  structures. 

2.  Receptacles  for  expectorations. 

3.  Violations. 

§1.  Protection  of  streets  below  structures. 

No  officer,  agent  or  employee  of  any  elevated  railroad  shall  permit  any  oil.  grease, 
water,  coals,  scraps  of  iron,  tools,  or  other  liquid  or  solid  substances,  to  fall  or  be 

dropped  or  be  thrown  from  any  engine,  car,  track,  depot,  structure,  or  other  part  or 

portion  of  an  elevated  railroad,  into  or  upon  any  street  or  public  place.  (§78,  Man¬ 
hattan  ords.) 

§2.  Receptacles  for  expectorations. 

All  elevated  railroad  companies  or  other  companies  operating  elevated  railroads 
in  the  city  shall,  within  2  months  from  the  date  of  the  passage  of  this  ordinance, 
provide  proper  receptacles  for  expectorations  on  all  the  elevated  railroad  stations 
and  properly  keep  and  maintain  same,  and  that  for  a  violation  of  this  section  each 
elevated  railroad  company  or  other  company  operating  such  railroads  shall  be  liable 
to  a  penalty  of  not  less  than  $10  for  each  day  of  such  violation,  and  the  action  to 

recover  such  penalty  shall  be  brought  in  the  name  of  the  city  of  New  York. 

§3.  Violations. 

Any  person  being  the  president,  superintendent,  or  a  director  or  other  officer,  or 
employee  of  an  elevated  railroad  company  who  shall  violate  any  provision  of  this 
article,  excepting  §2  thereof,  shall,  upon  conviction  therefor,  be  punished  by  a  fine 
of  not  more  than  $50,  or  by  imprisonment  for  not  exceeding  30  days,  or  by  both 
such  fine  and  imprisonment.  (§79  Manhattan  ords.;  amended  by  ord.  approved  Aug. 
8,  1916.) 

ARTICLE  2. 

Street  Railroads. 

Section  10.  Head-lights. 

11.  Licenses. 

12.  Transfers. 

§10.  Headlights. 

Each  railroad  company,  whose  cars  are  propelled  or  driven  within  the  limits  of 
the  borough  of  Manhattan,  shall  provide  every  passenger  car,  baggage  car,  freight  car 
or  other  vehicle,  operated  by  said  company  upon  their  tracks  or  track  of  other  com¬ 
panies  used  by  them,  with  a  good  light  or  lantern,  which  shall  be  placed  in  a  con¬ 
spicuous  position  on  the  front  of  the  car,  between  sunset  and  sunrise  of  each  day. 
Any  such  company  which  shall  refuse  or  neglect  to  conform  to  the  provisions  of  this 
section  shall  be  subject  to  a  penalty  of  $100  for  each  and  every  trip,  or  part  of  a 
trip,  made  by  a  car  that  is  not  provided  with  the  required  light.  (§§59,  60,  Manhattan 
ords.) 

♦Amended  by  ord.  approved  Aug.  8,  1916. 

352 


RAILROADS. 


§11.  Licenses. 

1.  Manhattan.  For  each  passenger  railroad  car  running  in  the  borough  of  Man¬ 
hattan,  there  shall  be  paid  into  the  city  treasury  the  sum  of  $50  annually  for  a  license; 
except  the  1-horse  passenger  cars,  and  the  cars  of  the  Ninth  Avenue  Railroad  Com¬ 
pany,  which  shall  each  pay  the  sum  of  $25  annually  for  said  license  as  aforesaid,  and 
except  such  as  pay  the  sum  of  3  per  cent,  or  over  on  their  gross  receipts,  or  where 
the  franchise  has  been  sold  at  public  sale  to  the  highest  bidder.  (§§56,  57,  Manhattan 
ords.) 

2.  Brooklyn.  The  amount  to  be  paid  to  the  city  by  the  railroad  companies  in 

the  borough  of  Brooklyn,  for  the  privilege  of  running  their  cars,  shall  be  calculated 

on  the  average  number  of  cars  running  annually  on  each  route  respectively,  excluding 
the  extra  cars  run  on  holidays.  (§59,  Brooklyn  ords.) 

3.  Long  Island  City.  For  every  street  or  surface  car,  operated  within  the  limits 

of  that  section  of  the  city  formerly  known  as  Long  Island  City,  there  shall  be  paid 

to  the  comptroller  a  license  fee  of  $15.  (§49,  Long  Island  City  ords.) 

§12.  Transfers. 

Every  car  owned,  operated,  managed  or  controlled  by  a  street  surface  railroad 
company  in  the  streets  or  highways  of  the  city  shall  carry  throughout  its  route 
on  the  outside,  in  front  and  on  top  of  each  and  every  car  so  operated,  a  sign-board 
or  placard,  upon  which  shall  appear  conspicuously  the  destination  of  the  said  car. 
Every  such  company  shall  carry  for  a  single  fare  upon  such  car,  without  change 
therefrom,  each  and  every  passenger  to  any  regular  stopping  place  desired  by  him, 
upon  said  car’s  route,  in  the  direction  of  the  destination  so  designated;  and  for 
every  violation  of  this  section  the  company  so  offending  shall  be  liable  to  a  penalty 
in  the  sum  of  $100;  but  this  section  shall  not  apply  toi  a  transfer  made  to  a  connect¬ 
ing  line  going  in  a  different  direction  from  that  in  which  such  car  may  be  going, 
nor  where  by  reason  of  any  accident  compliance  with  this  section  is  rendered  impos¬ 
sible.  (§§63,  64,  Manhattan  ords.;  amended  by  ord.  approved  Aug.  3,  1916.) 


ARTICLE  3. 


Section  30. 

31. 

32. 

33. 

34. 


Trunk=line  Railroads. 

Park  avenue  tunnel ;  Manhattan. 
Long  Island  railroad. 

Grade  crossings. 

Obstruction  of  streets. 

Violations. 


§30.  Park  avenue  tunnel;  Manhattan. 

No  railroad  company  or  companies  using  any  tunnel  in  Park  avenue,  in  the 
borough  of  Manhattan,  nor  any  manager,  employee  or  servant  of  such  company  shall 
permit  bituminous  coal  smoke  to  escape  from  any  locomotive  while  in  or  running 
through  said  tunnel.  §70,  Manhattan  ords.) 

§31.  Long  Island  railroad. 

No  freight  or  passenger  car  detached  from  an  engine  of  the  Long  Island  railroad 
company  shall  remain  longer  than  10  minutes  in  any  public  street.  Bituminous  coal 
shall  not  be  used  on  any  engine  running  upon  said  railroad.  Whenever  platforms  are 
placed  in  the  streets  for  accommodation  of  passengers,  the  said  company  shall  at  its 
own  expense  keep  the  entire  street  between  the  platform  and  the  curb  in  a  cleanly  and 
passable  condition  This  shall  be  construed  to  apply  to  each  station  and  each  platform 
wherever  erected  by  said  company  within  the  city.  (§70,  Brooklyn  ords.;  amended  by 
ord.  effective  Feb.  9,  1915.) 


353 


CHAP.  19,  ART.  3,  SECS.  32-34. 


§32.  Grade  crossings. 

1.  The  Bronx.  Every  person,  company  or  corporation,  operating  or  controlling 
any  railroad  in  the  borough  of  The  Bronx,  upon  which  cars  are  drawn  by  locomotive 
engines,  other  than  those  known  as  “dummies,”  shall  erect  and  maintain  suitable  and 
substantial  gates  or  doors  on  either  side  of  said  railroad,  at  every  point  in  said 
borough  at  which  its  road  or  tracks  cross  any  public  street,  at  the  grade  thereof.  Such 
gates  or  doors  shall  be  kept  well  painted  and  in  good  repair,  and  shall  be  attended  at 
all  times  during  the  approach  and  passage  of  cars  or  trains  by  sober,  careful  and 
experienced  men,  whose  duty  it  shall  be  to  keep  the  tracks  clear  of  all  horses,  cattle 
and  vehicles,  to  warn  all  the  persons  against  crossing  said  tracks  during  the  approach 
of  any  train,  locomotive  or  car,  and  to  close  said  gates  or  doors  at  least  1  minute 
before  the  passage  of  any  locomotive,  engine  or  car  over  said  public  street  No  person, 
company  or  corporation,  operating  or  controlling  any  railroad  in  the  borough  of  The 
Bronx,  shall  run  or  allow  to  be  run  any  locomotive  or  locomotive  tender  without  cars 
across  any  public  street  in  said  borough,  unless  the  gates  or  doors  at  such  crossing 
are  closed  or  down.  (§§67,  68,  Manhattan  ords.) 

2.  Brooklyn.  At  each  street  crossing,  between  Linwood  street  and  Flatbush 
avenue,  in  the  Borough  of  Brooklyn,  men  shall  be  constantly  stationed,  at  all  hours 
of  the  night  and  day  when  trains  are  in  motion,  and  all  crosswalks  between  such 
street  crossings  shall  be  properly  guarded  by  strong,  heavy  gates  at  least  20  feet  in 
width,  at  each  street  crossing,  which  shall  be  closed  before  the  passage  of  any  engine 
or  train.  (§70,  Brooklyn  ords.) 

3.  Disregard  of  closed  gates.  No  person  shall  attempt  to  cross  the  tracks  of  any 
railroad  at  any  street  crossing,  while  the  gates  for  the  protection  of  such  crossings  arq 
closed,  or  being  closed,  and  the  police  shall  arrest  any  person  so  offending.  (§29, 
Brooklyn  ords.) 

§33.  Obstruction  of  streets. 

No  train  of  cars,  nor  any  part  thereof,  including  the  locomotive  and  tender,  shall 
remain  or  be  left  across  or  upon  any  street  or  sidewalk,  so  as  to  obstruct  or  prevent 
free  travel  along  the  same  for  a  longer  period  than  5  minutes,  during  any  period  or 
during  any  hour,  unless  the  same  shall  be  unavoidable.  (§15,  Arverne  ords.;  §67, 
Manhattan  ords.;  §6a,  Rockaway  Beach  ords.;  §9,  Far  Rockaway  ords.;  §1,  Edgewater, 
ords.) 

§34.  Violations. 

Any  railroad,  or  the  manager  or  any  agent  or  employee  thereof,  who  shall  violate 
any  provision  of  this  article,  or  who  shall  permit  the  same  to  be  violated  shall  be  liable 
to  a  penalty  of  $100.  Any  person  who  shall  violate  the  provisions  of  subdivision  3  of 
§32  of  this  article,  shall,  upon  conviction  thereof,  be  punished  as  provided  in  §10  of 
chapter  27  of  this  ordinance-  (§§66,  76,  Manhattan  ords.) 


354 


CHAPTER  20. 

THE  SANITARY  CODE. 


( Revised  and  amended  by  the  Board  of  Health  December  31,  1914,  and  filed  zvith 
the  City  Clerk,  April  9,  1915,  under  §1172  of  the  Charter,  zmth  amendments  to  the 
close  of  the  year  1917.) 


Article  1. 
2. 

3. 

4. 

5. 

6. 

7. 

8. 
9. 

10. 

11. 

12. 

13. 

14. 

15. 

16. 

17. 

18. 


Definitions. 

Animals. 

Births,  marriages  and  deaths. 

Buildings. 

Cold  storage. 

Medical  examiners. 

Diseases. 

Drugs  and  medicines. 

Food  and  drink. 

General  provisions. 

Midwifery  and  care  of  children. 
Miscellaneous  provisions. 

Offensive  materials. 

Plumbing,  drainage,  ventilation  and  sewage. 
Passenger  cars. 

Street  conditions. 

Trades,  occupations  and  businesses. 

Vessels  and  seamen. 


ARTICLE  1. 

Definitions. 

§1.  Definitions. 

Unless  otherwise  expressly  stated,  wherever  used  in  the  sanitary  code,  the  follow¬ 
ing  terms  shall  be  taken  to  mean  and  include : 

1.  Ashes.  Cinders,  coal,  and  every  other  substance  which  is  left  unconsumed  by 
fire  in  stoves,  furnaces,  ranges,  fire-pots,  fireplaces,  and  other  such  places.  (S.  C.,  §2.) 

2.  Bakeries.  All  buildings,  rooms,  or  places  used  or  occupied  for  the  purpose  of 
making,  preparing,  or  baking  bread,  biscuits,  pastry,  cake,  doughnuts,  crullers,  noodles, 
macaroni,  or  spaghetti,  to  be  sold  or  consumed  on  or  off  the  premises,  except  kitchens 
in  hotels,  restaurants,  boarding-houses,  or  private  residences,  wherein  such  products 
are  prepared  to  be  used  and  are  used  exclusively  on  the  premises.  (New.) 

3.  Board  and  said  board.  The  board  of  health  of  the  department  of  health  of 
the  city  of  New  York.  (S.  C.,  §1.) 

4.  Boarding-house.  Every  building  and  part  thereof  other  than  a  hotel,  inn,  or 
lodging-house,  wherein  meals  or  lodging,  or  both,  may  be  obtained  for  hire  (cus¬ 
tomarily  by  the  week).  (S.  C.,  §3.) 

5.  Butcher.  Whoever  is  engaged  in  the  business  of  keeping,  driving,  or  slaughter¬ 
ing  cattle,  or  in  selling  any  meat.  (S.  C.,  §7.) 

6.  Cattle.  All  animals,  except  birds,  fowl,  and  fish,  of  which  any  part  of  the 
body  is  used  as  food.  (S.  C.,  §7.) 

7.  Cellar.  Every  basement  or  lower  story  of  any  building  or  house,  of  which 
said  basement  or  lower  story  one-half  or  more  of  the  height  from  the  floor  to  the 
ceiling  is  below  the  level  of  the  street  adjoining,  or  the  surface  of  the  adjacent  yard, 
court,  or  ground.  (S.  C,  §3.) 

8.  Department.  The  department  of  health  of  the  city  of  New  York.  (S.  C,  §1.) 

355 


CHAP.  20,  ART.  1 ,  SEC.  1. 


9.  Dirt.  Natural  soil,  earth,  gravel,  sand,  and  loose  pieces  of  broken  stone.  (S. 
C,  §2.) 

10.  Factory  and  manufactory.  Any  mill,  workshop,  or  other  manufacturing  or 
business  establishment,  and  all  buildings,  shops,  and  structures,  or  other  places  used 
therefor  or  in  connection  therewith,  where  one  or  more  persons  are  employed  at  labor. 
(S.  C,  §3.) 

11.  Fish.  Every  part  of  any  animal  that  lives  in  water  or  the  flesh  of  which  is 
not  meat.  (S.  C.,  §6.) 

12.  Food.  All  substances,  except  drugs,  used  or  intended  to  be  used  for  human 
consumption,  including  meat,  fish,  vegetables,  drink,  confections,  and  condiments, 
whether  simple,  mixed,  or  compound.  (New.) 

13.  Garbage.  Swill  and  every  accumulation  of  both  animal  and  vegetable  matter, 
liquid  or  otherwise,  that  attends  the  preparation,  decay,  and  dealing  in,  or  storage  of, 
meats,  fish,  fowls,  birds,  or  vegetables.  (S.  C.,  §2.) 

14.  Infectious  disease.  All  diseases  of  a  communicable,  contagious,  or  pestilen¬ 
tial  nature.  (S.  C.,  §5.) 

15.  Light  or  lighted.  Natural,  external  light.  (S.  C.,  §1.) 

16.  Lodging-house.  Any  house  or  building  or  portion  thereof,  in  which  persons 
are  harbored,  or  received,  or  lodged,  for  hire  for  a  single  night,  or  for  less  than  a 
week  at  one  time,  or  any  part  of  which  is  let  for  any  person  to  sleep  in,  for  any  term 
less  than  a  week.  (S.  C,  §3.) 

17.  Meat.  Every  part  of  any  land  animal,  and  eggs  (whether  mixed  or  not  with 
any  other  substance.)  (S.  C,  §6.) 

18.  Permit.  The  permission  in  writing  of  the  board  of  health,  issued  according 
to  the  provisions  of  this  code,  of  any  statute,  or  of  the  regulations  of  the  board  of 
health.  (S.  C,  §1.) 

19.  Person.  Every  individual,  corporation,  firm,  and  joint  stock  association.  (S. 
G,  §1.) 

20.  Physician.  Every  person  who  holds  himself  out  as  being  able  to  diagnose, 
treat,  operate,  or  prescribe  for  any  human  disease,  pain,  injury,  deformity,  or  physical 
condition,  and  who  shall  either  offer  or  undertake  by  any  means  or  method,  ta 
diagnose,  treat,  operate,  or  prescribe  for  any  human  disease,  pain,  injury,  deformity,  or 
physical  condition.  (S.  G,  §5.) 

21.  Private  market.  Every  store,  cellar,  stand,  and  place  (not  being  a  part  of  a 
public  market),  at  or  in  which  meat,  fish,  or  vegetables  is  or  are  bought,  sold,  or 
kept  for  sale.  (S.  G,  §7.) 

22.  Public  laundry.  Any  place  where  articles  are  laundered  for  the  general  public 
for  hire.  (New.) 

23.  Public  place.  Every  street  (as  hereinafter  defined),  park,  pier,  dock  and 
wharf,  and  every  open  space  therewith  connected;  all  waters  within  the  jurisdiction 
of  the  city  of  New  York;  every  public  yard,  ground,  and  area;  every  space  open 
to  the  public  between  a  building  and  the  street,  between  buildings,  and  between 
streets  ;  all  places  of  public  assemblage,  including  every  place  of  public  worship,  amuse¬ 
ment,  entertainment,  or  instruction,  and  every  place  where  an  appreciable  number  of 
persons  gather  for  any  purpose  whatever,  and  every  public  room  or  space  connected 
with,  and  every  means  of  entrance  to  or  exit  from,  any  of  the  said  places;  all  places 
and  premises  where  goods,  wares,  and  merchandise  are  sold  or  offered  for  sale,  in¬ 
cluding  all  public  rooms  or  places  therewith  connected;  every  railroad  car,  and  every 
other  public  vehicle;  every  railroad  depot,  station,  and  platform,  and  every  public 
room  or  space  connected  therewith,  and  every  stairway  and  other  means  of  entrance 
thereto  or  exit  therefrom ;  every  ferryboat  and  ferry-house,  and  every  public  room  or 
space  connected  with,  and  every  means  of  entrance  to  or  exit  from,  such  ferry-house. 
(S.  G,  §2.) 


356 


SANITARY  CODE. 


24.  Refuse.  Waste  material  other  than  rubbish,  ashes,  or  garbage,  that  attends 
use  or  decay  and  accumulation  from  the  occupancy  of  buildings  or  premises.  (New.) 

25.  Report •  A  report  in  writing,  signed  by  the  person  who  makes  the  same  and 
indicating  his  official  position,  if  any  such  position  be  held.  (S.  C.,  §1.) 

26.  Rubbish.  Solid  waste  material,  accumulating  or  resulting  from  the  use  or 
occupancy  of  buildings  or  premises,  such  as  paper,  straw,  excelsior,  rags,  bottles,  old 
clothes,  old  shoes,  tin  cans,  and  other  materials  of  a  similar  character.  (S.  C.,  §2.) 

27.  Saloon.  Every  portion  of  any  building  in  which  the  business  of  selling  meals, 
liquors,  drinks,  or  refreshments  of  any  kind,  shall  be  conducted,  including  “concert 
saloons.”  (S.  C.,  §4.) 

28.  Stable.  Every  building  or  portion  thereof  in  which  any  horse,  cattle,  or  other 
animal  shall  be  kept. 

29.  Streets.  Avenues,  public  highways,  sidewalks,  gutters,  and  public  alleys,  lanes, 
and  paths.  (S.  C.,  §2.) 

30.  Theatre.  The  building,  room,  and  place,  where  any  play,  concert,  opera, 
circus,  trick  or  jugglery  show,  gymnastic  or  other  exhibition,  masquerade,  public  dance, 
or  other  public  gathering,  drill,  lecture,  address,  or  other  form  of  public  entertain¬ 
ment,  amusement,  or  instruction  are,  is,  or  may  be,  held,  given,  furnished,  performed, 
or  takes  place,  and  every  public  room  or  space  connected  with,  and  every  means  of 
entrance  to  or  exit  from,  any  such  place.  (S.  C.,  §4.) 

31.  Vegetable.  Every  article  used  for  human  consumption  as  food,  other  than 
meat,  fish,  or  milk.  (S.  C.,  §6.) 

32.  Day  nursery.  A  place  where  more  than  three  children  are  received,  kept,  and 
cared  for  during  the  day  time.  (As  amended  by  the  Board  of  Health  June  30,  1915.) 

ARTICLE  2. 

Animals. 

Glanders,  farcy,  and  other  contagious  diseases ;  duty  of  veterinary 
surgeon  to  report. 

Glanders,  farcy,  and  other  contagious  diseases;  animals  suffering 
therefrom  not  to  be  retained  or  exposed;  destruction  authorized. 
Animals  suffering  from  or  exposed  to  contagious  diseases  not  to  be 
brought  into  or  kept  in  city. 

Animal  injured  or  diseased  beyond  recovery  and  abandoned,  to  be 
destroyed. 

Animals  injured  or  diseased  past  recovery,  dead,  or  affected  with  an 
infectious  or  contagious  disease  to  be  reported  and  removed. 
Dead,  sick,  or  injured  animals;  interference  by  unauthorized  persons 
prohibited. 

Dead,  sick,  or  injured  animals;  conditions  dangerous  to  life  or  detri¬ 
mental  to  health  prohibited. 

Dead  horses ;  to  be  tagged  before  placing  in  street. 

Rabid  and  vicious  animals,  department  of  health  to  be  notified;  de¬ 
struction  authorized;  removal  regulated. 

Horses,  cattle,  swine,  sheep,  geese,  and  goats ;  not  to  be  kept  or 
yarded  without  a  permit. 

Keeping  of  cows  regulated. 

Tuberculin  test  of  cows ;  certificate. 

Cattle ;  adequate  ventilation,  proper  food  and  water,  to  be  provided. 
Cattle ;  method  of  transporting  in  vehicles  restricted. 

Shelter  for  homeless  animals ;  site  to  be  approved ;  conduct  thereof 
regulated. 


Section  2. 

3. 

4. 

5. 

6. 

7. 

8. 

9. 

10. 

11. 

12. 

13. 

14. 

15. 

16. 


357 


CHAP.  20,  ART.  2,  SECS.  2-6. 


Section  17.  Unmuzzled  dogs;  not  permitted  in  any  public  place. 

18.  Sale  of  small  animals  regulated. 

19.  Live  chickens,  geese,  ducks,  and  other  fowls ;  the  keeping,  killing  and 

sale  regulated. 

20.  Keeping  of  live  pigeons  regulated. 

21.  Horses  to  be  tested  for  glanders. 

§2.  Glanders,  farcy,  and  other  contagious  diseases;  duty  of  veterinary  surgeon 
to  report. 

Every  veterinary  surgeon  who  shall  examine  or  professionally  attend  any  animal 
in  the  city  of  New  York  affected  with  glanders,  or  farcy,  or  any  other  contagious 
disease,  shall,  immediately  upon  the  discovery  of  such  veterinary  surgeon  that  such 
animal  is  thus  affected,  report  in  writing  to  the  department  of  health  the  location  of 
such  diseased  animal,  the  name  and  address  of  the  owner  thereof,  and  the  type  and 
character  of  the  disease.  (S.  C,  §127.) 

§3.  Glanders,  farcy,  and  other  contagious  diseases;  animals  suffering  there¬ 
from  not  to  be  retained  or  exposed;  destruction  authorized. 

No  person  shall  keep  or  retain,  or  cause  or  allow  to  be  kept  or  retained,  at  any 
place  in  the  city  of  New  York,  any  animal  affected  with  glanders  or  farcy,  or  any 
other- contagious  disease,  but  shall,  immediately  upon  his  or  her  discovery  that  such 
animal  is  thus  affected,  report  the  fact  and  the  location  of  such  animal  to  the  de¬ 
partment  of  health. 

The  sanitary  superintendent,  an  assistant  sanitary  superintendent,  or  the  director 
of  the  bureau  of  infectious  diseases,  of  the  department  of  health,  shall  cause  every 
such  animal  to  be  promptly  isolated  or  killed,  and,  if  killed,  the  body  thereof  to  be 
promptly  removed  and  disposed  of,  in  such  manner  as  he  shall  designate.  (S.  C.,  §125.) 

§4.  Animals  suffering  from  or  exposed  to  contagious  diseases  not  to  be  brought 
into  or  kept  in  city. 

No  cattle,  swine,  sheep,  horses,  dogs,  or  cats,  which  are  affected  with  or  have  been 
exposed  to  any  disease  which  is  contagious  among  such  animals,  shall  be  brought  into 
or  kept  in  the  city  of  New  York.  (S.  C.,  §124.) 

§5.  Animal  injured  or  diseased  beyond  recovery  and  abandoned,  to  be  de¬ 
stroyed. 

Any  animal,  in  any  street  or  public  place  within  or  adjacent  to  the  built-up  portion 
of  the  city  of  New  York,  appearing,  in  the  opinion  of  any  officer  or  inspector  of  the 
department  of  health  (and  that  of  two  citizens,  requested  by  such  officer  or  inspector 
to  view,  in  his  presence,  the  said  animal),  to  be  so  injured  or  diseased  as  to  preclude 
the  possibility  of  such  animal  thereafter  serving  in  any  useful  purpose,  and  not  being 
properly  cared  for,  may,  if  not  removed  within  one  hour  after  being  found  in  such 
condition  by  the  said  officer  or  inspector,  be  destroyed  by  or  according  to  the  direction 
of  the  said  officer  or  inspector.  (S.  C.,  §129.) 

§6.  Animals  injured  or  diseased  past  recovery,  dead,  or  affected  with  an 
infectious  or  contagious  disease  to  be  reported  and  removed. 

Any  person  owning  or  having  in  his  charge  or  under  his  control  an  animal  injured 
or  diseased  past  recovery,  or  dead,  and  not  killed  for  or  proper  for  use  as  food, 
or  affected  with  an  infectious  or  contagious  disease,  in  the  city  of  New  York,  shall, 
immediately  upon  discovery  or  learning  such  fact,  notify  the  department  of  health 
thereof,  and  shall,  under  the  direction  of  the  sanitary  superintendent,  an  assistant 
sanitary  superintendent,  or  the  director  of  the  bureau  of  infectious  diseases  of  the 
department  of  health,  or  an  officer  of  the  police  department,  remove  or  cause  the  re¬ 
moval  of  such  animal  to  such  place  as  such  official  shall  designate.  (S.  C.,  §130.) 

358 


SANITARY  CODE. 


§7.  Dead,  sick,  or  injured  animals;  interference  by  unauthorized  persons  pro= 
hibited. 

No  person  other  than  a  police  officer  or  an  inspector  or  officer  of  the  department 
of  health,  or  other  person  authorized  by  law  so  to  do,  shall,  in  any  way  interfere  with 
any  dead,  sick,  or  injured  animal  in  any  street  or  public  place  in  the  city  of  New  York, 
except  that  the  owner  or  person  having  control  of  such  animal  may  terminate  its  life 
in  the  presence  and  by  the  consent  of  any  such  officer,  inspector,  or  person.  (S.  C., 
§131.) 

§8.  Dead,  sick,  or  injured  animals;  conditions  dangerous  to  life  or  detrimental 
to  health  prohibited. 

No  person  shall  leave  in  or  throw  into  any  street  or  public  place,  or  public  water, 
in  the  city  of  New  York,  or  offensively  expose  or  bury,  anywhere  in  the  said  city,  the 
body  (or  any  part  thereof)  of  any  dead,  sick,  or  injured  animal;  nor  shall  any  person 
keep  any  dead  animal  or  any  offensive  meat,  bird,  fowl,  or  fish,  in  a  place  where  the 
same  may  be  dangerous  to  the  life  or  detrimental  to  the  health  of  any  person.  (S.  C., 
§128.) 

§9.  Dead  horses;  to  be  tagged  before  placing  in  street. 

All  dead  horses,  before  being  placed  in  the  street,  must  bear  a  tag  giving  the  name 
and  address  of  the  owner  thereof  and  the  stable  from  which  the  horse  is  removed. 
(S.  C.,  §126.) 

§10.  Rabid  and  vicious  animals;  department  of  health  to  be  notified;  destruc« 
tion  authorized;  removal  regulated. 

Every  animal  that  has  rabies  or  that  shows  symptoms  of  rabies,  and  every  animal 
that  has  been  bitten  by  another  animal  affected  with  rabies,  or  has  been  otherwise 
exposed  to  such  disease,  shall,  by  the  person  owning  the  same  or  having  possession 
thereof,  be  at  once  confined  in  some  secure  place,  for  such  length  of  time  as  may 
be  necessary  for  the  purpose  of  determining  whether  such  disease  exists  or  showing 
that  such  exposure  has  not  given  such  animal  said  disease,  and  of  avoiding  all  danger 
to  life  or  health,  and  such  person  shall  also,  immediately  upon  discovering  or 
learning  any  of  the  aforesaid  facts,  notify  the  department  of  health  thereof,  and 
of  the  p’ace  where  such  animal  is  confined.  Every  animal  which  is  mad  or  has 
rabies  shall  at  once  be  killed  by  the  owner  or  person  having  possession  thereof,  or  by 
the  department  of  health,  and  the  body  of  any  animal  that  has  died  of  such  disease, 
or  being  suspected  of  such  disease  has  been  killed,  shall  be  at  once  surrendered  to  the 
department  of  health  for  disposition. 

Should  a  dog  bite  any  person,  it  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  owner,  or  person  having 
the  same  in  his  possession  or  under  his  control,  to  immediately  notify  said  department 
thereof,  and  surrender  said  dog  to  said  department  for  inspection  and  observation ; 
and  such  dog  shall  be  returned  to  the  person  from  whom  the  same  shall  have  been 
received  if  found  not  rabid  or  vicious,  and,  if  found  to  be  rabid  or  vicious  to  such  an 
extent  as  to  be  unsafe  to  be  at  large,  it  shall  be  destroyed  by  said  department. 

When  the  police  or  other  person  or  authorities  destroy  a  dog  for  any  of  the 
causes  herein  mentioned,  it  shall  be  his  or  their  duty  to  immediately  notify  the  depart¬ 
ment  of  health  thereof  and  of  the  location  of  its  body,  so  that  the  said  body  may 
be  obtained  by  the  said  department;  and  it  shall  be  unlawful  to  remove  any  dog  or 
animal  to  which  the  provisions  of  this  section  apply,  or  the  body  of  any  such  dog  of 
animal,  except  as  herein  provided.  (S.  C.,  §132.) 

§11.  Horses,  cattle,  swine,  sheep,  geese,  and  goats;  not  to  be  kept  or  yarded 
without  a  permit. 

No  horses  shall  be  yarded  and  no  cattle,  swine,  sheep,  geese,  or  goats,  shall  be 
kept  or  yarded  within  or  adjacent  to  the  built-up  portions  of  the  city  of  New  York, 
without  a  permit  issued  therefor  by  the  board  of  health.  (S.  C.,  §73.) 

359 


CHAP.  20,  ART.  2,  SECS.  12-19, 


§12.  Keeping  of  cows  regulated. 

No  cows  shall  be  kept  in  the  city  of  New  York  without  a  permit  issued  therefor 
by  the  board  of  health  or  otherwise  than  in  accordance  with  the  terms  of  the  said 
permit  and  with  the  regulations  of  said  board.  (S.  C.,  §72.) 

§13.  Tuberculin  test  of  cows;  certificate. 

No  milch  cow  or  cow  intended  for  any  purpose  other  than  slaughter,  shall  be 
admitted  to  the  city  of  New  York  unless  accompanied  by  a  certificate  stating  that 
the  said  cow  is  free  from  tuberculosis,  so  far  as  may  be  ascertained  by  physical  exami¬ 
nation  and  the  application  of  the  tuberculin  test.  Said  certificate  shall  contain  a 
physical  description  of  the  cow  sufficiently  accurate  for  the  purpose  of  identification, 
and  must  be  signed  by  a  legally  licensed  veterinarian,  who  shall  state  the  date  and 
place  of  his  registration.  The  certificate  shall  also  bear  a  number  which  must  corre¬ 
spond  with  a  tag  that  shall  have  been  securely  attached  to  and  be  on  the  ear  of  the 
cow.  The  certificate  shall  also  contain  the  date  of  the  examination,  which  examina¬ 
tion  shall  have  been  made  not  more  than  60  days  prior  to  the  time  the  cow  indi¬ 
cated  therein  is  brought  into  the  city;  it  must  also  contain  the  place  of  examina¬ 
tion,  the  temperature  of  the  cow  for  10  hours  prior  to  the  injection  of  tuberculin, 
the  name,  quality  and  character  of  the  preparation  of  tuberculin  used,  the  location 
of  the  injection,  the  quantity  injected,  and  the  temperatures  from  the  eighth  to  the 
twentieth  hours  after  the  injection,  or  until  the  reaction  is  completed.  (S.  C.,  §124; 
amended  May  25,  1915,  and  June  28,  1916.) 

§14.  Cattle;  adequate  ventilation,  proper  food  and  water  to  be  provided. 

No  cattle  shall  be  kept  in  any  place,  in  the  city  of  New  York,  where  the  ventilation 
is  not  adequate,  and  the  water  and  food  are  not  of  such  quality  and  in  such  condition  as 
to  properly  preserve  their  health,  condition,  and  wholesomeness  for  food.  (S.  C.,  §71.) 

§15.  Cattle;  method  of  transporting  in  vehicles  restricted. 

No  cattle  shall  be  placed  or  carried  while  bound  or  tied  by  the  legs,  or  bound 
down  by  the  neck,  in  any  vehicle  in  the  city  of  New  York,  but  shall  be  allowed  to 
freely  stand  in  such  vehicle  when  transported  and  while  being  therein.  (S.  C.  §77.) 

§16.  Shelter  for  homeless  animals;  site  to  be  approved;  conduct  thereof  regu¬ 
lated. 

No  shelter  for  homeless  animals  shall  hereafter  be  opened  or  established  in  the 
city  of  New  York  unless  the  site  therefor  be  first  approved  by  the  board  of  health, 
and  no  such  shelter  shall  be  conducted  in  said  city  without  a  permit  therefor  issued 
by  the  said  board  or  otherwise  than  in  accordance  with  the  terms  of  said  permit  and 
with  the  regulations  of  said  board.  (S.  C,  §81a.) 

§17.  Unmuzzled  dogs;  not  permitted  in  any  public  place. 

No  unmuzzled  dog  shall  be  permitted,  at  any  time,  to  be  on  any  public  highway 
or  in  any  public  park  or  place  in  the  city  of  New  York.  (S.  C.,  §80a.) 

§18.  Sale  of  small  animals  regulated. 

No  person  shall  sell  or  keep  for  sale  at  any  place  in  the  city  of  New  York  any  dogs, 
cats,  birds,  or  other  small  animals,  without  a  permit  therefor  issued  by  the  board  of 
health  or  otherwise  than  in  accordance  with  the  terms  of  said  permit  and  with  the 
regulations  of  said  board.  (S.  C.,  §80.) 

§19.  Live  chickens,  geese,  ducks,  and  other  fowls;  the  keeping,  killing,  and 
sale  regulated. 

No  live  chickens,  geese,  ducks,  or  other  fowl,  shall  be  brought  into,  or  kept, 
held,  offered  for  sale,  sold,  or  killed  in,  any  yard,  area,  cellar,  coop,  building,  premises 
public  market  or  other  public  place,  except  premises  used  for  farming  in  unimproved 

360 


SANITARY  CODE. 


sections  of  the  city,  without  a  permit  therefor  issued  by  the  board  of  health  or  other¬ 
wise  than  in  accordance  with  the  terms  of  said  permit  and  with  the  regulations  of  said 
board.  (S.  C.,  §79.) 

§20.  Keeping  of  live  pigeons  regulated. 

No  live  pigeons  shall  be  kept  within  the  built-up  portion  of  the  city  of  New  York 
without  a  permit  therefor  issued  by  the  board  of  health  or  otherwise  than  in  accord¬ 
ance  with  the  terms  of  said  permit  and  with  the  regulations  of  said  board.  (S.  G, 
§81.) 

§21.  Horses  to  be  tested  for  glanders. 

No  horse  shall  be  brought  into  or  kept  in  the  city  of  New  York  unless  it  shall 
have  been  tested  and  found  to  be  free  from  glanders  by  a  duly  licensed  veterinarian, 
in  accordance  with  the  regulations  of  the  board  of  health.  (New.  Adopted  Dec.  28, 
1917.) 

ARTICLE  3. 

Births,  Marriages,  and  Deaths. 

Births  and  still  births ;  parents  and  every  person  to  report ;  physicians 
and  professional  midwives  to  keep  register  and  file  written  copy. 
Deaths;  duty  of  physicians  and  other  persons  to  report;  contents 
of  death  certificate ;  physicians  to  register  with  Bureau  of  Records. 
Births,  still  births,  marriages,  and  deaths;  copy  of  registry  to  be  filed. 
Marriages ;  duty  of  clergymen,  magistrates,  and  other  persons  per¬ 
forming  ceremony. 

Persons  who  perform  the  marriage  ceremony  must  register. 

False  certificates,  statements,  and  reports. 

Dead  bodies  of  human  beings ;  permit  to  carry  or  convey  required : 
exception. 

Dead  bodies  of  human  beings;  transit  permit  required;  conditions 
under  which  said  permit  will  be  granted. 

Dead  bodies  of  human  beings,  not  to  be  retained  or  exposed. 

Dead  bodies  of  human  beings,  not  to  be  retained  unburied. 

Dead  bodies  of  human  beings ;  duty  of  persons  discovering  such  bodies 
to  communicate  with  department  of  health. 

Dead  bodies  of  human  beings ;  interment,  cremation,  or  other  dis¬ 
position;  permit  required. 

Sextons  and  undertakers  to  register  with  department  of  health. 
Duties  of  sextons  and  other  persons. 

Crematories,  burying-grounds,  cemeteries,  tombs  and  vaults ;  permit 
required  to  establish,  to  bury,  and  to  open  receptacle;  burial  of 
dead  body  restricted. 

§31.  Births  and  still  births;  parents  and  every  person  to  report;  physicians 
and  professional  midwives  to  keep  register  and  file  written  copy. 

It  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  parents  of  any  child  born  alive  or  dead  in  the  city  of 
New  York  (and  if  there  be  no  parent  alive  that  has  made  such  report,  then  of  the 
next  of  kin  of  said  child  born),  and  of  every  person  present  at  such  birth  or  still 
birth,  to  file  with  the  department  of  health,  within  ten  days  after  such  birth  and 
within  thirty-six  hours  after  such  still  birth,  a  report,  in  writing,  stating,  as  far  as 
known,  the  date,  borough,  street,  and  street  number  of  said  place  of  birth  or  still 
birth,  the  name,  sex,  and  color  of  such  child  born,  the  name,  residence,  birthplace 
and  age  of  the  parents,  respectively,  the  occupation  of  the  father  and  mother,  and 
the  maiden  name  of  the  mother.  It  shall  also  be  the  duty  of  physicians  and  pro¬ 
fessional  midwives  to  keep  a  registry  of  the  several  births  or  still  births,  in  which 

361 


Section  31. 

32. 

33. 

34. 

35. 

36. 

37. 

38. 

39. 

40. 

41. 

42. 

43. 

44. 

45. 


CHAP.  20,  ARTS.  2,  2,  SECS.  20-31. 


they  have  assisted  professionally,  which  shall  contain  the  date  of  birth  or  still  birth, 
the  borough,  street,  and  street  number  of  premises  wherein  such  birth  or  still  birth 
took  place,  the  sex  and  color  of  the  child,  and  also,  as  nearly  as  can  be  ascertained, 
the  name  of  the  said  child,  the  number  of  previous  children  born  of  the  mother,  the 
number  now  living,  the  name,  residence,  birthplace  and  age  of  the  parents,  respectively, 
the  occupation  of  the  father  and  mother,  and  the  maiden  name  of  the  mother;  and  it 
shall  be  the  duty  of  such  physicians  and  professional  midwives,  also,  to  file  a  written 
copy  of  the  said  registry  of  birth  or  still  birth  with  the  department  of  health  in  the 
borough  office  of  the  borough  wherein  the  birth  or  still  birth  occurred,  within  ten 
days  after  such  birth  and  within  thirty-six  hours  after  such  still  birth,  upon  blank 
forms  furnished  by  the  said  department.  Such  physicians  and  professional  mid¬ 
wives  shall  also  certify  that  they  assisted  professionally  at  the  birth  or  still  birth  so 
reported,  and  that  all  the  other  facts  stated  in  the  copy  of  the  said  registry  are  true 
to  the  best  of  their  knowledge,  information,  and  belief.  (S.  O.  Sec.  159.  Adopted 
Dec.  28,  1917.) 

§32.  Deaths;  duty  of  physicians  and  other  persons  to  report;  contents  of 
death  certificate. 

Physicians  who  shall  have  attended  deceased  persons  in  their  last  illness  shall 
make  and  preserve  a  registry  of  the  death  of  every  such  person,  stating  the  cause 
thereof  and  specifying  the  date,  hour,  street,  and  street  number  of  the  premises,  of 
such  death,  and  shall  file  with  the  department  of  health  a  report,  in  writing,  of 
the  death  of  every  such  person,  stating,  as  nearly  as  can  be  ascertained,  the  date  of 
death,  the  sex,  name  and  surname,  age,  occupation,  term  of  residence  in  the  City 
of  New  York,  place  of  nativity,  condition  of  life,  namely,  whether  single  or  married, 
a  widow  or  widower,  or  divorced,  the  color,  last  place  of  residence,  the  name  and 
birthplace  of  the  parents,  respectively,  the  maiden  name  of  the  mother,  and  the  chief 
and  determining,  and  the  contributory  cause  or  causes  of  death,  of  such  persons ; 
stating  also  whether  an  autopsy  has  been  performed,  and,  if  so,  the  findings  of  such 
autopsy;  and  the  chief  medical  examiner,  the  deputy  medical  examiners,  and  the 
assistant  medical  examiners  of  the  city,  shall,  in  their  certificates,  conform  to  the 
requirements  of  this  section,  and,  where  death  shall  have  resulted  from  accident, 
homicide,  or  suicide,  shall  specify  how,  when,  and  where  the  injuries  causing  such 
death  were  received.  (S.  G,  §160.)  (Adopted  Dec.  28,  1917.) 

§33.  Births,  still  births,  marriages,  and  deaths;  copy  of  registry  to  be  filed. 

It  shall  be  the  duty  of  every  person  required  to  make  or  keep  a  registry  of 
births,  still  births,  marriages,  or  deaths,  to  present  to  the  bureau  of  records  of  the 
department  of  health,  a  copy  of  such  registry,  signed  by  such  person,  within  ten 
days  after  the  birth  or  marriage,  and  within  thirty-six  hours  after  the  death  or 
still  birth,  of  any  person  to  whom  such  registry  relates,  which  copy  of  such  registry 
shall  thereupon  be  placed  on  file  in  the  said  bureau.  (S.  C.,  §161.)  (Adopted  Dec. 
28,  1917.) 

§34.  Marriages;  duty  of  clergymen,  magistrates,  and  other  persons  perform¬ 
ing  ceremony. 

It  shall  be  the  duty  of  clergymen,  magistrates,  and  other  persons  who  perform  the 
marriage  ceremony  in  the  city  of  New  York,  to  keep  a  registry  of  the  marriages  per¬ 
formed  by  them,  respectively,  which  shall  contain  the  place  and  date  of  marriage, 
the  age,  color,  name  and  surname,  birthplace,  and  residence,  respectively,  of  the  bride 
and  groom,  the  number  of  times  each  has  been  married,  the  condition  of  each,  namely, 
whether  single,  a  widow  or  widower,  or  divorced,  the  occupation  of  the  groom,  the 
maiden  name  of  the  bride,  if  a  widow,  and  the  names  of  the  parents  and  the  maiden 
name  of  the  mother,  of  each.  (S.  C.,  §158.) 


362 


SANITARY  CODE. 


§35.  Persons  who  perform  the  marriage  ceremony  must  register. 

Every  person  authorized  by  law  to  perform  the  marriage  ceremony  shall,  before 
performing  any  such  ceremony  in  the  city  of  New  York,  register  his  or  her  name  and 
address,  and  every  change  of  address,  in  the  office  of  the  bureau  of  records  of  the 
department  of  health.  (S.  C.,  §158.) 

§36.  False  certificates,  statements,  and  reports. 

No  person  shall  make,  prepare,  deliver  or  issue  any  false  certificate,  statement,  or 
report,  of  a  birth,  marriage,  or  death,  or  any  certificate,  statement,  or  report,  which 
is  not  in  accordance  with  the  facts  of  the  birth,  marriage,  or  death.  All  certificates, 
statements,  and  reports,  of  births,  marriages,  or  deaths,  shall  be  signed  by  the  person 
purporting  to  make  the  same,  and  no  person  shall  sign  or  forge  the  name  of  another 
to  any  such  certificate,  statement,  or  report.  (S.  C.,  §162.) 

§37.  Dead  bodies  of  human  beings;  permit  to  carry  or  convey  required; 
exception. 

No  captain,  agent,  or  other  person,  having  charge  of  or  attached  to  any  ferry¬ 
boat  or  sailing  or  other  vessel,  or  any  person  in  charge  of  any  public  or  private 
vehicle  or  conveyance,  shall  convey  or  allow  to  be  conveyed,  thereon  or  therein,  from, 
through,  into,  or  within  the  city  of  New  York,  nor  shall  any  person  carry  or  convey, 
or  allow  to  be  carried  or  conveyed,  in  any  manner,  from,  through,  into,  or  within  the 
said  city,  the  dead  body  of  any  human  being,  or  any  part  thereof,  without  a  permit 
therefor  issued  by  the  board  of  health  or  otherwise  than  in  accordance  with  the  terms 
of  such  permit  and  the  regulations  of  said  board ;  provided,  however,  that  the  same 
effect  shall  be  given,  under  this  section,  to  a  transit  permit  issued  by  boards  of  health, 
health  officers,  registrars,  or  other  duly  authorized  persons,  in  any  state  of  the 
United  States  whose  rules  and  regulations  for  the  transportation  of  the  dead  shall, 
when  such  permit  is  issued,  be  in  material  accord  with  those  at  the  time  in  force  in 
the  city  of  New  York,  as  though  such  permit  were  issued  by  the  board  of  health 
of  the  city  of  New  York.  (S.  C,  §163.) 

§38.  Dead  bodies  of  human  beings;  transit  permit  required;  conditions  under 
which  said  permit  will  be  granted. 

No  transit  permit  shall  be  granted  for  the  removal,  burial,  or  other  disposition  of 
the  remains  of  any  person  who  shall  have  died  in  the  city  of  New  York  unless  a  cer¬ 
tificate  of  death,  prepared  upon  a  form  furnished  by  the  department  of  health  and 
signed  as  hereinafter  provided,  shall  have  beer,  filed  in  the  said  department. 

Such  certificate  must  be  signed  by  a  physician  upon  whom  has  been  conferred 
the  degree  of  doctor  of  medicire,  or  by  a  physician  who  has  been  granted  a  license 
after  a  medical  examination  conducted  by  the  New  York  state  board  of  medical  exam¬ 
iners,  the  questions  for  which  have  been  prepared  by  the  board  of  regents  of  said 
state.  (S.  C.,  §163a.) 

§39.  Dead  bodies  of  human  beings  not  to  be  retained  or  exposed. 

No  person  shall  retain,  expose,  or  allow  to  be  retained  or  exposed,  the  dead  body 
of  any  human  being  to  the  peril  or  prejudice  of  the  life  or  health  of  any  person. 
(S.  C,  §164.) 

§40.  Dead  bodies  of  human  beings  not  to  be  retained  unburied. 

No  person  shall  retain  unburied  the  dead  body  of  any  human  being  for  a  longer 
period  than  4  days  after  the  death  of  such  person,  without  a  permit  from  the 
sanitary  superintendent,  an  assistant  sanitary  superintendent,  or  the  director  of  the 
bureau  of  infectious  diseases,  which  permit  shall  specify  the  length  of  time  during 
which  such  body  may  be  so  retained.  (S.  C.,  §165.) 


363 


CHAP.  20,  ART.  2,  SECS.  41-45. 


§41.  Dead  bodies  of  human  beings;  duty  of  persons  discovering  such  bodies 
to  communicate  with  department  of  health. 

It  'shall  be  the  duty  of  every  person  who  has  discovered  or  seen  the  body  of 
a  dead  human  being  or  any  part  thereof  (if  there  is  reason  for  such  person  to  think 
that  the  fact  of  the  death,  or  the  place  of  such  body,  or  part  thereof,  is  not  publicly 
known),  to  immediately  communicate  to  the  department  of  health  the  fact  that  such 
person  has  discovered  or  seen  such  body,  the  place  where,  and  time  when,  such  body 
was  discovered  or  seen,  and  (if  known)  the  place  where  such  body  is  or  may  be 
found,  and  any  facts  known  by  which  such  body  may  be  identified  or  the  cause  of 
death  ascertained.  (S.  C.,  §166.) 

§42.  Dead  bodies  of  human  beings;  interment,  cremation,  or  other  disposition; 
permit  required. 

No  interment,  cremation,  or  other  disposition,  of  the  dead  body  of  any  human 
being,  shall  be  made  in  the  city  of  New  York  without  a  permit  therefor  issued  by  the 
board  of  health  or  otherwise  than  in  accordance  with  the  terms  of  such  permit  and 
the  regulations  of  said  board,  and  the  said  dead  body  shall  be  placed  in  a  metallic  or 
tin-lined  box,  or  a  box  so  constructed  as  to  prevent  the  issuance  of  any  liquids  there¬ 
from.  No  sexton  or  other  person  shall  assist  in,  assent  to,  or  allow  the  interment, 
cremation,  or  other  disposition  of  any  such  body,  or  aid  the  preparation  of  or  assist 
in  preparing  any  grave  or  place  of  deposit  for  any  such  body,  unless  a  permit  shall 
have  been  issued,  as  hereinbefore  provided,  authorizing  such  interment,  cremation, 
or  other  disposition  of  such  body;  and  it  shall  be  the  duty  of  every  person  who  shall 
receive  any  such  permit  to  return  such  permit  to  the  department  of  health,  in  accord¬ 
ance  with  the  regulations  of  the  board  of  health.  (S.  C.,  §167.) 

§43.  Sextons  and  undertakers;  to  register  with  Department  of  Health. 

Every  person  who  acts  as  a  sexton  or  undertaker  in  the  city  of  New  York,  or  has 
the  charge  or  care  of  any  crematory,  vault,  tomb,  burying-ground  or  cemetery  for 
the  reception  of  the  dead  bodies  of  human  beings,  or  any  place  wherein  the  bodies 
of  any  human  beings  are  deposited,  shall  cause  his  or  her  name  and  address,  and 
every  change  of  address,  and  the  character  of  his  or  her  duties,  to  be  registered 
with  the  bureau  of  records  of  the  department  of  health.  (S.  C.,  §169.) 

§44.  Duties  of  sextons  and  other  persons. 

Every  sexton  and  other  person  having  charge  of  any  crematory,  burying-ground, 
cemetery,  tomb,  or  vault,  in  the  city  of  New  York,  shall,  before  12  o’clock  on 
Monday  of  each  week,  make  a  return  to  the  department  of  health,  which  return  shall 
set  forth  a  record  of  the  receipt  and  disposition  of  each  body  buried  or  cremated 
since  the  last  return,  and  which  said  return  shall  be  in  such  form,  and  shall  specify 
such  additional  particulars,  as  the  regulations  of  the  board  of  health  shall  require. 
<S.  C.,  §170.) 

§45.  Crematories,  burying=grounds,  cemeteries,  tombs,  and  vaults;  permit 
required  to  establish,  to  bury,  and  to  open  receptacle;  burial  of  dead 
body  restricted. 

No  new  crematory,  burying-ground,  cemetery,  tomb,  or  vault  to  be  used  for  the 
reception  of  dead  human  bodies  shall  be  established,  nor  shall  any  dead  body,  or  the 
remains  thereof,  be  placed  in  any  existing  burying-ground,  vault,  tomb,  or  cemetery, 
in  the  city  of  New  York,  nor  shall  any  grave,  vault,  tomb,  or  other  receptacle  in 
which  there  is  a  human  body  or  any  part  thereof,  be  opened,  exposed,  or  disturbed, 
without  a  permit  therefor  issued  by  the  board  of  health  or  otherwise  than  in  accord¬ 
ance  with  the  terms  of  such  permit  and  the  regulations  of  said  board,  and  every  body 
buried  in  any  such  place  shall  be  buried  to  the  depth  of  6  feet  below  the  surface 

364 


SANITARY  CODE. 


of  the  ground,  and  4  feet  below  any  closely  adjacent  street,  except  that,  in  the 
borough  of  Queens,  a  body  may  be  buried  to  the  depth  of  3  feet  below  the  surface 
of  the  ground.  (S.  C.,  §168.) 


Section  51. 

52. 

53. 

54. 

55. 

56. 

57. 

58. 

59. 

60. 
61. 
62. 


ARTICLE  4. 

Buildings. 

Joint  and  several  responsibility  of  owner,  lessee,  tenant,  and  occu¬ 
pant  for  existence  of  nuisance  or  violation  of  sanitary  code. 

Inadequate  strength,  ventilation,  light,  and  sewerage,  of  buildings, 
and  conditions  therein  dangerous  or  prejudicial  to  life  or  health, 
forbidden. 

Nuisances,  conditions  dangerous  and  prejudicial  to  life  or  health; 
duties  of  owners,  tenants,  lessees,  occupants  and  persons  in 
charge  of  buildings  and  lots. 

Dwellings ;  sanitary  conditions ;  duties  of  owner  and  lessee. 

Theatres,  manufactories,  and  workrooms;  sanitary  conditions,  light¬ 
ing,  heating,  and  ventilation. 

Lodging-houses,  boarding-houses,  or  manufactories,  not  to  be  over¬ 
crowded. 

Schools,  gymnasiums,  and  places  of  public  worship ;  duties  and 
responsibilities  of  persons  in  charge. 

Stables;  to  be  maintained  in  accordance  with  the  regulations  of  the 
board  of  health. 

Roof  and  skylights  to  be  kept  in  good  repair. 

Walls  and  ceilings  to  be  clean. 

Water  tanks  on  roofs  of  buildings;  their  use  regulated. 

Sleeping  in  cellars,  or  in  any  place  dangerous  or  prejudicial  to  life 
or  health,  prohibited. 


§51.  Joint  and  several  responsibility  of  owner,  lessee,  tenant,  and  occupant 
for  existence  of  nuisance  or  violation  of  sanitary  code. 

The  owner,  lessee,  tenant,  and  occupant  of  every  building  or  premises,  or  of  any 
part  thereof,  where  there  shall  be  a  nuisance,  or  a  violation  of  any  section  of  the  sani¬ 
tary  code,  shall  be  jointly  and  severallv  liable  therefor,  in  so  far  as  they,  respectively, 
have  the  power  to  prevent  or  abate  such  nuisance  or  prevent  such  violation,  and,  to 
such  extent,  each  of  them  may  be  required  to  abate  the  nuisance,  or  comply  with  the 
order  of  the  board  of  health  in  respect  to  such  building,  premises,  or  part  thereof. 
(S.  G,  §13.) 

§52.  Inadequate  strength,  ventilation,  light,  and  sewerage  of  building,  and 
conditions  therein  dangerous  or  prejudicial  to  life  or  health,  for= 
bidden. 

No  person,  persons,  or  corporation  shall,  hereafter,  in  the  city  of  New  York, 
erect  or  cause  to  be  erected,  or  convert  or  cause  to  be  converted  to  a  new  purpose  by 
alteration,  any  building  or  structure,  or  change  or  cause  to  be  changed  the  construction 
of  any  part  of  any  building  or  structure  by  addition  or  otherwise,  so  that  it,  or  any 
part  thereof,  shall  be  inadequate  or  defective  in  respect  to  strength,  ventilation,  light, 
sewerage,  or  any  other  usual,  proper,  or  necessary  provision  or  precaution  for 
the  security  of  life  and  health ;  nor  shall  the  builder,  owner,  lessee,  tenant,  or  occu¬ 
pant  of  any  building  or  structure  in  the  said  city  cause  or  allow  any  matter  or  thing 
to  be  or  to  be  done  in  or  about  any  such  building  or  structure  dangerous  or  preju¬ 
dicial  to  life  or  health.  (S.  C.,  §16.) 


365 


CHAP .  20,  ART .  4 ,  SECS.  53-56. 


§53.  Nuisances,  conditions  dangerous  and  prejudicial  to  life  or  health;  duties 
of  owners,  tenants,  lessees,  occupants  and  persons  in  charge  of  build= 
ings  and  lots. 

Every  owner,  lessee,  tenant,  occupant,  or  person  in  charge  of  any  building  or 
premises  within  or  adjacent  to  the  built-up  portions  of  the  city  of  New  York  shall 
keep  and  cause  to  be  kept  the  sidewalk,  flagging,  and  curb  stone  abutting  on  said 
building  or  premises  free  from  obstructions  and  nuisances  of  every  kind,  and  shall 
remove  or  cause  to  be  removed  therefrom  all  garbage,  refuse,  filth,  dirt,  and  other 
offensive  material  and  shall  keep  such  sidewalk,  flagging  and  curbstone  free  from 
garbage,  refuse,  filth,  dirt,  and  other  offensive  material,  and  no  such  owner,  tenant, 
lessee,  occupant,  or  person  in  charge  shall  allow  anything  in,  on,  or  about  such  build¬ 
ing  or  premises,  or  any  conditions  arising  or  existing  therein  or  thereon,  to  become  a 
nuisance,  or  dangerous  or  prejudicial  to  life  or  health. 

Such  garbage,  refuse,  filth,  dirt,  and  other  offensive  material  removed  from 
the  sidewalk,  flagging,  or  curb  stone  may  be  piled  in  the  gutter  or  roadway  between 
the  hours  of  six  and  eight  o’clock  in  the  morning,  but  shall  not  be  put  or  placed  in, 
or  swept,  shovelled,  thrown,  emptied,  or  deposited  into,  the  gutter  or  roadway  at 
any  other  time.  (S.  C.,  §41.)  (As  amended  by  the  Board  of  Health,  Dec.  28,  1916.) 

§54.  Dwellings;  sanitary  conditions;  duties  of  owner  and  lessee. 

No  owner  or  lessee  of  any  building,  or  any  part  thereof,  shall  lease  or  let  or  hire 
out  or  allow  the  same  or  any  part  thereof  to  be  occupied  by  any  person,  or  allow 
any  one  to  dwell  or  lodge  therein  except,  when  said  building  or  such  parts  thereof 
are  sufficiently  lighted,  ventilated,  provided,  and  accommodated,  and  are  in  all  respects 
in  that  condition  of  cleanliness  and  wholesomeness  for  which  this  code  or  any  law 
of  this  state  provides,  or  in  which  the  said  code  or  any  such  law  requires  any  such 
premises  to  be  kept.  Nor  shall  any  such  person,  having  power  to  prevent  the  same, 
rent,  let,  hire  out,  or  allow,  to  be  used  as  or  f6r  a  place  of  sleeping  or  residence,  any 
cellar  in  any  building,  or  any  room  of  which  the  floor  is  damp  by  reason  of  water  from 
the  ground,  or  which  is  impregnated  or  penetrated  by  any  offensive  gas,  smell,  or 
exhalation,  prejudicial  to  health.  (S.  C.,  §17.) 

§55.  Theatres,  manufactories,  and  workrooms;  sanitary  conditions,  lighting, 
heating,  and  ventilation. 

The  owner,  agent,  lessee,  tenant,  manager,  and  person  conducting  every  theatre, 
auditorium,  assembly  hall,  factory,  workroom,  store,  or  office,  shall  cause  every  part 
thereof  and  its  appurtenances  to  be  put,  and  shall  thereafter  cause  the  same  to  be  kept, 
in  a  cleanly  and  sanitary  condition,  and  shall  cause  every  room  thereof  to  be  adequately 
lighted ;  shall  provide,  in  each  room  thereof,  proper  and  sufficient  means  of  ventilation 
by  natural  or  mechanical  means,  or  both,  and  maintain  proper  degrees  of  temperature 
and  humidity  in  every  room  thereof ;  and  shall  cause  every  part  of  any  such  place  to 
be  provided  with  such  accommodations  and  safeguards,  as  not,  by  reason  of  the  want 
thereof,  or  by  reason  of  anything  about  the  condition  of  such  place  or  its  appur¬ 
tenances,  to  cause  any  unnecessary  danger  or  detriment  to  the  life  or  health  of  any 
person  being  properly  therein  or  thereat.  (S.  C.,  §22.) 

§56.  Lodging=houses,  boarding=houses,  or  manufactories  not  to  be  over¬ 
crowded. 

No  owner,  lessee  or  keeper  of  any  lodging-house,  boarding-house,  factory,  work¬ 
room,  store,  office,  or  place  of  business,  shall  cause  or  allow  the  same  to  be  over¬ 
crowded  or  cause  or  allow  so  great  a  number  of  persons  to  dwell,  be,  or  sleep  in  any 
such  house,  or  any  portion  thereof,  as  thereby  to  cause  any  danger  or  detriment  to 
life  or  health.  (S.  C.,  §19.) 


366 


SANITARY  CODE. 


§57.  Schools,  gymnasiums,  and  places  of  public  worship;  duties  and  responsi¬ 
bilities  of  persons  in  charge. 

No  master  or  teacher,  or  manager  of,  or  in,  any  school,  public  or  private,  or 
of  or  in  any  Sunday-school  or  gymnasium,  or  the  officer  thereof,  or  officer  or 
manager  or  person  having  charge  of  any  place  of  public  worship,  shall  so  far  omit 
or  neglect  any  duty  or  reasonable  care  or  precaution  respecting  the  safety  or  health 
of  any  scholar,  pupil,  or  attendant,  or  respecting  the  temperature,  ventilation,  clean¬ 
liness,  or  strength,  of  any  church,  hall  of  worship,  school  house,  school-room,  or 
place  of  practice  or  exercise  connected  therewith,  or  relative  to  anything  appurtenant 
thereto,  so  that  by  reason  of  such  neglect  or  omission,  the  life  or  health  of  any 
person  shall  suffer  or  incur  any  avoidable  peril  or  detriment.  (S.  C.,  §25.) 

§58.  Stables;  to  be  maintained  in  accordance  with  the  regulations  of  the 
board  of  health. 

No  stable  shall  be  maintained  in  the  city  of  New  York,  without  a  permit  there¬ 
for  issued  by  the  board  of  health  or  otherwise  than  in  accordance  with  the  terms 
of  said  permit  and  with  the  regulations  of  said  board.  The  provisions  of  this  sec¬ 
tion  shall  apply  to  the  owner,  lessee,  tenant,  occupant,  or  person  in  charge  of  such 
stable.  (New.) 

§59.  Roofs  and  skylights  to  be  kept  in  good  repair. 

The  roofs,  skylights,  walls,  and  windows  of  all  buildings  shall  be  kept  in  a  con¬ 
dition  of  good  repair  so  that  rain  water  shall  not  enter  the  building.  (S.  G,  §24.) 

§60.  Walls  and  ceilings  to  be  clean. 

All  filthy  and  dirty  walls  and  ceilings  of  any  building,  including  the  walls  and  ceil¬ 
ings  of  the  cellars  thereof,  shall  be  thoroughly  cleaned  and  whitewashed  whenever 
required  by  the  department  of  health.  (S.  G,  §23.) 


§61.  Water  tanks  on  roofs  of  buildings;  their  use  regulated. 

Every  tank  for  holding  water  located  on  the  roof  or  external  part  of  a  building 
shall  be  kept  completely  covered  with  a  tight-fitting  cover.  Every  tank  from  which 
water  is  furnished  for  drinking  and  domestic  purposes  shall  be  emptied  and  the  inside 
thoroughly  cleaned  at  least  once  a  year  and  at  such  other  times  as  may  be  directed 
by  the  sanitary  superintendent  or  an  assistant  sanitary  superintendent  of  the  depart¬ 
ment  of  health.  (S.  G,  §62a;  as  amended  Dec.  21,  1915.) 


§62.  Sleeping  in  cellars  or  in  any  place  dangerous  or  prejudicial  to  life  or 
health  prohibited. 

No  person,  having  the  right  and  power  to  prevent  the  same,  shall  knowingly  cause 
or  permit  any  person  to  sleep  or  remain  in  any  cellar,  in  any  bathroom,  in  any 
room  where  there  is  a  water-closet,  or  in  any  place  dangerous  or  prejudicial  to 
life  or  health,  by  reason  of  the  want  of  ventilation  or  drainage,  or  by  reason  of  the 
presence  of  any  poisonous,  noxious,  or  offensive  odor  or  substance,  or  otherwise.  (S. 
G,  §18.) 

ARTICLE  5. 


Section  71. 

72. 

73. 

74. 

75. 


Cold  Storage. 

The  term  “food”  defined. 

Cold  storage  food  to  be  marked. 

Time  that  cold  storage  food  may  be  kept. 

Food  when  once  released  for  the  purpose  of  placing  same  on  the 
market  for  sale  not  to  be  returned  to  cold  storage. 

Food  kept  in  cold  storage  not  to  be  sold  without  representing  the 
fact  of  such  storage. 


367 


CHAP.  20,  ART.  5,  SECS.  71-80. 


§71.  The  term  “  food  ”  defined. 

The  term  food  as  used  in  this  article  shall  include  any  article,  except  nuts,  fruits, 
cheese  and  vegetables,  used  for  food  by  man  or  animal  and  every  ingredient  of  such 
article.  (New.) 

§72.  Cold  storage  food  to  be  marked. 

It  shall  hereafter  be  unlawful  for  any  person  or  persons,  corporation  or  corpora¬ 
tions,  engaged  in  the  business  of  cold  storage  warehousemen  or  in  the  business  of 
refrigerating,  to  receive  any  kind  of  food  unless  the  said  food  is  in  an  apparently 
pure  and  wholesome  condition,  and  the  food  or  the  package  containing  the  same 
is  branded,  stamped  or  marked,  in  some  conspicuous  place,  with  the  day,  month 
and  year  when  the  same  is  received  in  storage  or  refrigeration. 

It  shall  be  unlawful  for  any  person  or  persons,  corporation  or  corporations, 
engaged  in  the  business  of  cold  storage  warehousemen  or  in  the  business  of  re¬ 
frigerating,  to  permit  any  article  of  any  kind  whatsoever  used  for  food  in  the 
possession  of  any  person  or  persons,  corporation  or  corporations,  engaged  in  the 
business  of  cold  storage  warehousemen  or  refrigerating,  to  be  taken  from  their 
possession  without  first  having  branded,  stamped  or  marked  on  said  food  stuffs 
or  the  package  containing  same,  in  a  conspicuous  place,  the  day,  month  and  year 
when  said  food  stuffs  or  package  was  removed  from  cold  storage  or  refrigeration. 

It  shall  also  be  unlawful  for  any  person  or  persons,  corporation  or  corporations, 
to  offer  for  storage  in  a  cold  storage  warehouse  or  to  place  in  storage  in  a  cold 
storage  warehouse  any  article  of  food  unless  the  same  is  in  an  apparently  pure 
and  wholesome  condition.  (New.) 

§73.  Time  that  cold  storage  food  may  be  kept. 

It  shall  hereafter  be  unlawful  for  any  person,  corporation  or  corporations, 
engaged  in  the  business  of  cold  storage  warehousemen  or  refrigerating,  or  for  any 
person  or  corporation  placing  food  in  a  cold  storage  warehouse,  to  keep  in  storage 
for  preservation  or  otherwise  any  kind  of  food  or  any  article  used  for  food  a 
longer  period  than  10  calendar  months,  excepting  butter  products,  which  may  be 
kept  in  said  cold  storage  or  refrigeration  12  calendar  months.  (New.) 

§74.  Food  when  once  released  for  the  purpose  of  placing  same  on  market  for 
sale  not  to  be  returned  to  cold  storage. 

When  food  has  been  in  cold  storage  or  refrigeration  and  is  released  therefrom, 
for  the  purpose  of  placing  the  same  on  the  market  for  sale,  it  shall  be  a  violation 
of  the  provisions  of  this  article  to  again  place  such  food  in  cold  storage  or  refrigera¬ 
tion.  (New.) 

§75.  Food  kept  in  cold  storage  not  to  be  sold  without  representing  the  fact 
of  such  storage. 

It  shall  be  a  violation  of  the  provisions  of  this  article  to  sell  any  article  or 
articles  of  food  that  have  been  kept  in  cold  storage  or  refrigeration,  without 
representing  the  same  to  have  been  so  kept.  (New.) 

ARTICLE  6. 

Medical  Examiners. 

Section  80.  Duties  of  medical  examiners. 

§80.  Duties  of  medical  examiners. 

The  chief  medical  examiner,  the  deputy  medical  examiners  and  the  assistant  medi¬ 
cal  examiners  shall  transmit  and  cause  to  be  delivered  to  the  department  of  health 
within  two  hours  after  viewing  the  dead  body  of  any  person  who  has  died  from  any 
infectious  disease  the  following  facts  so  far  as  known  or  reported  to  such  chief  medi- 


368 


SANITARY  CODE. 


cal  examiner,  deputy  medical  examiners,  and  assistant  medical  examiners :  the  name 
of  the  deceased;  the  place  of  death,  giving  the  street  and  street  number  or  such  other 
particulars  as  will  identify  said  place  of  death ;  the  location  of  the  body ;  the  cause  of 
death;  th'e  date  and  time  of  death;  the  name  or  names  of  physician  or  physicians,  if 
any,  attending  the  deceased  in  his  or  her  last  illness;  the  occupation  of  deceased;  the 
place  of  employment;  the  place  to  which  body  has  been  removed,  if  removal  permit 
has  been  issued;  and  if  autopsy  was  performed,  the  findings  thereof.  (S.  C.  Sec. 
171.)  (As  amended  by  the  Board  of  Health  Dec.  31,  1917.) 


ARTICLE  7. 


Diseases. 


Section  86. 

87. 

88. 

89. 

90. 

91. 


92. 

93. 

94. 

95. 

96. 

97. 

98. 

99. 

100. 

101. 

102. 

103. 

104. 

105. 


Duty  of  persons  in  charge  of  hospitals,  and  of  physicians,  to  report 
infectious  diseases. 

Duty  of  every  person  to  report  persons  affected  with  infectious 
disease. 

Duty  of  superintendents  of  hospitals  and  dispensaries,  and  of  phy¬ 
sicians,  to  report  cases  of  venereal  disease. 

Isolation  and  quarantine  of  persons  affected  with  infectious  diseases. 

Duty  of  physicians  to  report  deaths  from  infectious  diseases. 

Puerperal  septicaemia  and  suppurative  conjunctivitis;  duty  of  officers 
of  schools,  dispensaries,  and  other  institutions,  and  of  physicians, 
to  report. 

Occupational  diseases  and  injuries;  duty  of  officers  of  hospitals,  public 
institutions,  and  dispensaries,  and  of  physicians,  to  report. 

Group  of  cases  of  food  poisoning;  duty  of  officers  of  hospitals,  and 
of  physicians,  to  report. 

Exclusion  of  children  from  schools. 

Exclusion  of  teachers  and  instructors  affected  with  certain  diseases. 

Isolation  of  persons  affected  with  infectious  diseases  in  institutions. 

Removal  of  persons  affected  with  any  infectious  disease  authorized. 

Removal  of  persons  affected  with  an  infectious  disease  regulated. 

Persons  having  an  infectious  disease  not  to  engage  in  manufacturing 
in  tenement  houses. 

Acts  tending  to  promote  spread  of  disease  prohibited. 

Disinfection  and  renovation  of  premises,  furniture  and  belongings. 

Duties  of  undertakers. 

Public  or  church  funerals  prohibited  where  death  has  been  caused  by 
certain  diseases. 

Cyanide  used  for  fumingating  purposes  regulated. 

Diagnostic  laboratories  regulated. 


§86.  Duty  of  persons  in  charge  of  hospitals,  and  of  physicians,  to  report 
•  infectious  diseases. 

It  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  manager  or  managers,  superintendent,  or  person  in 
charge  of  every  hospital,  institution,  or  dispensary,  in  the  city  of  New  York,  to  report 
to  the  department  of  health  in  writing  the  full  name,  age,  and  address  of  every  occu¬ 
pant  or  inmate  thereof  or  person  treated  therein,  affected  with  any  one  of  the  in¬ 
fectious  diseases  included  in  the  following  list,  with  the  name  of  the  disease,  within 
24  hours  after  the  time  when  the  case  is  diagnosed,  and  it  shall  be  the  duty  of 
every  physician  in  the  said  city  to  make  a  similar  report  to  the  said  department 
within  the  same  period  relative  to  any  person  found  by  such  physician  to  be  affected 
with  any  one  of  the  said  infectious  diseases,  stating,  in  each  instance,  the  name  of  the 


369 


CHAP.  20 ,  ART.  7 ,  SECS.  87-89. 

disease:  acute  anterior  poliomyelitis  (infantile  paralysis),  anthrax,  Asiatic  cholera, 
diphtheria  (croup),  dysentery  (epidemic),  epidemic  cerebro-spinal  meningitis,  glanders, 
suppurative  conjunctivitis,  hook-worm  disease,  leprosy,  malarial  fever,  measles,  mumps, 
paratyphoid  fever,  plague,  pulmonary  tuberculosis,  rabies,  rubella  (German  measles, 
rotheln),  scarlet  fever,  epidemic  septic  sore  throat,  smallpox,  tetanus,  trachoma,  tri¬ 
chinosis,  tuberculosis  meningitis,  typhoid  fever,  typhus  fever,  varicella  (chicken-pox), 
whooping-cough,  and  yellow  fever. 

Provided,  that  if  the  disease  is  typhoid  fever,  scarlet  fever,  diphtheria,  epidemic 
dysentery,  or  epidemic  septic  sore  throat,  every  such  report  shall  also  show  whether 
the  patient  has  been,  or  any  member  of  the  household  in  which  the  patient  resides  is, 
engaged  or  employed  in  the  handling  of  milk,  cream,  butter,  or  other  dairy  products 
for  sale  or  preliminary  to  sale.  (S.  C.,  §133.) 

§87.  Duty  of  every  person  to  report  persons  affected  with  an  infectious 
disease. 

When  no  physician  is  in  attendance,  it  shall  be  the  duty  of  every  person  having 
knowledge  of  any  person  affected  with  any  disease  apparently  or  presumably  infectious 
to  at  once  report  to  the  department  of  health  all  facts  in  relation  to  the  illness  and 
physical  condition  of  any  such  person.  (S.  C.,  §136.) 

§88.  Duty  of  superintendents  of  hospitals  and  dispensaries,  and  of  physicians, 
to  report  cases  of  venereal  disease. 

It  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  manager,  superintendent  or  person  in  charge  of  any 
correctional  institution  and  of  every  public  or  private  hospital,  dispensary,  clinic, 
asylum  or  charitable  institution  in  the  city  of  New  York  to  report  promptly  to  the 
department  of  health  the  name  or  initials,  together  with  the  sex,  age,  marital  state 
and  address,  of  every  occupant  or  inmate  thereof  or  person  treated  therein  affected 
with  syphilis  or  gonorrhea;  and  it  shall  also  be  the  duty  of  every  physician  in  the 
said  city  to  promptly  make  a  similar  report  to  the  department  of  health  relative  to 
any  person  found  by  such  physician  to  be  affected  with  syphilis  or  gonorrhea.  All 
reports  made  in  accordance  with  the  provisions  of  this  section  and  all  records  of 
clinical  or  laboratory  examinations  indicating  the  presence  of  syphilis  or  gonor- 
ihea  shall  be  regarded  as  confidential  and  shall  not  be  open  to  inspection  by  the 
public  or  by  any  person  other  than  the  official  custodian  of  such  reports  or  records 
in  the  department  of  health,  the  commissioner  of  health  and  such  other  persons 
as  may  be  authorized  by  law  to  inspect  such  reports  or  records,  nor  shall  the  cus¬ 
todian  of  any  such  report  or  record,  the  said  commissioner  of  health  or  any  such  other 
person  divulge  any  part  of  any  such  report  or  record  so  as  to  disclose  the  identity 
of  the  person  to  whom  it  relates. 

It  shall  be  the  duty  of  every  physician  to  furnish  and  deliver  to  every  person 
found  by  such  physician  to  be  affected  with  syphilis  or  gonorrhea  a  circular  of  in¬ 
struction  and  advice  issued  or  approved  by  the  department  of  health  of  the  city  of 
New  York  and  to  instruct  such  person  as  to  the  precautions  to  be  taken  in  order  to 
prevent  the  communication  of  the  disease  to  others.  No  person  affected  with 
syphilis  or  gonorrhea  shall,  by  a  negligent  act,  cause,  contribute  to  or  promote  the 
spread  of  such  diseases.  (As  amended  by  the  Board  of  Health,  June  28,  1917.) 

§89.  Isolation  and  quarantine  of  persons  affected  with  infectious  diseases. 

It  shall  be  the  duty  of  every  physician,  immediately  upon  discovering  a  person 
affected  with  an  infectious  disease,  to  secure  such  isolation  and  quarantine  of  such 
person,  or  to  take  such  other  action  as  is  or  may  be  required  by  the  regulations  of 
the  department  of  health.  (As  amended  by  the  Board  of  Health,  Jan.  30,  1917.) 


370 


SANITARY  CODE . 


§90.  Duty  of  physicians  to  report  deaths  from  infectious  diseases. 

It  shall  be  the  duty  of  every  physician  to  report  forthwith,  in  writing,  to  the  de¬ 
partment  of  health,  the  death  of  every  person  who  dies  from,  or  while  suffering  with, 
any  infectious  disease,  and  to  state  in  such  report  the  specific  name  and  type  of  such 
disease.  (S.  C.,  §135.) 

§91.  Puerperal  septicaemia  and  suppurative  conjunctivitis;  duty  of  officers  of 
schools,  dispensaries,  and  other  institutions,  and  of  physicians,  to 
report. 

It  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  manager  or  managers,  superintendent,  or  person  in 
charge  of  every  sanitarium,  day  nursery,  convalescent  home,  home  for  children,  re¬ 
formatory,  training  school,  boarding  school,  hospital,  dispensary,  or  other  institution 
for  the  care  or  treatment  of  persons,  in  the  city  of  New  York,  to  immediately  report 
or  cause  to  be  immediately  reported  to  the  department  of  health,  the  name,  age  (so 
far  as  can  be  ascertained),  and  residence  of  every  person  received  therein  or  treated 
thereat  who  is  affected  with  puerperal  ^septicaemia  or  suppurative  conjunctivitis,  with 
the  name  of  the  disease  with  which  such  person  is  affected,  and  it  shall  be  the  duty  of 
every  physician  in  the  said  city  to  immediately  make,  or  cause  to  be  immediately  made, 
a  similar  report  to  the  said  department  relative  to  any  person  found  by  such  physician 
to  be  so  affected,  stating,  in  each  instance,  the  name  of  the  disease  with  which  such 
person  is  affected.  Every  such  manager,  physician,  and  officer  shall  also  report  the 
name  and  address  of  the  physician  or  midwife  in  attendance  at  the  time  of  the  onset 
of  the  disease,  which  information  it  is  hereby  made  the  duty  of  every  institution 
herein  specified  to  obtain  and  record  among  its  records.  (S.  C.,  §144.) 

§92.  Occupational  diseases  and  injuries;  duty  of  officers  of  hospitals,  public 
institutions,  and  dispensaries,  and  of  physicians,  to  report. 

It  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  manager  or  managers,  superintendent,  or  person  in 
charge  of  every  hospital,  institution,  or  dispensary,  in  the  city  of  New  York,  to  report 
to  the  department  of  health,  in  writing,  the  full  name,  age,  and  address  of  every  occu¬ 
pant  or  inmate  thereof  or  person  treated  therein,  affected  with  any  one  of  the  occu¬ 
pational  diseases  included  in  the  list  appended,  with  the  name  of  the  disease,  within 
24  hours  after  the  time  when  the  case  is  diagnosed  and  it  shall  be  the  duty 
of  every  physician  to  make  a  similar  report  to  the  said  department  within  the  said 
period  relative  to  any  person  found  by  such  physician  to  be  affected  with  any  one  of 
the  said  occupational  diseases,  stating,  in  each  instance,  the  name  of  the  disease : 
Arsenic  poisoning,  bisulphide  of  carbon  poisoning,  brass  poisoning,  caisson  disease 
(compressed-air  illness),  carbon  monoxide  poisoning,  dinitrobenzine  poisoning,  lead 
poisoning,  mercury  poisoning,  methyl  alcohol  or  wood  naphtha  poisoning,  natural  gas 
poisoning,  phosphorus  poisoning  (S.  C.,  §134.) 

§93.  Group  of  cases  of  food  poisoning;  duty  of  officers  of  hospitals,  and  of 
physicians,  to  report. 

It  shall  be  the  duty  of  every  physician,  and  of  the  manager,  superintendent,  or 
other  person  in  charge  of  any  hospital,  dispensary,  or  other  institution,  having  knowl¬ 
edge  of  the  occurrence  of  a  number  or  group  of  cases  of  severe  or  fatal  illness,  which 
appear  to  be  due  to  the  consumption  of  spoiled  or  poisonous  articles  of  food  to  imme¬ 
diately  report  the  same  to  the  department  of  health. 

§94.  Exclusion  of  children  from  schools. 

No  principal  or  superintendent  of  any  school,  and  no  parent,  master,  or  custodian 
of  any  child  or  minor  (having  the  power  and  authority  to  prevent)  shall  permit  any 
child  or  minor  having  acute  poliomyelitis  (infantile  paralysis),  chicken-pox,  diph¬ 
theria  (croup),  epidemic  cerebro-spinal  meningitis,  measles,  mumps,  pulmonary  tuber¬ 
culosis  (if  in  a  communicable  form),  rubella  (German  measles,  rotheln),  scarlet  fever, 
smallpox,  or  whooping  cough,  or  any  child  or  minor  in  any  family,  or  living  with  any 

371 


CHAP.  20,  ART.  7,  SECS.  95-99. 


family,  in  which  any  such  disease  exists  or  has  recently  existed,  to  attend  any  public, 
private,  or  parochial  school  until  the  department  of  health  shall  have  given  its  permis¬ 
sion  therefor,  nor  shall  any  such  principal,  superintendent,  parent,  master,  or  custodian 
permit  any  child  or  minor  to  be  unnecessarily  exposed,  or  to  needlessly  expose  any 
other  person,  to  any  infectious  disease  or  to  any  infective  person  or  agent.  (S.  C., 
§145.) 

§95.  Exclusion  of  teachers  and  instructors  affected  with  certain  diseases. 

No  person  affected  with  pulmonary  tuberculosis  (if  in  a  communicable  form)  or 
with  any  other  disease  mentioned  in  §94  of  the  sanitary  code  shall  be  employed 
as  teacher  or  instructor  in  any  public,  private,  or  parochial  school,  or  permitted  to 
teach  or  instruct  therein,  unless  the  written  permission  therefor  shall  have  been  ob¬ 
tained  from  the  department  of  health. 

§96.  Isolation  of  persons  affected  with  infectious  diseases  in  institutions. 

It  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  manager  or  managers,  superintendent,  or  person  in 
charge  of  every  sanatorium,  sanitarium,  day  'nursery,  convalescent  home,  home  for 
children,  reformatory,  training  school,  boarding  school,  hospital,  dispensary,  or  other 
institution  for  the  care  or  treatment  of  persons,  in  the  city  of  New  York,  to  provide 
and  maintain  a  suitable  room  or  rooms  for  the  isolation  of  persons  affected  with  such 
infectious  diseases  as  the  regulations  of  the  department  of  health  may  from  time  to 
time  designate  as  being  subject  to  the  provisions  of  this  section,  and  such  persons 
shall  immediately  be  isolated  in  such  room  or  rooms.  (S.  C.,  §140.) 

§97.  Removal  of  persons  affected  with  any  infectious  disease  authorized. 

Whenever  an  inspector  of  the  department  of  health  shall  report  in  writing  that 
any  person  affected  with  any  infectious  disease,  under  such  circumstances  that  the 
continuance  of  such  person  in  the  place  where  he  or  she  may  be  is  dangerous  to  the 
lives  or  health  of  other  persons  residing  in  the  neighborhood,  the  sanitary  superin¬ 
tendent,  an  assistant  sanitary  superintendent,  or  the  director  of  the  bureau  of  infectious 
diseases,  of  the  said  department,  upon  the  report  of  a  medical  inspector  of  the  said 
department  may  cause  the  removal  of  such  person  to  a  hospital  designated  by  the 
board  of  health.  (S.  C.,  §189.) 

§98.  Removal  of  persons  affected  with  an  infectious  disease  regulated. 

No  person  shall,  in  the  city  of  New  York,  without  a  permit  therefor  issued  by  the 
board  of  health,  carry,  move,  or  cause  to  be  carried  or  moved,  in  any  manner  whatso¬ 
ever,  through  any  public  street  or  place  any  person  affected  with  an  infectious  dis¬ 
ease,  or  any  article  which  has  been  exposed  to  such  disease;  nor  shall  any  person 
remove  or  cause  to  be  removed,  in  the  city  of  New  York,  any  such  person  or  article 
from  any  building  or  vessel  to  any  other  building  or  vessel,  or  to  the  shore,  without  a 
permit  therefor  issued  by  the  board  of  health.  (S.  C.,  §143  ) 

§99.  Persons  having  an  infectious  disease  not  to  engage  in  manufacturing  in 
tenement  houses. 

Unless  permission  therefor  shall  have  been  obtained  from  the  department  of  health, 
no  person  affected  with  any  infectious  disease,  or  who  is  exposed  to  any  infectious 
disease,  shall,  in  any  tenement  house  or  in  any  part  thereof,  engage  in  the  manufacture, 
altering,  repairing,  or  finishing  of  any  article  whatsoever,  except  for  the  sole  and  exclu¬ 
sive  use  of  the  person  so  engaged. 

Whenever  required  by  the  sanitary  superintendent,  an  assistant  sanitary  super¬ 
intendent,  or  the  director  of  the  bureau  of  infectious  diseases,  of  the  department  of 
health,  any  person  engaged  in  the  manufacture,  altering,  repairing,  or  finishing  of  any 
article  whatsoever,  except  for  the  sole  and  exclusive  use  of  the  person  so  engaged, 
shall  submit  to  a  physical  examination  by  a  medical  inspector  of  the  said  department. 

372 


SANITARY  CODE. 


§100.  Acts  tending  to  promote  spread  of  disease  prohibited. 

No  person  shall  by  any  exposure  of  any  individual  sick  of  any  infectious  disease, 
or  of  the  body  of  such  person,  or  by  any  negligent  act  connected  therewith,  or  in 
respect  of  the  care  or  custody  thereof,  or  by  a  needless  exposure  of  himself,  cause, 
contribute  to,  or  promote,  the  spread  of  disease  from  any  such  person,  or  from  any 
dead  body.  (S.  C.,  §143.) 

§101.  Disinfection  and  renovation  of  premises,  furniture,  and  belongings. 

Adequate  disinfection  or  cleansing  and  renovation  of  premises,  furniture,  and 
belongings,  deemed  by'  the  department  of  health  to  be  infected  by  any  contagious, 
infectious  or  communicable  disease,  shall  immediately  follow  the  recovery,  death,  or 
removal  of  the  person  suffering  from  such  disease,  and  such  disinfection  or  cleansing 
and  renovation  shall  be  performed  by  the  owner  of  said  premises.  (S.  C.,  §146.) 

§102.  Duties  of  undertakers. 

It  shall  be  the  duty  of  every  undertaker  having  notice  of  the  death  of  any  person 
within  the  city  of  New  York  or  acute  cerebro-spinal  meningitis,  acute  poliomyelitis 
(infantile  paralysis),  Asiatic  cholera,  diphtheria  (croup),  plague,  scarlet  fever,  small¬ 
pox,  or  typhus  fever,  or  of  the  bringing  of  the  dead  body  of  any  person  who  has  died 
c/f  any  such  disease  into  the  said  city,  to  give  immediate  notice  thereof  to  the  depart¬ 
ment  of  health.  No  person  shall  retain  or  expose,  or  assist  in  the  retention  or  exposure 
of,  the  dead  body  of  any  such  person  except  in  a  coffin  or  casket  properly  sealed;  nor 
shall  any  person  allow  any  such  body  to  be  placed  in  any  coffin  or  casket  unless  the 
body  shall  have  been  wrapped  in  a  sheet  saturated  with  a  proper  disinfecting  solution, 
and  the  coffin  or  casket  shall  then  be  immediately  and  permanently  sealed.  No  under¬ 
taker  shall  assist'  in  the  public  or  church  funeral  of  any  such  person.  No  undertaker 
shall  use,  or  cause  or  allow  to  be  used,  at  any  funeral  or  in  any  room  where  the  dead 
body  of  any  such  person  shall  be,  any  draperies,  decorations,  rugs,  or  carpets,  belong¬ 
ing  to  or  furnished  by  him  or  under  his  direction.  (S.  C.,  §141.) 

§103.  Public  or  church  funerals  prohibited  where  death  has  been  caused  by 
certain  diseases. 

A  public  or  church  funeral  shall  not  be  held  of  any  person  who  has  died  of  acute 
poliomyelitis  (infantile  paralysis),  Asiatic  cholera,  diphtheria  (croup),  epidemic  cerebro¬ 
spinal  meningitis,  measles,  plague,  scarlet  fever,  smallpox,  typhus  fever,  or  yellow 
fever,  but  the  funeral  o'f  such  person  shall  be  private,  and  it  shall  not  be  lawful 
to  invite  to,  or  permit  at,  the  funeral  of  any  person  who  has  died  of  any  one  of  the 
above  diseases,  or  invite  to  or  permit  at  any  services  connected  therewith,  any  person 
whose  attendance  is  not  necessary,  or  from  or  to  whom  there  is  danger  of  contagion 
thereby.  (S.  C.,  §142.) 

§104.  Cyanide  used  for  fumigating  purposes  regulated. 

No  person  shall  use,  or  cause  to  be  used,  any  hydrocyanic  acid,  cyanogen,  or  cyan¬ 
ide  gas  for  the  purpose  of  fumigating  any  building,  vessel,  or  other  enclosed  space  in 
the  city  of  New  York  without  a  permit  issued  therefor  by  the  board  of  health,  or 
otherwise  than  in  accordance  with  the  terms  of  said  permit,  or  the  regulations  of  said 
board.  (Added  Apr.  25,  1916.) 

§105.  Diagnostic  laboratories  regulated. 

No  laboratory  offering  facilities  for  the  diagnosis  of  communicable  diseases 
shall  be  conducted  or  maintained  in  the  city  of  New  York  without  a  permit  therefor 
issued  by  the  Board  of  Health  or  otherwise  than  in  accordance  with  the  regulations 
of  the  said  board.  (As  adopted  by  the  Board  of  Health,  June  28,  1917.) 

373 


CHAP.  20,  ART.  8,  SEC.  116. 


ARTICLE  8. 


Section  116. 


117. 

118. 

119. 

120. 
121. 
122. 

123. 

124. 

125. 

126. 

127. 

128. 

129. 


Drugs  and  Medicines. 

Drugs ;  manufacture  and  sale  regulated ;  the  terms  “drugs,”  “adul¬ 
terated”,  and  “misbranded”  defined. 

Regulating  the  sale  of  proprietary  and  patent  medicines. 

Drugs,  medicines,  decorations,  and  drinks;  fraudulent  distribution 
prohibited. 

Proprietary  medicines;  distribution  of  samples  regulated, 

The  use  of  living  bacterial  and  other  micro-organisms. 

Free  distribution  of  vaccine  antitoxin,  serum  and  cultures  regulated. 

Poison;  sale  and  distribution  regulated. 

Carbolic  acid ;  sale  regulated. 

Wood  naphtha,  otherwise  known  as  wood  alcohol  or  methyl  alcohol; 
sale  and  distribution  regulated. 

Bichloride  of  mercury;  sale  regulated. 

Habit  forming  drugs ;  sale  and  distribution  regulated. 

Habit  forming  drugs ;  disposing  of  confiscated. 

Hair  dyes  and  other  toilet  preparations;  sale  and  distribution  regu¬ 
lated. 

Condemnation  and  destruction  of  drugs  authorized. 


§116.  Drugs;  manufacture  and  sale  regulated;  the  terms  “drugs”,  “  adulter- 
terated  ”,  and  “  misbranded  ”  defined. 

No  person  shall  manufacture  or  produce,  or  have,  sell,  or  offer  for  sale,  in  the  city 
of  New  York,  any  drug  which  is  adulterated  or  misbranded.  The  term  drug  as  herein 
used  shall  include  all  medicines  for  external  or  internal  use,  or  both.  Drugs  as  herein 
defined  shall  be  deemed  adulterated : 

(1)  If,  when  sold  by  or  under  a  name  recognized  in  the  United  States  Pharma¬ 
copoeia  or  National  Formulary,  it  differs  from  the  standard  of  strength,  quality,  or 
purity  as  stated  in  the  United  States  Pharmacopoeia  or  National  Formulary  at  the 
time  of  investigation. 

(2)  If  its  strength  or  purity  falls  below  the  professed  standard  under  which 
it  is  sold. 

A  drug  shall  be  deemed  misbranded : 

(a)  If  it  is  an  imitation  or  offered  for  sale  under  the  distinctive  name  of  another 
article. 

(b)  If  the  contents  of  the  package  as  originally  put  up  shall  have  been  removed, 
in  whole  or  in  part,  and  other  contents  shall  have  been  placed  in  such  package,  or  if 
the  package  fails  to  bear  a  statement  on  the  label  thereof,  of  the  quantity  or  propor¬ 
tion  of  any  alcohol,  morphine,  opium,  cocaine,  heroin,  alpha  or  beta  eucaine,  chloro¬ 
form,  cannabis  indica,  chloral  hydrate,  or  acetanilid,  or  any  derivative  Or  preparation 
of  any  such  substances  contained  therein. 

(c)  If  the  package  or  label  bear  or  contain  any  statement,  design,  or  device, 
regarding  the  drug  or  its  ingredients,  or  regarding  its  or  their  action  on  diseased 
conditions,  which  statement,  design,  or  device  shall  be  false  or  misleading  in  any 
particular. 

(d)  If  a  box,  bottle,  or  package,  containing  virus,  therapeutic  serum,  toxin,  anti¬ 
toxin,  or  analogous  product,  fails  to  bear  on  the  outside  thereof,  conspicuously,  clearly, 
and  legibly  set  forth,  in  English,  the  proper  name  of  the  substance  therein  contained, 
the  name  and  address  of  the  person,  persons,  firm,  or  corporation  by  whom  or  by  which 
the  said  substance  has  been  prepared,  the  date  beyond  which  the  said  substance  cannot 
be  reasonably  expected  to  produce  the  result  or  results  for  which  it  has  been  prepared, 


374 


SANITARY  CODE. 


\ 

and  (if  such  license  shall  have  been  obtained)  the  United  States  license  number  of  the 
esablishment  in  which  the  said  substance  has  been  prepared;  and,  in  the  case  of  diph¬ 
theria  and  tetanus  antitoxin,  if  the  box,  bottle,  or  package  containing  such  antitoxin 
shall  fail  to  bear  on  the  outside  thereof  conspicuously,  clearly,  and  legibly  set  forth,  in 
English,  the  value  of  the  contents  thereof  as  an  antitoxin,  which  value  shall  be  meas¬ 
ured  according  to  and  stated  in  the  terms  of  some  generally  recognized  standard. 

(e)  If  any  proprietary  or  patent  medicine  to  which  the  provisions  of  §117  of  this 
code  relate  shall  fail  to  contain  every  ingredient,  the  name  of  which  shall  have  been 
filed  in  the  department  of  health  pursuant  to  said  §117  of  this  code  as  a  constituent 
part  of  said  medicine;  or  if  such  proprietary  or  patent  medicine  shall  contain  any 
ingredient,  the  name  of  which  is  required  by  the  provisions  of  §117  of  this  code  to  be 
filed  in  the  said  department,  which  name  has  not  been  so  filed.  The  provisions  of  sub¬ 
division  (e)  shall  take  effect  December  31,  1915.  (S.  C.,  §69,  as  amended  Oct.  26, 
1915.) 

§117.  Regulating  the  sale  of  proprietary  and  patent  medicines. 

No  proprietary  or  patent  medicine  manufactured,  prepared,  or  intended  for  in¬ 
ternal  human  use,  shall  be  held,  offered  for  sale,  sold,  or  given  away,  in  the  city  of 
New  York,  until  the  following  requirements  shall,  in  each  instance,  have  been  met: 

The  names  of  the  ingredients  of  every  such  medicine  to  which  the  therapeutic 
effects  claimed  are  attributed  and  the  names  of  all  other  ingredients,  except  such  as 
are  physiologically  inactive,  shall  be  registered  in  the  department  of  health  in  such 
manner  as  the  regulations  of  the  board  of  health  may  prescribe. 

The  expression  “proprietary  or  patent  medicine,”  for  the  purposes  of  this  section, 
shall  be  taken  to  mean  and  include  every  medicine  or  medicinal  compound,  manu¬ 
factured,  prepared,  or  intended,  for  internal  human  use,  the  name,  composition,  or 
definition  of  which  is  not  to  be  found  in  the  United  States  Pharmacopoeia  or  National 
Formulary,  or  which  does  not  bear  the  names  of  all  of  the  ingredients  to  which  the 
therapeutic  effects  claimed  are  attributed  and  the  names  of  all  other  ingredients,  ex¬ 
cept  such  as  are  physiologically  inactive,  conspicuously,  clearly,  and  legibly  set  forth, 
in  English,  on  the  outside  of  each  bottle,  box,  or  package  in  which  the  said  medicine 
or  medicinal  compound  is  held,  offered  for  sale,  sold,  or  given  away. 

The  provision  of  this  section  shall  not,  however,  apply  to  any  medicine  or  medi¬ 
cinal  compound,  prepared  or  compounded  upon  the  written  prescription  of  a  duly 
licensed  physician,  provided  that  such  prescription  be  written  or  issued  for  a  specific 
person  and  not  for  general  use,  and  that  such  medicine  or  medicinal  compound  be  sold 
or  given  away  to  or  for  the  use  of  the  person  for  whom  it  shall  have  been  prescribed 
and  prepared  or  compounded;  and  provided,  also,  that  the  said  prescription  shall  have 
been  filed  at  the  establishment  or  place  where  such  medicine  or  medicinal  compound 
is  sold  or  given  away,  in  chronological  order  according  to  the  date  of  the  receipt  of 
such  prescription  at  such  establishment  or  place. 

Every  such  prescription  shall  remain  so  filed  for  a  period  of  5  years. 

The  names  of  the  ingredients  of  proprietary  and  patent  medicines,  registered  in 
accordance  with  the  terms  of  this  section,  and  all  information  relating  thereto  or 
connected  therewith,  shall  be  regarded  as  confidential,  and  shall  not  be  open  to  inspec¬ 
tion  by  the  public  or  any  person  other  than  the  official  custodian  of  such  records  in  the 
department  of  health,  such  persons  as  may  be  authorized  by  law  to  inspect  such  records, 
and  those  duly  authorized  to  prosecute  or  enforce  the  federal  statutes,  the  laws  of  the 
state  of  New  York,  both  criminal  and  civil,  and  the  ordinances  of  the  city  of  New 
York,  but  only  for  the  purpose  of  such  prosecution  or  enforcement. 

This  sectio'n  shall  take  effect  December  31,  1915.  (As  amended  Oct.  26,  1915.) 


375 


CHAP.  20,  ART.  8,  SECS.  118-123. 


§118.  Drugs,  medicines,  decoctions,  and  drinks;  fraudulent  representation 
prohibited. 

No  person  shall  make,  prepare,  put  up,  administer,  or  dispense  any  prescription, 
decoction,  or  medicine,  under  any  false  or  misleading  name,  direction,  or  pretense;  nor 
shall  any  ingredient  be  substituted  for  another  in  any  prescription,  nor  shall  any  false 
or  misleading  representation  be  made  by  any  person  to  any  other,  as  to  the  kind, 
quality,  purpose,  or  effect  of  any  drug,  medicine,  decoction,  drink,  or  other  substance, 
offered  or  intended  to  be  taken  as  food  or  medicine.  (S.  C.,  §65.) 

§119.  Proprietary  medicines;  distributions  of  samples  regulated. 

No  person  shall,  in  the  city  of  New  York,  distribute,  free  of  charge,  or  throw 
away  any  nostrum,  proprietary  medicine,  or  other  substance  of  an  alleged  medicinal 
or  curative  character,  intended  for  internal  human  use,  in  any  street  or  public  place, 
or  from  door  to  door,  or  by  depositing  the  same  upon  private  premises. 

The  provisions  of  this  section  shall  not,  however,  apply  to  the  distribution  by  manu¬ 
facturers  or  wholesale  dealers  of  samples  of  any  such  substance  to  physicians  or  to 
the  trade. 

§120.  The  use  of  living  and  other  micro=bacteriaI  organisms. 

The  use  of  living  bacterial  organisms  in  the  inoculation  of  human  beings  for  the 
prevention  or  treatment  of  disease  and  the  sale  or  distribution  of  any  preparation 
containing  living  micro-organisms,  capable  of  causing  infection  in  man  or  animals,  are 
prohibited  until  full  and  complete  data  regarding  the  method  of  use,  including  a 
specimen  of  the  culture  and  other  agents  employed  therewith,  and  a  full  account  of 
the  details  of  preparation,  dosage,  and  administration  shall  have  been  submitted  to 
the  board  of  health  of  the  city  of  New  York,  and  permission  shall  have  been  granted 
in  writing  by  the  said  board  for  such  use,  sale  or  distribution.  (S.  C.,  §148a;  as 
amended  Dec.  21,  1915).. 

§121.  Free  distribution  of  vaccine,  antitoxin,  serum  and  cultures  regulated. 

Any  duly  licensed  physician  who  shall  find  it  necessary  to  administer  any  vaccine, 
antitoxin,  serum,  or  culture  to  a  patient  too  poor,  or  dependent  upon  another  or  others 
too  poor  to  pay  for  such  vaccine,  antitoxin,  serum,  or  culture,  may  receive,  free  of 
charge,  the  requisite  quantity  thereof  upon  application  to  the  department  of  health  or 
any  of  its  duly  authorized  agents,  provided  that  such  physician  shall  sign  a  stipulation 
to  the  effect  that  he  or  she,  as  the  case  may  be,  will  not  exact  or  receive  from  such 
patient  any  pay  for  such  vaccine,  antitoxin,  serum,  or  culture. 

Any  such  physician,  however,  who  shall  exact  or  receive  such  pay  after  having 
signed  such  stipulation  shall  be  deemed  to  have  violated  the  provisions  of  this  section. 

Every  such  stipulation  shall  be  filed  in  the  department  of  health. 

§122.  Poison;  sale  and  distribution  regulated. 

No  person  shall  sell  at  retail  or  give  away  any  poison  without  affixing  or  causing 
to  be  affixed  to  the  bottle,  box,  package,  parcel,  or  receptacle,  containing  such  poison, 
a  label  upon  which  shall  be  printed  in  red  ink,  in  plain  legible  characters,  the  name  of 
the  substance  or  article,  the  word  “POISON,”  the  name  and  place  of  business  of  the 
seller,  or  donor,  if  the  poison  be  given  away,  a  skull  and  crossbones,  the  word 
“CAUTION,”  the  maximum  dose  of  the  poison,  and  the  antidote  therefor. 

The  provisions  of  this  section  shall  not  apply  to  medicinal  compounds  containing 
poisonous  drugs  in  therapeutic  doses  when  the  maximum  dose  of  such  preparation  is 
marked  upon  the  container.  (S.  C.,  §66.) 

§123.  Carbolic  acid;  sale  regulated. 

No  phenol,  commonly  known  as  carbolic  acid,  shall  be  sold  at  retail  by  any  person 
in  the  city  of  New  York,  except  upon  the  written  prescription  of  a  duly  licensed 
physician,  when  in  a  stronger  solution  than  5  per  cent.  (S.  C,  §67.) 

376 


SANITARY  CODE. 


§124.  Wood  naphtha,  otherwise  known  as  wood  alcohol  or  methyl  alcohol; 
sale  and  distribution  regulated. 

No  person  shall  sell,  offer  for  sale,  give  away,  deal  in,  or  supply,  or  have  in  his 
or  her  possession  with  intent  to  sell,  offer  for  sale,  give  away,  deal  in,  or  supply, 
any  article  of  food  or  drink  or  any  medicinal  or  toilet  preparation,  intended  for 
human  use  internally  or  externally,  which  contains  any  wood  naphtha,  otherwise 
known  as  wood  alcohol  or  methyl  alcohol,  either  crude  or  refined,  whatever  may  be 
the  name  or  trade  mark  under  or  by  which  the  said  wood  naphtha  shall  be  called 
or  known. 

No  person  shall  sell,  offer  for  sale,  give  away,  deal  in,  or  supply,  or  have  in  his 
or  her  possession  with  intent  to  sell,  offer  for  sale,  give  away,  deal  in,  or  supply,  any 
wood  naphtha,  otherwise  known  as  wood  alcohol,  or  methyl  alcohol,  either  crude  or 
refined,  whatever  may  be  the  name  or  trade  mark  under  or  by  which  the  said  wood 
naphtha  shall  be  called  or  known,  unless  the  container  in  which  the  same  is  sold, 
offered  for  sale,  given  away,  dealt  in,  or  supplied,  shall  bear  a  notice  containing  the 
following  device  and  words  conspicuously  printed  or  stenciled  thereon,  viz. : 

(Skull  and  crossbones  represented.) 

,  POISON. 

WOOD  NAPHTHA  OR  WOOD  ALCOHOL. 

WARNING — It  is  unlawful  to  use  this  fluid  in  any  article  of  food,  beverage, 
or  medicinal  or  toilet  preparation,  intended  for  internal  or  external  human  use. 
(S.  C,  §66a.) 

§125.  Bichloride  of  mercury;  sale  regulated. 

No  person  shall  sell  or  offer  for  sale,  at  retail,  bichloride  of  mercury,  other¬ 
wise  known  as  corrosive  sublimate,  in  the  dry  form,  except  upon  the  written  pre¬ 
scription  of  a  duly  licensed  physician  or  veterinary  surgeon,  and,  then,  only  in 
tablets  of  a  particularly  distinctive  form  and  color,  labeled  “POISON”  upon  each 
tablet,  and  dispensed  in  sealed  glass  containers  conspicuously  labeled  with  the  word 
“POISON”  in  red  letters. 

This  section  shall  not  apply  to  any  preparation  containing  one-tenth  of  a  grain 
or  less  of  bichloride  of  mercury.  (S.  C.,  §67a.) 

§126.  Habit=formibg  drugs;  sale  and  distribution  regulated. 

No  opium,  morphine,  chloral,  or  cannabis  indica,  or  any  other  substance  giving 
a  physiological  reaction  similar  to  that  of  opium ;  or  any  salts,  algaloids,  or  derivatives, 
of  any  of  the  said  drugs  or  substances;  or  any  preparation,  compound,  or  mixture, 
containing  any  of  the  said  drugs  or  substances  or  their  salts,  alkaloids,  or  derivatives; 
shall  be  sold  at  retail  or  given  away  in  the  city  of  New  York  except  upon  the  written 
prescription  of  a  duly  licensed  physician,  veterinarian,  or  dentist. 

The  foregoing  provisions  shall  not,  however,  apply  to  preparations,  compounds, 
or  mixtures,  containing  any  of  the  aforesaid  drugs  or  substances  or  their  salts, 
alkaloids,  or  derivatives,  prepared  for  external  use  only,  in  the  form  of  liniments, 
ointments,  oleates,  or  plasters.  (S.  C.,  §182.) 

§127.  Habit  forming  drugs;  disposing  of  confiscated. 

All  cocaine,  eucain,  and  other  drugs  and  substances  embraced  within  the  scope 
of  §1746  of  the  Penal  Law  and  all  chloral,  opium,  morphine,  heroin,  codein,  and 
other  drugs  and  substances  embraced  within  the  scope  of  Article  11a  of  the  Public 
Health  Law,  of  which  the  police  department  shall  have  taken  possession  pursuant  to 
the  provisions  of  said  §1746  of  the  Penal  Law  or  said  Article  11a  of  the  Public 
Health  Law,  shall,  when  no  longer  required  for  the  purposes  of  prosecution  or  held 


377 


CHAP.  20,  ART.  8,  SECS.  128,  129. 


pursuant  to  an  order  of  the  court,  be  turned  over  to  the  department  of  health,  and 
shall  be  destroyed  or  otherwise  disposed  of  by  the  said  department  as  the  board  of 
health  shall  direct.  (Added  Aug.  24,  1915.) 

§128.  Hair  dyes  and  other  toilet  preparations;  sale  and  distribution  regulated. 

No  person  shall  sell,  offer  for  sale,  give  away,  deal  in,  or  supply,  or  have  in 
his  or  her  possession  with  intent  to  sell,  offer  for  sale,  give  away,  deal  in,  or  supply, 
any  hair  dye  or  other  toilet  preparation,  intended  for  human  use,  which,  by  reason 
of  the  presence  of  any  ingredient  or  ingredients  therein  contained,  shall  be  detri¬ 
mental  or  injurious  to  health.  (Added  Dec.  21,  1915.) 


§129.  Condemnation  and  destruction  of  drugs  authorized. 

Upon  any  drug  or  medicine  being  found  by  an  inspector  or  other  duly  author¬ 
ized  representative  of  the  department  of  health  in  a  condition  which  renders  it,  in 
his  opinion,  unfit  for  human  use,  externally  or  internally,  or  in  a  condition  or  of 
a  weight,  quality,  or  strength,  forbidden  by  the  provisions  of  the  Sanitary  Code, 
such  inspector  or  duly  authorized  representative  of  the  said  department  is  hereby 
empowered  and  directed  to  immediately  seize  the  said  drug  or  medicine  and  affix 
thereto  a  label  bearing  the  words  “Seized  by  the  Board  of  Health.”  Such  drug  or 
medicine  when  so  labelled  shall  not  be  touched,  disturbed,  sold,  offered  for  sale, 
or  given  away,  but  shall  be  released,  destroyed,  or  otherwise  finally  disposed  of, 
as  the  board  of  health  shall  direct.  (As  adopted  by  the  Board  of  Health  Dec. 
28,  1916.) 

ARTICLE  9. 

Food  and  Drink. 


Section  136. 

137. 

138. 

139. 

140. 

141. 

142. 

143. 

144. 

145. 

146. 

147. 


148. 

149. 

150. 

151. 


Inspection  of  food  and  other  substances  authorized. 

Condemnation  and  destruction  of  animals  and  foods  authorized. 

Possession  of  food  or  drugs,  prima  facie,  deemed  to  be  held  for 
sale. 

Food;  sale  of  adulterated  or  misbranded  prohibited;  the  terms 
“food,”  “adulterated,”  and  “misbranded”  defined. 

Food  and  drink;  not  to  be  sold  under  a  false  name  or  quality. 

Poisonous,  deleterious,  and  unwholesome  substances ;  use  as  food 
prohibited. 

Food;  to  be  protected  from  dust,  dirt,  flies,  or  other  contamination. 

Eating  and  drinking  utensils ;  use  in  common  prohibited ;  the  term 
“public  place”  and  “factory”  defined. 

Cooking,  eating,  and  drinking  utensils  to  be  properly  cleansed  after 
being  used. 

Beverages  and  drinks;  the  use  of  taps,  faucets,  tanks,  fountains,  and 
vessels  regulated. 

Employment  of  persons  affected  with  infectious  or  venereal  diseases 
prohibited. 

Room,  factory,  stall,  place,  and  appurtenances  to  be  kept  in  a  cleanly 
and  wholesome  condition ;  food,  drugs  and  drink  to  be  clean  and 
personal  responsibility  of  owner,  lessee,  occupant,  or  person 
in  charge. 

Manufacture  and  storage  of  food  and  drink  regulated. 

Conduct  and  maintenance  of  restaurants  regulated ;  permit  required. 

The  care  and  sale  of  food  and  drink  in  stores  regulated. 

Unwholesome,  unclean,  watered,  or  adulterated  milk,  skimmed 
milk  and  cream,  and  skimmed  milk,  cream,  butter  or  cheese 
made  therefrom;  possession  and  sale  prohibited. 


378 


SANITARY  CODE . 


Section  152. 

153. 

154. 

155. 


156. 

157. 

158. 

159. 

160. 
161. 
162. 
163, 


164. 

165. 

166. 

167. 

168. 

169. 

170. 

171. 

172. 

173. 


Adulterated  milk,  skimmed  milk  and  cream ;  distribution  prohibited ; 
term  “adulterated”  defined. 

Adulterated  milk,  skimmed  milk  and  cream;  seizure  and  destruction 
authorized. 

Condensed,  and  condensed  skimmed  milk;  possession  and  sale  regu¬ 
lated;  the  term  “adultered”  defined. 

Milk,  skimmed  milk,  cream,  condensed,  or  concentrated  milk,  con¬ 
densed  skim  milk,  and  modified  milk;  sale  regulated;  term  “mod¬ 
ified  milk”  defined;  exception. 

Milk,  skimmed  milk  and  cream;  grades  and  designations. 

Milk,  skimmed  milk  and  cream ;  must  conform  to  grade  standards. 

Buttermilk,  sour  milk,  sour  cream,  and  other  milk  products;  quality 
of  product  regulated. 

Bottles,  cans,  and  other  receptacles  for  holding  milk  and  cream; 
use  regulated  and  restricted. 

Calves,  pigs,  lambs,  fish,  birds,  and  fowl;  sale  regulated. 

Cattle;  not  to  be  killed  while  in  an  overheated  or  feverish  condition. 

Meat  and  dead  animals;  sale  regulated. 

Unhealthy,  unsound,  unwholesome,  and  unsafe  meat,  vegetables  and 
milk;  possession  and  sale  prohibited;  terms  “meat,”  “vegeta¬ 
bles,”  and  “not  sound”  defined. 

Oysters;  sale  regulated. 

Artificial  or  natural  mineral,  spring,  or  other  water;  manufacture 

regulated. 

Public  water  supply;  purity  and  wholesomeness  protected. 

Water;  duties  of  persons  in  authority. 

Water  from  wells;  the  use  thereof  regulated  and  restricted. 

Drinking  hydrants;  water  therefrom  not  to  be  rendered  unwhole¬ 
some. 

Ice  cream;  manufacture  and  bringing  into  the  city  of  New  York, 
regulated. 

Oysters,  sale  of  adulterated  or  misbranded  prohibited. 

Bringing  into  the  city  of  New  York  of  the  carcasses  of  certain 
animals  restricted. 

Adulterated  skimmed  milk ;  distribution  prohibited ;  term  “adul¬ 
terated”  defined. 


§136.  Inspection  of  food  and  other  substances  authorized. 

Dealers  in  food,  drugs,  and  all  other  substances  used  or  intended  to  be  used 
for  human  consumption,  or  for  internal  or  external  human  use,  and  their  agents, 
and  all  persons  engaged  in  the  transportation  thereof,  shall  allow  any  duly  author¬ 
ized  representative  of  the  department  of  health  to  freely  and  fully  inspect  the  cattle, 
meat,  fish,  vegetables,  milk,  and  other  food  or  drugs,  as  well  as  all  other  substances 
used  or  intended  to  be  used  for  human  consumption,  or  for  internal  or  external  human 
use,  held  or  kept  by  them,  or  intended  for  sale.  (S.  C.,  §60.)  (As  amended  by  the 
Board  of  Health,  Dec.  28,  1917.) 

§137.  Condemnation  and  destruction  of  animals  and  food  authorized. 

Upon  any  cattle,  sheep,  swine,  or  other  animals,  fowl  or  other  birds,  meat,  fish, 
vegetables,  or  milk,  or  other  food  or  drink  being  found  by  any  inspector  or  other 
duly  authorized  representative  of  the  department  of  health  in  a  condition  which  ren¬ 
ders  it  or  them,  in  his  opinion,  unfit  for  use  as  human  food,  or  in  a  condition  or  of 
a  weight  or  quality  forbidden  by  provisions  of  the  Sanitary  Code,  such  inspector  or 
other  duly  authorized  representative  of  the  said  department  is  hereby  empowered, 

379 


CHAP.  20,  ART.  9,  SECS.  128,  139. 


and  directed  to  immediately  condemn,  and,  when  possible,  denature  the  same  and  cause 
it  or  them  to  be  destroyed  or  removed  to  the  offal  or  garbage  dock  for  destruction, 
and  report  his  action  to  the  said  department  without  delay. 

And  the  owner  or  person  in  charge  thereof,  when  so  directed  by  an  inspector  or 
other  duly  authorized  representative  of  the  said  department  or  by  an  order  of  the 
sanitary  superintendent,  an  assistant  sanitary  superintendent,  or  the  director  of  the 
bureau  of  food  and  drugs  of  the  said  department,  shall  remove  or  cause  the  same 
to  be  removed  to  the  place  designated  by  such  inspector  or  other  duly  authorized  rep¬ 
resentative,  or  by  the  order  of  said  sanitary  superintendent  or  such  assistant  sanitary 
superintendent,  or  the  director  of  the  bureau  of  food  and  drugs,  and  shall  not  sell, 
offer  to  sell,  or  dispose  of  the  same  for  human  food.  And  when,  in  the  opinion  of  the 
sanitary  superintendent  or  an  assistant  sanitary  superintendent,  or  the  director  of 
the  bureau  of  food  and  drugs,  any  such  meat,  fish,  milk,  vegetables,  or  other  food  or 
drink  shall  be  unfit  for  human  food,  or  any  such  cattle,  sheep,  swine,  or  other  animals, 
or  fowls  or  other  birds,  by  reason  of  disease,  or  exposure  to  contagious  disease,  shall 
be  unfit  for  human  food,  and  in  an  unfit  condition  to  remain  near  other  animals,  or  to 

be  kept  alive,  the  board  of  health  may  direct  the  same  to  be  destroyed,  in  such 

manner  as  the  said  board  shall  designate.  (S.  C,  §58;  as  amended  Dec.  21,  1915.) 

§138.  Possession  of  food  or  drugs,  prima  facie,  deemed  to  be  held  for  sale. 

Food  in  the  possession  of,  or  held,  kept,  or  offered  for  sale  by,  a  dealer  in  food 
shall,  prima  facie,  be  deemed  to  be  held,  kept,  or  offered  for  sale  as  human  food; 
and  drugs  in  the  possession  or,  or  held,  kept,  or  offered  for  sale  by,  a  dealer  in 
drugs  shall,  prima  facie,  be  deemed  to  be  held,  kept,  or  offered  for  sale  for  internal 

or  external  human  use.  (As  amended  by  the  Board  of  Health,  Dec.  28,  1916.) 

§139.  Food;  sale  of  adulterated  or  misbranded  prohibited;  the  terms  “food”, 
“  adulterated  ”,  and  “  misbranded  ”  defined. 

No  person  shall  have,  sell,  or  offer  for  sale  in  the  city  of  New  York  any  food 
which  is  adulterated  or  misbranded.  The  term  food  as  herein  used  shall  include 
every  article  of  food  and  every  beverage  used  by  man  and  all  confectionery. 

Food  as  herein  defined  shall  be  deemed  adulterated : 

(1)  If  any  substance  or  substances  has  or  have  been  mixed  and  packed  with  it 
so  as  to  reduce  or  lower  or  injuriously  affect  its  qauility  or  strength. 

(2)  If  any  inferior  or  cheaper  substance  has  been  substituted  wholly  or  in  part 
for  the  article. 

(3)  If  any  valuable  constituent  of  the  article  has  been  wholly  or  in  part  ab¬ 
stracted. 

(4)  If  it  consists  wholly  or  in  part  of  diseased  or  decomposed  or  putrid  or  rotten 
animal  or  vegetable  substance,  or  any  portion  of  any  animal  unfit  for  food,  or  if  it 
is  a  product  of  a  diseased  animal,  or  one  that  has  died  otherwise  than  by  slaughter. 

(5)  If  it  is  colored  or  coated  or  polished  or  powdered,  whereby  damage  is  con¬ 
cealed  or  it  is  made  to  appear  better  than  it  really  is. 

(6)  If  it  contains  any  added  poisonous  ingredient,  or  any  ingredient  which  may 
render  it  injurious  to  health;  or  if  it  contains  any  antiseptic  or  preservative  not  evident 
and  not  known  to  the  purchaser  or  consumer. 

(7)  If,  in  the  case  of  confectionery,  it  contains  terra  alba,  barytes,  talc,  chrome 
yellow,  or  other  mineral  substance  or  poisonous  color  or  flavor,  or  other  ingredient 
deleterius  or  detrimental  to  health;  or  any  vinous,  malt,  or  spiritous  liquor  or  com¬ 
pound,  or  narcotic  drug. 

(8)  If,  in  the  case  of  spiritous,  fermented,  and  malt  liquors,  it  contains  any  sub¬ 
stance  or  ingredient  which  is  not  normally  present  in  such  liquors,  or  which  may 
he  deleterious  or  detrimental  to  health  when  such  liquors  are  used  as  beverages. 

Food  shall  be  deemed  misbranded : 


380 


SANITARY  CODE. 


(a)  If  it  is  an  imitation  or  offered  for  sale  under  the  distinctive  name  of  another 
article. 

(b)  If  it  is  labeled  or  branded  so  as  to  deceive  or  mislead  the  purchaser,  or 
purports  to  be  a  foreign  product  when  not  so ;  or  if  the  contents  of  the  package,  as 
originally  put  up,  shall  have  been  removed  in  whole  or  in  part  and  other  contents  shall 
have  been  placed  in  such  package;  or  if  it  fails  to  bear  a  statement  on  the  label 
of  the  quantity  or  proportion  of  any  morphine,  opium,  co’caine,  heroin,  alpha  or  beta 
eucaine,  chloroform,  cannabis  indica,  chloral  hydrate,  or  acetanilid,  or  any  derivative 
or  preparation  of  any  such  substances  contained  therein. 

(c)  If  in  package  form  and  the  contents  are  stated  in  terms  of  weight  or  measure, 
such  weight  or  measure  is  not  plainly  and  correctly  stated  on  the  outside  of  the 
package. 

(d)  If  the  package  or  its  label  shall  bear  any  statement,  design,  or  device,  re¬ 
garding  the  ingredients  or  the  substances  contained  therein,  which  statement,  design, 
or  device  shall  be  false  or  misleading  in  any  particular. 

Provided,  that  an  article  of  food  which  does  not  contain  any  added  poisonous  or 
deleterious  ingredient  shall  not  be  deemed  to  be  adulterated  or  misbranded  in  the  fol¬ 
lowing  cases : 

First.  In  the  case  of  mixtures  or  compounds  which  may  be  now  or  from  time  to 
time  hereafter  known  as  articles  of  food,  under  their  own  distinctive  names,  and  not 
an  imitation  of  or  offered  for  sale  under  the  distinctive  name  of  another  article,  if  the 
name  be  accompanied  on  the  same  label  or  brand  with  a  statement  of  the  place  where 
said  article  has  been  manufactured  or  produced. 

Second.  In  the  case  of  articles  labeled,  branded,  or  tagged,  so  as  to  plainly  indi¬ 
cate  that  they  are  compounds,  imitations,  or  blends,  the  word  “compound,”  “imita¬ 
tion”,  or  “blend”,  as  the  case  may  be,  being  plainly  stated  on  the  package  in  which 
it  is  offered  for  sale;  provided,  that  the  term  “blend”,  as  herein  used  shall  be  con¬ 
strued  to  mean  a  mixture  of  like  substances,  not  excluding  harmless  coloring  or 
flavoring  ingredients  used  for  the  purpose  of  coloring  and  flavoring  only. 

And  provided  further,  that  nothing  in  this  section  shall  be  construed  as  requiring 

or  compelling  proprietors  or  manufacturers  of  proprietary  foods,  which  contain  no 
unwholesome  added  ingredient,  to  disclose  their  trade  formulas,  except  in  so  far  as 
the  provisions  of  this  section  may  require  to  secure  freedom  from  adulteration  or 
misbranding.  .  (S.  C„  §68.) 

§140.  Food  and  drink;  not  to  be  sold  under  a  false  name  or  quality. 

No  meat,  fish,  fruit,  vegetables,  eggs,  milk,  or  other  food  or  drink  shall  be  sold, 

held,  or  offered  for  sale,  under  a  false  name  or  quality,  nor  shall  any  food  or  drink 
which  is  not  wholesome,  sound,  and  safe  for  human  consumption.,  be  represented  as 
being  wholesome,  sound,  or  safe  for  human  consumption.  (S.  C..  §48.) 

§141.  Poisonous,  deleterious  and  unwholesome  substances;  use  as  food  pro¬ 
hibited. 

No  person,  being  the  owner,  lessee,  manager,  or  in  charge  of  any  place  in  which 
food  or  drink  is  produced,  manufactured,  prepared,  packed,  stored,  distributed,  offered 
for  sale,  or  sold  shall,  therein  or  ihereat,  offer  or  have,  for  food  or  drink,  or  to  be 
eaten  or  drunk,  any  poisonous,  deleterious,  or  unwholesome  substance,  or  allow  any¬ 
thing  to  be  done  or  to  occur,  therein  or  thereat,  dangerous  to  life  or  prejudicial  to 
health.  (S.  C.,  §47.) 

§142.  Food;  to  be  protected  from  dust,  dirt,  flies,  or  other  contamination. 

No  food  intended  for  human  consumption  shall  be  kept,  sold,  offered  for  sale,  dis- 
'  played,  or  transported,  unless  protected  from  dust,  dirt,  flies,  and  other  contamination ; 
nor  shall  any  food  intended  for  human  consumption  be  deposited  or  allowed  to  remain 

381 


CHAP.  20,  ART.  9,  SECS.  143-146. 


within  a  distance  of  2  feet  above  the  surface  of  any  sidewalk,  street,  alley,  or  other 
public  place,  or  the  floor  of  any  building  where  exhibited,  unless  the  same  shall  be 
contained  in  boxes  or  other  receptacles,  so  as  to  be  protected  from  dogs  and  other 
animals  and  their  excretions.  (S.  C.,  §46.) 

§143.  Eating  and  drinking  utensils;  use  in  common  prohibited;  the  term 
“  public  place  ”  and  “  factory  ”  defined. 

The  use  of  common  eating  or  drinking  utensils  in  any  public  place,  park,  street 
or  avenue,  public  institution,  lodging-house,  hotel,  theatre,  factory,  school,  public  hall, 
railroad  car,  ferry  boat,  railway  station,  or  ferry  house,  or  the  furnishing  of  any  such 
common  eating  or  drinking  utensils  for  use  in  any.  such  place  is  hereby  prohibited. 

The  term  “public  place”  as  used  herein  shall  be  construed  to  include: 

(a)  Any  place  where  goods,  wares,  o'r  merchandise  are  sold  or  offered  for  sale; 

(b)  Any  department,  bureau,  building,  or  office,  of  a  municipal  corporation. 

The  term  “factory”  as  used  herein  shall  be  construed  to  include  any  workshop  or 
manufacturing  or  business  establishment  where  persons  are  employed  at  labor.  (S.  C., 
§189.) 

§144.  Cooking,  eating,  and  drinking  utensils  to  be  properly  cleansed  after 
being  used. 

All  utensils  used  in  the  preparation,  service,  and  sale  of  any  food  or  drink,  in¬ 
tended  for  human  consumption,  shall  be  properly  cleansed  after  being  used,  and  no  such 
utensil  shall,  under  any  circumstances,  be  used  a  second  time  unless  it  shall  have 
been,  after  the  previous  use  thereof,  so  cleansed.  In  such  cleansing,  the  use  of  water 
which  has  become  insanitary  by  previous  use  is  prohibited. 

The  term  “properly  cleansed”  as  herein  used  shall  be  taken  to  mean  cleansing 
after  each  use  in  a  solution  of  soap  powder  or  soda  in  hot  water  and  the  employment 
of  friction  supplied  by  means  of  a  brush  or  other  suitable  implement,  followed  by 
rinsing  in  clean  hot  water;  by  sterilization;  or  by  so'me  other  equally  effective  method. 
(S.  C.  §49b;  amended  May  31,  1916.) 

§145.  Beverages  and  drinks;  the  use  of  taps,  faucets,  tanks,  fountains,  and 
vessels  regulated. 

In  the  manufacture,  sale,  or  keeping  for  sale,  of  any  beverage  or  drink,  no  person 
shall  keep  or  use  any  tap,  faucet,  tank,  fountain,  or  vessel,  or  any  pipe  or  conduit,  in 
connection  therewith,  which  shall  be  composed  or  made,  either  wholly,  or  in  part,  of 
lead,  or  other  metal  or  metallic  substances  that  are  or  will  be  affected  by  liquids  so 
that  dangerous,  unwholesome,  or  deleterious  compounds  are  formed  therein  or  thereby, 
or  such  that  beer,  soda  water,  syrups,  or  other  liquids,  or  any  beverage,  drink,  or 
flavoring  material  drawn  therefrom  shall  be  unwholesome,  dangerous,  or  detrimental 
to  health.  (S.  C.,  §51.) 

§146.  Employment  of  persons  affected  with  infectious  or  venereal  disease 
prohibited. 

No  person  who  is  affected  with  any  infectious  disease,  or  with  any  venereal  dis¬ 
ease  in  a  communicable  form  shall  work  or  be  permitted  to  work  in  any  place  where 
food  or  drink  is  prepared,  cooked,  mixed,  baked,  exposed,  bottled,  packed,  handled, 
stored,  manufactured,  offered  for  sale,  or  sold.  Whenever  required  by  a  medical  in¬ 
spector  or  other  duly  authorized  physician  of  the  department  of  health,  or  by  an  order 
of  the  sanitary  superintendent,  the  director  of  the  bureau  of  food  and  drugs,  or 
the  director  of  the  bureau  of  preventable  diseases  of  the  said  department,  any  person 
employed  in  any  such  place  shall  submit  to  a  physical  examination  by  a  physician 
in  the  employ  of  the  said  department.  Such  persons,  however,  may,  in  their  discre¬ 
tion,  be  examined  by  their  own  private  physicians  provided  such  examinations  are  per¬ 
formed  in  accordance  with  the  regulations  of  the  board  of  health.  No  person  who  re- 

382 


SANITARY  CODE . 


fuses  to  submit  tcy  such  examination  shall  work  or  be  permitted  to  work  in  any  such 
place.  (Amended  Dec.  21,  1915,  and  April  25,  1916.) 

§147.  Room,  factory,  stall,  place,  and  appurtenances  to  be  kept  in  a  cleanly 
and  wholesome  condition;  food,  drugs  and  drink  to  be  clean  and 
wholesome,  and  not  poisoned,  infected,  or  rendered  unsafe;  personal 
responsibility  of  owner,  lessee,  occupant,  or  person  in  charge. 

Every  person  being  the  owner,  lessee,  occupant,  or  in  charge  of  any  room, 
stall,  factory,  premises,  or  place,  where  any  food  or  drink  intended  for  human 
consumption,  or  drugs  intended  for  internal  or  external  human  use,  shall  be  manu¬ 
factured,  prepared,  stored,  kept,  held,  or  offered  for  sale,  shall  put  and  keep  such 
room,  stall,  factory,  premises,  or  place,  and  its  appurtenances,  in  a  cleanly  and 
wholesome  condition,  and  every  person  having  charge,  or  interested  or  engaged, 
whether  as  principal  or  agent,  in  the  care  or  in  respect  to  the  custody  or  sale,  of 
any  food  or  drink  intended  for  human  consumption,  or  drugs  intended  for  internal 
or  external  human  use,  shall  put  and  preserve  the  same  in  a  cleanly  and  wholesome 
condition,  and  shall  not  allow  the  same,  or  any  part  thereof,  to  become  poisoned, 
infected,  or  -rendered  unsafe  or  unwholesome  for  human  food  or  drink  or  for 
internal  or  external  human  use.  (S.  C.,  §49.)  (As  amended  by  the  Board  of 
Health,  Dec.  28,  1916.) 

§148.  Manufacture  and  storage  of  food  and  drink  regulated. 

No  building,  room,  or  place,  where  food  or  drink  is  prepared,  cooked,  mixed, 
baked,  exposed,  bottled,  packed,  handled,  stored,  or  manufactured,  shall  be  con¬ 
ducted,  operated,  maintained,  or  used  otherwise  than  in  accordance  with  the  regu¬ 
lations  of  the  board  of  health. 

§149.  Conduct  and  maintenance  of  restaurants  regulated;  permit  required. 

No  person  shall  conduct,  operate,  or  maintain  any  restaurant  in  the  city  of 
New  York  without  a  permit  therefor  issued  by  the  board  of  health  or  otherwise 
than  in  accordance  with  the  terms  of  said  permit  and  the  regulations  of  said  board. 
The  term  “restaurant,”  as  herein  used,  shall  be  taken  to  mean  and  include  every 
buffet,  lunch  room,  grill  room,  lunch  counter,  dining-room  of  hotel,  and  every  other 
public  place  where  food  is  served,  sold  and  consumed  on  the  premises,  every  lunch 
counter  in  a  saloon  where  food  is  sold  or  given  away,  and  all  kitchens  appurtenant 
thereto  or  connected  therewith.  (As  amended  by  the  Board  of  Health  Jan.  30,  1917.) 

§150.  The  care  and  sale  of  food  and  drink  in  stores  regulated. 

No  grocery  store,  butcher  store,  delicatessen  store,  confectionery  store,  bakery 
store,  milk  store,  butter  and  egg  store,  fruit  and  vegetable  store,  fish  store,  or  other 
place  where  food  or  drink  is  handled,  stored,  offered  for  sale,  or  sold,  shall  be  con¬ 
ducted  or  maintained  otherwise  than  in  accordance  with  the  regulations  of  the  board 
of  health. 

§151.  Unwholesome,  unclean,  watered  or  adulterated  milk,  skimmed  milk  and 
cream  and  skimmed  milk,  cream,  butter  or  cheese  made  therefrom; 
possession  and  sale  prohibited. 

No  persons  shall  have  at  any  place  where  milk,  skimmed  milk,  cream,  butter 
or  cheese  is  kept  for  sale,  or  at  any  place  sell,  deliver,  offer  or  have  for  sale  or  keep 
for  use,  nor  shall  any  person  bring  or  send  to  the  city  of  New  York  any  milk, 
skimmed  milk  or  cream  which  is  unwholesome,  unclean,  watered  or  adulterated 
or  milk  known  as  “swill  milk”  or  milk  from  cows  or  other  animals  that  have  been 
fed  in  whole  or  in  part  on  swill,  distillery  waste  or  any  substance  in  a  state  of 
putrefaction  or  in  any  way  unwholesome,  or  milk  from  sick  or  diseased  cows  or 
other  animals,  or  any  cream,  skimmed  milk,  butter  or  cheese  made  from  any  such 
milk  or  any  unwholesome  butter  or  cheese.  (S.  C.  §52.)  (As  amended  by  the 
Board  of  Health,  June  28,  1917.) 


383 


CHAP.  20,  ART.  9,  SECS.  152,  153. 


§152.  Adulterated  milk  and  cream;  distribution  prohibited;  term  “  adulter¬ 
ated  ”  defined. 

No  milk  which  is  adulterated,  reduced  or  changed  in  any  respect  by  the  addi¬ 
tion  of  water  or  other  substance  or  by  the  removal  of  cream  shall  be  brought  into 
the  city  of  New  York  or  held,  kept,  sold  or  offered  for  sale  at  any  place  in  said 
city;  nor  shall  any  person  or  corporation  keep,  have,  sell  or  offer  for  sale  in  the 
said  city  any  such  milk. 

No  cream  which  is  adulterated  shall  be  brought  into  the  city  of  New  York  or 
held,  kept,  sold  or  offered  for  sale  in  said  city,  nor  shall  any  person  or  corporation 
keep,  have,  sell  or  offer  for  sale  in  said  city  any  such  cream.  The  term  “cream” 
shall  be  taken  to  mean  that  portion  of  milk  represented  in  milk  fat  which  rises  to 
the  surface  of  milk  on  standing  or  is  separated  from  it  by  centrifugal  force. 

Milk  or  cream  in  the  possession  of  or  held,  kept  or  offered  for  sale  by  a  dealer 
in  food  shall  prima  facie  be  deemed  to  be  held,  kept  and  offered  for  sale  as  human 
food. 

The  term  “adulterated”  shall  be  taken  to  mean  and  include: 

First.  Milk  containing  more  than  eighty-eight  and  one-half  per  centum  of  water 
or  fluids. 

Second.  Milk  containing  less  than  eleven  and  one-half  per  centum  of  milk  solids. 

Third.  Milk  containing  less  than  eight  and  one-half  per  centum  of  solids  not  fat. 

Fourth.  Milk  from  which  any  part  of  the  cream  has  been  removed. 

Fifth.  Milk  containing  less  than  three  per  centum  of  fats. 

Sixth.  Cream  which  contains  less  than  eighteen  per  centum  of  butter  fat. 

Seventh.  Milk  or  cream  from  milk  which  has  been  drawn  from  animals  within 
fifteen  days  before  or  five  days  after  parturition. 

Eighth.  Milk  or  cream  from  milk  which  has  been  drawn  from  animals  fed  on 
distillery  waste  or  any  substance  in  a  state  of  putrefaction  or  on  any  unwholesome 
food. 

Ninth.  Milk  or  cream  from  milk  which  has  been  drawn  from  cows  kept  in  a 
crowded  or  unhealthy  condition. 

Tenth.  Milk  or  cream  which  has  been  diluted  with  water  or  any  other  fluid 
or  to  which  has  been  added  or  into  which  has  been  introduced  any  foreign  substance 
whatever. 

Eleventh.  Milk  or  cream,  the  temperature  of  which  is  higher  than  50  degrees 
Fahrenheit  or  which  contains  an  excessive  number  of  bacteria.  This  requirement  in¬ 
cludes  “Grade  C'  Milk”  that  has  been  pasteurized. 

Twelfth.  Milk  or  cream  from  milk  which  is  produced  in  violation  of  the  regu¬ 
lations  of  the  board  of  health. 

The  provisions  of  this  section  shall  not  be  applicable,  however,  to  modified  milk 
held  or  offered  for  sale  under  permit  therefor  issued  by  the  board  of  health  or  to 
skimmed  milk.  The  provisions  of  this  section  shall,  however,  apply  to  cream  sold 
under  any  foreign  name  meaning  cream,  such  as  smeteny,  crema  and  rahm,  and 
to  all  cream  products  and  preparations  such  as  homogenized  products  and  milk 
curds.  The  provisions  concerning  temperature  and  bacterial  content  shall  not  apply 
to  sour  cream.  (S.  C.,  §53.)  (As  amended  by  the  Board  of  Health,  June  28,  1917.) 

§153.  Adulterated  milk,  skimmed  milk  and  cream;  seizure  and  destruction 
authorized. 

Any  milk,  skimmed  milk  or  cream  found  to  be  adulterated  which  has  been 
brought  into  the  city  of  New  York  or  is  held  or  offered  for  sale  in  said  city  may  be 
seized  and  destroyed  by  any  inspector  or  other  officer  of  the  department  of  health 
authorized  to  inspect  the  said  milk  or  cream.  (S.  C.,  §54.)  (As  amended  by  the 
Board  of  Health,  June  28,  1917.) 


384 


SANITARY  CODE. 


§154.  Condensed,  and  condensed  skimmed,  milk;  possession  and  sale  regu¬ 
lated;  the  term  “adulterated”  defined. 

No  condensed  milk  made  from  milk  produced  and  handled  under  conditions  not 
conforming  at  least  to  the  requirements  of  those  designated  for  Grade  C.,  or  which  is 
adulterated,  shall  be  brought  into  the  city  o'f  New  York  or  held,  kept,  sold  or  offered 
for  sale,  at  any  place  in  said  city,  nor  shall  any  person  or  corporation  have,  keep, 
sell,  or  offer  for  sale  in  said  city  any  such  condensed  milk.  The  term  “adulterated”, 
when  used  in  this  section,  refers  to  condensed  milk  in  which  the  amount  of  fat  is  less 
than  25  per  centum  of  the  milk  solids  contained  therein,  or  to  which  any  foreign 
substance  whatever  has  been  added,  excepting  sugars,  as  in  preserved  milks. 

The  provisions  of  this  section  shall  not  be  applicable,  as  regards  the  amount  of 
fat,  to  condensed  skimmed  milk  held  or  offered  for  sale  under  a  permit  therefor  issued 
by  the  board  of  health.  (S.  C.,  §55.) 

§155.  Milk,  skimmed  milk,  cream,  condensed,  or  concentrated  milk,  con¬ 
densed  skimmed  milk,  and  modified  milk;  sale  regulated;  term 
“modified  milk”  defined;  exception. 

No  milk,  skimmed  milk  or  cream,  condensed  or  concentrated  milk,  condensed 
skimmed  milk  or  modified  milk  shall  be  held,  kept,  offered  for  sale,  sold  or  deliv¬ 
ered  in  the  city  of  New  York  without  a  permit  issued  therefor  by  the  board  of 
health  or  otherwise  than  in  accordance  with  the  terms  of  said  permit  and  with  the 
regulations  of  said  board. 

By  the  term  “modified  milk”  is  meant  milk  of  any  subdivision  of  the  classifica¬ 
tion  known  as  “Grade  A :  for  Infants  and  Children,”  which  has  been  changed  by 
the  addition  of  water,  sugar  of  milk  or  other  substance  intended  to  render  the  milk 
suitable  for  infant  feeding. 

The  provisions  of  this  section  shall  not  apply  to  milk,  skimmed  milk  or  cream 
sold  in  hotels,  restaurants  and  retail  stores  nor  to  condensed  milk  or  condensed 
skimmed  milk  when  contained  in  hermetically  sealed  cans.  (S.  C.,  §56.)  (As 
amended  by  the  Board  of  Health,  Dec.  21,  1915,  and  further  amended  June  28,  1917.) 

§156.  Milk,  skimmed  milk  and  cream;  grades  and  designations. 

All  milk,  skimmed  milk  or  cream  held,  kept,  offered  for  sale,  sold  or  delivered 
in  the  city  of  New  York  shall  be  so  held,  kept,  offered  for  sale,  sold  or  delivered 
in  accordance  with  the  regulations  of  the  board  of  health  and  under  any  of  the 
following  grades  or  designations  and  not  otherwise: 

“Grade  A :  For  Infants  and  Children” : 

1.  Milk,  skimmed  milk,  or  cream  (raw). 

2.  Milk,  skimmed  milk,  or  cream  (pasteurized). 

“Grade  B  :  For  Adults”  : 

1.  Milk,  skimmed  milk,  or  cream  (pasteurized). 

“Grade  C:  For  Cooking  and  Manufacturing  Purposes  Only”: 

1.  Milk,  skimmed  milk  or  cream  not  conforming  to  the  requirements  of  any 
of  the  subdivisions  of  Grade  A  or  Grade  B  and  which  has  been  pasteur¬ 
ized  according  to  the  regulations  of  the  board  of  health  or  boiled  for  at 
least  two  (2)  minutes. 

“Condensed  Skimmed  Milk.” 

“Condensed  or  Concentrated  Milk.” 

The  provisions  of  this  section  shall  apply  to  milk,  skimmed  milk  or  cream  used 
for  the  purpose  of  producing  or  used  in  preparation  of  sour  milk,  buttermilk,  homo¬ 
genized  milk,  milk  curds,  sour  cream,  smeteny,  kumyss,  matzoon,  zoolak  and  other 
similar  products  or  preparations,  provided  that  any  such  product  or  preparation 
be  held,  kept,  offered  for  sale,  sold  or  delivered  in  the  city  of  New  York.  (S.  C., 
§56a.)  (As  amended  by  the  Board  of  Health,  June  28,  1917.) 

385 


CHAP.  20,  ART.  9,  SECS.  157-163. 


§157.  Milk,  skimmed  milk  and  cream;  must  conform  to  grade  standards. 

All  milk,  skimmed  milk  or  cream  held,  kept,  offered  for  sale,  sold  or  delivered 
in  the  city  of  New  York  shall  conform  in  character  to  the  standards  and  require¬ 
ments  set  forth  in  section  156  of  this  code  as  applicable  to  the  particular  grade  under 
which  such  milk  or  cream  shall  be  held,  kept,  offered  for  sale,  sold  or  delivered. 
(As  amended  by  the  Board  of  Health,  June  28,  1917.) 

§158.  Buttermilk,  sour  milk,  sour  cream,  and  other  milk  products;  quality  of 
product  regulated. 

Buttermilk,  sour  milk,  sour  cream,  kumyss,  matzoon,  zoolak,  and  similar  products 
shall  not  be  made  from  any  milk  or  cream  of  a  less  grade  than  that  designated  for 
grade  B  and  shall  be  pasteurized  before  being  put  through  a  process  of  souring  or 
fermentation.  Sour  cream  shall  not  contain  a  less  percentage  of  fat  than  that  desig¬ 
nated  for  cream.  (S.  C.,  §57.) 

§159.  Bottles,  cans,  and  other  receptacles  for  holding  milk,  skimmed  milk  and 
cream;  use  regulated  and  restricted. 

It  shall  be  the  duty  of  all  persons  having  in  their  possession  bottles,  cans  or 
other  receptacles  containing  milk,  skimmed  milk  or  cream  which  are  used  in  the 
transportation  or  delivery  of  milk,  skimmed  milk  or  cream,  to  clean  or  cause  them 
to  be  cleaned  immediately  upon  emptying. 

No  person  shall  use  or  cause  or  allow,  to  be  used  any  receptacle  which  is  used 
in  the  transportation  and  delivery  of  milk,  skimmed  milk  or  cream  for  any  purpose 
whatsoever  other  than  the  holding  of  milk,  skimmed  milk  or  cream;  nor  shall  any 
person  receive  or  have  in  his  possession  any  such  receptacle  which  has  not  been 
washed  after  holding  milk,  skimmed  milk  or  cream  or  which  is  unclean  in  any  way. 
(S.  C.,  §183.)  (As  amended  by  the  Board  of  Health,  June  28,  1917.) 

§160.  Calves,  pigs,  lambs,  fish,  birds,  and  fowl;  sale  regulated. 

No  calf,  or  the  meat  thereof,  shall  be  brought  into  the  city  of  New  York,  or 
held,  sold,  or  offered  for  sale  for  human  food,  which,  when  killed,  was  less  than  4 
weeks  old.  No  pig,  or  the  meat  thereof,  shall  be  brought  into  the  city  of  New  York, 
or  held,  sold,  or  offered  for  sale  for  human  food,  which,  when  killed,  was  less  than 
5  weeks  old.  No  lamb,  or  the  meat  thereof,  shall  be  brought  into  the  city  of  New 
York,  or  held,  sold,  or  offered  for  sale  for  human  food,  which,  when  killed,  was 
less  than  8  weeks  old.  Nor  shall  any  meagre,  sickly,  or  unwholesome  fish,  birds, 
or  fowl  be  brought  into  said  city  or  held,  sold,  or  offered  for  sale  for  human  food 
therein.  (S.  C.,  §43;  as  amended  Dec.  21,  1915.) 

§161.  Cattle;  not  to  be  killed  while  in  an  overheated,  or  feverish  condition. 

No  cattle  shall  be  killed  for  human  food  while  in  an  overheated,  or  feverish 
condition.  (S.  C.,  §44.) 

§162.  Meat  and  dead  animals;  sale  regulated. 

No  meat  or  dead  animal  above  the  size  of  a  rabbit  shall  be  taken  to  any  public 
or  private  market,  nor  shall  any  such  meat  or  dead  animal  be  stored  or  held,  kept, 
offered  for  sale,  or  sold  in  any  such  place  until  the  same  shall  have  been  fully  cooled 
after  killing,  nor  until  the  entrails  and  feet  (except  of  poultry  and  game  and  except 
the  feet  of  swine)  shall  have  been  removed.  (S.  C.,  §45.) 

§163.  Unhealthy,  unsound,  unwholesome,  and  unsafe  meat,  vegetables  and 
milk;  possession  and  sale  prohibited;  terms  “meat”,  “vegetables”, 
and  “  not  sound  ”  defined. 

No  meat,  vegetables,  or  milk,  not  being  then  healthy,  fresh,  sound,  wholesome, 
or  safe  for  human  food,  nor  the  meat  of  any  animal  that  died  by  disease  or  accident, 
shall  be  brought  into  the  city  of  New  York  or  held,  kept,  offered  for  sale,  or  sold 

386 


SANITARY  CODE. 


as  such  food,  or  kept  or  stored,  anywhere  in  said  city.  The  term  “meat.”  as  herein 
used,  shall  include  fish,  birds,  eggs,  and  fowl;  the  term  “vegetables”  shall  include 
any  product,  substance,  or  article  used  as  and  for  human  food  other  than  milk  or 
meat;  the  term  “not  sound”  shall  include  any  vegetable  that  is  wormy.  For  the 
purpose  of  this  section,  any  meat,  vegetables,  or  milk  in  possession  of,  or  held,  kept, 
or  offered  for  sale  by,  a  dealer  in  food,  shall,  prima  facie,  be  deemed  to  be  held, 
kept  and  offered  for  sale  as  human  food.  (S.  C.,  §42.) 

§164.  Oysters;  sale  regulated. 

No  oysters  shall  be  brought  into,  or  held,  kept,  or  offered  for  sale  anywhere  in, 
the  city  of  New  York,  without  a  permit  therefor  issued  by  the  board  of  health  or 
otherwise  than  in  accordance  with  the  terms  of  said  permit  and  with  the  regulations 
of  said  board.  (S.  C.,  §185.) 

§165.  Artificial  or  natural  mineral,  spring,  or  other  waters;  manufacture 
regulated. 

It  shall  be  the  duty  of  every  wholesale  dealer,  manufacturer,  importer,  or  other 
person  who  manufactures  or  imports,  or  sells  at  wholesale  in  the  city  of  New  York, 
any  artificial  or  natural  mineral,  spring,  or  other  water,  for  drinking  purposes,  to 
file,  under  oath,  with  the  department  of  health,  the  name  of  such  water  and  the 
exact  location  from  which  it  is  obtained,  the  chemical  analysis  and  the  bacteriological 
examination  thereof,  and,  when  manufactured,  the  name  of  every  substance  or  ele¬ 
ment  entering  into  its  composition. 

No  person  shall  manufacture  or  bottle  any  mineral,  carbonated,  or  table  water, 
in  the  city  of  New  York,  without  a  permit  issued  therefor  by  the  board  of  health 
or  otherwise  than  in  accordance  with  the  terms  of  said  permit  and  with  the  regula¬ 
tions  of  said  board.  No  permit  will  be  required,  however,  where  the  city  water 
supply  is  conducted  through  closed  pipes  and  connected  with  a  carbonated  apparatus, 
from  which  it  is  dispensed  direct  to  the  consumer,  without  coming  in  contact  with 
the  air,  and  not  handled  in  any  way.  (S.  C-,  §59.) 

§166.  Public  water  supply;  purity  and  wholesomeness  protected. 

No  person  shall  throw  or  allow  to  run  or  pass  into  any  public  reservoir,  water- 
pipe,  or  aqueduct,  or  into  or  upon  any  border  or  margin  thereof,  or  any  excavation  or 
stream  therewith  connected,  any  animal,  vegetable,  or  mineral  substance  whatever; 
nor  shall  any  person  (having  the  power  or  right  to  prevent  the  same)  do  or  permit 
any  act  or  thing  that  will  impair  or  imperil  the  purity  or  wholesomeness  of  any 
water  or  other  fluid  used  or  intended  to  be  used  as  a  drink,  in  any  part  of  said  city; 
nor  shall  any  person  bathe  or  (except  in  the  discharge  of  a  public  duty)  put  any 
part  of  his  person  into  such  water,  nor  shall  any  unauthorized  person  open  any  erec¬ 
tion  or  unscrew  any  hydrant  holding  such  water.  (S.  C.,  §61.) 

§167.  Water;  duties  of  persons  in  authority. 

It  shall  be  the  duty  of  every  person,  official,  department,  and  board,  having  any 
authority  and  control  in  regard  to  any  water  intended  for  human  consumption  (and 
within  the  proper  sphere  of  the  duty  of  each  thereof),  to  take  all  usual  and  also  all 
reasonable  measures  and  precautions  to  secure  and  preserve  the  purity  and  whole¬ 
someness  of  such  water.  (S.  G,  §62.) 

§168.  Water  from  wells;  the  use  thereof  regulated  and  restricted. 

Water  from  wells  in  the  borough  of  Manhattan  shall  not  be  used,  in  the  city  of 
New  York,  for  drink;  nor  shall  water  from  wells  in  the  borough  of  Manhattan  be 
used  for  any  other  purpose  in  any  tenement,  lodging-house,  hotel,  manufactory  or 
building,  in  which  persons  are  living  or  employed,  or  in  which  there  are  offices,  or 
a  restaurant  or  saloon,  in  the  city  of  New  York,  without  a  permit  therefor  issued  by 

387 


CHAP.  20,  ART.  9,  SECS.  169-172. 


the  board  of  health  or  otherwise  than  in  accordance  with  the  terms  of  said  per¬ 
mit  and  the  regulations  of  the  said  board.  Water  from  wells  in  the  other  boroughs 
of  said  city,  other  than  the  public  water  supply,  shall  not  be  used  in  any  tenement 
or  lodging-house,  hotel,  manufactory,  or  building,  in  which  persons  are  living  or 
employed,  or  in  which  there  are  offices,  or  a  restaurant  or  saloon,  without  a  permit 
therefor  issued  by  the  board  of  health  or  otherwise  than  in  accordance  with  the 
terms  of  said  permit  and  the  regulations  of  the  said  board.  (S.  C.,  §63.) 

§169.  Drinking  hydrants;  water  therefrom  not  to  be  rendered  unwholesome. 

No  person  shall  destroy  or  in  anywise  injure  or  impair  any  drinking  hydrant,  or 
part  thereof,  in  the  city  of  New  York;  nor  shall  any  person  interfere  with  the  use 
or  enjoyment  of  the  water  therein  or  therefrom,  or  interrupt  the  flow  thereof;  nor, 
shall  any  person  put  any  dirty,  poisonous,  medicinal,  or  noxious  substance  into  or 
near  said  water  or  hydrant,  whereby  such  water  is  made  or  may  be  regarded  as 
dangerous  or  unwholesome  as  a  drink.  (S.  C.,  §64.) 

§170.  Ice  cream;  manufacture  in  and  bringing  into  the  city  of  New  York 
regulated. 

No  ice  cream  shall  be  manufactured  in  or  brought  into  the  city  of  New  York 
for  sale  without  a  permit  therefor  issued  by  the  board  of  health,  or  otherwise  than 
in  accordance  with  the  terms  of  said  permit  and  with  the  regulations  of  said  board* 
( Added  May  31.  1916.) 

§171.  Oysters,  sale  of  adulterated  or  misbranded  prohibited. 

No  person  shall  bring  into  the  city  of  New  York,  or  have,  sell,  or  offer  for  sale 
oysters  which  are  adulterated  or  misbranded. 

/  Oysters  shall  be  deemed  adulterated : 

1.  If,  after  removal  from  the  shell,  they  have  been  subjected  to  a  process 
whereby  their  solid  content  is  decreased  or  their  volume  increased. 

2.  If  grown,  floated  or  cleansed  in  contaminated  water  so  as  to  render  them 
unfit  for  food. 

3.  If  they  consist,  wholly  or  in  part,  of  diseased,  decomposed,  putrid,  or  rotten 
animal  or  vegetable  substance. 

4.  If  they  contain  any  antiseptic  or  preservative  injurious  to  health. 

5.  If  they  are  floated  in  water  of  a  lower  salinity  than  the  water  in  which  they 
are  grown. 

6.  If  any  substance  or  substances  has  or  have  been  mixed  and  packed  with  them 
so  as  to  reduce  or  lower  or  injuriously  affect  their  quality  or  strength. 

Oysters  shall  be  deemed  misbranded : 

(a)  If  they  are  labeled  or  branded  so  as  to  deceive  or  mislead  the  purchaser. 

(b)  If  the  container  or  its  label  shall  bear  any  statement,  design,  or  device, 
regarding  the  oysters  or  the  other  ingredients  contained  therein,  which  statement, 
design,  or  device  shall  be  false  or  misleading  in  any  particular.  (As  adopted  by  the 
Board  of  Health,  Jan.  30,  1917.) 

§172.  Bringing  into  the  city  of  New  York  of  the  carcasses  of  certain  animals 
restricted. 

No  carcasses  or  parts  of  the  carcasses  of  cows,  bulls,  steers  or  swine  shall  be 
brought  into  the  City  of  New  York  until  they  shall  respectively  have  been  inspected 
and  passed  as  fit  for  human  food  by  a  duly  authorized  inspection  of  the  United 
States  government  or  of  any  state  or  municipality  and  shall  have  been  marked, 
stamped,  branded,  tagged  or  labeled  as  having  been  so  inspected  and  passed.  Pro¬ 
vided,  however,  the  provisions  of  this  section  shall  not  apply  to  the  carcasses  of 
cows,  bulls,  steers  or  swine  to  which  are  attached,  by  their  natural  connections,  the 
head,  including  the  tongue,  lungs,  the  liver,  the  heart,  the  pleura,  the  peritoneum 
and  all  body  lymph  glands.  (As  adopted  by  the  Board  of  Health,  June  28,  1917.) 

388 


SANITARY  CODE. 


§173.  Adulterated  skimmed  milk;  distribution  prohibited;  term  “adulterated” 
defined. 

No  skimmed  milk  which  is  adulterated  shall  be  brought  into  the  city  of  New 
York  or  held,  kept,  sold  or  offered  for  sale  in  said  city;  nor  shall  any  person  or 
corporation  keep,  have,  sell  or  offer  for  sale  in  the  said  city  any  such  skimmed  milk. 

The  term  “skimmed  milk”  shall  be  taken  to  mean :  Milk  from  which  all  or 
part  of  the  cream  has  been  removed. 

For  the  purpose  of  this  section  any  skimmed  milk  in  possession  of  or  held,  kept 
or  offered  for  sale  by  a  dealer  in  food  shall  prima  facie  be  deemed  to  be  held,  kept 
and  offered  for  sale  as  human  food. 

The  term  “adulterated”  shall  be  taken  to  mean  and  include: 

First.  Skimmed  milk  containing  less  than  eight  per  centum  of  milk  solids  other 
than  fat. 

Second.  Skimmed  milk  from  milk  which  has  been  drawn  from  animals  within 
fifteen  days  before  or  five  days  after  parturition. 

Third.  Skimmed  milk  from  milk  which  has  been  drawn  from  animals  fed  on 
distillery  waste  or  any  substance  in  a  state  of  putrefaction  or  on  any  unwholesome 
food. 

Fourth.  Skimmed  milk;  from  milk  which  has  been  drawn  from  cows  kept  in 
a  crowded  or  unhealthy  condition. 

Fifth.  Skimmed  milk  which  has  been  diluted  with  water  or  any  other  fluid 
or  to  which  has  been  added  or  into  which  has  been  introduced  any  foreign  substance 
whatever. 

Sixth.  Skimmed  milk,  the  temperature  of  which  is  higher  than  50  degrees 
Fahrenheit  or  which  contains  an  excessive  number  of  bacteria. 

Seventh.  Skimmed  milk  from  milk  which  is  produced  in  violation  of  the  regu¬ 
lations  of  the  Board  of  health.  (As  adopted  by  the  Board  of  Health,  June  28,  1917.) 


ARTICLE  10. 
General  Provisions. 


Section  181. 
182. 

183. 

184. 

185. 

186. 

187. 

188. 
189. 


Misfeasance  and  nonfeasance. 

Contractors  must  comply  with  provisions  of  the  sanitary  code. 
Nuisances;  conditions  dangerous  or  prejudicial  to  life  or  health; 

duties  of  persons  responsible. 

Regulations  and  orders;  to  be  observed  and  obeyed. 

Abatement  of  nuisances. 

Interfering  with  or  obstructing  an  inspector. 

False,  untruthful,  or  misleading  statements. 

Affidavit  of  chemist;  presumptive  evidence  of  facts. 

Notices  not  to  be  mutilated  or  torn  down. 


§181.  Misfeasance  and  nonfeasance. 

No  person  shall,  knowingly,  or  carelessly  or  negligently  do  or  contribute  to  the 
doing  of,  any  act  dangerous  to  the  life  or  detrimental  to  the  health  of  any  human 
being,  provided,  however,  that  the  foregoing  provisions  of  this  section  shall  not  apply 
to  a  necessary  act  authorized  by  law;  nor  shall  any  person  omit  to  do  any  reasonable 
and  proper  act,  or  take  any  reasonable  or  proper  precaution,  to  protect  human  life 
and  health.  (S.  C.,  §8.) 

§182.  Contractors  must  comply  with  provisions  of  the  sanitary  code. 

Every  contractor,  to  whom  reference  is  made  in  the  sanitary  code,  and  every 
person  who  shall  have  contracted  or  undertaken,  or  shall  be  bound,  to  do,  or  shall 
be  engaged  in  doing,  any  of  the  things  to  which  any  of  the  provisions  of  the  sanitary 
code  relate,  shall  comply  with  all  provisions  of  the  said  code  applying  to  the  work 

389 


CHAP.  20,  ART.  10,  SECS.  183-189. 


undertaken  or  to  be  undertaken;  and  he  shall  not  be  excused  for  non-compliance 
with  any  of  the  said  provisions  because  of  any  direction  given  by  any  other  person. 
IS.  C,  §9.) 

§183.  Nuisances;  conditions  dangerous  or  prejudicial  to  life  or  health;  duties 
of  persons  responsible. 

It  is  hereby  declared  to  be  the  duty  of  every  owner,  part  owner,  lessee,  tenant, 
and  occupant,  of,  or  person  interested  in,  any  place,  water,  ground,  room,  stall,  apart¬ 
ment,  building,  erection,  vessel,  vehicle,  matter  and  thing  in  the  city  of  New  York 
and  of  every  person  conducting  or  interested  in  business  therein  or  thereat,  and  of 
every  person  who  has  undertaken  to  clean  any  place,  ground,  or  street,  in  the  said 
city,  and  of  every  person,  public  officer,  and  department,  having  charge  of  any 
ground,  place,  building,  or  erection,  in  the  said  city,  to  keep,  place,  and  preserve  the 
same  and  the  sewerage,  drainage,  and  ventilation  thereof  in  such  condition,  and  to 
conduct  the  same  in  such  manner  that  it  shall  not  be  a  nuisance  or  be  dangerous  or 
prejudicial  to  life  or  health.  The  term  “  building,”  as  used  in  this  section,  includes 
a  railway  car,  booth,  tent,  shop  or  other  erection  or  enclosure.  (S.  C.,  §10.) 

§184.  Regulations  and  orders;  to  be  observed  and  obeyed. 

No  person  shall  violate,  or  refuse  or  neglect  to  comply  with,  any  regulation  or 
order  of  the  board  of  health,  made  for  carrying  into  effect  the  provisions  of  this 
code,  the  powers  of  the  said  board,  or  the  laws  of  this  state;  and  the  violation  of, 
or  the  refusal  or  neglect  to  comply  with,  any  such  regulation  or  order  which  relates  to 
the  provisions  of  any  section  of  this  code  shall  be  deemed  a  violation  of  such  section. 
(S.  C.,  §11.) 

§185.  Abatement  of  nuisances. 

Whenever,  in  any  place  or  on  any  premises  in  the'  city  of  New  York,  a  nuisance 
shall  have  been  found,  or  declared  by  resolution  of  the  board  of  health  to  exist, 
and  an  order  shall  have  been  made  directing  the  owner,  lessee,  tenant,  or  occupant  of 
such  place  or  premises  to  make  suitable  and  necessary  repairs  or  improvements,  or 
to  abate  the  said  nuisance,  such  repairs  or  improvements  shall  be  made,  and  such 
nuisance  shall  be  fully  abated,  within  the  time  specified  in  said  order.  (S.  C.,  §14.) 

§186.  Interfering  with  or  obstructing  an  inspector. 

No  person  shall  interfere  with  or  obstruct  any  inspector  or  other  duly  authorized 
representative  of  the  department  of  health  when  making  the  inspections  or  exam¬ 
inations  required  by  the  board  of  health,  or  when  executing  its  orders.  (S.  C.,  §12.) 

§187.  False,  untruthful,  or  misleading  statements. 

No  person  shall  make  any  false,  untruthful,  or  misleading  statement  in  any  appli¬ 
cation  for  a  permit  from  the  board  of  health.  (S.  C.,  §15.) 

§188.  Affidavit  of  chemist;  presumptive  evidence  of  facts. 

Every  affidavit,  duly  signed  and  acknowledged,  of  a  chemist,  analyst,  or  other 
expert,  employed  by  the  board  of  health  of  the  department  of  health  of  the  city  of 
New  York,  relating  to  any  analysis,  examination,  or  investigation,  made  by  such 
chemist,  analyst,  or  expert  in  respect  to  any  matter,  product,  or  thing,  which  the 
said  board  has  authority  to  examine  or  investigate,  or  may  cause  to  be  examined  or 
investigated,  shall  be  presumptive  evidence  of  the  facts  therein  set  forth.  (S.  C., 
§69a.) 

§189.  Notices  not  to  be  mutilated  or  torn  down. 

No  person  shall  interfere  with  or  obstruct,  mutilate,  or  tear  down,  any  notice  of 
the  department  of  health  posted  in  or  on  any  oremises  in  the  city  of  New  York. 
(S.  C,  §137.) 


390 


SANITARY  CODE. 


ARTICLE  11. 


Midwifery  and  Care  of  Children. 


Section  196. 

197. 

198. 

199. 

200. 


Practice  of  midwifery  regulated. 

Board  and  care  of  children  regulated. 

Day  nurseries;  conduct  thereof  regulated. 

Vaccination;  duties  of  parents,  guardians,  and  others. 
Physical  care  of  school  children. 


§196.  Practice  of  midwifery  regulated. 

No  person,  other  than  a  duly  licensed  physician,  shall  practice  midwifery  in  the 
city  of  New  York  without  a  permit  therefor  issued  by  the  board  of  health,  or  other¬ 
wise  than  in  accordance  with  the  terms  of  said  permit  and  with  the  regulations  of 
said  board.  (S.  C.,  §184.) 


§197.  Board  and  care  of  children  regulated. 

No  person,  other  than  a  superintendent  of  the  poor,  a  superintendent  of  almshouses, 
or  an  institution  duly  incorporated  for  the  purpose,  shall  receive,  board  or  keep, 
except  under  legal  commitment,  any  nursing  child,  or  any  child  under  the  age  of  12 
years,  who  is  not  a  relative,  pupil,  or  ward,  or  an  apprentice,  of  such  person,  without 
a  permit  therefor  issued  by  the  board  of  health,  or  otherwise  than  in  accordance  with 
the  terms  of  said  permit  and  with  the  regulations  of  said  board.  (S.  C.,  §191. } 

§198.  Day  nurseries;  conduct  thereof  regulated. 

No  day  nursery  shall  be  conducted  in  the  city  of  New  York  without  a  permit 
therefor  issued  by  the  board  of  health,  or  otherwise  than  in  accordance  with  the 
terms  of  said  permit  and  with  the  regulations  of  said  board.  (S.  G,  §25.) 

§199.  Vaccination;  duties  of  parents,  guardians,  and  others. 

Every  person,  being  the  parent  or  guardian,  or  having  the  care,  custody,  or  con¬ 
trol,  of  any  minor,  or  other  individual,  shall  (to  the  extent  of  any  means,  powers,  and 
authority  of  said  parent,  guardian,  or  other  person  that  could  properly  be  used  or 
exerted  for  such  purpose)  cause  such  minor  or  individual  to  be  so  promptly,  fre¬ 
quently,  and  effective  vaccinated  that  such  minor  or  individual  shall  not  take,  or  be 
liable  to  take  the  small-pox.  (S.  C.,  §147.) 

§200.  Physical  care  of  school  children. 

A  health  certificate,  prepared  in  accordance  with  the  regulations  of  the  depart¬ 
ment  of  health  and  signed  by  a  duly  licensed  physician  authorized  to  practice  medi¬ 
cine  in  the  state  of  New  York,  shall  be  furnished  by  each  pupil  at  the  time  of  his  or 
her  admission  to  a  public  or  other  free  school  supported  in  whole  or  in  part  by  funds 
obtained  from  direct  taxation. 

If  any  such  pupil  shall  not  present  a  health  certificate,  as  required  herein,  the 
principal  or  teacher  in  charge  of  the  school  shall  cause  a  notice  to  be  promptly  sent 
to  the  parent,  guardian,  or  other  person  having  the  care,  custody,  or  control  of  such 
pupil  to  the  effect  that,  if  the  required  health  certificate  be  not  presented  within  10 
days  thereafter,  a  physical  examination  of  such  pupil  will  be  made  by  a  medical 
inspector  of  the  department  of  health. 

Every  principal  or  teacher,  in  charge  of  a  public  or  other  free  school  supported 
in  whole  or  in  part  by  funds  obtained  from  direct  taxation,  shall  report  to  the  medical 
inspector  of  the  department  of  health  having,  jurisdiction  over  the  health  of  the  pupils 
in  such  school  the  names  of  all  pupils  who  shall  not  have  furnished  such  health  cer¬ 
tificate  within  10  days  following  the  date  of  the  sending  of  such  notice. 


391 


CHAP.  20,  ART.  12,  SECS.  211-213. 


ARTICLE  12. 


Section  211. 
212. 

213. 

214. 

215. 

216. 

217. 

218. 

219. 

220. 
222. 
223. 


Miscellaneous  Provisions. 

Discharge  of  dense  smoke  prohibited. 

Nuisance  caused  by  the  discharge  or  escape  of  cinders,  dust,  gas, 
steam,  or  offensive  or  noisome  odors  prohibited. 

Spitting  forbidden. 

Use  of  common  towels  prohibited. 

Noise  from  animals  and  birds  prohibited. 

Smoking  in  subway  prohibited. 

Establishment  and  maintenance  of  tents  and  camps  regulated. 
Physicians  required  to  register  in  the  department  of  health. 
Nurses. 

Hospitals;  permit  required;  exception. 

Schools;  permits  required. 

Dispensaries,  communicable  disease ;  regulations. 


§211.  Discharge  of  dense  smoke  prohibited. 

No  person  shall  cause,  suffer  or  allow  dense  smoke  to  be  discharged  from  any 
building,  vessel,  stationary  or  locomotive  engine  or  motor  vehicle,  place  or  premises 
within  the  city  of  New  York  or  upon  the  waters  adjacent  thereto,  within  the  juris¬ 
diction  of  said  city.  All  persons  participating  in  any  violation  of  this  provision,  either 
as  proprietors,  owners,  tenants,  managers,  superintendents,  captains,  engineers,  fire¬ 
men  or  motor  vehicle  operators  or  otherwise,  shall  be  severallv  liable  therefor. 
(S.  C.,  §181.) 


§212.  Nuisance  caused  by  the  discharge  or  escape  of  cinders,  dust,  gas,  steam, 
or  offensive  or  noisome  odors  prohibited. 

The  owners,  lessees,  tenants,  occupants  and  managers  of  every  building,  vessel  or 
place,  in  or  upon  which  a  locomotive  or  stationary  engine,  furnace  or  boilers  are 
used,  shall  cause  all  ashes,  cinders,  rubbish,  dirt  and  refuse  to  be  removed  to  some 
proper  place  so  that  the  same  shall  not  accumulate,  nor  shall  any  person  cause,  suffer 
or  allow  cinders,  dust,  gas,  steam,  or  offensive  or  noisome  odors  to  escape  or  be  dis¬ 
charged  from  any  such  building,  vessel  or  place,  to  the  detriment  or  annoyance  of 
any  person  or  persons  not  being  therein  or  thereupon  engaged.  (S.  C..  §96.) 


§213.  Spitting  forbidden. 

Spitting  upon  the  sidewalk  of  any  public  street,  avenue,  park,  public  square,  or 
place  in  the  city  of  New  York,  or  upon  the  floor  of  any  hall  in  any  tenement  house 
which  is  used  in  common  by  the  tenants  thereof,  or  upon  the  floor  of  any  hall  or 
office  in  any  hotel  or  lodging  house  which  is  used  in  common  by  the  guests  thereof, 
or  upon  the  floor  of  any  theatre,  store,  factory,  or  of  any  building  which  is  used  in 
common  by  the  public,  or  upon  the  floor  of  any  ferryboat,  railroad  car,  or  other 
public  conveyance,  or  upon  the  floor  of  any  ferryhouse,  depot,  or  station,  or  upon 
the  station  platform  or  stairs  of  any  elevated  railroad  or  other  common  carrier,  or 
into  the  street  from  the  cars,  stairs,  or  platform  of  such  elevated  railroads,  is 
forbidden. 

The  corporations  or  persons  owning  or  having  the  management  or  control  of 
any  such  building,  store,  factory,  ferryboat,  railroad  car,  or  other  public  conveyance, 
ferryhouse,  depot  or  station,  or  station  platform  or  stairs  of  any  elevated  railroad  or 
other  common  carrier,  shall  keep  permanently  and  conspicuously  posted  in  each  of 
said  places  a  sufficient  number  of  notices  forbidding  spitting  upon  the  floors  and 
calling  attention  to  the  provisions  of  this  section. 

It  shall  be  the  duty  of  every  owner,  lessee,  or  manager  of  every  factory,  work¬ 
room,  store,  office,  or  place  of  business,  in  which  10  or  more  persons  are  employed, 

392 


SANITARY  CODE. 


to  provide  proper  receptacles  for  expectoration.  Such  receptacles  are  to  be  provided 
in  the  proportion  of  1  for  every  2  persons  so  employed,  and  they  are  to  be  cleansed 
and  disinfected  at  least  once  in  every  24  hours. 

A  copy  of  the  preceding  paragraph  shall  be  kept  posted  in  a  conspicuous  place  in 
every  such  factory,  workroom,  store,  office,  or  place  of  business.  (S.  G,  §178.) 

§214.  Use  of  common  towels  prohibited. 

No  person,  firm,  or  corporation  having  the  management  and  control  of  any  public 
lavatory,  public  washroom,  or  public  comfort  station  shall  maintain  in  or  about  such 
lavatory,  washroom,  or  public  comfort  station,  any  towel  or  towels  for  use  in  common. 

The  terms  “public  lavatory,”  “public  washroom,”  and  “public  comfort  stations,” 
as  used  herein,  shall  be  construed  to  mean  and  include  any  such  place  when  belonging 
to  or  provided  in  connection  with  a  railroad  station,  ferryhouse,  school,  hotel,  theatre, 
concert  hall,  dance  hall,  department  store,  cafe,  restaurant,  or  a  beer,  wine,  or  liquoi 
saloon. 

The  term  “for  use  in  common,”  as  employed  herein,  shall  be  construed  to  mean, 
for  the  use  of  or  intended  to  be  used  by,  more  than  1  person. 

The  term  “department  store,”  as  used  herein,  shall  be  construed  to  mean  and 
include  any  place  where  goods,  wares,  or  merchandise  are  offered  for  sale,  when  per¬ 
sons  entering  such  place  are  given  and  allowed  access  to  a  lavatory  or  washroom,  or 
comfort  station,  maintained  on  or  in  connection  with  the  store  premises. 

The  term  “corporation”  as  used  herein  shall  be  construed  to  mean  and  include  a 
municipal  corporation.  (S.  C,  §190.) 

§215.  Noise  from  animals  and  birds  prohibited. 

No  person  owning,  occupying,  or  having  charge  of  any  building  or  premises,  shall 
keep  or  allow  thereon  or  therein  any  animal  or  bird,  which  shall  by  noise  disturb  the 
quiet  or  repose  of  any  person  therein  or  in  the  vicinity,  to  the  detriment  of  the  life 
or  health  of  such  person.  (S.  C,  §187.) 

§216.  Smoking  in  subway  prohibited. 

Smoking  or  carrying  any  lighted  cigar,  cigarette,  or  pipe,  in  or  on  any  stairway, 
platform,  station,  or  car,  of  any  railway  running  underneath  the  ground  surface,  is 
hereby  prohibited.  (S.  C,  §187.) 

§217.  Establishment  and  maintenance  of  tents  and  camps  regulated. 

No  tent  shall  be  raised  or  erected  or  any  camp  established,  in  the  city  of  New 
York,  to  be  used  or  occupied  by  any  persons  as  a  place  for  living  or  sleeping,  nor  shall 
any  such  tent  or  camp  be  so  used  or  occupied  without  a  permit  therefor  issued  by 
the  board  of  health,  or  otherwise  than  in  accordance  with  the  terms  of  said  permit 
and  with  the  regulations  of  said  board.  (S.  C,  §186.) 

§218.  Physicians  required  to  register  in  the  department  of  health. 

Every  physician  practicing  in  the  city  of  New  York  shall  register  his  or  her  name 
and  address,  and  every  change  of  address,  in  the  office  of  the  bureau  of  records  of  the 
department  of  health.  (S.  C,  §160.) 

§219.  Nurses. 

No  person,  other  than  one  who  shall  have  received  from  the  regents  of  the  Uni¬ 
versity  of  the  State  of  New  York  a  certificate  of  his  or  her  qualifications  to  practice  as 
a  registered  nurse,  shall  assume  the  title,  registered  nurse,  or  use  the  abbreviation,  R.  N., 
or  any  other  letters  or  words  or  figures,  to  indicate  that  such  person  is  a  registered 
nurse.  No  person,  other  than  one  who  shall  have  graduated,  after  a  course  of  training 
of  not  less  than  2  years’  duration,  from  a  hospital  training  school  for  nurses,  shall 
practice  as  or  hold  himself  or  herself  out  to  be  or  be  by  anyone  held  out  or  repre¬ 
sented  to  be  a  trained,  graduate  or  certified  nurse,  or  use  any  letters,  words,  figures  or 


393 


CHAP.  20,  ART.  12,  SECS.  220-223. 


device  to  indicate  that  such  person  is  a  trained,  graduate  or  certified  nurse.  (As 
amended  by  resolution  of  board  of  health,  adopted  March  30,  1915;  filed  with  the  city 
clerk,  April  13,  1915.) 

§220.  Hospitals;  permit  required;  exceptions. 

No  person,  persons,  or  corporation,  other  than  those  specifically  authorized  by  law, 
shall  conduct  or  maintain  any  public  or  private  hospital  or  institution  wherein  human 
beings  may  be  treated  or  cared  for  by  a  physician  or  midwife,  without  a  permit  therefor 
issued  by  the  board  of  health  or  otherwise  than  in  accordance  with  the  terms  of  said 
permit  and  with  the  regulations  of  said  board.  (S.  C.,  §184.) 

§222.  Schools;  permits  required. 

No  school  for  children,  other  than  those  under  the  jurisdiction  of  thev  department 
of  education  of  the  city  of  New  York,  shall  be  established  or  maintained  in  the  city 
of  New  York  without  a  permit  therefor,  issued  by  the  board  of  health,  or  otherwise 
than  in  accordance  with  the  terms  of  said  permit  and  the  regulations  of  said  board. 
For  the  purposes  of  this  section,  the  terms  “children”  shall  be  taken  to  mean  and 
include  all  human  beings  under  16  years  of  age.  The  provisions  of  this  section  shall 
take  effect  September  1,  1916.  (Added  December  21,  1915.) 

§223.  Dispensaries — communicable  disease  ;  regulations. 

No  public  dispensary  where  communicable  diseases  are  treated  or  diagnosed  shall 
be  conducted  or  maintained  otherwise  than  in  accordance  with  the  regulations  of 
the  board  of  health.  (As  adopted  by  the  Board  of  Health,  June  28,  1917.) 


Section  231. 

232. 

233. 

234. 

235. 

236. 

237. 

238. 

239. 

240. 

241. 

242. 

243. 

244. 

245. 

246. 


ARTICLE  13. 

Offensive  Materials. 

Offensive  water  or  other  liquid  or  substance;  not  permitted  on 
premises  or  grounds. 

Offensive  matter  or  substances;  accumulation  thereof  not  to  be  dis¬ 
turbed  in  certain  periods  of  year ;  permit  required. 

Stinking,  noxious  liquids;  not  to  fall  into  or  upon  any  public  place. 

Blood,  butcher’s  offal  or  garbage,  dead  animals,  and  putrid  or  stink¬ 
ing  animal  or  vegetable  matter;  disposal  restricted. 

Contents  of  vaults,  privies,  cisterns,  cesspools,  and  sinks ;  creation  of 
nuisances  prohibited. 

Disinfection  and  removal  of  contents  of  sinks,  privies,  vaults,  and  all 
other  noxious  substances. 

Vaults,  sinks,  privies,  and  cesspools;  use  thereof  limited. 

Transportation  of  garbage  on  boats  and  scows  to  Barren  Island  regu¬ 
lated. 

Transportation  of  offal  and  butcher’s  refuse  regulated. 

Transportation  of  manure,  swill,  ashes,  garbage,  and  offal  regulated. 

Collection  and  transportation  of  bones,  refuse,  and  offensive  ma¬ 
terials  regulated. 

Accumulations  of  manure,  offal,  garbage,  and  other  offensive  and 
nauseous  substances;  retention  and  disposal  regulated. 

Removal  of  dead  or  diseased  animals  and  filthy,  offensive,  and 
noxious  substances  regulated. 

Carts,  vehicles,  and  implements  to  be  kept  in  an  inoffensive  and 
sanitary  condition ;  use  of  same  regulated. 

Ships,  boats,  and  other  vessels;  not  allowed  at  dock  or  pier  unless 
permitted. 

The  use  of  docks,  piers,  and  bulkheads  regulated. 

394 


SANITARY  CODE. 


Section  247. 

248. 

249. 

250. 

251. 

252. 

253. 


Refuse  from  oyster-houses,  oyster-saloons,  and  other  premises; 
method  of  disposal  of  refuse  regulated;  nuisances  prohibited. 

Ashes,  garbage,  and  liquid  substances ;  separate  receptacles  to  be  pro¬ 
vided;  duties  of  owners,  lessees,  and  agents;  removal;  special 
provisions  applicable  to  borough  of  Richmond. 

Receptacles  for  ashes,  garbage,  and  liquid  substances  not  to  be  inter¬ 
fered  with  or  contents  disturbed. 

Ashes,  garbage,  and  rubbish;  method  of  removal  regulated. 

Vacant  lots;  accumulation  of  water  thereon  prohibited;  fence  to  be 
provided,  if  sunken ;  throwing  and  depositing  offensive  material 
into  such  lots  prohibited. 

Filling  in  land;  offensive  and  unwholesome  materials  not  to  be  used; 
the  use  of  street  sweeping  for  filling  in  purposes  forbidden. 

Lime,  ashes,  coal,  dry  sand,  hair,  feathers,  like  substances,  and  other 
materials  not  to  be  sieved,  agitated,  or  exposed. 


§231.  Offensive  water  or  other  liquid  or  substance;  not  permitted  on  premises 
or  grounds. 

No  person  or  corporation  shall  permit  or  have  any  offensive  water  or  other  liquid 
or  substance  on  his,  her,  or  its,  premises  or  grounds  to  the  prejudice  of  life  or  health, 
whether  for  use  in  any  trade  or  otherwise.  (S.  C.,  §88.) 

§232.  Offensive  matter  or  substances;  accumulations  thereof  not  to  be  dis¬ 
turbed  in  certain  periods  of  year;  permit  required. 

No  ground  or  material  filled  with  or  containing  offensive  matter  or  substance,  or 
that  will  emit  or  allow  to  arise  through  or  from  the  same  any  offensive  smell  or 
deleterious  exhalation,  shall  (adjacent  to  or  within  the  built-up  portion  of  the  city  of 
New  York)  be  opened  or  turned  up,  nor  shall  the  surface  thereof  be  removed,  between 
the  first  day  of  May  and  the  first  day  of  October  of  any  year,  without  a  permit  therefor 
issued  by  the  board  of  health  or  otherwise  than  in  accordance  with  the  terms  of  said 
permit  and  with  the  regulations  of  said  board.  (S.  C.,  §99.) 

§233.  Stinking,  noxious  liquids;  not  to  fall  into  or  upon  any  public  place. 

No  swill,  brine,  urine  of  animals,  or  other  offensive  animal  matter,  or  any  stinking 
or  noxious  liquid,  or  other  filthy  matter  of  any  kind,  shall  by  any  person  be  allowed  to 
run  or  fall  into  or  upon  any  street  or  public  place,  or  be  taken  or  put  therein.  (S.  C., 
§102.) 

§234.  Blood,  butcher’s  offal  or  garbage,  dead  animals,  and  putrid  or  stinking 
animal  or  vegetable  matter;  disposal  restricted. 

No  blood,  butcher’s  offal  or  garbage,  or  any  dead  animal,  or  any  putrid  or  stinking 
animal  or  vegetable  matter,  shall  be  thrown  by  any  person  or  allowed  to  go  into  any 
street,  place,  sewer,  or  receiving  basin,  any  river  or  standing  or  running  water,  or  ex¬ 
cavation,  or  any  ground  or  premises  in  the  built-up  portions  of  the  City.  (S.  C.,  §103.) 

§235.  Contents  of  vaults,  privies,  cisterns,  cesspools,  and  sinks;  creation  of 
nuisances  prohibited. 

No  person  shall  deposit,  or  allow  to  run  or  go  into  or  remain  in  any  street  or  other 
public  place  in  the  city  of  New  York,  or  deposit,  or  allow  to  run  or  go  (except  through 
the  proper  underground  sewers)  into  any  river  or  other  body  of  water  within  the 
territorial  limits  of  the  said  city,  the  contents  (or  any  part  thereof)  of  any  vault,  privy, 
cistern,  cesspool,  or  sink;  nor  shall  any  owner,  tenant,  or  occupant,  of  any  building  to 
which  any  vault,  sink,  privy,  or  cesspool  shall  pertain  or  be  attached,  permit  the  con¬ 
tents,  or  any  part  thereof,  to  flow  therefrom  or  to  rise  within  2  feet  of  any  part 
of  the  top  thereof,  or  said  contents  to  become  offensive;  nor  shall  any  vault,  privy, 

395 


CHAP.  20,  ART.  13,  SECS.  236-242. 


cistern,  cesspool,  or  sink  be  filled  or  covered  with  dirt  until  it  shall  have  been  emptied 
of  its  filthy  contents.  (S.  C,  §104.) 

§236.  Disinfection  and  removal  of  contents  of  sinks,  privies,  vaults,  and  all 
other  noxious  substances. 

All  putrid  or  offensive  matter,  all  night  soil,  the  contents  of  all  sinks,  privies, 
vaults,  and  cesspools,  and  all  noxious  substances,  shall,  before  their  removal  or  ex¬ 
posure,  be  disinfected  and  rendered  inoffensive  by  the  owner,  lessee,  or  occupant  of 
the  premises  where  the  same  may  be,  or  by  the  person  or  contractor  who  removes  or 
is  about  to  remove  the  same;  and  no  part  of  the  contents  of  any  vault,  privy,  sink, 
or  cesspool  shall  be  removed  without  a  permit  therefor  issued  by  the  board  of  health, 
or  otherwise  than  in  accordance  with  the  terms  of  said  permit  and  with  the  regulations 
of  said  board.  (S.  C.,  §122.) 

§237.  Vaults,  sinks,  privies,  and  cesspools;  use  thereof  limited. 

No  person  shall  throw  or  deposit  into  any  vault,  sink,  privy,  or  cesspool,  any 
offal,  ashes,  meat,  fish,  garbage,  or  other  substance  except  that  of  which  any  such 
place  is  the  appropriate  receptacle.  (S.  C.,  §105.) 

§238.  Transportation  of  garbage  on  boats  and  scows  to  Barren  Island  regu¬ 
lated. 

No  boat,  scow,  or  other  receptacle,  used  in  transporting  garbage  to  Barren  Island 
or  the  place  of  disposal  shall  be  permitted  to  remain  moored  or  be  at  any  dock,  wharf, 
or  place,  within  the  limits  of  the  city  of  New  York,  for  a  longer  period  than  24 
hours  from  the  time  when  garbage  is  first  delivered  or  placed  thereon.  Garbage 
shall  be  received  on  and  transported  in  such  boat,  scow,  or  other  receptacle  in  a 
manner  approved  by  the  board  of  health  and  not  otherwise.  (S.  C.,  §123.) 

§239.  Transportation  of  offal  and  butcher’s  refuse  regulated. 

No  offal  or  butcher’s  refuse  or  garbage  shall  be  conveyed  through  any  street  or 
avenue  or  over  any  ferry  in  the  city  of  New  York  without  a  permit  therefor  issued 
by  the  board  of  health  or  otherwise  than  in  accordance  with  the  terms  of  said  permit 
and  with  the  regulations  of  said  board. 

No  offal  or  butcher’s  refuse  shall  be  brought  into  the  city  of  New  York.  (S.  C., 
§87.) 

§240.  Transportation  of  manure,  swill,  ashes,  garbage,  and  offal  regulated. 

No  person  shall  engage  in  the  business  of  transporting  manure,  swill,  ashes, 
garbage,  offal,  or  any  offensive  or  noxious  substance,  or  drive  any  cart  for  such  pur¬ 
pose,  in  the  city  of  New  York,  without  a  permit  therefor  issued  by  the  board  of  health 
or  otherwise  than  in  accordance  with  the  terms  of  said  permit  and  with  the  regula¬ 
tions  of  said  board.  (S.  C.,  §119.) 

§241.  Collection  and  transportation  of  bones,  refuse,  and  offensive  materials 
regulated. 

No  person  shall  gather,  collect,  accumulate,  store,  expose,  carry,  or  transport  in 
any  manner  through  any  street  or  public  place,  or  into  any  building  or  cellar,  in  the 
city  of  New  York,  any  bones,  refuse,  or  offensive  material  without  a  permit  therefor 
issued  by  the  board  of  health  or  otherwise  than  in  accordance  with  the  terms  of  said 
permit  and  with  the  regulations  of  said  board.  (S.  C.,  §101.) 

§242.  Accumulations  of  manure,  offal,  garbage,  and  other  offensive  and 
nauseous  substances;  retention  and  disposal  regulated. 

No  pile,  deposit,  or  accumulation  of  manure,  offal,  dirt,  or  garbage,  or  any  offensive 
or  nauseous  substance,  shall  be  made  within  the  built-up  portion  of  the  city  of  New 
York,  or  on  or  upon  the  piers,  docks,  or  bulkheads  adjacent  thereto,  or  on  or  upon 
any  vessel,  boat  or  scow,  lying  at  such  pier,  wharf  or  bulkhead;  nor  shall  such  pile 

396 


SANITARY  CODE. 


deposit,  or  accumulation  be  made  anywhere  in  said  city  within  300  feet  of 
any  church  or  place  of  worship,  or  inhabited  dwelling,  without  a  permit  therefor  issued 
by  the  board  of  health  or  otherwise  than  in  accordance  with  the  terms  of  said  permit 
and  with  the  regulations  of  said  board;  and  no  person  shall  contribute  to  the  making  of 
any  such  pile,  deposit,  or  accumulation  without  such  a  permit  or  otherwise  than  in  ac¬ 
cordance  with  the  terms  of  such  permit  and  the  regulations  of  said  board;  nor  shall 
any  car  loaded  with  or  having  in  or  on  it  any  such  substance  or  substances  be  allowed 
to  remain  or  stand  on  any  railroad  track,  street,  or  highway,  within  300  feet 
of  any  inhabited  dwelling,  or  elsewhere  in  said  city,  nor  shall  any  vessel,  boat,  scow,  or 
float,  loaded  with  any  such  substance  or  substances  be  allowed  to  remain  at  any  pier, 
dock,  or  bulkhead  in  said  city,  without  a  permit  therefor  issued  by  the  board  of  health 
or  otherwise  than  in  accordance  with  the  terms  of  said  permit  and  with  the  regu¬ 
lations  of  said  board;  and  no  manure,  garbage,  or  other  material  that  is  liable  to  emit 
an  offensive  exhalation  shall,  in  or  adjacent  to  the  built-up  portions  of  the  city  of  New 
York,  be  turned  or  stirred,  except  in  its  removal,  in  such  a  way  as  to  increase  such  ex¬ 
halations  by  reason  thereof;  nor  shall  any  straw,  hay,  or  other  substance  which  has 
been  used  as  bedding  for  animals,  be  placed  or  dried  upon  any  street  or  sidewalk,  or 
roof  of  any  building;  nor  shall  any  such  straw,  hay,  or  other  substance,  or  the  contents 
of  any  mattress  or  bed,  be  deposited  or  burnt  without  a  permit  therefor  issued  by  the 
board  of  health  or  otherwise  than  in  accordance  with  the  terms  of  said  permit  and 
with  the  regulations  of  said  board.  (S.  C.,  §111.) 

§243.  Removal  of  dead  or  diseased  animals  and  filthy,  offensive,  and  noxious 
substances  regulated. 

It  shall  be  the  duty  of  every  person  (his  agent  and  employees)  who  has  con¬ 
tracted  or  undertaken  to  remove  any  diseased  or  dead  animals,  offal,  rubbish,  garbage, 
dirt,  street-sweepings,  night  soil,  or  other  filthy,  offensive,  or  noxious  substance,  or  is 
engaged  in  any  such  removal,  or  in  loading  or  unloading  any  such  substance,  to  do  the 
same  with  dispatch,  and,  in  every  particular,  in  as  cleanly  and  inoffensive  a  manner, 
and  with  as  little  danger  and  prejudice  to  life  and  health  as  possible,  and  no  matter 
or  material  shall  lie  piled  up,  or  partially  raked  together,  in  any  street  or  place,  before 
the  removal  thereof,  more  than  a  reasonable  time,  or  for  more  than  4  hours,  under 
any  circumstances,  in  the  day  time.  (S.  C.,  §114.) 

§244.  Carts,  vehicles,  and  implements  to  be  kept  in  an  inoffensive  and  sani¬ 
tary  condition;  use  of  same  regulated. 

No  cart  or  other  vehicle  used  for  carrying  or  containing  any  manure,  swill, 
garbage,  offal,  or  rubbish,  or  other  nauseous  or  offensive  substance,  or  the  contents 
of  any  privy,  vault,  cesspool,  or  sink,  shall,  without  necessity  therefor,  be  allowed  to 
stand  or  remain  before  or  near  any  building  place  of  business,  or  other  premises, 
where  any  person  may  be;  nor  shall  the  loading  or  unloading  of  any  such  cart  or 
vehicle  or  the  conveying  thereof  through  any  street,  place,  or  premises  consume  an 
unreasonable  period  of  time.  Such  carts,  vehicles,  and  all  implements  used  in  connec¬ 
tion  therewith  must  be  kept  in  an  inoffensive  and  sanitary  condition,  and,  when  not  in 
use,  shall  be  stored  and  kept  in  some  place  where  no  needless  offense  shall  be  given 
to  any  of  the  people  of  the  city  of  New  York.  (S.  C.,  §120.) 

§245.  Ships,  boats,  and  other  vessels;  not  allowed  at  dock  or  pier  unless  per¬ 
mitted. 

No  ship,  boat,  or  other  vessel  shall  be  taken  or  allowed  by  any  person  to  come 
into,  or  lay  at  or  within,  any  dock,  pier,  bulkhead,  or  slip,  for  the  purpose  of  the  ship¬ 
ment  or  removal  of  any  offal,  garbage,  rubbish,  blood,  or  offensive  animal  or  vegetable 
matter,  dirt,  or  dead  animals,  or  for  the  use  of  any  contractor  for  the  removal  of  any 
of  the  foregoing  substances,  without  a  permit  therefor  issued  by  the  board  of  health 

397 


CHAP.  20,  ART.  13,  SECS.  246-248. 

or  otherwise  than  in  accordance  with  the  terms  of  said  permit  and  with  the  regulations 
of  said  board.  (S.  C.,  §115.) 

§246.  The  use  of  docks,  piers,  and  bulkheads  regulated. 

No  person  shall  obstruct,  delay,  or  interfere  with  the  proper  and  ready  use,  for 
the  purposes  for  which  they  may  be  and  should  be  set  apart  and  devoted,  of  any  dock, 
pier,  or  bulkhead  by  any  contract  or  person  engaged  in  removing  any  offal,  garbage, 
rubbish,  dirt,  dead  animal,  night  soil,  or  other  like  substances,  or  with  the  proper 
performance  of  such  contracts.  (S.  C,  §113.) 

§247.  Refuse  from  oyster=houses,  oyster=saloons,  and  other  premises;  method 
of  disposal  of  refuse  regulated;  nuisances  prohibited. 

Every  proprietor,  lessee,  tenant,  and  occupant  of  any  oyster-house,  oyster-saloon, 
or  other  premises  where  any  oysters,  clams,  lobsters,  or  shell  or  other  fish  are  con¬ 
sumed,  used,  or  sold,  or  where  any  of  the  refuse  matter,  offal,  or  shells  thereof 
accumulate,  shall  daily  cause  all  such  shells,  offal,  and  refuse  matter  to  be  removed 
therefrom  to  some  proper  place,  and  shall  keep  such  house,  saloon,  or  premises  at  all 
times  free  from  any  offensive  smells  or  accumulations.  (S.  C.,  §112.) 

§248.  Ashes,  garbage,  and  liquid  substances;  separate  receptacles  to  be  pro¬ 
vided;  duties  of  owners,  lessees,  and  agents;  removal;  special  pro¬ 
visions  applicable  to  borough  of  Richmond. 

It  shall  be  the  duty  of  every  owner,  tenant,  lessee,  occupant,  or  person  in  charge 
of  any  and  every  building  in  the  built-up  and  generally  built-up  parts  of  the  city  of 
New  York,  from  which  the  city  of  New  York  removes  ashes,  garbage,  rubbish,  or 
refuse,  to  provide  or  cause  to  be  provided,  forthwith,  and  at  all  times  thereafter  to 
keep  and  provide  or  cause  to  be  kept  and  provided,  within  and  for  the  exclusive  use  of 
such  building,  or  the  part  thereof  to  which  reference  is  hereinafter  made,  separate 
receptacles,  made  of  metal,  for  holding,  respectively,  without  leakage,  all  ashes,  gar¬ 
bage,  and  liquid  waste  substance,  that  may  accumulate,  during  60  consecutive  hours, 
in  or  through  the  use  of  such  building,  or  the  part  thereof  of  which  such  person  may 
be  the  owner,  tenant,  lessee,  occupant,  or  in  charge. 

And  it  shall  be  the  duty  of  every  owner,  tenant,  lessee,  occupant,  or  person  in 
charge  of  any  such  building  to  cause  to  be  separated  and  put  into  their  respective 
receptacles  all  such  materials  and  substances ;  but  no  such  receptacle  shall  be  filled 
to  a  greater  height  than  a  line  within  such  receptacle  4  inches  from  the  top  thereof, 
nor  shall  any  such  receptacle,  when  so  filled,  contain  more  than  2  cubic  feet  of 
material,  nor  weigh  more  than  100  pounds;  and  every  such  receptacle  shall  be  kept 
at  all  times,  in  a  condition  satisfactory  to  the  street  cleaning  department  or  the 
department  of  health. 

And  all  such  receptacles  shall  be  kept  within  the  building,  or  in  the  rear  premises 
therewith  connected,  until  the  time  for  the  removal  of  such  ashes,  garbage,  or  liquid 
waste  substances,  when  such  receptacles  shall  be  placed  in  the  area,  or  within  the 
fence  or  other  enclosure,  in  front  of  such  building,  or,  if  there  be  no  area,  or  fence  or 
other  enclosure,  such  receptacles  shall  be  placed  on  the  sidewalk  close  to  such  building  ; 
all  such  receptacles  shall  remain  so  placed  until  the  contents  thereof  shall  have  been 
removed  by  the  street  cleaning  department,  immediately  after  which,  such  receptacles 
shall  be  returned  to  such  building,  or  to  the  rear  premises  therewith  connected;  and 
every  receptacle  containing  garbage  or  liquid  waste  substance,  when  outside  of  such 
building,  shall  be  kept,  at  all  times,  covered  with  a  tight-fitting  cover. 

And  newspapers,  wrapping  paper,  and  all  other  light  refuse  and  rubbish  likely  to 
be  blown  or  scattered  about  the  streets,  shall  be  securely  bundled,  tied,  or  packed, 
before  being  placed  for  removal;  and  such  newspapers,  wrapping  paper,  and  other 
light  refuse  and  rubbish,  as  well  as  all  other  refuse  and  rubbish,  shall  be  kept  within 

398 


SANITARY  CODE. 


the  building,  or  in  the  rear  premises  therewith  connected,  until  the  time  for  the  removal 
thereof,  when  they  shall  be  placed  as  the  receptacles  hereinbefore  mentioned  are 
required,  by  the  provisions  of  this  section,  to  be  placed. 

No  such  receptacle  and  no  such  refuse  or  rubbish  shall,  however,  be  so  placed  as  to 
constitute  or  contribute  to  the  creation  of  a  nuisance;  and  no  yard  sweepings,  hedge 
cuttings,  grass,  leaves,  earth,  stone,  bricks,  or  business  waste  shall  be  mixed  with 
household  waste. 

Accumulations  of  household  ashes,  garbage,  refuse  or  rubbish,  resulting  from  the 
failure  to  take  advantage  of  the  regular  collection  service,  shall  be  removed  at  the 
expense  of  the  person  or  persons  concerned. 

It  shall,  however,  be  the  duty  of  every  owner,  tenant,  lessee,  occupant,  or  person 
in  charge  of  every  building  in  the  built-up  and  generally  built-up  parts  of  the  city  of 
New  York,  not  included  within  the  foregoing  provisions  of  this  section,  to  observe  the 
requirements  of  the  said  provisions,  except  that  such  owner,  tenant,  lessee,  occupant, 
or  person  shall  cause  all  ashes,  garbage,  liquid  waste,  rubbish,  and  refuse  to  be  daily 
removed  therefrom. 

The  foregoing  provisions  shall  apply  to  the  built-up  and  generally  built-up  parts 
of  the  city  of  New  York  except  as  follows: 

In  the  borough  of  Richmond,  ashes  from  house  furnaces  shall  be  kept  apart  from 
the  remainder  of  the  household  waste  and  be  kept  in  a  receptacle  or  in  receptacles, 
made  of  metal,  which  shall  be  used  only  for  holding  such  ashes;  and  the  remainder  of 
the  household  waste,  including  garbage,  kitchen  ashes,  sweepings,  soiled  paper,  refuse, 
and  rubbish,  shall  be  placed  in  another  metal  receptacle,  or  in  other  metal  receptacles, 
which,  when  outside  of  a  building,  shall  be  kept  covered  with  a  tight  fitting  cover. 
(S.  C,  §108.) 

§249.  Receptacles  for  ashes,  garbage,  and  liquid  substances  not  to  be  inter¬ 
fered  with  or  contents  disturbed. 

No  person,  not  for  that  purpose  authorized,  shall  interfere  with  the  receptacles 
for  ashes,  garbage,  or  liqund  substances,  as  provided  in  accordance  with  §248  of  the 
sanitary  code,  or  with  the  contents  thereof ;  nor  shall  any  person  in  any  way  handle  or 
disturb  such  contents.  (S.  C.,  §109.) 

§250.  Ashes,  garbage,  and  rubbish;  method  of  removal  regulated. 

All  occupants  so  preferring  may  deliver  their  ashes,  garbage,  refuse,  and  rubbish 
directly  to  the  proper  carts,  to  be  taken  away  at  any  hour  of  the  day  when  said  carts 
may  be  present,  and  said  carts  may  take  such  articles  and  substances  at  any  such 
hour;  provided  that  such  garbage,  refuse,  or  rubbish  be  not  highly  filthy  or  offensive. 
In  the  latter  case,  the  same  shall  not  be  so  delivered  or  received  during  the  period 
beginning  at  7  o’clock  a.  m.,  of  any  day  and  ending  at  10  o’clock  of  the  evening  of  the 
same  day.  (S.  C.,  §110.) 

§251.  Vacant  lots;  accumulation  of  water  thereon  prohibited;  fence  to  be 
provided,  if  sunken;  throwing  and  depositing  offensive  material  into 
such  lots  prohibited. 

It  shall  be  the  duty  of  every  owner,  lessee,  contractor,  or  other  person  having  the 
management  or  control  of  any  lot  or  parcel  of  land  in  the  city  of  New  York,  to  keep 
and  preserve  the  same,  at  all  times,  clean  and  inoffensive,  and  to  prevent  the  gathering 
or  collecting  of  water  thereon;  and  to  provide  and  maintain  around  or  in  front  of  any 
lot  which  is  sunken,  excavated,  or  below  the  grade  of  the  sidewalk  adjacent  thereto, 
a  proper  fence  to  protect  persons  from  falling  into  such  lot. 

No  person  shall  throw  or  deposit  into  or  upon  any  lot  any  garbage,  refuse,  or 
other  offensive  material.  (S.  C.,  §116.) 


399 


CHAP.  20,  ART.  12,  SECS.  252,  252. 


§252.  Filling  in  land;  offensive  and  unwholesome  materials  not  to  be  used; 
the  use  of  street  sweepings  for  filling»in  purposes  forbidden. 

No  person  shall  fill  in  any  land  under  or  above  water  within  the  limits  of  the 
city  of  New  York,  or  any  of  the  islands  situated  within  such  limits,  with  garbage, 
dead  animals  or  any  parts  thereof,  decaying  matter,  or  any  offensive  and  unwholesome 
material,  or  with  dirt,  ashes,  or  other  refuse,  when  mixed  with  such  garbage,  dead 
animals  or  parts  thereof,  decaying  matter,  or  offensive  and  unwholesome  material. 

No  street  sweepings  shall  be  deposited  or  used  to  fill  up  or  raise  the  surface  or 
level  of  any  lot,  grounds,  dock,  wharf  or  pier,  in  or  adjacent  to  the  built-up  portions 
of  the  City  of  New  York,  without  a  permit  therefor  issued  by  the  board  of  health  or 
otherwise  than  in  accordance  with  the  terms  of  said  permit  and  with  the  regulations 
of  said  board.  (S.  C.,  §98.) 

§253.  Lime,  ashes,  coal,  dry  sand,  hair,  feathers,  and  like  substances,  and 
other  materials  not  to  be  sieved,  agitated,  or  exposed. 

No  lime,  ashes,  coal,  dry  sand,  hair,  feathers,  or  other  substance  that  is  in  a 
similar  manner  liable  to  be  blown  by  the  wind,  shall  be  sieved,  agitated,  or  exposed, 
nor  shall  any  mat,  carpet,  or  cloth  be  shaken  or  beaten,  nor  shall  any  cloth,  yarn,  gar¬ 
ment,  material,  or  substance  be  scoured,  cleaned,  or  hung,  nor  shall  any  rugs,  damaged 
merchandise,  barrels,  boxes,  or  broken  bales  of  merchandise  or  goods,  be  placed,  kept, 
or  exposed  in  any  place  where  they  or  particles  therefrom  will  pass  into  any  street 
or  public  place,  or  into  any  occupied  premises  ;  nor  shall  any  usual  or  any  reasonable 
precautions  be  omitted  by  any  person  to  prevent  fragments  or  other  substances  from 
falling,  to  the  detriment  or  peril  of  life  or  health,  or  dust  or  light  material  flying 
into  any  street,  place,  or  building,  from  any  building  or  erection,  while  the  same  is 
being  altered,  repaired,  or  demolished  or  otherwise.  (S.  C,  §118.) 


Sectior  271. 


272. 

273. 

274. 

275. 

276. 

277. 

278. 

279. 

280. 

281. 

282. 

283. 

284. 

285. 

286. 
287. 


ARTICLE  14. 

Plumbing,  Drainage  and  Sewerage. 

Drainage;  duties  of  owners,  lessees,  tenants,  and  occupants  of 
buildings  and  premises. 

Drainage  of  marsh  land. 

Sewers;  to  be  adequately  flushed;  duties  of  boards,  departments, 
officers  and  persons. 

Sewage,  drainage,  factory  refuse,  and  foul  offensive  liquid  or  other 
material;  disposal  thereof,  regulated  and  restricted. 

Change  in  drainage,  sewage,  and  sewer  connection  affecting  other 
premises  regulated. 

Drains,  soil-pipes,  passages,  or  connections  between  sewers  and  build¬ 
ings;  to  be  adequate. 

Plumbing;  to  be  kept  in  good  order  and  repair. 

Plumbing  fixtures;  to  be  separately  trapped. 

Drain,  soil,  and  waste  pipes,  joints  and  connections. 

Drain  pipes  from  refrigerators;  to  discharge  into  open  sink;  dis¬ 
charge  from  overflow  pipe  regulated. 

Waste,  soil,  and  vent  pipes ;  to  be  constructed  and  located  so  as  not 
to  contribute  to  the  creation  of  a  nuisance. 

Ventilation  of  sewers  and  plumbing. 

Rain  water  leaders  and  gutters;  use  restricted;  to  be  sound,  tight 
and  adequate. 

Privies  and  water  closets  ;  maintenance. 

Temporary  privies ;  to  be  provided  during  construction  work. 

Privies  to  be  screened  to  prevent  access  of  flies. 

Privy  vaults  and  cesspools;  construction. 

400 


SANITARY  CODE. 


§271.  Drainage;  duties  of  owners,  lessees,  tenants,  and  occupants  of  buildings 
and  premises. 

No  person,  being  owner,  lessee,  tenant,  or  occupant  of  any  building  or  premises, 
shall  allow  any  water  or  other  liquid  to  run  from  or  out  of  such  building  or  premises 
upon  or  across  any  sidewalk  or  curbstone,  and  no  such  substance  shall  be  allowed  to 
pass  into  any  street  except  by  means  of  a  passage  constructed  under  or  through,  which 
passage  must  be  kept  at  all  times  adequate  and  in  repair ;  and  no  water  or  other  liquid, 
or  ice  therefrom,  shall  be  allowed  to  gather  or  remain  on  the  upper  surface  of  such 
curb,  flag-stone,  or  passage;  nor  shall  any  such  person  allow  any  accumulation  of 
such  water  or  liquid,  or  the  ice  therefrom,  upon  any  street  or  place,  but  shall  at  all 
times  cause  the  same  to  be  removed  or  to  pass  along  the  gutter  or  some  proper 
passage  to  one  of  the  rivers  or  into  a  sewer.  (S.  C.,  §40.) 

§272.  Drainage  of  marsh  land. 

It  shall  be  the  duty  of  every  owner,  lessee,  agent,  contractor,  or  other  person 
having  the  management  or  control  of  any  salt  marsh  land,  inland  swamp,  sunken  lot, 
abandoned  excavation,  or  any  other  place  wherein  or  whereon  either  salt  or  fresh 
water  becomes  stagnant  and  in  which  said  stagnant  water  mosquitoes  are  bred  and 
developed,  to  fill  in  or  drain  the  same,  or  employ  such  other  methods  as  will  prevent 
at  all  time*  the  breeding  of  mosquitoes  in  or  on  such  places. 

§273.  Sewers;  to  be  adequately  flushed;  duties  of  boards,  departments,  officers, 
and  persons. 

It  shall  be  the  duty  of  all  boards,  departments,  officers,  and  persons  having  power 
and  authority  so  to  do  or  require  (and  to  the  extent  thereof)  to  cause  sufficient  water 
to  be  used,  and  other  adequate  means  to  be  taken,  so  that  whatever  substances  may 
enter  any  sewer  shall  pass  speedily  along  and  from  the  same  and  sufficiently  far  into 
some  water  or  proper  reservoir,  in  order  that  no  accumulations  shall  take  place  there¬ 
in,  and  no  exhalations  proceed  therefrom,  dangerous  or  prejudicial  to  life  or  health. 
(S.  C.,  §28.) 

§274.  Sewage,  drainage,  factory  refuse,  and  foul  or  offensive  liquid  or  other 
material;  disposal  thereof  regulated  and  restricted. 

No  person,  persons,  company,  or  corporation  shall  cause,  permit,  or  allow  any 
sewage,  drainage,  factory  refuse,  or  any  foul  or  offensive  liquid  or  other  material  to 
flow,  leak,  escape,  or  be  emptied  or  discharged,  into  the  waters  of  any  river,  stream, 
canal,  harbor,  bay,  or  estuary,  or  into  the  sea,  within  the  limits  of  the  city  of  New 
York,  excepting  under  low-water  mark,  and  in  such  manner  and  under  such  conditions 
that  no  nuisance  can  or  shall  be  caused  thereby  or  as  a  result  thereof.  (S.  C.,  §38.) 

§275.  Change  in  drainage,  sewerage,  and  sewer  connection  affecting  other 
premises  regulated. 

No  change  shall  be  made  in  the  drainage,  sewerage,  or  the  sewer  connection  of 
^any  house  or  premises,  involving  changes  in  the  drainage,  sewerage,  or  sewer  con¬ 
nection  of  any  other  house  or  premises,  unless  at  least  30  days’  notice  thereof  in 
writing  shall  have  been  previously  given  to  this  department,  and  to  the  owner  or 
occupant  of  the  premises  affected  by  such  change.  (S.  C,  §27.) 

§276.  Drains,  soil-pipes,  passages,  or  connections  between  sewers  and  build¬ 
ings;  to  be  adequate. 

Every  person  using,  making,  or  having  any  drain,  soil-pipe,  passage,  or  connec¬ 
tion  between  any  sewer  (or  any  river  or  other  body  of  water)  and  any  ground, 
building,  erection,  or  place  of  business,  every  owner  or  tenant  of  any  such  ground, 
building,  or  erection  or  place  of  business,  and  every  person,  board,  department,  or 
officer  occupying  or  interested  in,  any  such  ground,  building,  erection,  or  place  of 

401 


CHAP.  20,  ART.  14,  SECS.  277-282. 

business,  shall,  to  the  extent  of  the  right  and  authority  of  each,  cause  and  require 
such  drain,  soil-pipe,  passage,  or  connection  to  be  at  all  times  adequate  for  the  pur¬ 
pose  of  conveying  and  allowing,  freely  and  entirely,  to  pass  whatever  enters  or  should 
enter  the  same.  (SC,  §27.) 

§277.  Plumbing;  to  be  kept  in  good  order  and  repair. 

All  house  drains,  house  sewers,  waste  and  soil  pipes,  traps,  and  water  and  gas 
pipes,  in  any  building  or  premises  shall  at  all  times  be  kept  in  good  order  and  repair, 
so  that  no  gases  or  odors  shall  escape  therefrom  and  so  that  the  same  shall  not  leak; 
and  all  vent  pipes  shall  be  kept  in  good  order  and  repair  and  free  from  obstructions. 
(S.  C,  §32.) 

§278.  Plumbing  fixtures;  to  be  separately  trapped. 

Every  water-closet,  urinal,  sink,  basin,  wash-tray,  and  bath,  and  every  tub  or 
set  of  tubs  and  hydrant  waste  pipe,  must  be  separately  and  effectively  trapped,  ex¬ 
cept  where  a  sink  and  wash  tubs  immediately  adjoin  each  other,  in  which  case  the 
waste  pipe  from  the  tubs  may  be  connected  with  the  inlet  side  of  the  sink  trap.  Traps 
must  be  placed  as  near  the  fixtures  as  practicable,  and  in  no  case  shall  a  trap  be 
more  than  2  feet  from  the  fixture.  In  no  case  shall  the  waste  from  a  bath  tub  or 
other  fixture  be  connected  with  a  water-closet  trap,  nor  shall  any  trap  vent  pipe  be 
used  as  a  waste  or  soil  pipe.  (S.  C.,  §33.) 

§279.  Drain,  soil,  and  waste  pipes;  joints  and  connections. 

All  joints  in  cast  iron  drain,  soil,  and  waste  pipes  must  be  filled  with  oakum  and 
lead  and  be  hand  caulked,  so  as  to  make  them  gas-tight.  All  connections  of  lead 
with  iron  pipes  must  be  made  with  a  brass  sleeve  or  ferrule  of  the  same  size  as 
the  lead  pipe,  put  into  the  hub  of  the  branch  of  the  iron  pipe,  and  caulked  with  lead; 
and  the  lead  pipe  must  be  attached  to  the  sleeve  or  ferrule  by  a  wiped  or  overcast 
joint.  All  connections  of  lead  waste  and  vent  pipes  shall  be  made  by  means  of  wiped 
joints,  and  all  connections  of  galvanized  wrought  iron  pipe  shall  be  made  with  screw 
joints.  (S.  C.,  §31.) 

§280.  Drain  pipes  from  refrigerators;  to  discharge  into  open  sink;  discharge 
from  overflow  pipe  regulated. 

No  drain  pipe  from  a  refrigerator  shall  be  connected  with  the  soil  or  waste  pipe, 
but  it  shall  discharge  into  a  properly  trapped,  sewer-connected,  water-supplied,  open 
sink.  No  overflow  pipe  from  a  tank  shall  discharge  into  any  soil  or  waste  pipe,  or 
water-closet  trap,  or  into  the  drain  or  sewer,  but  it  may  discharge  upon  the  roof  or 
into  an  open  water-supplied  tank.  (S.  C.,  §34.) 

§281.  Waste,  soil,  and  vent  pipes;  to  be  constructed  and  located  so  as  not  to 
contribute  to  the  creation  of  a  nuisance. 

All  waste,  soil,  and  vent  pipes  in  any  building  in  the  city  of  New  York  shall 
extend  above  the  roof  thereof  to  a  height  of  at  least  2  feet,  and  that  portion  of  the 
pipe  extending  above  the  roof  shall  be  of  an  increased  diameter.  All  such  pipes 
shall  be  so  constructed  and  located  that  they  shall  not  contribute  to  the  creation  of  a 
nuisance.  (S.  C.,  §36.) 

§282.  Ventilation  of  sewers  and  plumbing. 

No  brick,  sheet  metal,  or  earthenware,  material  or  chimney  flue  shall  be  used  as 
a  sewer  ventilator,  or  to  ventilate  any  trap,  drain,  soil,  or  waste  pipe.  (S.  C.,  §29.) 

§283.  Rain  water  leaders  and  gutters;  use  restricted;  to  be  sound,  tight,  and 
adequate. 

Rain  water  leaders  and  gutters  shall  be  sound,  tight,  and  adequate  for  their 
purpose  and  such  leaders  shall  not  be  used  as  soil,  waste,  or  vent  pipes,  or  be  con- 

402 


SANITARY  CODE. 


nected  therewith;  nor  shall  any  soil,  waste,  or  vent  pipe  be  used  as  a  leader.  When 
within  the  house,  the  leader  must  be  of  cast  iron,  wrought  iron,  or  steel,  with  leaded 
joints  and  properly  connected  with  the  house  drain;  when  outside  of  the  house  and 
connected  with  the  house,  drain,  it  must  be  trapped  beneath  the  ground  or  just  inside 
of  the  wall,  the  trap  being  arranged  in  either  case  so  as  to  prevent  freezing.  In  every 
case  where  a  sewer  or  cesspool  connected  leader  opens  near  a  window  or  a  light- 
shaft,  it  must  be  properly  trapped  at  its  base.  The  joint  between  a  cast  iron  leader 
and  the  roof  must  be  made  gas  and  water  tight,  by  means  of  a  brass  ferrule  and  a 
lead  or  copper  pipe  properly  connected.  (S.  C.,  §35.) 

§284.  Privies  and  water-closets;  maintenance. 

Every  owner,  lessee,  keeper,  or  manager  of  any  boarding-house,  lodging-house, 
dwelling-house,  and  any  factory,  workroom,  store,  office,  or  place  of  business,  in 
which  persons  are  employed,  shall  provide,  or  cause  to  be  provided,  for  the  use  of 
the  tenants,  boarders,  lodgers,  dwellers  or  employees  therein  adequate  privies  or 
water-closets,  and  the  same  shall  be  properly  lighted  and  ventilated,  and  shall  at 
all  times  be  kept  in  such  cleanly  and  sanitary  condition  as  not  to  be  offensive  or  dan¬ 
gerous  or  detrimental  to  life  or  health.  And  no  offensive  smell  or  gases,  from  any 
outlet  or  sewer,  or  from  any  such  privy  or  water-closet,  shall  be  allowed  to  pass  into 
any  other  part  of  said  house,  building,  or  premises,  or  into  any  other  house,  building, 
or  premises.  (S.  C.,  §20.) 

§285.  Temporary  privies;  to  be  provided  during  construction  work. 

Contractors  or  builders  shall  provide  or  cause  to  be  provided  temporary  privies, 
for  the  use  of  the  men  employed  during  construction  work,  at  some  convenient  place 
upon  the  premises,  or  which  shall  be  readily  accessible,  and  the  same  shall  be  prop¬ 
erly  screened  to  prevent  the  entrance  of  flies  thereto.  The  contents  of  such  privies 
shall  be  disinfected  and  removed,  and  shall  not  be  allowed  to  accumulate  thereat. 
Contractors,  builders,  or  other  persons  having  the  management  and  control  of  con¬ 
struction  work  shall  prevent  the  commission  of  any  nuisance  by  workers,  employees, 
or  other  persons  connected  therewith,  in  and  about  such  work  or  premises,  and  re¬ 
quire  workers  and  employees  to  use  the  privies  so  provided.  (S.  C.,  §37a.) 

§286.  Privies  to  be  screened  to  prevent  access  of  flies. 

It  shall  be  the  duty  of  each  owner,  lessee,  or  occupant  of  any  premises  on  which 
a  privy  is  located  or  used  to  cause  the  same  to  be  properly  screened,  so  that  flies 
shall  not  have  access  thereto  or  to  the  contents  thereof.  (S.  C.,  §37a.) 

§287.  Privy  vaults  and  cesspools;  construction. 

No  privy  vault  or  cesspool  shall  be  allowed  to  remain  on  any  premises,  or  built, 
in  the  city  of  New  York  unless  when  unavoidable.  The  sides  and  bottom  of  every 
privy  vault,  cesspool,  or  “school  sink,”  in  the  city  of  New  York,  must  be  imper¬ 
meable  and  secure  against  any  saturation  of  the  walls  or  the  ground  above  the  same, 
unless  otherwise  allowed  by  a  permit  in  writing  issued  therefor  by  the  board  of 
health  and  must  then  be  used  in  accordance  with  the  terms  of  said  permit  and  the 
regulations  of  said  board.  No  water-closet  or  privy  vault  shall  be  constructed  with¬ 
out  adequate  provision  for  the  effectual  and  proper  ventilation  and  cleaning  thereof, 
(S.  G.  §37.) 

ARTICLE  15. 

Railroad  Cars  and  Other  Public  Vehicles. 

Section  301.  Public  vehicles  and  other  public  places;  to  be  cleaned  daily. 

302.  Railroad  cars  and  other  public  vehicles;  carrying  or  conveying 
soiled  or  dirty  clothing  restricted. 

403 


CHAP.  20,  ART.  15,  SECS.  301-307. 


Section  303.  Railroad  cars  and  other  public  vehicles;  to  be  adequately  and 
sufficiently  ventilated. 

304.  Heating. 

305.  Lighting. 

§301.  Public  vehicles  and  other  public  places  to  be  cleaned  daily. 

Every  railroad  car  and  other  public  vehicle,  and  every  ferryboat,  used  in  the 
city  of  New  York  for  carrying  passengers,  and  every  railroad  depot,  railroad  sta¬ 
tion,  railroad  platform,  and  ferryhouse,  and  every  public  room  or  space  connected 
therewith,  and  every  stairway  and  other  means  of  entrance  thereto  or  exit  there¬ 
from,  shall,  at  least  once  on  each  and  every  day  on  which  it  shall  be  used,  be  care¬ 
fully  and  thoroughly  cleaned  so  that  all  refuse,  dirt  and  filth  are  removed  therefrom. 
(S.  C.,  §173.)  (As  amended  by  the  Board  of  Health,  May  31,  1916,  and  as  further 
amended  Dec.  16,  1916.) 

§302.  Railroad  cars  and  other  public  vehicles;  carrying  or  conveying  soiled 
or  dirty  clothing  restricted. 

No  person  shall  at  any  time  carry  or  convey  upon  or  in  any  passenger  car  or 
other  public  vehicle,  nor  shall  any  conductor  or  person  in  charge  of  any  such  car  or 
other  public  vehicle,  permit  or  allow  to  be  carried  or  conveyed  upon  or  in  such 
car  or  other  public  vehicle,  except  upon  or  on  the  front  platform  thereof,  any  soiled 
or  dirty  articles  of  clothing  or  bedding.  (S.  C.,  §174.)  (As  amended  by  the  Board 
of  Health,  Dec.  16,  1916.) 

§303.  Railroad  cars  and  other  public  vehicles;  to  be  adequately  and  sufficiently 
ventilated. 

Every  railroad  car  and  other  public  vehicle  used  in  the  city  of  New  York  for 
carrying  of  passengers  shall  be  constructed  so  as  to  provide  and  secure,  at  all  times, 
good,  adequate  and  sufficient  ventilation,  and  such  good,  adequate  and  sufficient 
ventilation  shall  be  maintained  at  all  times  by  natural  or  mechanical  means.  (S.  C., 
§175.)  (As  amended  by  the  Board  of  Health,  Dec.  16,  1916.) 

§304.  Heating. 

Every  railroad  car  and  other  public  vehicle,  and  every  ferryboat,  used  in  the 
city  of  New  York  for  carrying  passengers,  and  every  depot,  station,  ferryhouse,  and 
waiting  room  used  in  connection  with  such  means  of  transit,  shall,  between  the 
first  day  of  October  of  each  year  and  the  first  day  of  April  of  each  following  year, 
be  properly  heated  and  kept  heated  whenever  the  temperature  upon  the  street  shall 
fall  below  forty  degrees  Fahrenheit.  (As  amended  by  the  Board  of  Health,  Dec. 
16,  1916.) 

§305.  Lighting. 

Every  railroad  car  and  other  public  vehicle,  and  every  ferryboat  used  in  the 
city  of  New  York  for  carrying  passengers,  and  every  depot,  station,  ferryhouse, 
waiting  room  and  other  public  place  or  premise  used  in  connection  with  such  means 
of  transit  shall  be,  at  all  times,  adequately  lighted,  by  natural  or  artificial  means.  (As 
adopted  by  the  Board  of  Health,  Dec.  16,  1916.) 

§306.  Cars  not  to  be  overcrowded. 

(Annulled  March  28,  1918.) 

§307.  Public  vehicles  not  to  be  overcrowded. 

(Annulled  March  28,  1918.) 


404 


SANITARY  CODE. 


ARTICLE  16. 


Street  Conditions. 


Section  311. 

312. 

313. 
*314. 
*315. 
*316. 


Method  of  cleaning  street  regulated. 

Street  obstructions  prohibited. 

Dirt  and  other  materials  not  to  obstruct  street. 

Cattle,  swine,  and  sheep;  permit  to  drive  required. 

Leading  cattle  through  street  regulated. 

Cattle,  sheep,  swine,  and  calves;  not  to  be  driven  without  permit; 
exception. 


§311.  Method  of  cleaning  streets  regulated. 

Every  person,  when  cleaning  any  street,  shall  clean,  and  every  contractor  shall 
cause  to  be  cleaned,  the  gutters  and  parts  of  the  street  along  which  the  water  will  run, 
before  using  any  water  to  wash  the  same;  and  no  substance  that  could  be  before 
scraped  away  shall  be  washed  or  allowed  to  be  carried  or  be  put  into  the  sewer,  or 
into  any  receptacle  therewith  connected.  (S.  C.,  §39.) 


§312.  Street  obstructions  prohibited. 

No  person,  having  the  right  and  ability  to  prevent,  shall  take  or  drive,  or  allow  to 
go  or  be  taken,  any  horse  or  other  animal,  or  any  vehicle,  upon  any  sidewalk  or  foot¬ 
path  in  front  of  any  building,  to  the  peril  of  any  person;  nor  shall  any  person  block 
or  obstruct,  or  contribute  to  the  blocking  or  obstructing  of  any  street  or  other  public 
place.  (S.  C.,  §78.) 

§313.  Dirt  and  other  materials  not  to  obstruct  street. 

No  person  shall  deposit  upon  any  street  or  public  place  within  the  generally  built- 
up  portion  of  the  city  of  New  York,  or  upon  any  paved  street  in  the  said  city,  any  dirt, 
brick,  or  other  material,  in  such  manner'  as  to  occupy  more  than  100  square 
feet  of  surface  of  any  such#street  or  public  place  (and  the  same  shall  be  compact 
and  at  one  side)  ;  nor  shall  any  person  allow  the  same  to  remain  in  said  street  or 
public  place  more  than  12  hours  without  a  permit  therefor  issued  by  the  board  of 
health,  or  unless  such  occupancy  shall  be  otherwise  duly  authorized  by  paramount 
authority.  Nor  shall  any  such  substance  be  so  deposited  or  allowed  to  remain  by  any 
person  as  to  obstruct  the  free  flowage  along  any  gutter.  (S.  C.,  §117.) 


ARTICLE  17. 


Trade  Occupations  and  Businesses. 


Section  321. 


322. 

323. 

324. 

325. 

326. 

327. 

328. 


Occupations  and  businesses,  dangerous  or  detrimental  to  life  or 
health,  prohibited. 

Offensive  or  noisome  trades  and  businesses  regulated. 

Certain  offensive  or  noisome  trades,  occupations,  and  businesses  pro¬ 
hibited  in  the  borough  of  Manhattan. 

Certain  offensive  or  noisome  businesses  in  the  boroughs  of  Brooklyn, 
The  Bronx,  Queens,  and  Richmond  regulated. 

Business  of  slaughtering  cattle,  sheep,  swine,  pigs,  calves,  and  fowl 
regulated. 

Business  of  slaughtering  cattle,  sheep,  swine,  pigs,  and  calves  re¬ 
stricted  in  the  borough  of  Manhattan. 

Slaughtering  of  horses  and  sale  of  horse  flesh  for  food  regulated. 

Tanning,  skinning,  and  scouring  or  dressing  hides  and  leather  regu¬ 
lated. 


-Repealed  Dec.  21,  1915. 


405 


CHAP.  20,  ART.  17,  SECS.  221-224. 


Section  329. 

330. 

331. 

332. 


333. 

334. 

335. 

336. 

337. 

338. 

339. 


340. 

341. 

342. 


Business  of  rendering  and  melting  fat  regulated. 

Business  of  manufacturing  or  preparing  sausages  and  smoking  or 
preserving  meat  or  fish  regulated. 

Business  of  breaking  out  eggs  regulated ;  sale  of  “  spots  ”  and  “  spot 
eggs  ”  prohibited ;  the  term  “  spot  ”  and  “  spot  eggs  ”  defined. 

Boiling  varnish  or  oil ;  distilling  alcoholic  spirits ;  making  lampblack, 
turpentine,  or  tar;  treating  and  refining  ores,  metals,  or  alloys 
of  metals ;  regulated. 

Gas  manufacture  regulated  and  restricted;  plans  of  buildings  and 
location  to  be  approved. 

Lodging  houses  regulated. 

Barber  shops  regulated. 

Public  laundries  regulated. 

Duty  of  employers  to  provide  means  to  prevent  occupational  diseases. 

Manufacturing,  sorting  and  handling  cigars,  cigarettes  and  tobacco 
regulated. 

Removal  of  dust,  gases,  and  other  impurities  from  workrooms  by 
suction  devices. 

Bathing  establishments  regulated. 

Ocean  bathing;  regulations  for  protection. 

Horse-shoeing  regulated. 


§321.  Occupations  and  businesses,  dangerous  or  detrimental  to  life  or  health, 
prohibited. 

No  occupation  or  business  that  is  dangerous  or  detrimental  to  life  or  health  shall 
be  established  or  carried  on  in  the  city  of  New  York.  (S.  C.,  §92.) 

§322.  Offensive  or  noisome  trades  and  businesses  regulated. 

No  establishment  or  place  for  carrying  on  any  offensive  or  noisome  trade  or  busi¬ 
ness  shall  be  opened,  started,  established,  or  maintained  in  the  city  of  New  York,  with¬ 
out  a  permit  therefor  issued  by  the  board  of  health  or  otherwise  than  in  accordance 
with  the  terms  of  said  permit  and  with  the  regulations  of  said  board.  (S.  C.,  §88.) 

§323.  Certain  offensive  or  noisome  trades,  occupations,  and  businesses  pro¬ 
hibited  in  the  Borough  of  Manhattan. 

It  shall  not  be  lawful  for  any  person,  persons,  or  corporation,  to  carry  on,  estab¬ 
lish,  prosecute,  or  continue,  within  the  borough  of  Manhattan,  the  occupation,  or  trade, 
or  business,  of  bone  boiling,  bone  burning,  bone  grinding,  horse  skinning,  cow  skinning, 
or  skinning  of  dead  animals,  or  the  boiling  of  offal ;  and  any  such  establishment  exist¬ 
ing  within  said  borough  shall  be  forthwith  removed  from  said  borough,  and  such  occu¬ 
pation,  trade,  or  business  shall  be  forthwith  abated  and  discontinued,  provided  that 
the  provisions  of  this  section  shall  not  apply  to  the  slaughtering  or  dressing  of  animals 
for  sale  in  said  borough.  (S.  G,  §90.) 

§324.  Certain  offensive  or  noisome  businesses  in  the  boroughs  of  Brooklyn, 
The  Bronx,  Queens,  and  Richmond  regulated. 

The  business  of  bone  crushing,  bone  boiling,  bone  grinding,  bone  or  shell  burning, 
lime  making,  horse  skinning,  cow  skinning,  glue  making  from  any  part  of  dead  animals, 
gut  cleaning,  hide  curing,  fat  rendering,  boiling  of  fish,  swill,  or  offal,  heating,  drying, 
or  storing  of  blood,  scrap,  fat,  grease,  or  other  offensive  animal  matter  or  of  offensive 
vegetable  matter  or  manufacturing  materials  for  manure  or  fertilizer,  shall  not  be 
carried  on  in  the  boroughs  of  Brooklyn,  The  Bronx,  Queens,  or  Richmond,  without  a 
permit  therefor  issued  by  the  board  of  health  or  otherwise  than  in  accordance  with  the 
terms  of  said  permit  and  with  the  regulations  of  said  board.  (S.  G,  §91.) 

406 


SANITARY  CODE. 


§325.  Business  of  slaughtering  cattle,  sheep,  swine,  pigs,  calves,  and  fowl 
regulated. 

The  business  of  slaughtering  cattle,  sheep,  swine,  pigs,  calves  or  fowl  shall  not 
be  conducted  in  the  city  of  New  York,  without  a  permit  therefor  issued  by  the  board 
of  health  or  otherwise  than  in  accordance  with  the  terms  of  said  permit  and  with  the 
regulations  of  said  board.  It  shall  not  be  unlawful,  however,  to  slaughter,  cattle,  sheep, 
swine,  pigs,  or  calves  in  the  borough  of  Brooklyn,  at  such  places  where  such  business 
was  established  and  carried  on  on  January  3,  1898.  (S.  C,  §83.) 

§326.  Business  of  slaughtering  cattle,  horses,  sheep,  swine,  pigs,  and  calves 
restricted  in  the  Borough  of  Manhattan. 

The  business  of  slaughtering  cattle,  horses,  sheep,  or  calves  shall  not  be  conducted 
in  the  borough  of  Manhattan  except  in  that  part  of  the  said  borough  bounded  by  the 
west  side  of  Eleventh  avenue,  the  middle  line  of  the  block  between  West  38th  and.  West 
39th  streets  (west  of  Eleventh  avenue),  the  North  River,  and  the  south  side  of  West 
41st  street;  and  in  that  part  of  the  said  borough  bounded  by  the  east  side  of  First 
avenue,  the  middle  line  of  the  block  between  East  42d  street  and  East  43d  street  (east 
of  First  avenue),  the  East  river,  and  the  south  side  of  East  47th  street. 

The  business  of  slaughtering  swine  and  pigs  shall  not  be  continued  in  the  bor¬ 
ough  of  Manhattan  except  in  that  part  of  the  said  borough  bounded  by  the  west  side 
of  Eleventh  avenue,  the  middle  line  of  the  block  between  West  38th  and  West  39th 
streets  (west  of  Eleventh  avenue),  the  North  river,  and  the  south  side  of  West  41st 
street.  (S.  C,  §84;  as  amended  Dec.  21,  1915.) 

§327.  Slaughtering  of  horses  and  sale  of  horse  flesh  for  food  regulated. 

The  business  of  slaughtering  horses  shall  not  be  conducted  in  the  city  of  New 
York,  nor  shall  any  horseflesh  be  brought  into,  or  held,  kept,  or  offered  for  .  sale  in 
said  city,  without  a  permit  therefor,  issued  by  the  board  of  health,  or  otherwise  than 
in  accordance  with  the  terms  of  said  permit  and  the  regulations  of  said  board.  (S.  G, 
§86;  amended  Dec.  21,  1915.) 

§328.  Tanning,  skinning,  and  scouring  or  dressing  hides  and  leather  regulated. 

No  establishment  or  place  of  business  for  tanning,  skinning,  or  scouring,  or  for 
dressing  hides,  or  leather  shall  be  opened,  started,  established,  or  maintained  in  the 
city  of  New  York,  without  a  permit  therefor  issued  by  the  board  of  health  or  other¬ 
wise  than  in  accordance  with  the  terms  of  said  permit  and  with  the  regulations  of  said 
board.  (S.  C,  §88.) 

§329.  Business  of  rendering  and  melting  fat  regulated. 

The  business  of  rendering  or  melting  fat  shall  not  be  carried  on  in  the  city  of  New 
York,  without  a  permit  therefor  issued  by  the  board  of  health  or  otherwise  than  in 
accordance  with  the  terms  of  said  permit  and  with  the  regulations  of  said  board. 
(S.  C,  §95.) 

§330.  Business  of  manufacturing  or  preparing  sausages  and  smoking  or  pre¬ 
serving  meat  or  fish  regulated. 

The  business  of  manufacturing  or  preparing  sausages  or  smoking  or  pre¬ 
serving  meat  or  fish  shall  not  be  carried  on,  nor  shall  any  place  therefor  be  estab¬ 
lished,  in  the  city  of  New  York,  without  a  permit  therefor  issued  by  the  board  of  health 
or  otherwise  than  in  accordance  with  the  terms  of  said  permit  and  with  the  regulations 
of  said  board.  (S.  C,  §49a.) 


407 


CHAP.  20,  ART.  17,  SECS.  331-333. 


§331.  Business  of  breaking  out  eggs  regulated;  sale  of  “•  spots  ”  and  “spot 
eggs  ”  prohibited;  the  term  “spot”  and  “spot  eggs”  defined. 

No  person  shall  break  out  eggs  for  sale  or  conduct  the  business  of  breaking  out 
eggs  to  be  canned,  frozen,  dried,  or  used  in  any  other  manner,  in  the  city  of  New 
York,  and  no  eggs  broken  from  the  shell,  whether  canned,  frozen,  dried,  or  treated  in 
any  other  manner,  shall  be  received,  held,  sold,  offered  for  sale,  or  delivered  in  the 
said  city,  without  a  permit  therefor  issued  by  the  board  of  health  or  otherwise 
than  in  accordance  with  the  terms  of  said  permit  and  with  the  regulations  of  said 
board. 

(a)  No  person  shall  receive,  hold,  keep,  sell,  offer  for  sale,  or  deliver,  as  or  for 
food,  or  to  be  used  in  food,  in  the  city  of  New  York,  any  canned,  frozen  or  dried  eggs, 
or  eggs  broken  from  the  shell,  which  are  adulterated  or  to  which  has  been  added  any 
poisonous  ingredient  or  any  ingredient  which  may  render  such  eggs  injurious  to  health, 
or  to  which  has  been  added  any  antiseptic,  preservative,  or  foreign  substance  not 
evident  and  not  known  to  the  purchaser  or  consumer,  or  which  shall  contain  filthy, 
decomposed,  or  putrid  animal  matter. 

(b)  No  person  shall  keep,  sell  or  offer  for  sale  as  food  any  “spots”  or  “spot 
eggs.”  Such  eggs  in  the  possession  of  a  dealer  in  food  shall,  prima  facie;  be  deemed 
to  be  held,  kept,  and  offered  for  sale,  as  such  food. 

The  term  “spots”  and  “spot  eggs,”  when  used  herein,  shall  be  taken  to  mean  all 
eggs  that  are  partially  hatched,  broken  yolked,  blood  ringed  or  veined,  and  all  un¬ 
sound  eggs,  including  those  affected  by  moulds  or  which  are  partly  decomposed  or 
that  have  become  sour.  (S.  C.,  §48a.) 

§332.  Boiling  varnish  or  oil;  distilling  alcoholic  spirits;  making  lampblack, 
turpentine,  or  tar;  treating  and  refining  ores,  metals,  or  alloys  of 
metals;  regulated. 

No  person  shall  hereafter  erect  or  establish  in  the  city  of  New  York  any  manu¬ 
factory  or  place  of  business  for  boiling  any  varnish  or  oil,  for  the  distilling  of  any 
ardent  or  alcoholic  spirits,  for  making  any  lampblack,  turpentine,  or  tar,  for  the  treat¬ 
ing  and  refining  of  ores,  metals,  or  alloys  of  metals,  with  acids  or  heat,  or  for  con¬ 
ducting  any  other  business  that  will  or  does  generate  any  offensive  or  deleterious 
gas,  vapor,  deposit,  or  exhalation,  without  a  permit  therefor  issued  by  the  board  of 
health  or  otherwise  than  in  accordance  with  the  terms  of  said  permit  and  with  the 
regulations  of  said  board.  (S.  C.,  §94.) 

§333.  Gas  manufacture  regulated  and  restricted;  plans  of  building  and  location 
to  be  approved. 

No  person  or  corporation,  being  a  manufacturer  of  gas  or  engaged  in  or  about 
the  manufacture  thereof,  shall  throw  or  deposit  or  allow  to  run,  or  shall  permit  to 
be  thrown  or  deposited,  into  any  public  waters,  river,  or  stream,  or  into  any  sewer 
therewith  connected,  or  into  any  street  or  other  public  place,  any  gas,  tar,  or  any 

refuse  matter  of  or  from  any  gas-house  works,  manufactory,  mains,  or  service  pipes, 

or  permit  the  escape  of  any  offensive  odors  from  their  works,  mains,  or  pipes;  nor 
shall  any  such  person  or  corporation  permit  to  escape  from  any  of  their  works, 

mains,  or  pipes,  any  gas  dangerous  or  prejudicial  to  life  or  health,  or  manufacture 

illuminating  gas  of  such  ingredients  and  quality  that,  in  the  process  of  burning  it,  any 
substance  which  may  escape  therefrom  shall  be  dangerous  or  prejudicial  to  life  or 
health;  nor  shall  any  such  person  or  corporation  fail  to  use  the  most  approved  and 
all  reasonable  means  for  preventing  the  escape  of  odors. 

No  buildings  shall  be  erected  or  converted  into  or  used  as  a  place  for  the  manu¬ 
facture  of  illuminating  gas,  until  the  plans  of  such  buildings  and  the  location  thereof, 
shall  have  been  duly  approved  in  writing  by  the  board  of  health.  (S.  C.,  §89.) 

408 


SANITARY  CODE. 


§334.  Lodging  houses  regulated. 

No  lodging-house  containing  rooms  in  which  there  are  more  than  3  beds  for 
the  use  of  lodgers,  or  in  which  more  than  6  persons  are  allowed  to  sleep,  shall  be 
conducted,  maintained,  or  operated  in  the  city  of  New  York,  without  a  permit  therefor 
issued  by  the  board  of  health  or  otherwise  than  in  accordance  with  the  terms  of  the 
said  permit  and  the  regulations  of  the  said  board.  (S.  C.,  §21.) 

§335.  Barber  shops  regulated. 

No  barber  shop  in  the  city  of  New  York  shall  be  conducted  otherwise  than  in 
accordance  with  the  regulations  of  the  board  of  health.  (S.  C.,  §179.) 

§336.  Public  laundries  regulated. 

No  public  laundry  shall  be  conducted  otherwise  than  in  accordance  with  the  regu¬ 
lations  of  the  board  of  health.  The  provisions  of  this  section  shall  not  apply  to  the 
home  of  a  person  performing  laundry  work  thereat  for  a  regular  family  trade. 

§337.  Duty  of  employers  to  provide  means  to  prevent  occupational  diseases. 

Every  employer  shall  provide  reasonably  effective  devices,  means,  and  methods  to 
prevent  the  contraction  by  his  employees  of  any  illness  or  disease  incident  to  the  work 
or  process  in  which  such  employees  are  engaged. 

§338.  Manufacturing,  sorting  and  handling  cigars,  cigarettes  and  tobacco 
regulated. 

No  person  engaged,  in  the  city  of  New  York,  in  manufacturing,  sorting,  or 
handling,  cigars  or  cigarettes  or  in  preparing,  sorting,  or  handling,  tobacco  for  any 
purpose  shall,  at  any  time,  touch  with  lips,  teeth,  or  tongue  any  such  cigar  or 
cigarette  or  any  such  tobacco,  intended  to  be  sold  or  offered  for  sale;  nor  shall 
any  person  moisten  with  saliva,  directly  or  indirectly,  by  spitting,  or  by  use  of 
the  fingers,  or  utensils  or  accessories  of  any  kind,  any  such  cigar  or  cigarette  or 
any  such  tobacco;  nor  shall  any  person  spray  or  moisten  any  such  cigar  or  cigarette 
or  any  such  tobacco  by  means  of  water  or  any  other  liquid,  emitted  from  the  mouth; 
nor  shall  any  part  of  any  such  cigar  or  cigarette  be  allowed  to  touch  or  be  introduced 
into  the  nose  of  any  person. 

A  copy  of  this  section  shall  be  conspicuously  posted  in  every  place  where  such 
cigars  or  cigarettes  are,  or  tobacco  is  manufactured,  prepared,  sorted,  or  handled. 
(Amended  Dec.  21,  1915.) 

§339.  Removal  of  dust,  gases,  and  other  impurities  from  workrooms  by  suc¬ 
tion  devices. 

Every  factory  and  other  place  of  business  in  any  workroom  of  which,  in  the 
course  of  business,  dust,  gases,  fumes,  vapors,  fibers,  or  other  impurities  are  generated, 
released,  or  set  in  motion,  in  quantities  tending  to  injure  the  health  of  the  persons 
therein  employed,  shall  be  provided  with  suction  devices  that  will  remove  such  dust, 
gases,  fumes,  vapors,  fibers,  or  other  impurities  from  every  such  workroom,  and  such 
devices  shall  be  installed  as  near  as  practicable  to  the  place  where  such  dust,  gases, 
fume,  vapor,  fibers,  or  other  impurities  are  generated,  released,  or  set  in  motion. 
Such  devices  shall,  also,  be  kept  constantly  working  when  their  employment  is  neces¬ 
sary  to  meet  the  requirements  of  this  section. 

Every  factory  and  other  place  of  business  in  any  workroom  of  which,  through  the 
nature  of  the  business  carried  on,  excessive  heat  is  created  shall  be  provided  with  such 
means  or  appliances  as  will  appreciably  reduce  such  heat,  and  such  means  or  appli¬ 
ances  shall  be  contantly  employed  when  such  excessive  heat  is  being  created. 

§340.  Bathing  establishments  regulated. 

Bathing  suits  shall  not  be  hired  out,  nor  shall  any  bathing  establishment  be  main¬ 
tained  in  the  city  of  New  York  without  a  permit  therefor  issued  by  the  board  of 


409 


CHAP.  20,  ART.  17,  SECS.  341,  342. 


health  or  otherwise  than  in  accordance  with  the  terms  of  said  permit  and  the  regu¬ 
lations  of  said  board.  For  the  purpose  of  this  section,  the  expression  “bathing  estab- 
lishment,,  shall  be  taken  to  mean  and  include  every  building,  room,  enclosure,  place 
or  premises  wherein  bathing  is  permitted  for  hire  or  wherein  bathing  suits  are 
hired  out  or  which,  for  hire,  is  used  for  the  purpose  of  dressing  or  undressing  in 
connection  with  the  wearing,  putting  on  or  taking  off  of  bathing  suits.  (S.  C.,  §26.) 
(As  amended  by  the  Board  of  Health,  June  28,  1916,  and  further  amended  June  28, 
1917.) 

§341.  Ocean  bathing;  regulations  for  protection. 

Every  keeper  or  proprietor  of  a  hotel  or  boarding  house,  and  every  other  person 
having  a  bathing-house  upon  or  near  any  beach  or  shore  of  the  ocean,  for  the  accom¬ 
modation  of  his  guests  or  other  persons,  for  pay,  shall  provide  for  the  safety  of  such 
bathers  2  lines  of  sound,  serviceable,  and  strong  manila  or  hemp  rope,  not  less  than 
1  inch  in  diameter,  anchored  at  some  point  above  high  water,  at  the  same  distance 
apart  as  the  width  of  the  space  occupied  by  him  fronting  on  such  beach;  and  from 
the  two  points  at  which  such  life  lines  are  so  anchored,  such  lines  shall  be  made  to 
extend  as  far  into  the  surf  as  bathing  therein  is  ordinarily  safe  and  free  from  danger 
of  drowning  to  persons  not  expert  in  swimming,  and  at  such  limit  points  of  safety 
such  lines  shall  be  anchored  and  buoyed.  From  such  limit  points  of  such  lines  so 
extended,  anchored,  and  buoyed,  a  third  line  shall  be  extended,  connecting  the  two 
extremities  of  such  lines,  and  buoyed  at  such  points  as  to  be  principally  above  the 
surface  of  the  water,  thereby  inclosing  a  space  with  such  lines  and  the  beach  within 
which  bathing  is  believed  to  be  safe.  Every  such  keeper,  proprietor,  or  other  such 
person  shall  cause  to  be  painted  and  put  up  in  some  prominent  place  upon  the  beach, 
near  such  bathing-houses,  the  following  words:  “Bathing  beyond  the  lines  dangerous.” 
Such  lines  so  placed,  anchored,  and  buoyed,  and  such  notice  so  put  up,  shall  be  so 
maintained  by  every  such  keeper,  proprietor  or  other  person  during  the  entire  season 
of  surf  bathing.  The  owner  of  a  bathing  house  shall  not  be  subject  to  the  provisions 
of  this  section  where  such  bathing-house  is  used,  occupied,  or  maintained  by  a  lessee 
for  hire,  but,  in  such  instances,  the  lessee  shall  be  deemed  the  keeper  or  proprietor 
thereof.  (S.  C.,  §26.) 

§342.  Horseshoeing  establishments  regulated. 

No  horseshoeing  establishment  shall  be  conducted  or  maintained  in  the  city  of 
New  York  without  a  permit  therefor  issued  by  the  board  of  health,  or  otherwise 
than  in  accordance  with  the  terms  of  such  permit  and  the  regulations  of  said  board. 
(Added  Dec.  21,  1915.) 

ARTICLE  18. 

Vessels  and  Seamen. 

Duties  of  masters,  chiefs  officers,  and  physicians. 

Vessels  from  infected  ports,  or  liable  to  quarantine;  not  to  be  brought 
within  three  hundred  yards  of  docks  or  piers  unless  permitted. 
Vessels  not  in  quarantine;  duty  of  master,  chief  officers,  and  con¬ 
signee  to  make  daily  reports. 

Removal  of  persons  sick  of  an  infectious  disease  prohibited. 
Removal  of  persons  and  articles  exposed  to  infectious  disease  re¬ 
stricted;  permit  required. 

Straw,  bedding,  clothing,  and  other  substances ;  not  to  be  cast  into 
public  waters. 

Births,  marriages,  and  deaths;  duty  of  officers,  surgeons  and  others 
to  report. 


Section  351. 

352. 

353. 

354. 

355. 

356. 

357. 


410 


SANITARY  CODE . 


Section  358. 

359. 

360. 

361. 

362. 


Discharge  of  cargo  regulated. 

Skins,  hides,  rags,  straw,  bedding,  and  other  articles  and  materials; 

removal  and  distribution  regulated. 

Houseboats;  fhe  use  thereof  regulated. 

Boats  and  other  water  craft;  loud  and  explosive  noises  prohibited. 
Duties  of  keepers,  lessees,  tenants,  and  owners  of  boarding-houses 
and  lodging-houses. 


§351.  Duties  of  masters,  chief  officers,  and  physicians. 

Every  master  and  chief  officer  of  any  vessel,  and  every  physician  of,  or  who  has 
practiced  on,  any  vessel,  which  shall  arrive  in  the  port  of  New  York  from  any  other 
port,  shall  at  once  report  to  the  department  of  health  any  facts  connected  with  any 
person  or  thing  on  said  vessel,  or  that  came  thereon,  which  he  has  reason  to  think 
may  endanger  the  public  health  of  the  city  of  New  York;  and  he  shall  report  the 
facts  as  to  any  person  thereon  being  or  having  been  sick  of  an  infectious  disease,  and 
as  to  there  being  or  having  been  thereon  during  the  voyage  or  since  the  arrival  of  any 
such  vessel  any  infected  person  or  articles.  (S.  C.,  §151.) 

§352.  Vessels  from  infected  ports,  or  liable  to  quarantine;  not  to  be  brought 
within  three  hundred  yards  of  docks  or  piers  unless  permitted. 

No  master,  charterer,  consignee,  or  other  person  shall  order,  bring,  or  allow  (hav¬ 
ing  power  and  authority  to  prevent)  any  vessel  or  person,  or  article  therefrom,  from 
any  infected  port,  or  any  vessel,  or  person  or  article  therefrom,  liable  to  quarantine, 
according  to  the  ninth  section  of  the  three  hundred  and  fifty-eighth  chapter  of  the 
laws  of  1863  (or  under  any  other  laws,  and  whether  such  quarantine  has  been  made 
or  suffered  or  not),  to  come  or  be  brought  to  any  point  nearer  than  300 
yards  from  any  dock,  pier,  or  building,  in  the  city  of  New  York,  without  a  permit 
therefor  issued  by  the  board  of  health,  or  otherwise  than  in  accordance  with  the  terms 
of  said  permit  and  with  the  regulations  of  said  board.  Nor  shall  any  vessel,  or  person 
or  thing  therein  or  therefrom,  having  been  in  quarantine,  come  or  be  brought  or  be 
permitted  to  remain  within  the  last-named  distance  of  any  last-named  place,  without  a 
permit  therefor  issued  by  the  board  of  health,  or  otherwise  than  in  accordance  with 
the  terms  of  said  permit  and  with  regulations  of  said  board.  (S.  C.,  §155;  as  amended 
Dec.  21,  1915.) 

§353.  Vessels  not  in  quarantine;  duty  of  master,  chief  officers,  and  consignee 
to  make  daily  reports. 

The  master,  chief  officer,  and  consignee,  of  every  vessel  not  being  in  quarantine, 
or  within  quarantine  limits,  but  being  within  of  a  mile  of  any  dock,  wharf, 
pier,  or  building  of  the  city  of  New  York,  shall  daily  report  to  the  department  of 
health,  or  cause  to  be  reported  thereto,  in  writing,  the  particulars,  and  shall  therein 
state  the  name,  disease,  and  condition,  of  any  person  in  or  on  such  vessel  who  is 
sick  of  any  infectious  disease.  (S.  C,  §149.) 

§354.  Removal  of  persons  sick  of  an  infectious  disease  prohibited. 

No  person  shall  bring  into  the  city  of  New  York  from  any  infected  place,  or  land 
at  or  take  into  the  said  city  from  any  vessel  lately  from  an  infected  port,  or  from  any 
vessel  or  building  in  which  has  lately  been  any  person  sick  of  an  infectious  disease,  any 
article  or  person  whatsoever,  nor  shall  any  such  latter  person  land  or  come  into  said 
city,  without  a  permit  therefor  issued  by  the  board  of  health  or  otherwise  than  in 
accordance  with  the  terms  and  conditions  of  said  permit;  and  it  shall  be  no  excuse 
that  the  person  so  offending,  or  the  article  involved  in  the  offense,  has  passed  through 
quarantine,  or  that  a  permit  therefor  has  been  obtained  from  any  other  source  than  the 
said  board.  (S.  C,  §156.) 


411 


CHAP.  20,  ART.  18,  SECS.  355-359. 


§355.  Removal  of  persons  and  articles  exposed  to  infectious  diseases  restricted; 
permit  required. 

No  captain,  officer,  consignee,  owner,  or  other  person  in  charge  of  any  vessel  or 
having  right  and  authority  to  prevent)  shall  remove  or  aid  in  removing  from  any  ves¬ 
sel  to  the  shore  (save  as  legally  authorized  by  the  health  officer  of  the  port  of  New 
York,  and  then  into  quarantine  grounds  and  buildings  only)  any  person  sick  of,  or 
person  that  has  been  exposed  to  and  is  liable  very  soon  to  develop,  any  infectious  dis¬ 
ease,  or  so  remove  or  aid  in  removing  any  articles  that  may  have  been  exposed  to  the 
contagion  of  any  such  disease,  without  or  otherwise  than  in  accordance  with  the  terms 
and  conditions  of  a  permit  therefor  issued  by  the  board  of  health.  (S.  C.,  §154.) 

§356.  Straw,  bedding,  clothing,  and  other  substances;  not  to  be  cast  into 
public  waters. 

No  owner,  part  owner,  charterer,  agent,  or  consignee  of  any  vessel,  or  any  officer 
or  person  having  charge  or  control  of  the  same,  shall  cast  or  allow  to  be  cast,  there¬ 
from,  into  any  public  waters  of  the  city  of  New  York,  any  straw,  bedding,  clothing, 
or  other  substance.  (  S.  C.,  §157.) 

§357.  Births,  marriages,  and  deaths;  duty  of  officers,  surgeons,  and  others  to 
report. 

The  master,  chief  officer,  ship’s  surgeon,  or  the  company,  corporation,  charterer, 
or  person  having  the  management  and  control,  of  any  vessel  which  shall  arrive  at  the 
port  of  New  York,  shall  report,  in  writing,  to  the  department  of  health  of  the  city  of 
New  York,  within  3  days  after  the  arrival  of  such  vessel,  the  death  or  marriage 
of  any  resident  of  said  city,  or  the  birth  of  any  child,  whose  parents  are  residents  or 
parent  is  a  resident  of  said  city,  occurring  thereon  at  sea,  and  shall  file  in  the  bureau 
of  records  of  said  department  a  transcript  of  the  entry  made  in  the  log  book  of  such 
vessel,  in  respect  to  any  such  death,  marriage,  or  birth.  A  transcript  of  any  death, 
marriage,  or  birth  filed  as  aforesaid  may  be  issued,  in  the  discretion  of  said  depart¬ 
ment,  to  any  person  entitled  to  receive  the  same.  (S.  C.,  §151a.) 

§358.  Discharge  of  cargo  regulated. 

No  owner,  agent,  or  consignee,  c/f  any  vessel,  or  cargo,  and  no  officer  of  any  vessel 
(in  respect  of  either  of  which  vessel  or  cargo  a  permit,  according  to  any  law,  ordinance, 
or  regulation  shall  or  should  have  been  obtained  to  pass  quarantine,  or  to  come  up 
to  the  water-front  of  the  city  of  New  York)  shall  unload,  or  land,  or  cause  to  be  un¬ 
laden  or  landed,  such  cargo,  or  any  part  thereof,  at  any  place  in  said  city,  without  or 
otherwise  than  in  accordance  with  the  terms  and  conditions  of  a  permit  therefor  issued 
by  the  board  of  health.  (S.  C.,  §153.) 

§359.  Skins,  hides,  rags,  straw,  bedding,  and  other  articles  and  materials; 
removal  and  distribution  regulated. 

No  master,  charterer,  owner,  part  owner,  or  consignee  of  any  vessel,  o'r  any  other 
person,  shall  bring  nearer  to  any  dock,  pier,  wharf,  or  building,  than  1,000  feet 
therefrom  in  the  city  of  New  York,  or  unload  at  any  dock,  pier,  wharf,  or  building, 
therein  or  have  on  storage  in  the  built-up  portions  of  said  city,  any  skins,  hides,  rags, 
or  similar  articles  or  materials  which  have  been  brought  from  any  foreign  country  or 
any  infected  place,  or  from  any  points  south  of  Norfolk,  Virginia,  without  or  other¬ 
wise  than  in  accordance  with  the  terms  and  conditions  of  a  permit  therefor  issued  by 
the  board  of  health,  and  no  person  shall  sell,  exchange,  remove,  or  in  any  way  expose, 
any  straw,  bedding,  or  other  articles  used  by  immigrants  upon  any  vessel  bringing  im¬ 
migrants  to  this  port,  until  it  shall  have  been  adequately  and  properly  cleansed  or 
disinfected;  and  all  straw,  bedding,  or  other  articles  that  have  been  exposed  on  any 
vessel  tcJ  the  contagion  or  infection  of  any  infectious  disease,  or  have  been  or  are 

412 


SANITARY  CODE. 


liable  to  communicate  such  disease,  shall  be  destroyed  by  fire  on  said  vessel.  (S.  C., 
§152.) 

§360.  Houseboats;  the  use  thereof  regulated. 

No  houseboat,  while  used  or  occupied  as  such,  shall  be  moored,  anchored,  or 
located  in  the  waters  of  any  inlet  or  bay  within  the  territorial  limits  of  the  city  of 
New  York,  except  the  upper  or  lower  bay  of  New  York  harbor,  without  a  permit 
therefor  issued  by  the  board  of  health  or  otherwise  than  in  accordance  with  the 
terms  of  said  permit  and  with  the  regulations  of  said  board;  and  no  person  shall  use 
or  occupy  for  living  purposes  any  such  boat  so  moored,  anchored,  or  located,  unless 
a  permit  for  such  boat  has  been  issued  as  hereinbefore  provided,  or  than  otherwise 
than  in  accordance  with  the  terms  of  said  permit  and  the  regulations  of  said  board. 
(S.  C.,  §157a.) 

§361.  Boats  and  other  water  craft;  loud  and  explosive  noises  prohibited. 

All  boats  or  other  water  craft  plying  on  any  of  the  waters  of  or  adjacent  to  the 
city  of  New  York,  equipped  with  a  gasoline  or  other  internal  combustion  engine  in 
which  a  gas  is  generated  or  used  for  purposes  of  propulsion,  shall  be  constructed  so 
that  the  exhaust  from  such  engine  is  made  to  discharge  into  a  muffler  or  other  device 
which  shall  prevent  loud  or  explosive  noises  occurring  on  or  about  any  such  boat  or 
craft;  and  no  person  having  the  management  and  control  of  any  such  boat  Or  craft, 
or  operating  the  engine  thereon,  shall  cause,  permit,  suffer,  or  allow  the  exhaust  from 
such  engine  to  discharge  into  the  open  air,  or  otherwise  than  into  a  muffler  or  Other 
device  which  will  prevent  loud  or  explosive  noises  occurring  on  or  about  any  such  boat 
or  craft.  (S.  C.,  §188.) 

§362.  Duties  of  keepers,  lessees,  tenants,  and  owners  of  boarding=houses  and 
lodging=houses. 

The  keepers,  lessees,  tenants,  and  owners  of  every  boarding-house  and  lodging- 
house  shall  forthwith  notify  the  department  of  health  of  the  fact  of  any  seafaring 
man,  or  person  coming  lately  from  any  vessel,  being  taken  sick  at  such  house,  and 
shall,  at  the  same  time,  inform  the  said  department  of  the  premises  where  such  sick 
person  may  be  found,  and  of  the  name  of  the  vessel  froto  which  and  the  time  when 
such  person  came,  to  the  best  of  the  knowledge  of  the  person  or  persons  giving  such 
notice  and  information.  (S.  C.,  §150.) 


413 


CHAPTER  21. 
SEWERS  AND  DRAINS. 


Article  1. 

General  provisions. 

2. 

Construction. 

3. 

Maintenance 

ARTICLE  1. 

General  Provisions 

Section  1. 

Jurisdiction. 

§1.  Jurisdiction. 

All  sewers  and  drains  in  streets  or  public  places  shall  be  under  the  charge  of  the 
president  of  the  borough  in  which  the  same  are  situated,  who  shall  keep  the  same  in 
good  order  and  condition,  and  clean  and  free  from  obstructions.  He  shall  cause  such 
repairs  to  be  made  to  sewers,  drains  and  to  the  receiving  basins,  culverts  and  openings 
connected  therewith,  as  may  fro'm  time  to  time  become  necessary;  provided  that  such 
sewer  culverts  shall  be  cleaned  at  night  and  not  in  the  daytime.  (C.  O.,  §152.) 


ARTICLE  2. 
Construction. 


Section  10. 
11. 
12. 

13. 

14. 

15. 


Construction  generally. 

Private  constructions. 

Fees  for  connections. 

Constructors ;  license  and  bond. 

Notice  to  public  service  corporations. 
Water  connections. 


§10.  Construction  generally. 

1.  Permit.  No  connection  shall  be  made  with  any  sewer  or  drain  without  a 
written  permit  therefor,  issued  by  the  borough  president  having  jurisdiction.  (C.  O., 
§156.) 

2.  Mode  and  materials  of  construction.  Each  borough  president,  within  his 
jurisdiction,  shall  prescribe  the  mode  of  piercing  or  opening  sewers  or  drains  and  the 
form,  size  and  material  of  which  connections  therewith  shall  be  composed,  and  shall 
have  authority  to  grant  permission  to  make  lateral  connections  with  said  sewers.  No 
perso'n  shall  make  any  connection  with  or  opening  into  any  sewer,  in  a  mode  different 
from  that  prescribed  therefor  by  the  borough  president,  under  the  penalty  of  $50 
(C.  O.,  §§153,  156;  §1,  Richmond  ords.,  and  §§14,  15,  17,  Flushing  ords.) 

§11.  Private  constructions. 

Within  his  jurisdiction,  each  borough  president  may  issue  permits  to  persons  to 
construct,  at  their  own  expense,  sewers  or  drains,  or  to  lay  pipes  or  connect  with 
any  sewers  or  drains  built  in  any  street;  but  such  permission  shall  not  be  granted 
except  upon  the  agreement,  in  writing,  of  the  person  applying  therefor,  that  they 
will  comply  with  the  provisions  of  chapter  23  of  this  ordinance,  in  relation  to  ex¬ 
cavations  in  streets;  that  they  will  indemnify  the  city  for  any  damages  or  costs  to 
which  it  may  be  put,  by  reason  of  injuries  resulting  from  neglect  or  carelessness  in 
performing  the  work  so  permitted,  and  that  no  claim  will  be  made  by  them  Or  their 
successors  in  interest  against  the  city  if  the  work  so  permitted  shall  be  taken  up  by 
the  authority  of  the  board  of  aldermen,  or  for  exemption  from  an  assessment  law¬ 
fully  imposed  for  constructing  sewers  or  drains  in  the  vicinity  of  their  property;  and 
upon  the  further  condition  that  the  board  at  any  time  may  revoke  and  annul  such 

414 


SEWERS  AND  DRAINS. 


permission  and  direct  such  sewers,  drains  c*r  pipes  to  be  taken  up  or  removed. 
(Amended  by  ord.  effective  Dec.  28,  1915.) 

§12.  Fees  for  constructions. 

1.  Private.  The  fee  to  be  paid  to  the  respective  borough  presidents  for  a  permit 
for  each  connection  made  either  directly  or  indirectly,  with  any  public  sewer  or  drain, 
shall  be  as  follows : 

In  the  borough  of  Manhattan,  $10; 

In  the  borough  of  Brooklyn,  $10; 

In  the  borough  of  Queens,  $5 ; 

In  the  borough  of  The  Bronx,  $5 ; 

In  the  borough  of  Richmond,  $5. 

No  additional  charge  shall  be  made  for  the  sewer  connection  to  a  building  erected 
in  place  o'f  one  that  has  been  removed,  demolished  or  destroyed  in  whole  or  in  part, 
or  for  extensions  or  alterations  made  to  same,  unless  actually  a  new  connection  be 
required.  (C.  O.,  §158,  as  amended  by  ord.  effective  May  6,  1913;  §2,  Bronx  ords. ; 
§12,  Richmond  ords.;  §16,  Flushing  ords.) 

2.  Public.  All  plumbing  contractors  performing  work  on  any  municipal  or  public 
building  in  the  city  shall  be  exempt  fro'm  charge  or  fees  for  connecting  into  any  public 
sewer  in  any  street,  except  a  nominal  charge  of  $10  for  each  such  municipal  or  public 
building  owned  by  the  city.  (Ord.  effective  July  2,  1912.) 

§13.  Constructors;  license  and  bond. 

All  openings  into  any  sewers  or  drains,  for  the  purpose  of  making  connection 
therewith,  from  any  house,  cellar,  vault,  yard  or  other  premises,  shall  be  made  by  per¬ 
sons  to  be  licensed  by  the  several  borough  presidents,  in  writing,  to  perform  such  work, 
who,  before  being  so  licensed,  shall  execute  a  bond  to  the  city  in  the  sum  o'f  $1,000, 
with  1  or  more  sureties  to  be  approved  by  the  borough  president  issuing  such  license, 
conditioned  that  they  will  carefully  make  all  openings  into  any  sewer  or  drain  in  the 
manner  prescribed  by  the  borough  president  having  jurisdiction,  without  injuring  the 
same;  that  they  will  leave  no  obstructions  of  any  description  whatever  in,  and  will 
properly  close  up  the  sewer  or  drain  around  the  connection  made  by  them  and  make 
no  opening  into  the  arch  of  any  sewer  or  drain;  that  they  will  faithfully  comply  with 
the  provisions  of  this  ordinance  relating  to  opening  and  excavating  streets ;  be  respon¬ 
sible  fo>r  any  damages  or  injuries  that  may  accrue  to  persons,  animals  or  property,  by 
reason  of  any  opening  in  any  street  made  by  them  or  those  in  their  employ,  and  that 
they  will  properly  refill  and  ram  the  earth,  and  suitably  restore  the  pavement  taken 
up  for  excavating  and  repave  the  same,  should  it  settle  or  become  out  of  order  within 
6  months  thereafter.  In  case  any  person  so  licensed  shall  neglect  to  repair  the  pave¬ 
ment  aforesaid,  within  24  hours  after  being  notified,  the  borough  president  having 
jurisdiction  may  cause  the  same  to  be  done  and  charge  the  expense  thereof  to  such 
licensee.  (C.  O.,  §157.) 

§14.  Notice  to  public  service  corporations. 

Whenever  any  sewer,  culvert,  water  main  or  pipe  is  to  be  constructed,  altered  or 
repaired  in  any  street  in  which  the  pipes,  mains  or  conduits  of  public  service  corpora¬ 
tions  are  laid,  or  whenever  any  such  street  shall  be  regulated  or  graded,  the  contractor 
therefor  shall  give  notice,  in  writing,  of  the  same  to  such  corporations,  or  to  the  one 
whose  pipes,  mains  or  conduits  are  laid  in  the  street  about  being  disturbed  by  the  con¬ 
struction,  alteration,  or  repairing  of  such  sewer,  culvert,  water  mains  or  pipes,  or  by 
the  regulating  or  grading  thereof,  at  least  24  hours  before  breaking  ground  therefor. 
(C.  O.,  §163;  amended  by  ord.  effective  January  26,  1915.) 

§15.  Water  connections. 

All  connections,  with  sewers  or  drains,  used  for  the  purpose  of  carrying  off  wastes 
from  water  closets,  kitchen  sinks  or  otherwise,  shall  have  facilities  for  a  sufficiency 

415 


CHAP.  21,  ART.  2 ,  SECS.  20-24. 


of  water  to  be  properly  discharged,  so  as  to  safely  carry  off  such  matters,  under  the 
penalty  of  $5  for  each  day  the  fixtures  are  permitted  to  remain  without  adequate 
means  for  such  water  supply.  (C.  O.,  §159;  amended  by  ord.  effective  May  6,  1913.) 


Section  20. 
21. 
22. 

23. 

24. 


ARTICLE  3. 
Maintenance. 

Obstructing  substances. 

Volatile  inflammable  liquids. 

Steam  and  hot  water. 

Injury  to  sewers,  basins  and  manholes. 
Violations. 


§20.  Obstructing  substances. 

No  person  shall  permit  any  substance  to  flow  or  pass  into  any  sewer,  drain  or 
receiving  basin,  connecting  with  a  public  sewer,  which  may  form  a  deposit  tending  to 
choke  said  sewer,  drain  or  basin.  (C.  O.,  §158;  amended  by  ord.  effective  May  6, 
1913,  and  C.  O.,  §160.) 

§21.  Volatile  inflammable  liquids. 

No  connection  with,  or  opening  into,  or  gutter  leading  into  any  sewer  or  drain, 
either  public  or  private,  shall  be  used  for  the  conveyance  or  discharge,  directly  or 
indirectly,  into  said  sewer  or  drain,  of  any  volatile  inflammable  liquid,  gas  or  vapor; 
it  being  noted  that  a  volatile  inflammable  liquid  is  any  liquid  that  will  emit  an 
inflammable  vapor  at  a  temperature  below  160  degrees,  Fahrenheit.  (C.  O.,  §561; 
amended  by  ord.  approved  Aug.  8,  1916.) 

§22.  Steam  and  hot  water. 

No  connection  with  or  opening  into  any  sewer  or  drain  shall  be  used  for  the  con¬ 
veyance  or  discharge  into  said  sewer  or  drain  of  steam  or  hot  water,  above  100  degrees, 
Fahrenheit,  from  any  boiler  or  engine,  or  from  any  manufactory  or  building  in  which 
steam  is  either  used  or  generated ;  nor  shall  any  person  discharge  or  permit  steam  to 
escape  into  any  sewer,  drain  or  public  street,  from  any  stopcock,  valve  or  other 
opening  in  any  steam  pipe  or  main.  The  borough  president  having  jurisdiction  of 
said  sewer  or  drain  is  hereby  authorized  and  directed,  upon  tfre  expiration  of  5  days 
after  notice,  to  discontinue  the  discharge  of  steam  or  hot  water  from  any  con¬ 
nection,  to  cancel  the  permit  for  such  connection,  and  -to  close  up  and  remove  the 
same,  if  the  discharge  of  steam  or  hot  water  therefrom  shall  not  have  been  discon¬ 
tinued.  The  penalty  prescribed  by  §24  of  this  article  shall  be  imposed  upon  and 
recovered  from  the  owner  and  occupants,  severally  and  respectively,  of  any  manu¬ 
factory  or  building,  or  any  corporation  violating  any  provision  of  this  section.  (C.  O., 
§168.) 

§23.  Injury  to  sewers,  basins  and  manholes. 

No  person  shall  injure,  break  or  remove  any  portion  of  any  receiving  basin,  cover¬ 
ing,  flag,  manhole,  vent,  or  any  part  of  any  sewer  or  drain,  nor  obstruct  the  mouth  of 
any  sewer  or  drain,  nor  shall  any  person  place  or  deposit  any  substance  exceeding 
1  ton  in  weight  upon  any  wharf  or  bulkhead  through  which  any  sewer  or  drain 
may  run ;  nor  upon  or  over  any  sewer  or  drain  where  the  same  shall  be  within  3  feet 
of  the  surface  of  the  street.  (C.  O.,  §160.) 

§24.  Violations. 

Any  person  who  shall  violate  any  provision  of  this  chapter  shall  be  liable  for  a 
penalty  of  $50,  and  may  also  be  prosecuted  criminally.  Any  person  convicted  of  any 
violation  of  the  provisions  of  this  article  shall  be  punished  by  a  fine  of  not  more  than 
$50,  or  by  imprisonment  for  not  exceeding  30  days,  or  by  both  such  fine  and  imprison¬ 
ment.  (C.  O.,  §§160,  562.) 


416 


CHAPTER  22. 
STREET  CLEANING. 


Article  1.  General  provisions. 

2.  Refuse  and  rubbish. 

3.  Snow  and  ice. 

ARTICLE  1. 

General  Provisions. 

Section  1.  Reimbursement  for  removal  of  rubbish  or  snow. 

§1.  Reimbursement  for  removal  of  rubbish  or  snow. 

Whenever  any  owner,  lessee,  tenant,  occupant,  or  other  person,  having  charge  of 
any  building  or  lot  of  ground  abutting  upon  any  street  or  public  place,  where  the  side¬ 
walk  is  paved,  shall  fail  to  comply  with  any  provision  of  this  chapter  for  the  removal 
of  snow  and  ice,  dirt,  or  other  material  from  the  sidewalk  and  gutter  on  the  side  of 
the  street  on  which  said  building  or  lot  abuts,  the  commissioner  of  street  cleaning,  or 
the  borough  president  of  Queens  or  Richmond,  as  the  case  may  be,  may  cause  such 
removal  to  be  made,  meeting  such  expense  from  any  suitable  street  cleaning  or 
highway  fund.  Thereafter,  the  expense  of  such  removal  as  to  each  particular  lot  of 
ground  shall  be  ascertained  and  certified  by  the  commissioner  of  street  cleaning,  or 
by  the  president  of  the  borough  of  Queens  or  Richmond,  to  the  comptroller,  and 
the  board  of  estimate  may  authorize  such  additional  expenditures  as  may  be  required, 
for  the  removal  of  the  snow,  dirt  or  other  material,  to  be  repaid  to  the  fund  from 
which  the  payments  were  made,  or,  instead,  in  the  borough  of  Queens  or  Rich¬ 
mond,  to  the  special  fund  for  restoring  and  repaving  in  said  boroughs,  if  the  presi¬ 
dents  thereof  so  elect,  with  proceeds  from  the  issue  and  sale  of  revenue  bonds, 
which  shall  be  sold  by  the  comptroller  as  provided  by  law.  The  commissioner  of 
street  cleaning,  or  borough  president  of  Queens  or  Richmond,  as  the  case  may  be, 
shall,  as  soon  as  possible  after  the  work  is  done,  certify  to  the  corporation  counsel 
the  amount  of  expense  therefor,  chargeable  against  each  piece  of  property,  who  shall 
sue  and  recover  the  amount  of  such  expense  from  the  owner  of  such  property,  together 
with  a  penalty  of  $3  for  each  offense.  (C.  O.,  §414.) 


ARTICLE  2. 


Section  10. 
11. 
12. 

13. 

14. 

15. 

16. 
17. 


Refuse  and  Rubbish. 

Throwing  refuse  into  streets  and  vacant  lots. 
Interference  with  deposits  of  rubbish  or  refuse. 
Fruit  skins  on  sidewalks. 

Droppings  from  vehicles. 

Offensive  matter. 

Handbills,  cards  and  circulars. 

Sprinkling  streets. 

Protection  of  sewers. 


§10.  Throwing  refuse  into  streets  and  vacant  lots. 

1.  Prohibited.  No  person  or  persons  shall  throw,  cast  or  lay,  or  direct,  suffer 
or  permit  any  servant,  agent  or  employee  to  throw,  cast  or  lay  any  ashes,  offal, 
vegetables,  garbage,  dross,  cinders,  shells,  straw,  shavings,  paper,  dirt,  filth,  broken 
glassware,  crockery,  bottles  or  rubbish  of  any  kind  whatsoever  in  or  upon  any 
vacant  lot,  lots  or  plot,  except  where  ashes  or  dirt  may  be  used  for  filling  in  pur- 

417 


CHAP.  22,  ART.  2,  SECS.  11-15. 


poses  under  a  permit  secured  from  the  department  or  bureau  having  jurisdiction, 
or  in  any  street,  either  upon  the  roadway  or  sidewalk  thereof.  (Amended  by  ord. 
effective  April  3,  1917.) 

2.  Sidewalk  sweepings.  In  the  boroughs  of  Manhattan,  Brooklyn  and  The  Bronx 
dust  from  the  sidewalks  may  be  swept  into  the  gutter  in  the  morning  before  8 
o’clock,  or  before  the  sweeping  of  the  roadway  by  the  department  of  street  cleaning, 
if  there  piled;  but  not  otherwise,  and  at  no  other  time.  (Id.) 

3.  Interference  with  street-cleaners.  No  person  shall  prevent  or  interfere  with 
any  employee  of  the  department  of  street  cleaning  in  the  sweeping  or  cleaning  of  any 
street,  or  in  the  removal  of  sweepings,  ashes,  garbage,  rubbish,  snow,  ice,  or  other 
refuse  material.  (§3,  Manhattan  ords.) 

§11.  Interference  with  deposits  of  rubbish  or  refuse. 

No  person,  other  than  an  authorized  employee  or  agent  of  the  department  of  street 
cleaning  or  the  bureau  of  street  cleaning  in  the  boroughs  of  Queens  or  Richmond, 
shall  disturb  or  remove  any  ashes,  garbage  or  light  refuse  or  rubbish  placed  by  house¬ 
holders,  or  their  tenants,  or  by  occupants  or  their  servants,  within  the  stoop  or  area 
line,  or  in  front  of  houses  or  lots,  for  removal,  unless  requested  by  residents  of  such 
houses.  (C.  O.,  §405.) 

§12.  Fruit  skins  on  sidewalks. 

1.  Prohibited.  No  person  shall  cast,  throw  or  deposit  on  any  sidewalk  or  cross¬ 
ing,  in  any  street  or  public  place,  any  part  or  portion  of  any  fruit  or  vegetable,  or  other 
substance,  which,  when  stepped  upon  by  any  one,  is  liable  to  cause,  or  does  cause, 
him  or  her  to  slip  or  fall.  (C.  O.,  §271.) 

2.  Copy  of  section  to  be  posted.  The  proprietor  of  every  store,  stand  or  other 
place  where  fruit  or  vegetable,  or  other  substance  mentioned  in  subdivision  1,  of  this 
section,  is  sold,  shall  keep  constantly  suspended  therein  or  posted  thereon,  in  some 
conspicuous  place,  a  copy  of  this  section  printed  in  large  type,  so  that  persons  pur¬ 
chasing  fruit  or  vegetables,  or  other  such  substance,  may  become  aware  of  its  pro¬ 
visions.  (C.  O.,  §272.) 

§13.  Droppings  from  vehicles. 

No  one,  being  the  owner,  driver,  manager  or  conductor  of  any  cart  or  other 
vehicle,  or  of  any  receptacle,  shall  scatter,  drop  or  spill,  or  permit  to  be  scattered, 
dropped  or  spilled,  any  dirt,  sand,  gravel,  clay,  loam,  stone  or  building  rubbish, 
hay,  straw,  oats,  sawdust,  shavings  or  other  light  materials  of  any  sort,  or  manufac¬ 
turing,  trade  or  household  waste,  refuse,  rubbish  of  any  sort,  or  ashes,  manure, 
garbage  or  other  organic  refuse  or  other  offensive  matter  therefrom,  or  permit  the 
same  to  be  blown  off  therefrom  by  the  wind,  in  or  upon  any  street  or  public  place. 
(C.  0.,  §407.) 

§14.  Offensive  matter. 

No  person  shall  allow  any  swill,  brine,  urine  of  animals  or  other  offensive  animal 
matter,  nor  any  stinking,  noxious  liquid  or  other  filthy  matter  of  any  kind,  to  run  or 
fall  into  or  upon  any  street  or  public  place,  or  be  taken  or  put  therein.  (San.  Code, 
§102.) 

§15.  Handbills,  cards  and  circulars. 

No  person  shall  throw,  cast  or  distribute,  or  cause  to  be  thrown,  cast  or  distributed, 
any  hand  bill,  circular,  card  or  other  advertising  matter  whatsoever,  in  or  upon  any 
street  or  public  place,  or  in  a  front  yard  or  court  yard,  or  on  any  stoop,  or  in  the 
vestibule  or  any  hall  of  any  building,  or  in  a  letterbox  therein ;  provided  that  nothing 
herein  contained  shall  be  deemed  to  prohibit  or  otherwise  regulate  the  delivery  of  any 

418 


STREET  CLEANING. 


such  matter  by  the  postal  service.  (C.  O.,  §408;  amended  by  ord.  effective  July  7, 
1914.) 

§16.  Sprinkling  streets. 

All  persons  engaged  in  sprinkling  the  streets  shall  be  required  to  contract  with 
the  commissioner  of  water  supply,  gas  and  electricity  for  the  purchase  and  sale  of  the 
water  necessary  therefor,  and  to  obtain  the  approval  of  the  president  of  the  borough 
to  such  contract,  but  in  no  case  shall  more  water  be  contracted  for  or  used  than  shall 
be  sufficient  thoroughly  to  lay  the  dust  on  such  streets.  Every  street  railroad  cor¬ 
poration  in  the  boroughs  of  Richmond  and  Queens  shall  sprinkle  the  pavement,  be¬ 
tween  its  tracks  and  rails,  when  and  as  often  as  directed  by  the  superintendent  of 
highways.  Water  shall  be  furnished  for  this  purpose  free  of  charge  by  the  city. 
(C.  O.,  §406.) 

§17.  Protection  of  sewers. 

Every  person,  when  cleaning  any  street,  shall  clean,  and  every  contractor  shall 
cause  to  be  cleaned,  the  gutters  and  parts  of  the  street  along  which  the  water  will  run, 
before  using  any  water  to  wash  the  same;  and  no  substance  that  could  have  been 
scraped  away  shall  be  washed,  or  allowed  to  be  carried,  or  be  put  into  a  sewer,  or 
into  any  receptacle  therewith  connected.  (C.  O.,  §162.) 


Section  20. 
21. 
22. 

23. 

24. 


ARTICLE  3. 

Snow  and  Ice. 

Removal  from  roadways  and  crosswalks. 
Property  owners’  duties. 

Street  railroad  companies;  responsibilities  of. 
Salting  tracks. 

Dumping. 


§20.  Removal  from  roadways  and  crosswalks. 

The  commissioner  of  street  cleaning  and  the  borough  presidents  of  Queens  and 
Richmond,  immediately  after  every  snowfall  or  the  formation  of  ice  on  the  crosswalks 
or  in  culverts,  paved  streets  or  public  places,  shall  forthwith  cause  the  removal  of  the 
same,  and  shall  keep  all  crosswalks  and  culverts  clean  and  free  from  obstruction. 
(C.  O.,  §415.) 

§21.  Property  owners’  duties. 

1.  Must  clear  sidewalks.  Every  owner,  lessee,  tenant,  occupant,  or  other  person 
having  charge  of  any  building  or  lot  of  ground  in  the  city,  abutting  upon  any  street 
or  public  place  where  the  sidewalk  is  paved,  shall,  within  4  hours  after  the  snow 
ceases  to  fall,  or  after  the  deposit  of  any  dirt  or  other  material  upon  said  sidewalk, 
remove  the  snow  and  ice,  dirt  or  other  material  from  the  sidewalk  and  gutter,  the 
time  between  9  p.  m.  and  7  a.  m.  not  being  included  in  the  above  period  of  4  hours; 
provided,  however,  that  such  removal  shall  in  all  cases  be  made  before  the  removal  of 
snow  and  ice  from  the  roadway  by  the  commissioner  of  street  cleaning,  or  by  the 
borough  president  of  Queens  or  Richmond,  or  subject  to  the  regulations  of  said  com¬ 
missioner  of  street  cleaning  or  of  said  borough  president  of  Queens  or  Richmond, 
for  the  removal  of  snow  and  ice,  dirt  and  other  material ;  except  that  in  the  boroughs 
of  Queens  and  Richmond  any  owner,  lessee,  tenant  or  occupant  or  other  person  who 
has  charge  of  any  ground  abutting  upon  any  paved  street  or  public  place,  for  a 
linear  distance  of  500  feet  or  more,  shall  be  considered  to  have  complied  with  this 
section,  if  such  person  shall  have  begun  to  remove  the  snow  and  ice  from  the  side¬ 
walk  and  gutter  before  the  expiration  of  the  said  4  hours,  and  shall  continue  and  com¬ 
plete  such  removal  within  a  reasonable  time. 

Whenever  any  owner,  lessee,  tenant,  occupant  or  other  person  having  charge  of 
any  building  or  lot  of  ground,  abutting  upon  any  street  or  public  place  where  the  side- 

419 


CHAP.  22,  ART.  3,  SEC.  22. 


walk  is  paved,  shall  fail  to  comply  with  the  provisions  of  any  ordinance  of  the  city 
for  the  removal  of  snow  and  ice,  dirt,  or  other  material  from  the  sidewalk  and  gutter 
in  the  street,  on  the  side  of  the  street  or  which  such  building  or  lot  abuts,  the  presi¬ 
dent  of  the  borough  in  which  such  building  or  vacant  lot  is  located  may  cause  such 
removal  to  be  made,  meeting  the  expense  thereof  from  any  suitable  street  cleaning 
or  highway  fund,  and  thereafter  the  expense  of  such  removal,  as  to  each  particular 
lot  of  ground,  shall  be  ascertained  and  certified  by  the  said  borough  president  to  the 
comptroller,  and  the  board  of  estimate  may  authorize  such  additional  expenditures  as 
may  be  required,  for  the  said  removal  of  such  snow  and  ice,  dirt,  or  other  material, 
to  be  repaid  to  the  fund  from  which  the  payments  were  made,  with  proceeds  from 
the  issue  and  sale  of  revenue  bonds,  which  shall  be  sold  by  the  comptroller  as  pro¬ 
vided  by  law. 

The  said  borough  president  shall,  as  soon  as  possible  after  such  work  is  done, 
certify  to  the  corporation  counsel  the  amount  of  the  expense  chargeable  against 
each  piece  of  property.  The  corporation  counsel  is  hereby  directed  and  authorized  to 
sue  for  and  recover  the  amount  of  this  expense,  together  with  $3  penalty,  for  each 
offense,  and,  when  so  recovered,  the  amount  shall  be  turned  over  to  the  city  cham¬ 
berlain,  to  be  deposited  to  the  credit  of  the  general  fund  of  the  city  of  New  York 
for  the  reduction  of  taxation.  (C.  O.,  §414;  amended  by  ords.  effective  May  11, 
1915,  and  July  16,  1915.) 

2.  May  use  ashes,  etc.  In  case  the  snow  and  ice  on  the  sidewalk  shall  be  frozen 
so  hard  that  it  cannot  be  removed,  without  injury  to  the  pavement,  the  owner,  lessee, 
tenant,  occupant  or  other  person  having  charge  of  any  building  or  lot  of  ground  as 
aforesaid,  may,  within  the  time  specified  in  the  preceding  subdivision,  cause  the  side¬ 
walk  abutting  on  the  said  premises  to  be  strewed  with  ashes,  sand,  sawdust,  or  some 
similar,  suitable  material,  and  shall,  as  soon  thereafter  as  the  weather  shall  permit, 
thoroughly  clean  said  sidewalks.  (C.  O.,  §410.) 

§22.  Street  railroad  companies;  responsibilities  of. 

1.  Co-operation  in  snow  removal.  Every  street  railroad  corporation  shall  remove 
all  the  snow  and  ice  from  its  tracks  and  the  spaces  between,  and  shall  not  throw  the 
same  on  either  side  thereof,  but  shall  immediately  carry  away  and  dispose  of  the  same, 
under  the  direction  of  the  commissioner  of  street  cleaning  or  the  borough  president  of 
Queens  or  Richmond,  under  a  penalty  of  $100  for  every  city  block  in  length  in  which 
the  said  corporation  shall  fail  to  so  remove  and  dispose  of  such  snow  and  ice,  as  afore¬ 
said;  provided,  however,  that,  for  the  more  speedy  and  effective  removal  of  snow 
and  ice  from  the  paved  streets  and  public  places  of  the  city,  the  commissioner  of 
street  cleaning  and  the  borough  presidents  of  Queens  and  Richmond  shall  have  power 
and  authority,  in  their  respective  jurisdictions,  to  enter  into  agreements  for  the  entire 
winter  season,  or  part  thereof,  with  any  street  surface  railroad  or  other  railroad  having 
tracks  in  the  city,  for  the  removal  of  snow  and  ice  for  the  entire  width  of  the  street  or 
public  place,  from  house-line  to  house-line,  at  any  part  of  the  route  of  the  said  railroad, 
but  nothing  in  any  such  agreement  shall  be  inconsistent  with  any  law  of  the  State  of 
New  York  or  with  any  right  of  the  city.  (C.  O.,  §416;  amended  by  ord.  approved 
Aug.  8,  1916.) 

2.  Use  of  snow  plows  and  rotary  sweepers.  No  surface  railroad  company  or  other 
company,  or  any  corporation  or  person  whatever,  or  the  officers,  agents  or  servants 
thereof,  shall  cause  or  allow  any  snow  plow,  sweeping  machine  or  other  similar  in¬ 
strument  to  pass  over  the  tracks  or  lines  used  by  them  within  the  limits  of  the  city, 
unless  by  the  written  permit  of  the  commissioner  of  street  cleaning  or  the  borough 
president  of  Queens  or  Richmond ;  any  violation  of  this  provision  shall  be  punished  by 
a  penalty  not  exceeding  $100  for  each  such  offense.  No  such  permit  or  renewal  thereof 
shall  be  granted  except  upon  the  condition  and  agreement,  upon  the  part  of  the  corn- 

420 


STREET  CLEANING. 


pany  applying  for  such  permit  or  renewal,  that  the  party  to  whom  the  same  has  been 
granted  shall  and  will,  at  its  own  expense,  promptly  remove  and  carry  away  the 
snow  thrown  up  by  such  plow  or  machine,  and  that  such  snow  plow,  sweeping  machine 
or  other  instrument  shall  be  so  constructed  as  not  to  throw  any  slush  or  snow  upon 
sidewalks  or  buildings,  under  a  penalty  of  $10  for  every  house,  or  sidewalk  in  front 
thereof,  upon  which  slush  or  snow  shall  be  thrown.  No  such  permit  or  renewal  shall 
be  granted  unless  the  party  to  whom  granted  shall  expressly  covenant,  stipulate  and 
agree  that,  in  case  of  its  failure,  neglect  or  omission  to  remove  promptly  and  carry 
away  the  snow  and  ice  thrown  up  by  such  snow  plow  or  other  instrument,  then  the 
same  may  be  removed  under  the  direction  of  the  commissioner  of  street  cleaning  or  the 
borough  president  of  Queens  or  Richmond,  and  the  expense  of  removing  the  same  shall 
be  paid  by  the  party  to  the  commissioner  or  the  borough  president,  on  demand.  The 
board  of  estimate  may  authorize  that  the  amount  or  amounts  of  moneys  so  paid  shall 
be  credited  to  the  appropriation,  in  the  respective  boroughs,  for  the  removal  of  snow 
and  ice;  but  nothing  herein  contained  shall  be  deemed  to  prohibit  the  commissioner 
or  a  borough  president  from  demanding,  before  issuing  said  permit  and  as  a  con¬ 
dition  thereof,  the  deposit  of  such  sum  of  money  or  other  security  as,  in  his  judg¬ 
ment,  may  be  necessary  to  pay  the  cost  of  properly  performing  the  work  above  men¬ 
tioned,  together  with  the  expense  of  the  inspection  thereof.  In  case  of  neglect, 
refusal  or  omission  of  the  party  to  whom  such  permit  may  be  granted  promptly  to 
remove  and  to  carry  away  the  snow  and  ice  thrown  up  by  such  plow  or  other  instru¬ 
ment,  then  the  commissioner  of  street  cleaning  or  the  borough  president  of  Queens  or 
Richmond  may  forthwith  cause  the  same  to  be  removed  at  the  public  expense,  and  all 
expenditures  made  or  incurred  therefor  shall  be  chargeable  upon  the  party  so  neglect¬ 
ing,  refusing  or  omitting  to  perform  his  agreement,  and  shall  be  recoverable  by  an  ac¬ 
tion  at  law  on  behalf  of  the  city,  and,  when  so  recovered,  shall  be  placed  to  the  credit  of 
the  department  of  street  cleaning  or  the  bureau  of  street  cleaning  in  the  Boroughs  of 
Queens  or  Richmond,  as  the  case  may  be,  to  supply  the  deficiency  occasioned  by  such 
additional  expenditure.  (C.  O.,  §417;  amended  by  ord.  approved  Aug.  8,  1916.) 

3.  Obstructing  tracks.  No  person  shall  throw,  place  or  pile,  or  assist  others  in 
throwing,  placing  or  piling  any  snow,  ice  or  other  impediment  or  obstruction  to  the 
running  of  cars  upon  the  tracks  of  any  railroad  company,  or  in  the  space  between 
the  rails  thereof,  or  in  the  space  between  the  tracks  and  a  line  distant  3  feet  outside 
of  such  rails.  (C.  O.,  §412.) 

§23.  Salting  tracks. 

No  person  shall  throw,  expose  or  place,  or  cause  or  procure  to  be  thrown,  ex¬ 
posed  or  placed  in  or  upon  any  street  or  public  place,  except  upon  the  curves,  cross¬ 
ings  or  switches  of  railroad  tracks,  any  salt,  saltpetre  or  other  substance  for  the 
purpose  of  dissolving  any  snow  or  ice  which  may  have  fallen  or  been  depos¬ 
ited  thereon ;  nor  shall  any  person  throw  or  place  upon  the  curves,  crossings 
or  switches  of  railroad  tracks  any  salt,  saltpetre  or  other  substance  for  the  purpose  of 
dissolving  snow  or  ice,  unless  permission  therefor  be  first  obtained  from 
the  borough  president  having  jurisdiction.  Nothing  herein  contained  shall  be  con¬ 
strued  to  prohibit  or  interfere  with  any  properly  conducted  tests  or  experiments 
by  the  department  of  street  cleaning,  between  January  1st,  1917,  and  April  1st,  1917. 
(Amended  by  ord.  approved  Feb.  21,  1917.) 

§24.  Dumping. 

All  contractors  and  other  persons,  no  matter  how  termed,  are  hereby  forbidden, 
restrained  and  are  never  to  be  permitted  to  dump,  throw,  empty,  convey  or  cause  to 
be  conveyed,  for  the  purpose  of  dumping,  any  snow,  ice  or  water  in  a  vacant  lot  or 
tract  of  land,  if  such  lot  or  tract  of  land  shall  be  within  a  radius  of  300  feet  of  a 
dwelling,  factory,  school,  public  building  or  any  place  of  business.  (C.  O.,  §411.) 

421 


CHAPTER  23. 
STREETS. 


Article  1. 
2. 

3. 

4. 

5. 

6. 

7. 

8. 
9. 

10. 

11. 

12. 

13. 

14. 

15. 

16. 

17. 

18. 


Section  1. 
2. 

3. 

4. 

5. 


General  provisions. 

Advertisements,  placards  and  posters. 
Assemblies. 

Auctions  and  other  sales. 

Awnings. 

Boundaries  and  monuments. 
Construction  and  repair. 

Disturbance  of  surface. 

Excavations. 

House  numbering. 

Lights. 

Noises. 

Obstructions  and  encumbrances. 
Projections  and  encroachments. 
Sidewalks. 

Signs  and  show-bills. 

Vaults  and  cisterns. 

Miscellaneous, 

ARTICLE  1. 

General  Provisions. 

Temporary  closing  of  streets. 

Unsafe  condition ;  notice. 

Barriers,  guards  and  lights. 

Liability  for  damage. 

Violations. 


§1.  Temporary  closing  of  streets. 

Each  borough  president  is  empowered  to  close  temporarily  to  traffic  any  street, 
or  a  portion  thereof,  within  his  jurisdiction  when,  in  his  judgment,  travel  in  the  same 
is  deemed  to  be  dangerous  to  life,  in  consequence  of  their  being  carried  on  in  said  street; 
building  operations,  repairs  to  street  pavements,  sewer  connections,  or  blasting  for  the 
purpose  of  removing  rock  from  abutting  property.  (C.  O.,  §100.) 

§2.  Unsafe  conditions;  notice. 

Whenever  any  person  shall  have  authority,  under  any  contract  with  the  city,  or 
any  officer  thereof,  or  under  any  permit,  to  remove  the  pavement  from  or  to  excavate, 
occupy  or  use  any  part  of  a  public  street,  so  as  to  obstruct  travel  therein,  he  will 
erect  or  cause  to  be  erected  suitable  notices  of  the  obstructions,  in  conspicuous  posi¬ 
tions,  at  all  points  of  intersection  of  such  street  with  the  cross-streets  nearest  to  the 
obstruction,  which  notices  shall  be  in  the  form  prescribed  by  the  borough  president 
having  jurisdiction.  (C.  O.,  §142.) 

§3.  Barriers,  guards  and  lights. 

1.  Barriers  and  guards.  Every  person  engaged  in  digging  down  or  paving  any 
street,  or  building  therein  any  sewer,  drain  or  trench  for  any  purpose,  under  contract 
with  the  city  or  by  virtue  of  any  permit  that  may  have  been  granted  by  any  department, 
board  or  officer  of  the  city,  shall  erect  such  a  fence  or  railing  about  the  excavation 
or  work  as  shall  prevent  danger  to  persons  traveling  the  street,  while  the  work  is  left 
exposed  and  would  be  dangerous,  and  any  such  railing  or  fence  shall  be  continued  and 

422 


STREETS. 


maintained  until  the  work  shall  be  completed,  or  the  obstruction  or  danger  removed. 
(C.  O.,  §§142,  209;  §13,  Far  Rockaway  ords. ;  §11,  Rockaway  Beach  ords. ;  §15,  Arverne 
ords. ;  §10,  New  Brighton  ords.) 

2.  Extent  of  enclosure.  The  extent  to  which  such  railing  or  fence  shall  be 
built  in  the  several  cases  is  hereby  defined  as  follows,  to  wit : 

a.  In  digging  down  any  street  or  road,  by  placing  the  barrier  along  the  upper  bank 
of  such  excavation,  or  by  extending  the  fence  as  far  across  the  street  as  may  be 
necessary  to  prevent  persons  from  traveling  on  such  portion  as  would  be  dangerous ; 

b.  In  paving  any  street,  by  extending  such  railing  or  fence  across  the  carriage¬ 
way  of  such  street,  or,  if  but  a  portion  of  the  width  of  such  carriageway  be  obstructed, 
across  such  portion,  in  which  case  the  obstruction  shall  be  so  arranged  as  to  leave  a 
passageway  through,  as  nearly  as  may  be,  of  uniform  width; 

c.  In  building  a  sewer,  by  placing  the  barrier  across  the  carriageway  at  the  ends 
of  such  excavation  as  shall  be  made; 

d.  In  building  vaults,  by  inclosing  the  excavation  and  the  ground  taken  therefrom. 
(C.  O.,  §211.) 

3.  Lights.  At  twilight,  there  shall  be  placed  upon  each  such  railing  or  fence, 
and  upon  building  materials,  posts,  poles,  pipes  or  other  obstructions  in  any  street 
or  public  place,  suitable  and  sufficient  lights,  which  shall  be  kept  burning  through  the 
night  during  the  existence  of  the  obstruction.  (C.  O.,  §209.) 

4.  Disturbance,  prohibited.  No  person  shall  throw  down,  displace  or  remove 
any  barrier,  guard  or  railing,  or  extinguish  or  remove  any  light  thereon  or  on  any 
obstruction  in  any  street,  without  the  written  consent  of  the  borough  president  having 
jurisdiction  of  the  street  in  which  any  obstruction  is  placed,  or  without  the  consent  of 
the  person  superintending  the  work  or  materials  protected  thereby.  (C.  O.,  §140.) 

5.  Restriction.  Nothing  contained  in  this  section  shall  be  construed  to  authorize 
any  person  to  stop  up  or  obstruct  more  than  the  space  of  one  continuous  block  and 
one  intersection,  at  the  same  time,  in  any  one  street,  or  to  keep  the  same  so  stopped 
up  for  more  than  2  days  after  the  roadway  is  finished,  unless  by  special  permit  of 
the  borough  president.  (C.  O.,  §141.) 

6.  Application  of  section.  The  provisions  of  this  section  shall  apply  to  every 
person  engaged  in  building  any  vault,  or  constructing  any  lateral  drain  to  any  public 
sewer,  or  who  shall  do  or  perform  any  work  causing  obstructions  in  a  public  street, 
by  virtue  of  any  permit  from  any  department,  board  or  officer  of  the  city,  and  also  to 
ail  persons  engaged  in  performing  any  work  in  behalf  of  the  city,  whereby  obstruc¬ 
tions  or  excavations  shall  be  made  in  public  streets.  (C.  O.,  §210.) 

7.  Enforcement  of  section.  The  borough  president  having  jurisdiction  of  any 
work  referred  to  in  this  section  shall  see  to  it  that  all  the  foregoing  requirements  are 
complied  with,  and  he  shall  make  immediate  complaint  to  the  corporation  counsel  of 
any  violation  thereof,  under  the  penalty  of  $50  for  each  and  every  neglect.  (C.  O., 
§§213,  214.) 

§4.  Liability  for  damage. 

In  all  cases  where  any  person  shall  perform  any  of  the  work  mentioned  in  the 
preceding  section,  either  under  contract  with  the  city  or  by  virtue  of  permission 
obtained  from  any  department,  board  or  officer  of  the  city,  such  person  shall  be 
answerable  for  any  damage  which  may  be  occasioned  to  persons,  animals  or  property 
by  reason  of  carelessness  in  any  manner  connected  with  the  work.  (C.  O.,  §212.) 

§5.  Violations. 

Any  person  violating  any  provisions  of  this  article  shall,  upon  conviction  therefor, 
be  punished  by  a  fine  of  not  more  than  $100,  or  by  imprisonment  for  not  more  than 
30  days,  or  by  both  such  fine  and  imprisonment.  (C.  O.,  §§209,  143.) 


423 


CHAP.  23 ,  ARTS.  2 ,  3y  SECS.  10-23. 


ARTICLE  2. 

Advertisements,  Placards  and  Posters. 

Section  10.  Posting. 

11.  Protection  of  city  advertisements. 

12.  (Repealed  by  ord.  approved  Aug.  8,  1916.) 

§10.  Posting. 

No  person  shall  paste,  post,  paint,  print  or  nail  upon  any  curb,  gutter,  flag  stone, 
tree,  lamp-post,  awning  post,  horse  post,  telegraph  pole,  barrel,  box  or  hydrant  in  any 
street  or  public  place,  any  handbill,  poster,  notice,  sign  or  advertisement.  (C.  O.,  §548.) 

§11.  Protection  of  city  advertisements. 

No  person  shall  tear  down,  deface  or  destroy  any  notice,  handbill  or  poster,  put 
up  or  posted  by  or  under  the  direction  of  the  board  of  aldermen,  or  by  or  under  the 
direction  of  any  other  city  department,  bureau,  board  or  officer.  (§12,  New  Brighton 
ords.,  and  §18,  Arverne  ords.) 

§12.  Theatrical  bilLboards,  Brooklyn. 

(Repealed  by  ord.  approved  Aug.  8,  1916.) 


Section  20. 
21. 
22. 

23. 

24. 


ARTICLE  3. 
Assemblies. 

Public  worship. 

Interference  with  street  services. 
Street  shows. 

Loafers  and  loungers. 

Public  assemblies ;  display  of  flag. 


§20.  Public  worship. 

No  person  shall  be  concerned  or  instrumental  in  collecting  or  promoting  any 
assemblage  of  persons  for  public  worship  or  exhortation,  or  under  any  pretense 
therefor,  in  any  park,  street,  or  other  public  place;  provided,  that  a  clergyman  or 
minister  of  any  denomination,  or  any  person  responsible  to  or  regularly  associated 
with  any  church  or  incorporated  missionary  society,  or  any  lay-preacher,  or  lay-reader 
may  conduct  religious  services  in  any  public  place  or  places  specified  in  a  permit  there¬ 
for,  which  may  be  granted  and  issued  by  the  police  commissioner.  This  section  shall 
not  be  construed  to  prevent  any  congregation  of  the  Baptist  denomination  from 
assembling  in  a  proper  place  for  the  purpose  of  performing  the  rites  of  baptism, 
according  to  the  ceremonies  of  that  church.  (C.  O.,  §§494,  497,  498.) 

§21.  Interference  with  street  services. 

No  person  shall  disturb,  molest  or  interrupt  any  clergyman,  minister,  missionary, 
lay-preacher  or  lay-reader  who  shall  be  conducting  religious  services  by  authority  of  a 
permit,  issued  as  prescribed  by  this  article,  or  any  minister  or  people  who  shall  be 
performing  the  rite  of  baptism  as  permitted  by  the  preceding  section,  nor  shall  any 
person  commit  any  riot  or  disorder  in  any  such  assembly.  (C.  O.,  §499.) 

§22.  Street  shows. 

No  person  shall,  from  any  window  or  open  space  of  any  house,  exhibit  to  the  public 
upon  the  street,  or  the  sidewalk  thereof,  any  performance  of  puppet  or  other  figure, 
ballet  or  other  dancing,  comedy,  farce,  show  with  moving  figures,  play  or  other  enter¬ 
tainment.  (§40,  Manhattan  ords.) 

§23.  Loafers  and  loungers. 

No  person  shall  encumber  or  obstruct  any  street  or  other  public  place  by  loafing  or 
lounging  in  or  about  the  same,  to  the  annoyance  of  passers-by.  (§23,  Brooklyn  ords.) 

424 


STREETS. 


§24.  Public  assemblies;  display  of  flag. 

All  assemblies,  warranted  by  law,  held  in  any  of  the  streets  of  the  city,  where 
public  discussions  are  held,  shall  have  the  American  flag  conspicuously  displayed  at 
all  times  during  the  holding  of  such  assemblies.  (Added  by  ord.  effective  April 
17,  1917.) 

ARTICLE  4. 

Auctions  and  Other  Sales. 

Section  30.  Auctions. 

31.  Vending  and  selling  of  salted  meat,  fish,  etc. 

§30.  Auctions. 

1.  Restrictions.  No  auctioneer,  nor  his  agent,  employee  or  servant  shall 

a.  Sell  or  expose  for  sale,  at  public  auction  or  vendue,  any  dry-goods,  clothing, 
hardware,  household  furniture,  woodenware  or  tinware,  by  retail  or  in  small  parcels 
or  pieces,  in  any  street  or  public  place;  (C.  O.,  §538.) 

b.  Sell  or  expose  for  sale  at  public  auction  any  goods,  wares,  merchandise  or 
other  things  whatsoever  to  any  person  or  persons  who,  at  the  time  of  bidding  for 
or  while  examining  the  same,  shall  be  on  the  sidewalk  or  carriageway  of  any  street; 
(C.  O.,  §539.) 

c.  Sell  at  auction  or  expose  for  sale,  lay  or  place  any  goods,  wares,  mer¬ 
chandise  or  other  thing  in  any  street  or  public  place,  unless  such  person  shall  first 
obtain  the  consent  or  permission,  in  writing,  of  the  occupant  of  the  lot  or  building 
before  which  such  articles  or  any  part  thereof  shall  be  placed  or  exposed  for  sale. 
(C.  O.,  §534.) 

2.  Attracting  purchasers.  No  bellman  or  crier,  nor  any  drum,  fife,  or  other 
instrument  of  music,  or  any  show-signal  or  means  of  attracting  the  attention  of  pur¬ 
chasers,  other  than  a  sign  or  flag,  shall  be  employed,  or  suffered  or  permitted  to  be 
used  at  or  near  any  place  of  sale,  auction  room,  residence  of  any  auctioneer,  nor  at  or 
near  any  auction  whatsoever.  (C.  O.,  §537.) 

3.  Removal  of  goods.  Every  article  exposed  for  sale  at  public  auction,  or  sold 
in  any  street  or  public  place,  shall  be  removed  from  the  same  by  the  setting  of  the 
sun  of  the  day  of  selling  or  exposing  for  sale.  (C.  O.,  §536.) 

§31.  Vending  and  selling  of  salted  meat  and  fish,  etc. 

No  person  shall  sell,  expose  for  sale,  lay  or  place  in  any  street  or  public  place,  at 
any  time  between  June  1st  and  November  1st,  in  any  year,  any  salted  beef  or  pork, 
dried  or  pickled  fish,  blubber,  hides,  cotton  or  wool.  (C.  O.,  §535.) 


Section  40. 

41. 

42. 

43. 

44. 


ARTICLE  5. 
Awnings. 

Permanent  awnings. 

Construction  of  permanent  awnings. 
Drop  awnings. 

Temporary  awnings. 

Violations. 


§40.  Permanent  awnings. 

(Repealed  by  ord.  effective  Dec.  28,  1915.) 

§41.  Construction  of  permanent  awnings. 

(Repealed  by  ord.  effective  Dec.  28,  1915.) 

§42.  Drop  awnings. 

Drop  awnings,  without  vertical  supports,  are  permitted  within  stoop-lines,  but 
shall  in  no  case  extend  beyond  6  feet  from  the  house-line,  and  shall  be  at  least  6 
feet  in  the  clear  above  the  sidewalk.  (C.  O.,  §263.) 

425 


CHAP.  23,  ARTS.  5,  6,  SECS.  43-51. 


§43.  Temporary  awnings. 

Awnings  without  side  coverings  may  be,  from  time  to  time,  erected  and  main¬ 
tained  across  the  sidewalk  of  any  street  for  temporary  use,  as  a  protection  during 
inclement  weather  only;  provided,  however,  that  such  awning  shall  be  made  of  canvas 
or  cloth  and  shall  be  supported  by  upright  posts  of  iron  not  exceeding  2  inches  in 
diameter  and  not  less  than  8  nor  more  than  10  feet  in  height  above  the  sidewalk,  and 
shall  not  be  wider  than  the  entrance  of  the  building  in  connection  with  which  it  is  to 
be  used.  Awnings  with  side  coverings  may  be  erected,  for  a  limited  time,  upon 
issuance  of  a  special  permit  from  the  borough  president  having  jurisdiction.  (C.  O., 
§259a;  amended  by  ord.  effective  May  11,  1915.) 

§44.  Violations. 

No  person  shall  violate  any  provision  of  this  article,  or  refuse  or  neglect  to  comply 
with  any  order  of  a  borough  president  made  thereunder,  under  the  penalty  of  $10 
for  each  offense.  No  such  violation  shall  be  continued,  after  notice  to  the  perpetrator 
thereof,  under  penalty  of  $10  for  each  day  the  same  shall  be  continued.  (C.  O., 
§§257,  258.) 

ARTICLE  6. 

Boundaries  and  Monuments. 

Section  50.  Excavations  or  embankments  near  landmarks. 

51.  Removal  or  covering  up  of  landmarks. 

52.  Violations. 

§50.  Excavations  or  embankments  near  landmarks. 

No  excavation  or  embankment  shall  be  made,  nor  shall  any  pavement  or  flagging 
be  laid  or  moved  by  any  person,  within  3  feet  of  any  monument  or  bolt  which  has 
beet  set,  by  proper  authority,  or  designated  on  any  official  map,  as  a  landmark  to 
denote  street  lines  within  the  city,  unless  a  permit  therefor  has  been  obtained  from 
the  president  of  the  borough  in  which  the  monument  or  bolt  is  situated.  Applica¬ 
tions  for  such  permits  shall  be  in  writing,  and  shall  set  forth  the  nature  of  the  work 
proposed,  and  the  location  of  all  monuments  or  other  landmarks  affected  thereby. 
Thereupon,  the  borough  president  shall  cause  one  of  the  city  surveyors  or  an  engineer 
in  his  department  to  take  such  measurements  and  field  notes  as  may  be  necessary  to 
restore  such  monuments  or  bolts  to  their  correct  position,  after  the  completion  of 
the  contemplated  work,  and,  when  such  measurements  and  field  notes  have  been  taken, 
but  not  before,  the  required  permit  shall  be  issued. 

Each  borough  president  shall  cause  a  covenant  to  be  incorporated  in  all  contracts 
hereafter  made  by  him  for  constructing,  regulating  or  repairing  any  street,  requiring 
the  contractor  to  obtain  the  permit  above  required  and  to  take  such  other  precautions 
for  the  care  and  preservation  of  monuments,  bolts  and  other  landmarks  as  the  bor¬ 
ough  president  may  direct.  (C.  O.,  §§108-110;  amended  by  ord.  effective  Feb.  9, 
1915.) 

§51.  Removal  or  covering  up  of  landmarks. 

No  person  or  persons  shall  remove  or  cover  up  a  monument  or  bolt  for  designat¬ 
ing  any  street,  without  giving  3  days’  notice  in  writing  of  his  intention  so  to  do  to 
the  president  of  the  borough  in  which  the  monument  or  bolt  is  situated.  Upon  receiv¬ 
ing  such  a  notice,  the  borough  president  shall  cause  one  of  the  city  surveyors,  or  an 
engineer  in  his  department,  to  take  the  necessary  measures  to  raise  or  lower  such 
monument  or  bolt  to  the  proper  grade  of  the  street  and,  when  necessary,  to  cause 
such  alteration  to  be  noted  on  records  to  be  kept  in  his  office  for  that  purpose.  When¬ 
ever  a  borough  president  shall  ascertain  that  any  monument  or  bolt  has  been  removed, 
without  such  notice,  he  shall  forthwith  cause  the  same  to  be  placed  in  its  proper 


426 


STREETS. 


position,  and  shall  note  the  same  on  the  records  in  the  manner  before  stated.  The 
expenses  attending  such  replacement  shall  be  paid  by  the  comptroller,  on  the  cer¬ 
tificate  of  the  borough  president  causing  the  work  to  be  done.  (C.  O.,  §§106,  107, 
111,  112;  amended  by  ord.  effective  Feb.  9,  1915.) 


§52.  Violations. 

Any  person  who  shall  make  any  excavation  or  embankment,  or  lay  or  take  up 
any  pavement  or  flagging  within  3  feet  of  any  monument,  bolt  or  other  landmark, 
without  having  first  obtained  a  permit  to  perform  such  work,  or  who  shall  in  any 
way  remove  or  deface  any  monument,  bolt  or  other  landmark,  shall  be  punished  for 
each  offense  by  a  fine  of  $50,  or  by  imprisonment  for  not  exceeding  30  days,  or  by 
both  such  fine  and  imprisonment.  (C.  O.,  §113;  amended  by  ord.  effective  Feb.  9, 
1915.) 

ARTICLE  7. 


Section  60. 
61. 
62. 

63. 

64. 

65. 


Construction  and  Repair. 

Paving,  generally. 

Paving  by  abutting  owners. 

Curbing. 

Gutter  stones. 

Width  of  streets  in  Brooklyn. 

Removal  of  debris. 


§60.  Paving,  generally. 

All  streets  of  22  feet  in  width  and  upward,  and,  when  required  to  be  paved  by 
competent  authority,  all  other  streets  and  alleys  of  less  width  shall  be  paved  and  arched 
in  full  accordance  with  standard  specifications  for  such  work,  which  shall  be  pre¬ 
scribed  by  the  borough  president  having  jurisdiction  and  kept  on  file  in  his  office. 
(C.  O.,  §§132,  135;  amended  by  ord.  effective  Feb.  9,  1915.) 

§61.  Paving  by  abutting  owners. 

Any  citizen  or  number  of  citizens  shall  be  allowed  to  pave  the  street  opposite  to 
his  or  their  property,  where  the  same  shall  extend  from  the  intersection  of  one  cross 
street  to  the  intersection  of  another;  provided  the  same  be  done  in  conformity  to  the 
regulations  of  the  president  of  the  borough  in  which  such  street  is  located  and  subject 
to  such  conditions  as  he  may  impose.  (C.  O.,  §134.) 

§62.  Curbing. 

All  curbing  for  the  support  of  sidewalks  hereafter  to  be  laid  shall  be  of  the 
material  or  materials,  dimensions  and  construction  required  in  standard  specifica¬ 
tions  for  such  work,  which  shall  be  prescribed  by  the  borough  president  having  juris¬ 
diction  and  kept  on  file  in  his  office.  (C.  O.,  §124;  amended  by  ord.  effective  Feb.  9, 
1915.) 

§63.  Gutter  stones. 

1.  Laying.  All  gutter  stones  hereafter  laid  shall  be  of  the  best  hard  blue  stone 
or  granite,  at  least  30  inches  in  length,  14  inches  in  width,  and  6  inches  thick,  and 
shall  be  cut  to  a  fair  and  level  surface  without  windings,  with  true  and  parallel  sides, 
and  the  ends  square  so  as  to  form  tight  and  close  joints;  under  the  penalty  of  $10, 
to  be  sued  for  and  recovered  from  the  person  or  persons  laying  the  same  and  the 
owner  or  owners  of  the  lot  fronting  on  the  sidewalk  or  street,  severally  and  respec¬ 
tively.  (C.  O.,  §125.) 

2.  Regulating.  If  any  street,  when  paved,  shall  not  exactly  range,  the  gutter  or 
outside  of  the  footpath  or  sidewalk,  shall  be  laid  out  and  made  as  nearly  in  a  straight 
line  as  the  street  will  permit;  the  ascent  and  descent  of  the  same  shall  be  regu- 

427 


CHAP.  23,  ART.  7,  SECS.  64,  65. 


lated  by  the  president  of  the  borough  in  which  the  same  is  located,  and  a  profile 
thereof,  with  the  regulations  distinctly  marked  therein,  shall  be  deposited  and  kept  in 
the  office  of  the  borough  president  regulating  the  same.  (C.  O.,  §126.) 

§64.  Width  of  streets  in  Brooklyn. 

The  widths  of  the  roadways  and  the  sidewalks  of  the  streets  in  the 
29th  and  32d  wards  of  the  borough  of  Brooklyn  are  hereby  fixed  at  the  dimen¬ 
sions  prescribed  by  the  ordinances  of  the  former  city  of  Brooklyn,  instead  of  the 
dimensions  indicated  upon  the  title  pages  of  the  maps  of  the  former  towns  of  Flat- 
bush,  New  Utrecht,  Gravesend  and  Flatlands,  except  in  the  case  of  the  following 
named  streets  and  avenues,  where  the  width  of  roadways  and  sidewalks  shall  remain 
as  shown  upon  the  above-mentioned  town  survey  maps  and  where  the  streets  have 
already  been  paved,  namely: 

Thirteenth  avenue,  within  the  limits  of  the  29th  ward; 

Sixteenth  avenue,  within  the  limits  of  the  29th  ward ; 

Malbone  street,  within  the  limits  of  the  29th  ward; 

East  New  York  avenue,  within  the  limits  of  the  29th  ward; 

Church  avenue,  for  its  entire  length; 

Tilden  avenue  (formerly  Vernon  avenue),  between  Flatbush  avenue  and  Holy 
Cross  cemetery; 

Cortelyou  road,  for  its  entire  length; 

Clarendon  road,  for  its  entire  length; 

Avenue  E  (or  Ditmas  avenue),  between  Coney  Island  avenue  and  West  avenue 
and  between  Remsen  avenue  and  Rockaway  avenue; 

Avenue  F,  between  Rogers  avenue  and  Ocean  avenue; 

Flatlands  avenue,  within  the  limits  of  the  32d  ward ; 

Rogers  avenue,  from  Malbone  street  to  Flatbush  avenue; 

New  York  avenue,  from  Malbone  street  to  Church  avenue; 

Albany  avenue,  from  Malbone  street  to  its  southerly  end; 

Utica  avenue,  from  East  New  York  avenue  to  Flatbush  avenue; 

Ralph  avenue,  from  Remsen  avenue  to  Avenue  T ; 

Remsen  avenue,  for  its  entire  length ; 

East  92d  street,  for  its  ‘entire  length ; 

Rockaway  parkway,  for  its  entire  length; 

Avenue  T,  between  Ralph  avenue  and  Flatbush  avenue; 

Flatbush  avenue,  between  Malbone  street  and  Jamaica  bay; 

Nostrand  avenue,  from  Malbone  street  to  the  boundary  line  ^etwee"  3 1st  and 
32d  wards; 

Coney  Island  avenue,  within  the  limits  of  the  29th  ward; 

Brooklyn  avenue,  from  Church  avenue  to  Avenue  C; 

East  93d  street,  from  Avenue  N  to  Jamaica  bay; 

East  98th  street  for  its  entire  length; 

Avenue  N,  from  Remsen  avenue  to  East  93d  street,  and  from  Flatbush  avenue 
to  Avenue  U ; 

Avenue  U,  from  Avenue  N  to  Jamaica  bay; 

Linden  avenue,  from  East  92d  street  to  Rockaway  parkway; 

Avenue  A,  within  the  limits  of  the  32d  ward.  (§14,  Brooklyn  ord.) 

§65.  Removal  of  debris. 

Any  person,  other  than  the  commissioner  of  water  supply,  gas  and  electricity,  who 
may  hereafter  pave  or  cause  to  be  paved  any  street  shall  have  the  sand,  dirt  or  rubbish 
cleaned  off  such  street  and  every  part  thereof,  within  12  days  after  the  pavement 
shall  have  been  completed,  under  a  penalty  of  $25  for  each  violation  of  this  provi¬ 
sion;  and,  in  addition  thereto,  the  president  of  the  borough  in  which  the  work  has 

428 


STREETS. 


been  done  shall  cause  the  debris  thereof  to  be  removed  at  the  expense  of  the  party 
neglecting  or  refusing  so  to  do,  who  shall  be  liable  in  an  appropriate  action  at  law 
for  the  recovery  of  the  amount  expended  by  the  city.  This  section  shall  be  so  con¬ 
strued  as  to  apply  to  the  removal  of  all  sand,  dirt  or  rubbish,  collected  in  any  part 
of  any  and  all  streets  covered  by  any  pavement  so  done  or  laid,  or  excavation  that 
may  have  been  made,  or  other  work  done  in  pursuance  thereof;  and  no  account  for 
paving,  in  pursuance  of  this  section,  shall  be  accepted  as  completed  unless  the  city 
official  making  the  contract  shall  certify  that  this  section  has  been  fully  complied 
with.  (C.  O.,  §§136,  137.) 

ARTICLE  8. 

Disturbance  of  Surface. 

Section  80.  General  provisions. 

81.  Prevention  of  disturbances  of  street  surface. 

82.  Violations. 


§80.  General  provisions. 

No  person,  without  being  previously  authorized  by  a  permit  of  the  president  of 
the  borough  having  jurisdiction,  shall  fill  in  or  raise,  or  cause  to  be  filled  in  or  raised* 
any  street  or  public  place  or  any  part  of  such  street  or  public  place,  or  take  up,  remove, 
or  carry  away,  or  cause  to  be  taken  up,  removed  or  carried  away,  any  asphalt  or 
asphalt  blocks,  flagstones,  turf,  stone,  gravel,  sand,  clay  or  earth  from  any  such 
street  or  public  place.  (C.  O.,  §144;  amended  by  ord.  effective  Feb.  9,  1915.) 

§81.  Prevention  of  disturbances  of  street  surface. 

Whenever  any  person  shall  attempt  to  take  up  the  pavement  of  any  street  or 
remove  any  part  of  the  paving  thereof,  without  a  permit,  the  borough  president  having 
jurisdiction  shall  take  immediate  steps  to  prevent  such  disturbances  of  the  surface  of 
the  street  and  shall  forthwith  restore  such  flagging  or  pavement,  as  nearly  as  may  be 
practicable,  to  the  condition  in  which  it  was  before  such  taking  or  removal  as  aforesaid, 
at  the  expense  of  the  party  removing  the  same,  to  be  recovered  as  penalties  are 
recovered.  (C.  O.,  §147;  amended  by  ord.  effective  Feb.  9,  1915.) 


§82.  Violations. 

Any  person  who  shall  violate  any  provisions  of  this  article  shall,  upon  conviction 
thereof,  be  punished  by  a  fine  of  not  more  than  $50,  or  by  imprisonment  for  not  exceed¬ 
ing  30  days,  or  by  both  such  fine  and  imprisonment.  (§6,  New  Brighton  ords.) 


Section  90. 

91. 

92. 

93. 

94. 

95. 

96. 

97. 

98. 


ARTICLE  9. 

Excavations. 

Permit  required. 

Deposits  to  cover  cost  of  restoration  of  pavement. 
Restrictions;  borough  of  Richmond. 

Workmen  on  excavations. 

Excavations  for  public  works. 

Excavations  for  private  purposes. 

Replacement  of  pavement. 

Fees;  borough  of  Richmond. 

Enforcement  of  article. 


§90.  Permit  required. 

No  water  company,  gas  company,  telephone  or  electric  light  company,  nor  any 
person  or  association  of  persons  shall  be  allowed  to  dig  up  any  street  or  public  place, 
for  any  purpose,  without  a  written  permit  from  the  president  of  the  borough  in  which 
the  work  is  to  be  done.  (C.  O.,  §§138,  148.) 

42? 


CHAP.  23 ,  ART.  9,  SECS.  91-93. 


§91.  Deposits  to  cover  cost  of  restoration  of  pavement. 

1.  When  required.  Each  borough  president,  whenever  granting  a  permit  for 
any  excavation,  opening  or  disturbance  of  the  pavement  of  the  carriageway  of  any 
street  or  sidewalk  thereof  for  any  purpose  whatever,  except  in  cases  where  such  open¬ 
ing,  excavation  or  disturbance  shall  be  directly  authorized  by  law,  shall  require  of  the 
person  by  whom  or  for  whose  benefit  any  excavation  or  opening  is  to  be  made,  a  deposit 
of  such  sum  as  shall  be  deemed  sufficient  to  cover  and  pay  all  the  expenses  on  the 
part  of  the  department  granting  the  permit,  as  the  case  may  be,  for  furnishing  such 
material,  doing  such  work,  and  taking  such  means  as  shall  be  required  properly  to 
restore  and  secure  against  sinkage  the  street  and  sidewalk,  pavement,  curb  and  flagging 
necessary  to  be  replaced  in  consequence  of  making  such  excavation,  opening  or  dis¬ 
turbance;  which  deposit  shall  be  a  full  discharge  of  all  liability  and  claim  against  the 
person  making  such  deposit  and  payment  for  the  work  herein  provided  for  and  required 
of  the  department  aforesaid.  (C.  O.,  §148.) 

2.  Deposits  go  to  chamberlain.  All  moneys  received  as  deposits  under  the  pre¬ 
ceding  subdivision  shall  be  turned  over  to  the  chamberlain,  who  shall  keep  an  account 
of  the  same  which  shall  be  separate  and  distinct  from  all  other  funds  and  accounts 
whatsoever,  and  such  deposits  shall  constitute  a  “Special  Fund,”  in  respect  to  each 
department  separately,  which  is  hereby  created  and  established  subject  to  such  pay¬ 
ments  as  hereinafter  provided  for.  (C.  O.,  §149.) 

3.  Disbursements  from  deposits.  Such  sums  as  shall  be  certified  by  the  borough 
presidents  to  have  been  necessarily  expended  by  them  for  any  repaving  done,  pursuant 
to  this  article,  shall  be  paid  from  the  appropriate  “Special  Fund,”  upon  the  requisition 
of  the  borough  presidents,  as  the  case  may  be,  after  examination,  audit  and  allowance 
of  accounts  by  the  finance  department,  in  the  same  manner  that  payments  are  or  shall 
be  required  by  law  to  be  made  from  the  city  treasury;  provided  that  the  amount  so 
certified  and  paid  shall  not  exceed  the  aggregate  amount  of  such  “Special  Fund.” 
(C.  O.,  §151.) 

§92.  Restrictions;  borough  of  Richmond. 

The  following  shall  apply  to  all  excavations  made  in  streets  in  the  borough  of 
Richmond : 

1.  Extent  of  opening.  At  the  intersection  of  cross  streets,  not  more  than 

1/2  of  the  width  of  the  street  shall  be  opened  at  one  time;  the  other  half  shall 

remain  untouched  for  the  accommodation  of  traffic  until  the  first  half  is  restored  for 
safe  use.  (§8,  Richmond  ords.) 

2.  Hydrants  and  mail  boxes.  All  work  shall  be  so  prosecuted  as  not  to  inter¬ 
fere  with  easy  access  to  fire  hydrants  and  United  States  mail  boxes.  (§9,  Richmond 
ords.) 

3.  Snow  removal.  The  person  or  corporation  to  whom  a  permit  for  street  open¬ 
ing  is  granted  must  remove,  within  24  hours,  all  snow  and  ice  that  may  fall  or  form 

upon  the  street  within  5  feet  upon  either  side  of  the  opening  and  keep  the  space  free 
from  snow  and  ice  until  the  opening  is  properly  refilled.  (§21,  Richmond  ords.) 

4.  Tunnelling.  Tunnelling  under  crosswalks  and  railroad  tracks  shall  not  be 
allowed  at  any  time.  The  bridge  stones,  forming  crosswalks,  must  be  removed  and 
placed  out  of  the  way  of  street  traffic,  being  carefully  relaid  and  thoroughly  bedded 
when  the  work  is  completed.  (§7,  Richmond  ords.) 

§93.  Workmen  on  excavations. 

A  person  to  whom  consent  may  be  granted  or  a  permit  issued  to  use  or  open  a 
street  shall  be  required,  before  such  consent  or  permit  may  be  granted  or  issued, 
to  agree  that  none  but  competent  men,  skilled  in  the  work  required  of  them,  shall 
be  employed  thereon,  and  that  the  prevailing  scale  of  union  wages  shall  be  paid  to 

430 


STREETS. 


those  so  employed.  No  consent  shall  be  granted  or  permission  given  until  such  agree¬ 
ment  shall  have  been  entered  into,  with  the  department  having  jurisdiction  over  the 
street  to  be  so  used  or  opened,  and  all  such  permits  hereafter  issued  shall  include 
therein  a  copy  of  this  provision.  (C.  O.,  §113a.) 

§94.  Excavations  for  public  works. 

1.  Notice  to  public  service  corporations.  Whenever  any  sewer,  culvert,  water  main 
or  pipe  is  to  be  constructed,  altered  or  repaired  in  any  street  in  which  the  pipes,  mains 
or  conduits  of  public  service  corporations  are  laid,  or  whenever  any  such  street  shall  be 
regulated  or  graded,  the  contractor  therefor  shall  give  notice  thereof  in  writing  to  the 
said  corporations,  or  to  the  one  whose  pipes,  mains  or  conduits  are  laid  in  the  street 
about  to  be  so  disturbed,  regulated  or  graded,  at  least  24  hours  before  breaking  ground 
therefor.  This  provision  shall  be  included  in  every  contract  hereafter  made  for  con¬ 
structing,  altering  or  repairing  any  sewer  or  culvert,  water  main  or  pipe  in  any  street 
in  which  the  pipes,  mains  or  conduits  of  public  service  corporations  shall  be  laid  at 
the  time  of  making  such  contract,  or  for  regulating  or  grading  any  such  street.  (C.  O., 
§§163,  165;  amended  by  ord.  effective  Feb.  9,  1915.) 

2.  Public  service  corporations  shall  protect  their  property.  Public  service  corpora¬ 
tions  whose  pipes,  mains  or  conduits  are  about  to  be  disturbed  by  the  constructing, 
altering  or  repairing  of  any  sewer,  culvert,  water  main  or  pipe,  or  by  the  regulating 
or  grading  of  any  street,  shall,  on  the  receipt  of  the  notice  provided  for  in  the  preced¬ 
ing  subdivision,  remove  or  otherwise  protect  and  replace  their  pipes,  mains  and  con¬ 
duits,  and  all  fixtures  and  appliances  connected  therewith  or  attached  thereto,  where 
necessary,  under  the  direction  of  the  borough  president.  (C.  O.,  §164;  amended  by 
ord.  effective  Feb.  9,  1915.) 

i 

§95.  Excavations  for  private  purposes. 

1.  Notice  to  public  service  corporations.  The  person  by  whom  or  for  whose  bene¬ 
fit  any  excavation  is  to  be  made  in  any  street  shall  ,  give  notice,  in  writing,  thereof  to 
any  corporation  whose  pipes,  mains  or  conduits  are  laid  in  the  street  about  to  be  dis¬ 
turbed  by  such  excavation,  at  least  24  hours  before  commencing  the  same;  and  shall, 
at  his  expense,  sustain,  secure  and  protect  such  pipes,  mains  or  conduits  from  in¬ 
jury,  and  replace  and  pack  the  earth  wherever  the  same  shall  have  been  removed,  loos¬ 
ened  or  disturbed,  under  or  around  them,  so  that  they  shall  be  well  and  substantially 
supported.  If  any  such  person  shall  fail  to  sustain,  secure  and  protect  said  pipes,  mains 
or  conduits  from  injury,  or  to  replace  and  pack  the  earth  under  or  around  them,  as 
the  provisions  of  this  section  require,  then  the  same  may  be  done  by  the  corporation 
to  whom  the  same  may  belong,  and  the  cost  thereof,  and  all  damages  sustained  by  said 
corporation  thereby,  shall  be  paid  by  said  person,  and.  in  default  thereof,  such  corpo¬ 
ration  may  maintain  an  action  against  him  therefor.  (C.  O.,  §166;  amended  by  ord. 
effective  Feb.  9,  1915.) 

2.  Permits  conditional  upon  such  notice.  The  provisions  of  the  preceding  sub¬ 
division  shall  be  made  part  and  a  condition  of  every  permit  that  shall  be  granted  to  any 
person  for  making  any  excavation  in  any  street  in  which  the  pipes,  mains  or  conduits  of 
any  public  service  corporation  shall  be  laid  at  the  time  of  granting  said  permits ;  pro¬ 
vided  such  corporations  or  any  of  them  shall  secure  such  permits,  or  pay  a  just  propor¬ 
tion  of  the  fees  therefor.  (C.  O.,  §162;  amended  by  ord.  effective  Feb.  9,  1915.) 

§96.  Replacement  of  pavement. 

1.  General  provisions.  Whenever  any  pavement,  sidewalk,  curb  or  gutter  in  any 
street  or  public  place  shall  be  taken  up,  the  borough  president  having  jurisdiction  shall 
restore  such  pavement,  sidewalk,  curb  or  gutter  to  its  proper  condition  as  soon  there¬ 
after  as  is  practicable,  requiring  the  person  or  persons  by  whom  or  for  whose  benefit 


431 


CHAP.  23,  ART.  9,  SECS.  97,  98. 

the  same  is  removed  to  deposit  the  material  composing  the  superstructure,  without 
breaking  or  injuring  the  same,  and  in  a  manner  which  will  occasion  the  least  incom 
yenience  to  the  public;  to  fill  in  any  excavation  made,  and  to  leave  the  same  properly 
packed,  rammed  and  repaired  for  any  required  repaving.  Each  borough  president  is 
hereby  authorized  to  establish  such  rules  and  regulations  as,  in  his  judgment,  shall  be 
deemed  necessary  for  the  purpose  of  carrying  out  the  provisions  of  this  subdivision. 
(C.  O.,  §150.) 

2.  Rock  refills.  Wherever  rock  is  excavated,  not  more  than  1/3  of  the  total 
excavation  shall  be  refilled  with  the  broken  stone,  which  must  be  in  pieces  not  ex¬ 
ceeding  6  inches  in  their  largest  dimension,  and  mingled  with  clean  earth  and  sand, 
and  restored  in  such  manner  as  to  insure  the  thorough  and  compact  filling  of  all 
spaces.  (§6,  Richmond  ords.) 

3.  Restoration  by  borough  presidents.  Whenever  any  pavement  in  any  street 
shall  be  taken  up,  or  any  paving  stones  in  a  street  shall  have  been  removed  in  vio¬ 
lation  of  the  preceding  sections,  the  president  of  the  borough  having  jurisdiction 
shall  forthwith  return  such  stones  to  their  former  places,  and  shall  otherwise  restore 
the  pavement,  as  nearly  as  may  be  practicable,  to  its  normal  condition.  (C.  O.,  §145.) 

§97.  Fees;  borough  of  Richmond. 

1.  Restoration  of  pavement.  Fees  for  the  restoration  of  pavement  shall  be  paid 
by  the  person  responsible  for  a  street  excavation  in  the  borough  of  Richmond,  as 
follows : 

a.  For  areas  less  than  10  square  yards: 

Restoring  granite  or  other  blocks  or  brick  on  concrete  foundation,  per 


square  yard  .  $3  00 

For  restoring  granite  Or  other  blocks  or  brick  on  sand  foundation,  per 

square  yard  .  1  00 

For  sheet  asphalt  on  concrete  foundation,  per  square  yard .  3  00 

For  macadam,  per  square  yard .  80 

(§13,  Richmond  Ords.) 


2.  Areas  in  excess  of  10  square  yards.  The  fees  for  such  excavations  in  the  bor¬ 
ough  of  Richmond  shall  be  such  as  may  be  determined  by  the  president  of  the  bor¬ 
ough  or  his  representative.  The  area  of  surface  to  be  repaved  shall,  in  all  cases,  be 
computed  by  the  president  of  the  borough  or  his  representative,  from  the  diagram 
in  the  application,  as  verified  or  corrected  by  comparison  with  the  maps  and  records 
on  file.  (§14,  Richmond  ords.) 

3.  Inspection  of  back  filling.  The  fee  for  the  inspection  of  the  back  filling  of 


any  trench  in  a  street  in  the  borough  of  Richmond  shall  be  as  follows : 

For  trenches  not  more  than  4  feet  in  depth,  nor  more  than  30  feet  in  length  $2  00 

For  trenches  over  4  feet  and  under  9  feet  in  depth  and  not  more  than  30 

feet  in  length  . . . . . . . . ,..., .  3  00 

For  trenches  Over  9  feet  and  under  16  feet  in  depth  and  not  more  than  30 
feet  in  length  . . .  4  00 


For  trenches  of  greater  dimensions  than  the  foregoing,  special  charge,  as  may  be  de¬ 
termined  by  the  president  of  the  borough,  or  his  representative.  (§11,  Richmond  ords.) 

§98.  Enforcement  of  article. 

1.  Duties  of  police.  All  policemen  shall  be  vigilant  in  the  enforcement  of  the 
provisions  of  this  article,  and  shall  report,  through  proper  channels,  any  violation 
thereof  to  the  corporation  counsel.  Policemen,  on  observing  or  being  informed  of  the. 
opening  of  or  excavating  in  any  street,  shall  require  the  person  making  such  opening 
or  excavation  to  exhibit  the  authority  or  permission  therefor;  and,  if  none  has  been 


STREETS. 


given,  or  if  the  exhibition  thereof  be  refused,  the  officer  shall,  without  delay,  make 
complaint  to  the  corporation  counsel  and  report  the  same  to  the  president  of  the 
bcfrough  in  which  the  violation  occurs,  through  the  police  commissioner.  (C.  O.,  §161.) 

2.  Violations.  Any  person  who  shall  violate  any  provision  of  this  article  shall 
forfeit  and  pay  a  penalty  of  $50,  and,  in  addition  thereto  shall  be  liable  to  pay  the  ex¬ 
pense  of  repairing  or  replacing  any  pavement  removed  or  damaged  by  him.  (C.  O., 
§138.) 

ARTICLE  10. 

House  numbering. 

Section  110.  General  provisions. 

111.  Bo'rough  presidents  to  adjust  numbering. 

112.  Numbers  in  certain  sections  of  Manhattan. 

§110.  General  provisions. 

1.  Requirements.  The  owner,  agent,  lessee  or  other  person  in  charge  of  any 
building  in  the  city  upon  a  street  to  which  street  numbers  of  buildings  have  been 
assigned  by  the  president  of  the  borough  in  which  such  building  is  situate,  shall  cause 
the  proper  street  number  or  numbers  of  such  building  to  be  displayed  on  the  fanlight 
or  transom  or  door,  or  entrance  steps  or  gate,  or  at  the  nearest  practicable  point  to  the 
entrance  of  such  building,  in  such  manner  that  the  street  number  or  numbers  may  at 
all  times  be  plainly  legible  from  the  sidewalk  in  front  of  such  building;  provided 
however,  that  so  far  as  the  purpose  or  intent  of  this  section  is  concerned,  the  “front” 
shall  be  construed  as  that  side  of  the  building  which  faces  the  street  on  which  the 
number  tfr  numbers  of  such  building,  or  premises  on  which  such  building  is  situate, 
have  been  allotted,  and  that  the  number  or  numbers  shall  be  displayed  on  such  side  of 
such  building  or  premises.  (Ord.  effective  Apr.  16,  1912;  amended  by  ord.  effective 
July  7,  1916.) 

2.  Violations.  If  the  owner,  lessee,  agent  or  other  person  in  charge  of  any 
building  in  the  city,  upon  a  street  to  which  street  numbers  of  buildings  have  been 
assigned  by  the  president  of  the  borough  in  which  such  building  is  situate,  shall  fail  to 
display  the  proper  street  number  of  such  building,  as  provided  in  the  foregoing 
paragraph,  within  30  days  after  this  ordinance  shall  take  effect,  the  president  of  the 
borough  in  which  such  building  is  situate  shall  forthwith  serve  such  person  or  persons 
with  a  copy  of  this  section,  and  if,  after  30  days’  service,  the  owner,  lessee,  agent  or 
other  person  in  charge  of  such  building  shall  fail  or  neglect  to  comply  with  the 
provisions  thereof,  be  shall  be  subject  to  a  penalty  of  $25,  which  shall  be  sued  for  and 
collected  in  the  name  of  the  city.  (Id.) 

§111.  Borough  presidents  to  adjust  numbering. 

In  all  cases  where  a  street  shall  have  been  numbered  or  renumbered,  the  borough 
president  having  jurisdiction  shall  thereafter  adjust  and  renumber  such  street  as  the 
same  may  be  required,  from  time  to  time.  In  numbering  and  renumbering  houses,  he 
shall  leave  sufficient  numbers  on  each  block,  so  that,  under  any  circumstances,  there 
would  be  but  one  block  where  a  change  would  be  required,  in  case  of  renumbering  at 
any  subsequent  time.  (C.  O.,  §§101,  104.) 

§112.  Numbers  in  certain  sections  of  Manhattan. 

Whenever  any  street  north  of  9th  street,  inclusive,  in  the  borough  of  Manhattan, 
shall  be  directed  to  be  numbered  or  renumbered,  the  president  of  said  borough  shall 
cause  the  numbers  to  commence  at  Fifth  avenue,  numbering  east  and  west,  beginning 
with  No.  1,  on  the  west  side  of  Fifth  avenue;  No.  100,  on  the  west  side  of  Sixth 
avenue;  No.  200,  on  the  west  side  of  Seventh  avenue,  and  so  on,  east  and  west  of 
Fifth  avenue,  through  the  whole  series  of  streets  north  of  9th  street,  and  including 
9th  street;  and  said  streets  shall  hereafter  be  called  and  known  as  East  9th  and  West 
9th  street,  and  so  on;  the  dividing  line  to  be  Fifth  avenue.  (C.  O.,  §102.) 

433 


CHAP.  23,  ARTS.  11,  12,  SECS.  120-131. 

ARTICLE  11. 

Lights. 

Section  120.  Breaking  or  carrying  away  lamps  or  fixtures. 

121.  Removal  of  lamp-posts  or  electric  light  poles. 

122.  Violations. 

§120.  Breaking  or  carrying  away  lamps  or  fixtures. 

No  person  shall  wilfully  break,  deface,  take  down,  carry  away,  or  interfere  with 
any  lamp  or  any  gas  or  electric  light  apparatus,  or  any  part  thereof,  which  shall  be 
hung  or  fixed  in  any  street  or  public  place,  or  extinguish  the  light  therein  except  by 
proper  authority.  (Charter,  §1462.) 

§121.  Removal  of  lamp-posts  or  electric  light  poles. 

No  person  shall  take  up,  remove  or  carry  away  any  lamp-post  or  electric  light 
pole  in  any  street  or  public  place,  without  permission  of  the  commissioner  of  water 
supply,  gas  and  electricity.  Any  person  who  shall  take  up  and  temporarily  remove  any 
lamp-post  or  electric  light  pole,  under  a  permit  or  by  other  lawful  authority,  shall 
cause  the  same  to  be  reset  at  his  own  expense  immediately  upon  the  completion  of  the 
work  that  necessitated  its  removal.  (C.  O.,  §§297,  298.) 

§122.  Violations. 

Any  person  who  shall  violate  any  provision  of  this  article  shall,  upon  conviction 
thereof,  be  punished  by  a  fine  of  not  more  than  $50,  or  by  imprisonment  for  not 
exceeding  30  days,  or  by  both  such  fine  and  imprisonment.  (Charter,  §1462.) 


ARTICLE  12. 
Noises. 


Section  130. 

131. 

132. 

133. 

134. 

135. 

136. 


General  provisions. 

Hospital  streets. 

School  streets. 

Peddlers,  hawkers  and  venders. 

Junkmen. 

Metal  rails,  pillars  and  columns,  transportation  of. 
Showmen. 


§130.  General  provisions. 

No  person  shall  make,  aid,  countenance,  encourage  or  assist  in  making  any  un¬ 
usual  or  improper  noise,  riot  or  disturbance  in  any  street  or  public  place,  to  the 
annoyance  or  inconvenience  of  travelers,  or  of  persons  residing  adjacent  thereto; 
nor  shall  any  person  use  any  profane,  obscene  or  vulgar  language  in  any  street,  or 
public  place.  (§1,  Arverne.) 


§131.  Hospital  streets. 

The  several  borough  presidents  are  hereby  authorized  to>  erect  on  lamp-posts,  or, 
in  the  absence  of  lamp-posts,  on  such  posts  as  they  may  find  occasion  to  erect,  at 
corners  intersecting  streets  on  which  may  be  located  a  hospital,  lying-in  asylum,  sana¬ 
torium  or  other  institution  reserved  fo'r  the  treatment  of  the  sick,  a  sign  or  signs 
displaying  the  words,  “Notice — Hospital  Street,’’  and  such  other  warning  or  admoni¬ 
tion  to  pedestrians  and  drivers  to  refrain  from  fast  driving  or  making  any  noise  as 
may  tend  to  disturb  the  peace  and  quiet  of  any  o'r  all  of  the  inmates  of  such  institu¬ 
tion.  No  person  shall  make  any  unnecessary  noise,  nor  drive  at  a  speed  faster  than 
a  walk,  on  any  street  designated  as  a  “Hospital  Street,”  for  which  such  warning 
signs  have  been  erected.  (C.  O.,  §260e.) 


434 


STREETS. 


§132.  School  streets. 

1.  Signs.  The  several  borough  presidents  are  hereby  authorized  to  erect,  on 
lamp  posts,  or,  in  the  absence  of  lamp  posts,  on  such  posts  as  they  may  find  occasion 
to  erect,  at  corners  or  intersecting  streets  on  which  may  be  located  a  school,  a  sign 
or  signs  displaying  the  words,  “Notice — School  Street,”  and  such  other  warning  or 
admonition  to  pedestrians  and  drivers  not  to  make  any  unnecessary  noise,  no'r  to 
drive  at  such  speed  as  may  tend  to  disturb  the  peace  and  quiet  of  the  pupils  and 
teachers  of  such  school,  as  may  be  deemed  to  be  expedient.  (Ord.  effective  April  16, 
1912.) 

2.  Noisy  vehicular  traffic.  The  police  commissioner  is  authorized  in  his  discre¬ 
tion  to  cause  all  heavy,  noisy  vehicular  traffic  to  be  diverted  from  the  immediate  block 
or  blocks  upon  which  any  school  shall  be  located,  during  the  period  between  the  hours 
of  8.45  a.  m.  and  3.15  p.  m.  of  every  school  day.  (Id.) 

3.  Noise  lessening  pavement.  The  several  borough  presidents  are  hereby  author¬ 
ized,  in  their  discretion,  to  repave  the  streets  immediately  contiguous  to  ’schools  with 
such  noise  lessening  pavement  as  may  meet  with  their  approval.  (Id.) 

4.  Prohibitions.  No  person  shall  make  any  unnecessary  noise,  drive  at  a  speed 
faster  than  a  walk,  or  violate  any  traffic  rule  or  regulation  of  the  police  department 
on  any  street  which  has  been  designated  as  a  “School  Street,”  fdr  which  such  warning 
signs  have  been  erected.  (Id.) 

§133..  Peddlers,  hawkers  and  venders. 

1.  Generally.  No  peddler,  vender,  hawker  or  huckster,  who  plies  a  trade  or 
calling  of  whatsoever  nature  on  the  streets,  shall  blow  upon  or  use,  or  suffer  or  permit 
to  be  blown  upon  dr  used,  any  horn  or  other  instrument  or  device,  nor  make  or  suffer 
or  permit  to  be  made  any  noise,  tending  to  disturb  the  peace  and  quiet  of  a  neighbor¬ 
hood,  for  the  purpose  of  directing  attention  to  his  wares,  trade  dr  calling.  No  peddler 
shall  cry  or  sell  his  wares  or  merchandise  on  Sunday,  nor  after  9  o’clock  p.  m.,  nor 
cry  his  wares  before  8  o’clock  in  the  morning  of  any  day,  except  Saturdays,  when 
they  shall  be  allowed  to  cry  or  sell  their  wares  or  merchandise  until  11.30  o’clock 
p.  m.  (C.  O.,  §551;  §5,  Manhattan  ords.) 

2.  Special  restrictions.  No  peddler  shall  be  allowed  to  cry  his  wares  within  a 
distance  df  250  feet  of  any  school,  court  house,  church  or  building  in  which  religious 
services  are  held,  during  school  hours  or  hours  of  public  worship,  or  hours  of  holding 
court,  respectively,  nor  at  any  time  within  a  like  distance  of  any  hospital,  asylum  or 
other  like  institution,  ndr  within  a  distance  of  250  feet  of  any  dwelling  house  or  other 
building,  when  directed  or  requested  by  an  occupant  thereof  not  td  do  so.  (§6,  Man¬ 
hattan  ords.) 

§134.  Junkmen. 

No  junkman,  or  other  person  engaged  in  the  buying  or  selling  of  goods,  chattels 
or  merchandise  of  any  kind,  shall  use  or  employ  on  any  street  any  bell  exceeding  6 
ounces  in  weight,  attached  to  his  vehicle  or  horse,  or  in  any  other  manner;  nor  more 
than  3  bells  at  any  one  time,  or  cause  or  allow  the  same  to  be  done.  (§78,  Brooklyn 
ords.) 

§135.  Metal  rails,  pillars  and  columns,  transportation  of. 

All  rails,  pillars  or  columns  of  iron,  steel  or  other  material,  which  are  being 
transported  over  and  along  the  streets  upon  carts,  drays,  cars  or  in  any  other  manner, 
shall  be  so  loaded  as  to  avoid  causing  loud  noises  or  disturbing  the  peace  and  quiet 
of  such  streets.  (C.  O.,  §529.) 

§136.  Showmen. 

No  person  shall  beat  a  drum  or  operate  any  other  instrument,  for  the  purpose  of 
attracting  attention  to  any  show  of  beasts,  birds  or  other  things ;  nor  shall  any  person 

435 


CHAP.  23,  ART.  13,  SECS.  140-142. 


use  or  perform  with,  or  hire,  procure  or  abet  any  other  person  tc/  use  or  perform 
with  any  musical  or  other  instrument  in  any  street  or  public  place,  unless  he  shall 
be  licensed,  as  such,  under  the  provisions  of  §171  of  chapter  14  of  this  ordinance. 
The  provisions  of  this  section  shall  apply  to  itinerant  musicians  and  side-shows,  but 
shall  not  be  construed  so  as  to  affect  any  band  of  music  or  organized  musical  society, 
engaged  in  any  military  or  civic  parade  or  in  serenading,  that  shall  comply  with  the 
laws  of  the  state  or  the  provisions  of  §38  of  chapter  24  of  this  ordinance  relating  to 
parades,  nor  to  any  musical  performance  conducted  under  a  license  from  the  proper 
municipal  authority.  (§39,  Manhattan  ords.) 

ARTICLE  13. 

Obstructions  and  Incumbrances. 


Section  140. 

Special  uses  of  streets. 

141. 

Building  construction,  sidewalk  bridges. 

142. 

Building  material. 

143. 

Earth,  rocks  and  rubbish. 

144. 

House  moving. 

145. 

Posts  and  poles. 

146. 

Removal  of  abandoned  poles. 

147. 

Show  cases. 

148. 

Stairways  and  hoistways. 

149. 

Stands  within  stoop  lines. 

150. 

Storm-doors. 

151. 

Removal  of  obstructions  and  incumbrances. 

152. 

Vehicles,  merchandise  and  other  movable  property. 

§140.  Special 

uses  of  streets. 

No  person  shall,  except  as  otherwise  provided  in  this  code,  incumber  or  obstruct 
any  street  or  sidewalk  which  has  been  opened,  regulated  or  graded,  according  to  law, 
with  any  article  or  thing  whatsoever.  (C.  O.,  §219;  amended  by  ord.  approved  Aug. 
8,  1916.) 

§141.  Building  construction,  sidewalk  bridges. 

Persons  who  desire  to  erect  large  buildings  may  erect  and  maintain  a  bridge, 
not  to  exceed  7  feet  in  height  above  the  sidewalk  and  6  feet  in  width,  extending  the 
whole  length  of  the  proposed  building;  the  steps  leading  to  the  same  to  rest  upon 
the  sidewalk  of  the  adjoining  premises.  (C.  O.,  §211.) 

§142.  Building  material. 

1.  Permit.  The  president  of  each  borough  shall  have  power  to  grant  permits  to 
builders  to  occupy  not  to  exceed  J/z  of  the  carriage  way  of  any  street  with  building 
material;  provided  in  his  opinion  the  interests  and  convenience  of  the  public  will 
not  suffer  thereby.  At  the  time  of  placing  such  material  in  the  street,  the  permit 
so  granted  shall/  forthwith  be  posted  in  some  conspicuous  place  on  or  near  the 
material  and  shall  be  kept  there  so  as  to  be  readily  accessible  to  inspection.  (§1, 
Brooklyn  ords.,  amended  by  ord.  effective  May  2,  1916.) 

2.  Conditions.  Such  permits  shall  provide  expressly  that  they  are  given  upon 
condition  that  the  sidewalks  and  gutters  shall  at  all  times  be  kept  clear  and  unob¬ 
structed,  and  that  all  dirt  and  rubbish  shall  be  promptly  removed,  from  time  to  time, 
by  the  party  obtaining  such  permit,  and  that  all  such  permits  may  be  revoked  by  the 
borough  president,  at  pleasure.  (Id.) 

3.  Deposit.  Except  as  otherwise  specifically  provided  in  this  article,  no  such 
permit  shall  be  granted  to  any  builder  unless  he  shall,  at  the  time  said  permit  is  granted, 
have  on  deposit  with  the  borough  president  the  sum  of  $50,  as  a  guarantee  that  he 

436 


STREETS. 


will  promptly  comply  with  the  conditions  of  all  permits  which  may  be  so  granted,  in¬ 
cluding  the  prompt  removal  of  all  dirt  and  rubbish  placed  upon  the  street,  from  time 
to  time,  and  also  for  the  prompt  removal,  after  the  expiration  or  revocation  of  any 
such  permit,  of  any  building  material  placed  upon  any  street  thereunder.  Each  bor¬ 
ough  president  is  hereby  authorized  and  empowered  to  use  so  much  of  the  moneys  so 
deposited  as  may  be  required  to  effect  the  prompt  removal  of  such  dirt  or  rubbish  as 
may,  from  time  to  time,  be  left  upon  the  streets  by  the  party  making  the  deposit,  and 
also  for  the  purpose  of  removing  any  building  material  which  may  remain  thereon 
after  the  expiration  or  revocation  of  any  permit  under  which  it  was  so  placed.  In 
case  any  such  deposit  shall  become  impaired  or  exhausted,  by  its  use  by  a  borough 
president  in  the  removal  of  dirt,  rubbish,  or  building  material,  the  amount  shall  be 
made  up  immediately,  to  the  sum  of  $50,  on  notice  from  the  borough  president,  and, 
in  default  thereof,  all  permits  theretofore  issued  to  the  builder  failing  to  comply  with 
such  notice  shall  be  revoked,  and  no  permit  shall  be  thereafter  granted  to  him  until 
such  deposit  be  made  good.  Any  builder  may  at  any  time  withdraw  his  deposit ;  pro¬ 
vided  he  shall  hold  no  unexpired  permits  and  have  fully  complied  with  all  the  con¬ 
ditions  of  all  permits  theretofore  issued,  otherwise  said  builder  shall  be  only  entitled 
to  withdraw  and  receive  as  much  of  the  deposit  as  may  remain  unexpended  after 
the  provisions  of  this  section,  relative  to  the  use  of  said  money  for  the  removal  of 
dirt,  rubbish  or  building  material,  as  the  case  may  be,  have  been  carried  into  effect. 

(Id.) 

4.  Restrictions,  a.  In  placing  building  materials  in  a  street,  the  material  shall 
be  so  placed  as  not  to  occupy  more  than  Y  of  the  width  of  the  carriageway  of 
the  street.  In  a  street  upon  which  there  is  a  railroad,  materials  shall  not  be 
placed  nearer  to  the  track  than  2  feet.  (C.  O.,  §211.) 

b.  In  no  case  shall  building  material  be  placed,  nor  shall  mortar,  cement  or 
other  material  be  mixed,  upon  the  pavement  of  a  street  paved  with  asphalt,  asphalt 
block  or  wood,  except  under  a  permit  issued  by  the  borough  president  having  juris¬ 
diction,  which  shall  contain  a  provision  that  such  pavement  shall  be  protected  by  first 
laying  planks  thereon.  Borough  presidents,  or  other  officers  issuing  permits  to  builders 
to  use  the  streets,  shall  insert  in  each  such  permit  a  clause  requiring  compliance  with 
this  provision.  (C.  O.,  §270.) 

5.  Unauthorised  obstructions'.  Whenever  any  wood,  timber,  stone,  iron  or  other 
building  material  has  been  or  shall  be  put  or  placed  in  or  upon  any  street  without  a 
permit,  the  borough  president  having  jurisdiction  shall  forthwith  cause  the  same 
to  be  taken  up  and  removed.  (C.  O.,  §146.) 

§143.  Earth,  rocks  and  rubbish. 

In  all  cases  where  the  sidewalk  or  roadway  of  a  street  shall  be  encumbered  or 
obstructed  by  the  caving  in  or  falling  off  of  any  earth,  rocks,  rubbish,  or  anything  what¬ 
ever,  from  any  lot  adjoining  such  sidewalks  or  carriageway,  the  owner,  or  occupant  of 
such  lot  shall  cause  such  earth,  rocks,  rubbish  or  other  thing  to  be  removed  and 
cleaned  from  such  sidewalk  or  carriageway,  within  3  days  after  a  written  or  printed 
notice  shall  have  been  served  by  the  borough  president,  or  other  person  in  his  name, 
on  such  owner,  personally,  or  shall  have  been  left  at  the  place  of  residence  of  such 
owner,  in  this  city;  or,  if  such  owner  does  not  reside  in  the  city  and  such  notice  shall 
not  be  personally  served,  then,  within  20  days  after  such  notice  shall  have  been  sent  by 
mail,  addressed  to  such  owner  at  his  place  of  residence,  or,  when  such  residence  is 
unknown  to  the  said  borough  president,  shall  have  been  posted  in  a  conspicuous  place 
on  said  premises.  If  the  owner,  occupant  or  agent  does  not  comply  with  such  notice, 
within  the  time  specified  in  this  section,  after  notice  thereo'f,  the  borough  president 
having  jurisdiction  shall  cause  the  same  to  be  removed  at  the  expense  of  the  owner, 
occupant  or  agent,  and  such  expense  shall  be  sued  for  and  recovered  in  the  name  of 


437 


CHAP.  23,  ART.  13,  SECS.  144-147. 


the  city.  The  corporation  counsel  shall  cause  a  statement  of  such  cost  and  expense, 
together  with  the  description  of  the  premises,  to  be  filed  in  the  office  of  the  county 
clerk  of  the  appropriate  county.  (§§11,  12,  Brooklyn  ords.) 

§144.  House  moving. 

No  person  shall  remove,  or  cause  or  permit  to  be  removed,  or  aid  or  assist  in 
removing,  any  building  or  structure  into,  along  or  across  any  street  or  public  place, 
without  permission  of  the  president  of  the  borough  having  jurisdiction;  under  the 
penalty  of  $250  for  each  offense.  Each  borough  president  is  authorized  to  grant  per¬ 
mits  for  moving  buildings  through  and  across  public  highways,  taking  in  each  case  a 
proper  bond  to  secure  the  city  against  loss  or  damage  incident  to  said  moving.  The 
applicant  for  a  permit  to  move  a  building  on  or  across  a  street,  where  there  are  car 
tracks  or  overhead  wire  construction,  must  obtain  and  file  with  the  application  the 
consent  of  the  company  affected.  (C.  O.,  §269.) 

§145.  Posts  and  poles. 

1.  General  provisions.  No  post  or  pole  shall  be  erected  or  put  up  in  any  street, 
unless  under  a  permit  of  the  president  of  the  borough  having  jurisdiction.  (C.  O. 
§220.) 

2.  Barber  poles.  Barber  poles,  not  exceeding  8  feet  in  height  above  the  sidewalk 
level,  and  other  emblematic  signs  may  be  placed  within  the  stoiop-lines  or  fastened  to 
the  railing  of  any  stoop,  under  the  same  conditions  as  to  dimensions,  consent,  'stc.,  as 
hereinafter  provided  in  the  section  relating  to  show-cases.  (C.  O.,  §263.) 

3.  Ornamental  lamp-posts.  Ornamental  posts,  surmounted  by  lamps,  may  be 
erected  within  stoop  lines  and  on  sidewalks,  near  the  curb,  in  front  of  hotels,  churches, 
theatres,  railroad  stations,  places  of  business,  apartment  houses  and  places  of  public 
assemblage,  in  any  street  or  public  place.  No  such  post  shall  exceed  in  dimensions 
at  the  base  more  than  18  inches  in  diameter,  if  circular  in  form,  and,  if  upon  a 
square  base,  no  side  thereof  shall  exceed  18  inches ;  provided  that  one  of  the  lamps, 
to  be  installed  and  maintained  on  each  of  the  lamp-posts  to  be  erected,  shall  be  lighted 
and  remain  lighted  every  night,  during  the  hours  prescribed  for  public  street  lamps. 
The  work  to  be  done  and  illuminant  supplied  shall  be  at  'the  expense  of  the  person 
maintaining  such  posts  and  lamps.  (C.  O.,  §299;  ord.  effective  Juliy  24,  1912; 
amended  by  ord.  effective  Nov.  13,  1917.) 

§146.  Removal  of  abandoned  poles. 

All  telegraph,  telephone  and  electric  light  poles,  wires  or  conductors  which,  at  the 
time  of  the  passage  of  this  ordinance,  shall  have  been  standing  for  3  months  prior 
thereto,  disused  or  abandoned,  or  which  shall  hereafter  remain  or  stand  disused,  or 
become  disused  or  abandoned,  in,  over  or  upon  any  street  or  public  place,  shall  be 
forthwith  removed,  but  for  sufficient  cause  shown  the  borough  president  having  juris¬ 
diction  may,  by  one  oir  more  orders,  extend  the  time  for  such  removal  for  periods 
not  exceeding  1  year  each.  The  persons  owning,  operating,  managing  or  controlling 
poles,  wires  or  appurtenances  which  may  have  been  so  disused  or  abandoned,  or 
which  may  be  dangerous  or  unsafe,  shall  take  down  and  remove  them,  and,  upon 
their  failure  to  do  so,  the  president  of  the  borough  having  jurisdiction  shall  remove 
the  same  forthwith,  at  the  expense  of  such  persons.  Before  such  removal,  the  borough 
president,  except  in  cases  where  a  condition  of  danger  exists,  shall  mail  a  notice 
thereof  to  the  last  known  address  of  such  persons,  a  copy  oif  which  shall  be  posted 
for  a  period  of  10  days  on  each  of  such  poles  prior  to  its  removal.  (§§23-25,  Arverne 
ords;  ord.  effective  Feb.  9,  1915.) 

§147.  Show  cases. 

Show-cases  may  be  placed  in  areas  or  on  the  sidewalk,  within  the  stoop-line  in 
front  of  any  building,  by  or  with  the  consent  of  the  occupant  of  the  ground  floor 

438 


STREETS. 


thereof,  but  not  beyond  5  feet  from  the  house  line  or  wall  of  any  building  where 
the  stoop-line  extends  further,  except  on  streets  where  the  stoop-lines  have  been 
abolished  by  the  board  of  estimate;  but  no  such  show-case  shall  be  more  than  5  feet 
in  height,  above  the  sidewalk  level,  3  feet  in  length,  and  2  feet  in  width,  nor  shall 
it  be  so  placed  as  to  interfere  with  the  free  access  to  the  adjoining  premises.  All 
such  show-cases  shall  be  freely  movable.  (C.  O.,  §263.) 

§148.  Hoistways. 

Hoistways  may  be  placed  within  5  feet  of  the  building  line,  and  shall  be  provided 
with  approved  trap  doors  and,  when  not  in  actual  use,  guarded  by  iron  railings  or 
rods  to  prevent  accidents  to  passersby.  (Amended  by  ord.  effective  Dec.  28,  1915.) 

§149.  Stands  within  stoop  lines  and  under  elevated  railroad  stations. 

1.  General  provisions.  No  persons  shall  have  or  use  any  bootblack  stand  outside 
of  any  building,  and  there  shall  be  no  booth  or  stand  erected  or  maintained  within 
the  stoop  lines  of  any  building,  or  under  the  stairs  of  the  elevated  railroad  stations, 
without  first  procuring  a  license  therefor,  as  hereinafter  provided.  (C.  O.,  §361.) 

2.  Licenses.  Stands  within  stoop  lines  may  be  permitted  and  licensed,  with  the 
consent  of  the  owner  of  the  abutting  premises,  for  the  sale  of  newspapers,  periodicals, 
fruits,  soda  water,  cigars,  cigarettes,  tobacco,  candies,  confectionery  articles  and  the 
blacking  of  boots,  but  such  licenses  for  the  sale  of  soda  water,  cigars,  cigarettes, 
tobacco,  candies  and  confectionery  articles  shall  be  limited  to  stand  licenses  and  loca¬ 
tions  thereof  in  effect  on  May  18,  1916.  All  licenses  for  such  stands  shall  be  granted 
and  issued  by  the  commissioner  of  licenses.  Any  person  desiring  to  erect  a  stand  or 
booth  for  the  sale  of  newspapers  and  periodicals  underneath  the  stairs  of  any  of  the 
elevated  railroad  stations  shall  file  an  application  in  the  department  of  licenses,  in 
which  the  applicant  shall  specify  the  location  for  such  stand.  (C.  O.,  §362;  amended 
by  ord.  effective  July  13,  1916.) 

3.  Conditions.  Every  license  granted  pursuant  to  this  section  for  a  stand  under 
the  stairs  of  an  elevated  railway  station  shall  contain  the  following  reservation :  “It  is 
expressly  agreed  and  understood  that  this  permit  is  given  subject  to  the  right  of  the 
elevated  railway  company  affected,  its  agents,  employees,  successors  or  assigns,  or 
the  owner  of  said  stairway,  at  any  time  properly  to  inspect,  paint,  repair,  renew,  recon¬ 
struct  or  remove  said  stairway,  or  any  portion  thereof,  and  without  claim  on  the 
parts  of  said  license,  as  against  said  company,  its  agents,  employees,  successors  or 
assigns,  or  the  ow;ner  of  said  stairway,  for  damages  to  or  interference  with  said  booth 
or  stand,  or  the  business  therein  conducted,  occasioned  by  such  inspection,  painting, 
repair,  renewal,  reconstruction  or  removal.”  (C.  O.,  §366.) 

4.  License  fees;  term.  The  annual  license  fee  for  a  stand  under  the  stairs  of  an 
elevated  railway  station  shall  be  $10.  All  stands  within  the  stoop  line  shall  be  classified 
and  the  annual  license  fee  therefor  shall  be  fixed  and  collected  as  specified  in  the 
schedule  following: 

(a)  Stands  for  the  sale  of  newspapers,  periodicals  or  both,  $5; 

(b)  Stands  for  the  sale  of  fruits,  or  soda  water  or  both,  $10; 

(c)  Stands  for  the  sale  of  cigars,  or  cigarettes,  or  tobacco,  or  the  three,  $5; 

(d)  Stands  for  the  sale  of  candies  or  confectionery  articles,  or  both,  $5; 

(e)  Boot  black  stands,  each  chair,  $5. 

A  license  may  be  issued,  in  accordance  with  the  foregoing  provisions  of  this  sec¬ 
tion,  and  in  the  discretion  of  the  commissioner,  covering  the  sale  of  any  combination 
of  the  classes  of  goods  mentioned  above,  to  be  sold,  however,  from  only  one  stand  not 
exceeding  the  legal  size  hereinafter  prescribed  in  this  section ;  except  that  where  boot 
black  chairs  are  included  in  the  combination,  the  space  hereinafter  prescribed  for  boot 
black  chairs  may  be  allowed  in  addition  to  the  stand  for  the  sale  of  other  articles. 
The  fees  to  be  paid  for  such  combination  licenses  shall  be  calculated  in  accordance 


439 


CHAP.  23,  ART.  13,  SEC.  149. 


with  the  above  schedule  for  each  kind  of  article  permitted  to  be  sold,  or  for  each  boot 
black  chair  to  be  operated. 

No  license  shall  be  required  for  stands  within  stoop  lines  for  the  sale  of  news¬ 
papers,  periodicals  or  both,  in  cases  when  such  stands  are  conducted  by  dealers  who 
are  the  owners  or  occupants  of  the  premises  or  stores  in  front  of  which  the  same  are 
situated.  Licenses  for  stands  within  stoop  lines  or  under  the  stairs  of  any  elevated 
railway  station  shall  be  issued  as  of  December  1,  and  shall  expire  on  the  30th  day 
of  November  next  succeeding  the  date  of  issuance  thereof.  (C.  O.  §§263,  264; 
amended  by  ords.  effective  March  14,  1914,  July  16,  1915,  July  13,  1916.) 

5.  Construction  of  stand  or  booth.  No  stand  or  booth  under  the  stairs  of  an 
elevated  railway  station,  and  no  projection  therefrom,  shall  be  erected  that  is  wider 
than  the  width  of  the  stairs  under  which  it  is  placed,  nor  that  extends  along  the  side¬ 
walk  a  greater  distance  than  to  a  point  where  the  under  surface  of  the  stairs  is  not 
over  7  feet  from  the  level  of  the  sidewalk.  The  stand  shall  be  constructed,  erected 
and  maintained  at  the  expense  of  the  applicant,  under  the  direction  of  the  president 
of  the  borough  in  which  it  is  located,  and  upon  plans  to  be  approved  by  the  chief 
engineer  of  the  elevated  railroad  company  effected,  so  as  to  permit  of  a  ready  removal 
of  so  much  thereof  as  may  be  necessary  to  enable  the  said  company,  its  agents  or 
employees,  to  get  convenent  access  to  any  part  of  the  stairway,  for  the  purpose  of 
inspecting,  painting  or  repairing  the  same.  Each  such  stand  shall  be  painted  the  same 
color  as  the  stairs  of  the  elevated  railroad,  and  no  advertisement  shall  be  painted  or 
displayed  thereon.  (C.  O.,  §365.) 

6.  Restrictions,  a.  Every  stand,  other  than  a  stand  or  booth  under  the  stairs 
of  an  elevated  railway  station,  must  be  strictly  within  the  stoop  line,  and  shall  not 
be  an  obstruction  to  the  free  use  of  the  sidewalk  by  the  public.  It  shall  not  exceed 
the  space  of  10  feet  long  by  4  feet  wide;  except  that,  in  the  case  of  bootblack  stands, 
a  space  not  more  than  3  feet  long  and  4  feet  wide  may  be  occupied  by  each  chair  of 
the  stand.  (C.  O.,  §364;  amended  by  ord.  effective  July  7,  1916.) 

b.  No  person  shall  be  permitted  to  sleep  in  any  portion  of  a  stand;  nor  to  hold 
more  than  1  license.  (C.  O.,  §364.) 

c.  No  bootblack  stand  shall  be  provided  with  more  than  3  chairs.  (C.  O.,  §364.) 

7.  Licenses  to  be  displayed.  The  license  for  a  stand  or  booth,  issued  under  any 
provision  of  this  section,  must  be  displayed  thereon,  so  as  to  be  easily  visible  at  all 
times.  (C.  O.,  §368.) 

8.  Licenses  not  transferable.  No  license  issued  under  any  provision  of  this 
section  shall  be  transferable,  with  or  without  consideration.  Any  license  transferred 
to  another  person  shall  immediately  thereupon  cease  and  determine,  and  the  privileges 
thereunder  come  to  an  end ;  provided  that  the  commissioner  of  licenses  may  transfer 
a  license  to  another  location  for  the  period  of  its  unexpired  term,  in  case  the  applica¬ 
tion  for  such  transfer  shall  be  accompanied  by  the  consent  of  the  owner  of  the 
premises  to  which  the  proposed  transfer  is  to  be  made;  and  provided  further,  that 
such  transfer  is  not  sought  for  a  license  to  sell  articles  other  than  newspapers, 
periodicals,  and  fruit  at  a  location  which  was  not  duly  licensed  and  in  effect  on  May 
18,  1916,  but  shall  be  in  accordance  with  the  provisions  of  subdivision  2  of  this  section. 
Any  person  who  shall  be  guilty  of  a  violation  of  the  provisions  of  this  subdivision 
shall  not  thereafter  be  granted  a  license,  permit  or  other  privilege  to  keep  a  stand 
within  the  stoop  line  or  under  an  elevated  railroad  station,  for  the  sale  of  any  of 
the  articles  as  hereinbefore  provided  in  subdivisions  2  and  4  of  this  section,  nor  for  the 
blacking  of  boots.  Further,  any  person  found  guilty  of  violating  any  provisions  of 
this  subdivision,  by  a  court  of  competent  jurisdiction,  shall  be  subject  to  a  fine  of 
not  less  than  $50  nor  more  than  $500.  The  commissioner  of  licenses  shall  have  the 
language  of  this  subdivision  printed  in  bold  type  on  all  applications  for  licenses  and 

440 


STREETS. 


on  all  licenses  granted,  under  the  provisions  of  this  article.  (C.  O.  §372 a;  amended 
by  ord.  effective  Dec.  28,  1915,  and  July  13,  1916.) 

9.  Revocation  of  consent  of  property  owner.  Upon  the  written  revocation  by 
the  owner,  in  front  of  or  adjoining  whose  property  any  such  booth  or  stand  shall 
have  been  erected,  of  any  consent  that  shall  have  been  given  therefor,  signed  by  such 
owner  or  owners  and  filed  in  the  office  of  the  commissioner  of  licenses,  the  commis¬ 
sioner  shall  revoke  the  license  or  permit  for  such  booth  or  stand,  and  the  same  shall 
thereupon  cease,  determine  and  become  null  and  void.  (C.  O.,  §372.) 

10.  Report  to  police  department.  The  commissioner  of  licenses  shall  furnish 
the  police  commissioner  with  a  list  of  all  unexpired  licenses  issued  under  any  pro¬ 
vision  of  this  section,  containing  the  names  of  all  persons  to  whom  licenses  have  been 
issued,  the  place  and  business  for  which  issued  and  the  date  of  the  expiration  of  each 
license.  Thereafter,  during  the  first  week  of  each  month,  the  police  commissioner 
shall  send  to  each  police  precinct  commander  a  list  of  all  such  licenses  issued  in  his 
precinct,  which  shall  contain  the  name  of  each  licensee,  the  location  of  his  stand  or 
business  and  the  date  of  the  expiration  of  his  license,  and  also^  a  list  of  all  licenses 
expiring  during  the  month  for  which  the  report  is  sent.  (C.  O.,  §371.) 

§150.  Storm=doors. 

Storm-doors  not  exceeding  10  feet  in  height,  nor  more  than  2  feet  wider  than  the 
doorway  or  entrance  of  any  building,  may  be  temporarily  erected  within  the  stoop¬ 
lines ;  providing  a  permit  therefor  shall  have  been  obtained  from  the  borough  president 
having  jurisdiction;  but  in  no  case  shall  any  storm-door  extend  more  than  6  feet 
outside  the  house-line.  No  structure  under  the  name  of  “storm-door”  shall  be  lawful 
which  shall  practically  be  an  extension  of  the  building  front  or  house  front,  within 
the  stoop-line,  or  an  enlargement  of  the  ground  floor  of  any  premises.  (C.  O.,  §263.) 
§151.  Removal  of  obstructions  and  incumbrances. 

1.  Jurisdiction.  Except  as  otherwise  specifically  provided  in  this  chapter,  each 
borough  president  is  empowered  to  direct  the  removal  of  any  article  or  thing  whatso¬ 
ever  which  may  incumber  or  obstruct  any  street  or  public  place  within  his  jurisdiction. 
(C.  O.,  §94.) 

2.  Corporation  yards. 

Manhattan:  a.  (Repealed  by  ord.  approved  July  20,  1916.) 

b.  So  much  of  the  space  under  the  Manhattan  bridge,  between  Madison  and 
Monroe  streets,  in  the  borough  of  Manhattan,  is  designated  as  a  corporation  yard  for 
use  by  the  president  of  the  said  borough.  (Id.) 

The  jurisdiction  over  the  corporation  yards,  except  such  as  are  or  shall  be  estab¬ 
lished  by  the  commissioner  of  street  cleaning,  is  vested  in  the  respective  borough 
presidents.  (C.  O.,  §99.) 

3.  Redemption  of  articles  removed.  Except  as  otherwise  provided  in  this  article, 
all.  articles  removed  from  a  street  or  public  place,  under  this  section,  may  be  redeemed 
by  the  owner  upon  his  paying  to  the  borough  president,  for  the  use  of  the  city,  the 
necessary  expenses  of  removal,  together  with  6  cents  per  day  for  each  cart-load 
thereof  during  the  time  it  shall  remain  unclaimed.  (C.  O.,  §96.) 

4.  Reimbursement  for  expenses  of  removal.  Each  borough  president  shall, 
between  the  1st  and  10th  days  of  February,  May,  August  and  November,  and  at  any 
other  time  he  may  designate,  in  each  year,  advertise  and  sell,  at  public  auction,  all 
such  articles  so  removed  as  shall  have  been  in  the  public  yard,  or  other  suitable  place, 
1  month  prior  to  the  time  of  advertising;  and  he  shall,  immediately  after  such  sale, 
account  for  and  pay  the  proceeds  thereof  into  the  city  treasury.  (C.  O.,  §98.) 

5.  Records  and  accounts.  Each  borough  president  shall  enter  in  a  book,  to  be 
provided  for  that  purpose,  a  list  of  all  articles  removed,  under  the  authority  of  this 
section,  with  the  time  of  removal  and  the  expenses  thereof;  and,  when  any  of  the 


441 


CHAP.  23,  ART.  13,  SEC.  152. 


same  shall  be  redeemed,  he  shall  likewise  enter  therein  the  name  of  the  person 
redeeming  the  same  and  the  amount  received  therefor,  and  shall  render  a  certified 
account  thereof  to  the  comptroller  on  Thursday  of  each  week,  and  shall,  thereupon, 
pay  over  the  amount  so  received  to  the  chamberlain.  He  shall  also,  thereupon,  receive 
from  the  chamberlain  duplicate  vouchers  for  the  payment  thereof,  one  of  which  he 
shall,  on  the  same  day,  file  in  the  office  of  the  comptroller.  (C.  O.,  §97.) 

§152.  Vehicles,  merchandise  and  other  movable  property. 

1.  Must  not  be  left  in  street.  No  person,  being  the  owner  or  the  agent,  or  the 
employee  of  the  owner  of  any  truck,  cart,  wagon  or  other  vehicles,  or  of  any  box, 
barrel,  bale  of  merchandise  or  other  movable  property,  shall  leave,  or  suffer  or  permit 
to  be  left  such  vehicle,  merchandise  or  other  movable  property  upon  any  public  street, 
except  upon  such  portion  of  any  marginal  street  or  wharf  or  place  as,  by  the  pro¬ 
visions  of  the  charter,  is  committed  to  the  custody  and  control  of  the  commissioner 
of  docks,  nor  shall  any  person  erect  or  cause  to  be  erected  any  shed,  building  or 
other  obstruction  upon  any  street.  In  case  of  an  accident  to  a  truck,  cart,  wagon  or 
other  vehicle,  the  owner  or  driver  thereof,  if  it  be  disabled  by  such  accident,  shall  be 
allowed  a  reasonable  time,  not  exceeding  3  hours,  to  remove  it.  (Charter,  §1456.) 

2.  Removal  of  such  obstructions.  The  commissioner  of  street  cleaning  shall 
remove,  or  cause  to  be  removed,  all  unharnessed  trucks,  carts,  wagons  and  vehicles 
of  any  description  found  in  any  public  street  or  public  place,  and  also  all  boxes, 
barrels,  bales  of  merchandise  and  other  movable  property  found  upon  any  public 
street  or  place,  not  including,  however,  any  portion  of  marginal  street,  place  or  wharf 
which,  by  the  provision  of  any  law  or  statute,  is  committed  to  the  custody  and  control 
of  the  commissioner  of  docks.  The  commissioner  of  street  cleaning  is  hereby  author¬ 
ized  with  the  consent  and  approval  of  the  board  of  sinking  fund  commissioners,  to 
lease  a  suitable  yard  or  yards  to  which  trucks,  carts,  wagons  and  vehicles,  boxes,  bales, 
barrels  and  other  things,  removed  under  the  authority  of  this  section,  shall  be  taken. 
(Charter,  §545.) 

3.  Reimbursement  for  expenses  of  removal.  The  street  cleaning  commissioner 
shall,  from  time  to  time,  as  often  as  he  shall  deem  necessary,  sell,  or  cause  to  be  sold, 
as  hereinafter  provided,  at  public  auction,  at  such  yard  or  yards,  the  said  trucks,  carts, 
wagons,  vehicles,  boxes,  barrels  and  other  things  so  removed.  Whenever  the  com¬ 
missioner  or  deputy  commissioner  shall  have  removed  or  caused  to  be  removed  any 
such  truck,  cart,  wagon,  vehicle,  box,  barrel,  bale  or  other  thing,  and  shall  deem 
it  necessary  to  sell  it,  and  before  making  the  sale  thereof,  he  shall  file,  with  a 
justice  of  the  municipal  court  of  the  city,  a  written  petition,  verified  by  oath, 
setting  forth  the  facts  which  bring  the  case  within  this  section,  together  with  a 
brief  description  of  each  of  the  trucks,  carts,  wagons,  vehicles,  boxes,  barrels  or 
other  things  so  removed  in  his  custody  and  possession  as  street  cleaning  commis¬ 
sioner  at  the  time  of  filing  such  petition,  stating  either  the  name  of  the  owner,-  or 
that  this  name  is  not  known  to  the  petitioner  and  cannot  be  ascertained  with  reason¬ 
able  diligence,  and  praying  for  a  final  order,  directing  the  sale  of  the  property  so 
seized  or  removed,  and  the  application  of  the  proceeds  thereof,  as  herein  prescribed. 
Upon  the  presentation  of  the  petition,  the  justice  must  issue  a  precept,  under  his 
hand,  directed  to  the  persons  whose  names  appear  in  the  petition  as  owners,  if  stated 
in  the  petition,  or,  if  not  stated,  directed  generally  to  all  persons  having  any  interest 
in  the  property  so  seized  and  removed,  and  briefly  reciting  in  substance  the  other 
facts  stated  in  the  petition  and  requiring  the  person  or  persons  to  whom  the  precept 
is  directed  to  show  cause  before  a  justice  of  the  said  court,  at  a  time  and  place  specified 
therein,  not  less  than  10  nor  more  than  20  days  after  the  issuing  of  the  precept, 
why  the  prayer  of  the  petition  should  not  be  granted.  The  precept  shall  be  served 
by  posting  a  copy  thereof  in  at  least  2  public  and  conspicuous  places  in  the  city, 


442 


STREETS. 


one  of  which  shall  be  the  office  of  the  said  commissioner  of  street  cleaning,  and  the 
second  of  which  shall  be  the  yard  to  which  the  property  shall  have  been  removed, 
and  a  copy  of  which  precept  shall  be  so  posted  within  3  days  after  the  precept 
shall  have  been  issued.  A  brief  abstract  of  the  precept  shall  be  published  in  the 
City  Record  and  corporation  newspapers,  within  5  days  after  the  issue,  and  not 
later  than  3  days  before  the  return  day  mentioned  in  the  precept.  At  the  time 
and  place  when  the  precept  is  returnable,  the  commissioner  must  furnish  proof 
of  the  service  of  said  precept  as  herein  prescribed,  and  any  person  named  in  the 
petition  and  precept,  or  otherwise,  having  an  interest  in  the  property  seized,  may 
appear  on  the  return  day  of  the  precept  and  make  himself  a  party  to  the  proceeding 
by  filing  a  written  answer,  subscribed  by  him  or  his  attorney  and  verified  by  the 
oath  of  the  person  subscribing  it,  denying  absolutely,  or  upon  information  and 
belief,  one  or  more  material  allegations  in  the  petition  and  setting  forth  his  interest 
in  the  property  seized.  The  subsequent  proceedings  before  the  justice  shall  be  the 
same  as  in  an  action  in  the  municipal  court  where  an  issue  of  fact  has  been  joined, 
and,  if  the  decision  of  the  justice  is  in  favor  of  the  petitioner,  the  justice  must  make 
a  final  order,  the  same  as  though  no  appearance  or  trial  were  had,  except  to  recite 
the  appearance  and  trial  before  him.  If  no  person  appears  and  answers,  the  justice 
shall  make  a  final  order,  directed  to  the  commissioner  of  street  cleaning,  command¬ 
ing  him  to  sell  at  public  auction  all  of  the  property  seized  and  described  in  the  peti¬ 
tion,  at  the  yard  to  which  said  property  was  removed,  for  the  best  price  which  he 
can  obtain  therefor.  Before  making  any  such  sale,  the  said  commissioner  or  deputy 
commissioner  shall  give  public  notice  in  the  City  Record  and  corporation  papers 
as  by  this  act  prescribed,  not  later  than  3  days  before  the  day  of  such  sale,  and 
such  notice  of  sale  shall  specify  the  time  and  place  of  the  sale,  and  shall  contain  a 
general  description  of  the  property  to  be  sold,  but  no  particular  description  of  any 
article  shall  be  contained  therein.  The  sale  shall  be  made,  at  the  time  and  place 
specified  in  said  notice  of  sale,  by  the  commissioner  or  a  deputy  commissioner  of 
his  department,  or  by  an  auctioneer,  designated  for  such  sale  by  the  commissioner. 
Immediately  after  the  sale,  the  commissioner  shall  pay  to  the  comptroller  the  pro¬ 
ceeds  thereof,  and  shall,  at  the  same  time,  transmit  to  the  comptroller  an  itemized 
statement  of  the  articles  sold,  with  the  price  received  for  each  article  and  a  certificate 
of  the  cost  and  expenses  incurred  by  the  said  commissioner  in  making  such  con¬ 
demnation  and  sales.  The  comptroller  shall  credit  and  add  to  the  appropriation  for 
the  department  of  street  cleaning,  from  the  proceeds  of  such  sale,  the  amount  of 
said  costs  and  expenses  of  such  condemnation  and  sale  as  hereinbefore  provided, 
and,  in  addition  thereto,  such  an  amount  for  each  incumbrance  seized  or  taken, 
condemned  and  sold,  as  hereinbefore  provided,  not  to  exceed  $10,  as  may  be  esti¬ 
mated  and  fixed  by  the  commissioner  of  street  cleaning  as  necessary  to  pay  the  cost 

of  seizing,  removing  and  keeping  or  storing  such  encumbrances;  and  the  remainder 
of  the  moneys  realized  from  such  sale  shall  be  paid  without  interest,  to  the  lawful 
owners  of  the  several  articles  sold.  Any  payment  to  a  person  apparently  entitled 

thereto,  under  the  provisions  of  this  section,  shall  be  a  good  defense  to  the  city 

against  any  other  person  claiming  to  be  entitled  to  such  payment;  but,  if  the  person 
to  whom  such  payment  is  made  is  not  in  fact  entitled  thereto,  the  person  to  whom 
the  same  ought  to  have  been  paid  may  recover  the  same,  with  interest  and  costs  of 
suit,  as  so  much  money  had  and  received  to  his  use,  by  the  person  to  whom  the  same 
shall  have  been  paid.  (Charter,  §545.) 

4.  Redemption  of  property  removed.  The  owner  of  any  truck,  cart,  wagon, 
vehicle,  box,  barrel,  bale  or  other  thing,  removed  from  any  public  street  or  place, 
under  the  provisions  of  this  section,  may  redeem  his  property  at  any  time  after  its 
removal,  upon  payment  to  the  commissioner  of  street  cleaning  of  such  sum  as  he 


443 


CHAP.  23,  ART.  14,  SECS.  160-164. 


may  fix,  not  to  exceed  $10,  for  each  article  redeemed.  The  sum  thus  paid  shall  be 
immediately  transmitted  to  the  comptroller,  and  shall  be  by  him  added  and  credited  to 
the  appropriation  for  the  department  of  street  cleaning,  and  may  be  used  by  the  com¬ 
missioner  for  any  of  the  purposes  of  his  department,  as  if  originally  included  in  the 
appropriation  therefor.  Nothing  in  this  section  contained  shall  be  deemed  to  authorize 
the  summary  removal  of  materials  for  any  public  work  or  improvement  in  course  of 
construction.  (Charter,  §545.) 

5.  Temporary  obstruction  of  crossings.  No  person  shall  obstruct  the  walks  laid 
across  a  public  street  or  at  the  head  of  a  public  slip,  by  placing  or  stopping  his  horse, 
cart  or  other  carriage  upon  or  across  any  of  the  said  walks,  or  by  placing  or  putting 
any  other  obstruction  or  other  thing  across  or  on  the  same.  (C.  O.,  §268.) 


ARTICLE  14. 


Section  160. 
161. 
162. 

163. 

164. 

165. 

166. 

167. 

168. 

169. 

170. 


^Projections  and  Encroachments. 

Projections  prohibited. 

Areas ;  special  restrictions. 

Balustrades. 

Cellar  doors  and  steps. 


Removal  of  unauthorized  projections  and  encroachments  and  incum¬ 
brances. 

Notification  to  corporation  counsel. 

Violations. 


§160.  Projections  prohibited. 

No  areas,  steps  or  other  projections  beyond  the  building  line  except  those 
indicated  in  paragraphs  c,  d,  e,  f  and  h  of  subdivision  4,  §170,  chapter  5  of  this  Code 
of  Ordinances,  shall  be  built,  erected  or  made  upon  the  following  streets,  namely: 

a.  Grand  Boulevard  and  Concourse  in  the  borough  of  The  Bronx,  between  East 
161st  Street  and  Mosholu  Parkway; 

b.  On  Coney  Island  avenue  from  the  Plaza  at  Parkside  avenue  to  Neptune 
avenue,  in  the  borough  of  Brooklyn ; 

c.  On  Newkirk  avenue,  between  Flatbush  avenue  and  Coney  Island  avenue,  in 
the  borough  of  Brooklyn.  (Amended  by  ord.  effective  Dec.  28,  1915.) 

§161.  Areas;  special  restrictions. 

Every  existing  area  that  is  open  at  the  top  shall  be  enclosed  with  a  railing,  the 
gates  of  which,  if  any,  shall  be  so  constructed  as  to  open  inwardly.  (Amended  by 
ord.  effective  Dec.  28,  1915.) 

§162.  Balustrades. 

No  goods,  wares,  merhandise  or  manufacture  of  any  description  shall  be  placed 
or  exposed  to  show  or  for  sale  upon  any  balustrade  that  now  is  or  hereafter  may  be 
erected  upon  any  street.  (Amended  by  ord.  effective  Dec.  28,  1915.) 

§163.  Bay  windows,  show  windows. 

(Repealed  by  ord.  effective  Dec.  28,  1915.) 

§164.  Cellar  steps. 

Every  entrance  or  flight  of  steps,  now  existing  and  projecting  beyond  the  line 
of  the  street  and  descending  into  any  cellar  or  basement  story  of  any  house  or 

♦Amended  by  ord.  effective  Dec.  28,  1915;  see  chapter  5,  article  9  (p.  73). 

444 


STREETS. 


Other  building,  where  such  entrance  or  flight  of  steps  shall  not  be  covered,  shall 
be  inclosed  with  a  railing  on  each  side,  permanently  put  up,  from  3  to  3*4  feet  high, 
with  a  gate  to  open  inwardly,  or  with  2  iron  chains  across  the  front  of  the  entrance-* 
way,  1  near  the  top  and  1  in  the  centre  of  the  railing,  to  be  closed  during  the  night, 
unless  there  be  a  burning  light  over  the  steps,  to  prevent  accidents.  (Amended  by 
ord.  effective  Dec.  28,  1915.) 

§165.  Courtyards  on  private  property. 

(Repealed  by  ord.  effective  Dec.  28,  1915.) 

§166.  Ornamental  projections. 

(Repealed  by  ord.  effective  Dec.  28,  1915.) 

§167.  Porches,  platforms  and  stoops. 

(Repealed  by  ord.  effective  Dec.  28,  1915.) 

§168.  Removal  of  unauthorized  projections,  encroachments  and  incumbrances. 

The  president  of  the  borough  having  jurisdiction  may  give  a  written  or  printed  no¬ 
tice  to  the  owner  of  the  premises,  by  service  upon  such  owner  or  upon  the  occupant  of 
the  premises,  requiring  such  owner  to  remove  or  alter  any  unauthorized  projection,  en¬ 
croachment  or  incumbrance,  within  a  period  to  be  specified  in  such  notice,  which  shall 
be  in  writing  and  shall  be  served  personally,  or  by  leaving  it  at  the  house  or  place  of 
business  of  the  owner,  occupant  or  person  having  charge  of  the  house  or  lot  in  front 
of  which  the  projection,  encroachment  or  incumbrance  may  be,  or  by  posting  the  said 
notice  or  order  thereon.  At  any  time  after  the  expiration  of  the  time  specified  for 
that  purpose  in  the  notice,  if  such  encroachment,  encumbrance  or  projection  shall  not 
then  have  been  removed  or  altered,  the  president  of  the  borough  may,  by  notice  or 
order,  direct  and  cause  such  encroachment,  incumbrance  or  projection  to  be  removed 
or  altered  at  the  expense  of  the  owner  or  constructor  thereof,  who  shall  be  liable  to 
the  city  for  all  expenses  that  it  may  incur  by  such  removal  or  alteration,  together  with 
the  penalties  prescribed  by  §170  of  this  article,  to  be  recovered  with  costs  of  suit. 
(§8,  Pt.  Richmond  ords. :  C.  O.,  §§221,222.) 

§169.  Notification  to  corporation  counsel. 

The  president  of  each  borough  shall  present  and  report  all  encroachments  on  the 
streets,  which  may  be  brought  to  his  notice,  to  the  corporation  counsel,  and  shall  take 
such  other  action  thereon  as  may  be  prescribed  by  ordinance  in  relation  thereto. 
(C.  O.  §91.) 

§170.  Violations. 

Any  person  who  shall  violate  any  of  the  provisions  of  this  article  or  fail  to  comply 
therewith,  or  any  requirement  thereof,  or  who  shall  violate  or  fail  to  comply  with  any 
official  order  or  regulation  made  thereunder,  or  who  shall  build  in  violation  of  any  de¬ 
tailed  statement  specifications  or  plans  submitted  and  approved  thereunder,  or  of  any 
certificate  or  permit  issued  thereunder,  shall,  for  each  and  every  such  violation  and 
non-compliance,  respectively,  forfeit  and  pay  a  penalty  in  the  sum  of  $50;  but  if  any 
said  violation  shall  be  removed,  or  be  in  process  of  removal,  within  10  days  after  the 
service  of  a  notice  made  and  served  as  prescribed  by  section  650  of  chapter  5  of  this 
ordinance,  the  liability  of  such  penalty  shall  cease  and  the  corporation  counsel,  on 
request  of  the  superintendent  of  buildings  having  jurisdiction,  shall  discontinue  apy 
pending  action  to  recover  the  same.  Any  person  who,  having  been  so  served  with 
a  notice  to  remove  any  violation,  or  to  comply  with  any  requirement  of  this  article, 
or  with  any  order  or  regulation  made  thereunder  shall  fail  to  comply  with  such  notice, 
within  10  days  after  service  thereof,  or  who  shall  continue  to  violate  any  requirement 
of  this  article,  in  the  respect  named  in  the  notice,  shall  pay  a  penalty  of  $250.  (Build¬ 
ing  Code,  §150;  C.  O.,  §§182,  184,  246.) 


445 


CHAP.  23,  ART.  15,  SECS.  180-182. 


Section  180. 
181. 
182. 

183. 

184. 

185. 

186. 

187. 

188. 
189. 


ARTICLE  15. 

Sidewalks. 

Construction,  generally. 

Abutting  owners’  duties  and  responsibilities. 
Drains  across  sidewalks. 

Boardwalks. 

Carriageways  across  sidewalks. 

Property  owners  may  voluntarily  lay  sidewalks. 
Interference  with  sidewalks. 

Injury  to  or  defacement  of  sidewalks. 
Obstructions. 

Violations. 


§180.  Construction,  generally. 

All  streets  of  22  feet  in  width  and  upward  shall  have  sidewalks  on  each  side 
thereof,  the  width,  materials  and  construction  of  which  shall  fully  conform  to  standard 
specifications  for  such  work,  all  of  which  shall  be  prescribed  by  the  borough  president 
having,  jurisdiction  and  kept  on  file  in  his  office.  (Ord.  effective  Feb.  9,  1915.) 

§181.  Abutting  property  owners’  duties  and  obligations. 

1.  Generally.  The  owner  of  any  house  or  other  building  or  vacant  lot  fronting 
on  any  street,  shall,  at  his  charge  and  expense,  well  and  sufficiently  pave,  according 
to  this  ordinance,  the  sidewalk  and  set  a  curb  thereto,  of  the  street  in  front  of  such 
building  or  lot. 

2.  Notice  to  regulate  and  pave  sidewalks.  When  any  street  shall  have  been 
paved,  and  a  majority  of  owners  of  any  houses  or  other  buildings  or  vacant  lots  on 
the  same  block  shall  have  been  regulated  and  paved  their  sidewalks  and  curbed 
same,  the  president  of  the  borough,  in  which  the  same  is  located,  shall  give  notice  to 
the  owner  of  any  house  or  other  building  or  vacant  lot  in  front  of  which  the  side¬ 
walk  shall  not  be  paved  and  curb  set,  to  regulate,  pave  and  curb  the  same  within 
a  certain  time  to  be  designated  in  the  notice.  Upon  complaint  being  made  to  the 
borough  president  having  jurisdiction  thereof  that  any  sidewalk  is  not  paved  and 
curbed  according  to  this  article,  he  may  cause  a  notice  to  be  served  upon  the  owner 
of  any  house  or  other  building  or  vacant  lot  of  ground  fronting  thereon  to  pave 
such  sidewalk  and  curb  same,  within  ten  days  after  the  service  of  such  notice. 

3.  Construction  by  city;  reimbursement  by  assessment.  In  case  such  owner 
shall  fail  to  pave  such  sidewalk  and  curb  same  within  the  time  required  by  the 
notice  and  otherwise  to  comply  therewith,  the  borough  president  having  jurisdiction 
is  hereby  authorized  and  required  to  pave  such  sidewalk  and  set  the  curb  or  any 
of  such  work,  and  to  do  such  incidental  work  as  may  be  necessary  properly  to  con¬ 
struct  such  sidewalk  and  curb  and  to  certify  the  expense  thereof  to  the  board  of 
assessors.  The  board  shall  make  a  just  and  equitable  assessment  of  such  expense 
among  the  owners  of  all  houses  or  other  buildings  or  lots  deemed  to  be  benefited 
thereby,  in  proportion,  as  near  as  may  be,  to  the  advantages  which  they  may  be 
deemed  to  have  acquired.  (Amended  by  ord.  effective  July  17,  1917.) 

§182.  Drains  across  sidewalks. 

No  drain  from  any  building,  structure,  enclosure  or  lot  of  ground  shall  hereafter 
be  constructed  across  the  surface  of,  or  through  or  under  a  sidewalk,  unless  the 
material  or  materials,  dimensions  and  construction  thereof  shall  fully  conform  to 
standard  specifications  for  such  work,  all  of  which  shall  be  prescribed  by  the  borough 
president  having  jurisdiction  and  kept  on  file  in  his  office.  (Ord.  effective  Feb.  9, 
1915.) 


446 


STREETS . 


§183.  Boardwalks. 

No  board  or  plank  walk  shall  be  constructed  or  laid  down  in  any  street,  without 
the  written  permission  of  the  borough  president  having  jurisdiction.  (§5,  Flushing 
ords.) 

§184.  Carriageways  across  sidewalks. 

1.  General  regulations.  No  person  shall  lower  the  curb  or  change  the  grade 
of  a  sidewalk  in  front  o'f  any  building,  for  the  purpose  of  providing  a  carriageway 
across  such  sidewalk,  except  upon  complying  with  the  following  conditions,  namely : 

a.  Application  shall  be  made  in  writing  by  the  owner  to  the  president  of  the 
borough  within  which  such  premises  are  located ; 

b.  In  consideration  of  the  granting  of  such  permit,  the  borough  president  having 
jurisdiction  is  hereby  authorized  to  charge  a  fee  for  the  privilege,  to  cover  all  ex¬ 
penses  in  connection  with  the  inspection  of  the  alteration  of  the  sidewalk,  and  its 
ultimate  restoration  to  original  grade;  and  he  may  make  such  rules  for  its  proper 
care  and  cleaning  as  he  deems  desirable; 

c.  Every  such  carriageway  shall  be  constructed  under  the  supervision  and  sub¬ 
ject  to  the  direction  of  the  president  of  the  borough  having  jurisdiction,  and  on 
condition  that,  upon  failure  to  comply  with  all  the  terms  of  the  permit,  the  privilege 
may  be  revoked  and  the  sidewalk  be  restored  to  its  original  grade,  at  the  expense  of 
the  person  to  whom  the  permit  was  granted,  o'r  of  the  grantee  then  having  title  to  the 
abutting  property.  (Ord.  effective  April  16,  1912;  amended  by  ord.  approved  Aug. 
8,  1916.) 

2.  Construction.  All  private  carriageways,  crossing  sidewalks,  shall  be  paved 
with  granite,  bluestone  or  artificial  stone  and  not  with  bricks  or  with  round  or  paving 
stones.  (C.  O.,  §122.) 

3.  City  may  construct  or  reconstruct  at  expense  of  owner.  In  case  any  part 
of  a  private  carriageway  shall  not  be  paved,  repaved  or  repaired  according  to  the 
provisions  of  the  preceding  subdivision,  the  borough  president  having  jurisdiction  may 
order,  in  writing,  the  same  to  be  done  within  the  time  mentioned  in  the  order.  At  the 
expiration  of  such  time,  the  work  may  be  done  under  the  direction  of  the  borough 
president,  and  the  expenses  thereof  shall  be  a  lien  upon  the  lot  fronting  thereon.  (C. 
O.,  §123.) 

§185.  Property  owners  may  voluntarily  lay  sidewalks. 

Any  owner  of  property  may  lay  a  sidewalk  in  front  of  his  premises,  of  such 
material  and  in  such  a  manner  as  may  be  prescribed  by  the  borough  president  having 
jurisdiction,  but  no  sidewalk  shall  be  so  laid  unless  under  written  permit  issued  by  the 
borough  president.  (Ord.  effective  Feb.  9,  1915.) 

§186.  Interference  with  sidewalks. 

No  sidewalk  or  any  part  of  a  sidewalk  shall  be  taken  up  in  whole  or  in  part,  for 
any  purpose  whatever,  without  the  written  permission  of  the  president  of  the  borough 
having  jurisdiction,  under  the  penalty  of  $25  for  each  offence;  but  the  provisions  of 
this  section  shall  not  apply  to  the  making  of  necessary  repairs  to  any  such  sidewalk, 
nor  to  the  resetting,  when  necessary,  of  any  curb  or  gutter  stone  that  may  have  become 
displaced,  broken  or  sunken,  nor  to  the  necessary  repair  or  alteration  of  any  coal  slide 
ander  a  sidewalk.  (Ord.  effective  Feb.  9,  1915.) 

§187.  Injury  to  or  defacement  of  sidewalks. 

1.  Breaking  or  injuring.  No  person  shall  break  or  otherwise  injure  any  sidewalk 
or  footpath  under  the  penalty  prescribed  by  §189  of  this  article;  provided  that  such 
penalty  shall  not  accrue  in  case  of  an  accidental  breaking  of  or  injury  to  a  sidewalk 
which  is  repaired,  to  the  satisfaction  of  the  borough  president  having  jurisdiction, 
within  48  hours  after  such  break  or  injury.  (C.  0.,  §267.) 

447 


CHAP.  23,  ARTS.  15,  16,  SECS.  188-210. 


2.  Defacing.  No  person  shall  deface  any  sidewalk  by  printing  or  writing  thereon, 
or  attaching  thereto,  in  any  manner,  any  advertisement  or  other  printed  matter.  (§84. 
Manhattan  ords.) 

§188.  Obstructions. 

.1.  Merchandise.  No  person  shall  hang  or  place  any  goods,  wares  or  mercandise, 
or  suffer,  maintain  or  permit  the  same  to  be  hung  or  placed,  at  any  greater  distance 
than  3  feet  in  front  of  his  house,  store  or  other  building,  and  not  a  greater  height 
than  5  feet  above  the  level  of  the  sidewalk.  Wares  or  merchandise  in  process  of 
loading,  unloading,  shipment  or  being  received  from  shipment,  may  be  transferred 
from  trucks  or  other  vehicles  over  the  sidewalk  by  the  use  of  skids,  or  by  backing  up 
trucks  on  the  sidewalks  while  so  doing.  Household  furniture  may  be  temporarily 
placed  on  a  sidewalk  for  the  purpose  of  loading  or  unloading  the  same,  during  day¬ 
light  and  without  unreasonable  delay ;  but,  in  any  such  case  a  passageway  shall  be  kept 
open  within  the  stoop  line  of  the  building,  abutting  on  the  sidewalk  so  obstructed,  for 
the  free  movement  of  pedestrians.  (Ord.  effective  Feb.  9,  1915.) 

2.  Vehicles.  Except  as  otherwise  provided  in  this  section,  no  person  shp.ll 
lead,  ride  or  drive  a  horse  or  permit  or  suffer  any  cart  or  other  wheel  carriage 
to  be  driven  or  otherwise  to  pass  or  go  over  or  upon  any  footpath  or  sidewalk  of 
the  city,  for  any  purpose  whatever,  except  over  a  driveway  authorized  and  constructed 
in  accordance  with  the  provisions  of  §184  of  this  article.  (Amended  by  ord.  effective 
March  7,  1916.) 

§189.  Violations. 

No  person  shall  violate  any  of  the  provisions  of  this  article  under  a  penalty  of 
$50  for  each  offense.  No  such  violation  shall  be  continued  under  an  additional  penalty 
of  $5  for  each  day  so  continued.  Any  person  who  shall  wilfully  violate,  or  neglect  or 
refuse  to  comply  with  any  provision  of  this  title,  or  any  lawful  regulation,  order  or 
special  direction  made  thereunder,  may  also,  upon  conviction  thereof,  be  punished  by  a 
fine  of  not  more  than  $50,  or  by  an  imprisonment  for  not  exceeding  30  days,  or  by 
both  such  fine  and  imprisonment.  (C.  O.,  §121.) 


ARTICLE  16. 
Signs  and  Showbills. 


Section  210. 

General  provisions. 

211. 

Ground  signs  and  roof  signs. 

212. 

Ground  signs ;  special  provisions. 

213. 

Roof  signs;  special  provisions. 

214. 

Signs  on  walls. 

215. 

Illuminated  signs. 

216. 

Unsafe  signs. 

217. 

Unlawful  signs. 

218. 

Alteration  of  existing  signs. 

219. 

Exemptions. 

220. 

Retroactive  effect. 

221. 

Inspections. 

222. 

Public  signs,  protection  of. 

223. 

Violations. 

§210.  General  provisions. 

Except  as  otherwise  specified  in  the  succeeding  sections  of  this  article,  signs,  show¬ 
bills  and  showboards  may  be  placed  on  the  fronts  of  buildings,  with  the  consent  of 
the  owner  thereof.  They  shall  be  securely  fastened,  and  shall  not  project  more  than 
1  foot  from  the  house  wall,  except  that  signs  may  be  hung  or  attached  at  right  angles 

448 


STREETS. 


to  any  building,  except  a  building  on  Fifth  avenue,  borough  of  Manhattan,  between 
Washington  square  north  and  110th  street,  and  extend,  not  to  exceed  3  feet  there¬ 
from,  in  the  space  between  the  second  floor  (the  ground  floor  being  considered  the 
first  floor)  and  a  point  8  feet  in  the  clear  above  the  level  of  the  sidewalk  in  front 
of  such  building.  Signs  may  be  attached  to  the  sides  of  stoops,  but  not  to  extend 
above  the  railing  or  beyond  the  stoop-line  of  any  stoop.  No  sign,  showbill  or  show- 
board  shall  be  placed,  hung  or  maintained  except  as  prescribed  in  this  article.  (C.  O., 
§260;  amended  by  ord.  appd.  Dec.  14,  1917.) 

§211.  Ground  signs  and  roof  signs. 

1.  Permits  required.  No  ground  sign  or  roof  sign  shall  be  erected  until  a  permit 
therefor  shall  have  been  issued  by  the  superintendent  of  buildings  having  jurisdiction. 
Each  superintendent  of  buildings  may  prescribe  suitable  regulations,  consistent  with 
the  provisions  of  this  article,  concerning  the  forms  and  contents  of  applications  for 
the  various  forms  of  permits.  (Ord.  effective  May  29,  1914.) 

2.  Plans  and  specifications.  No  such  permit  shall  be  issued  unless  plans  and 
specifications,  showing  the  dimensions,  material  and  details  of  construction  of  the 
proposed  sign,  accompanied  by  the  written  consent  of  the  owner  or  lessee  of  the 
property  upon  which  it  is  to  be  erected,  shall  have  been  filed  with  the  superintendent 
of  buildings  having  jurisdiction,  nor  until  all  of  the  provisions  of  the  Building  Code, 
relating  to  such  structures,  shall  have  been  complied  with.  (Id.) 

3.  Illuminated  signs.  In  the  case  of  a  sign  illuminated  by1  electricity,  a  certificate 
must  also  be  procured  from  the  department  of  water  supply,  gas  and  electricity,  cer¬ 
tifying  that  the  electric  wiring  and  electric  appliances  of  the  proposed  sign  are  in 
conformity  with  the  rules  and  regulations  of  said  department.  (Id.) 

4.  Fees.  Before  any  permit  shall  be  issued  under  this  section,  a  fee  therefor  shall 

be  paid  to  the  appropriate  bureau  of  buildings  as  follows:  For  ground  signs,  $2;  for 

roof  signs  having  a  tight,  closed  or  solid  surface,  $5 ;  for  roof  signs  not  having  a 
tight,  closed  or  solid  surface,  $10;  provided  that  each  face  of  any  such  sign  structure, 
when  fronting  on  different  streets,  shall  be  considered  to  be  a  separate  sign.  (Id., 
amended  Feb.  9,  1915.) 

5.  Existing  structures.  Permits  shall  be  issued  for  signs  existing  on  the  29th 

day  of  May,  1914,  not  conforming  to  the  requirements  of  §§212  and  213  of  this 

chapter,  provided  such  signs  were  erected  and  are  maintained  in  conformity  with 
the  legal  requirements  in  effect  when  they  were  erected,  but  no  fees  shall  be  charged 
for  permits  or  registration  for  existing  signs.  (Amended  by  ord.  effective  Feb. 
27,  1917.) 

6.  Registration  and  identification.  Every  ground-sign  and  roof-sign,  existing  or 
hereafter  erected,  shall  be  registered  with  the  bureau  of  buildings  of  the  borough  in 
which  such  structure  is  situated,  by  the  person  maintaining  the  same,  and  shall  have 
displayed  upon  the  front  thereof  the  name  and  address  of  such  person  and  the  serial 
number  of  the  permit  issued  for  such  structure.  The  bureau  of  buildings  may  issue 
permits  in  several  series,  so  as  to  distinguish  between  existing  signs  and  new  sign 
structures  erected  in  conformity  with  this  article,  or  between  various  classes  of  signs. 

(Id.) 

§212.  Ground  signs;  special  provisions. 

1.  Construction.  No  ground,  fence,  billboard  or  sign  within  the  fire  limits  of 
the  city  shall  be,  at  any  point,  over  12  feet  above  the  ground ;  provided  that  when  the 
face  of  any  sign,  excepting  the  ornamental  moulding  thereof,  shall  be  constructed 
entirely  of  metal,  or  of  wood  covered  on  all  sides  with  sheet  metal,  the  sign  shall  not 
be  at  any  point  over  24  feet  above  the  ground.  (Ord.  effective  May  29,  1914.) 

2.  Maintenance.  Any  person  occupying  any  vacant  lot  or  premises  with  a  bill- 

449 


CHAP.  23 ,  ART.  16 ,  S£CS\  2i3-2i6. 


board,  sign  or  other  advertising  structure  or  device  shall  be  subject  to  the  same  duties 
and  responsibilities  as  the  owner  of  the  lot  or  premises,  with  respect  to  keeping  the 
same  clean,  sanitary,  inoffensive  and  free  and  clear  of  all  noxious  substances  in  the 
vicinity  of  such  billboard,  sign,  structure  Or  device,  and  with  respect  to  the  removal  of 
snow  from  the  sidewalk  and  curb  in  front  thereof.  (Id.) 

§213.  Roof  signs;  special  provisions. 

1.  Construction.  All  roof  sign  structures  shall  be  so  constructed  as  to  leave  a 
clear  space  of  at  least  7  feet  between  the  roof  level  and  the  lowest  part  of  the  structure, 
and  at  least  5  feet  between  the  vertical  supports  thereof ;  such  structures  shall  be  set 
back  at  least  6  feet  from  the  face  of  the  front  and  rear  walls  and  shall  not  interfere 
with  any  openings  in  the  roof  or  with  any  fire  escape.  Such  structures,  excepting  the 
ornamental  surface  moulding  thereof,  shall  be  constructed  entirely  of  metal,  including 
the  uprights,  supports  and  braces  for  same,  and  shall  be  required  to  bear  a  wind 
pressure  of  not  less  than  30  pounds  to  the  square  foot  of  area  subject  to  such  pressure. 
(Ord.  effective  May  29,  1915.) 

2.  Restrictions,  a.  No  roof  sign  structure  having  a  tight,  closed  or  solid  surface 
shall  be  at  any  point  over  31  feet  abo've  the  roof  level; 

b.  Roof  sign  structures,  not  having  a  tight,  closed  or  solid  surface,  may  be 
erected  upon  fireproof  buildings  to  a  height  not  exceeding  75  feet  above  the  roof 
level,  and  upon  nom-fi repro'of  buildings  to  a  height  not  exceeding  50  feet  above  the 
roof  level,  but  the  portions  of  such  structures  covered  and  exposed  to  wind  pressure 
shall  not  exceed  35  per  cent,  of  the  total  area.  (Id.) 

§214.  Signs  on  walls. 

1.  Construction.  No  sign  shall  be  erected  upon  the  front,  rear  o'r  side  wall  of  any 
building  so  as  to  project  above  either  the  roof  cornice  or  parapet  wall,  or  above  the 
roof  level  where  there  is  no  cornice  or  parapet  wall;  except  that  a  sign  erected  at 
a  right  angle  to  the  building,  the  horizontal  width  of  which  sign,  parallel  to  such 
wall,  does  not  exceed  2  feet,  may  be  erected  to  a  height  not  exceeding  2  feet  above 
the  roof  or  cornice  or  parapet  wall,  nor  above  the  roof  level  where  there  is  no  cornice 
or  parapet  wall.  A  sign  attached  to  a  corner,  and  parallel  to»  the  vertical  line  of  such 
corner,  shall  be  deemed  erected  at  a  right  angle  to  the  building  wall.  (Ord.  effective 
May  29,  1914.) 

2.  Restriction.  No  such  sign  shall  be  so  erected  as  to  cover  the  doors  or  windows 
of  any  building,  or  otherwise  prevent  free  ingress  or  egress  to  or  from  any  window, 
door  or  fire  escape  on  any  building.  (Id.) 

§215.  Illuminated  signs. 

1.  Application  of  preceding  sections.  Except  as  hereinafter  specifically  prescribed, 
all  provisions  of  §§211  to  214,  inclusive,  of  this  article,  shall  apply  to  the  continuance, 
construction,  alteration,  reconstruction  and  maintenance  of  illuminated  signs,  as  here¬ 
inafter  defined.  (Ord.  effective  July  24,  1912;  amended  by  ord.  effective  May  2,  1916.) 

2.  Issue  of  permits.  All  permits  for  illuminated  signs  shall  be  issued  by  the 
city  clerk,  upon  application  therefor,  approved  by  the  commissioner  of  water  supply, 
gas  and.  electricity  and  the  superintendent  of  buildings  in  the  case  of  electric  signs, 
and,  in  the  case  of  gas  signs,  by  the  fire  commissioner  and  the  superintendent  of 
buildings.  A  permit  o'r  renewal  thereof  issued  hereunder,  upon  the  expiration  thereof 
or  within  30  days  thereafter,  may  be  renewed  for  a  further  period  of  1  year;  and, 
upon  the  payment  by  the  applicant  of  the  fee  therefor  and  the  surrender  of  the  old 
permit,  accompanied  by  satisfactory  proof  in  the  form  of  an  affidavit  that  the 
illuminated  sign  is  the  same  as  when  originally  licensed,  and  that  the  wiring  or  piping 
of  the  sign  is  in  go'od  condition,  the  city  clerk  may  issue  the  permit.  Each  such  permit 

450 


STREETS. 


shall  be  kept  upon  the  premises  whereon  the  sign  is  placed,  either  in  the  possession 
of  the  person  in  charge  or  his  agent.  (Ord.  effective  June  20,  1916.) 

3.  Definition.  Any  letter,  word,  model,  sign,  device  or  representation,  used  in 
the  nature  of  an  advertisement,  announcement  or  direction,  illuminated  by  electricity 
or  gas,  extending  over  the  sidewalk,  shall  be  deemed  to  be  an  illuminated  sign.  Nc/ 
such  sign  shall  be  illuminated  otherwise  than  by  electricity  or  gas.  (Amended  by 
ord.  approved  Aug.  8,  1916.) 

4.  Fee  for  permit.  The  applicant  for  a  permit  to  construct  or  maintain  an 
illuminated  sign  shall  pay  to  the  city  clerk  an  annual  fee  of  10  cents  for  each  square 
foot  of  sign  space  or  part  of  square  foot  of  such  sign  space  displayed  on  such  sign, 
to  be  computed  and  collected  by  the  city  clerk.  The  square  feet  of  sign  space  on 
one  side  of  an  illuminated  sign,  however,  shall  be  deemed  to  constitute  the  entire 
number  of  square  feet  of  sign  space,  for  the  purpose  of  computing  the  license  fee 
referred  to  herein.  (Id.) 

5.  Consent  of  owner  of  adjoining  residence.  No  permit  shall  be  issued  for  the 
erection  of  an  illuminated  sign  upon  a  building  which  adjoins  another  occupied  exclu¬ 
sively  as  a  private  residence,  until  the  applicant  for  the  permit  shall  have  filed  the 
written  consent  of  the  owner  of  such  residence  to  the  erection  of  the  prdposed  sign. 

(Id.) 

6.  Restrictions,  a.  No  illuminated  sign  shall  extend  more  than  8  feet  from 
the  building  line,  except  that  on  authorized  marquise  awnings  the  illuminated  signs 
may  extend  the  entire  length  and  width  of  the  awning,  but  not  more  than  two  feet 
above,  nor  one  foot  below  said  awning;  nor  shall  any  such  sign  be  less  than  ten  feet 
in  the  clear  above  the  level  of  the  sidewalks  to  meet  the  same;  nor  shall  any  such 
sign  be  placed  upon  leased  premises  by  the  owner  of  the  fee  or  lessor  without  the 
consent  in  writing  of  the  lessee  or  sub-lessee,  as  the  case  may  be. 

No  illuminated  sign  shall  hereafter  be  erected  on  any  building  on  Fifth  ave¬ 
nue,  borough  of  Manhattan,  between  Washington  square  north  and  110th  street,  nor 
shall  any  existing  illuminated  sign  on  any  such  building  be  enlarged,  nor  shall  any 
such  sign  on  such  building  be  replaced  or  reconstructed  in  part  or  in  whole  by 
the  erection  of  a  new  illuminated  sign  or  part  thereof,  whether  under  the  same 
permit  or  a  renewal  thereof  or  under  another  permit,  except  that  an  illuminated  sign 
not  in  the  nature  of  an  advertisement  may  be  erected  and  maintained  temporarily 
on  Fifth  avenue  for  a  period  of  not  more  than  one  month  in  connection  with  the 
celebration  of  a  patriotic  occasion  of  extraordinary  public  interest  not  occurring 
annually.  (Amended  by  ords.  effective  April  17,  1917,  and  Dec.  14,  1917.) 

b.  All  illuminated  signs  shall  be  constructed  entirely  of  metal  or  other  incom¬ 
bustible  material,  except  the  insulation  thereof,  if  such  is  to  be  illuminated  by  elec¬ 
tricity,  including  the  uprights,  supports  and  braces  for  the  same,  and  shall  be  properly 
and  firmly  attached  to  the  building,  and  so  constructed  as  not  to  be  or  become  dan¬ 
gerous.  (Ord.  effective  June  20,  1916.) 

c.  If  such  sign  is  to  be  illuminated  by  gas,  the  gas  burners  for  same  shall  be 
located  entirely  inside  of  the  sign  and  so  arranged  and  protected  as  to  prevent  the 
flame  from  being  extinguished  by  the  wind.  A  shut-off  valve  shall  be  placed  on  the 
gas  piping  extending  from  the  building  to  the  sign,  and  so  arranged  as  to  permit  of 
the  shutting  off  of  the  gas  from  the  sign  on  the  outside  of  the  building,  in  case  of 
necessity.  (Added  by  ord.  effective  May  2,  1916.) 

§216  Unsafe  signs. 

Should  any  fence,  sign  billboard,  or  roof  sign  or  sign  structure  be  or  become 
insecure,  or  in  danger  of  falling,  or  otherwise  unsafe,  in  the  opinion  of  the  superin¬ 
tendent  of  buildings,  the  owner  thereof,  or  the  person  maintaining  the  same,  shall, 
upon  notice  from  the  superintendent,  forthwith,  in  case  of  immediate  danger,  and  in  any 

451 


CHAP.  23,  ART.  16,  SECS.  217-223. 


case  within  10  days,  secure  the  same,  under  the  supervision  of  and  in  the  manner 
to  be  approved  by  the  superintendent,  in  conformity  with  the  provisions  of  this  article. 
(Ord.  effective  May  29,  1914.) 

§217.  Unlawful  signs. 

In  case  any  sign  or  sign  structure  shall  be  attached  at  other  than  a  right  angle 
to  the  wall  of  the  building,  extending  outside  the  building  line  and  projecting  above  the 
roof  cornice  or  parapet  walls  or  above  the  roof  level,  where  there  is  no  cornice  or 
parapet  wall,  or  shall  be  so  erected  as  to  prevent  free  ingress  and  egress  to  and  from 
any  door,  window  or  fire  escape  of  any  building,  the  fire  commissioner  shall  notify, 
by  registered  mail,  the  owner  or  lessee  thereof  to  alter  such  sign  or  structure,  so  as  to 
comply  with  this  article,  or  to  remove  the  same.  If  such  order  is  not  complied  with 
within  60  days,  the  fire  commissioner  shall  remove  such  sign  or  sign  structure  at  the 
expense  of  the  owner  or  lessee  thereof.  (Ord.  effective  May  29,  1914.) 

§218.  Alteration  of  existing  signs. 

No  existing  fence,  sign,  billboard,  roof  sign  or  sign  structure  shall  be  enlarged, 
rebuilt,  structurally  altered  or  relocated,  except  in  accordance  with  the  provisions  of 
this  article;  provided  that  this  requirement  shall  not  apply  to  the  relettering  of 
illuminated  signs  except  where  such  relettering  requires  a  change  of  the  wiring  or 
piping  of  such  signs.  (Ord.  effective  May  29,  1914;  amended  by  ord.  effective  May  2, 
1916.) 

§219.  Exemptions. 

No  part  of  the  foregoing  sections  of  this  article  shall  apply  to  walls  constructed 
wholly  or  principally  of  stone,  marble,  brick,  terra  cotta,  concrete  or  other  like  mate¬ 
rial,  composing  a  masonry  or  monolithic  wall;  nor  to  back  yard  fences  on  the  ground 
in  the  interior  of  a  court;  nor  to  picket  fences  and  ornamental  metal  fences.  (Ord. 
effective  May  29,  1914.) 

§220.  Retroactive  effect. 

Except  as  expressly  provided  in  §§216  and  217  hereof,  this  article  shall  have 
no  retroactive  effect.  (Ord.  effective  May  29,  1914.) 

§221.  Inspections. 

Every  sign  or  sign-structure,  for  which  a  permit  shall  have  been  issued  under  any 
provision  of  this  article,  shall  be  inspected  at  least  once  in  each  calendar  year,  by  or 
under  the  direction  of  the  superintendent  of  buildings  having  jurisdiction.  (Ord. 
effective  May  29,  1914.) 

§222.  Public  signs,  protection  of. 

No  person  shall  injure,  deface,  obliterate,  mar,  remove,  take  down,  loosen,  destroy, 
or  in  any  other  manner  interfere  with  or  disturb  any  signboard  containing  the  name 
of  any  street  or  public  place,  whether  it  be  upon  public  or  private  property.  (§2,  Pt. 
Richmond  ords.) 

§223.  Violations. 

1.  Punishment.  No  person  shall  violate  any  provision  of  this  article  under 
a  penalty  of  $100  for  each  offense.  No  sign  or  sign  structure  shall  be  maintained, 
contrary  to  the  provisions  of  this  article,  under  a  penalty  of  $10  for  each  day  or  part 
of  a  day  the  same  shall  be  so  maintained.  (Ord.  effective  May  29,  1914.) 

2.  Abatement.  Except  as  otherwise  provided  in  this  article,  any  fence,  sign,  bill¬ 
board  or  roof-sign  structure  erected  or  maintained  in  violation  of  this  article  shall  be 
subject,  upon  notice,  to  abatement  by  the  superintendent  of  buildings  having  juris¬ 
diction.  (Id.) 


452 


STREETS. 


♦ARTICLE  17. 


Section  240. 

241. 

242. 

243. 

244. 


Vaults. 

General  provisions. 

Construction. 

Vault  openings ;  protection  of. 

Vault  covers  must  afford  secure  footing. 
Violations. 


§240.  General  provisions. 

1.  Definitions.  Whenever  used  in  this  article,  the  term  vault  shall  be  deemed 
to  mean  every  description  of  opening  below  the  surface  of  the  street  that  is  covered 
over,  as  limited  by  subdivision  8  of  this  section,  in  front  of  any  improved  or  unim¬ 
proved  property,  except  cesspools  and  openings  which  are  used  exclusively  as  places 
for  descending  to  the  cellar  floor  of  any  building  or  buildings,  by  means  of  steps. 
Openings  over  which  substantial  and  safe  fixed  gratings  of  metal  or  other  non-com¬ 
bustible  material  have  been  erected  in  accordance  with  the  provisions  of  article  17, 
provided  said  openings  be  used  primarily  for  light  and  ventilation,  and  provided  such 
gratings  are  of  sufficient  strength  to  sustain  a  live  load  of  300  pounds  per  square 
foot  as  provided  in  subdivision  8  of  section  53  of  article  3  of  chapter  5  and  are 
constructed  with  at  least  40  per  cent,  of  open  work,  shall  be  exempted  from  pay¬ 
ments  of  fees  for  permits  for  vaults.  (Amended  by  ord.  effective  Jan.  7,  1918.) 

2.  Jurisdiction.  Each  borough  president  is  empowered  to  issue  permits  for  the 
construction,  maintenance  and  repair  of  vaults  in  the  streets  within  his  jurisdiction. 
(C.  O.,  §169;  amended  by  ord.  approved  Aug.  8,  1916.) 

3.  Permits.  No  person  shall  cause  or  procure  any  vault  to  be  constructed  or 
made  in  any  street,  without  a  permit  from  the  borough  president  having  jurisdiction 
thereof.  Every  application  for  a  permit  to  erect  such  vault  shall  be  in  writing,  signed 
by  the  person  making  the  same,  and  shall  state  the  number  of  square  feet  of  ground 
which  is  required  for  the  same,  and  the  intended  length  and  width  of  the  same. 

4.  Compensation.  Upon  receiving  such  permit,  the  applicant  therefor  shall 
forthwith  pay  to  the  borough  president  such  sum  as  he  shall  certify  in  the  permit  to 
be  a  just  compensation  to  the  city  for  such  privilege,  calculated  at  the  rate  of  not  less 
than  30  cents,  nor  more  than  $2  per  foot,  for  each  square  foot  of  ground  mentioned 
as  required  for  such  vault. 

5.  Measurement.  In  the  case  of  a  new  vault,  before  the  arching  or  covering 
thereof  shall  be  commenced,  the  person  to  whom  the  permit  for  such  vault  shall  have 
been  granted  shall  cause  the  same  to  be  measured  by  a  city  surveyor  who  shall  deliver 
to  the  borough  president  granting  the  permit  a  certificate,  signed  by  the  surveyor, 
specifying  the  dimensions  of  the  vault,  which  shall  be  accompanied  by  a  diagram 
showing  the  square-foot  area  of  the  vault,  including  its  sustaining  walls,  and  indicating 
its  location  relative  to  the  building  and  curb  lines  and  to  the  nearest  intersecting  street 
corner.  In  the  case  of  an  existing  vault,  the  person  claiming  the  right  to  the  use 
thereof  shall  furnish  a  like  certificate  and  diagram  in  respect  thereof,  but  in  such 
case  the  measurement  shall  exclude  the  sustaining  walls. 

6.  Refundments.  If,  from  subsequent  measurements,  it  shall  appear  that  less 
space  has  been  taken  than  that  paid  for,  the  permittee  shall  be  entitled  to  receive  a 
certificate  from  the  borough  president  who  issued  the  permit,  showing  the  difference. 
Upon  the  presentation  of  said  certificate  of  difference  to  the  comptroller,  he  shall 
pay  a  rebate  to  the  permittee,  the  amount  of  which  shall  be  the  difference  in  money 
between  the  space  feet  originally  paid  and  the  fee  for  space  actually  taken ;  provided 
the  surveyor’s  certificate  was  filed  on  or  after  the  1st  day  of  March,  1913. 


♦Amended  by  ord.  effective  July  7,  1916. 

453 


CHAP.  23,  ART.  17,  SECS.  241-244. 


7.  Unauthorized  encroachments.  If  it  shall  appear  that  the  vault  occupies  a 
greater  number  of  square  feet  than  shall  have  been  paid  for  as  aforesaid,  the  owner 
thereof  shall,  in  addition  to  the  penalty  imposed  by  this  article,  forfeit  and  pay  twice 
the  sum  previously  paid  for  each  square  foot  of  ground  occupied  by  the  vault,  over  and 
above  the  number  of  square  feet  paid  for  as  aforesaid. 

8.  Limitation.  No  person  shall  erect  or  build,  or  cause  or  permit  any  vault 
to  be  made,  which  shall  extend  further  than  the  line  of  the  sidewalk  or  curbstone 
of  any  street. 

9.  Responsibility.  The  master  builder,  who  shall  complete  or  begin  the  construc¬ 
tion  of  a  vault,  and  the  owner  or  person  for  whom  the  same  shall  be  excavated  or 
constructed  shall  be  liable  to  the  provisions,  payments  and  penalties  of  this  article, 
severally  and  respectively. 

§241.  Construction. 

1.  Materials.  All  vaults  shall  be  constructed  of  brick  or  stone,  and  the  outward 
side  of  the  grating  or  opening  into  the  street  shall  be  either  within  12  inches  of 
the  outside  of  the  curbstone  of  the  sidewalk,  or  within  12  inches  of  the  coping  of 
the  area  in  front  of  the  house  to  which  such  vault  shall  belong.  All  grates  of 
vaults  shall  be  made  of  iron,  the  bars  whereof  shall  be  £4  of  an  inch  wide  and 

of  an  inch  thick,  and  not  more  than  ^  of  an  inch  apart. 

2.  Completion  of  work.  All  vaults  shall  be  completed  and  the  ground  closed 
over  them  within  3  weeks  after  they  are  commenced. 

§242.  Vault  openings;  protection  of. 

No  person  shall  remove  or  insecurely  fix,  or  cause,  procure,  suffer,  or  permit 
to  be  removed  or  to  be  insecurely  fixed,  so  that  the  same  can  be  moved  in  its  bed, 
any  grate  or  covering  or  aperture  of  any  vault  or  chute  under  any  street ;  but  nothing 
herein  contained  shall  prevent  the  owner  or  occupant  of  the  building,  with  which 
such  vault  shall  be  connected,  from  removing  such  grate  or  covering  for  the  proper 
purpose  of  such  vault  or  chute;  providing  he  inclose  the  opening  or  aperture  and 
keep  the  same  inclosed,  while  such  grate  or  covering  shall  be  removed,  with  a  strong 
box  or  curb  at  least  12  inches  high,  firmly  and  securely  made,  and  provided  that 
openings  of  more  than  2  square  feet  of  superficial  area  shall  be  inclosed  at  such  times 
with  strong  railings  not  less  than  3  feet  high,  to  be  approved  by  the  borough  presi¬ 
dent,  and  further  that  such  grates  or  coverings  shall  not  be  removed  until  after 
sunrise  of  any  day  and  shall  be  replaced  before  one-half  hour  after  sunset. 

§243.  Vault  covers  must  afford  secure  footing. 

The  police  commissioner  shall  report  to  the  president  of  the  borough  having  juris¬ 
diction  the  name  and  address  of  the  owner  or  occupant  of  any  store,  dwelling  or 
other  building  having  a  vault  under  the  sidewalk  in  front  thereof,  the  cover  of  which 
is  broken  or  presents  a  slippery  surface.  Thereupon,  the  borough  president  shall 
forthwith  notify  the  owner  or  occupant  to  remove  such  covering  within  30  days 
and  substitute  therefor  another  that  will  afford  secure  footing  for  pedestrians.  Each 
borough  president  shall  immediately  report  every  violation  of  this  section  to  the  cor¬ 
poration  counsel  for  appropriate  action. 

§244.  Violations. 

No  person  shall  violate  any  provision  of  this  article,  or  any  notice  or  special 
direction  issued  thereunder,  under  a  penalty  of  $100.  No  vault  shall  be  maintained 
contrary  to  the  provisions  of  this  article,  under  a  penalty  of  $10  for  each  day  or 
part  of  a  day  the  same  shall  be  maintained. 


454 


STREETS. 


ARTICLE  18. 


Section  250. 

251. 

252. 

253. 


Miscellaneous. 

Flower  pots  on  window  ledges. 

Missiles;  bean-shooters,  stone-throwing,  etc. 

Tan  bark  on  streets. 

Glass,  china,  or  other  substances;  casting  of  on  streets,  removal  of. 


§250.  Flower  pots  on  window  ledges. 

No  person  shall  place  or  keep  on  any  window  sill,  railing  or  balcony,  top  of  porch 
or  any  other  projection  from  any  house  or  other  building,  any  earthen  flower  pot, 
wooden  box  or  other  article  or  thing  whatever  for  the  cultivation  or  retention  of 
flowers,  shrubs,  vines  or  other  article  or  thing  whatever,  unless  such  flower  pot,  box 
or  other  article  is  securely  and  firmly  fastened  or  protected  by  iron  railings,  so  as  to 
render  it  impossible  for  the  same  to  fall  into  the  street.  (§42,  Manhattan  ord.) 

§251.  Missiles;  bean=shooters,  stone-throwing,  etc. 

No  bean-shooter  or  other  instrument  for  throwing  bullets,  stones  or  beans,  shall 
be  sold  or  offered  for  sale;  nor  shall  any  bean-shooter  or  other  such  instrument  be 
used  by  any  person  for  throwing  bullets,  stones  or  other  missiles,  nor  be  carried  by 
any  person,  with  the  intention  of  being  so  used;  nor  shall  any  person  throw  or  cast 
any  stone,  stick  or  other  missile  in,  from  or  to  any  street  or  public  place.  (C.  O., 
§549.) 

§252.  Tan  bark  on  streets. 

The  mayor  or  any  alderman,  the  department  of  health,  the  police  commissioner, 
or  the  inspector  or  captain  of  police  assigned  to  the  precinct  in  which  the  premises 
are  situated,  shall,  upon  application,  grant  permission  to  lay  tanbark  in  the  carriage¬ 
way  in  front  of  any  premises  occupied  by  a  sick  or  convalescent  person,  to  the  extent 
of  500  feet  in  any  direction  from  said  premises;  providing  all  expense  of  placing  and 
removing  the  bark  shall  be  paid  by  the  person  making  such  application.  The  bark  so 
placed  in  any  street  shall  be  removed,  upon  the  order  of  the  commissioner  of  street 
cleaning,  within  5  days  after  the  recovery  or  death  of  such  sick  or  convalescent  person, 
and,  upon  failure  or  neglect  to  comply  with  such  order,  then  it  shall  be  removed  by 
the  commissioner,  who  may  sue  for  and  recover  the  cost  of  such  removal  in  the  man¬ 
ner  provided  for  the  collection  of  penalties.  (C.  O.,  §273.) 


§253.  Glass,  china,  or  other  substances;  casting  of  on  streets,  removal  of. 

Any  person,  having,  either  accidentally  or  otherwise,  caused  glass,  china,  nails, 
tacks  or  any  other  sharp  or  pentetrating  substance,  to  be  upon  the  surface  of  any 
public  highway  shall  immediately  remove  the  same  from  the  place  where  thus  cast. 
(Added  by  ord.  effective  Dec.  4,  1916.) 


455 


CHAPTER  24. 

TRAFFIC  REGULATIONS. 

Article  1,  General  provisions. 

2.  Rules  of  the  road. 

3.  Miscellaneous  regulations. 

ARTICLE  1. 

General  Provisions. 

Section  1.  Definitions. 

§1.  Definitions. 

Unless  otherwise  expressly  stated,  whenever  used  in  this  chapter,  the  following 
terms  shall  be  respectively  deemed  to  mean : 

1.  Curb,  the  lateral  boundaries  of  that  portion  of  a  street  designed  for  the  use  of 
vehicles,  whether  marked  by  curbstones  or  not  so  marked ; 

2.  Roadway,  that  portion  of  any  street  which  is  included  within  the  curbs  or  curb 
lines  thereof,  and  is  designed  for  the  use  of  vehicles; 

3.  Vehicle,  every  wagon,  carriage,  omnibus,  sleigh,  pushcart,  bicycle,  tricycle  and 
other  conveyance  (except  a  baby  carriage),  in  whatever  manner  or  by  whatever  force 
or  power  the  same  may  be  driven,  ridden  or  propelled,  which  is  or  may  be  used  for 
or  adapted  to  pleasure  riding  or  the  transportation  of  passengers,  baggage  or  mer¬ 
chandise  upon  the  street ;  and  every  draught  and  riding  animal,  whether  driven,  ridden 
or  led ;  provided  that  an  animal  or  animals  attached  to  any  vehicle  shall,  with  such 
vehicle,  constitute  but  1  vehicle.  (C.  O.,  §474.) 


ARTICLE  2. 

Rules  of  the  Road. 


Section  10. 

Drivers ;  age  limit. 

11. 

Driving. 

12. 

Lights. 

13. 

Peddlers. 

14. 

Riding  on  back  of  vehicle. 

15. 

Right  of  way. 

16. 

Obstruction  of  traffic. 

17. 

Speed. 

18. 

Safety  stops  for  omnibuses  and  street  surface  railway  cars. 

i.  Drivers; 

age  limit. 

Drivers  or  persons  in  charge  of  vehicles  other  than  licensed  vehicles  shall  not  be 
less  than  16  years  of  age,  unless  provided  with  a  permit  from  the  police  department. 
(C.  O.,  §463.) 

§11.  Driving. 

1.  Keeping  to  the  right.  Vehicles  shall  keep  to  the  right,  and  as  near  the  right 
hand  curb  as  possible.  (C.  O.,  §435.) 

2.  Meeting.  Vehicles  meeting  shall  pass  each  other  to  the  right.  (C.  O.,  §346.) 

3.  Overtaking  others.  Vehicles  overtaking  others  shall,  in  passing,  keep  to  the 
left.  (C.  O.,  §437.) 

4.  Turning  and  starting.  The  driver  or  person  having  charge  of  any  vehicle, 
before  turning  the  corner  of  any  street,  or  turning  out  or  starting  from  or  stopping 
at  the  curb  line  of  any  street,  shall  first  see  that  there  is  sufficient  space  free  from 


456 


TRAFFIC  REGULATIONS . 


other  vehicles,  so  that  such  turn,  stop  or  start  may  be  safely  made,  and  shall  then  give 
a  plainly  visible  or  audible  signal.  (C.  O.,  §438.) 

5.  Turning  to  the  right  into  another  street.  A  vehicle  turning  to  the  right  into 
another  street  shall  turn  the  corner  as  near  to  the  curb  as  practicable.  (C.  O.,  §439.) 


THUS 


J  V. 


6.  Turning  to  the  left  into  another  street.  A  vehicle  turning  to  the  left  into 
another  street  shall  pass  to  the  right  of  and  beyond  the  centre  of  the  street  inter¬ 
section  before  turning.  (C.  O.,  §440.) 


THUS  : 


J  K. 


t  r 


7.  Crossing  streets.  A  vehicle  crossing  from  one  side  of  the  street  to  the  other 
shall  do  so  by  turning  to  the  left,  so  as  to  head  in  the  same  direction  as  the  traffic  on 
that  side  of  the  street.  (C.  O.,  §441.) 

THUS: 


8.  Slow-moving  vehicles.  Vehicles  moving  slowly  shall  keep  as  close  as  possible 
to  the  curb  line  on  the  right,  so  as  to  allow  faster  moving  vehicles  free  passage  on 
the  left.  (C.  O.,  §453.) 

9.  Signal  on  slowing  up  or  stopping.  In  slowing  up  or  stopping,  a  signal  shall 
always  be  given  to  those  behind,  by  vertically  raising  the  whip  or  hand  vertically. 
(C.  O.,  §451.) 

10.  Stop-signal  to  automobile £.  Every  person  driving  an  automobile  or  motor 
vehicle  shall  at  the  request  or  signal,  by  putting  up  the  hand,  from  a  person  driving 
or  riding  a  restive  horse  or  driving  domestic  animals,  cause  the  automobile  immediately 
to  stop  and  to  remain  stationary,  as  long  as  may  be  necessary  to  allow  said  horse  or 
domestic  animals  to  pass.  (C.  O.,  §452.) 

11.  Stopping.  Unless  in  an  emergency  or  to  allow  another  vehicle  or  pedestrian 
to  cross  its  path,  no  vehicle  shall  stop  in  any  public  street,  except  close  to  the  curb 
line.  Except  as  provided  in  §46  of  this  article,  or  in  case  of  accident  or  other 
emergency,  or  when  directed  to  stop  by  the  police,  no  vehicle  shall  stop  in  such  a 
way  as  to  obstruct  any  street  crossing,  for  the  purpose  of  taking  on  or  setting  down 
a  passenger,  or  loading  or  unloading  freight,  or  for  any  other  purpose.  No  vehicle 
shall  stop  or  stand  within  the  intersection  of  any  street,  nor  within  10  feet  of  a  street 
corner.  (C.  O.,  §§445-447.) 


457 


CHAP.  24,  ART.  2,  SECS.  12,  13. 


12.  Standing  at  curb.  In  no  case  shall  a  vehicle  remain  backed  up  to  the  curb, 
except  when  actually  loading  or  unloading,  and  no  vehicle  shall  stop  with  its  left  side 
to  the  curb.  (C.  O.,  §444.) 

13.  Obstructing  traffic.  No  vehicle  shall  be  allowed  to  remain  upon  or  be  driven 
through  any  street,  so  as  willfully  to  blockade  or  obstruct  the  traffic  of  that  street. 
(C.  O.,  §471.) 

14.  Overloading  teams.  No  vehicle  shall  be  so  overloaded  that  the  horse  or 
motor  attached  thereto  shall  be  unable  to  draw  or  propel  it.  (C.  O.,  §471.) 

15.  Plorses;  care  of.  A  horse  shall  not  be  unbridled,  nor  left  unattended  in  a 
street  or  unenclosed  space  without  being  securely  fastened,  unless  harnessed  to  a 
vehicle  with  wheels  so  secured  as  to  prevent  its  being  dragged  faster  than  a  walk. 
(Amended  by  ord.  effective  June  26,  1917.) 

§12.  Lights. 

1.  Horse  drawn  vehicles.  Every  vehicle  using  the  streets  shall  show  between 
sunset  and  sunrise,  a  light  or  lights,  so  placed  as  to  be  seen  from  the  front,  rear 
and  each  side.  If  a  dash  lantern  is  carried,  it  shall  be  placed  on  the  left-hand  side. 
Such  light  or  lights  shall  be  of  sufficient  illuminating  power  to  be  visible  at  a  distance 
of  200  feet,  and  shall  show  white  in  front,  but  may  be  colored  on  the  sides  and  rear. 
(C.  O.,  §458;  amended  by  ord.  effective  Aug.  11,  1914.) 

2.  Motor  vehicles.  Every  motor  vehicle,  except  motor  cycles,  shall  exhibit,  during 
the  period  specified  in  the  preceding  subdivision,  2  white  lights,  visible  at  a  distance 
of  300  feet  in  the  direction  toward  which  the  vehicle  is  proceeding,  and  shall  also 
exhibit  a  red  light,  visible  in  the  reverse  direction.  The  lights  shall  be  so  placed  as  to 
be  free  from  obstruction  by  other  parts  of  said  vehicle.  No  operator  of  any  motor 
vehicle,  while  operating  the  same  upon  any  street,  shall  use  any  acetylene,  electric  or 
other  headlight  unless  it  shall  be  so  shaded  as  not  to  blind  or  dazzle  other  users  of  the 
highway,  or  make  it  difficult  or  unsafe  for  them  to  ride,  drive  or  walk  thereon.  (Id.) 

3.  Motor-cycles.  All  motor-cycles  shall  be  subjejet  to  the  provisions  of  subdivis¬ 
ion  1  of  this  section.  (Id.) 

4.  Exceptions.  This  section  shall  not  apply  to  any  equestrian;  nor  to  any  animal 
led  or  driven  and  not  attached  to  any  vehicle ;  nor  to  the  rider  of  a  bicycle,  tricycle  or 
similar  vehicle,  whose  light  has  become  extinguished  or  who  is  necessarily  absent 
from  his  home,  without  a  light,  when  going  at  a  pace  not  exceeding  6  miles  an  hour 
and  giving  a  clearly  audible  signal  as  often  as  30  feet  are  passed  over.  (C.  O.,  §459.) 

§13.  Peddlers. 

1.  General  regulations.  No  peddler,  vender,  hawker  or  huckster,  shall  permit 
any  cart,  wagon  or  vehicle,  owner  or  controlled  by  him,  to  stop,  remain  upon  or 
otherwise  incumber  any  street  in  front  of  any  premises,  the  owner  of  or  lessee  of  the 
ground  floor  thereof  objecting  thereto.  No  peddler,  vender,  hawker  or  huckster 
shall  permit  his  cart,  wagon  or  vehicle  to  stand  on  any  street,  within  25  feet  of  any 
corner  of  the  curb,  or  to  stand  at  any  time  on  any  sidewalk,  nor  within  five  hun¬ 
dred  feet  of  any  public  market.  (§1,  Manhattan  ords.;  amended  by  ord.  approved 
Aug.  8,  1916;  amended  by  ord.  effective  Jan.  7,  1918.) 

2.  Restricted  streets.  No  peddler,  vender,  hawker  or  huckster  shall  stop  or 
remain,  between  8  o’clock  a.  m.  and  6  o’clock  p.  m.,  in  the  borough  of 

Manhattan,  on: 

Amsterdam  avenue,  between  67th  and  70th  streets; 

Avenue  A,  between  Houston  and  7th  streets ; 

Avenue  B,  from  Houston  to  14th  streets; 

Avenue  C,  from  Houston  to  14th  streets; 

Centre  street,  from  New  Chambers  street  to  Park  Row; 

458 


TRAFFIC  REGULATIONS. 


Chambers  street,  between  Broadway  and  Centre  street ; 

Eighth  avenue,  between  123rd  and  127th  streets ; 

Fifth  avenue,  from  Washington  square,  North,  to  110th  street; 

Fifth  avenue,  between  110th  street  and  120th  street. 

First  avenue,  between  2d  and  9th  streets ; 

Fulton  street,  between  Broadway  and  Pearl  street; 

Lenox  avenue,  between  123rd  and  127th  streets; 

Morningside  avenue,  between  123rd  and  127th  streets; 

Nassau  street,  between  Spruce  and  Wall  streets; 

Park  avenue,  from  111th  to  134th  streets; 

Park  Row,  from  New  Chambers  to  Ann  streets; 

St.  Nicholas  avenue,  between  123rd  and  127th  streets; 

Seventh  avenue,  between  123rd  and  127th  streets ; 

Sixth  avenue,  between  4th  and  23d  streets; 

Sixth  avenue,  between  23rd  and  30th  streets; 

Sixth  avenue,  between  30th  street  and  59th  street; 

Vesey  street,  between  Broadway  and  Church  street; 

West  End  avenue,  between  67th  and  70th  streets; 

14th  street,  between  4th  and  7th  avenues ; 

23d  street,  between  4th  and  7th  avenues ; 

28th  street,  between  4th  and  6th  avenues; 

29th  street,  between  4th  and  6th  avenues; 

34th  street,  between  5th  avenue  and  Broadway; 

42d  street,  between  the  westerly  side  of  Park  avenue  and  the  easterly  side  of 
Broadway ; 

67th,  68th  and  69th  streets,  from  Amsterdam  avenue  to  the  Hudson  River. 

125th  street,  between  the  westerly  side  of  3d  avenue  and  the  easterly  side  of 
Morningside  avenue; 

The  territory  bounded  by  Market  street,  Division  street,  Jefferson  street  and 
the  East  River; 

The  territory  bounded  by  56th  street,  3rd  avenue,  74th  street  and  the  East  River, 
except  the  space  beneath  the  Queensboro  bridge,  lying  within  said  bounds  set  apart 
for  market  purposes; 

The  territory  bounded  by  73rd  street,  First  avenue,  74th  street,  Second  avenue, 
73rd  street,  Third  avenue,  74th  street,  Lexington  avenue,  84th  street,  Third  avenue, 
83rd  street,  Second  avenue,  82nd  street  and  the  East  River; 

The  territory  bounded  by  82nd  street,  Second  avenue,  84th  street,  Lexington  ave¬ 
nue,  88th  street,  Second  avenue,  91st  street  and  the  East  River ; 

All  streets  lying  within  the  territory  bounded  by  134th  street,  Amsterdam  avenue, 
181st  street  and  the  North  River; 

The  Bronx,  on: 

Brook  avenue,  between  144th  street  and  Westchester  avenue; 

Claremont  parkway,  from  Crotona  Park  to  Claremont  Park; 

East  160th  street,  between  Union  avenue  and  Forest  avenue; 

East  Tremont  avenue,  between  Webster  avenue  and  Boston  road; 

Fox  street,  between  East  167th  street  and  East  165th  street,  and  East  165th 
street,  between  Intervale  avenue  and  Fox  street; 

Home  street,  between  Tinton  avenue  and  Intervale  avenue; 

Jennings  street,  between  Wilkins  avenue  and  Southern  boulevard; 

Prospect  avenue,  between  160th  and  163d  streets; 

Prospect  avenue,  between  165th  street  and  Freeman  street ; 

St.  Anns  avenue,  between  133rd  and  141st  streets ; 


459 


CHAP.  24,  ART  2,  SECS.  14-15. 


Southern  boulevard,  between  Wilkins  avenue  and  Jennings  street; 

Southern  boulevard,  from  174th  street  to  180th  street; 

Stebbins  avenue,  between  165th  street  and  Freeman  street; 

Union  avenue,  between  160th  and  163rd  streets; 

Union  avenue,  between  165th  street  and  Freeman  street; 

Wilkins  avenue,  between  Freeman  and  East  170th  streets; 

Wales  avenue,  from  150th  street  to  Westchester  avenue;  Tinton  avenue,  from 
150th  street  to  Westchester  avenue;  152nd  street,  from  Tinton  avenue  to  Prospect 
avenue,  and  Union  avenue,  from  150th  street  to  Westchester  avenue; 

Charlotte  street,  from  Jennings  street  to  170th  street,  and  Minford  place,  from 
the  north  side  of  Jennings  street  to  172nd  street; 

139th  street,  between  Brook  and  St.  Anns  avenues ; 

152nd  street,  between  Westchester  avenue  and  Tinton  avenue; 

161st  street,  between  Prospect  and  Union  avenues. 

165th  street,  between  Tinton  avenue  and  Intervale  avenue; 

166th  street,  between  Tinton  avenue  and.  Stebbins  avenue; 

167th  street,  between  Tinton  avenue  and  Intervale  avenue ; 

168th  street,  between  Tinton  avenue  and  Prospect  avenue; 

169th  street,  between  Tinton  avenue  and  Intervale  avenue; 

All  intervening  avenues  or  streets  bounded  on  the  south  by  Westchester  ave¬ 
nue,  on  the  north  by  East  158th  street,  on  the  west  by  Trinity  avenue  and  on  the 
east  by  Jackson  avenue; 

Brooklyn,  on: 

Fifth  avenue,  between  Prospect  avenue  and  18th  street; 

Manhattan  avenue,  between  Driggs  and  Vernon  avenues; 

Montrose  avenue,  between  Broadway  and  Bushwick  place ; 

(C.  O.,  Ch.  24,  §13,  as  amended  at  various  times.) 

None  of  the  provisions  of  this  section  shall  be  construed  as  regulating  the  crying 
or  hawking  of  newspapers.  (C.  O.,  §347.) 

§14.  Riding  on  back  of  vehicle. 

No  person  shall  ride  upon  the  back  of  any  vehicle  without  the  consent  of  the 
driver,  and,  when  riding,  no  part  of  a  person’s  body  shall  protrude  beyond  the  limits 
of  the  vehicle.  (C.  O.,  §464.) 

§15.  Right  of  way. 

1.  Direction.  On  all  streets  and  public  places,  all  vehicles  going  in  a  northerly 
or  southerly  direction  shall  have  the  right  of  way  over  any  vehicle  going  in  an  easterly 
or  westerly  direction.  (C.  O.,  §448a.) 

2.  Vehicles  having  precedence.  The  officers  and  men  of  the  fire  department  and 
of  the  fire  patrol,  with  their  apparatus  of  all  kinds,  when  going  to,  or  on  duty  at,  or 
returning  from  a  fire;  all  ambulances,  whether  of  public  or  private  character,  and 
all  other  vehicles  when  employed  in  carrying  sick  or  injured  persons  to  hospitals  or 
other  places  for  relief  or  treatment;  vehicles  of  the  police  department;  vehicles  of 
the  several  bureaus  of  buildings ;  emergency  wagons  of  public  service  corporations,  and 
vehicles  of  all  physicians  who  have  a  police  permit  shall  have  the  right  of  way  in  any 
street  and  through  any  procession,  except  over  vehicles  carrying  the  United  States  mail. 
The  police  department  is  hereby  empowered  to  issue  a  permit  for  such  right  of  way 
to  any  duly  registered  physician,  making  application  therefor,  which  permit  shall  not 
be  transferable.  (C.  O.,  §449;  amended  by  ord.  effective  July  2,  1912.) 

3.  Street  cars.  Subject  to  the  preceding  subdivisions  of  this  section,  surface 
cars,  running  on  tracks  laid  in  the  street  especially  for  their  use,  shall  have  the 
right  of  way  along  such  tracks,  between  cross  streets,  over  all  vehicles  moving  in 

460 


TRAFFIC  REGULATIONS. 


the  same  direction  at  a  less  rate  of  speed  than  15  miles  an  hour.  The  driver  of  any 
vehicle  proceeding  upon  the  track  in  front  of  a  surface  car  shall  turn  out  as  soon 
as  possible  upon  signal  by  the  motorman  or  driver  of  the  car.  (C.  O.,  §450,  amended 
by  ord.,  effective  Feb.  9,  1915.) 

§16.  Obstruction  of  traffic. 

1.  General  provision.  No  person  shall  stop  a  cart,  or  any  other  vehicle,  on  any 

crosswalk  or  intersection  of  streets,  so  as  to  obstruct  or  hinder  the  travel  along  the 
same;  nor  place  any  cart  or  other  vehicle  crosswise  of  any  street,  except  to  load 
thereon  or  unload  therefrom,  but  in  no  case  shall  any  person  permit  such  cart  or  other 
vehicle  to  remain  crosswise  of  any  street  for  a  longer  period  than  may  be  actually 
necessary  for  such  purpose.  (C.  O.,  §443.)  * 

2.  Streets  used  by  surface  cars.  The  owner  or  occupant  of  any  store,  warehouse 
or  building  in  any  street,  in  which  the  rails  of  any  railroad  company  are  laid  so  close 
to  the  curbstones  as  to  prevent  the  owners  or  occupant  from  keeping  any  such  cart  or 
other  vehicle  in  the  carriageway  in  front  of  his  place  of  business,  without  interference 
with  the  passing  cars  of  any  such  company,  may,  during  business  hours,  occupy  so 
much  of  the  sidewalk  as  may  be  necessary  for  a  cart  or  other  vehicle;  provided  that 
sufficient  space  be  allowed  for  the  passing  of  pedestrians  between  the  cart  or  other 
vehicle  and  the  stoop  or'  front  of  every  such  store,  warehouse  or  other  building.  (C.  O., 
§445.) 

3.  Broadway,  Fifth  avenue  and  Park  Row.  In  no  case  shall  any  cart,  wagon 
or  other  vehicle  be  placed  crosswise  of  the  carriageway  on  Broadway  or  Fifth  ave¬ 
nue,  south  of  59th  street,  in  the  borough  of  Manhattan,  nor  on  Park  row,  in  that 
borough ;  nor  shall  any  such  cart,  wagon  or  other  vehicle  be  permitted  to  remain  in 
front  of  any  premises  on  Broadway  or  Fifth  avenue,  south  of  59th  street,  nor  on 
Park  row.  unless  placed  in  close  proximity  to  the  curb,  with  the  side  of  such  cart, 
wagon  or  other  vehicle  parallel  therewith.  (C.  O.,  §443.) 

§17.  Speed. 

1.  General  provisions.  No  person  shall  operate,  drive  or  propel,  and  no  owner 
thereof  riding  thereon  or  therein  shall  cause  or  permit  to  be  operated,  driven  or 
propelled,  on  any  street  or  public  place,  any  bicycle,  tricycle,  velocipede,  motor-cycle, 
motor-tricycle,  motor  delivery  wagon,  or  motor  vehicle  however  propelled,  or  any 
vehicle  drawn  by  horses  or  other  animals,  recklessly  or  negligently,  or  at  a  speed  or 
in  a  manner  so  as  to  endanger,  or  to  be  likely  to  endanger,  the  life  or  limb  or  property 
of  any  person.  A  rate  of  speed  exceeding  15  miles  per  hour  shall  constitute  prima 
facie  evidence  of  a  prohibited  rate  of  speed  and  manner  of  driving,  and  of  a  violation 
of  the  provisions  of  this  section;  a  rate  of  speed  exceeding  20  miles  per  hour  shall 
constitute  a  prohibited  rate  of  speed  and  manner  of  driving,  and  a  violation  of  the 
provisions  of  this  section,  and  a  rate  of  speed  exceeding  25  miles  per  hour,  on  a 
public  highway  which  passes  through  country  or  outlying  sections  that  are  substantially 
undeveloped  and  sparsely  settled,  shall  constitute  a  prohibited  rate  of  speed  and 
manner  of  driving,  and  a  violation  of  the  provisions  of  this  section.  (Ords.  effective 
Apr.  29,  1913,  March  18,  1914.) 

2.  Turning  corners.  In  turning  a  corner  of  meeting  or  intersecting  highways, 
no  person  operating,  driving  or  propelling  any  vehicle  subject  to  the  provisions  of 
subdivision  1  of  this  section  shall  proceed,  nor  shall  the  owner  of  any  such  vehicle 
riding  thereon  or  therein,  cause  or  permit  the  same  to  proceed  at  a  rate  of  speed 
greater  than  4  miles  per  hour.  (Id.) 

3.  Overtaking  or  meeting  street  car.  In  overtaking  or  meeting  a  street  car, 
which  has  been  stopped  for  the  purpose  of  receiving  or  discharging  a  passenger,  no 
vehicle  that  is  subject  to  the  provisions  of  subdivision  1  of  this  section  shall  pass  or 


461 


CHAP.  24,  ART.  2,  SEC.  17. 


approach  within  8  feet  of  such  car  so  long  as  the  same  is  stopped  and  remains  stand¬ 
ing,  for  the  purpose  aforesaid.  (Id.) 

4.  Approaching  bridges ;  passing  public  schools.  Upon  approaching  a  bridge,  or 
in  passing  a  public  school  on  school  days,  between  the  hours  of  8  o’clock  a.  m. 
and  4  o’clock  p.  m.,  no  person  operating,  driving  or  propelling  any  vehicle  subject  to 
the  provisions  of  subdivision  1  of  this  section  shall  proceed,  nor  shall  the  owner  of 
any  such  vehicle  riding  thereon  or  therein  cause  or  permit  the  same  to  proceed  at  a 
rate  of  speed  greater  than  10  miles  per  hour.  (Id.) 

5.  Congested  streets.  In  the  thickly  populated  residential  sections  of  the  city, 
the  police  commissioner  is  hereby  authorized  and  empowered  to  cause  signs  to  be 
erected  or  maintained  in  any  street  thereof,  at  any  time  of  the  day  or  night  when 
such  street  shall  be  congested  by  traffic  or  thronged  by  children,  which  shall  be 
affixed  to  stanchions  on  the  curb  or  other  conspicuous  places,  and  shall  indicate  that 
the  speed  limit  in  such  street  shall  be  not  more  than  8  miles  per  hour.  No  person 
operating,  driving  or  propelling  any  vehicle,  subject  to  the  provisions  of  subdivision 
1  of  this  section,  shall  proceed,  nor  shall  the  owner  of  any  such  vehicle  riding  thereon 
or  therein,  cause  or  permit  the  same  to  proceed  at  a  greater  speed  than  8  miles 
per  hour  upon  any  portion  of  any  street  so  restricted,  during  the  time  when  any 
such  sign  shall  be  erected  and  maintained  thereon.  (Ord.  effective  July  7,  1914.) 

5a.  Rate  of  speed,  certain  streets.  The  Bronx.  No  person  operating,  driving 
or  propelling  any  vehicle,  subject  to  the  provisions  of  subdivision  1  of  this  section, 
shall  proceed,  nor  shall  the  owner  of  any  such  vehicle  riding  thereon  or  therein, 
cause  or  permit  the  same  to  proceed  at  a  greater  speed  than  8  miles  per  hour,  upon 
any  portion  of  the  following  streets:  Washington  avenue  from  167th  street  to  175th 
street;  Brook  avenue  from  169th  street  to  Claremont  parkway;  and  Bathgate  ave¬ 
nue  from  Claremont  parkway  to  Tremont  avenue,  and  Claremont  parkway  from 
Crotona  Park  to  Claremont  Park,  in  the  borough  of  The  Bronx.  (Added  by  ord. 
effective  July  17,  1917.) 

6.  Exceptions.  Nothing  contained  in  any  of  the  provisions  of  subdivision  1  of 
this  section  as  to  specific  rates  of  speed,  nor  in  any  of  the  provisions  of  either 
subdivisions  2,  3,  4  or  5  hereof,  shall  apply  to  vehicles  which  run  only  on  rails  or  tracks 
nor  to  any  of  the  following  vehicles,  when  the  same  are  responding  for  emergency 
work  in  case  of  fire,  accident,  public  disaster  or  impending  danger,  to  wit :  wagons^ 
trucks  and  apparatus  of  the  fire  department,  the  insurance  patrol,  the  police  depart¬ 
ment,  the  bureaus  of  buildings  or  the  militia;  ambulances,  or  the  emergency  repair 
wagons  of  public  service  corporations.  (Ord.  effective  Apr.  29,  1913.) 

7.  Violations.  Any  person  who  shall,  operate,  drive  or  propel  and  any  owner 
thereof,  riding  thereon  or  therein,  who  shall  cause  or  permit  any  vehicle  subject  to  the 
provisions  of  subdivision  1  of  this  section,  to  be  operated,  driven  or  propelled  in 
violation  of  any  of  the  provisions  of  this  article,  shall,  upon  conviction  for  the  first 
offense,  be  punished  by  a  fine  of  not  less  than  $25  nor  more  than  $100,  or  by  im¬ 
prisonment  for  a  term  of  not  less  than  2  days  nor  more  than  15  days,  or  by  both  such 
fine  and  imprisonment,  and  shall  upon  conviction  for  the  second  offense,  within  1  year 
from  the  commission  of  the  first  offense,  be  punished  by  a  fine  of  not  less  than  $50 
nor  more  than  $100,  or  by  imprisonment  for  a  term  of  not  less  than  3  days  nor  more 
than  30  days,  or  by  both  such  fine  and  imprisonment,  and  shall  upon  conviction  for  the 
third  offense,  and  for  each  and  every  offense  subsequent  thereto,  within  1  year  from 
the  commission  of  the  first  offense,  be  punished  by  a  fine  of  $100  or  by  imprisonment 
for  a  term  of  not  less  than  5  days  nor  more  than  60  days,  or  by  both  such  fine  and 
imprisonment ;  provided,  however,  that  in  construing  this  section  the  unit  of  any  1 
year  shall  be  the  basis  for  determining  the  “first,”  “second”  or  “third”  offense,  the 


462 


TRAFFIC  REGULATIONS. 


numerical  order  changing  when  succeeding  convictions  occur,  and  more  than  1 
year  has  elapsed  after  an  original  “first,”  “second”  or  “third”  offense.  (Id.) 


§18.  Safety  stops  for  omnibuses  and  street  surface  railway  cars. 

1.  Fire  stops,  school  stops.  All  omnibuses  and  street  surface  railway  cars  shall 
come  to  a  full  stop : 

a.  At  all  points  where  a  “Fire  Stop  ”  sign  is  exhibited ; 

b.  At  all  points  where  a  “School  Stop”  sign  is  exhibited,  between  the  hours  of  8 
a.  m.  and  9  a.  m.,  12  noon  and  1  p.  m.,  and  3,  p.  m.,  and  5  p.  m.,  except  on  Saturdays, 
Sundays  and  legal  holidays  and  during  the  period  from  July  1  to  September  1,  in¬ 
clusive.  Each  borough  president  is  hereby  authorized  to  erect  signs,  bearing  the  words 
“School  Stop,”  on  each  side  of  streets  within  his  jurisdiction  which  intersect  or  meet 
the  streets  on  which  a  school  is  located,  within  500  feet  from  such  intersecting 
or  meeting  street.  Such  signs  may  be  placed  on  lamp  posts,  street  sign  posts,  trolley 
poles,  trolley  span  wires,  or  other  available  supports,  or,  in  the  absence  of  any  such 
existing  structure,  on  such  new  supports  as  he  may  find  necessary.  (Amended  by 
ord.  effective  July  17,  1917.) 

2.  Passenger  stops.  Street  surface  railway  cars  when  signaled  to  take  on  or 
discharge  passengers  shall  come  to  a  full  stop,  in  such  a  position  as  not  to  obstruct 
the  crosswalk,  before  crossing  any  intersecting  or  connecting  street ;  except  that, 
with  the  written  consent  of  the  police  commissioner  and  upon  the  installation  of 
“Trolley  Stop”  signs  by  the  railway  company,  street  surface  railway  cars  may  stop: 

(a)  At  other  points  on  unpaved  streets; 

(b)  In  the  centers  of  blocks  over  400  feet  long; 

(c)  On  the  far  side  of  any  street  containing  an  intersecting  street  railway. 

The  provisions  of  this  subdivision  shall  apply  also'  to  omnibuses,  except  that 
omnibuses  when  signaled  to  take  on  or  discharge  passengers  shall  come  to  a  full  stop, 
in  such  a  position  as  not  to  obstruct  the  crosswalk,  after  crossing  any  intersecting  or 
connecting  street,  and  provided  that  the  provisions  of  clause  (c),  when  applied  to 
omnibuses,  shall  have  reference  to  the  near  side  instead  of  the  far  side  of  any  street 
containing  an  intersecting  street  railway.  “Bus  Stop”  signs  to  be  used  instead  of 
“Trolley  Stop”  signs. 

3.  Intersecting  streets.  Street  surface  railway  cars  may  cross  an  intersecting 
or  connecting  street  without  stopping;  provided  that,  in  each  case,  the  police  com¬ 
missioner  shall  have  given  his  written  consent  to  such  crossing  and  the  railway 
company  shall  have  installed  a  “No  Stop”  sign  at  such  crossing,  and  provided  further 
that  there  shall  be  a  regular  stopping  place  with  a  “Trolley  Stop”  sign  installed  thereat, 
within  200  feet  of  the  “No  Stop”  sign.  (Ord.  effective  Aug.  14,  1914,  and  Feb.  15, 
1914;  amended  by  ord,  effective  July  7,  1916.) 

4.  Violations.  Any  omnibus  company  or  street  surface  railway  company  violating 
any  provision  of  this  section,  shall,  upon  conviction,  be  punished  by  a  fine  of  $10 
for  each  offense.  (Id.) 


Section  30. 

31. 

32. 

33. 

34. 

35. 

36. 

37. 


ARTICLE  3. 

Miscellaneous  Regulations. 

Advertising  vehicles. 

Bicycles. 

Cattle,  calves,  sheep  and  swine. 
City-owned  automobiles. 

Horse-racing. 

Ice  wagons. 

Motor  vehicle  mufflers. 

Ocean  parkway ;  restrictions. 


463 


CHAP.  24,  ART.  3,  SECS.  30-33. 


Section  37a.  Grand  boulevard  and  concourse,  The  Bronx. 

38.  Processions  and  parades. 

39  Sleighs. 

40.  Trade  wagons. 

41.  Reasonable  care. 

42.  Enforcement  of  chapter;  duties  of  police  department. 

§30.  Advertising  vehicles. 

No  advertising  trucks,  vans  or  wagons  shall  be  allowed  in  the  streets;  provided 
that  nothing  herein  contained  shall  prevent  the  putting  of  business  notices  upon  ordi> 
nary  business  wagons,  so  long  as  such  wagons  are  engaged  in  the  usual  business  or 
regular  work  of  the  owner,  and  not  used  merely  or  mainly  for  advertising.  §41,  Man¬ 
hattan  ords.) 

§31.  Bicycles. 

1.  Coasting.  No  bicycle  shall  be  allowed  to  proceed  in  any  street  of  the  city 
by  inertia  or  momentum,  with  the  feet  of  the  rider  removed  from  the  pedals.  (C.  O., 
§460). 

2.  Trick  riding.  No  rider  of  a  bicycle  shall  remove  both  hands  from  the  handle¬ 
bars,  nor  practice  any  trick  or  fancy  riding  in  any  street.  (C.  O.,  §461.) 

3.  Carrying  children.  No  bicyclist  shall  carry  upon  his  bicycle  any  child  under 
the  age  of  5  years.  (C.  O.,  §462.) 

4.  Leading  bicycles.  Riders  of  bicycles,  when  dismounted,  may  lead  their  bicycles 
along  the  sidewalk  in  single  file,  and  bicycles  may  be  allowed  to  stand  on  the  sidewalk 
provided  they  are  within  the  stoop  line  and  cause  no  obstruction.  (C.  O.  §467.) 

5.  Use  of  sidewalks.  No  bicycle  shall  be  ridden  on  the  sidewalks  of  any  street 
of  the  city.  (C.  O.,  §468;  amended  by  ord.  June  30,  1914.) 

§32.  Cattle,  calves,  sheep  and  swine. 

1.  Driving  or  herding  in  streets.  No  cattle,  calves,  sheep  or  swine  shall  be  driven 
in  any  street  without  a  permit  from  the  police  commissioner,  and  in  strict  accordance 
with  the  routes,  hours  and  other  conditions  prescribed  thereby;  provided  that,  in  the 
borough  of  Manhattan,  cattle,  calves,  sheep  or  swine,  landed  at  the  foot  of  the  street 
leading  to  the  slaughter-house  to  which  they  shall  be  destined,  may  be  driven  along 
such  street,  if  the  same  shall  be  effectively  barred  or  closed  so  as  to  prevent  the 
escape  of  any  of  said  animals  during  their  transfer  from  the  dock  to  the  slaughter¬ 
house.  (Ord.  effective  Feb.  9,  1915.) 

2.  Leading  cattle.  No  person  shall  lead,  or  attempt  to  lead  or  cause  to  be  led, 
any  cattle,  otherwise  than  singly,  1  person  with  each,  on  any  street  nor  upon  any 
sidewalk.  (Id.) 

3.  Landing  in  Manhattan.  No  cattle,  calves,  sheep  or  swine  shall  be  landed  in 
the  borough  of  Manhattan  except  in  accordance  with  the  provisions  of  this  section. 

(Id.) 

§33.  City=owned  automobiles. 

The  words  “City  of  New  York”  shall  be  painted  plainly,  and  visibly,  on  the  out¬ 
side  of  the  back  of  the  body  of  each  automobile  owned  by  the  city.  The  letters  of 
such  inscription  shall  be  at  least  5  inches  in  the  least  dimension,  and  the  color  shall 
contract  with  the  color  of  the  body  of  the  car.  No  person  shall  use  an  automobile 
owned  by  the  city  which  is  not  lettered  as  prescribed  herein ;  provided,  however,  that 
automobiles  used  by  the  police  department,  in  the  detection  and  the  suppression  of 
crime,  shall  be  exempt  from  the  provisions  of  this  section.  (Ord.  effective  Feb.  6, 
1912). 


464 


TRAFFIC  REGULATIONS. 


§34.  Horse=racing. 

Except  as  provided  in  chapter  17  of  this  ordinance,  no  person  shall  run  or  race 
any  horse  in  any  street,  nor  consent  to  or  suffer  such  racing,  under  the  penalty  of 
$50  to  be  recovered  from  the  person  who  shall  so  race,  or  suffer  or  permit  such  racing 
and  the  owner,  rider  and  the  person  having  charge  of  any  animal  which  shall  so  race 
and  run,  severally  and  respectively.  This  section  shall  be  construed  to  prevent  and 
punish  the  running,  racing  or  trotting  of  any  horse  for  any  trial  of  speed,  or  for  the 
purpose  of  passing  any  other  horse,  whether  the  same  be  founded  upon  any  stake,  bet 
or  otherwise.  (§§89,  90,  Manhattan  ords.) 

§35.  Ice  wagons. 

No  person,  being  the  owner  or  driver  of  any  wagon  used  for  the  sale  of  ice,  shall 
permit  or  allow  the  scale  thereon  or  the  beam  to  which  it  may  be  attached,  or  other 
implements  for  handling  ice,  to  project,  or  hang  outside  or  beyond  the  side  of  such 
wagon  when  it  is  in  motion  in  any  street.  (§88,  Manhattan  ords.) 

§36.  Motor  vehicles;  mufflers. 

Every  motor  vehicle  propelled  by  an  internal  combustion  engine,  shall,  when  such 
engine  is  running  on  any  stret  or  public  place,  be  equipped  with  a  muffler  or  silencer, 
through  which  all  of  the  exhaust  gases  from  the  engine  will  escape  into  the  atmosphere. 
No  operator  or  driver  of  any  motor  vehicle  shall  use  any  cut-out,  fitting,  or  other  ap¬ 
paratus  or  device,  which  will  allow  the  exhaust  gases  to  escape  into  the  atmosphere 
without  passing  through  such  muffler  or  silencer.  (Ord.  effective  Apr.  16,  1912.) 

§37.  Ocean  parkway;  restrictions. 

No  person  shall  drive  any  vehicle  over  the  easterly  side  road  or  bridle  road  of  the 
Ocean  parkway,  between  Prospect  park  and  the  Coney  Island  concourse,  in  the 
borough  of  Brooklyn,  except  as  it  may  be  necessary  to  cart  or  convey  supplies  to 
the  residences  along  said  road,  or  building  materials  to  buildings  in  course  of  con¬ 
struction  or  alteration  thereon.  In  all  cases,  however,  vehicles  must  enter  said  road 
from  the  street  nearest  to  the  residence  or  house  in  course  of  construction,  and  must 
leave  the  same  at  the  next  intersecting  street.  (§83,  Brooklyn  ords.) 

§37a.  Grand  boulevard  and  concourse,  The  Bronx. 

1.  The  following  regulations  shall  govern  vehicular  traffic  upon  the  drives  and 
roads  of  the  Grand  boulevard  and  concourse  in  the  borough  of  The  Bronx: 

(1)  Side  drives.  The  side  drives  are  primarily  for  the  use  of  passenger  auto¬ 
mobiles  and  motorcycles  of  all  kinds.  Trucks,  delivery  wagons  and  other  business 
vehicles  are  prohibited  from  using  the  same,  except  when  requisite  for  the  purposes 
of  stopping  at  property  fronting  thereon,  and  in  such  cases  the  use  thereof  by  such 
vehicles  is  prohibited  further  than  is  necessary  for  entering  upon  and  leaving  the 
concourse  by  the  nearest  side  street  or  streets. 

(2)  Centre  drive.  The  centre  drive  is  for  the  use  of  north-  and  south-bound 
horse-drawn  pleasure  vehicles  and  for  equestrians,  but  not  for  business  traffic  of  any 
kind. 

(3)  Application  of  police  regulations.  “The  Rules  for  Driving  and  Regulation 
of  Street  Traffic,”  issued  by  the  police  department  of  the  city  of  New  York,  and 
the  “Rules  of  the  Road”  of  the  Code  of  Ordinances,  shall  not  apply  to  the  grand 
boulevard  and  concourse  where  they  conflict  with  the  foregoing  rules  and  regulations. 
(Added  by  ord.  approved  Aug.  8,  1916.) 

§38.  Processions  and  parades. 

1.  Permits.  No  procession,  parade  or  race  shall  be  permitted  upon  any  street  or 
in  any  public  place  without  a  written  permit  first  obtained  from  the  police  commi- 
sioner.  Application  for  such  permit  shall  be  made  in  writing,  upon  a  suitable  form 


465 


CHAP.  24,  ART.  3,  SECS.  39-41. 

prescribed  and  furnished  by  the  police  department,  not  less  than  36  hours  previous  to 
the  forming  or  marching  of  such  procession,  parade  or  race.  The  police  commissioner 
shall,  after  due  investigation  of  such  application,  grant  such  permit  subject  to  the 
following 

2.  Restrictions. 

(a)  He  shall  not  grant  a  permit  where  he  has  good  reason  to  believe  that  the 
proposed  procession,  parade  or  race  will  be  disorderly  in  character  o'r  tend  to  disturb 
the  public  peace; 

(b)  The  commissioner  shall  not  grant  a  permit  for  the  use  of  any  street  or  any 
public  place,  or  material  portion  thereof,  which  is  ordinarily  subject  to  great  con¬ 
gestion  or  traffic  and  is  chiefly  of  a  business  or  mercantile  character,  except  upon 
those  holidays  or  Sundays  when  the  places  of  business  along  the  route  proposed  are 
closed,  or  on  other  days  between  the  hours  of  6.30  p.  m.  and  9  a.  m.;  (Amended 
by  ord.  effective  June  12,  1917.) 

(c)  Each  such  permit  shall  designate  specifically  the  route  through  which  the 
procession,  parade  or  race  shall  move,  and  it  may  also  specify  the  width  of  the  road¬ 
way  tc/  be  used,  and  may  include  such  rules  and  regulations  as  the  commmissioner  may 
deem  necessary; 

(d)  Special  permits  for  occasions  of  extraordinary  public  interest,  not  annual  or! 
customary,  or  not  so  intended  to  be,  may  be  granted  by  the  commissioner  for  any 
street  or  public  place,  and  for  any  day  or  hour,  with  the  written  approval  of  the 
mayor ; 

(e)  The  chief  officer  df  any  procession,  parade  or  race,  for  which  a  permit  may 
be  granted  by  the  commissioner,  shall  be  responsible  for  the  strict  observance  of  all 
rules  and  regulations  included  in  said  permit. 

3.  Exemptions.  This  section  shall  not  apply : 

(a)  To  the  ordinary  and  necessary  movements  of  the  United  States  army, 
United  States  navy,  national  guard,  police  department  and  fire  department;  nor 

(b)  Td  such  portion  of  any  street  as  may  have  already  been,  or  may  hereafter 
be  duly,  set  aside  as  a  speedway,  nor 

(c)  To  processions  or  parades  which  have  marched  annually  upon  the  streets 
for  more  than  10  years,  previous  to  July  7,  1914. 

4.  Violations.  Every  person  participating  in  any  procession,  parade  or  race, 
for  which  a  permit  has  not  been  issued  when  required  by  this  sectidn,  shall,  upon  con¬ 
viction  thereof,  be  punished  by  a  fine  of  not  more  than  $25,  or  by  imprisonment  for 
not  exceeding  10  days,  or  by  both  such  fine  and  imprisonment.  (Ord.  effective  July 
7,  1914.) 

§39.  Sleighs. 

No  person  shall  drive  a  horse  before  a  sleigh  or  sled  through  any  street,  unless 
there  shall  be  a  sufficient  number  of  bells  attached  to  the  harness  or  sleigh  to  warn 
persons  of  its  approach.  (§91,  Manhattan  ords.) 

\ 

§40.  Trade  wagons. 

Trade  wagons  shall  ndt  be  allowed  to  collect  on  any  street  or  public  place,  to  the 
obstruction  of  travel  or  the  annoyance  of  persons  coming  and  going  on  the  streets, 
sidewalks  or  crosswalks,  or  any  property  owner  or  resident  in  the  vicinity.  (§6,  F. 
Rockaway  drds.) 

§41.  Reasonable  care. 

Nothing  contained  in  or  omitted  from  this  chapter  shall  be  construed,  or  held  to 
relieve  any  person  using,  traveling,  or  being  upon  any  street,  for  any  purpose  what¬ 
soever,  from  exercising  all  reasonable  care  to  avoid  or  prevent  injury  through  col¬ 
lision  with  all  other  persons  and  vehicles.  (C.  O.,  §470.) 

466 


TRAFFIC  REGULATIONS. 


§42.  Enforcement  of  chapter;  duties  of  police  department. 

The  police  department  shall  have  exclusive  control  of  the  management  of  vehicular 
traffic.  The  police  commissioner  shall  cause  suitable  abstracts  of  the  provisions  c/f 
this  chapter  to  be  posted  in  all  public  stables  and  garages,  and  at  all  hack,  cab  and 
truck  stands.  He  shall  cause  copies  thereof  to  be  kept  at  all  police  stations,  to  be 
issued  to  the  public  on  application  without  charge.  (C.  O.,  §§472,  473.) 


467 


Article  1. 

2. 

3. 


Section  1. 

2. 

3. 

4. 

5. 

6. 

7. 

8. 


CHAPTER  25. 

WATER  SUPPLY. 

Construction  and  maintenance. 

Rents  and  charges. 

Use  of  water. 

ARTICLE  1. 

Construction  and  Maintenance. 

Emergency  repairs. 

Pollution  of  or  interference  with  water  supply. 
Trespass  on  water  supply  property. 
Obstruction  of  stop-cocks. 

Hydrants  to  be  kept  closed. 

Connections. 

Public  wells. 

Violations. 


§1.  Emergency  repairs. 

In  case  Of  any  unexpected  casualty  or  damage  to  the  pipes,  reservoirs  or  other 
structures  connected  with  the  city’s  water  supply,  the  chief  engineer  of  the  depart¬ 
ment  of  water  supply,  gas  and  electricity,  under  direction  of  the  commissioner,  shall 
take  immediate  measures  for  the  preservation  and  repair  of  the  same,  the  expense 
of  which  shall  be  paid  on  his  requisition  by  the  warrant  of  the  comptroller.  (C.  O., 
§285.) 

§2.  Pollution  of  or  interference  with  water  supply. 

No  person  shall  bathe  in  dr  go  into  the  water  of  any  water  supply  reservoir, 
or  any  part  of  a  city  aqueduct ;  nor  shall  any  person  throw  stones,  chips'  or  dirt,  or 
any  other  material,  substance  or  thing  whatever  into  any  reservoir,  gate-house,  ven¬ 
tilator,  aqueduct,  fountain  or  basin;  ndr  shall  any  person  in  any  manner  injure  or 
disfigure  any  part  of  the  water  works  system  of  the  city.  (C.  O.,  §286.) 

§3.  Trespass  on  water  supply  property. 

No  person  shall  trespass  on  any  part  of  the  embankment  of  a  water  supply  reser¬ 
voir,  nor  go  or  remain  thereon  without  permission  df  the  proper  persons  having  charge 
of  the  same;  nor  shall  any  person  fail  or  refuse  to  comply  with  the  regulations  of  the 
commissioner  of  water  supply,  gas  and  electricity  as  td  the  times  when  citizens  shall 
leave  the  embankment  of  a  reservoir,  or  the  grounds  or  buildings  attached  thereto. 
(C.  O.,  §287.) 

§4.  Obstruction  to  stop=cocks. 

No  person  shall  obstruct  access  to  a  stop-cock  connected  with  a  water-pipe,  by 
placing  thereon  stone,  brick,  lumber,  dirt,  dr  any  other  materials ;  nor  shall  any  person 
permit  any  such  material  to  be  placed  thereon  by  thdse  in  his  employ.  (C.  O.,  §295.) 

§5.  Hydrants  to  be  kept  closed. 

The  commissioner  shall  cause  all  water-supply  hydrants  to  be  kept  closed.  Except 
in  case  of  fire  and  for  the  purpose  of  extinguishing  the  same,  or  when  otherwise 
authorized  by  law  or  ordinance,  no  person  shall  take  or  use  the  water  from  any 
hydrant.  (C.  O.,  §§200,  292.) 

§6.  Connections. 

No  street  shall  be  opened,  nor  shall  any  pipe  be  bored  or  connection  be  made 
with  any  main  or  pipe  for  water  supply  purposes,  except  under  the  direction  of  the 
commissioner,  under  the  penalty  of  $50  for  each  offense.  (C.  O.,  §289.) 

468 


WATER  SUPPLY. 


§7.  Public  wells. 

No  person  ishall  dig  a  well  in  any  street  or  public  place,  and  the  president  of  the 
borough  in  which  any  such  well  shall  be  dug  shall  cause  the  same  in  all  cases  to  be 
filled  up.  (C.  O.,  §198.) 


§8.  Violations. 

Any  person  who  shall  violate  any  provisions  of  this  article  shall,  upon  conviction 
thereof,  be  punished  by  a  fine  o’f  not  more  than  $50,  or  by  imprisonment  for  not  ex¬ 
ceeding  30  days,  or  by  both  such  fine  and  imprisonment.  (C.  O.,  §286.) 


ARTICLE  2. 


Section  20. 
21. 
22. 

23. 

24. 

25. 


Rents  and  Charges. 

Frontage  rents. 

Extra  and  miscellaneous  rates  where  supply  is  not  metered. 
Meter  rates. 

Supply  discontinued  on  non-payment. 

Connection  charges. 

Report  of  receipts  by  water  register. 


§20.  Frontage  rents. 

The  annual  frontage  rents  on  premises  wholly  or  partly  unmetered,  to  be  collected 
by  the  department  of  water  supply,  gas  and  electricity  shall  be  as  follows,  to  wit: 


Front  width  of  building  :  One  story. 

16  feet  and  under . . . , .  $4  00 

16  feet  to  18  feet .  5  00 

18  feet  to  20  feet .  6  00 

20  feet  to  22l/2  feet .  7  00 

22V2  feet  to  25  feet .  8  00 

25  feet  to  30  feet .  10  00 

30  feet  to  37^  feet .  12  00 

37^4  feet  to  50  feet .  14  00 


For  each  additional  story  $1  per  annum  shall  be  added;  and  for  each  additional  10 
feet  or  part  thereof,  above  50  feet  in  front  width  of  building,  $2  shall  be  added. 

All  rear  buildings -on  any  lot  or  lots,  with  front  buildings  thereon,  shall  pay  an 
annual  frontage  rate  of  $5  for  each  25  feet  front,  or  fraction  thereof,  but  this  pro¬ 
vision  shall  not  apply  to  buildings  erected  on  corner  lots,  each  of  which  buildings  shall 
pay  the  regular  rates  as  stated  in  the  foregoing  subdivisions. 

The  apportionment  of  the  regular  frontage  rates  upon  buildings  shall  be  on  the 
basis  that  but  one  family  is  to  occupy  same,  and  for  each  additional  family  or  apart¬ 
ment,  $1  per  year  shall  be  charged.  (Ord.  effective  June  10,  1913.) 

§21.  Extra  and  miscellaneous  rates  where  supply  is  not  metered. 

1.  Baths — shall  be  charged  $3  each  per  annum,  1  bath  supplied  to  each  house  free 
of  additional  charge.  (Ord.  effective  June  10,  1913.) 

2.  Baths  in  barber  shop,  public  houses  and  bathing  establishments — shall  be 
charged  $5  each  per  annum.  (Id.) 

3.  Shower  baths,  not  installed  over  bath  tubs,  and  sitz  baths,  shall  be  charged 
same  as  baths.  (Id.) 

4.  Water  closets  and  urinals  of  every  description — $2  each  per  annum ;  1  water 
closet  in  each  house  supplied  free  of  additional  charge.  (Id.) 

5.  Bakeries — Each  oven  $5  per  annum.  (Id.) 

6.  Barber  Shops — Each  up  to  and  including  3  chairs,  $5  per  annum;  for  each 
additional  chair,  $1  per  annum.  (Id.) 


469 


CHAP.  25,  ART.  2,  SEC.  21. 


7.  Barges  (without  steam)— Each  $5  per  annum,  water  for  domestic  use  only. 
(Id.) 

8.  Boilers  of  boats  or  not  permanent — The  monthly  rate  for  water  supply  for 
hoisting,  steam  rolling,  dredging,  erecting,  hauling,  pile  driving,  derricks,  diggers, 
conveyers  and  all  floating  or  portable  steam  plants  and  steamboats,  except  water 


boats  supplying  shipping,  shall  be  as  follows : 

Up  to  and  including  10  horsepower .  $1  00 

Up  to  and  including  15  horsepower .  1  50 

Up  to  and  including  20  horsepower .  2  00 

Up  to  and  including  25  horsepower .  2  50 

Up  to  and  including  30  horsepower .  3  00 

Up  to  and  including  35  horsepower .  3  50 

Up  to  and  including  40  horsepower .  4  00 

Up  to  and  including  45  horsepower .  4  50 

Up  to  and  including  50  horsepower .  5  00 

Up  to  and  including  55  horsepower .  5  50 

Up  to  and  including  60  horsepower . 6  00 

Up  to  and  including  65  horsepower .  6  50 

Up  to  and  including  70  horsepower .  7  00 

Up  to  and  including  75  horsepower .  7  50 

Up  to  and  including  80  horsepower .  8  00 

Up  to  and  including  85  horsepower .  8  50 

Up  to  and  including  90  horsepower .  9  00 

Up  to  and  including  95  horsepower .  9  50 

Up  to  and  including  100  horsepower .  10  00 


Above  100  horsepower,  at  the  rate  of  10  cents  per  horsepower  per  month,  using 
the  multiple  of  5  as  in  above  table.  An  allowance  of  33^  per  cent,  in  the  above 
rates  shall  be  made  where  condensers  are  used.  (Id.) 

9.  Boiler  testing — All  boats,  in  addition  to  paying  the  regular  fixed  charges,  shall 
pay  an  extra  charge  of  $100  per  annum  when  engaged  or  employed  in  furnishing  water 
in  the  testing  of  boilers  in  the  other  boats.  (Id.) 

10.  Bottling  establishments — Each  bottle-washing  apparatus,  machine  or  tub,  $10 
per  annum.  (Id.) 

11.  Building  Purposes — Stone  work,  terra  cotta,  concrete,  fireproofing,  brick  work, 
and  all  other  forms  of  masonry,  5  cents  per  cubic  yard.  (Id.) 

12.  Plastering — 40  cents  per  100  square  yards,  openings  not  included.  (Id.) 

13.  Caisson  sinking  and  air  compressors — 10  cents  per  100  cubic  feet.  (Id.) 

14.  Condensers — 10  cents  per  100  cubic  feet.  (Id.) 

15.  Conservatories — Same  as  florists.  (Id.) 

16.  Demolition — For  wetting  down  while  buildings  are  being  demolished,  a 
charge  shall  be  made  equal  to  %  of  the  annual  frontage  rate  of  said  building.  (Id.) 

17.  Dentist — Each  fountain  cuspidor,  $1  per  annum.  (Id.) 

18.  Dining  saloons  and  restaurants — $8  per  annum.  (Id.) 

19.  Fish  stands — Each,  $10  per  annum.  If  live  fish  are  sold,  other  than  shell  fish, 
$25  per  annum.  (Id.) 

20.  Florists — Each,  $5  per  annum.  (Id.) 

21.  Horse  troughs — For  each  trough  and  for  each  barrel  or  tub  on  sidewalk 
or  street,  $20  per  annum.  (Id.) 

22.  Laundries — Each  wash  tub,  washing  machine  or  apparatus  for  washing 
clothes,  $5  per  annum.  (Id.) 

23.  Liquor  and  lager  beer  saloons — For  each  bar,  $10  per  annum,  and  an  addi¬ 
tional  charge  of  $5  for  each  wash  box.  For  each  beer  pump  using  water  in  its  opera¬ 
tion,  $50  per  annum.  (Id.) 


470 


WATER  SUPPLY . 


24.  Milk  depots — For  the  purpose  of  washing  cans  or  bottles,  each  washing 
machine,  tub  or  washing  apparatus,  $10  per  annum.  (Id.) 

25.  Photograph  galleries — Each  faucet  or  outlet,  $5  per  annum.  (Id.) 

26.  Soda  or  mineral  water  fountains — Each,  $5  per  annum.  One  washbox  al¬ 
lowed.  For  each  additional  washbox,  $3  per  annum.  (Id.) 

27.  Soda,  mineral  or  carbonic  water  manufacturer — For  each  machine  or  ap¬ 
paratus  (retail),  $10  per  annum;  for  each  machine  or  apparatus  (wholesale),  $100 
per  annum.  (Id.) 

28.  Stalls — In  stables,  $1  each  per  annum.  (Id.) 

29.  Water  boats  (steam) — Monthly  charges,  according  to  tank  capacity  of  each 


boat,  shall  be  as  follows : 

12,000  gallons  or  less .  25  00 

12,000  to  20,000  gallons .  37  50 

20,000  to  30,000  gallons .  50  00 

30,000  to  40,000  gallons .  62  50 

40,000  to  60,000  gallons .  75  00 

60,000  to  100,000  gallons . i . . .  100  00 

(Id.) 

30.  Water  boats  (motor) — Shall  be  charged  monthly,  according  to  tank  capacity 
of  each  boat,  as  follows: 

3,000  gallons  or  less .  $7  50 

Over  3,000  gallons,  but  not  exceeding  6,000  gallons .  15  00 

Over  6,000  gallons,  but  not  exceeding  12,000  gallons .  25  00 


Over  12,000  gallons,  the  rate  for  steam  water  boats  shall  be  charged. 

(Id.) 

31.  Wash  drills  (all  kinds) — 10  cents  per  100  cubic  feet. 

32.  Unspecified — All  charges  not  herein  mentioned  or  fixed  are  reserved  for 
special  contract,  by  and  with  the  commissioner.  (Id.) 

§22.  Meter  rates. 

The  charge  for  water  measured  by  meter  shall  be  10  cents  per  100  cubic  feet. 
(Ord.  effective  June  10,  1913.) 

§23.  Supply  discontinued  on  nonpayment. 

The  supply  of  water  shall  be  cut  off  in  all  cases  where  the  rent  therefor  is  behind 
and  unpaid  10  days.  (C.  O.,  §284.) 

§24.  Connection  charges. 

All  persons  contracting  for  a  supply  of  water  shall  pay  the  cost  of  the  materials 
and  labor  used  and  expended  on  the  streets,  necessary  to  make  the  connection  with  the 
conduit  pipes,  or  pay  such  annual  interest  thereon  as  required  by  the  rules  and  regu¬ 
lation  of  the  commissioner.  (C.  O.,  §289.) 

§25.  Report  of  receipts  by  water  register. 

The  water  register,  or  the  cashier  of  the  water  register’s  office,  shall  on  each 
day,  except  Sunday  of  each  week,  render  to  the  comptroller  an  account,  under  oath, 
of  all  moneys  received  by  him,  showing  the  amounts  received,  from  all  classes  of  rev¬ 
enue,  and  shall,  thereupon,  pay  over  the  amounts'  so  received  to  the  chamberlain, 
furnishing  to  the  comptroller  a  receipt  showing  the  payment  of  such  sums  into  the 
city  treasury.  He  shall  also,  if  required  by  the  comptroller,  make  a  separate  daily 
report  showing  all  the  items  comprising  the  amounts  received  by  him,  in  form  satis¬ 
factory  to  the  comptroller.  (C.  O.,  §281;  amended  by  ord.  effective  Jan.  26,  1915.') 


471 


CHAP.  25,  ART.  3,  SECS.  40-44. 


ARTICLE  3. 


Section  40. 

41. 

42. 

43. 

44. 


Use  of  Water. 

Street  cleaning. 

Traffic  in  water. 

Washing  down  streets  from  private  connection. 
Washing  vehicles. 

Watering  horses. 


§40.  Street  cleaning. 

The  commissioner  of  water  supply,  gas  and  electricity  shall,  at  all  times  when 
the  general  supply  of  water  is  not  thereby  endangered,  permit  the  hydrants  to  be 
used  for  cleaning  the  streets,  under  his  regulation.  (C.  O.,  §293.) 

§41.  Traffic  in  water. 

No  person,  except  such  as  may  be  licensed  by  the  commissioner,  shall  take  water 
from  any  hydrant  or  water  connection  erected,  or  to  be  erected  in  the  city,  and 
attached  to  the  water  pipes,  for  the  purpose  of  using  the  same  on  any  boat,  vessel, 
barge  or  pile-driver,  or  for  the  purpose  of  selling  or  offering  the  same  for  sale  to  the 
owner  of  any  boat,  vessel,  barge,  or  pile  driver.  (C.  O.,  §290.) 

§42.  Washing  down  streets  from  private  connection. 

No  person  shall  wash  any  street,  sidewalk,  areaway,  steps,  building  or  other 
place  or  thing,  from  the  1st  day  of  December  to  the  1st  day  of  April  following,  by 
means,  of  hose  or  piping,  where  the  water  runs  upon  a  street,  sidewalk,  or  other  public 
place.  Water  may  be  so  used  from  the  1st  day  of  April  to  the  last  day  of  November 
of  each  year,  between  the  hours  of  4  p.  m.  and  8  a.  m.,  but  city  water  shall  not  be  so 
used  until  permit  therefor  shall  first  have  been  obtained  from  the  department  of 
water  supply,  gas  and  electricity.  No  charge  shall  be  made  for  such  permit,  when  the 
water  used  is  paid  for  a6cording  to  meter  registration ;  where  no  meter  is  used,  there 
shall  be  a  charge  of  $5  for  using  city  water  during  the  period  covered  by  the  permit. 
(C.  O.,  §294;  amended  by  ord.  effective  Apr.  14,  1914.) 

§43.  Washing  vehicles. 

No  person  shall  wash  or  cause  to  be  washed  any  carriage,  wagon  or  other  vehicle 
on  any  street  or  public  place.  (C.  O.,  §205.) 

§44.  Watering  horses. 

1.  Bucket-filling  equipment.  All  publicly  owned  watering  troughs,  and  those 
erected  or  maintained  by  the  American  Society  for  the  Prevention  of  Cruelty  to 
Animals,  shall  be  provided  with  the  necessary  piping  and  fixtures  to  enable  the  filling 
of  pails  with  water  therefrom,  or  otherwise  modified  in  construction  so  as  to  meet  the 
requirements  of  the  board  of  health.  The  supply  of  water  for  such  troughs  shall 
be  furnished  by  the  department  of  water  supply,  gas  and  electricity.  All  other  horse¬ 
watering  troughs  on  streets  and  public  places  shall  likewise  be  provided  with  the  piping 
and  fixtures  necessary  to  enable  the  filling  of  pails  with  water,  and  the  use  of  the 
water  for  that  purpose  shall  be  paid  for  in  the  manner  provided  in  this  chapter.  All 
horse-watering  stations  in  streets  and  public  places,  hereafter  constructed  or  operated, 
shall  conform  to  the  provisions  of  this  section  and  be  subject  thereto.  No  person  shall 
draw  water  from  these  fixtures  for  a  purpose  other  than  watering  horses  or  other  ani¬ 
mals,  not  shall  any  person  tamper  with  the  said  fixtures.  (Ord.  effective  July  7,  1914.) 

2.  Horse-buckets.  Every  commercial  vehicle  to  which  a  horse  is  attached  must 
be  provided,  while  on  the  public  thoroughfares  of  the  city,  with  a  watering  pail,  which 

472 


WATER  SUPPLY. 


shall  be  used  only  for  the  purpose  of  watering  or  feeding  the  horse  or  horses  attached 
to  the  vehicle.  (Id.) 

3.  Temporary  relief  stations.  Nothing  in  this  section  shall  prevent  the  estab¬ 
lishment  of  temporary  relief  stations,  in  conformity  with  such  requirements  as  may 
be  imposed  by  the  board  of  health,  with  the  consent  of  the  commissioner  of  water 
supply,  gas  and  electricity.  (Id.) 


473 


CHAPTER  26. 

WEIGHTS  AND  MEASURES. 

Article  1.  Bureau  of  weights  and  measures. 

2.  Regulation  of  weights  and  measures. 

3.  Standards  for  various  commodities. 


ARTICLE  1. 

Bureau  of  Weights  and  Measures. 

Section  1.  Organization. 

2.  Trading  restriction. 

3.  Jurisdiction. 

4.  Duties  of  inspectors. 

§1.  Organization. 

There  shall  be  a  mayor’s  bureau  of  weights  and  measures  in  charge  of  a  commis¬ 
sioner  of  weights  and  measures,  to  be  appointed  by  the  mayor  and  removable  by  him 
at  pleasure.  The  salary  of  the  commissioner  shall  be  $5,000  per  annum.  Inspectors  of 
weights  and  measures  shall  be  appointed  by  the  commissioner,  and  all  complaints 
against  inspectors  shall  be  lodged  with  the  commissioner,  to  be  by  him  reported,  with 
his  recommendation  thereon,  to  the  mayor  for  his  action.  (C‘.  O.,  §§380,  402.) 

§2.  Trading  restriction. 

The  commissioner  shall  not,  nor  shall  any  inspector  or  other  employee  of  the 
bureau,  engage  in  the  business  of  manufacturing,  vending  or  selling  any  weight, 
measure,  scale,  balance,  steelyard  or  other  instrument  for  weighing  or  measuring, 
under  the  penalty  of  $50  for  each  such  offence.  (C.  O.,  §400.) 

§3.  Jurisdiction. 

Each  inspector  of  weights  and  measures  is  hereby  authorized  to  inspect,  examine, 
test  and  seal,  at  least  once  in  each  year,  and  as  often  as  the  commissioner  may  deem 
proper,  all  weights,  measures,  scale  beams,  patent  balances,  steelyards  and  other  instru¬ 
ments  used  in  weighing  and  measuring.  Upon  the  written  request  of  any  resident  of 
the  city,  the  commissioner  shall  test  or  cause  to  be  tested,  within  a  reasonable  time 
after  the  receipt  of  such  request,  the  weights,  measures,  scale  beams,  patent  balances, 
steelyards  or  other  instruments  used  in  buying  or  selling  by  the  person  making  such 
request.  All  such  appliances  shall  be  made  to  conform  to  the  standard  of  the  state, 
and  shall  be  marked  by  the  inspector  with  the  initials  of  his  name  and  the  date  on 
which  the  same  shall  be  sealed  and  marked.  (C.  O.,  §§385,  392.) 

§4.  Duties  of  inspectors. 

1.  Reports.  Each  inspector  of  weights  and  measures  shall  report  promptly  to 
the  commissioner  the  names  of  all  persons  whose  weights,  measures  or  other  instru¬ 
ments  for  weighing  and  measuring  shall  be  found  to  be  incorrect.  Each  inspector 
shall  file  a  daily  report  with  the  commissioner,  and  make  such  other  and  further 
reports  and  keep  such  further  records  as  may  be  required,  from  time  to  time,  by  the 
commissioner.  (C.  O.,  §§397,  398.) 

2.  Return  of  testing  instruments.  Whenever  any  inspector  shall  resign  or  be 
removed  from  office,  he  shall  deliver  at  the  office  of  the  commissioner  all  the  standard 
weights  and  measures  and  other  official  property  in  his  possession.  (C.  O.,  §403.) 


474 


WEIGHTS  AND  MEASURES. 


Section  10. 
11. 
12. 

13. 

14. 

15. 

16. 

17. 

18. 

19. 

20. 
21. 
22. 


ARTICLE  2. 

Regulation  of  Weights  and  Measures. 

Testing,  sealing  and  marking. 

Measures  and  containers. 

Sale  of  weights  and  measures. 

Sale  by  true  weight  or  measure  required;  weights  and  measures  to 
be  tested. 

Confiscation  of  false  weights  and  measures. 

Alteration  of  tested  appliances. 

Defrauding  by  false  weights  or  measures. 

Use  of  inaccurate  weights  or  measures. 

Repair  of  inaccurate  appliances. 

Right  of  inspection. 

Certificate  of  inspection. 

Interference  with  inspectors. 

Violations. 


§10.  Testing,  sealing  and  marking. 

All  persons  using  weights  and  measures,  scale  beams,  patent  balances,  steelyards, 
or  any  other  instrument  used  in  weighing  or  measuring  any  article  intended  to  be 
purchased  or  sold,  shall  cause  the  same  to  be  tested,  sealed  and  marked  by  the  com¬ 
missioner  or  an  inspector  of  the  bureau,  unless  the  same  have  been  already  so  tested, 
sealed  and  marked  by  the  inspector  as  hereinafter  provided.  No  person  shall  use  any 
weight,  measure,  scale  beam,  patent  balance,  steelyard,  or  any  other  instrument  in 
weighing  or  measuring  any  commodity  or  article  of  merchandise  intended  for  purchase 
or  sale,  unless  the  same  shall  have  been  so  tested,  sealed  and  marked.  Each  inspector 
shall  make  a  record  and  certificate,  as  hereinafter  provided,  of  all  the  weights, 
measures,  scale  beams,  patent  balances,  steelyards  and  other  instruments  used  for 
weighing  and  measuring  inspected  by  him,  in  which  he  shall  state  the  names  of  the 
owners  oi  the  same,  and  whether  they  conform  to  the  standards  of  the  state.  (C.  O., 
§§383,  384,  396.) 

§11.  Measures  and  containers. 

No  person  shall  manufacture,  construct,  sell,  offer  for  sale  or  give  away,  any  dry 
measure  or  liquid  measure,  nor  any  barrel,  pail,  basket,  vessel,  container,  intended  to 
be  used  in  the  purchase  or  sale  of  any  commodity  or  article  of  merchandise,  which  shall 
not  be  so  constructed  as  to  conform  to  the  standards  provided  by  statute ;  nor  shall  any 
person  use  any  barrel,  cask,  pail,  basket,  vessel  or  container,  in  the  purchase  or  sale 
of  any  commodity  or  article  of  merchandise,  which  does  not  conform  to  the  standards 
provided  by  law.  (C.  O.,  §395a.) 

§12.  Sale  of  weights  and  measures. 

No  person  shall  sell,  offer  for  sale,  or  give  away  any  weights,  scales,  beams, 
measures  of  any  kind,  or  the  tools,  appliances  or  accessories  connected  with  any  and 
all  instruments  or  mechanical  devices  for  weighing  or  measuring,  intended  to  be  used 
for  the  purchase  or  sale  of  any  commodity  or  article  of  merchandise,  or  for  public 
weighing,  until  a  type  or  types  of  the  said  weights,  scales,  beams,  measures  of  every 
kind,  or  the  tools,  appliances  or  accessories  connected  with  any  and  all  instruments  or 
mechanical  devices  for  measurement  or  public  weighing,  with  specifications  as  to  con¬ 
struction,  shall  have  been  submitted  to  and  approved  by  the  commissioner  of  weights 
and  measures.  The  commissioner  shall,  when  said  types  are  approved,  designate  a 
serial  number,  which  serial  number  shall  be  used  in  identifying  the  type  approved.  A 
record  of  the  serial  numbers  and  to  whom  furnished  shall  be  kept  in  the  office  of  the 

475 


CHAP.  26,  ART.  2,  SECS.  12-17. 


commissioner.  No  person  shall  sell,  offer  for  sale,  or  give  away  any  weight,  scale, 
beam  or  measure  of  any  kind,  or  the  tools,  appliances  or  accessories  connected  with 
any  instrument  or  mechanical  device  for  weighing  or  measuring,  intended  to  be  used 
for  the  purchase  or  sale  of  any  commodity  or  article  of  merchandise  or  for  public 
weighing,  that  does  not  comply  with  the  specifications  and  type  submitted  and  approved 
by  the  commissioner,  as  provided  in  this  section.  The  commissioner  shall  keep  a 
register  of  the  name  of  each  person  whose  weights,  measures,  scale  beams,  patent 
balances,  steelyards  or  other  instruments  have  been  inspected,  together  with  the  number 
and  size  of  same,  and  what  of  each  was  approved  and  what  condemned,  with  the  date 
of  inspection,  and  such  record  shall  be  open  to  the  inspection  of  the  public  at  all 
reasonable  times.  (C.  O.  §§384a,  387;  amended  by  ord.  effective  May  2,  1911.) 

§13.  Sale  by  true  weight  or  measure  required;  weights  and  measures  to  be 
tested. 

No  person  shall  sell  or  offer  for  sale  any  commodity  or  article  of  merchandise,  in 
any  market  or  in  any  public  street  or  other  place,  at  or  for  a  greater  weight  or  measure 
than  the  true  measure  or  weight  thereof ;  and  all  ice,  coal,  coke,  meats,  poultry,  butter 
and  butter  in  prints,  provisions,  and  all  other  commodities  and  articles  of  merchandise 
(except  vegetables  sold  by  the  head  or  bunch)  sold  in  the  streets,  or  elsewhere,  shall 
be  weighed  or  measured  by  scales,  measures  or  balances,  or  in  measures  duly  tested, 
sealed  and  marked  by  the  commissioner  or  an  inspector  of  the  bureau ;  provided,  that 
poultry  may  be  offered  for  sale  and  sold  in  other  manner  than  by  weight,  but  in  all 
cases  where  the  persons  intending  to  purchase,  or  an  inspector  of  the  bureau  shall 
so  desire  and  request  poultry  shall  be  weighed,  as  hereinbefore  provided.  (C.  O., 
§388;  amended  by  ord.  effective  July  7,  1916.) 

§14.  Confiscation  of  false  weights  or  measures. 

Any  weight  which,  upon  being  tested,  is  found  to  be  short  a  quarter  of  an  ounce 
or  more ;  or  any  scale  of  240  pounds  capacity,  or  less,  which  upon  being  tested  is  found 
to  be  short  in  weight  by  a  quarter  of  a  pound  or  more;  or  any  scale  of  a  capacity  of 
between  240  and  400  pounds,  which  upon  being  tested  is  found  to  be  short  2  pounds 
or  more;  or  any  scale  of  a  capacity  greated  than  400  pounds,  which,  upon  being  tested, 
is  found  to  be  short  5  pounds  or  more;  or  any  scale  which  is  in  an  unfit  condition  to  be 
used  by  being  worn  out,  badly  rusted,  or  by  any  other  cause;  or  any  measure  or 
utensil,  being  used  in  the  sale  or  purchase  of  any  commodity  or  article  of  merchan¬ 
dise,  which  does  not  conform  to  the  standards  provided  by  statute,  may  be  summarily 
confiscated  and  destroyed  by  the  commissioner  or  an  inspector  of  the  bureau.  (C.  O., 
§389.) 

§15.  Alteration  of  tested  appliances. 

No  person  shall  alter  or  change,  in  any  manner,  any  weight,  measure,  scale  beam, 

patent  balance,  steelyard  or  other  instrument,  to  be  used  in  weighing  or  measuring 

any  commodity  or  article  of  merchandise,  after  the  same  has  been  tested,  sealed  and 

marked  by  the  commissioner  or  an  inspector  of  the  bureau,  so  that  the  same  shall 

weigh  or  measure  inaccurately.  (C.  O.  §384b.) 

§16.  Defrauding  by  false  weights  or  measures. 

No  person  shall  injure  or  defraud  another  by  using  a  false  weight,  measure  or 
other  apparatus,  in  weighing  or  measuring  of  any  commodity  or  article  of  merchandise, 
nor  by  delivering  less  than  the  quantity  he  purports  to  deliver.  (C.  O.  §388a.) 

§17.  Use  of  inaccurate  weights  or  measures. 

No  person  shall  use,  in  weighing  or  measuring,  any  weight,  measure,  scale  beam, 
patent  balance,  steelyard  or  other  instrument,  which  shall  not  conform  to  the  lawful 
standard  therefor,  nor  shall  any  person  use  in  weighing  any  scale  beam,  patent  bal- 

476 


WEIGHTS  AND  MEASURES. 


ance,  steelyard  or  other  instrument  which  shall  be  out  of  order  or  incorrect,  or  which 
shall  not  balance.  (C.  O.,  §386.) 

§18.  Repair  of  inaccurate  appliances. 

All  weights,  measures,  scale  beams,  patent  balances,  steelyards  and  other  instru¬ 
ments,  used  for  weighing  or  measuring,  may  be  inspected  and  sealed  at  the  stores  and 
places  where  the  same  may  be  used;  and,  in  case  they  or  any  of  them  shall  be  found 
not  to  conform  to  the  standard  of  this  state,  the  inspector  of  weights  and  measures 
shall  condemn  the  same  and  shall  seal  thereto  a  notice  that  such  scale  or  measure  does 
not  conform  to  the  lawful  standard.  Thereupon,  the  owner  thereof  shall,  within  5 
days  and  at  his  own  expense,  cause  the  same  to  be  so  altered  and  repaired  as  to  con¬ 
form  it  to  the  said  standard,  and  shall  cause  notice  to  be  mailed  or  served  personally 
within  24  hours  after  such  alteration  and  repair,  upon  the  bureau,  in  writing,  that 
such  scale  or  measure  has  been  so  altered  and  repaired,  but  shall  not  break  or  remove 
the  seal  or  notice.  No  person,  other  than  an  inspector  of  weights  and  measures,  shall 
remove  or  cause  to  be  removed  the  said  notice.  (C.  O.,  §395;  amended  by  ord. 
approved  Aug.  8,  1916.) 

§19.  Right  of  inspection. 

No  person  shall  refuse  to  exhibit  any  weight,  measure,  scale  beam,  patent  balance, 
steelyard  or  other  instrument  to  any  inspector  of  the  bureau,  for  the  purpose  of 
inspection  or  examination.  (C.  O.,  §393.) 


§20.  Certificate  of  inspection. 

Each  inspector  shall  give  a  certificate  to  the  owner  of  the  weights  or  measures 
inspected,  and  shall  keep  a  record  of  each  certificate  given  on  a  corresponding  stub. 
The  certificates  and  corresponding  stubs  shall  be  numbered  consecutively.  The  books 
containing  the  stubs,  after  the  corresponding  certificates  have  been  given  out,  shall 
become  a  public  record.  The  commissioner  shall,  when  required,  certify  extracts  from 
such  records.  (C.  O.,  §401.) 

§21.  Interference  with  inspectors. 

No  person  shall,  in  any  way  or  manner,  obstruct,  hinder  or  molest  the  commis¬ 
sioner  or  any  inspector  of  the  bureau  in  the  performance  of  his  duties,  as  herein  im¬ 
posed  upon  him.  (C.  O.,  §394.) 


§22.  Violations. 

1.  Report  of.  The  commissioner  shall  report  forthwith  to  the  corporation  counsel 
the  names  and  places  of  business  of  all  persons  violating  any  of  the  provisions  of  this 
chapter,  and  of  all  persons  making  use  of  any  fraudulent  or  unsealed  weights,  measures, 
scales  or  other  instruments  for  weighing  or  measuring.  (C.  O.,  §399.) 

2.  Punishment.  Any  person  who  shall  violate  any  provision  of  this  article  shall 
forfeit  and  pay  a  penalty  of  $100  for  each  and  every  such  offense.  (C.  O.,  §388.) 


ARTICLE  3. 


Section  30. 

31. 

32. 

33. 

34. 

35. 


Standards  for  Various  Commodities. 

Bread. 

Coal. 

Firewood. 

Ice. 

Poultry. 

Violations. 


§30.  Bread. 

All  bread  baked  and  offered  or  exposed  for  sale  shall  be  made  of  good  and  whole¬ 
some  flour  or  meal,  and  sold  by  avoirdupois  weight.  All  loaf-bread,  offered  for  sale,. 


477 


CHAP.  26,  ART.  3,  SEC.  31. 


not  in  conformity  with  the  provisions  of  this  article  shall  be  forfeited,  and  may  be 
seized  and  disposed  of  for  the  use  of  the  city.  (§§15-17,  Manhattan  ords.) 

§31.  Coal. 

1.  To  be  sold  by  weight.  Coal  shall  be  sold  by  avoirdupois  weight,  as  herein¬ 
after  provided.  A  person,  firm  or  corporation  shall  not  attempt  to  sell  or  deliver 
less  than  two  thousand  pounds  by  weight  to  the  ton  of  coal  or  a  proper  proportion 
thereof  in  quantities  less  than  a  ton  and  shall  be  liable  to  a  penalty  of  not  exceeding 
$50,  provided  that  in  all  cases  thirty  pounds  to  a  ton  shall  be  allowed  for  the 
variation  in  scales  and  wastage. 

2.  Scales,  designation  of.  There  shall  be  designated  by  the  commissioner  sta¬ 
tionary  scales,  suitable  for  the  purpose  of  weighing  coal,  the  owners  of  which  may 
tender  the  same  for  public  use  in  different  parts  of  the  city  in  such  number  and 
locality  as  shall  be  deemed  necessary,  on  which  the  coal,  or  the  vehicle,  with  or 
without  coal,  may  be  weighed.  The  scales  so  designated  shall  be  provided  at  the 
expense  of  the  owners  thereof,  with  test  weights,  and  shall  be  subject  at  all  times 
to  the  inspection  and  supervision  of  the  commissioner  or  an  inspector  of  weights 
and  measures,  who  shall  inspect  such  scales  at  least  once  in  each  month.  Such 
scales  shall  also  be  provided  by  the  owner  thereof  with  a  competent  weighmaster. 
The  owner  of  such  scales  shall  be  entitled  to  charge  for  weighing  coal,  and  vehicles 
containing  coal  at  such  scales,  a  fee  of  not  exceeding  fifteen  cents  per  ton;  empty 
vehicles  returning  to  such  scale  and  after  delivery  of  coal  contained  therein  shall 
be  reweighed  without  further  charge. 

3.  Owner  of  scales  to  give  bond.  The  owner  of  such  scales  so  designated  shall 
enter  into  a  bond  with  the  city  in  which  such  scales  are  situated  in  the  sum  of  five 
hundred  dollars,  with  two  sufficient  sureties,  conditioned  that  such  scales  shall  be 
kept  in  such  condition  as  at  all  times  to  properly  register  the  weight  of  coal  and 
that  the  person  weighing  coal  thereat  shall  perform  his  duties  faithfully,  and  fur¬ 
nish  like  certificates  to  all  persons  having  coal  or  coal  vehicles  weighing  at  such 
scales.  The  amount  of  such  bond  shall  be  recoverable  at  the  suit  of  the  city  on 
proof  that  any  conditions  thereof  have  not  been  complied  with. 

4.  Delivery  tickets.  It  shall  be  unlawful  for  any  person,  firm  or  corporation 
delivering  coal  to  deliver  or  cause  to  be  delivered  any  quantity  or  quantities  of 
coal  which  shall  have  been  sold  by  weight  without  each  such  delivery  being  accom¬ 
panied  by  a  delivery  ticket  and  a  duplicate  thereof,  on  each  of  which  shall  be  in 
ink,  or  other  indelible  substance,  distinctly  expressed  in  pounds,  the  quantity  or 
quantities  of  coal  contained  in  a  car,  wagon  or  other  vehicle  used  in  such  delivery, 
with  the  name  of  the  purchaser  thereof  and  the  name  of  the  dealer  from  whom 
purchased.  One  of  such  tickets  shall  be  delivered  to  the  purchaser  of  the  coal 
specified  thereon  and  the  other  of  such  tickets  shall  be  retained  by  the  seller  of  the 
coal.  Any  person,  firm  or  corporation  who  shall  violate  provisions  of  this  section 
shall  be  liable  to  a  penalty  of  not  exceeding  fifty  dollars. 

5.  Proviso  as  to  delivery  of  entire  cargo.  The  preceding  section  shall  not 
apply  to  coal  delivered  by  the  entire  cargo  direct  from  the  vessel  containing  the 
same  to  one  destination  and  accepted  by  the  purchaser  on  the  original  bill  of  lading 
as  proof  of  weight;  but  with  every  such  delivery  of  an  entire  cargo  of  coal  in  the 
city  there  shall  be  delivered  to  the  purchaser  thereof  one  of  the  original  bills  of 
lading,  issued  by  the  person,  firm  or  corporation  by  whom  the  coal  was  loaded  into 
the  vessel  from  which  such  coal  is  delivered  to  the  purchaser  of  the  entire  cargo 
thereof,  on  each  of  which  bills  of  lading  there  shall  be  in  ink  or  other  indelible  sub¬ 
stance,  distinctly  expressed,  the  date  and  place  of  loading  such  cargo  and  the  num¬ 
ber  of  pounds  contained  thereon.  Any  person,  firm  or  corporation  who  shall  violate 
the  provisions  of  this  section  shall  be  liable  to  a  penalty  of  not  exceeding  fifty 
dollars. 


478 


WEIGHTS  AND  MEASURES. 


6.  Right  of  purchaser  to  have  coal  reweighed.  It  shall  be  the  right  of  every 
purchaser  of  coal  before  accepting  delivery  of  same  to  have  any  of  the  delivery 
of  such  coal  weighed  at  his  expense  at  any  of  the  scales  designated  under  the  pro¬ 
visions  of  the  preceding  sections,  provided  such  scales  are  within  one-half  mile 
of  the  place  of  loading  or  the  place  of  delivery  of  the  coal,  and  for  this  purpose  to 
require  that  any  vehicle  containing  coal  purchased  by  him  shall  be  taken  by  the 
driver  or  other  person  in  charge  thereof  to  such  scales  for  the  purpose  of  having 
the  same  weighed,  and  after  the  delivery  of  the  coal,  to  require  that  the  vehicle 
from  which  such  coal  so  purchased  shall  have  been  delivered  shall  be  taken  by  the 
driver  thereof,  or  any  other  person  in  charge  thereof,  td  such  scales  to  be  weighed 
at  the  expense  of  the  purchaser  thereof,  and  a  certificate  of  the  weight  of  such  coal 
so  weighed  as  aforesaid  shall  thereupon  be  furnished  to  the  purchaser  of  such  coal 
by  the  owners  of  scales  by  which  such  coal  is  so  weighed. 

7.  Penalty  for  refusal  to  permit  coal  to  be  reweighed.  The  refusal  of  any  person, 
firm  or  corporation  to  permit  coal  purchased  from  him  to  be  reweighed  at  the  request 
of  the  purchaser  thereof,  as  aforesaid,  or  an  inspector  of  weights  and  measures,  or 
any  driver  or  other  person  in  charge  of  a  vehicle  containing  coal  from  which  coal 
has  been  delivered,  to  take  the  same  at  the  request  of  the  purchaser  or  an  inspector 
of  weights  and  measures  to  such  scales  for  the  purpose  of  having  the  same  weighed, 
provided,  however,  that  the  purchaser  of  such  coal  shall  have  first  paid  the  owners 
of  the  scales  or  the  seller  of  such  coal,  or  the  driver  or  other  person  in  charge  of 
the  vehicle  containing  such  coal  an  amount  sufficient  to  meet  the  charges  for  weigh¬ 
ing  such  coal  shall  render  the  person,  firm  or  corporation  selling  the  coal  liable  to 
a  penalty  not  to  exceed  one  hundred  dollars. 

8.  Penalty  for  fraudulent  "Weighing .  Any  owner  of  such  scales  or  any  agent 
or  representative  of  his,  or  any  weighmaster  employed  by  him  thereat  who  shall 
be  concerned  in  any  manner  in  any  fraudulent  weighing  of  coal  at  such  scales,  or 
false  entry  of  such  weighings,  shall  forfeit  and  pay  for  every  such  offense  the  sum 
of  one  hundred  dollars. 

9.  Owner  of  scales  to  keep  memorandum  book.  Every  owner  of  such  scale 
shall  keep  a  book  in  which  shall  be  entered  in  ink  a  memorandum  of  every  load  of 
coal  weighed  at  such  scales  showing  the  name  of  the  person,  firm  or  corporation 
delivering  such  coal,  the  net  weight  thereof,  as  shown  by  the  deliverey  ticket  thereof, 
of  such  person,  firm  or  corporation,  the  name  of  the  purchaser  thereof,  the  gross 
and  net  weight  of  the  coal  so  weighed  and  the  date  of  weighing.  Such  book  shall 
be  the  book  of  original  entries  and  all  certificates  delivered  by  the  owner  of  such 
scales  shall  be  copies  of  the  entries  contained  therein,  and  such  book  shall  at  all 
reasonable  hours  be  open  to  the  inspection  of  any  citizen.  Such  book  shall  be  fur¬ 
nished  by  the  commissioner  and  when  such  book  of  entries  is  completed  such  book 
shall  be  delivered  to  the  commissioner  and  filed  as  a  public  record. 

10.  Bills  of  lading;  penalty  for  altering.  A  person  guilty  of  altering,  with 
intent  to  defraud,  any  original  bill  of  lading  issued  by  the  person,  firm  or  corpo¬ 
ration  by  whom  the  coal  was  loaded  into  the  vessel  in  which  such  coal  is  trans¬ 
ported  or  of  uttering  any  such  bill  of  lading  so  altered,  or  who  is  guilty  of  making, 
preparing  or  subscribing  or  uttering  false  or  fraudulent  manifest,  invoice,  or  bill 
of  lading  thereof,  or  removing  any  part  of  such  cargo  of  coal  without  having  the 
amount  thereof  certified  to  in  writing  on  such  original  bill  of  lading,  by  the  person, 
firm  or  corporation  receiving  the  coal  so  removed,  and  by  the  captain  of  the  vessel 
containing  such  cargo,  shall  forfeit  and  pay  for  every  such  offense  the  sum  of  one 
hundred  dollars. 

11.  Markings  of  bags  and  baskets.  All  coal  sold  or  offered  for  sale  in  baskets, 
bags  or  other  receptacles  used  for  the  delivery  of  such  coal  must  have  the  weight 

479 


CHAP.  26 ,  ART.  2 ,  SECS’.  32-35. 


of  the  contents  plainly  marked  on  the  outside  thereof  in  solid  roman  capital  letters 
at  least  one  inch  in  height.  Any  perspn,  firm  or  corporation  delivering  coal  as 
aforesaid  in  violation  of  this  section  shall  forfeit  and  pay  for  every  such  offense 
the  sum  of  fifty  dollars.  (Ord.  approved  Dec.  26,  1917.) 

§32.  Firewood. 

1.  ‘  Measuring.  No  firewood  shall  be  sold  otherwise  than  according  to  the  follow¬ 
ing  regulations,  that  is  to  say:  The  stanchions  of  each  cart  or  sled  which  shall  be 
employed  in  the  carrying  the  same  shall  be  5  feet  4  inches  high  from  the  floor  of  the 
cart  or  sled,  and  no  higher;  and  the  breadth  of  such  cart  or  sled,  between  the  2 
foremost  stanchions,  shall  be  2  feet  5  inches,  and  between  the  2  hindmost  stanchions 
2  feet  9  inches,  and  no  more ;  in  which  space  between  the  2  stanchions,  every,  cartman 
who  shall  cart  any  wood  shall  stow  as  much  wood  and  as  close  together  as  can  con¬ 
veniently  be  put,  or  as  much  of  it  as  will  amount  to  37  feet  10  2/3  inches,  cubic 
measure,  which  shall  constitute  and  be  deemed  a  load,  and  shall  and  may  be  bought 
and  sold  accordingly.  (§22,  Manhattan  ords.) 

2.  Crooked  wood.  No  crooked  wood  shall  be  stowed  with  other  wood  in  any 

cart  or  sled  constructed  in  manner  aforesaid,  but  the  same  may  be  sold  or  disposed 
of  as  refuse  wood,  not  subject  to  the  above  regulations;  and  if  any  cartman  who 
shall  cart  firewood  shall  put,  or  suffer  to  be  put,  in  his  cart  such  crooked  wood 
as  will  prevent  his  cart  from  containing  a  full  load  between  the  stanchions  thereof, 
he  shall,  for  every  load  so  carted,  forfeit  the  sum  of  $1.  (§24,  Manhattan  ords.) 

3.  Carting.  No  cartman  shall  cart  any  firewood  for  sale  except  in  carts  made 
and  constructed  as  by  law  directed,  and  loaded  as  above  mentioned.  (§23,  Man¬ 
hattan  ords.) 

§33.  Ice. 

No  person  shall  sell  or  offer  for  sale  ice  in  any  manner  other  than  by  weight, 
and  the  same  shall  be  weighed  immediately  before  delivery.  (C.  O.,  §388b.) 

§34.  Poultry. 

No  turkeys  or  chickens  shall  be  offered  for  sale  unless  their  crops  are  free  from 
food  or  other  substance,  and  shrunken  close  to  their  bodies.  All  fowls  exposed  for 
sale  in  violation  of  this  ordinance  shall  be  seized  and  condemned.  Such  of  them  as 
shall  be  tainted  shall  be  destroyed,  and  those  which  are  fit  for  food  shall  be  used  in 
the  public  institutions  of  the  city.  (§20,  Manhattan  ords.) 

§35.  Violations. 

Any  person  who  shall  violate  any  provision  of  this  article  shall  forfeit  and  pay  a 
penalty  of  $50,  for  each  and  every  such  offense.  (C.  O.,  §391.) 


480 


CHAPTER  27. 

MISCELLANEOUS. 

Section  1.  Advertisements ;  false  and  misleading. 

la.  Persons  acting  as  auctioneers. 

2.  Animals. 

3.  Bathing  in  public;  floating  baths. 

3a.  Beaches  and  other  parts  of  the  water  front  to  be  protected  against 
bottles,  crockery,  glass  and  glassware. 

4.  City  magistrates’  courts. 

5.  Jurors’  fees. 

6.  Letter-boxes. 

7.  Queens  county;  county  clerk’s  fees. 

8.  Session  laws;  compensation  for  same  in  Queens  and  Richmond. 

9.  Inspection  of  meat. 

10.  Violations. 

§1.  Advertisements;  false  and  misleading. 

Any  person  who,  with  intent  to  sell  or  in  any  wise  dispose  of  merchandise,  securi¬ 
ties,  services  or  any  thing  offered,  directly  or  indirectly,  by  such  person  to  the  public 
for  sale  or  distribution,  or  with  intent  to  increase  the  consumption  thereof,  or  induce 
the  public  in  any  manner  to  enter  into  any  obligation  relating  thereto,  or  to  acquire 
the  title  thereto  or  any  interest  therein,  makes,  publishes,  disseminates,  circulates  or 
places  before  the  public,  or  causes  directly  or  indirectly  to  be  made,  published,  dis¬ 
seminated,  circulated  or  placed  before  the  public  in  any  newspaper  or  other  publica¬ 
tion,  sold  or  offered  for  sale  upon  any  street  or  public  place,  or  on  any  sign  upon 
any  street  or  public  place,  or  in  any  hand  bill  or  advertisement  posted  upon  any 
street  or  public  place,  or  on  any  placard,  advertisement  or  hand  bill  exhibited  or 
carried  in  any  street  or  public  place,  or  on  any  banner  or  sign  flying  across  the  street 
or  from  any  house,  an  advertisement  of  any  sort  regarding  merchandise,  securities, 
service  or  anything  so  offered  to  the  public,  which  advertisement  contains  any  asser¬ 
tion,  representation  or  statement  which  is  untrue,  deceptive  or  misleading,  shall  be 
punished  by  a  fine  of  not  less  than  $25  nor  more  than  $250  or  by  imprisonment  of  not 
less  than  5  days  nor  more  than  6  months,  or  by  both  such  fine  and  imprisonment. 
(Ord.  effective  Apr.  14,  1914.) 

§la.  Persons  acting  as  auctioneers. 

No  person,  firm  or  corporation  shall  represent  or  circulate  or  place  before  the 
public  any  announcement,  nor  insert  nor  cause  to  be  inserted  in  any  city,  business 
or  telephone  directory,  any  notice  that  such  person,  firm  or  corporation  conducts  the 
business  of  an  auctioneer  without  having  first  obtained  a  license  as  such  from  the 
city  clerk.  (Added  by  ord.  effective  Dec.  12,  1916.) 

§2.  Animals. 

1.  Public  Pounds.  The  mayor  shall  appoint  proper  persons  as  masters  of  the 
public  pounds,  who,  before  entering  upon  the  duties  of  their  office,  shall  take  and 
subscribe  an  oath  or  affirmation  well  and  truly  to  execute  the  duties  of  their  office. 
Each  pound  master,  once  in  every  month,  shall  account  to  the  comptroller  for  all 
moneys  received  or  expended  by  him  by  virtue  of  this  article,  and  pay  over  to  the 
comptroller  all  such  moneys  remaining  in  his  hands,  after  deducting  his  legal  fees 
and  charges.  (C.  O.,  §§553,  559.) 

2.  Dog-stealing.  No  person  shall  remove,  or  cause  to  be  removed,  the  collar 
or  license  tag  from  the  neck  of  any  dog;  nor  shall  any  person  entice  any  properly 

481 


CHAP.  27,  SECS.  3,  3a. 


licensed  dog  into  any  inclosure  for  the  purpose  of  taking  off  its  collar  or  license  tag; 
nor  shall  any  person,  for  such  purpose,  decoy  or  entice  any  animal  out  of  the  enclos¬ 
ure  or  house  of  its  owner  or  possessor,  or  seize  or  molest  any  dog  while  held  or  led 
by  any  person,  or  while  properly  muzzled,  or  while  wearing  a  collar  with  'a  proper 
license  tag  attached ;  nor  shall  any  person  bring  any  dog  into  the  city  for  the  purpose 
of  taking  up,  killing  or  selling  the  same.  (§76,  Brooklyn  Ords.) 

3.  Horses,  swine  and  neat  cattle.  All  horses,  swine  or  neat  cattle  found  at  large 
may  be  taken  by  any  person,  and  driven  or  carried  to  such  place  as  may  be  designated 
by  the  board  of  aldermen  as  a  public  pound.  The  pound  master  or  person  having 
charge  of  such  pound  shall  enter  in  a  book,  to  be  kept  by  him  for  that  purpose,  the 
names  and  places  of  abode  of  all  persons  who  may  bring  any  horse,  swine  or  neat 
cattle  to  the  pound  and  the  time  of  bringing  the  same  respectively ;  but  no  person 
shall  receive  any  compensation  for  driving  or  bringing  any  horse,  neat  cattle  or  swine 
to  a  pound.  If  the  owner  of  any  such  horse,  swine  or  neat  cattle,  or  any  other  person 
entitled  to  redeem  the  same,  shall  appear  and  claim  the  same,  at  any  time  before  a 
sale  thereof,  the  pound  master  shall  deliver  the  animal,  on  receiving  the  amount  of 
his  fee  for  keeping  and  feeding  the  same,  not  exceeding  $1,  for  each  beast  for  every 
24  hours,  and  at  that  rate  for  any  less  period  of  time.  If  no  person  shall  appear  to 
claim  such  horse,  swine  or  neat  cattle,  within  3  days  after  the  same  may  have  been 
impounded,  the  pound  master  shall  give  3  days'  notice  of  the  sale  thereof.  Such 
notice  shall  contain  a  general  description  of  the  beasts  impounded,  and  shall  be  posted 
up  in  some  conspicuous  place  at  the  pound  and  in  the  City  Hall,  and  shall  also  be 
inserted  in  2  or  more  of  the  public  newspapers  published  in  the  city.  In  case  of  the 
sale  of  any  impounded  horse,  swine  or  neat  cattle,  the  pound  master  shall  retain,  out 
of  the  proceeds  of  such  sale,  sufficient  to  pay  the  amount  of  his  fees  and  all  charges 
incurred  by  him  on  account  of  said  horse,  swine  or  neat  cattle.  If,  after  any  such 
sale,  and  while  the  proceeds  thereof  remain  in  the  hands  of  the  pound  master,  the 
former  owner  of  the  horse,  swine  or  neat  cattle  so  sold  shall  appear  and  claim  the 
same,  the  pound  master  shall  deduct  from  the  proceeds  of  such  sale  the  fees  and 
charges  due,  and  pay  over  the  residue  to  the  person  so  claiming  to  be  the  owner.  Each 
pound  master  on  making  any  delivery  of  horses,  swine  or  neat  cattle  before  sale,  or 
on  payment  of  surplus  money  after  sale,  shall  obtain  from  the  person  claiming  the 
same,  his  name  and  residence ;  and  once  in  each  month  he  shall  report  the  same  to 
the  corporation  counsel,  stating  the  names  of  all  persons  claiming  horses,  swine 
or  neat  cattle,  and  their  places  of  residence,  the  date  when  the  animals  were  sold  or 
redeemed,  and  the  names  of  the  persons  leaving  the  same  at  the  pound.  (C.  O., 
§§553a-559.) 

§3.  Bathing  in  public;  floating  baths. 

No  persons  shall  swim  or  bathe  in  any  of  the  waters  within  the  jurisdiction  of 
the  city,  except  in  public  or  private  bathing  houses,  unless  covered  with  a  bathing  suit 
so  as  to  prevent  any  indecent  exposure  of  the  person;  nor  shall  any  person  dress  or 
undress  in  any  place  exposed  to  view.  The  president  of  the  borough,  in  which  the 
same  are  situated,  is  authorized  to  perfect  and  promulgate  all  suitable  rules  and 
regulations  governing  the  use  of  the  free  floating  baths  of  the  city,  and  breaches  of 
said  rules  and  regulations  shall  be  punishable  by  a  fine  not  exceeding  $5  for  each 
offense,  or  by  imprisonment  not  exceeding  1  day.  (C.  O.,  §§208,  542.) 

§3a.  Beaches  and  other  parts  of  the  water  front  to  be  protected  against  bottles, 
crockery,  glass  and  glassware. 

No  person  shall  throw,  cast,  lay  or  deposit  a  glass  bottle  or  piece  of  crockery, 
nor  any  glass  or  glassware,  or  any  part  thereof,  on  any  beach  or  other  part  of  the 
water-front,  or  in  any  park  of  the  city.  A  copy  of  this  section,  with  a  proper  reference 

482 


MISCELLANEOUS. 


to  the  punishment  provided  for  its  violation  by  §  10  of  this  chapter,  shall  be 
conspicuously  posted  by  the  police  commissioner  on  all  beaches,  and  in  all  bathing 
houses  thereon,  and  in  all  parks,  and  on  all  excursion  boats  plying  the  waters  of  the 
port  of  New  York,  during  the  months  of  May  to  October,  inclusive,  in  each  year. 
(Added  by  ord.  effective  May  25,  1915.) 

§4.  City  magistrates’  courts. 

An  additional  city  magistrates’  court  district,  for  the  borough  of  Manhattan,  is 
hereby  established  for  the  upper  west  side  of  said  borough,  the  boundaries  of  which 
shall  be  fixed  in  accordance  with  the  provisions  of  §70,  chapter  659  of  the  Laws  of 
1910,  and  the  court  house  thereof  shall  be  located  on  the  upper  West  Side,  between 
W.  140th  st.  and  W.  160th  st.,  in  said  borough.  The  court  shall  be  known  as  the 
12th  District  Magistrate’s  Court.  (Ord.  effective  Sept.  23,  1913.) 

§5.  Jurors’  fees. 

In  pursuance  of  §3314  of  the  Code  of  Civil  Procedure,  it  is  hereby  directed  that 
the  sum  of  $2  be  allowed  to  each  trial  juror  for  each  day’s  necessary  attendance  by 
him,  as  such  a  juror,  at  a  term  of  any  court  of  record  of  civil  jurisdiction  held  within 
the  county  of  New  York;  provided,  however,  that  no  such  juror  shall  be  so  paid  for 
attendance  on  any  day  on  which  he  shall  be  excused  from  service  at  his  own  request. 
In  pursuance  of  §231  of  the  Municipal  Court  Act  (Laws  of  1902,  chapter  580),  as 
amended  by  chapter  431  of  the  Laws  of  1908  and  chapter  279  of  the  Laws  of  1915,  it  is 
hereby  directed  that  the  sum  of  $2  be  allowed  to  each  trial  juror  for  each  day’s  neces¬ 
sary  attendance  by  him,  as  such  juror,  at  a  term  of  any  municipal  court  of  the  city; 
provided,  however,  that  no  such  juror  shall  be  so  paid  for  attendance  on  any  day 
on  which  he  shall  be  excused  from  service.  (C.  O.,  §§492,  564.) 

§6.  Letter=boxes. 

The  post-office  authorities  and  owners  of  property  in  the  city  are  hereby  given 
permission,  subject  to  the  approval  of  the  borough  president  having  jurisdiction,  ta 
attach  temporarily  small  mail  boxes,  known  as  letter  boxes,  to  any  building  or  part 
thereof ;  provided,  however,  the  consent  in  writing  of  the  owner  of  the  property  be 
given  and  filed  with  the  borough  president  having  jurisdiction,  and  further  provided 
the  work  be  done  without  cost  to  the  city.  Application  for  permission  to  attach  any 
such  letter  box  must  be  made  in  writing  to  the  president  of  the  borough  having  juris¬ 
diction,  and  in  the  form  prescribed  by  him.  (Ord.  effective  Apr.  28,  1914.) 

§7.  Queens  county;  county  clerk’s  fees. 

The  following  prices  and  charges  are  hereby  fixed  for  services  rendered  by  the 
county  clerk  of  Queens,  in  carrying  out  the  provisions  of  the  various  laws  which 
affect  his  office  and  for  which  no  amount  is  fixed  by  statute : 

Examining  all  papers  as  required  by  Tax  Law  and  reporting  to  the  state  comp¬ 
troller’s  office :  5  cents  for  each  instrument  examined ; 

For  indexing  all  names  in  index  of  deeds,  mortgages,  lis  pendens,  judgments, 
calendars,  common  rule,  and  marriage  licenses :  2  cents  for  each  name  indexed ; 

For  assorting,  arranging;  numbering,  filing,  etc.,  all  judgments  and  special  pro¬ 
ceedings;  $1  for  each  judgment  or  decree; 

For  docketing  sheriff’s  returns  on  executions:  6  cents  for  each  return; 

For  filing  sheriff’s  returns  on  executions :  6  cents  each ; 

For  preparing  calendars  for  printer :  10  cents  per  folio ; 

For  recording  calendars  in  calendar  book:  \2x/2  cents  per  case; 

For  notifying  county  judge,  sheriff,  commissioner  of  jurors,  and  newspapers 
as  to  drawing  of  jurors:  10  cents  per  folio; 

483 


CHAPTER  27,  SECS .  8,  9. 


For  making  and  preparing  lists  of  jurors  for  county  judge,  sheriff,  commissioners 
of  jurors,  and  supreme  court;  10  cents  per  folio; 

For  preparing  reports,  making  copies  of  judgments,  entering  judgments,  fur¬ 
nishing  transcripts  and  reporting  to  state  commissioner  of  excise  on  all  persons  con¬ 
victed  of  violation  of  the  Liquor  Tax  Law :  $30  per  month ; 

For  preparing  report  to  the  secretary  of  state  of  all  persons  convicted  of  crimes  ; 
$20  per  month ; 

For  entering,  filing  and  notifying  all  papers  filed,  in  clerk’s  minutes  for  supreme 
and  county  courts :  6  cents  for  each  paper  filed ; 

For  indexing  all  cases  in  clerk’s  minutes ;  2  cents  per  name ; 

For  attending  and  drawing  jury:  $2  each  jury; 

Delivering  jury  box  to  court:  $3  per  day; 

Indexing  all  titles  in  map  index :  2  cents  per  name  or  title ; 

For  recopying  and  transcribing  public  maps,  recoloring  same,  repairing  missing 
parts:  6  cents  per  square  inch  for  drawing,  $1  per  hour  for  recoloring.  (Ord.  effective 
May  5,  1914.) 

§8.  Session  laws;  compensation  for  same  in  Queens  and  Richmond. 

The  compensation  for  publication  of  the  Session  Laws  in  the  counties  of  Queens 
and  Richmond,  respectively,  is  hereby  fixed  at  the  rate  of  50  cents  per  folio.  (Ord. 
effective  Apr.  14,  1914.) 

§9.  Inspection  of  meat. 

1.  Requirement.  No  carcasses  or  parts  of  the  carcasses  of  cattle,  calves,  sheep, 
lambs,  or  swine,  shall  be  offered  for  sale,  sold,  or  given  away  in  any  public  market 
in  the  city  until  they  shall,  respectively,  have  been  inspected  and  passed,  as  fit  for 
human  food,  by  a  duly  authorized  inspector  of  the  United  States  government  or  a 
duly  authorized  inspector  of  the  health  department  of  the  city,  or,  in  the  case  of  parts 
of  a  carcass,  unless  such  part  shall  have  been  cut  from  a  carcass  or  part  of  a  carcass 
which  had  previously  been  inspected  and  passed  as  hereinbefore  provided. 

2.  Marking  of;  certificate.  Such  inspector  of  the  department  of  health,  upon 
finding  such  carcass  or  part  of  a-  carcass,  as  the  case  may  be,  fit  for  human  food, 
shall  proceed  to  mark  such  carcass  or  part  of  a  carcass  by  branding  or  stamping 
thereon  a  number  and  the  words  “Department  of  Health”  and  “Inspected  and 
Passed,”  together  with  the  date  of  inspection  and  the  name  of  the  inspector,  all  set 
forth  in  conspicuous  type  in  the  following  form : 

No . 

Department  of  Health. 

Inspected  and  passed . 

(Date)  . 

(Name  of  inspector) . . 

and  such  inspector  shall  also,  upon  branding  or  stamping  such  carcass  or  part  of  a 
carcass,  deliver  to  the  owner  thereof  or  said  owner’s  representative  a  certificate,  which 
shall  be  substantially  in  the  following  form : 

No . 

Department  of  Health. 

(Brief  description  of  carcass  or  part  of  carcass) . 

(Place  of  inspection) . 

(Name  of  dealer) . 

Inspected  and  passed . . . 

(Date)  . 

(Name  of  inspector) . . 

Such  brand  or  stamp  marks,  as  well  as  such  certificates,  shall  be  consecutively  num- 

4  84 


MISCELLANEOUS. 


bered,  and  the  number  of  the  brand  or  stamp  mark  shall,  in  every  instance,  correspond 
with  the  number  of  the  certificate. 

3.  Certificate ;  number  of;  filing  of.  Every  such  certificate  shall  be  made  in 
triplicate  form,  and  the  inspector  shall  deliver  the  original  to  the  owner  of  the  carcass 
or  part  of  a  carcass  to  which  such  certificate  relates  or  said  owner’s  representative 
and  file  a  copy  thereof,  respectively,  in  the  department  of  health  and  in  the  office  of 
the  comptroller. 

4.  Certificate,  fee  for.  For  each  carcass  or  part  of  a  carcass,  thus  marked  and 
for  which  a  certificate  shall  have  been  issued  as  hereinbefore  provided,  the  owner 
thereof  shall  pay  to  the  city  the  sum  of  5c.,  and  all  moneys  shall  be  collected  monthly 
by  the  comptroller. 

5.  Carcass  or  part  of,  when  deemed  fit  as  human  food.  For  the  purpose  of  this 
ordinance,  no  such  carcass  or  part  of  a  carcass  shall  be  deemed  to  have  been  inspected 
and  passed,  as  fit  for  human  food,  by  an  inspector  of  the  department  of  health  unless 
such  carcass  or  part  of  a  carcass  shall  have  been  branded  or  stamped,  and  a  certificate 
shall  have  been  issued,  as  hereinbefore  provided. 

6.  Exceptions.  The  provisions  of  this  ordinance  shall  not,  however,  apply  to 
carcasses  or  parts  of  carcasses  of  cattle,  calves,  sheep,  lambs,  or  swine  killed  in  any 
slaughter  house  in  the  city,  conducted  under  a  permit  issued  by  the  board  of  health. 

7.  Violations.  Any  person  who  shall  violate  or  neglect  to  comply  with  any  pro¬ 
vision  of  this  ordinance  shall,  upon  conviction  thereof,  be  punished  by  a  fine  of  not 
more  than  $100,  or  by  imprisonment  not  exceeding  30  days,  or  by  both  such  fine  and 
imprisonment.  (Added  by  ord.  effective  May  18,  1915.) 

§10.  Violations. 

Whenever  in  any  chapter  of  this  ordinance  no  specific  punishment  is  provided 
for  the  violation  of  a  provision  thereof,  the  punishment,  upon  conviction  for  such 
violation,  shall  be  a  fine  of  not  more  than  $10,  or  imprisonment  for  not  exceeding  10 
days,  or  both  such  fine  and  imprisonment.  (C.  O.,  Part  XVI.) 


CHAPTER  28. 

REPEAL. 

Section  1.  Existing  ordinances  repealed. 

2.  Saving  clause. 

§1.  Existing  ordinances  repealed. 

All  other  general  ordinances  or  parts  of  general  ordinances  of  the  city,  in  force 
on  the  date  when  this  ordinance  shall  take  effect,  are  hereby  repealed.  (New.) 

§2.  Saving  clause. 

No  right  or  remedy  of  any  character  shall  be  lost,  impaired  or  affected  by  reason 
of  this  ordinance,  nor  shall  it  affect  or  impair  any  act  done  or  right  accruing,  accrued 
or  acquired,  nor  any  penalty,  forfeiture  or  punishment  incurred  prior  to  the  time 
when  the  same  shall  take  effect,  or  by  virtue  of  any  ordinance,  or  part  thereof,  repealed 
or  modified  by  this  ordinance,  but  the  same  may  be  asserted,  enforced,  prosecuted  or 
inflicted,  as  fully  and  to  the  same  extent,  as  if  such  senior  ordinance,  or  part  thereof, 
had  not  been  repealed  or  modified.  (Adapted  from  charter,  §1614.) 

Section  2.  This  ordinance  shall  take  effect  immediately. 


486 


INDEX 


AND 

TABLE  OF  DISPOSITION 
OF  GENERAL  ORDINANCES 
REPEALED 


INDEX 


A. 

Sec.  Chap.  Page 

Abatement  of  nuisance  .  185  20  390 

Abusive,  insulting  or  threatening  language,  prohibited  in 

parks  .  17  17  342 

Abutting  owners’  responsibilities : 

sidewalks,  construction  and  repair .  181  23  446 

snow  and  ice,  removal  of .  21  22  419 

street  cleaning .  10  22  417 

Acetanilid,  label  statement .  116  20  374 

Acetylene  gas : 

compression,  storage  or  sale : 

permit  required  .  212  10  277 

fee  .  43  10  241 

requirements  .  212  10  277 

restrictions  .  212  10  277 

containers  .  212  10  277 

generators  .  212  10  277 

storage  tanks  .  212  10  277 

Acid  fumes,  safeguards  against .  210c  9  175 

426i,  j  9  185 

Accidents : 

contractors’  agreement  to  indemnify  city  against .  70  2  19 

emergency  treatment  of  victims  of .  1  13  300 

Accumulations  of  bones  or  other  offensive  material .  241  20  396 

Acting  head  of  department,  bureau  or  office,  designation. ...  7  1  13 

Actions  by  or  against  the  city: 

corporation  counsel  to  keep  register  of .  220  2  25 

building  code  cases : 

for  penalties  .  654  5  147 

unsafe  buildings  .  634-637  5  141 

violations  generally  .  652  5  144 

unlicensed  theatres  .  5  3  31 

Adjoining  buildings : 

chimneys,  to  be  extended  on .  392  5  111 

excavations,  protection  of  .  230  5  81 

protection  of  roofs  and  skylights .  193  5  78 

protection  against  the  weather .  197  5  78 

Adulterated  food  ( See  Food.) 

Advertisements : 

false  and  misleading,  prohibited . . .  '  1  27  481 

in  parks  .  13  17  342 

posting  on  public  property .  10  23  424 

protection  of  public .  11  23  424 


489 


INDEX. 


Sec.  Chap.  Page 

Advertising  vehicles,  general  provisions  relating  to .  30  24  464 

Agents  (food  establishments),  responsibility  of. . 147  20  383 

Agents  of  buildings,  service  of  orders  or  notices .  653  5  146 

Aisles  and  passageways ;  obstruction  of : 

buildings  of  a  public  character,  churches,  hotels .  491  5  122 

motion  picture  shows .  34  3  36 

public  halls,  railroad  depots,  restaurants,  schools .  490  5  122 

theatres  .  9  3  32 

491  5  122 

Alcohol : 

distillation,  spirits  .  332  20  408 

distillation,  rectification  and  storage : 

permit  . . .  250  10  284 

fee  ( See  Liquors,  etc.) .  43  10  240 

restrictions  .  251  10  284 

storage  limited  .  252  10  285 

in  drugs,  label  statement .  116  20  374 

poisoning  by  wood .  92  20  371 

sale  of  wood  .  124  20  377 

Alcove  rooms,  construction  .  130  5  67 

Alcoves,  construction  of .  261  5  90 

Alderman,  defined  .  1  1  9 

Alley,  included  within  the  term  “street” .  119 

Alloys,  treating  and  refining .  332  20  408 

Alteration  of  buildings  ( See  Buildings  and  Structures.) 

defined  .  2  5  45 

certificate  of  occupancy .  3  5  46 

Ambulances : 

right  of  way  .  15  24  460 

speed  exemption  .  17  24  461 

American  flag,  display  of,  on  all  city  buildings .  3  1  12 

Ammunition:  ( See  also  Explosives.) 

defined  .  1  10  232 

manufacturing  or  loading,  requirements .  80  10  253 

storage  and  sale,  requirements  and  restrictions .  81  10  253 

theatrical  use  of .  81  10  253 

window  displays  of  . 81  10  253 

Amusement  devices : 

are  common  shows  .  60  3  40 

defined  .  560  5  134 

accidents  affecting,  reports  of . 568  5  136 

certificate  of  approval .  563  5  135 

construction,  rules  . 561  5  135 

479  5  121 

inspection  .  565  5  135 

installation  or  alteration,  permit . 562  5  134 

license  required _ ' .  60  3  40 

maintenance,  rules  .  561  5  134 

operation,  rules  .  561  5  134 

operators  of,  qualifications .  567  5  136 


490 


INDEX. 


Amusements  and  exhibitions :  ( See  Motion 

Theatres.) 

Sec. 

Pictures : 

Chap. 

Page 

charitable,  masonic  or  religious . 

. .  6 

3 

31 

charity  entertainments,  regulation  of . 

3 

31 

construction  of  places : 

generally  . 

.  71  73 

5 

58 

motion-picture  theatres  . 

.  500  504 

5 

123 

open  air  motion  pictures . 

.  506 

5 

125 

theatres  . 

.  520  538 

5 

126 

licenses  required . 

. .  1 

3 

30 

fees  . 

. .  2 

3 

30 

commutation  of  fees . . . . . 

.  3 

3 

30 

unlicensed,  may  be  enjoined . 

.  5 

3 

31 

places  of : 

exit  requirements  . 

.  7 

3 

32 

fire  prevention . 

.  8 

3 

32 

obstruction  of  aisles  and  passageways.... 

.  9 

3 

32 

sale  of  liquor . 

.  11 

3 

34 

Sunday  observance  . 

.  10 

3 

33 

ticket  speculators  . 

12 

3 

34 

violations  . 

.  13 

3 

34 

waiters  in  . 

.  11 

3 

34 

Analysis  by  health  department,  as  evidence . 

.  188 

20 

390 

Analyst,  testimony  of  official . 

.  188 

20 

390 

Animal  matter,  heating,  drying  or  storing . 

.  324 

20 

406 

Animals : 

abandoned,  disposition  of  . 

.  5-6 

20 

358 

bedding  of,  drying . 

.  242 

20 

396 

care  of : 

food  and  water  . 

.  14 

20 

360 

keeping  . . 

.  19 

20 

360 

transportation  . 

.  15 

20 

360 

cattle,  care  of  . 

.  14 

20 

360 

condemnation  and  destruction  of . 

.  137 

20 

379 

cows : 

care  of  . 

.  14 

20 

360 

tuberculin  test  of  . 

.  13 

20 

360 

dead : 

burying  . 

.  8 

20 

359 

disposition  of . 

20 

358 

dock  for  removal  of . 

.  246 

20 

398 

filling  in  land  with . 

.  252 

20 

400 

horses,  to  be  tagged . 

.  9 

20 

359 

placing  in  street  or  public  waters . 

. .  8 

20 

359 

removal  of  . 

20 

397 

245 

20 

397 

skinning  . 

.  323 

20 

406 

transportation,  by  boat  . 

.  245 

20 

397 

unauthorized  interference  with . 

7 

20 

359 

491 


INDEX. 


Sec. 

Chap. 

Page 

Animals — Continued: 

destruction  of : 

abandoned  . 

20 

358 

diseased  or  injured  . 

.  5 

20 

358 

rabid  or  vicious . 

20 

359 

diseased  animals : 

beyond  recovery,  disposition  . 

.  5-6 

20 

358 

contagiously  . 

20 

358 

destruction  of  . 

20 

358 

disposition  of . 

20 

397 

reports  concerning . 

.  6 

20 

358 

unauthorized  interference  with . 

.  7 

20 

359 

dogs : 

muzzling  . 

20 

360 

rabid  . 

20 

359 

removing  collar  or  license  tag . 

.  2 

27 

481 

stealing  . 

27 

481 

vicious  . 

10 

20 

359 

driving  in  streets . 

.  32 

24 

464 

dying  of  disease  or  accident,  as  food . 

.  163 

20 

386 

exposed  to  contagious  diseases . 

.  4 

20 

358 

homeless,  sheltering  . 

.  16 

20 

360 

injured : 

destruction  of  . 

.  5 

20 

358 

disposition  of  . 

.  6 

20 

358 

interference  with  . 

.  7 

20 

359 

placing  in  streets  or  public  waters . 

.  8 

20 

359 

removal  of  . 

.  6 

20 

358 

reports  concerning  . 

.  6 

20 

358 

unauthorized  interference  with . 

.  7 

20 

359 

keeping,  generally  . 

.  19 

20 

360 

cows  . 

.  12 

20 

360 

killing  . 

.  162 

20 

386 

killing  disabled  or  sick . 

.  7 

20 

359 

noises  by,  prohibited . 

.  215 

20 

393 

park,  protection  of . 

.  15 

17 

342 

rabid  : 

disposition  of  . 

.  10 

20 

359 

reports  concerning  . 

20 

359 

sale  of  small . 

.  18 

20 

360 

sheep,  keeping  or  yarding . 

.  11 

20 

359 

shelter  for  homeless . 

.  16 

20 

359 

sick : 

contagiously  . 

.  3-4 

20 

358 

disposition  of  . 

20 

359 

destruction  of  . 

20 

358 

keeping  . 

20 

359 

removal  of  . 

20 

358 

unauthorized  interference  with . 

.  7 

20 

359 

veterinarians  to  report  contagiously . 

.  2 

20 

358 

sidewalks  not  to  be  obstructed  by . 

20 

405 

skinning,  restricted  . 

20 

406 

492 


INDEX. 


Animals — Continued: 

slaughtering,  cooling  and  dressing . 

small,  traffic  in . 

stray,  impounding  . 

traffic  regulations  concerning  . 

transportation  in  vehicles . 

unfit  for  food . 

ventilation  for  . 

vicious,  disposition  of . 

yarding  . 

Anthrax,  reports  of  cases  of . 

Antitoxin  : 

distribution  of  . 

labeling  . 

Apartment  house : 

construction:  ( See  Building  Code.) 

classified  . 

generally  . . 

electric  wiring  and  appliances:  ( See  Electrical  Code.) 

fire  alarm  connection . 

fire  extinguishing  appliances . 

Apartments : 

nuisances  in  . 

occupation  •  of  unsanitary . 

theatre  building  restriction . 

Appliances  (building  construction)  : 

approval,  procedure  . 

approved,  defined  . 

Appliances  (electrical)  : 

defined  . 

installation  prescribed:  ( See  Electrical  Code.) 
Appropriations : 

borough  presidents,  contingencies  and  incumbrances.. 
Approved  (building  construction  or  materials)  : 

defined  . 

Arches,  construction  of  masonry . 

Arc  lamps:  ( See  Electrical  Code.) 

Areas : 

existing,  continuing  . 

general  restrictions  . . . 

grating-cover,  required  . . 

special  restrictions  . 

on  park  or  park  streets...- . . . 

railings  required  for  open . 

removal  of,  unauthorized . 

violations  . 

Areaways,  safeguarding  . 

Armored  cables  :  ( See  Electrical  Code.)  . 

Armories :  {See  Places  of  Public  Assembly.) 

Arsenic,  poisoning  by;  report  required . 

Art  gallery,  above  theatre . . 

Artificial  mineral  waters,  sale  regulated . 

Artillery,  firing  of . . . . 


Sec. 

Chap. 

Page 

.  161  162 

20 

386 

18 

20 

360 

2 

27 

481 

32 

24 

464 

15 

20 

360 

163 

20 

386 

14 

20 

360 

10 

20 

359 

11 

20 

359 

86 

20 

369 

121 

20 

376 

116 

20 

374 

70 

5 

58 

.  71  73 

5 

58 

20 

12 

301 

20 

12 

301 

183 

20 

390 

54 

20 

366 

536 

5 

133 

8 

5 

49 

2 

5 

45 

1 

9 

166 

.  201-202 

2 

24 

2 

5 

45 

:  251 

5 

83 

173 

5 

76 

170 

5 

74 

170 

5 

74 

160 

23 

444 

j  60 

17 

347 

161 

23 

444 

168 

23 

445 

170 

23 

445 

161 

23 

445 

92 

20 

371 

536 

5 

133 

165 

20 

387 

4 

11 

297 

493 


INDEX. 


Sec.  Chap.  Page 

Ashes : 

defined  .  1  20  355 

collection  and  removal: 

private  .  250  20  399 

public  .  248  20  .  398 

depositing  in  streets .  10  22  417 

filling  in  land  with . 252  20  400 

fire  prevention  restriction . 29  12  304 

garbage  not  to  be  mixed  with .  248  20  398 

interference  with  deposits  of .  11  22  418 

privy  vaults,  sinks  and  cess-pools  not  to  contain .  237  20  396 

receptacles  required  for .  248  20  398 

removal  of : 

by  city  .  248  20  398 

by  owner  .  250  20  399 

sifting  or  other  agitation  of .  253  20  400 

streets  not  to  be  choked  with .  248  20  398 

transportation  of  .  240  20  396 

Ashlar  construction : 

walls  . 255  5  87 

-  working  stress  . -. . .  51  5  53 

Ash  receptacles : 

contents,  restricted  to .  248  20  398 

disposition  of  emptied .  248  20  398 

keeping,  place  .  248  20  398 

size  of  . 248  20  398 

unauthorized  interference  with .  249  20  399 

Asiatic  cholera:  ( See  Infectious  Diseases.) 

cases  to  be  reported . 86  20  369 

funerals  of  victims  of .  103  20  373 

undertakers’  duties  concerning .  102  20  373 

Assemblies  in  streets : 

American  flag  to  be  displayed  at .  24  23  425 

disorderly  .  23  23  424 

public  worship  .  20  23  424 

Assembly  halls: 

classification  .  70  5  58 

construction : 

generally  .  71-73  5  58 

details:  ( See  Specific  Subject.) 

fire  prevention  requirements:  ( See  Places  of  Amuse¬ 
ment.) 

Assessment  bonds : 

accounts  of  .  2  2  14 

application  of  moneys  collected  to  pay .  2  2  14 

Association,  included  in  term  “person” .  119 

Asylums : 

classified  .  70  5  58 

construction : 

generally  . * .  71-73  5  58 

details:  ( See  Specific  Subjects,  Building  Code.) 

exits  . 152  5  89 


494 


INDEX. 


Asylums — Continued:  Sec.  Chap.  Page 

fire  prevention  requirements: 

alarm  connection  with  fire  department .  20  12  301 

fire-alarm  system  (interior) .  21  12  301 

fire-escapes  .  162  5  74 

fire-extinguishing  appliances  .  20  12  301 

means  of  egress,  posting  diagrams .  21  12  301 

watchmen  .  21  12  301 

sanitation:  ( See  Institutions.) 

Auctioneers,  persons  acting  as .  la  27  481 

Auctions : 

in  streets,  prohibited .  30  23  425 

use  of  bells  or  musical  instruments  in  aid  of .  30  23  425 

removal  of  goods  from .  30  23  425 

Automatic  (fire-door  or  other  opening  protective),  defined..  370  5  105 

Automatic  fire-door  defined .  370  5  105 

Automatic  sprinklers : 

a  “means  of  preventing  or  extinguishing  fires” .  20  12  301 

allowance  for,  in  factory  buildings .  72  5  59 

exterior  openings  in  buildings .  375  •  5  108 

rules  as  to  requirement  of . 1 .  580  5  136 

theatre  buildings  .  524  5  127 

Automobiles  :  ( See  Motor  Vehicles.) 

Autopsy,  report  concerning .  32  20  362 

medical  examiners  to  report  findings  of .  80  20  368 

Auto-starters  :  ( See  Electrical  Code.) 

Avenue,  included  within  the  term  “street” .  1  1  9 

Awnings : 

permanent,  construction  .  170  5  74 

restrictions  .  170  5  74 

drop  awnings  . ' .  42  23  425 

temporary  awnings  . j  43  23  426 

violations  of  provisions  relating  to .  650  5  143 

654, 655  5  147 

44  23  426 

B. 

B.  &  S.  gauge  (wire)  defined .  1  9 

Bakeries : 

defined  .  1  20  355 

sanitary  requirements . 142-150  20  381 

water  charges  .  21  25  469 

Balance  sets  (electrical) .  201  d  9  170 

Balconies : 

construction  of  wooden .  476  5  120 

encroaching  upon  streets : 

park  streets  .  60  17  347 

Balustrades  (in  streets)  : 

restricted  . 170  5  74 

merchandise  not  to  be  exposed  upon . 162  23  444 

punishment  for  violations  relating  to .  170  23  445 

removal  of  unauthorized .  168  23  445 

restrictions  .  170  5  74 


495 


INDEX. 


Sec.  Chap.  Page 

Ball  game,  a  common  show .  60  3  40 

Baptist  church,  public  performance  of  rites  of : 

authorized  .  20  23  424 

interference  with,  prohibited .  21  23  424 

Barber  poles,  construction  and  maintenance  of .  145  23  438 

Barber  shops : 

conduct  of  .  335  20  409 

water  charges  .  21  25  469 

Barbers’  supplies,  fee  for  permit  to  manufacture .  43  10  240 

Barns;  fire  prevention  requirements .  28  12  304 

Barren  Island,  transportation  of  garbage  to . 238  20  396 

Base  courses,  restricted .  170  5  74 

Base  frames  for  generators  or  motors :  ( See  Electrical 
Code.) 

Basement : 

ladders  from  boiler-room .  152  5  69 

Basins  (marine)  : 

included  in  “water  front  property” .  119 

private,  disposition  of  fees  for  use  of .  4  2  15 

Bath  houses : 

classified  .  70  5  58 

construction : 

generally  .  "71-73  5  58 

details:  {See  Specific  Subject.) 

Bathing  beaches,  bottles,  crockery,  glass,  not  to  be  cast  upon.  3a  27  482 

Bathing  establishments : 

life  lines  for  ocean .  341  20  410 

maintenance,  permit  .  340  20  409 

posting  notices  as  to  bottles,  crockery  and  broken  glass.  3  a  27  482 

Bathing  in  public  waters .  3  27  482 

Bathing  suits,  hiring  out .  340  20  409 

Bathrooms : 

sleeping  in,  prohibited  .  62  20  367 

ventilation  of  .  133  5  68 

Baths : 

public,  floating;  location .  11  8  154 

berths  for  .  11  8  154 

rules  and  regulations .  3  27  482 

private  charges  for  water  supply .  21  25  469 

Batteries,  storage  or  primary .  210  9  175 

Battery  rooms,  construction  .  210  b  9  175 

Bay,  oriel  or  show  windows : 
construction : 

generally  .  446  5  119 

on  frame  buildings  .  480  5  121 

restrictions : 

park  streets  .  60  17  347 

unauthorized,  removal  .  168  23  445 

violations,  punishment  .  170  23  445 

Bay  parkway,  traffic  regulations .  39  17  345 

Beaches,  protection  against  broken  glass  or  crockery .  3  a  27  482 

496 


INDEX. 


Sec.  Chap.  Page 

Beams : 

fire  protection  of  wooden . 280  5  91 

iron  and  steel  construction .  303  5  94 

wooden  .  280  5  91 

Beanshooters,  sale  or  use .  251  23  455 

Bearing  capacity  .  53  5  56 

floors  .  55  5  57 

soil  .  231  5  82 

Bearing  walls : 

defined  .  250  5  85 

construction  .  251  5  85 

protection  against  excavations .  230  5  81 

thickness  . 257  5  88 

Begging  in  parks .  17  17  342 

Bell-wires  (electrical)  .  685  9  228 

Belt  courses,  restricted .  170  5  74 

Beverages : 

adulteration  of  .  139  20  380 

deleterious,  poisonous  or  unwholesome  substances  in....(  141  20  381 

mineral  waters  .  165  20  387 

utensils  for  manufacturing  or  dispensing .  145  20  382 

Bichloride  of  mercury,  traffic  in .  125  20  377 

Bicycles : 

restrictions  concerning  use .  31  24  464 

park  regulations  as  to .  41  17  346 

Billiard  and  pool  stables : 

licenses  required  for  public .  1  14  307 

fees  for  .  21  14  309 

minors  not  allowed  to  use  public .  20  14  309 

Bill-posting,  park  restriction .  13  17  342 

Birds : 

dead,  sick  or  injured,  not  to  be  cast  into  streets  or  public 

waters  .  8  20  359 

noises  by,  prohibited .  215  20  393 

protection  of  park .  15  17  342 

Births : 

false  certificate,  statement  or  report  of .  26  20  363 

masters  of  vessels  to  report . 257  20  412 

midwives : 

must  keep  register  of. .  21  20  361 

required  to  report .  21  20  361 

parents  of  children  to  report .  21  20  361 

physicians : 

must  keep  register  of . 21  20  361 

required  to  report .  21  20  361 

register  of: 

midwives  and  physicians  to  keep .  31  20  361 

transcript  of  birth  registry .  23  20  362 

Bi-sulphide  of  carbon  poisoning;  reports  of. .  92  20  371 

Black  powder:  (See  Black  Powder,  Blasting  Powder  and 

Smokeless  Powder),  defined .  1  10  235 


497 


INDEX. 


Black  powder,  blasting  powder  and  smokeless  powder :  ( See 
also  Explosives.) 

Sec. 

Chap. 

Page 

fees  for  permits  relating  to . 

43 

10 

240 

transportation,  storage  and  sale,  general . i 

68 

10 

250 

use,  blasting . > 

Blasting  caps : 

69 

10 

251 

defined  . 

permits  to  transfer,  store  and  sell : 

1 

10 

233 

required  . 

67 

10 

249 

fee  . 

43 

10 

240 

packing  . 

67 

.  10 

250 

marking  . 

storage : 

67 

10 

250 

generally  . 

67 

10 

249 

magazines  . 

67 

10 

250 

transportation  . 

Blasting  powder:  ( See  Black  Powder,  Blasting  Powder 

67 

10 

250 

and  Smokeless  Powder),  defined  . 

1 

10 

233 

Blasting  regulations  . . 

Blau  gas:  ( See  Gases  Under  Pressure.) 

69 

10 

251 

Blow-pipes,  use  restricted  . 

Board :  ( See  Departments,  Bureaus,  Boards  and  Commis¬ 
sions.) 

213 

10 

278 

meaning  . 

1 

1 

9 

meetings  . 

9 

1 

13 

office  hours  . 

reports  and  publication  of,  copies  for  Municipal  Refer¬ 

8 

1 

13 

ence  Library  . 

Board  of  Aldermen : 

10 

1 

13 

city  surveyors,  appointed  by . 

241 

2 

26 

decorations  on  City  Hall . 

5 

1 

12 

projections  beyond  building  line . 

Board  of  Commissioners  of  the  Sinking  Fund : 

171-174 

5 

76 

quorum  of  . 

3 

2 

14 

record  of  proceedings. . . 

9 

2 

17 

jurisdiction,  city  debt . . . . . 

1-9 

2 

14 

jurisdiction,  city  real  estate . 

Board  of  Estimate:  {See  Department,  Bureaus,  Boards 
and  Commissions.) 

100-105 

2 

21 

abbreviation  of  board  of  estimate  and  apportionment.. 

1 

1 

9 

projections  beyond  building  line . .1 

Boarding  house : 

171-174 

5 

76 

defined  . 

1 

20 

355 

fire-alarm  equipment  . 

20,21 

12 

301 

fire-escapes  . 

162 

5 

74 

fire-extinguishing  appliances  . 1 

20 

12 

301 

occupancy,  overcrowding  . 

56 

20 

366 

protection  of  lights  of . 

23 

12 

302 

sailor-boarders,  reports  concerning . - 

362 

20 

413 

theatre  building  restriction . 

536 

5 

133 

Boardwalks,  permit  required  to  lay . .1 

183 

23 

447 

498 


INDEX. 


Sec. 

Chap. 

Page 

Boat ;  a  “  vessel”  . 

.  1 

1 

9 

Boating  in  park  waters . 

. «  14 

17 

342 

Boiler  inspection,  small  vessels . 

.  1 

18 

351 

Boiler-rooms : 

manholes,  ladders  from  . 

.  152 

5 

70 

Boilers : 

classified  . 

390 

5 

110 

installation,  or  alteration,  notice  required . 

390 

5 

110 

Boilers  of  heating  plants,  construction  and  setting . 

404 

5 

115 

Bolting : 

iron  or  steel  construction . 

.  307 

5 

95 

wood  construction  . 

5 

92 

Bonds  of  city  officers : 

acting  officers  . . 

.  7 

1 

13 

enumerated  . 

. i  270 

2 

28 

Bonds  of  contractors  with  city . 

.  72 

2 

20 

Bonds  (Explosives  and  Hazardous  Trades)  : 

defined  . . . 

.  1 

10 

233 

enumerated  (schedule)  . . 

.  41 

10 

239 

conditions  . . 

.  40 

10 

239 

Bonds  and  mortgages  due  city: 

application  of  interest . . 

.  5 

2 

15 

assignment  . . 

.  7 

2 

16 

release  . 

.  7 

2 

16 

sales  of,  application  of  proceeds . 

.  4 

2 

15 

Bonds  and  stock  of  city : 

included  in  “city  debt  and  city  stock” . 

.  1 

2 

14 

provisions  relating  to  . 

.  1-9 

2 

14 

Bones : 

boiling,  burning  or  grinding . 

.  323,324 

20 

406 

collecting  and  transporting . 

.  241 

20 

396 

Booths : 

election ;  construction  . 

.  478 

5 

121 

moving  picture  machines . . 

504 

5 

125 

under  elevated  stairways . 

.  149 

23 

439 

within  stoop  lines . . 

.  149 

23 

439 

Borden  avenue  bridge  (Queens),  location..., . 

.  1 

4 

43 

Borough  of  Brooklyn : 
fire  limits : 

general  . 

5 

60 

suburban  . 

5 

64 

street  encroachments,  special  restrictions . 

.  160 

23 

444 

Borough  of  The  Bronx: 
fire  limits : 

suburban  . 

. 4  90 

5 

60 

general  . . 

5 

64 

street  encroachments,  special  restrictions . 

.  160 

23 

444 

Borough  of  Manhattan : 

corporation  yards  . 

. 4  151 

23 

441 

fire  limits  . 

. 4  90 

5 

60 

499 


INDEX. 


Borough  of  Queens: 

fire  limits  . 

street  cleaning  . .» 

Borough  of  Richmond: 

street  cleaning  . . 

street  pavement  restoration . 

Borough  presidents: 
jurisdiction : 

accidents,  safeguards  against . 

area  ways  . . 

assessment  work: 

inspection  . . 

awnings  . 

barber  poles  . 

boundaries  and  monuments . .1 

bridges  over  sidewalks,  building  construction . 

building  materials  in  streets . 

carriageways  over  sidewalks . 

construction  and  repair  of  streets . 

contracts  for  boroughs : 

generally  . 

inspections  . 

corporation  yards  . 

disturbance  of  street  surface . 

drains  across  sidewalks . 

excavations  in  streets . 

floating  baths : 

location  . 

regulation  . . 

hoistways  in  streets . . 

“hospital  street”  signs . 

house  moving  . 

house  numbering  . . 

landmarks  . 

letter  boxes  on  private  property . 

lights  on  obstructions . 

obstructions  and  incumbrances . 

ornamental  lamp-posts  . 

permits  . 

posts  and  poles . 

projections  and  encroachments . 4 

public  improvements,  contracts . 

public  wells  . 

railing  off  obstructions . 

removal  of  obstructions . 

sewers  and  drains . . 

“  school  street  ”  signs . 

show-cases  on  sidewalks . 


Sec. 

Chap. 

Page 

90 

5 

63 

1 

22 

417 

11 

22 

418 

1 

22 

417 

11 

22 

418 

96 

23 

431 

3 

23 

422 

161 

23 

444 

170 

5 

74 

75 

2 

21 

42-44 

23 

425 

145 

23 

438 

50-52 

23 

429 

141 

23 

436 

142 

23 

436 

184 

23 

447 

60-65 

23 

427 

60-79 

2 

17 

75 

2 

21 

151 

23 

441 

80-82 

23 

429 

182 

23 

446 

90-98 

23 

429 

11 

8" 

154 

3 

27 

482 

148 

23 

439 

131 

23 

434 

144 

23 

438 

110-112 

23 

433 

50-52 

23 

426 

6 

27 

483 

3 

23 

422 

140-152 

23 

436 

145 

23 

438 

203 

2 

24 

145 

23 

438 

160-170 

23' 

444 

61 

2 

17 

7 

25 

469 

3 

23 

422 

151 

23 

441 

1-24 

21 

414 

132 

23 

435 

147 

23 

438 

500 


INDEX. 


Borough  presidents — Continued: 
j  urisdiction — Continued : 

sidewalks  . 

signs  and  show  bills  (supt.  of  bldgs.) . 

snow  and  ice  removal . 

stairways  on  streets . 

storm  doors . 

street  cleaning . i 

streets  . 

temporary  closing  streets . 

unsafe  conditions  in  streets . 

vaults  and  cisterns . 

wells  in  streets . 4 

requirements : 

appropriations,  contingencies  and  incumbrances . 

payment  of  bills . 

receipts,  disposition  . 

reports  . . 

Bottles  ( See  Glass  and  Glassware.) 

Bottling  works,  charges  for  water . 

Boulevard,  included  within  “street” . 

Boundaries  and  monuments,  protection  of . 1 


Bowling  alleys : 

license,  required  . ! 

fee  . 1 

minors  not  to  use  public . j 


Boxes,  switch  and  outlet . 

Boxing,  wire  . 

Breaches  of  peace,  in  parks . 

Bread,  baking  and  sale . 

Breweries  ( See  Factories.) 

ventilation  . 

Brick : 

bond  (laying)  . 

compression  table  . 

hollow,  as  furring . 

specifications,  quality  . 

wetting  . 

Brick  arch  construction . 

Brick  buildings :  ( See  Buildings  and  Structures.) 

Brick  masonry  construction: 

bond,  walls  . 

compression  table  . 

foundation  walls  . 1 

generally  . .1 

safe  loads  . t 

weight  per  cubic  foot . 4 

working  stress  . 1 

Bridges : 

enumeration  . 

speed  of  vehicles,  on . 

approaching  . 


Sec. 

Chap. 

Page 

180-189 

23 

210-223 

23 

446 

20-24 

22 

419 

170 

5 

74 

150 

23 

441 

1-24 

22 

417 

1-252 

23 

422 

1 

23 

422 

2 

23 

422 

240-244 

23 

453 

7 

25 

469 

201 

2 

24 

200 

2 

24 

202 

2 

24 

204 

2 

24 

21 

25 

470 

1 

1 

9 

50-52 

23 

426 

1 

14 

307 

31 

14 

310 

30 

14 

309 

424  d 

9 

183 

424  d 

9 

183 

17 

17 

342 

30 

26 

477 

131 

5 

67 

252 

5 

86 

51 

5 

53 

262 

5 

90 

23 

5 

51 

251 

5 

85 

251 

5 

85 

252 

5 

86 

51 

5 

54 

236 

5 

84 

252 

5 

86 

53 

5 

56 

21 

5 

50 

51 

5 

53 

1 

4 

42 

2 

4 

43 

17 

24 

462 

501 


INDEX. 


Brine:  ( See  Offensive  Materials,  etc.) 

Brooklyn  bridge,  location . 

Brooklyn-Queens  speedway;  traffic  regulations . 

Builders’  shanties,  construction . .1 

Building,  defined  (electrical  control) . 

Building  Code: 

application,  scope,  short  title . 

definitions  . .1 

effect,  remedial  . 

enforcement : 

agents  may  be  designated  to  receive  notices . 

corporation  counsel  to  co-operate . 

courts  having  jurisdiction . . 

employees,  immunity  from  liability  for . a 

emergency  measures  . 

injunction  . 

notice  of  violations . 

occupants  of  buildings,  duty  respecting  notices  of 


orders . 4 

penalties,  collection  . .) 

police  co-operation . .1 

recourse  to  courts . ; 

restraining  order  . . 

stopping  work . 


superintendent  of  buildings  may  do  necessary  work. 

unsafe  building  proceedings . 

vacating  buildings : 

for  violations  . 

when  unsafe  . 

violation,  misdemeanor  . 

subjects : 

above  roof  constructions . 

adjoining  property,  protection  of  during  construe-1 
tions  or  alterations . .1 


alcoves  . I 

alteration  of  buildings : 

defined . .1 

exits,  effect  of . 4 

generally  . j 


frame  . 

non-fireproof  . 

outside  fire  limits . 

apartment  houses : 

classification  . 

construction : 

generally  . 

details  (See  Specific  Subject.) 
specially : 

means  of  egress . 

stairways  . 


Sec. 

Chap. 

Page 

1 

4 

42 

39 

17 

345 

477 

5 

1 

9 

166 

1 

5 

45 

2 

5 

45 

1 

5 

45 

653 

5 

146 

652 

5 

144 

652 

5 

144 

652 

5 

144 

651 

5 

144 

652 

5 

144 

650 

5 

143 

653 

5 

146 

654 

5 

147 

651 

5 

144 

652 

5 

144 

652 

5 

144 

651 

5 

144 

651 

5 

144 

633-637 

5 

140 

653 

5 

146 

638 

5 

142 

655 

5 

148 

420-426 

5 

116 

193 

5 

78 

230 

5 

81 

261 

5 

90 

2 

5 

45 

160 

5 

73 

1 

5 

45 

480 

5 

121 

73 

5 

60 

480 

5 

121 

70 

5 

58 

71-73 

5 

58 

150-162 

5 

69 

153 

5 

70 

502 


INDEX. 


Building  Code — Continued: 
subj  ects — Continued: 

arches  and  lintels . 

areaways  . . 

armories : 

classification  . . 

construction : 

generally  . . 

details:  ( See  Specific  Subject.) 
ashlar  construction : 

walls  . .) 

working  stress  . ! 

assembly  halls : 

classification  .' . 

construction : 

generally  . 

details:  ( See  Specific  Subject.) 
asylums : 

classification  . 

construction  : 

generally  . 

details:  ( See  Specific  Subject.) 

balconies,  frame  . 

bath  houses : 

classification  . 

construction  : 

generally  . 

details:  ( See  Specific  Subject.) 

bay  windows : 

generally  . 

on  frame  buildings . 

beams : 

concrete,  reinforced  . .« 

iron  or  steel  construction . 

wood  construction  . : 

bearing  capacity  of  soils  and  rocks . 


bearing  walls  : 

defined  . 

construction  . i 

thickness  . j 


belt  courses,  restricted . 

bolting : 

iron  or  steel  construction 

wood  construction  . 

bracing  during  construction., 
brick: 

specification  . 

laying  . 

wetting  down  . . 


Sec. 

Chap. 

Page 

251 

5 

85 

170 

5 

74 

70 

5 

58 

71-73 

5 

58 

255 

5 

87 

51 

5 

53 

70 

5 

58 

71-73 

5 

58 

70 

5 

58 

71-73 

5 

58 

476 

5 

120 

70 

5 

58 

71-73 

5 

58 

446 

5 

119 

480 

5 

121 

335 

5 

97 

303 

5 

94 

280 

5 

91 

231 

5 

82 

250 

5 

85 

251 

5 

85 

257 

5 

88 

170 

5 

74 

307 

5 

95 

282 

5 

92 

251 

5 

85 

23 

5 

51 

252 

5 

86 

251 

5 

85 

INDEX. 


ilding  Code — Continued : 
subjects — Continued: 
brick  masonry : 

Sec. 

Chap. 

Page 

generally  . 

252 

5 

86 

foundation  walls  . 

.  „  r  •  .j 

236 

5 

84 

weight  . 

. . . .  .1 

21 

5 

50 

working  stress  . 

building  materials  : 

51 

5 

53 

compression,  table  . . 

...... 

51 

5 

53 

factors  of  safety . 

50 

5 

53 

quality  . 

20 

5 

50 

safe  carrying  capacity . 

52,  53 

5 

55 

shear  . 

specifications  for : 

51 

5 

53 

brick  . 

23 

5 

51 

cement  . 

26 

5 

51 

concrete  . 

28 

5 

51 

hollow  building  blocks . 

29 

5 

52 

iron  and  steel . 

30 

5 

52 

lime  . 

25 

5 

51 

mortar  . . 

27 

5 

51 

rivets  . . 

306 

5 

95 

sand  . 

24 

5 

51 

timber  . 

strength : 

31 

5 

53 

columns  and  compression  members _ 

52 

5 

55 

computations  . 

50 

5 

53 

tension,  table  . 

51 

5 

53 

tests  . 

22 

5 

50 

weights  . 

21 

5 

50 

working  stresses . . 

buildings  of  a  public  character: 

51,52 

5 

53 

defined  . 

490 

5 

122 

classified  . . 

construction  : 

70 

5 

58 

generally  . 

details:  ( See  Specific  Subjects.) 
specially : 

71-73 

5 

58 

aisles  and  passageways . 

491 

5 

122 

public  safety  . 

building  stone  : 

490 

5 

122 

weights . . 

21 

5 

50 

working  stresses  . 

51 

5 

53 

bulkhead,  roof  . 

bureau  of  buildings : 

426 

5 

117 

employees,  right  of  entry . 

jurisdiction : 

10 

5 

49 

generally  . 

details:  ( See  Specific  Subjects.) 

3 

5 

46 

504 


INDEX. 


Building  Code — Continued: 
sub  j  ects — Continued : 
business  buildings : 

Sec. 

Chap. 

Page 

defined  . 

construction : 

.  70 

5 

58 

generally  . 

details:  ( See  Specific  Subjects.) 
car  barns : 

.  71-73 

5 

58 

classification  . 

construction : 

.  70 

5 

58 

generally  . 

details:  {See.  Specific  Subjects.) 

.  71-73 

5 

58 

ceilings  of  cellars,  residence  buildings . 

cellars : 

.  440 

5 

118 

ceilings  . 

.  440 

5 

118 

drainage  . 

.  198 

5 

78 

floors  . 

.  441 

5 

119 

partitions  . 

.  442 

5 

119 

cement,  specification  . 

.  26 

5 

51 

cement  mortar,  specification . 

.  27 

5 

51 

chases  in  walls . 

chimneys : 

construction : 

.  261 

5 

90 

generally  . 

.  390-392 

5 

110 

fireproofing  . 

.  392 

5 

111 

maintenance  . 

churches : 

.  392 

5 

111 

classification  . 

construction : 

70 

5 

58 

generally  . 

details:  {See  Specific  Subjects.) 

. j  71-73 

5 

58 

clay,  bearing  capacity . 

club  houses : 

. .1  231 

5 

82 

classification  . 

construction : 

. j  70 

5 

58 

generally  . 

details:  {See  Specific  Subjects.) 
coal  pockets : 

. .i  71-73 

5 

58 

classification  . 

construction : 

5 

58 

generally  . .<  71-73 

details:  {See  Specific  Subject,  Building  Code.) 

colleges : 

5 

58 

classification  . 

construction : 

. 4  70 

5 

58 

generally  .  71-73 

details:  {See  Specific  Subject,  Building  Code.) 
column  bases : 

5 

58 

iron  or  steel  construction . 

302 

5 

93 

wood  construction  . 

. J  2S1 

5 

91 

505 


INDEX. 


Building  Code — Continued: 
subjects — Continued: 

columns  and  compression  members : 
classification : 

Sec. 

Chap. 

Page 

cast  iron  . 

300 

5 

92 

concrete,  reinforced  . 

337 

5 

98 

steel  . . . 

301 

5 

93 

wood  . 

connecting  and  framing : 

281 

5 

91 

generally  . 

304 

5 

94 

bolting  . 

307 

5 

95 

riveting  . 

306 

5 

95 

unsupported  lengths  . 

52 

5 

55 

fireproofing  . 

311 

5 

96 

loads  . 

53 

5 

56 

painting  . .1 

specifications : 

310 

5 

95 

quality  . 

30 

5 

52 

working  stresses  . 

concrete : 

specification : 

51 

5 

53 

generally  . 

28 

5 

51 

reinforced  construction  . 

332 

5 

97 

weight  . 

21 

5 

50 

working  stress  . 

concrete  construction : 

51 

5 

53 

compression  and  fiber  stress . 

51 

5 

53 

concrete  specification  . 

28 

5 

51 

floor  arches  . 

354 

5 

101 

foundations  . 

234 

5 

83 

hollow  building  block . 

reinforced :  ( See  Reinforced  Concrete  Con¬ 

struction.) 

29 

5 

52 

safe  load  . 

51 

5 

53 

weight  . 

21 

5 

50 

working  stress  . 

convents : 

51 

5 

53 

classification  . 

construction : 

70 

5 

58 

generally  . 

details:  ( See  Specific  Subjects.) 

71-73 

5 

58 

cornices  . 

422 

5 

116 

corrosion,  protection  of  metal  work  against . : 

court  houses : 

310 

5 

95 

classification  . . . 

construction : 

70 

5 

58 

generally  . 

details:  ( See  Specific  Subject.) 

71-73 

5 

58 

courts,  layo'ut  of . 

135 

5 

68 

curtain  walls  . 

257 

5 

88 

506 


INDEX . 


Building  Code — Continued: 
subjects — Continued: 
dance  halls : 

Sec. 

Chap. 

Page 

classification  . 

construction : 

70 

5 

58 

generally  . 

details:  ( See  Specific  Subject.) 
dangerous  buildings : 

.  71-73 

5 

58 

closing  abutting  streets . 

638 

5 

142 

emergency  fund  to  secure . 

639 

5 

143 

safeguarding  temporarily  . 

638 

5 

142 

vacating  . 

demolishing  buildings : 

638 

5 

142 

generally  . 

1 

5 

45 

notice  must  precede . 

3 

5 

46 

safeguarding  wo'rk  . 

depots,  passenger  or  freight : 

200 

5 

79 

classification  . 

construction : 

70 

5 

58 

generally  . 

details:  (See  Specific  Subjects.) 
diagrams  showing  location  of  proposed  buildings : 

.  71-73 

5 

58 

required  . 

3 

5 

46 

must  be  adhered  to . 

doors: 

4 

5 

47 

arches  and  lintels  of . 

251 

5 

85 

fireproof  buildings  . • . 

,  356 

5 

104 

fireproof,  when  required . . 

dormitories : 

375 

5 

108 

classification  . . 

construction : 

70 

5 

58 

generally  . 

details:  ( See  Specific  Subjects.) 

71-73 

5 

58 

drying  rooms  . , 

398 

5 

114 

dumb  waiter  shafts . . 

dwellings : 
defined : 

373 

5 

106 

classification  . . 

construction : 

70 

5 

58 

generally  . . 

details:  (See  Specific  Subjects.) 
elevator  shafts : 

71-73 

5 

58 

enclosure  . 

373 

5 

106 

gates  and  trapdoors . 

374 

5 

108 

elevators  . 

,  560  568 

5 

134 

enforcement  . 

enlarging  buildings : 

,  650  655 

5 

143 

fire  limit  restrictions . 

92 

5 

66 

fireproof  construction  required . 

excavations  for  new  buildings  : 

73 

5 

60 

protection  of  adjoining  property . < 

i  230 

5 

81 

safeguarding  generally  . 

230 

5 

81 

507 


INDEX. 


Sec. 

Chap. 

Page 

Building  Code — Continued: 
subjects — Continued : 

exhibition  buildings : 

classification  . 

70 

5 

58 

construction  . 

71-73 

5 

58 

exit  facilities : 

generally  . 

150-162 

5 

69 

buildings  of  a  public  character . 

490 

5 

122 

motion  picture  theatres . 

503 

5 

124 

theatres  . 

527 

5 

128 

exterior  stairways  . 

154 

5 

72 

factories : 

classification  . 

70 

5 

58 

construction : 

generally  . 

71-73 

5 

58 

details:  ( See  Specific  Subjects.) 

factors  of  safety . 

50 

5 

53 

fences : 

generally  . 

477 

5 

120 

partition  . 

210 

5 

79 

fire-escapes  . 

162 

5 

74 

fire-extinguishing  appliances  . j 

580.  581 

5 

136 

fire  houses : 

classification  . 

70 

5 

58 

construction : 

generally  . ^ 

71-73 

5 

58 

details:  ( See  Specific  Subjects.) 
fire  limits : 

Bronx  . 

90 

5 

61 

Brooklyn  . 

90 

5 

62 

Manhattan  . 

90 

5 

60 

Queens  . 

90 

5 

63 

suburban  . 

91 

5 

64 

fire  places  . 

393 

5 

112 

fire  prevention ;  fire  stops  : 

iron  or  steel  construction . 

311 

5 

96 

wood  construction  . 

284 

5 

92 

fireproof  construction: 
approvals : 

existing,  continued  . 

358 

5 

104 

new  materials  and  forms  of  construction... 

358 

5 

104 

buildings  now  under  construction,  exempt . 

358 

5 

104 

exterior  walls  and  piers . 

350 

5 

99 

fireproofing  materials  . 

351 

5 

99 

floor  openings  . 

354 

5 

101 

interior  finish  . 

356 

5 

104 

iron  and  steel  members;  construction  and  fire-* 

proofing  . . 

351 

5 

99 

masonry  work . . 

352 

5 

101 

materials  now  fabricated,  use . 

358 

5 

104 

partitions  . 

355 

5 

103 

508 


INDEX. 


Sec. 

Chap. 

Page 

Building  Code — Continued: 
subjects — Continued: 

fireproof  construction — Continued: 

reinforced  concrete  construction . 

.  353 

5 

101 

roofs  . 

.  354 

5 

101 

windows,  exterior  . 

.  357 

5 

104 

fireproof  shutters  and  doors . 

.  375 

5 

108 

fire  stops,  frame  buildings . 

5 

92 

fire  towers  . 

.  155 

5 

72 

floor  lights  . 

.  444 

5 

119 

floor  loads : 

generally  . 

.  53 

5 

56 

stores,  factories,  warehouses . 

.  -55 

5 

57 

floor  openings,  safeguarding . 

.  195 

5 

78 

floors : 

brick  arch . 

.  354 

5 

101 

cellar  . 

.  441 

5 

118 

concrete  arch . 

.  354 

5 

101 

concrete  fillers  . 

.  336 

5 

98 

construction  safeguards  . 

.  195,196 

5 

78 

fireproof  . 

.  354 

5 

101 

hollow  tile  . 

.  354 

5 

101 

loads : 

generally  . 

.  53 

5 

56 

factories,  warehouses  . 

.  55 

5 

57 

safeguards  during  construction... . 

.  195.196 

5 

78 

tile  or  slab . . . . . . . . 

.  354 

5 

101 

flues  . . . 

.  392-396 

5 

111 

footings,  pressure  under.. . 

.  233 

5 

82 

foundations : 

generally  . . 

5 

82 

excavations  for . . . 

5 

81 

footings  . . . . 

5 

82 

piers  and  caissons . 

5 

83 

pile  . . . . . . 

.  235 

5 

83 

protection  of  metal  work  in . 

.  232 

5 

82 

retaining  walls  . . . 

.  237 

5 

85 

soil  and  rock  bearing  capacities ......... 

.  231 

5 

82 

foundation  walls  . . . 

.  236 

5 

84 

foundry  cupolas  . 

.  395 

5 

113 

frame  buildings : 

defined  . 

.  71 

5 

58 

alterations  . . 

.  480 

5 

121 

area  . . . 

.  471 

5 

119 

filling  in  walls . 

.  473 

5 

120 

generally  . 

.  472 

5 

119 

fire  limit  restrictions . 

.  90, 91 

5 

60 

height  . 

.  470 

5 

119 

masonry  walls  . 

.  481 

5 

122 

minor  structures  . 

.  477 

5 

120 

miscellaneous  . 

.  479 

5 

121 

509 


INDEX. 


Building  Code — Continued: 

Sec. 

Chap. 

Page 

subj  ects — C  ontinued : 

frame  buildings — Continued: 

moving  . 

94 

5 

66 

permitted  to  be  added  to  frame  row . 

96 

5 

66 

piazzas  . . 

476 

5 

120 

repair  of  damaged . 

93 

5 

66 

roofing  . 

474 

5 

120 

suburban  fire  limits . 

91 

5 

64 

temporary  . 

478 

5 

121 

towers  . 

475 

5 

120 

within  fire  limits . 

96 

5 

66 

framing  or  connecting,  iron  or  steel  construction.. 

304 

5 

94 

freezing  of  masonry . 

251 

5 

85 

furring  in  walls . 

262 

5 

90 

garages : 

defined  . 

2 

5 

46 

classification  . 

70 

5 

58 

construction : 

generally  . 

71-73 

5 

58 

details:  ( See  Garages.) 

gas  appliances  . 

.  600-603 

5 

137 

girders : 

iron  or  steel . 

303 

5 

94 

wood  . 

280 

5 

91 

grain  elevators : 

classification  . 

70 

5 

58 

construction  . 

.  71-73 

5 

58 

gravel,  bearing  capacity . . 

231 

5 

82 

grillage  beams  . 

233 

5 

83 

gutters,  roof  . . 

422 

5 

116 

hallways  . 

157 

5 

73 

hard  pan,  bearing  capacity . . 

231 

5 

82 

heating  appliances  . . 

.  390-404 

5 

110 

height : 

defined  . 

2 

5 

46 

raising  or  lowering  to  grade . . 

623 

5 

139 

height  of  wall,  defined . 

250 

5 

85 

hoistways,  protection  of . . . 

374 

5 

108 

hollow  brick  masonry  . 

254 

5 

87 

hollow  brick,  wall  lining . 

262 

5 

90 

hollow  building  blocks : 

classes  and  specifications . 

29 

5 

52 

fireproof  construction  . . 

351 

5 

99 

masonry  construction  . . 

254 

5 

87 

partitions  . 

355 

5 

103 

hollow  walls  . 

260 

5 

90 

horizontal  exits  . 

156 

5 

72 

hospitals : 

classification  . 

.1  70 

5 

58 

generally  . . 

.  71-73 

5 

58 

details:  ( See  Specific  Subjects.) 

510 


INDEX. 


Building  Code — Continued: 
subjects — Continued: 

Sec. 

Chap. 

Page 

hot  air  heating . 

400-402 

5 

114 

hot  water  heating. . . 

404 

5 

115 

hot  water  pipes  . 

hotels : 

404 

5 

115 

classification  .... 
construction : 

70 

5 

58 

generally  . . . . 
details :  ( See 

Code.) 

Specific 

Subj  ects, 

Building 

71-73 

5 

58 

inclosure  walls  . 

iron  and  steel  construction : 

257 

5 

88 

interior  stairways  . . . 

153 

5 

70 

beams  . 

303 

5 

94 

bolting  . 

307 

5 

95 

column  bases  . . . . 

302 

5 

93 

cast  iron  . . . 

300 

5 

92 

steel  . 

301 

5 

93 

connecting  . 

304 

5 

94 

corrosion,  safeguard  . 

310 

5 

95 

fireproofing  . 

311 

5 

96 

framing  . 

304 

5 

94 

girders  . 

303 

5 

94 

lintels  . 

303 

5 

94 

materials,  specifications  . . . 

30 

5 

52 

metal  fronts  .... 

312 

5 

96 

old  material,  use 

in . 

313 

5 

96 

riveting  . 

306 

5 

95 

templates  . 

309 

5 

95 

tie  rods  . 

308 

5 

95 

trusses  . 

305 

5 

94 

working  stresses 
j  ails : 

. 1 

51,52 

5 

53 

classification  . 

construction : 

70 

5 

58 

generally  _ 

details :  ( See 

Code.) 

laboratories : 

Specific 

Subj  ects, 

Building 

71-73 

5 

58 

classification  . 

construction  : 

70 

5 

58 

generally  . 

details :  ( See 

Code.) 

Specific 

Subj  ects, 

Building 

71-73 

5 

58 

leaders,  roof . . 

lecture  halls : 

423 

5 

116 

classification  . 

construction : 

70 

5 

58 

generally  . 

details :  {See 

Specific 

Subj  ects, 

Building 

71-73 

5 

58 

Code.) 


511 


INDEX. 


Building  Code — Continued : 

Sec. 

Chap. 

Page 

subj  ects — Continued : 
libraries : 

classification  . 

5 

58 

construction : 

generally  . .  .• . . 

details:  ( See  Specific  Subjects, 

Building 

5 

58 

Code.) 

light,  natural  . 

5 

67 

light  and  ventilation . 

5 

67 

light  shafts  . 

5 

106 

lime,  specification  . 

.  25 

5 

51 

lime  mortar  specification . 

.  27 

5 

51 

lining  walls  . 

lintels : 

5 

89 

iron  and  steel . 

5 

94 

masonry  . 

.  251 

5 

85 

loads,  specification  of  . . . . 

5 

56 

lodge  rooms : 

classification  . 

.  70 

5 

58 

construction : 

generally  . 

.  71-73 

5 

58 

details:  ( See  Specific  Subjects.) 
lodging  houses : 

classification  . 

.  70 

5 

58 

construction : 

generally  . 

. ,  71-73 

5 

58 

details:  ( See  Specific  Subjects.) 
lots  (building) 

defined  . 

.  212 

5 

80 

regulation  of  . 

.  212 

5 

80 

mansard  roofs  . 

.  427 

5 

118 

markets : 

classification  . 

.  70 

5 

58 

construction : 

generally  . 

.  71-73 

5 

58 

details :  ( See  Specific  Subjects.) 
masonry  construction : 

foundation  walls  . 

.  236 

5 

84 

generally  . 

.  250-263 

5 

85 

loads  . 

.  53 

5 

56 

weights  . 

.  21 

5 

50 

working  stress  . 

.  51 

5 

53 

materials : 

“  approved,”  defined  . 

.  2 

5 

45 

approval  of,  procedure . 

.  8 

5 

49 

specifications  of  . 

.  20-31 

5 

50 

maspnry  construction  . 

.  251 

5 

85 

use  of  old . 

.  313 

5 

96 

use  of  streets  for  storing . 

.  142 

23 

436 

weights  . 

.  21 

5 

50 

working  stresses  . 

.  51,52 

5 

53 

512 


INDEX. 


Building  Code — Continued: 

Sec. 

Chap. 

Page 

subj  ects — Continued : 

metal  fronts,  buildings . 

312 

5 

96 

methods  of  construction : 

“  approved,”  defined  . 

2 

5 

45 

approval,  procedure  . 

8 

5 

49 

modifications,  procedure  . 

6 

5 

49 

motion  picture  theatres . 

500-506 

5 

123 

museums : 

classification  . 

. , 

70 

5 

58 

construction : 

generally  . 

details :  ( See  Specific 

Subj  ects. 

Building 

71-73 

5 

58 

Code.) 

non-bearing  walls  . 

257 

5 

88 

non-fireproof  buildings : 

defined  . 

71 

5 

58 

alterations  . 

73 

5 

60 

new  constructions  . 

73 

5 

60 

special  fire  protection . 

73 

5 

60 

observation  towers  . . . 

479 

5 

121 

occupancy : 

determines  classification  of  building... 

70 

5 

58 

classification  of  . 

70 

5 

58 

certificates  of  . 

office  buildings : 

5 

5 

48 

classification  . 

70 

5 

58 

construction : 

generally  . 

details :  ( See  Specific 

Subj  ects, 

Building 

71-73 

5 

58 

Code.) 

on  same  plot  . 

136 

5 

68 

one-story  brick  buildings,  walls. 

257 

5 

88 

one-story  special  buildings . 

74 

5 

60 

outhouses,  frame  . 

477 

5 

120 

overloading : 

,  generally  . 

55 

5 

57 

*  during  construction . 

199 

5 

78 

parapet  walls  . 

259 

5 

90 

partition  fences  and  walls . 

210-215 

5 

79 

partitions : 

fireproof  . 

372 

5 

106 

stud  . 

. ! 

283 

5 

92 

theatres  . 

. ! 

528 

5 

131 

party  walls,  support  during  construction... 

230 

5 

81 

permits : 

application  for . 

3 

5 

46 

approval  of  . 

4 

5 

47 

amendments  . 

3 

5 

47 

filing  . 

3 

5 

47 

good  for  one  year . 

4 

5 

47 

revocation  . 

4 

5 

48 

when  required  . 

3 

5 

46 

513 


•  aq 


INDEX. 


Building  Code — Continued: 

Sec. 

Chap. 

Page 

subj  ects — Continued : 

piazzas,  frame  . 

.  476 

5 

120 

piers  (structural)  . 

.  251 

5 

85 

pile  foundations  . . 

.  235 

5 

83 

pipe  chases  in  walls . . 

.  261 

5 

90 

piping  . 

.  600-603 

5 

137 

places  of  amusement . . 

.  520-538 

5 

126 

plans  and  specifications . 

.  3 

5 

46 

platforms,  frame  . 

.  478 

5 

121 

plumbing  . 

.  600-604 

5 

137 

police  stations : 

classification  . 

.  70 

5 

58 

construction : 

generally  . 

.  71-73 

5 

58 

rooms  in  . 

.  132 

5 

67 

details:  ( See  Specific  Subjects.) 

projections  beyond  building  line . 

.  170-174 

5 

74 

public  buildings : 

defined  . 

construction : 

.  70 

5 

58 

generally  . 

details:  ( See  Specific  Subjects, 

.  71-73 

Building 

5 

58 

Code.) 

raising  or  lowering  buildings  to  grade.... 

.  623 

5 

139 

ranges,  heating  . 

.  397 

5 

113 

recess  in  walls  . 

.  261 

5 

90 

reinforced  concrete  construction : 

application,  availability . 

.  331 

5 

96 

definitions  . 

.  330 

5 

96 

concrete  composition : 

aggregate  . 

.  332 

5 

97 

mixture  . 

.  332 

5 

97 

reinforcement : 

generally  . 

.  333 

5 

97 

placing  . 

.  335 

5 

97 

protecting  . . 

.  339 

5 

99 

web  . 

.  335 

5 

97 

rules  governing  . 

.  341 

5 

99 

tests  of  loads . 

.  340 

5 

99 

units  and  details  : 

beams  . 

.  335 

5 

97 

columns  . 

.  337 

5 

98 

fillers  of  floors . 

.  336 

5 

98 

slabs  . 

.  335 

5 

97 

tee-beams  . 

.  335 

5 

97 

walls  . 

.  338 

5 

99 

use  . 

.  331 

5 

96 

working  stresses  . 

.  334 

5 

97 

repair  of  buildings : 

generally  . 

.  3 

5 

47 

frame  . 

.  93 

5 

66 

514 


INDEX. 


Sec. 

Chap. 

Page 

Building  Code — Continued: 
sub  j  ects — C on  tinned : 
residence  buildings : 

defined  . 

.  70 

5 

58 

construction : 

generally  . 

.  71-73 

5 

58 

ceilings  and  floors  of  cellars . 

.  442 

5 

118 

fireproof  . 

.  72 

5 

59 

floor  loads  . 

.  53 

5 

56 

walls  . 

.  257 

5 

88 

restaurants : 

classification  . 

.  70 

5 

58 

construction : 

generally  . 

details:  ( See  Specific  Subjects, 

.  71-73 

Building 

5 

58 

Code.) 

retaining  walls : 

excavation  supports  . 

.  230 

5 

81 

foundation  work  . . 

237 

5 

85 

regulation  of  lots . 

.  211 

5 

79 

restricted  areas  (fire  limits) . 

.  90. 91 

5 

60 

riveting  . 

.  306 

5 

95 

rock  and  stone : 

bearing  capacity  . 

.  231 

5 

82 

weight  . 

.  21 

5 

50 

working  stress  . 

.  51 

5 

53 

roofing  and  roof  structures . 

.  420-429 

5 

116 

roofs : 

generally  . 

.  421 

5 

116 

bulkheads  . . 

.  426 

5 

117 

cooling  towers  . 

.  429 

5 

118 

cornices  . 

.  422 

5 

116 

dormer  windows  . 

.  427 

5 

118 

gutters  . 

.  422 

5 

116 

houses  upon  . 

.  426 

5 

117 

leaders  . 

.  423 

5 

116 

outside  fire  limits  . 

.  474 

5 

120 

pent  houses  on . 

.  426 

5 

117 

reinforced  concrete  . 

.  354 

5 

101 

repairs  to  . 

.  421 

5 

116 

safe  loads  . 

.  53 

5 

56 

scuttles  and  ladders  to . 

.  425 

5 

117 

skylights  in  . 

.  424 

5 

116 

slanting  . 

.  427 

5 

118 

tanks  . 

.  428 

5 

118 

rubble-stone  construction  . 

.  253 

5 

87 

rules,  superintendent  of  buildings . 

.  7 

5 

49 

safe  carrying  capacity,  determining . 

.  51 

5 

53 

safeguards  against  fire . 

.  370-376 

5 

105 

515 


INDEX. 


Sec. 

Chap. 

Page 

Building  Code — Continued: 
subj  ects — Continued : 

safeguards  during  construction  or  demolition : 

adjoining  buildings  . 

193  • 

5 

78 

cellar  drainage  . 

198 

5 

78 

demolition  requirements  . 

200 

5 

79 

enforcement  of  requirements . 

190 

5 

77 

fences  . 

192 

5 

77 

fireproof  floor  construction . 

195 

5 

78 

floor  openings  . 

196 

5 

78 

overloading,  restrictions  . 

199 

5 

78 

roofs  and  skylights  of  adjoining  buildings . 

193 

5 

78 

scaffolding  . 

194 

5 

78. 

sidewalk  sheds  . 

191 

5 

77 

superintendents  of  buildings’  duties . 

190 

5 

77 

weather  protection  . 

197 

5 

78 

sand : 

bearing  capacity  . 

231 

5 

82 

specification  . 

24 

5 

51 

schools : 

classification  . 

70 

5 

58 

construction : 

generally  . 

71-73 

5 

58 

details:  ( See  Specific  Subjects,  Building 

Code.) 

scuttles,  roof  . 

425 

5 

117 

sewer  connection,  during  construction . 

198 

5 

78 

shafts,  protection  of . 

373 

5 

106 

sheds : 

generally  . . 

477 

5 

120 

over  sidewalks  during  construction . 

191 

5 

77 

show  windows,  construction . 

446 

5 

119 

shut-off  valves  . 

601 

5 

138 

shutters,  fireproof  . 

375 

5 

108 

sidewalk  sheds  . 

191 

5 

77 

skeleton  construction  (iron  or  steel) . 

300-313 

5 

92 

skylights  : 

construction,  generally  . 

424 

5 

116 

safeguarding,  adjoining  building . 

193 

5 

78 

slabs,  reinforced  concrete . 

smoke  houses : 

335 

5 

97 

classification  . 

70 

5 

58 

construction  . 

71-73 

58 

generally  . 

399 

5 

114 

smoke  pipes  . 

403 

5 

115 

soils,  bearing  capacity: 

specified  . 

231 

5 

82 

statement  of,  in  plans  for  new  buildings . 

231 

5 

82 

stables : 

classification  . 

70 

5 

58 

516 


INDEX. 


.Building  Code — Continued :  Sec.  Chap.  Page 

subj  ects — Continued : 
stables — Continued: 
construction : 


generally  . . . . 

71-73 

5 

58 

details :  ( See 
Code.) 

stairways  . 

Specific 

Subjects, 

Building 

153-155 

5 

70 

standpipes  (fire  service)  . 

581 

5 

137 

stands : 

generally  . 

478 

5 

121 

steam  heating  . 

404 

5 

115 

steel  construction  . . . . 

301-313 

5 

92 

stone  masonry: 

generally  . 

253 

5 

87 

foundation  work  . . 

236 

5 

84 

stores : 

classification  . 

70 

5 

58 

construction : 

generally  . 

71-73 

5 

58 

details :  ( See 

Code.) 

stoves,  setting  . 

Specific 

Subject, 

Building 

397 

5 

113 

studios : 

classification  . 

70 

5 

58 

construction : 

generally  . 

71-73 

5 

58 

details :  ( See 

Code.) 

stud  partitions . 

Specific 

Subj  ect, 

Building 

283 

5 

92 

suburban  fire  limits  . . . 

91 

5 

64 

tanks  (rooif)  . 

428 

5 

118 

tee-beams,  reinforced  concrete  . 

335 

5 

97 

templates  . 

309 

5 

95 

temporary  structures  . . 

478 

5 

121 

temporary  supports  . . . 

50 

5 

53 

tenement  houses : 

classification  . 

70 

5 

58 

construction : 

generally  . 

71-73 

5 

58 

theatres : 

classification  . 

70 

5 

58 

construction : 

generally  . 

71-73 

5 

58 

specifications  . 

520^538 

5 

126 

tie-rods  . 

308 

5 

95 

timber : 

specifications  . 

31 

5 

53 

weights  . 

21 

5 

50 

working  stresses  . . 

51 

5 

53 

in  walls  . 

251 

5 

85 

trusses,  iron  or  steel. . . 

305 

5 

94 

517 


INDEX. 


Building  Code — Continued: 
subjects — Continued: 
unsafe  buildings : 
abatement  of  : 

generally  . 

voluntary,  by  owner  . . 

notice : 

issue  . 

disregard  of . 

precept  to  abate: 

issue  . 

expense  of  executing . 

return  . 

reimbursement  of  city  for  executing 

record  of  . 

repair  or  removal  under  precept . 

survey  : 

notice  . 

posting  report  . 

review  by  court . 

vaults,  sidewalk  . 

vent  flues  . 

ventilation  . 

vent  shafts  . 

violations  of,  misdemeanors  . 

wainscoting  frame  buildings . 

walls : 

alcoves  in  . 

arches  . 

ashlar  . . 

bearing : 

defined  . 

thickness  . . 

bracing  during  construction  . 

brick  masonry . 

chases  in  . 

construction  . 

existing,  continued . 

fire-stops  in  . 

foundation  . 

furring  . 

height,  defined  . 

nollow  . 

hollow  brick  for  inside . 

hollow  building  block  construction  .... 

interior  . 

lining  . . . 

lintels  . 

materials  of  . 

mortar  (cement  required)  . 


Sec. 


630 

632 


631 

633 


634 

636 

637 
637 
631 

635 


633 

633 

634 
170 
401 

130-137 

373 

655 

284 

261 

251 

263 

255 

250 

257 

251 

252 
261 
251 

258 
262 
236 
262 

250 
260 
262 
254 

257 

258 

251 
251 

256 


Chap.  Page 


5  140 

5  140 


5  140 

5  140 


5  141 

5  142 

5  142 

5  142 

5  140 

5  141 


5  140 

5  140 

5  141 

5  74 

5  114 

5  67 

,5  106 

5  148 

5  92 


5  90 

5  85 

5  91 

5  87 

5  85 

5  88 

5  85 

5  86 

5  90 

5  85 

5  89 

5  90 

5  84 

5  90 

5  85 

5  90 

5  90 

5  87 

5  88 

5  89 

5  85 

5  85 

5  87 


518 


INDEX. 


Building  Code — Continued: 
subj  ects — Continued : 
walls — Continued: 

Sec. 

Chap. 

Page 

nom-bearing  . 

5 

88 

one-story  brick  building  . . 

25  7 

5 

88 

parapet  . . 

259 

5 

90 

pipe  chases  in  . 

261 

5 

90 

public  buildings  . 

257 

5 

88 

recesses  and  chases  in  . 

261 

5 

90 

reinforced  concrete  . 

338 

5 

99 

thickness  . 

257 

5 

88 

timber  in  . 

251 

5 

85 

warehouses : 

classification  . 

70 

5 

58 

construction : 

generally  . 

details  ( See  Specific  Subjects.) 

. . . .  71-73 

5 

58 

water-proofing  . 

443 

5 

119 

weather  protection  . 

197 

5 

78 

weights  of  materials . 

21 

5 

50 

wind  pressure  . 

54 

5 

57 

wood  construction  . 

....  280-284 

5 

91 

working  stresses : 

generally  . 

51 

5 

53 

reinforced  concrete  work . 

334 

5 

97 

wrecked  buildings,  recovery  of  bodies  from . 

638 

5 

142 

Building  line,  projections  beyond . 

Building  materials : 

....  170-174 

5 

74 

compression  (tables)  . 

50-51 

5 

53 

factors  of  safety . 

50 

5 

53 

discharging  cargo  of . 

64 

8 

162 

fibre  stress  (tables)  . 

51 

5 

53 

mortar  mixing  in  streets . 

142 

23 

436 

obstruction  of  streets  by . 

...  140-142 

23 

436 

removal  from  streets . 

142 

23 

436 

safe  carrying  capacity . 

53 

5 

56 

safeguarding  streets,  obstructing . 

3 

23 

422 

shear  (tables)  . 

51 

5 

53 

specifications  for : 

brick  . ' . 

23 

5 

52 

cement  . . 

26 

5 

51 

concrete  . 

28 

5 

51 

hollow  building  blocks . 

.  29 

5 

52 

iron  and  steel . 

30 

5 

52 

lime  . 

25 

5 

51 

mortar  . 

27 

5 

51 

rivets  . 

306 

5 

95 

sand  . 

24 

5 

51 

timber  . 

31 

5 

53 

519 


INDEX. 


Building  materials — Continued : 
strength : 

Sec. 

Chap. 

Page 

columns  and  compression  members . 

52 

5 

55 

computations  . 

50 

5 

53 

factors  of  safety . 

50 

5 

53 

working  stresses . 

51 

5 

53 

tension  (tables)  . 

51 

5 

53 

tests  . 

22 

5 

50 

weights  . 

21 

5 

50 

working  stresses  (tables) . 

Building  projections:  ( See  Projections  and  Encroachments.) 
Building  stone: 

51,52 

5 

53 

compression  . 

51 

5 

53 

factor  of  safety . 

50 

5 

53 

fiber  stresses  . 

51 

5 

53 

weight  . 

Buildings  and  structures : 
adjoining,  protection  of: 

21 

5 

50 

against  excavations  . 

230 

5 

81 

during  construction  or  alteration . 

190-200 

5 

77 

agents  to  receive  notices  affecting . 

alteration : 

653 

5 

146 

generally  . 

137 

5 

69 

permit  required  . 

area-ways : 

3 

5 

46 

construction  . 

170 

5 

74 

{ 

160, 161 

23 

444 

safeguarding  . 

161 

23 

444 

ashes  and  cinders  of,  disposition . 

212 

20 

392 

basement  exits  . 

bay  windows : 

152 

5 

69 

construction  . 

446 

5 

120 

restrictions  . 

boiler  rooms : 

170 

5 

74 

manhole  ladders  to  sidewalk . 

152 

5 

69 

business  buildings,  defined . 

70 

5 

58 

cellar  doors  and  steps . 

164 

23 

444 

classification  . 

70 

5 

58 

conditions  prejudicial  to  life  or  health . 

construction  :  ( See  Building  Code.) 

51-54 

20 

363 

courts  . 

135 

5 

68 

damaged,  repair  of . 

93 

.5 

66 

dangerous,  safeguarding  . 

demolishing:  ( See  Building  Code.) 

638,  639 

5 

142 

dust,  escape  from  . 

212 

20 

392 

dwelling  (private),  classified . 

70 

5 

58 

election  booths  . 

electric  wiring  and  appliances  (light,  heat  and  power)  : 

478 

5 

121 

definitions  . 

construction:  ( See  Specific  Subject.) 

1 

9 

166 

controlled  by  . 

2 

9 

167 

520 


INDEX. 


Sec. 

Chap. 

Page 

Buildings  and  structures — Continued: 

electric  wiring  and  appliances  (light,  heat  and  power)  — 

Continued: 

generally  . 

6 

9 

168 

in  city  buildings  . 

4 

9 

167 

in  Federal  buildings . 

3 

9 

167 

inspection : 

authorized  . 

10 

9 

169 

certificate  . 

11 

9 

169 

inspectors,  right  of  entry . 

10 

9 

169 

restrictions  as  to . 

6 

9 

168 

rules  and  regulations . 

2 

9 

167 

use : 

supplying  current  . 

12 

9 

169 

discontinuing  current  . 

13 

9 

169 

•elevators : 

freight  . 

560-568 

5 

134 

gates  and  trap  doors . 

374 

5 

108 

inspection  and  regulation . 

562,  565 

5 

135 

runners  . 

567 

5 

136 

enlarging,  within  fire  limits . 

92 

5 

66 

excavations  for  . 

230 

5 

81 

exit  facilities : 

generally  . . 

150-162 

5 

73 

motion  picture  theatres . 

503 

5 

124 

places  of  public  character . 

490 

5 

122 

theatres  . 

527 

5 

128 

exterior  openings  in,  protection  of . 

375 

5 

108 

fallen  . 

638 

5 

142 

fences  . 

477 

5 

12C 

fire  alarm : 

connection  with  fire  department . 

20 

12 

301 

interior  . 

21 

12 

301 

fire  escapes : 

generally  . 

162 

5 

74 

motion  picture  theatres . 

503 

5 

124 

theatres  . 

527 

5 

128 

ifire  extinguishing  appliances : 

generally  . 

580 

5 

136 

automatic  sprinklers  . 

580 

5 

136 

asylums  . 

20 

12 

301 

buildings  of  public  character . 

20 

12 

301 

factories  . 

20 

12 

301 

generally  . 

20 

12 

301 

hazardous  trades  (specified) . 

1 

10 

232 

hotels  . 

20 

12 

301 

motion  picture  theatres . 

36 

3 

37 

sprinklers  . 

580 

5 

136 

standpipes  . 

581 

5 

137 

theatres  . 

524 

5 

127 

521 


INDEX. 


Buildings  and  structures — Continued: 

fire  limits  . . 

fireproof  . 

fireproof  shutters  and  doors . 

floor  capacities : 

business  buildings  . . 

generally  . 

floor  lights  . 

flues,  smoke  . 

frame : 

defined  . 

construction  or  alteration : 

generally  . 

residence  in  frame  row . 

enlarging  . . . 

moving  . 

repairing : 

ordinary  . 

fire  damage . 

gas  appliances,  installation . 

heating  facilities: 

generally  . 

motion  picture  houses . 

theatres  . . . 

height : 

defined  . 

hoistways  to  be  safeguarded . 

imminently  perilous,  safeguarding . 

lighting  : 

adequacy  . 

motion  picture  shows . 

theatres  . 

live  or  variable  loads : 

defined  . 

specified  . 

lot  area  of,  reduction . 

lowering : 

to  grade  . 

maintenance : 

ceilings  and  walls . . 

lights,  ventilation  and  sanitation . 

roof-tanks  . 

roofs  and  skylights . 

motion  picture  theatres : 

construction  . 

maintenance  . 

moving : 

frame  . 

through  streets  . 

non-fireproof  defined  . 

notice  affecting,  duty  of  agents  or  occupants 

522 


Sec. 

Chap. 

Page 

90,91 

5 

60 

350-358 

5 

99 

375 

5 

108 

55 

5 

57 

53 

5 

56 

444 

5 

119 

392 

5 

111 

71 

5 

58 

470-481 

5 

119 

96 

5 

66 

92 

5 

66 

94 

5 

66 

3 

5 

46 

93 

5 

66 

600 

5 

137 

390-404 

5 

110 

37 

3 

37 

525 

5 

127 

2 

5 

46 

374 

5 

108 

638 

5 

142 

52 

20 

365 

38 

3 

37 

526 

5 

127 

53 

5 

56 

53 

5 

56 

136 

5 

68 

623 

5 

139 

60 

20 

367 

51-54 

20 

365 

61 

20 

367 

59 

20 

367 

500-506 

5 

123 

30-44 

3 

35 

94 

5 

66 

144 

23 

438 

71 

5 

58 

653 

5 

146 

INDEX. 


Sec. 

Chap. 

Page 

Buildings  and  structures — Continued: 
nuisance  in  or  about : 

abatement  . . . 

.  *53 

•  20 

366 

prohibited  . 

.  183 

20 

390 

responsibility  for  . 

.  51 

20 

365 

numbering  . . 

.  110  113 

23 

433 

occupancy : 

determines  construction  classification . 

.  70 

5 

58 

regulated  . 

.  5 

5 

48 

odors  from  . 

20 

392 

office  building : 

classified,  building  construction . 

.  70 

5 

58 

on  same  lot  or  plot . 

.  136 

5 

68 

open-air  motion  picture  theatres : 

construction  . 

506 

5 

125 

maintenance  . 

30-44 

3 

35 

orders  affecting,  duty  of  agents  or  occupants . 

653 

5 

146 

outhouses  . 

.  477 

5 

12C 

overloading : 

generally  . 

55 

5 

57 

during  construction  . 

199 

5 

78 

piazzas  . 

476 

5 

12C 

plans  and  specifications  for : 

approval  .  .  . 

4 

5 

47 

compliance  with  . 

4 

5 

47 

owner’s  authorization  . . 

3 

5 

46 

preparation  and  filing . 

.  3 

5 

46 

projections  into  street  from . 

.  170-174 

5 

74 

public : 

application  of  Building  Code . 

.  1 

5 

45 

defined  . 

.  70 

5 

58 

raising : 

to  grade  . 

.  623 

5 

130 

repairs : 

ordinary  . 

.  4 

5 

47 

fire  damage  . 

.  93 

5 

66 

residence  buildings,  defined . 

.  70 

5 

58 

restricted  areas,  fire  limits . 

.  90, 91 

5 

60 

right  of  entry,  building  bureau  employees . 

.  10 

5 

49 

sanitary  condition,  responsibility  for . 

.  51  54 

20 

365 

sewer  facilities,  adequacy . 

.  52 

20 

366 

shafts,  protection  of . 

.  373 

5 

106 

show-windows  . 

.  446 

5 

119 

smoke  nuisance  . . . 

.  211 

20 

392 

steam  escaping  . 

20 

392 

strength,  sufficiency  . 

. . . . .  52 

20 

365 

suburban  fire  limits . 

.  91 

5 

64 

temporary  supports  . 

.  50 

5 

53 

theatres,  places  of  amusement : 

construction  . 

......  520-538 

5 

126 

maintenance  . 

.  1-13 

3 

30 

523 


INDEX. 


Sec. 

Chap. 

Page 

Buildings  and  structures — Continued: 

unsafe  . 

630-639 

5 

140 

vaults,  under  sidewalks . 

240-244 

23 

453 

ventilation : 

generally  . 

52 

20 

365 

motion  picture  shows . 

39 

3 

37 

windows,  bay,  oriel  or  show: 

construction  . 

446 

5 

119 

wind  pressure  . 

54 

5 

57 

Buildings  of  a  public  character: 

defined  . 

490 

5 

122 

classified  . 

71 

5 

58 

construction  of  future . 

72 

5 

55 

heating  and  lighting . 

55 

20 

366 

light  and  ventilation . . . 

132 

5 

67 

maintenance : 

aisles  and  passageways . 

491 

5 

122 

cleanliness  . 

55 

20 

366 

public  safety  . 

490 

5 

122 

Bulkhead  (marine),  included  in  “water  front  property”.... 

1 

1 

9 

Bulkhead  (roof)  construction . 

426 

5 

117 

Bureau : 

1 

1 

r 

designation  of  acting  head . 

7 

1 

13 

Bureau  of  buildings : 

employees  : 

immunity,  Building  Code  enforcements . 

652 

5 

144 

jurisdiction,  generally . 

4 

5 

47 

publications  and  reports,  copies  for  municipal  re¬ 

search  library  . 

10 

1 

13 

right  of  entry  of . 

10 

5 

49 

right  of  way  of  vehicles  of . 

15 

24 

460 

sales  of  waste  material . 

11 

1 

13 

seal  . 

9 

5 

49 

speed  of  vehicles . 

17 

24 

463 

Bureau  of  weights  and  measures : 

bonds  of  commissioner  and  inspectors . 

270 

2 

29 

organization ;  jurisdiction  . . 

1-35 

26 

474 

Burglar  alarms,  installation . 

685 

9 

228 

Burrs  and  fins,  electrical  fixtures . 

577a 

9 

223 

Burying  grounds : 

establishing,  permit  necessary . 

45 

20 

364 

interments  in  . 

45 

20 

364 

opening,  exposing  or  disturbing  graves  in . 

45 

20 

364 

Busbars,  installation  . 

202b 

9 

171 

Bushings,  electrical :  ( See  Electrical  Code.) 

Business  buildings : 

defined  . 

70 

5 

58 

construction : 

details:  ( See  Specific  Subjects.) 


524 


INDEX. 


C. 

Sec.  Chap.  Page 

Cabinets,  electrical:  ( See  Electrical  Code.) 

Cabs:  ( See  Hacks,  Cabs  and  Taxicabs.) 

Caisson  disease  (compressed  air  illness),  reports  concerning.  92  20  371 

Calcium  carbide: 

manufacture,  storage  and  sale: 

permit  required  .  205  10  274 

fee  .  43  10  240 

requirements : 

containers  .  206  10  274 

signs  on  buildings  containing .  206  10  274 

storage  . 206  10  274 

restrictions  .  207  10  274 

Calves : 

dressed,  defined  .  160  20  386 

slaughtering : 

age  restriction  .  160  20  386 

permit  required .  325  20  407 

restricted  in  Manhattan .  326  20  407 

Camps,  living  or  sleeping  in .  217  20  393 

Canal  boats : 

defined  .  1  8  154 

exclusion  of  other  vessels  from  canal-boat  reservations.  17  8  156 

water  front  property  reserved  fo'r .  13  8  155 

Cannabis  indica: 

label  statement  . .1  116  20  374 

distribution  or  sale .  126  20  377 

Cannon,  firing  of .  4  11  297 

Car  barns : 

classification  .  70  5  58 

construction : 

generally  ...-. .  71—73  5  58 

details.  (See  Specific  Subject.) 

Carbolic  acid,  retail  trade  restricted .  123  20  376 

Carbon  monoxide,  report  of  poisoning  by .  92  20  371 

Carbonated  beverages :  (See  Gases  Under  Pressure.) 

Cards,  circulars,  hand  bills,  etc. : 
distribution  in : 

mail  boxes  .  15  22  418 

parks  .  13  17  342 

streets  .  15  22  418 

vestibules  .  15  22  418 

Cargo : 

discharge  of  : 

generally  . .)  60  8  161 

health  department  permit  . I  358  20  412 

gravel  and  sand . I  64  8  162 

inflammable  material  .  63  8  162 

lumber  and  brick .  61  8  161 

manure  and  other  offensive  matter .  62  8  162 

mode  .  61  8  161 


525 


INDEX. 


Carousel : 

a  common  show . 

an  amusement  device . 

construction  . 

inspection  . 

license,  fee  . 

Carpets,  beating  or  shaking . .♦ 

Carriageways,  acro'ss  sidewalks . 

Carroll  street  bridge  (Brooklyn) . 

Carrying  capacity,  electrical  wires  and  appliances:  (Sed 
Electrical  Code.) 

Cartmen,  licenses  required  for . 

Cartridges,  manufacture  prohibited . 

Carts  :  ( See  Public  Carts.) 

Cast  iron: 

columns  and  compression  members . • 

specification  of  quality . 

working  stresses  . i 

Cast  steel : 

columns  and  compression  members . : 

specification  o'f  quality . 

working  stresses  . 

Cattle,  sheep  and  swine : 

condemnation  and  destruction  of  diseased . 

contagiously  diseased;  keeping  or  importing . 

cruel  treatment  in  transporting . 

defined  . 

driving  or  herding  in  streets . 

feeding  . 

impounding  . 

inspection  . 

keeping  or  yarding . 

killing  feverish  or  overheated . 

slaughtering : 

cooling  and  dressing . 

permit  required  . 

restricted  in  Manhattan . 

stray,  care  of . 

transportation  of,  vehicular . . . 

ventilation  of  pens  or  stables . 

watering  . 

yarding  . 

Ceiling  rosettes,  electrical;  construction . 

Ceilings : 

cellar  . 

maintenance  of  . 

motion  picture  theatres . 

Cellar : 

defined  . 

ceilings  . j 

drainage  during  construction . 


Sec. 

Chap. 

Page 

60 

3 

40 

560 

5 

134 

-563 

5 

134 

565 

5 

135 

61 

3 

40 

253 

20 

400 

184 

23 

447 

1 

4 

43 

1 

14 

307 

80 

10 

253 

52 

5 

55 

30 

5 

52 

52 

5 

55 

52 

5 

55 

30 

5 

52 

52 

5 

55 

137 

20 

379 

4 

20 

358 

15 

20 

36C 

1 

20 

355 

32 

24 

464 

14 

20 

360 

2 

27 

481 

136 

20 

379 

11 

20 

359 

161 

20 

386 

162 

20 

386 

325 

20 

407 

326 

20 

407 

2 

27 

48] 

15 

20 

36C 

14 

20 

36C 

14 

20 

36C 

11 

20 

359 

571 

9 

220 

440 

5 

118 

60 

20 

367 

502 

5 

123 

1 

20 

355 

440 

5 

118 

198 

5 

78 

526 


INDEX. 


Sec. 

Chap. 

Page 

Cellar — Continued: 

floors  . . 

441 

5 

118 

partitions  . 

442 

5 

118 

sleeping  in,  prohibited . . . 

54 

20 

366 

62 

20 

367 

Cellar  doors  and  steps : 

general  provisions  . 

164 

23 

444 

on  park  streets . 

60 

17 

347 

removal  of  unauthorized.. . 

168 

23 

445 

punishment  for  violations . 

170 

23 

445 

Cement,  specification  . 

26 

5 

51 

Cement  mortar,  specification . 

27 

5 

51 

Cemeteries : 

establishing,  permit  required . 

45 

20 

364 

interments  . 

45 

20 

364 

opening,  exposing  or  disturbing  graves . 

45 

20 

364 

Cerebro-spinal  meningitis,  cases  to  be  reported . 4 

.  86 

20 

369 

Certificate  of  approval  (Explosives  and  hazardous  trades)  : 

defined  . 

1 

10 

233 

fee  for  . 

42 

10 

239 

issue  of  . 

22 

10 

238 

renewal  . . 

26 

10 

238 

revocation  . 

26 

10 

238 

when  required:  ( See  Specific  Substance,  Fluid  or  Gas.) 


Certificate  of  fitness  (explosives  and  hazardous  trades)  : 


defined  . 

1 

10 

233 

fee  for  . j 

42 

10 

239 

inspection  of  . 

27 

10 

238 

issue  of  . j 

21 

10 

237 

renewal  . 

26 

10 

238 

revocation  . i 

26 

10 

238 

when  required:  ( See  Specific  Business  or  Trade.) 

Certificate  of  inspection  (Electrical  Control)  : 

defined  . 

1 

9 

166 

application  for  . 

7 

9 

168 

issue,  modification,  suspension  or  revocation . 

11 

9 

169 

prerequisite  to  turning  on  of  electric  current. . 

12 

9 

169 

Certificate  of  registration  (Explosives  and  hazardous  trades) 
defined  . 

1 

10 

233 

fee  . 

42 

10 

239 

issue  of  . 

23 

10 

238 

renewal  or  revocation  of . i 

26 

10 

238 

Cesspools,  care  and  maintenance  of . i 

235-237 

20 

395 

Chamberlain,  bond  of . . . j 

270 

2 

28 

Chandeliers,  cutouts  for  electric . 

423  d 

9 

182 

Charities  (public)  : 

institutions,  admission  to . 

1 

6 

149 

libraries  . 

3 

6 

149 

527 


INDEX. 


Charities  (public) — Continued: 

inmates,  classification  . . 

employment  and  discipline . 

instruction  . . 

Charter,  abbreviation  of  “Greater  New  York  Charter”.... 

Chases,  in  walls  . 

Chauffeurs  of  public  hacks.  ( See  Drivers  of  Public  Hacks, 
Cabs  and  Taxicabs.) 

Chemists  of  health  department,  affidavits  of . . 

Chicken  pox,  cases  to  be  reported . 

Chickens,  keeping,  killing  and  selling . 

Chief  medical  examiner,  duties  of . 

Children : 

admission  to  schools,  health  certificate . ,4 

day  nurseries,  permit  required . 

institutions  for  care  of : 

admission,  health  certificate . 

infectious  diseases,  report  of  cases . 

isolation  of  infected  persons . 

in  schools,  physical  care  of . 

vaccination  . . 

Chimneys : 

defined  . 

construction,  generally  . 

cupola  . 

fires  in  . 

maintenance  . 

Chimneys,  flues  and  heating  appliances,  construction . 

Chloral : 

label  statement  . 

distribution  or  sale  . . . 

Choke  coils,  electrical  . 

Churches : 

classification  . j 

construction : 

generally  . 

details  ( See  Specific  Subjects.) 
specialty : 

aisles  and  passageways  . . 

public  safety . . 

fire  alarm  connection  . 

fire  extinguishing  appliances  . 

funeral  restriction,  infectious  diseases . 

Chute : 

a  common  show  . 

construction  and  operation . 

Cigars  and  cigarettes : 
manufacture : 

prohibited  practices  in . 

regulated  generally  . 

shop  equipment,  cuspidors . . 


Sec.  Chap.  Page 


2 

4 

2 

1 

261 


149 

149 

149 

9 

90 


188 

20 

390 

86 

20 

19 

20 

360 

80 

20 

_ 368 

1  200 

20 

391 

198 

20 

391 

197 

20 

391 

86 

20 

369 

89 

20 

370 

200 

20 

391 

199 

20 

390 

390 

5 

110 

390-392 

5 

110 

395 

5 

113 

30 

12 

304 

392 

5 

111 

390-404 

5 

110 

116 

20 

374 

126 

20 

377 

205  d 

9 

172 

70 

5 

58 

71-73 

5 

58 

491 

5 

122 

490 

5 

122 

20 

12 

301 

20 

12 

301 

102 

20 

373 

60 

3 

40 

560-568 

5 

134 

338 

20 

409 

338 

20 

409 

338 

20 

409 

523 


INDEX. 


Cigars  and  cigarettes — Continued: 
smoking : 

in  subway  . 

other  restrictions  . 

throwing  away  lighted . 

Cinders:  ( See  ashes)  as  a  nuisance . 

Circuit  breakers :  ( See  Electrical  Code.) 

Circulars:  ( See  Cards,  Circulars,  Handbills,  etc.) 

Circus,  tents  are  temporary  structures . 

Cisterns,  care  and  maintenance  of . 

City,  the  City  of  New  York . 

City  automobiles,  to  be  so  marked . 

City  clerk  and  clerk  of  the  board  of  aldermen: 

bond  . 

custodian  of  city  seal . 

deputies’  and  cashiers’  bonds . 

office  hours  . 

ordinances,  distribution  of  copies . 

City  debt: 

definition  . 

assessment  bonds  . 

jurisdiction  of  . 

sinking  fund  for  redemption  of . . 

sinking  funds  : 

for  payment  of  interest  on . 

collection  of  income  of . 

investment  of  income  of . 

reports  concerning  . . . 

City  flag,  design  and  description . 

City  Hall,  flags  or  decorations  on . 

City  Island  bridge,  location . 

City  magistrates’  court,  12th  district,  location . 

City  marshal : 

badges  . 

impersonation  of  . 

unauthorized  use  of  name  or  sign . 

violations  of  provisions  relating  to . 

City  officers : 

office  hours  . 

residence  in  state  required  of . 

City  offices : 

building  code  applies  to  constructions  by . 

electrical  control  regulations  govern . 

explosives  and  hazardous  trades  regulations  apply  to.... 

City  Record,  bond  of  supervisor  and  deputy . 

City  seal: 

city  clerk  is  custodian  of . 

design  and  description . 

use  . 

City  stock  : 

defined  .  . 

regulations  concerning  . 


Sec. 

Chap. 

Page 

'irisk  ■>  1  ' 

216 

20 

393 

27 

12 

304 

7 

12 

300 

212 

20 

392 

478 

5 

121 

235-237 

20 

395 

1 

1 

9 

33 

24 

464 

270 

2 

28 

2 

1 

11 

270 

2 

28 

8 

1 

13 

6 

1 

12 

1 

2 

14 

2 

2 

14 

3 

2 

14 

4 

2 

15 

5 

2 

15 

6 

2 

15 

8 

2 

16 

9 

2 

17 

3 

1 

12 

5 

1 

12 

1 

4 

42 

4 

27 

483 

230 

2 

25 

231 

2 

25 

231 

2 

25 

232 

2 

25 

8 

1 

13 

1 

16 

338 

1 

5 

45 

4 

9 

167 

4 

10 

236 

270 

2 

28 

2 

1 

11 

2 

1 

10 

2 

1 

11 

1 

2 

14 

2-9 

2 

14 

529 


INDEX. 


Sec. 

Chap. 

Page 

City  surveyors: 

,1 

appointment  . 

241 

2 

**  26 

board  of  examiners  of... . 

240 

2 

26 

Clay,  bearing  capacity . . 

231 

5 

82 

Cleats,  electrical :  ( See  Electrical  Code.) 

Climbing  upon  statuary,  walls  and  other  park  constructions. 

17 

17 

342 

Closets,  fireproofing  ducts  in . 

402 

5 

114 

Clothes,  beating  or  shaking . . . 

253 

20 

400 

Club  houses : 

classification  . . . 

70 

5 

58 

construction : 

generally  . . 

71-73 

5 

58 

details:  ( See  Specific  Subject,  Building  Code.) 

Coach:  ( See  Hacks,  Cabs  and  Taxicabs.) 

Coal ,  sale  and  delivery  of . . . . . . 

31 

26 

478 

Coal  dust,  blowing  about  of . . . . . . 

253 

20 

400 

Coal  pockets : 

classification  . . 

70 

5 

58 

construction : 

generally  . 

71-73 

5 

58 

details:  ( Sec  Specific  Subject,  Building  Code.) 

Coal  tar  products  :  ....... 

to  store,  fee  for  permit . . . * 

43 

10 

243 

regulations  . . . . . . . 

110-113 

10 

259 

restriction,  storage  . 

276 

10 

288 

Code  of  ordinances,  the  code  of  ordinances  of  the  city  of 

New  York  . 

1 

1 

9 

Cold  storage  food: 

definition  . 

71 

20 

368 

marking,  as  such,  required . 

72 

20 

368 

period  of  storage  allowed . . . . 

73 

20 

368 

re-storage  prohibited  _ !........ . . . 

74 

20 

368 

seller  must  disclose  character  of . 

75 

20 

368 

Collector  of  assessments  and  arrears : 

bond  of  . . 

270 

2 

28 

fees  for  bills  and  searches . . 

265 

2 

28 

Collector  of  city  revenue  and  superintendent  of  markets : 

bond  of;  deputies’  bonds . . . . 

270 

2 

28 

clerk,  bond  of  . _ : . 

270 

2 

28 

College : 

classification . . . ! . . . . 

70 

5 

58 

construction :  . 

generally  . . . . . . . 

71-73 

5 

58 

details:  ( See  Specific  Subject,  Building  Code.) 
exit  facilities  . 

152 

5' 

69 

Column  bases,  specification . 

302 

5 

93 

Columns,  encroaching  upon  sidewalks . 

170 

5 

74 

53Q 


INDEX. 


Columns  and  compression  members : 
classification : 

cast  iron  . . . . . 

Sec. 

.  300 

.  301 

Chap. 

5 

5 

Page 

92 

93 

.  281 

5 

91 

connecting  and  framing: 

generally  . 

5 

94 

bolting  . 

5 

95 

riveting  . . . . . . . 

.  306 

5 

95 

unsupported  lengths  . 

5  . 

55 

fire  proofing  . . . . . .... 

5 

96 

painting  . .  .  . . . 

.  310 

5 

95 

specifications : 

quality  . .  i .... . 

.  30 

5 

52 

working  stresses  . . . 

.  52 

5 

55 

Combustible  fiber: 

defined  . 

.  24 

12 

302 

storage,  requirements  and  restrictions...... 

. . .  24 

12 

302 

Combustible  mixture : 

defined  . . . 

.  1 

10 

233 

manufacture,  storage  and  sale: 

permit,  required  . 

....... ......... ...  140 

10 

264 

fee  . . . . 

. .  43 

10 

240 

requirements : 

containers  . . 

.  141 

10 

266 

exemptions  . . . . 

.  142 

10 

266 

supervisions  . . . . 

. .  142 

10 

266 

restrictions  . .  a  *  *  t  m  i  , 

10 

266 

Commission,  meaning  of  term . 

.  1 

1 

:  9 

Commissioner,  meaning  of  term . 

.  1 

1 

9 

Commissioner  of  correction,  jurisdiction . 

.  1-7 

7 

151 

Commissioner  of  docks : 

jurisdiction  of  waterfront  property: 
designation  for: 

•  .  ^  _ _ _ 

city  purposes,  generally  . . . 

.  10 

8 

154 

floating  baths  . . 

11 

8 

154 

recreation  piers  . . . . . 

.  12 

8 

154 

canal  boats  . 

.  13 

8 

155 

garden  produce  . 

• . . . .  14 

8 

155 

oyster  trade  . . . . . 

.  15 

8 

155 

improvements : 

generally  . 

30 

8 

157 

fish  platforms  . . 

8  ' 

157 

floating  docks  .  ..................... 

8 

158 

opening  of  asphalt  pavements . 

.  33 

8  ’ 

157 

sheds  . . . . . . . 

8 

157 

maintenance : 

cleaning,  dredging  and  repairing. . . 

. . : . .  50 

8 

159 

discharge  of  cargoes.  ................ . 

8 

161 

obstructions,  removal 

159 

overloading  . . . 

’h  ™  8 -- 

159 

. S?I  ' 

irrsr  iSa*** 

INDEX. 


Commissioner  of  docks — Continued:  Sec.  Chap.  Page 

jurisdiction  of  waterfront  property — Continued: 

maintenance — Continued :  * 

public  hacks  .  56  8  161 

wharfage  . 80-91  8  163 

protection  of  navigation .  120-124  8  165 

violations  of  orders  of .  18  8  156 

Commissioner  of  licenses: 
licenses : 

amusements  and  exhibitions .  2  3  30 

motion  picture  theatres,  open-air  motion  picture 

theatres  .  33  3  36 

common  shows  .  61  3  40 

billiard  and  pool  tables .  1  14  307 

bowling  alleys  .  1  14  307 

dealers  in  second-hand  articles .  1  14  307 

dirt  carts  .  1  14  307 

expresses  and  expressmen .  1  14  307 

exterior  hoists  .  1  14  307 

hacks,  cabs  and  taxicabs .  1  14  307 

drivers  or  chauffeurs  of  public  hacks .  93  14  318 

hand  organs  . 170  14  330 

itinerant  musicians  .  171  14  331 

junk  dealers  .  1  14  307 

massage  operators  and  institutes . 1  14  307 

peddlers,  hawkers  and  venders .  1  14  307 

public  carts  and  cartmen . 1  14  307 

public  porters  . 1  14  307 

shooting  galleries  . 1  14  307 

may: 

inspect  licensed  places  or  vehicles .  7  14  309 

make  certificates  as  to  licenses .  4  14  308 

subpoena  witnesses  and  take  testimony,  and  delegate 

such  powers  .  5  14  308 

suspend  and  revoke  licenses .  5  14  308 

try  and  punish  delinquent  licensees .  5  14  308 

registers  licenses  .  4  14  308 

responsible  for  license  fees .  4  14  308 

Commissioner  of  public  charities,  controls  charitable  insti¬ 
tutions  and  their  inmates .  1-4  6  149 

Commissioner  of  public  works,  bond  of .  270  2  28 

Commissioner  of  water  supply,  gas  and  electricity: 
jurisdiction : 

electric  current  for  light,  heat  or  power .  13  9  169 

electric  signs  .  215  23  450 

electricians  (light,  heat  and  power)  : 

licenses  . 1  9  167 

special  licenses  . 1  9  167 

electric  wiring  and  appliances  for  light,  heat  and 

power  . 2  9  167 

motion-picture  operators . . 43  3  39 

motion  picture  theatres . 33  3  36 

water  supply  matters  . 1-44  25  453 

532 


INDEX. 


Sec.  Chap.  Page 

Commissions : 

defined  . 1  1  9 

meetings  . 9  1  13 

publications  of,  copies  for  municipal  reference  library.  .10  1  13 

Common  shows : 

defined  .  60  3  40 

amusement  devices,  construction  and  maintenance .  561  5  134 

license  required  .  61  3  40 

license  fee  .  61  3  40 

punishment  for  violations .  62  3  41 

Communicable  diseases :  ( See  Infectious  Diseases.) 

Company,  within  definition  of  “person” . .  119 

Compensator  coils,  arc  lamps . <. .  435  9  194 

Compressed  air  illness  (caisson  disease),  reports  of  cases  of  92  20  371 

Comptroller  : 

bond  . ! .  270  2  28 

deputies’  bonds  . . . .  270  2  28 

custodian  of : 

deeds  and  other  title  papers  of  city .  170  2  23 

evidences  of  debts  due  city . 170  2  23 

duties  and  powers  concerning: 

assessment  bonds  .  2  2  14 

bonds  and  mortgages  due  the  city .  7  2  16 

commissioners  of  sinking  fund .  3  2  14 

contracts : 

opening  estimates  for  . .  66  2  19 

examining  sureties  on . 72  2  20 

filing  and  keeping .  61  2  17 

payments  on  . . 73  2  20 

reports  as  to  outstanding _ _ 79  2  21 

public  administrator  . ..... . . . .  250-252  2  26 

sinking  funds  collection  of  income .  6  2  15 

taxes  and  assessments,  apportionment .  266  2  28 

Concealed  “knob  and  tube  work” . .  426  q  9  187 

Concert  halls:  ( See  Places  of  a  Public  Character;  Theatres.) 

lavatories,  towel  service .  214  20  393 

Concourse,  included  in  “street” .  119 

Concrete : 

specification  .  28  5  51 

weight  .  21  5  50 

working  stress  .  51  5  53 

Concrete  construction: 

compression  and  fiber  stress .  51  5  53 

concrete  specification .  28  5  51 

floor  arches  .  352  5  101 

foundations  .  234  5  83 

hollow  building  blocks .  29  5  52 

re-inforced  .  330-341  5  96 

safe  loads  .  53  5  56 

weight  . 21  5  50 

working  stress .  51  5  53 


533 


INDEX. 


m  ' 

Sec. 

Chap. 

Page 

Concrete  footings :  ( See  Footings.) 

Concrete  piles:  ( See,  Pile  foundations.) 

Condensers,  electrical _ 

580 

9 

226 

Condensers,  charges  for  water  supply . . . . 

21 

25 

470 

Conductors,  electrical:  {See  Electrical  Code.) 

Conduits,  electrical:  ( See  Electrical  Code:) 

Coney  island  cycle  paths . . . 

41 

17 

346 

Confectioners’  supplies,  fee  for  permit  to  manufacture. ..... 

43 

10 

240 

Confectionery : 

adulteration  of  . 

139 

20 

380 

false  name  or  quality  prohibited . 

140 

20 

381 

Conjunctivitis  (suppurative)  cases  to  be  reported . 

86 

20 

369 

Conservatories,  charges  for  water  supply . . .. . 

21 

25 

470 

Constant  potential  systems :  {See  Electrical  Code.) 

Contagious  diseases:  {See  Infectious  Diseases.) 

Contagious  diseases  of  animals : 

disposition  of  sufferers . . 

3 

20 

358 

owners  to  report  cases  of . . . 

3 

20 

358 

veterinarians  to  report  cases  of . 

2 

20 

358 

Contraband  material  (explosives  and  hazardous  trades),  seiz- 

ure  and  disposition  of . 

5 

10 

236 

Contracts  for  work  or  supplies  for  city : 

application  of  provisions  . 

60 

2 

17 

award  . 

66 

2 

19 

bond  . . . . . 

72 

2 

20 

borough  improvements . 

61 

2 

17 

estimates : 

contents  . . . . 

65 

2 

18 

“estimate  box”  . . . . . . 

63-66 

2 

18 

execution . . . . . . ... . . 

65 

2 

18 

opening  . . . 

66 

2 

19 

proposals  for : 

advertisement  and  issue  . . . . . . 

63 

2 

18 

form  of  . . . 

64 

2 

18 

samples  . .. . ..... . . . . . . . ...... . . . 

67 

2 

19 

execution  . . . . . . 

72 

2 

20 

filing  with  comptroller  . 

61 

2 

17 

indemnity  against  accidents . . . 

70 

2 

19 

inspection  . . . . . . . . . . . 

75 

2 

21 

inspectors’  and  surveyors’  affidavits.  . _ ............... 

76 

2 

21 

non-performance  of  . 

72 

2 

20 

payments :  . 

certificate  of  amount  due. . . . . . . . 

73 

2 

20 

delayed  . . . . . . 

78 

2 

21 

endorsement  on  contracts  . . .’ 

74 

2 

21 

generally  . . . . . . . . . . . . 

73 

2 

20 

installment  . . 

68 

2 

19 

pay  roll,  laborers  \ . . . . . . : . .' . 

73 

2 

20 

security  for . v. ...  v. . . ’ 

68 

2 

19 

plans  and  surveys - . . .' . : 

62 

2 

18 

534 

INDEX. 


Sec. 

Chap. 

Page 

Contracts  for  work  or  supplies  for  city — Continued: 

protection  against  accidents  ^  ; .  < . . .- 

2 

19 

reletting . . . . .  1 i . 

72 

2 

20 

report  of  outstanding  _ _ ..... 

79 

2 

21 

snow  removal,  pay  of  workmen . 

71 

2 

20 

Contractors:  {See  Contracts  for  Work  or  Supplies  for  City.) 

compliance  with  Sanitary  Code . . . . . 

182 

20 

389 

temporary  privies  for  employees . . . . 

285 

20 

403 

Convalescent  homes : 

infectious  diseases  cases  to  be  reported . 

91 

20 

371 

patients  to  be  isolated . 

96 

20 

372 

Cooking  utensils,  sanitary  protection  of . 

144 

20 

382 

Cooling  towers,  construction  . 

429 

5 

118 

Cooperage  shops:  {See  Factories.) 

Copartnership,  included  in  term  “person” . 

1 

1 

9 

Cornices : 

construction  . 

422 

5 

116 

encroaching  upon  street . 

170 

5 

74 

Coroners  and  coroners’  physicians : 

autopsy  reports  . 

32 

20 

362 

violent  deaths,  to  be  reported  by . 

32 

20 

362 

Corporation,  included  in  term  “person”... . 

1 

1 

9 

2 

5 

45 

Corporation  counsel: 

actions  by  or  against  city>  register  to  be  kept  by . 

220 

2 

24-25 

bond  of  . . . . . . . ...... 

270 

2 

28 

books  and  papers  to  be  delivered  to  successor . 

222 

2 

25 

jurisdiction : 

Building  Code  litigations . 

652 

5 

144 

penalty  prosecutions,  Building  Code . . . 

654 

5 

147 

theatre  license  litigation . 

5 

3 

31 

legislative  bills  and  ordinances,  drafting . 

221 

2 

25 

Corporation  yards,  in  Manhattan . . . . . . .  j  • 

151 

23 

441 

Corrections  . . . . 

1-7 

7 

151 

Corrosion  of  metal  work,  safeguarding  against . 

310 

5 

95 

Cotton:  {See  Combustible  Fibers.) 

County,  as  used  in  code.. . . . . . . 

1 

1 

9 

Court  houses : 

classified  . 

70 

5 

58 

construction,  generally  . . . . 

71-73 

5 

58 

details:  {See  Specific  Subject,  Building  Code.) 

Court  rooms,  exit  facilities. ..... . . ....." . 

152 

5 

69 

Courts  of  buildings . 

135-136 

5 

68 

Court  yards : 

on  park  streets . 

60 

17 

347 

on  private  property  . 

170 

5 

74 

removal  of  unauthorized . 

168 

23 

445 

restricted  streets  . 

160 

23 

444 

Covers  for  motors  (waterproof) . 

208  f 

9 

174 

535 


INDEX. 


Cows: 

Sec. 

Chap. 

Page 

keeping  . . . 

.  12 

20 

360 

skinning  . 

20 

406 

tuberculin  test,  certificate . 

Cream:  ( See  Milk  and  Cream.) 

20 

360 

Crema,  classification  . 

.  152 

20 

384 

Crematories,  permit  to  establish . . 

.  45 

20 

364 

Criminals,  rewards  for  apprehension  of . . 

Crockery:  ( See  Glass  and  Glassware.) 

.  130 

2 

23 

Crosswalks,  included  within  the  term  “street” . 

Cultures  (therapeutic)  : 

.  1 

1 

9 

free  distribution  of . 

.  121 

20 

376 

requirements  concerning  . 

.  116 

20 

374 

Culvert,  included  within  the  term  “street” . . 

.  1 

1 

9 

Cupola  chimneys,  construction  . . 

.  395 

5 

113 

Curb  (building  construction),  defined . . 

.  2 

5 

45 

Curb  (traffic  regulations),  defined . 

.  1 

24 

456 

Curbing,  construction  . . 

.  62 

23 

427 

Curds,  classification  . 

.  152 

20 

384 

Curtain  walls,  construction . 

.  257 

5 

88 

Cut-outs,  electrical:  ( See  Electrical  Code.) 

D. 

Damp  places,  electrical  installations  in:  ( See  Electrical  Code.) 


Dance  halls : 

classification,  building  construction .  70  5-58 

exit  facilities  .  152  5  69 

construction : 

generally  .  71-73  5  58 

details:  ( See  Specific  Subject,  Building  Code.) 

use  of  common  towels .  214  20  393 

Dangerous  buildings:  ( See  Unsafe  Buildings.) 

Day,  defined: 

generally  .  1  1  9 

docks  and  harbor  control .  1  8  154 

Day  nurseries : 

infectious  diseases: 

cases  to  be  reported .  91  20  371 

patients  to  be  isolated .  96  20  372 

Dead  animals : 

cases  to  be  reported . 6  20  358 

disposal,  restricted .  234  20  395 

filling  in  land  with,  prohibited .  252  20  40 

removal : 

general  requirement  .  243  20  397 

docks  for,  to  be  unobstructed .  246  20  398 

vessels  engaged  in,  permit  to  come  to  pier .  245  20  397 

Dead  bodies  (human)  : 
disposition  of : 

interment,  cremation  or  other .  42  20  364 

time  limit  for . 40  20  363 


536 


INDEX. 


Dead  bodies  (human) — Continued: 

discovery  of,  to  be  reported . . . 

exhumation  of  . 

exposure  of,  prohibited ......... . 

infectious  disease  cases,  care  of . 

permit  to  inter  or  otherwise  to  dispose  of . 

removal  from  place  of  decease . 

retaining  of,  regulated . 

transit  permits  to  remove . 

transportation  through,  into  or  out  of  city  of . 

Dead  load,  defined . 

Dealers  in  second-hand  articles : 

defined  . 

license  fee  and  bond. . 

record  of  purchases  by . 

inspection  of  records  of . 

restrictions  on  business  of . 

junk-dealing  by,  prohibited . 

pawn-broking  by,  prohibited . 

to  give  information  as  to  advertised  property . 

inspection  of  stock  of . . . . 

violations  . 

Deaths : 

autopsy  reports  of . 

carrying  corpse  through,  into  or  out  of  city . 

coroners’  and  coroners’  physicians’  report  of . 

disposition  of  body: 

interment  or  cremation  . 

time  limit  for . 

transportation  from  city . 

false  certificate,  report  or  statement  as  to . 

infectious  disease  cases : 

care  of  bodies . 

funeral  restrictions  . 

medical  examiners,  to  report . 

physicians’  record  of . 

register  of : 

physicians  to  keep . 

transcripts  to  be  filed . . . 

removal  of  body  from  place  of  decease . 

reports  of  . 

transit  permits  to  remove  bodies . 

violent,  reports  required . 

Decedents’  estates,  public  administration  of . 

Decorative  lighting  systems . 

Delancey  street  market,  location  of . 

Delivery  wagons,  park  restrictions . 

Demolishing  buildings : 

Building  Code  applies . 

necessity  for,  to  be  noted  in  plans  for  new  construction. 

method  Of  . . 

Dentists,  charges  for  water  supply  to . 


Sec. 

Chap. 

Page 

41 

20 

364 

45 

20 

364 

39 

20 

363 

102 

20 

373 

42 

20 

364 

37 

20 

363 

39 

20 

363 

38 

20 

363 

38 

20 

363 

53 

5 

56 

40 

14 

310 

41 

14 

310 

42 

14 

310 

42 

14 

310 

44 

14 

311 

44 

14 

311 

44 

14 

311 

45 

14 

312 

45 

14 

312 

46 

14 

312 

32 

20 

362 

37 

20 

363 

32 

20 

362 

42 

20 

364 

40 

20 

363 

37 

20 

363 

36 

20 

363 

102 

20 

373 

103 

20 

373 

80 

20 

308 

33 

20 

362 

32 

20 

362 

33 

20 

362 

37 

20 

363 

32 

20 

362 

38 

20 

363 

32 

20 

362 

250-253 

2 

26 

437 

9 

195 

20 

15 

334 

37 

17 

345 

1 

5 

45 

3 

5 

46 

200 

5 

79 

21 

25 

445 

537 


INDEX. 


Sec. 


Department:  ( See  Departments,  Bureaus,  Boards  and  Com¬ 
missions.) 

general  term  . . . 

“acting”  head  . 

includes  bureaus  and  division  , . 

Department  of  corrections :  ( See  Departments,  etc.) 

general  provisions  - - - - - - ... 

Department  of  docks  and  ferries :  {See  Departments,  etc.) 

general  provisions  . 

Department  of  education :  {See  Departments,  etc.) 


Department  of  licenses :  {See  Departments,  etc.) 

amusements  and  exhibitions . . . Art.  1 

common  shows  . . . . . . .Art.  3 

motion  picture  exhibitions  . Art.  2 


licensed  trades,  occupations,  places  and  appliances . * 

Department  of  parks:  {See  Departments,  etc.) 

park  regulations  . . . . . . 

Department  of  public  charities:  {See  Departments,  etc.) 

institutions  and  inmates  . . . 

Department  of  water  supply,  gas  and  electricity:  {Set 
Departments,  etc.) 

electrical  control,  generally . 

illuminated  signs  . . 

motion  picture  theatres,  operators  of  projecting  machine's 


water  supply  . 

Departments,  bureaus,  boards  and  commissions : 

Building  Code  governs . . . 

contracts  for  supplies  ar  work . 4 

municipal  explosive  regulations,  applicable . i 

office  hours  . . .* 

publications  and  reports,  copies  for  municipal  research 

laboratory  . 

sales  of  old  or  waste  material . 4 

Depots  (railroad)  : 

classification  . .1 

construction : 

generally  . 4 


details:  {See  Specific  Subjects,  Building  Code.) 
Diagrams  of  exits: 

posting  in  hotels,  lodging-houses,  asylums  and  hospitals.: 
theatre  programmes . . . . . < 


1 

7 

1 


1-7 

1-124 


211,215 

43 

1-44 

1 

60-79 

4 

8 

10 

11 

70 

71-73 


21 

7 

527 


Diagrams  of  proposed  buildings : 

to  accompany  applications  for  permits... .  3 

adherence  to,  required . . .  4 

Dinitrobenzine,  report  of  poisoning  by . .  92 

Diphtheria,  reports  of  cases  of  .  86 

Dirt,  defined  . 1 

Dirt,  carts: 

construction  l. . . . . . . . . . . . .  j  50 

defined  . 50 

droppings  from  contents . 13 


538 


INDEX. 


Dirt  Carts — Continued ; 

license,  required  . 

Sec. 

Chap. 

14 

14 

Page 

307 

313 

marking  . . 

14 

312 

Diseases : 

communicable:  ( See  Infectious.) 

contagious :  ( See  Infectious.) 

infectious,  generally  . w 

20 

369 

on  vessels  . . . . . 

20 

411 

occupational  . . . . . 

20 

371 

on  vessels,  reports  required . . . 

.  351-353 

20 

411 

venereal  . . . . . . . -  .  — - . 

.  88 

20 

370 

Disinfection,  requirements  . . . . . 

. .1  101 

20 

373 

Dispensaries : 

infectious  diseases : 

cases  to  be  reported. . .  .  .  . . . . .  .  .  . . . . . 

.  86 

20 

369 

patients  to  be  isolated . . 

. .  96 

20 

372 

puerperal  septicemia  cases,  reports  by............ 

20 

371 

suppurative  conjunctivitis,  reports  by. ........ 

.  92 

20 

371 

venereal  diseases,  reports  by . 

.  86 

20 

369 

Disturbance  of  street  surface: 

permit  required . . . 

23 

429 

prevention  of  unauthorized . . . 

.  81 

23 

429 

violations  . 

.  82 

23 

429 

Dockmasters,  powers  and  duties  of . 

.  16 

8 

156 

Docks,  ferries  and  harbor  ..cojitroJ;, .  . .  „ 

definitions  ......... .  ...„.....I).(;...„.„...,.0.....C.,.. . . .  . . 

_  1 

8 

154 

apportionment  of  waterfront  property : 

canal  boats  . . . . . 

8 

155 

city  purposes,  generally . . 

.  10 

8 

154 

floating  baths  . . . 

.  11 

8 

154 

garden  produce  . . . . . . . 

8 

155 

oyster  and  other  shell  fish . _ . 

.  15 

8 

155 

recreation  piers  . 

.  12 

8 

154 

garbage  and  offal  docks,  to  be  unobstructed.. 

.  246 

20 

398 

improvement  of  waterfront  property : 

generally  . 

.  30 

8 

157 

floating  docks  . . 

34 

8 

158 

opening  pavements . 

.  33 

8 

157 

platforms  for  fish  trade . 

.  32 

8 

157 

sheds  on  piers . 

.  31 

8 

157 

maintenance  of  waterfront  property: 

cleaning,  dredging  and  repairing... . 

.  50 

M 

8 

159 

incumbrances  and  obstruction: 

generally  . 

.  52 

8 

159 

in  sheds - .v ............. . . . . . . 

......  52 

8 

159 

vehicles  _ .-. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

.  53 

8 

160 

removal  . . 

.  54 

8 

160 

storage  and  sale . 

.  53-55 

8- 

160 

■  violations . . . 

.  57 

8 

161 

539 


INDEX. 


Docks,  ferries  and  harbor  control — Continued: 

maintenance  of  waterfront  property — Continued: 

Sec. 

Chap. 

Page 

overloading . 

51 

8 

159 

orotecting  from  injury . 

51 

8 

159 

public  hack  regulation . 

protection  of  navigation: 

56 

8 

161 

dredging  . ► . 

50 

8 

159 

dumping  . 

122 

8 

165 

obstructions  . 

121 

8 

165 

removal  of  refuse  from  vessels . 

vessels  carrying: 

123 

8 

165 

explosives,  restriction  . 

65 

10 

248 

garbage  and  refuse,  restriction . 

Dogs : 

245 

20 

397 

contagiously  diseased,  keeping  or  importing . 

4 

20 

358 

destruction  of  rabid  or  vicious . 

10 

20 

359 

impounding  . 

2 

27 

481 

in  parks  . 

16 

17 

342 

muzzles  required  for . 

17 

20 

360 

rabid,  disposition  . 

10 

20 

359 

selling  or  keeping  for  sale . 

18 

20 

360 

stealing  or  molesting . 

2 

27 

481 

vicious,  disposition  . 

Doors : 

10 

20 

359 

arches  and  lintels  of . . . . . 

251 

5 

85 

buildings  over  150  feet  in  height . 

356 

5 

104 

dimensions  of  doorways . . ...J . . 

158 

5 

73 

fireproof  buildings  . 

356 

5 

104 

fireproof,  when  required . . . . 

375 

5 

108 

hanging,  specification  . 

158 

5 

73 

to  operate  outward . . . 

158 

5 

73 

Doorways,  dimensions  . 

158 

5 

73 

Dormer  windows,  construction . 

Dormitories : 

427 

5 

118 

classification  . 

construction : 

70 

5 

58 

generally  . 

details:  ( See  Specified  Subjects,  Building  Code). 

71-73 

5 

58 

Drain,  within  definition  of  “sewer” . 

1 

1 

9 

Drainage  of  buildings,  generally . 

600 

5 

137 

Drainage  canal,  within  definition  of  “sewer” . 

1 

1 

9 

Drains  across  sidewalks,  construction . 

182 

23 

446 

Drilling,  military,  in  parks . 

Drinking  utensils : 

10 

17 

341 

cleansing  after  use . 

144 

20 

382 

common  use  of,  prohibited . 

Drip-loop  at  entrances  of  buildings :  {See  Electrical  Code.) 
Drivers : 

143 

20 

382 

age  restriction  . 

10 

24 

456 

540 


INDEX, 


Sec. 

Chap. 

Page 

Drivers — Continued : 

public  hacks,  cabs  and  taxicabs : 

badge  . 

94 

14 

... 

license : 

required  . 

90 

14 

317 

application  . 

90 

14 

317 

examination  for  . 

91 

14 

317 

fee  . 

96 

14 

•  •  • 

form  and  term . 

93 

14 

318 

photograph  of  holder . . 

92 

14 

318 

record  . 

98 

14 

319 

renewal  . 

95 

14 

318 

suspension  or  revocation . 

97 

14 

318 

Driveway,  within  definition  of  “street” . 

Driving:  ( See  Traffic  Regulations;  Vehicles.) 

1 

1 

9 

rules  of  the  road . . 

Drug  and  chemical  supply  house:  ( See 

Wholesale  Drug 

10-18 

24 

456 

Stores.) 

Drug  stores:  ( See  Retail  Drug  Stores; 

Wholesale  Drug 

Stores.) 

Drugs  and  medicines: 

adulterated ;  defined,  sale  prohibited . . 
anti-toxin : 

116 

20 

374 

distribution,  gratis  . 

121 

20 

376 

requirements  concerning  . 

116 

20 

374 

habit-forming : 

distribution,  sale  . 

126 

20 

377 

label  statement  . 

116 

20 

374 

misbranded,  defined,  sale  prohibited... 

116 

20 

374 

misleading  representations  as  to . 

116 

20 

374 

patent  or  proprietary: 

adulteration  . 

116 

20 

374 

defined  . 

117 

20 

375 

ingredients  to  be  registered . 

117 

20 

375 

prescriptions  of  . . 

117 

20 

375 

registration  of  . 

.  117 

20 

375 

therapeutic  serum,  toxin  and  vaccine : 

distribution,  gratis  . 

121 

20 

376 

requirements  concerning  . 

116 

20 

374 

Dry  cleaning  or  dry  dyeing,  defined . 

1 

10 

233 

Dry  cleaning  or  dry-dyeing  establishments : 
requirements : 

equipment  . 

177 

10 

271 

fire  prevention  . 

179 

10 

271 

operation  . 

178 

10 

271 

permit  . 

175 

10 

270 

restrictions  . 

176 

10 

270 

Dryers,  construction  . 

390 

5 

110 

Drying-rooms,  construction  . 

398 

5 

114 

Ducks,  keeping,  killing  or  selling . 

19 

20 

360 

541 


INDEX. 


Sec.  Chap.  Page 

Ducts : 

defined  .  390  5  110 

.  fireproofing  . 402  5  114 

Dumbwaiters,  fire  prevention  safeguards .  373  5  106 

Dumbwaiter  shafts : 

defined  . 370  5  105 

construction  . 373  5  106 

Dump  scows,  wharfage  fees .  87  8  164 

Dust : 

as  a  nuisance .  212  20  392 

creation  of,  prohibited .  253  20  400 

200  5  79 

Dwellings  (private)  : 

classified  .  70  5  58 

construction  .  71-73  5  58 

generally : 

details:  ( See  Specific  Subjects,  Building  Code.) 
restrictions  on  occupancy:  ( See  Explosives  and  Hazar¬ 
dous  Trades.) 
sanitary  condition : 

prescribed  .  54  20  366 

responsibility  fixed  for .  54  20  366 

Dynamite:  ( See  Explosives),  marking  and  packing .  62  10  245 

Dynamos  and  dynamo  rooms:  (See  Electrical  Code.) 

Dysentery  epidemic:  (See  Infectious  Diseases),  report  of 

cases  .  86  20  369 

E. 

Earth,  rocks  or  rubbish  in  street .  143  23  437 

Easement : 

included  in  “real  property” .  119 

“  water-front  property  ”  .  1  1  9 

Eastchester  bay  shore  road,  traffic  regulations .  40  17  346 

Eastchester  bridge  (Bronx),  location .  1  4  42 

Eastern  parkway,  traffic  regulation .  39  17  345 

Eating  utensils,  common  use,  regulated .  143  20  382 

Eccentric  loads,  defined  and  limited .  52  5  55 

Economy  coils,  arc  lamps . .  433  9  194 

Educational  Alliance,  amusements  in  aid  of .  6  3  31 

Eggs : 

“broken  out,”  traffic  in .  331  20  408 

“rots  and  spots,”  defined . . 331  20  408 

sale  of,  false  name  or  quality .  140  20  381 

Eighth  Ward  market  (Brooklyn),  location... .  21  15  334 

Eighty-sixth  street  (Manhattan),  trades-wagons  restriction.  37  17  345 

Electric  cranes  . 443  9  201 

Electric  gas  lighting .  687  9  231 

Electric  heaters  . ..; . 425  9  184; 

542 


INDEX. 


Sec. 


Electrician  (light,  heat  and  power  installations)  : 
license  and  special  license: 

defined  . 

application  .  7 

examination  of  applicant . 8 

fees  . 9 

issue  .  8 

period  .  6 

revocation  or  suspension . 6 

violations  of  electrical  regulations .  700 

Electrical  control  (wiring  and  appliances  for  heat,  light  and 
power)  : 

definitions  .  1 

exercised  by  commissioner  of  water  supply,  gas  and 

electricity  . 2 

exemptions : 

Federal  buildings  .  3 

public  service  corporations . 5 

installations,  alterations  and  repairs,  generally: 
authorization  to  make : 

application  .  7 

license : 

defined  .  1 

examination  for  .  8 

fee  .  9 

term  .  6 

suspension,  revocation  or  modification .  6 

license  board  . 8 

special  license: 

defined  _ 1 

examination  for  .  8 

fee  .  9 

term  .  6 

suspension,  revocation  or  modification. _  6 

special  permit : 

defined  . i 

fee  .  9 

suspension,  revocation  or  modification .  5 

certificate  of  inspection: 

issue  . 11 

modification,  suspension  or  revocation .  11 

inspection  . 2 

10 

motion-picture  operators  .  43 

motion-picture  theatres  . 33 

438 

orders  and  their  enforcement. . . 2 

requirements  and  restrictions:  ( See  Electrical.  Code.) 

right  of  entry  of  inspectors .  10 

rules  and  regulations . 2 

543 


Chap. 


9 

9 

9 

9 

9 

9 

9 

9 


9 

9 

9 

9 


9 

9 

9 

9. 

9 

9 

9 

9 

9 

9 

9 

9 

9 

9 

9 

9 

9 

9 

9 

9 

3 

3 

9 

9 

9 

9 


Page 


166 

168 

168 

169 

168 

168 

168 

231 


166 


167 


167 

167 


168 

166 

168 

169 

168 

168 

168 


166 

168 

169 

168 

168 


167 
169 

168 

169 

169 

167 

169 

39 

35 

195 

167 


169 

167 


INDEX. 


Sec.  Chap.  Page 

Electrical  control  (wiring  and  appliances  for  heat,  light  and 
power) — Continued: 
service  (current  supply)  : 

certificate  of  inspection,  pre-requisite .  11  9  169 

discontinuing  .  13  9  169 

signs  (electric)  .  215  23  450 

theatres  .  438  9  195 

violations,  punishment  .  700  9  231 

Electrical  code: 

control  of  construction,  installations  and  maintenance: 

( See  Electrical  Control.) 
subj  ects : 

acid  fumes  .  210  c  9  175 

appliances,  defined  .  1  9  166 

approved,  defined  . 1  9  166 

426  i-j  9  185 

arc  lamps: 

construction  .  421  9  181 

574  9  222 

installation  .  421  9  181 

433  9  194 

574  9  224 

location  .  421  9  181 

433  9  194 

armored  cable: 

construction  .  554  9  207 

ground  wires  .  427  c  9  187 

installation  .  427  9  187 

metallic  sheaths,  grounding .  427  c  9  187 

outlet  box  . 427  b  9  187 

attendance,  care  .  206  9  172 

auto  starters : 

construction  .  579  9  225 

installation  .  208  d  9  174 

B.  &  S.  gauge  defined.. .  1  9  166 

balance  sets  .  201  d  9  170 

base  frames  for  generators  and  motors .  201c  9  170 

208  d  9  170 

batteries,  storage  or  primary .  210  9  175 

battery  rooms  .  210  b  9  175 

bell  wires  . 685  9  228 

blocks  at  fixture  and  switch  outlets .  424  d  9  183 

boxes,  switch  and  outlet,  installation .  424  e  9  183 

boxing  for  wires:  ( See  Protection  for  Wires.) 

building,  defined  .  1  9  166 

burglar  alarms  .  685  9  22 

burrs  and  fins  in  fixtures .  577  a  9  22 

bus-bars  .  202  b  9  171 

bushings : 

construction  . 561  9  211 


544 


INDEX. 


Electrical  code — Continued: 
subjects — Continued: 

Sec. 

Chap. 

Page 

bushings — Continued  ; 

entrance  to  buildings . 

312  f 

9 

176 

685  e 

9 

228 

generators  and  motors . . . 

201  g 

9 

170 

inside  buildings  . 

416  d 

9 

179 

lamp  sockets  . 

432  f 

9 

194 

wires,  construction  . 

561 

9 

211 

cabinets,  cut-out  and  switch : 

construction  . 

570 

9 

219 

use  . 

419  b-d 

9 

181 

423  c 

9 

182 

424  b' 

9 

183 

cabinets,  rheostat  and  auto-starter . 

208  d 

9 

174 

cable  ( See  Armored  Cable.) 

care  and  attendance  . 

206 

9 

172 

carrying  capacity: 

arc  lamp  leads  . 

433  a 

9 

194 

wires,  table  . 

418 

9 

179 

ceiling  rosettes,  construction  . 

571 

9 

220 

central  stations :  ( See  Generators,  motors  and 

Switchboards.) 

certificate  of  inspection,  defined  . 

1 

9 

166 

chandeliers,  cut-outs . 

423  d 

9 

‘  182 

choke  coils  . 

205  d 

9 

172 

circuit  breakers :  i 

construction  . 

566 

9 

214 

height  of  setting  . 

423  e 

9 

182 

installation  . 

419 

9 

180 

423 

9 

181 

required,  when  . 

208  c 

9 

173 

209 

9 

175 

cleats : 

construction  . 

562 

9 

211 

installation  . 

416  b 

9 

178 

426  h 

8 

185 

compensation  coils,  arc  lamps . 

433 

9 

192 

concealed  “knob  and  tube”  work . 

426  q 

9 

187 

condensers,  reactive  coils  . 

580 

9 

226 

conductors  :  ( See  also  Wires.) 

armored  cable  . . 

554 

9 

207 

on  side  walls,  protection . 

426  e 

9 

184 

station  and  dynamo  . 

202 

9 

165 

conduits : 

wire,  construction  . 

553 

9 

207 

wiring  . 

426  n-p 

9 

186 

conduits,  metal : 

construction . 

558 

9 

208 

grounding  . 

428  f 

9 

188 

installation  . . 

428 

9 

188 

connections,  ground  . 

315  c-g 

9 

177 

545 


INDEX. 


Sec. 

Chap. 

Page 

Electrical  code — Continued: 
subjects — Continued: 

constant  potential  systems : 

extra  high  . 

420 

9 

181 

447 

9 

202 

high  . 

420' 

9 

181 

444, 445 

9 

20 2 

low  . 

426 

9 

184 

covers,  water-prooif,  for  motors . 

208  f 

9 

174 

cut-outs : 

enclosed  fuse,  construction . 

567  h 

9 

216 

generally,  construction  . . 

567  a-d 

9 

215 

link  fuse,  construction . 

567  f 

9 

215 

installation  . 

208  c 

9 

173 

419 

9 

180 

423 

9 

181 

425  a 

9 

184 

protection  of  all  wires  in  circuit . 

419a 

9 

180 

required,  when  . 

201  d 

9 

170 

202  e 

9 

171 

208  c 

9 

173 

209  a 

9 

175 

423 

9 

181 

425  a 

9 

184 

433  a,  434  a 

9 

194 

damp  places;  protection  oif  constructions  in.... 

443  c 

9 

202 

416  f 

9 

179 

417  a 

9 

179 

419  c 

9 

181 

426  f ,  i, 

h  9 

185 

427  d 

9 

187 

431b 

9 

193 

439  d 

9 

199 

554  c 

9 

207 

decorative  lighting  systems  . 

distance  between  conductors : 

437 

9 

195 

inside  work . 

426  h,j 

9 

185 

outside  work . 

...  443  a 

9 

201 

312  c,  d 

9 

175 

drip  loops,  entrance  to  buildings . . 

312  f 

'  9 

176 

685  d 

9 

228 

dynamo  rooms  and  stations  . 

....  201-211 

9 

169 

dynamo  and  motor  frames : 

grounding  . 

201  c 

9 

170 

208  a 

9 

173 

443  e 

9 

202 

insulating  . 

201  c 

9 

165 

208  a 

9 

173 

economy  coils,  arc  lamps  . 

433 

9 

194 

electric  cranes  . 

443 

9 

201 

electric  gas  lighting  . 

687 

9 

231 

546 

INDEX. 


Sec. 

Chap. 

Page 

Electrical  code — Continued: 

subjects — Continued: 

electric  heaters . 

9 

184 

electric  signs  . 

423  d 

9 

182 

583 

9 

228 

elevator  shaft  wiring . 

416  g 

9 

179 

emergency  lights  . 

438  a 

9 

195 

emergency  switches  . 

424a 

9 

183 

enclosed  arc  lights  . 

421 

9 

181 

433 

9 

194 

enclosures : 

auto-starters  . 

208  d 

9 

174 

motors  . 

208  f 

9 

174 

equalizers : 

construction  . . 

578 

9 

226 

installation  . 

204 

9 

171 

exit  lights  . . 

438  a 

9 

195 

extra  high  potential  systems : 

defined  . 

1 

9 

166 

installation  and  maintenance . 

420 

9 

181 

447 

9 

202 

fished  wires  . 

426  c 

9 

184 

fittings,  materials  and  details  of  construction.... 

...  548-583 

9 

203 

fixture : 

canopies  . 

430  a 

9 

192 

supports  . 

424  e 

9 

183 

wire,  construction  . . 

555 

9 

207 

fixtures : 

construction  . 

577 

9 

223 

installation  . 

424  e 

9 

183 

426  v-q 

9 

187 

flashers,  sign . 

419  d 

9 

181 

439  e 

9 

200 

583  b 

9 

227 

flexible  cord : 

construction  . 

551 

9 

205 

border  cables . 

551 

9 

205 

elevator  lighting  and  control  cables . 

551  j 

9 

206 

pendant  lamps  . . 

551 

9 

205 

portable  heating  apparatus . 

551  k 

9 

206 

portables,  generally . . . 

551 

9 

206 

theatre  stage  cable . . . 

551 

9 

206 

use . . . 

432 

9 

193 

flexible  tubing: 

construction . 

9 

211 

installation  . 

416  d 

9 

179 

426  e 

9 

179 

flush  switchbox  . 

9 

210 

fumes,  acid:  ( See  Acid  Fumes.) 

547 


INDEX. 


t  '  ./l  ;i7  ’  .  '  .*  •-  ‘ 

Sec. 

Chap. 

Page 

Electrical  code — Continued : 

subj  ects — C  ontinued : 

fusfcs :  . 

enclosed  plug  and  cartridge  type - 

.  568  d-k 

9 

217 

9 

217 

installation  . . . . 

.  201  d 

9 

170 

.  202  e 

9 

171 

419 

9 

180 

423 

9 

181 

438  d,  e 

9 

196 

439  f 

9 

200 

.  685  m 

9 

230 

required  capacity  . . . . . 

. 208  b 

9 

173 

423  d,  e 

9 

182 

garages : 

defined  . . . 

. . :  442 

9 

200 

electrical  equipment  . 

.....  442 

9 

200 

gas  lighting,  electric . 

.....  687 

9 

231 

generators : 

generally  . . . . . .  - 

.  201 

9 

170 

bushings  for  lead  wires . 

201  g 

9 

170 

constant  potential,  protection  . 

.  201  d 

9 

170 

grounding  of  frame . . 

.  201c 

9 

170 

insulated  platform . 

.  201  c 

9 

170 

insulation  of  frame  . 

.  201  c 

9 

170 

location  . 

.  201  a-b 

9 

170 

name  plate  . 

.  201  e 

9 

170 

terminal  blocks  . 

.....  201  f 

9 

170 

ground  connection : 

lightning  arresters  . . . 

.  205  c 

9 

172 

685  1 

9 

229 

low  potential  circuits . 

.....  315  c-g 

9 

177 

ground  detectors,  when  required . 

.  207  a 

9 

172 

ground  wires : 

armored  cables . 

.  427  c 

9 

187 

interior  conduits . 

.  428  f 

9 

188 

lightning  arresters  . 

.  205  c 

9 

172 

6851 

9 

229 

686  a 

9 

230 

metal  mouldings . 

.  429  d 

9 

191 

grounding : 

armored  cable . . . . 

.  427  c 

9 

187 

dynamo  and  generator  frames . 

.  201  c 

9 

170 

interior  conduits  . 

.  428  f 

9 

188 

low  potential  circuits  . . . 

.  315 

9 

176 

metal  moulding  . 

.  429  d 

9 

191 

motor  frames  . . . . . 

9 

173 

grounds,  testing  . 

9 

172 

688 

9 

231 

guard  strips,  inside  work . . . 

.  426  e 

9 

184 

heaters,  electric  (general  use) . 

.  425 

9 

184 

548 


INDEX. 


Electrical  code — Continued: 

Sec. 

Chap. 

Page 

subjects — Continued: 

high  constant  potential  systems : 

defined  . 

1 

9 

166 

transformers  . 

445 

9 

202 

wires  . 

420 

9 

181 

444 

9 

202 

high  constant  potential  systems,  extra : 

defined  . 

1 

9 

166 

primary  wires  . . 

447 

9 

202 

secondary  wires  . 

448 

9 

203 

incandescent  lamp  clusters  . 

432  c 

9 

193 

incandescent  lamps : 

as  resistances : 

204  b 

9 

172 

on  three  wire  systems . 

423  b 

9 

182 

where  inflammable  vapors  exist . 

431a 

9 

193 

induction  coils.  ( See  reactive  coils.) 

inflammable  outer  braiding  (wires) . 

202  b 

9 

171 

inside  work : 

general  rules  . . 

416 

9 

178 

419 

9 

180 

allowable  carrying  capacity  of  wires,  table. 

418 

9 

179 

cut-outs,  circuit-breakers,  switches,  etc . 

419 

9 

180 

circuit-breakers,  switches,  cut-outs,  etc _ 

419 

9 

180 

switches,  cut-outs,  circuit-breakers,  etc _ 

419 

9 

180 

underground  conductors  . 

417 

9 

179 

wires  . 

416 

9 

178 

constant  potential  systems : 

automatic  cut-outs  . 

423 

9 

181 

electric  heaters  . 

425 

9 

184 

switches  . 

424 

9 

183 

low  potential  systems . 

426 

9 

184 

arc  lamps  on  constant  potential  circuits _ 

433 

9 

194 

armored  cables  . 

427 

9 

187 

decorative  lighting  . 

437 

9 

195 

electric  cranes  . 

443 

9 

201 

economy  coils  . 

433 

9 

194 

fixtures  . 

430 

9 

192 

flexible  cord  . 

432 

9 

193 

interior  conduits  . 

428 

9 

188 

lighting  and  power  from  railway  wires.... 

441 

9 

200 

mercury  vapor  lamps . 

434 

9 

194 

metal  moulding  . 

429 

9 

191 

outline  lighting . 

439 

9 

199 

sockets  . 

431 

9 

193 

theatre  and  moving  picture  wiring. . . . 

438 

9 

195 

transformers  . 

436 

9 

195 

wires  . 

426 

9 

184 

inspections ;  department  of  water  supply,  gas  and 

electricity  . 

11 

9 

169 

installation  must  be  under  license,  special  license 

or  permit  . 

6 

9 

168 

549 


INDEX. 


Electrical  code— Continued:  Sec.  Chap.  Page 

subj  ects — Continued : 

insulating  platforms  at  high-potential  machines....  201c  9  170 

208  a  9  173 

insulating  joints: 

construction  .  576  9  223 

when  required  .  430  a  9  192 

insulation  of  fixture  canopies,  when  required .  430  a  9  192 

insulation  resistance : 

completed  systems  .  688  9  231 

rubber-covered  wire  .  550  d  9  204 

testing  .  688  9  231 

insulator  spacing,  inside  work .  426  h,  j  9  185 

interior  conduits: 

construction  .  558  9  208 

ground  wires  .  428  f  9  188 

installation  .  428  9  188 

iron  pipe  to  protect  wires  on  side  walls .  426  e  9  184 

joints : 

in  conductors  .  312  e  9  126 

416  c  ..  178 

insulating  . . . .  576  9  223 

junction  and  flush  switch  boxes: 

construction  .  559  9  209 

installation  . . .  424  d  9  183 

427  b  9  187 

528  d  9  188 

429  a  9  191 

knife  switches,  construction .  565  c-k  9  212 

knob  and  tube  work . .  426 q  9  187 

knobs  .  564  9  211 

knots  in  flexible  cord  required  in  sockets  and 

rosettes  .  432  g  9  193 

lamps :  ( See  Arc  Lamps,  Incandescent  and  vapor 

lamps.) 

license  board,  powers  and  duties .  8  9  170 

license  for  electricians : 

application  .  7  9  168 

defined  .  1  9  167 

examination  for .  8  9  168 

fee  .  9  9  169 

suspension  or  revocation .  6  9  168 

term ;  modification : 
lighting : 

electric,  gas  .  687  9  231 

outline  .  439  9  199 

lighting  and  power  from  railway  wires .  441  9  200 

lighting  system,  decorative .  437  9  195 

lightning  arresters : 

construction  .  582  9  227 

grounding  . . 205  c  9  172 

6851  9  229 

686  c  9  230 


550 


INDEX. 


Sec.  Chap.  Page 

Electrical  code — Continued: 
sub  j  ects — Con  tinned: 

lightning  arresters — Continued: 


installation  . . . 

205 

9 

172 

685  m 

9 

229 

686  c 

9 

230 

low-potential  circuits,  grounding . 

315 

9 

176 

low  potential  systems : 

defined  . 

1 

9 

167 

installation  and  maintenance . 

426-439  a 

9 

184 

lugs  for  terminal  connections,  when  required . 

416  c 

9 

178 

565  h 

9 

212 

578  c 

9 

226 

metal  mouldings : 

construction  . 

560  c-h 

9 

210 

grounding  . 

429  d 

9 

191 

installation  . 

426  k-m 

9 

186 

429 

9 

191 

motors : 

enclosures  . 

208  f 

9 

174 

waterproof  covers  . 

208  f 

9 

174 

moulding : 

metal,  construction  . 

560  c-h 

9 

210 

metal,  grounding  . 

429  d 

9 

191 

metal,  installation  . 

426  k-m 

9 

186 

429 

9 

191 

not  permitted  in  damp  or  wet  places . 

4261 

9 

186 

wires  in  . 

426  k-m 

9 

186 

wood,  installation  prohibited  . 

560  b 

9 

210 

moving  picture  equipments  : 

general  use  . 

438  u 

9 

198 

home,  lecture  and  similar  purposes . 

438  v 

9 

199 

multiple  series  systems . 

208  e 

9 

174 

netting  required  on  arc  lamps,  wire . 

421 

9 

181 

433  a 

9 

194 

neutral  fuses  omitted  . 

423  a,  b,d 

9 

181 

oily  waste  . 

206  b 

9 

172 

open  wiring . 

426  g-j 

9 

185 

outlet  boxes : 

required  for  flush  switches . 

424  d 

9 

183 

outlet  boxes  or  plates : 

to  be  used  with  armored  cables . 

427  b 

9 

187 

to  be  used  with  interior  conduits . 

428  d 

9 

188 

outlet,  junction  and  flush  switch  boxes,  construction 

559 

9 

209 

outline  lighting . 

439 

9 

199 

outside  work  . 

312-315 

9 

175 

panel  boards,  construction  . 

569 

9 

218 

pendants : 

for  use  in  hazardous  places . 

432  d 

9 

193 

rigid  . 

431a 

9 

193 

waterproof  . 

431b 

9 

193 

pipe  hangers  for  incandescent  lamps . 

431  a 

9 

193 

551 

INDEX. 


S'fSL 

Electrical  code — Continued: 
subjects — Continued : 
portable : 

lamps,  installation  . 

lamps,  motors,  etc.,  conductors  for . 

pot  heads,  installation . 

power  from  railway  wires,  lighting  and . 

power,  transformer  and  switch  stations . 

primary  batteries,  storage  or . 

protection : 

for  gas  outlet  pipes . 

for  motor  equipments . 

for  outlet  wires  . 

for  wires  on  side  walls  or  columns . 

protective  devices  on  signaling  circuits : 

construction  . 

installation  . 

railway  power  plants . 

railway  wires  as  a  source  of  supply  for  light  and 

power  . 

reactive  coils  and  condensors . 

receptacles:  (See  Sockets.) 
resistance  boxes  :  (See  Rheostats.) 

resistance,  insulation  . 

resistances,  used  with  constant  potential  arc  lamps, 
rheostats,  resistance  boxes  and  equalizers : 

construction  . 

installation  . . . . 

roof,  wires  on . 


rosettes : 

construction  . 

use  . 

running  boards : 

construction  . 

where  required . 

screws  or  nails  to  fasten  cleats  or  knobs 
series : 

arc  lamps  . . 

multiple  systems . . 

service  wires: 

automatic  cut-outs  for . 

grounding  . 

in  armored  cables  or  conduit . 


Sec. 

Chap. 

Page 

432  d 

9 

193 

554  c 

9 

207 

208b 

9 

173 

441 

9 

200 

201-211 

9 

170 

210 

9 

175 

430  a 

9 

195 

208  d 

9 

174 

430  a 

9 

192 

426  e 

9 

184 

685  g, 

m  9 

228 

685  g, 

j  9 

228 

209 

9 

175 

441 

9 

200 

580 

9 

227 

688 

9 

231 

433  b 

9 

194 

578 

9 

224 

204 

9 

171 

208  c,d 

9 

173 

312  c 

9 

175 

685 

9 

228 

686 

9 

230 

571 

9 

220 

423  d 

9 

182 

426  e 

9 

184 

426  e 

9 

184 

416  b 

9 

178 

421 

9 

181 

433  a 

9 

194 

208  e 

9 

174 

433  a 

9 

194 

423  a 

9 

181 

315  b 

9 

177 

427  a 

9 

187 

428  b 

9 

188 

312  b,  f 

9 

175 

312 

9 

175 

313  a,  b 

9 

176 

no.  6  B.  &  S.  gauge  or  smaller 
overhead  . 


552 


INDEX. 


Sec. 

Chap. 

Page 

Electrical  code — Continued : 

subjects — Continued : 

service  wires — Continued : 

switches  for  . 

424  a 

9 

183 

underground  . 

313,  a,  b 

9 

176 

417 

9 

179 

signaling  systems  : 

defined  . 

1 

9 

167 

installation  and  maintenance . 

685 

9 

228 

686 

9 

230 

sign  flashers  . 

419  d 

9 

181 

439  e 

9 

200 

583  b 

9 

227 

signs,  electric : 

construction  . 

583 

9 

227 

switches  for  . 

424  c 

9 

183 

snap-switches : 

rr  f 

construction  . 

565  1-t 

9 

214 

installation  . 

424  b 

9 

183 

sockets : 

construction  . 

572 

9 

221 

installation  . 

431 

9 

193 

439  g 

9 

200 

use  of  in  hazardous  places . 

431  a,  c 

9 

193 

soldering  ends  of  stranded  wires . 

416  c 

9 

178 

spark  arresters : 

when  required  . 

433  c 

9 

194 

special  license  for  electricians : 

application  for  . 

7 

9 

168 

defined  . 

1 

9 

167 

examination  for . 

8 

9 

168 

fee  . 

9 

9 

169 

term,  modification,  suspension  or 

revocation . . . 

6 

9 

168 

special  permit: 

defined  . 

1 

9 

167 

fee  . 

9 

9 

169 

issue  . 

6 

9 

168 

splices  and  joints  in  wires . 

312  c 

9 

175 

416  c 

9 

178 

stations  and  dynamo  rooms . 

201-211 

9 

165 

stiff  pendants  for  incandescent  lamps. 

431a 

9 

193 

storage  or  primary  batteries  . 

210 

9 

175 

strips  for  protecting  inside  wires 

(See  Guard 

Strips.) 

sub-bases,  installation,  with  snap  switches . 

424  e 

9 

183 

switch  boards  . 

203 

9 

171 

'  switch  boxes : 

outlet  junction  and  flush  switch  boxes,  construction. 

559 

9 

209 

where  required  for  flush  switches. 

424  d 

9 

183 

switches : 

construction,  general  rules . 

565  a,  f 

9 

212 

construction  of  knife  switches  . . . 

565  c-k 

9 

212 

INDEX. 


Sec. 

Chap. 

Page 

Electrical  code — Continued : 

subjects — Continued: 

switches — Continued: 

construction  of  snap  switches . 

565  1-t 

9 

214 

double-pole,  when  required  . 

208  c 

9 

173 

419  a 

9 

180 

emergency  . 

424  a 

9 

183 

flush,  installation . 

424  d 

9 

183 

for  use  on  constant-current  systems . 

565  a,  b 

9 

212 

in  damp  places  . 

419  c 

9 

181 

indicating,  when  required . 

208  c 

9 

173 

425a 

9 

184 

565  a,  b 

9 

212 

installation  . 

419 

9 

180 

424 

9 

183 

must  disconnect  all  wires  of  circuit . 

419  a 

9 

180 

service  . 

424  a 

9 

183 

565  a 

9 

212 

single-pole,  when  not  permitted  . 

208  c 

9 

173 

423  a 

9 

181 

424  c 

9 

183 

425  a 

9 

184 

single-throw  requirements  regarding  mounting. . 

424  b 

9 

183 

snap,  sub-base  installed  with . 

424  b 

9 

183 

snap,  when  preferred  . 

424  b 

9 

183 

three  way,  considered  as  single-pole . 

424  c 

9 

183 

time  . 

419  d 

9 

180 

systems : 

extra  high,  constant-potential  . 

420 

9 

181 

447 

9 

202 

high,  constant-potential  . 

420 

9 

181 

444  . 

9 

202 

445 

9 

202 

low,  constant  potential . 

426 

9 

184 

multiple  series  . 

208  e 

9 

174 

series,  multiple  . 

208  e 

9 

174 

signaling  . 

685 

9 

228 

686 

9 

230 

telegraph  apparatus,  wireless . 

686 

9 

230 

telegraph,  telephone  and  signal  circuits . 

685 

9 

228 

686 

9 

230 

terminal  blocks  of  generators  and  motors . 

201  f 

9 

170 

208  i 

9 

174 

testing  of  grounds . . 

207 

9 

172 

testing  of  insulation,  resistance  of  completed  systems 

688 

9 

231 

theatre  and  moving  picture  wiring : 

auditorium  . 

438 1 

9 

198 

border  and  proscenium  lights  . 

438  a 

9 

195 

bunches  . 

4381 

9 

197 

control  for  stage  flues . 

438  i 

9 

197 

curtain  motors  . 

438  h 

9 

197 

554 


INDEX . 


Electrical  code — Continued : 

Sec. 

Chap. 

Page 

subjects — Continued: 

theatre  and  moving  picture  wiring — Continued: 

dressing  rooms  . 

438  j 

9 

197 

footlights  . 

438  d 

9 

196 

lights  on  scenery . 

439  q 

9 

198 

moving  picture  equipments . 

438  n, 

v  9 

198 

pin-plug  connectors  . 

438  o 

9 

198 

portable  conductors  . 

438  p 

9 

198 

554  c 

9 

207 

portable  equipment  . 

438  k 

9 

197 

portable  plugging  boxes  . 

438  n 

9 

198 

scene  docks  . 

438  g 

9 

197 

services  . 

438a 

9 

195 

special  electrical  effects . 

438  s 

9 

198 

stage  . 

438  b 

9 

196 

stage  and  gallery  pockets . 

438  f 

9 

196 

string  or  festoon  lights . 

438  r 

9 

198 

strips  . . . . 

438  m 

9 

197 

switchboards  . 

438  c 

9 

196 

tie  wires  . 

416b 

9 

178 

tinning  of  wires,  when  required . 

550  a 

9 

204 

transformer  stations  . . . . 

..  201-211 

9 

170 

transformers : 

construction . . . 

581 

9 

226 

grounding  of  secondaries  . 

315  b 

9 

177 

installation,  inside . . 

211 

9 

175 

436 

9 

195 

445 

9 

202 

installation,  outside . 

314  a 

9 

176 

trolley  circuits,  grounded,  light  and  power  from... 

441 

9 

200 

tubes  and  bushings,  construction . 

561 

9 

211 

tubing,  flexible :  {See  Flexible  Tubing.) 

underground  conductors  . 

417 

9 

179 

vapor  lamps . 

434 

9 

194 

vapor-proof  globes  for  incandescent  lamps  . 

431a 

9 

193 

volt  meter,  switchboard,  circuit  for . 

202  e 

9 

168 

waste,  oily,  care  of . . . 

206  b 

9 

172 

waterproof  construction  . 

426  i,  j 

9 

185 

waterproof  pendants  . 

431b 

9 

195 

wire : 

aluminum  . 

418  a 

9 

179 

armored  {See  Armored  Cable.) 

concentric  . . 

556  c 

9 

207 

conduit  . 

553 

9 

207 

construction,  general  rules . 

549 

9 

203 

fixture  . . . . . 

552  ' 

9 

206 

flexible:  {See  Flexible  Cord.) 

lead  covered  . . . . . 

550  c 

9 

205 

netting  or  arc  lamps . 

421 

9 

181 

433  c 

9 

194 

555 


INDEX. 


Electrical  code— Continued : 

Sec. 

Chap. 

Page 

subj  ects — Continued : 

wire — Continued: 

rubber-covered  . 

550 

9 

204 

slow-burning  . 

556 

9 

207 

slow-burning,  use  of,  in  dry  places . . 

426  g 

9 

185 

slow-burning  weatherproof  . 

555 

9* 

207 

weatherproof  . 

557 

9 

208 

wireless  telegraph  apparatus  . 

686 

9 

230 

wires : 

carrying  capacity  table . 

418 

9 

179 

concealed  “knob  and  tube”  work  prohibited.... 

426  q 

9 

187 

conduit  work  . 

426  n-p 

9 

186 

constant-potential  systems,  extra  high  voltage . . 

426 

9 

184 

entering  buildings  . . . 

312  f 

9 

177 

fished  . 

426  c 

9 

184 

in  attics  . 

426  f 

9 

185 

in  conduits,  alternating  systems  . . 

426  p 

9 

187 

427  g 

9 

188 

in  elevator  shafts,  installation . 

416  g 

9 

179 

in  metal  moulding,  alternating  current  systems. 

426  m 

9 

186 

429  e 

9 

192 

in  stations  and  dynamo  rooms . 

202 

9 

170 

inside  work,  general  rules  . 

416 

9 

178 

insulated,  general  rules  . 

549 

9 

203 

joints  and  splices  in . 

312  e 

9 

176 

416  c 

9 

178 

lead  covered  . 

202  a 

9 

170 

208  b 

9 

173 

moulding  work  . 

426  k-m 

9 

186 

number  allowed  in  one  conduit . 

426  p 

9 

187 

on  exterior  walls  of  buildings . 

312  d 

9 

176 

on  highways  . . 

312  a 

9 

175 

on  roofs  . 

312 

9 

175 

685 

9 

228 

686 

9 

230 

open  work,  damp  places  . 

416  f 

9 

179 

426  i-j 

9 

185 

open  work,  dry  places . 

426  g,h 

9 

185 

outside  . . 

312 

9 

175 

313 

9 

176 

protection  against  mechanical  injury . 

426  e 

9 

184 

protection  in  crossing  wires  and  pipes . 

416  e 

9 

179 

rheostat  . 

204  c 

9 

171 

service  . 

312  b,f 

9 

175 

313  a,  b 

9 

176 

685  d 

9 

228 

signal  . 

685 

9 

229 

686 

9 

230 

spacing  of,  inside  work . 

426  h 

9 

185 

426  j 

9 

185 

spacing  of,  outside  work . . 

312  c,d 

9 

175 

556 


INDEX, 


Sec.  Chap.  Page 

Electrical  code — Continued: 
subjects — Continued: 


wires — Continued : 


supporting  of,  in  vertical  conduit . 

416  c 

426  a 

416  b 

9 

9 

9 

178 

184 

178 

trolley  wires  lighting  and  power  from . 

441 

9 

200 

twin,  when  permitted  . 

426  d 

9 

184 

underground  . 

417  a-d 

9 

179 

when  considered  exposed  to  moisture . 

426  f 

9 

185 

yard,  not  considered  service  wires . 

424  a 

9 

183 

wiring : 

electric  cranes . 

443  a 

9 

201 

theatre  and  moving  pictures . . . . 

438 

9 

195 

wooden  mouldings : 

installation,  prohibited . 

560  b 

9 

210 

yard  wires,  not  considered  service  wires . 

424  a 

9 

183 

Electrical  perils,  safeguarding  explosives  and  hazardous 

trade  against . - 

7 

10 

236 

Electric  fuses:  (See  Blasting  Caps.) 

Electric  light  and  power  stations : 

current  for  light,  heat  and  power : 

supplying,  restriction  . 

12 

9 

169 

discontinuing,  requirement  . 

13 

9 

169 

permit  to  store  hazardous  materials,  fee . 

43 

10 

240 

Electric  signs : 

definition  . 

215 

23 

450 

application  of  general  sign  regulations . 

215 

23 

450 

construction : 

generally  . 

58,3 

9 

227 

roof  . 

213 

23 

450 

wall  . 

214 

23 

450 

permit  to  erect,  fee  . 

215 

23 

450 

restrictions  . 

215 

23 

450 

wiring  and  appliances : 

jurisdiction  . . 

211 

23 

449 

requirements  . 

583 

9 

227 

Electric  wiring  and  appliances  (light,  heat  and  power)  : 

definitions  . 

1 

9 

166 

exemptions : 

Federal  buildings  . 

3 

9 

167 

plants  of  public  service  corporations . 

5 

9 

167 

installation,  alteration  or  repair : 

construction:  (See  Specific  Subject.) 

controlled  by  department  of  water  supply,  gas  and 

electricity  . 

6 

9 

168 

in  city  buildings  . 

4 

9 

167 

in  Federal  buildings  . 

3 

9 

167 

in  plants  of  public  service  corporations . 

557 

5 

9 

167 

INDEX. 


Sec.  Chap.  Page 

Electric  wiring  and  appliances  (light,  heat  and  power)  — 

Continued: 

installation,  alteration  or  repair — Continued: 

inspection,  department  of  water  supply,  gas  and  elec¬ 
tricity  : 


authorized  . 

2 

9 

167 

certificate . 

.  11 

9 

169 

inspectors,  right  of  entry . . 

.  10 

9 

169 

restriction  as  to  making . 

.  6 

9 

168 

rules  and  regulations  . 

.  2 

9 

167 

under : 

license . 

.  1 

9 

167 

special  license  . 

.  1 

9 

167 

special  permit  . 

.  1 

9 

167 

use : 

current  supplying  . 

. .  12 

9 

169 

discontinuing  current  . 

.  13 

9 

169 

violations,  punishment  . 

.  700 

9 

231 

Elevated  railroads : 

cuspidors  on  station  platforms . 

.  2 

19 

352 

protection  of  streets  beneath . 

.  1 

19 

352 

stands  or  booths  under  stairways  to . 

.  149 

23 

439 

Elevators : 

classified  . 

.  560 

5 

134 

allowable  number  in  shaft . 

.  373 

5 

106 

freight : 

defined  . . . . ....... 

.  560 

5 

134 

installation  or  alteration  . . 

.  562 

5 

135 

inspection  and  certificate . 

5 

135 

notice  against  passenger  use... . . 

........  566 

5 

136 

passengers  upon,  prohibited  . . 

. .  566 

5 

136 

repairs  to  . . 

.........  562 

5 

135 

passenger  : 

defined  . . 

.• .  560 

5 

134 

accidents  to  . 

5 

136 

inspection  and  certificate  - - - 

. .  565 

5 

135 

installation  or  alteration  - - - 

. .  562 

5 

135 

maintenance  and  operation  . 

.  567 

5 

136 

operators  of,  qualifications  . 

.  567 

5 

136 

record  of  . 

.  564 

5 

135 

repairs  to  . 

.  562 

5 

135 

rules,  maintenance  and  operation..... . 

. . . . .  561 

5 

134 

Elevator  shafts: 

defined  . 

5 

105 

electric  wiring  in . 

9 

179 

enclosure  of . 

5 

106 

gates  and  trapdoors . 

5 

108 

machinery  compartment  opening  into . 

5 

106 

number  of  elevators  allowed  in . 

5 

106 

558 


INDEX. 


Emergency  lights,  electrical  . 

Emergency  switches  . 

Employees:  ( See  Officers  and  Employees  of  City.) 
Encroachments:  ( See  Projections  and  Encroachments.) 
Enforcement  of  code,  punishment  for  violations  not  other 

wise  specified  . 

Equalizers,  electrical.  ( See  Electrical  Code.) 

Essential  oils : 

defined  . 

storage  and  sale : 

fee  for  permit . 

regulated  . 

restrictions  . 

Essex  market,  location  of . 

Excavation  for  new  buildings : 

protection  of  adjoining  property . 

safeguards  required  . 

Excavations  in  streets : 

barriers,  guards  and  lights  for  private  purposes . 

permit : 

required  . 

fees,  Richmond  . 

public  service  corporations,  notice  to . 

replacement  of  pavement  . 

restoration  of  pavement: 

deposit  to  cover  cost . 

duty  of  borough  president . 

restrictions,  Richmond  . . 

rock  refills  . . 

workmen,  qualifications  of  . 

public  service  corporations  to  safeguard  their  property 

against  . 

public  works,  notice  to  public  service  corporations . 

responsibility  for  damages  caused  by . 

safeguards  required  for  . 

streets  may  be  temporarily  closed  for . . 

unsafe  conditions  due  to,  notice . . 

violations  of  provisions  relating  to,  duty  of  police . 

Excelsior  ( See  Combustible  Fibers.) 

Exhibition  buildings : 

classification  . 

construction : 

generally  . . 

details:  ( See  Specific  Subjects,  Building  Code.) 
Exhibitions :  ( See  Amusements  and  Exhibitions.) 

Exhibitions  in  parks,  permit  required . 

Exit  facilities  :  ( See  Exits.) 

Exit  lights,  electric . 


Sec. 

Chap. 

Page 

438  a 

9 

195 

424  a 

9 

183 

10 

27 

485 

1 

10 

233 

43 

10 

240 

255 

10 

285 

256 

10 

285 

22 

15 

334 

230 

5 

81 

230 

5 

81 

3 

23 

422 

90 

23 

429 

97 

23 

432 

94 

23 

431 

96 

23 

431 

91 

23 

430 

96 

23 

431 

92 

23 

430 

96 

23 

431 

93 

23 

430 

94 

23 

431 

94 

23 

431 

4 

23 

423 

3 

23 

422 

1 

23 

422 

2 

23 

422 

98 

23 

432 

70 

5 

58 

71-73 

5 

58 

12 

17 

342 

438  a 

9 

195 

559 


INDEX.  . 


Exits : 

generally : 

definitions  . 

alterations  of . 

diagrams  of,  posting . 

doorways  and  doors . 

exterior  stairways  . 

existing  buildings  . 

fire  escapes  . 

fire  towers  . 

hallways  . 

horizontal  . 

jurisdiction . 

lighting  . 

number  . 

obstruction  of,  prohibited . 

signs  and  red  lights . 

buildings  of  a  public  character . 

motion  picture  theatres . 

theatres  . 

obstruction  of : 

buildings  of  a  public  character . 

motion  picture  theatres . 

theatres  . . . 

posting,  diagrams  of,  in : 

hotels,  lodging  houses  and  institutions . 

motion  picture  theatres . 

theatres  . 

Explosive  article:  ( See  Explosives  and  Hazardous  Trades.) 

Explosive  compound :  (See  Explosives  and  Hazardous 
Trades.) 

Explosive  mixture:  (See  Explosives  and  Hazardous  Trades.) 

Explosives  and  hazardous  trades : 

construction  of  provisions  relating  to . 

definitions  . 

electrical  perils,  safeguards  against . 

enumeration : 

acids  . 

acetylene  gas  . 


barbers’  supplies  . 

black  powder  . 

blasting  caps  . 

blasting  powder  . 

calcium  carbide  . 

coal  tar  products . . 

collodion  . 


Sec.  Chap.  Page 


150 

160 

159 

158 

154 
161 
162 

155 
157 

156 
161 

159 
152 
159 
159 

490 
503 
527 

491 
159 

34 

527 

21 

34 

527 


5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

3 

5 

12 

3 

5 


69 

73 

73 

73 

72 

73 

74 

72 

73 

72 

73 
73 
69 
73 
73 

122 

124 


122 

73 

36 

128 

301 

36 

128 


confectioners’  supplies 


2 

10 

235 

1 

10 

232 

7 

10 

236 

43 

10 

240 

212 

10 

277 

250-253 

10 

284 

80,81 

10 

253 

43 

10 

240 

68 

10 

250 

67 

10 

249 

68 

10 

250 

205-207 

10 

274 

110 

10 

259 

43 

10 

240 

140-142 

10 

266 

43 

10 

240 

250-253 

10 

284 

270-279 

10 

286 

560 


INDEX. 


Explosives  and  hazardous  trades — Continued: 
enumeration — Continued  ; 
drug  stores: 

wholesale  . . . 

retail  . . . 

dynamite  . . . 

electric  blasting  caps . 

electric  light  and  power  stations . 

essential  oils  . 

fire  crackers . 

fireworks  . . . 

fuel  oil  . . 

garage  . 

gases  under  pressure . . . 

gas  fixture  factories.. . 

gun  cotton  . 

hydro-carbons  . 

illuminating  oils  . 

inflammable  mixtures  . 

inflammable  motion  picture  film . 

kerosene  . 

liquors  . . . 

liquified  chlorine  . 

lubricating  oils  . 

machine  oils . . . 

matches  . 

motion  picture  film  (inflammable) 

motor-vehicle  repair  shop . 

nickel-plating  plants  . . 

nitro-cellulose  products  . . 

nitro-glycerine  . 

oils  and  fats . 

oils,  mineral . . 

oxygen  blow-pipes  . . 

paints,  oils  and  varnishes . 

petroleum  . 

photo-engravers  . 

powder . 

refrigerating  plants  . 

rubber  cement . 

safety  fuel  . 

smokeless  powder  . . 

soda  water  and  carbonated  beverages, 
soluble  cotton  . 

technical  establishments  . 

theatre  buildings  restricted  against.... 
volatile  inflammable  oils . 

Federal  government,  exemption . 

fees : 

certificates  . . . . ...... 

permits  . 


Sec. 

Chap. 

Page 

...  270-279 

10 

286 

10 

291 

10 

245 

67 

10 

249 

43 

10 

240 

43 

10 

241 

. . .  90-95 

10 

254 

. . .  90-95 

10 

254 

...  110-117 

10 

259 

...  150-159 

10 

267 

...  210-214  a 

10 

275 

43 

10 

241 

61 

10 

245 

110 

10 

259 

...  110-117 

10 

259 

...  130-132 

10 

263 

...  240-246 

10 

283 

...  110-117 

10 

259 

...  250-253 

10 

280 

214a 

10 

278 

116 

10 

262 

116 

10 

262 

...  100-103 

10 

257 

..  240-246 

10 

283 

...  170-171 

10 

270 

43 

10 

242 

...  230-234 

10 

281 

. . .  61 

10 

245 

...  255,256 

10 

285 

...  110-117 

10 

259 

213 

10 

278 

...  200-202 

10 

273 

...  110-117 

10 

259 

43 

10 

243 

68 

10 

250 

..  216-221 

10 

280 

43 

10 

243 

67 

10 

249 

68 

10 

250 

214 

10 

278 

61 

10 

245 

230 

10 

281 

..  260-262 

10 

285 

536 

5 

133 

114 

10 

261 

3 

10 

236 

..  42 

10 

239 

43 

10 

240 

561 


INDEX. 


Explosives  and  hazardous  trades — Continued:  Sec.  Chap.  Page 

fees — Continued: 

charitable  institutions,  not  required  to  pay  fee .  45  10  244 

special  permits  .  44  10  244 

disposition  of  .  6  10  236 

jurisdiction  of  fire  commissioner: 

certificate  of  approval .  22  10  238 

fitness .  21  10  237 

registration  .  23  10  238 

inspection  of  certificates  or  permits .  27  10  238 

modification  of  regulations .  25  10  238 

permits  .  24  10  238 

special  permits  .  25  10  238 

magazines  for  explosives .  63  10  246 

manufacture  of  explosives .  62  10  245 

marking  .  62  10  245 

packing  .  62  10  245 

requirements : 

bonds,  general  provisions .  40  10  239 

schedule  . 41  10  239 

electrical  peril  safeguards . . .  7  10  236 

fees,  certificates  .  42  10  239 

permits  .  11  10  236 

fire  extinguishing  equipment .  9  10  236 

permits  ( See  Specific  Subject) .  43  10  240 

restrictions:  ( See  Specific  Subject.) 

revenues,  fees  and  fines,  disposition  of .  6  10  236 

seizure  of  contraband  explosives .  5  10  236 

storage  and  sale  of  explosives: 

bond  .  41  10  239 

generally  .  61  10  245 

magazines  .  63  10  246 

fuses  and  caps .  67  10  249 

powder  (black,  blasting,  smokeless) .  68  10  250 

supervision  .  61  10  245 

transportation  of  explosives : 

generally  .  61  10  245 

by  vehicle  .  64  10  248 

by  vessel  .  65  10  248 

port  regulations  .  65  10  248 

reports  of  deliveries .  66  10  249 

supervision,  explosives  .  61  10  245 

unapproved  types  or  brands  of  explosives,  prohibited  61  10  245 

use  of  explosives,  blasting .  69  10  251 

violations  .  300  10  394 

Expresses : 

definition  .  60  14  313 

license  required  . 1  14  307 

fee  .  61  14  313 

licensed  drivers  required . 62  14  313 

proprietor  to  give  bond .  63  14  313 

regulation  of  charges . 64  14  313 


562 


INDEX. 


Sec.  Chap.  Page 

Expressmen : 

license  required .  1  14  307 

fee  .  62  14  313 

Exterior  hoists : 

classification  of  .  70  14  314 

license,  required  .  . . .  1  14  307 

fee  .  70  14  314 

warning  signs  .  71  14  314 

Exterior  stairways :  ( See  Building  Code.) 

construction  .  154  5  72 

fire-proofing  .  154  5  72 

Extra-high  potential  system  ( See  Electrical  Code.) 

F. 

F.,  signifies  “Fahrenheit” .  1  10  233 

Factories  and  factory  buildings : 
definition  of  factory: 

generally  .  1  20  355 

utensils  for  food  and  drink .  143  20  382 

classification  .  70  5  58 

cleanliness  .  55  20  366 

construction : 

generally  .  71-73  5  58 

details:  ( See  Specific  Subjects,  Building  Code.) 
specially : 

fireproof  shutters  and  doors .  375  5  108 

boiler-rooms,  ladders  from .  152  5  69 

fire-alarm  system  .  20  12  301 

fire-extinguishing  appliances : 

generally  .  20  12  301 

buildings  over  85  feet  in  height .  581  5  137 

heating  facilities  .  55  20  366 

lights : 

adequacy  .  55  20  366 

protection  of  .  23  12  302 

occupancy,  over-crowding  .  56  20  366 

restrictions,  explosives  and  hazardous  trades :  ( See 

Specific  Subject.) 

sanitary  requirements,  generally .  55  20  366 

spitting  in,  prohibited  .  213  20  392 

theatre  buildings  not  to  be  occupied  by .  535  5  133 

towels,  common  use .  214  20  393 

utensils  for  food  and  drink .  I43  20  382 

ventilation  . ...; .  55  20  366 

Factors  of  safety,  determination  of .  50  5  53 

Fairs  and  exhibitions,  construction  of  buildings  for .  479  5  12I 

Farcy : 

animals  afflicted  with,  disposition .  3  20  358 

cases  to  be  reported  by  owners  of  animals .  3  20  358 

veterinarians  to  report  cases  of .  3  20  358 


563 


INDEX. 


Farmers : 

Sec. 

Chap. 

Page 

market  licenses  . 

50 

15 

336 

wagons  . 

51 

15 

337 

peddlers’  licenses  not  required  by . 

130 

14 

326 

privileges  in  Wallabout  Market . 

30 

15 

335 

Fat,  rendering,  regulated . 

324 

20 

406 

329 

20 

407 

Feathers : 

blowing  about  of  loose,  prevention . 

253 

20 

400 

Federal  government,  officers  and  buildings: 
exempt  from  operation  of : 

electrical  control  regulations . 

3 

9 

167 

explosives  and  hazardous  trades,  regulations . 

3 

10 

236 

Fees : 

city  officers  pay  no  fees  for  explosive  permits . 

4 

10 

236 

disposition  of  fees  for  explosive  permits . 

6 

10 

236 

Fences : 

construction,  generally  . 

477 

5 

120 

partition  . 

210 

5 

79 

temporarv  construction  . 

192 

5 

77 

wooden  . 

477 

5 

120 

Ferris  wheel : 

a  common  Show . 

60 

3 

40 

construction  and  operation  . 

560-568 

5 

134 

Ferry-boat,  spitting  prohibited  in . 

213 

20 

392 

Ferry-house,  towel  service  in  lavatories . 

214 

20 

393 

Ferry  terminals,  included  in  “waterfront  property” . 

1 

1 

9 

Fertilizers,  manufacture  prohibited . 

324 

20 

406 

Filling  in  land,  dead  animals  or  other  offensive  materials 

must  not  be  used  in . 

252 

20 

400 

Filling  in  walls,  frame  buildings . 

473 

5 

120 

Fines  and  penalties : 

disposition  of,  generally . 

5 

2 

’  15 

explosive  violations  . 

6 

10 

236 

Fire  alarm  telegraph : 

injury  to  or  defacement  of  apparatus . 

5 

12 

299 

unauthorized  or  unnecessary  use  of . 

5 

12 

299 

Fire  alarms : 

fire  department  connection . 

20 

12 

301 

interior  or  building  systems . 

21 

12 

301 

Fire  apparatus,  use  of  park  drives . 

33 

17 

344 

Firearms : 

cannon  firing,  regulated . 

4 

11 

297 

carrying  or  keeping  pistols,  permits . . . 

1 

11 

295 

discharging  prohibited,  generally . 

2 

11 

295 

in  parks  . . . 

17 

17 

342 

where  permitted  . 

2 

11 

295 

sale  of  toy-pistols,  prohibited . 

3 

11 

296 

violations  . 

5 

11 

297 

Fire  axes:  ( See  Fire  Extinguishing  Appliances.) 

564 


INDEX. 


Sec. 

Chap. 

Page 

Firebacks : 

construction  . < . 

393 

5 

112 

heaters  in . , . 

393 

5 

112 

mantels,  attachment  to . 

393 

5 

112 

Fireboards,  construction  . 

393 

5 

112 

Fire  commissioner : 

bond  of  . . . 

270 

2 

28 

jurisdiction : 

explosives  and  combustibles . 

10 

232 

fire  extinction  . 

12 

298 

fire  prevention  . 

12 

298 

harbor  fires  . 

1 

12 

298 

motion  picture  theatres,  construction . 

33 

3 

36 

fire  extinguishing  equipment . 

36 

3 

37 

theatres  . 

537 

5 

134 

unlawful  signs  . 

217 

23 

452 

Firecrackers:  ( See  Fireworks.) 

Fire  department:  ( See  Departments,  Bureaus,  Boards  and 

Commissions;  Fires.) 

exemption  as  to  parades . 

38 

24 

466 

reinstatement  of  employees . 

10 

16 

339 

right  of  way  of  apparatus  and  men . . . 

15 

24 

460 

speed  regulations,  exemption . 

17 

24 

462 

uniformed  force : 

reinstatement  of  members . 

10 

16 

339 

theatre  duty  . _ . 

8 

3 

32 

Fire  doors : 

automatic,  defined  . 

370 

5 

105 

covering  exterior  openings . 

375 

5 

108 

fire  commissioner  may  require . 

20 

12 

301 

night  closing  of . 

375 

5 

108 

self-closing  defined  . 

370 

5 

105 

testing  and  approving . 

376 

5 

109 

Fire  drills  in  schools,  interference  with . 

22 

12 

302 

Fire-escapes : 

buildings  requiring,  generally . 

162 

5 

74 

motion  picture  theatres . 

503 

5 

124 

theatres  . 

527 

5 

128 

incumbering : 

penalty  . 

162 

5 

74 

policemen  and  firemen  to  report . 

162 

5 

74 

windows  or  doors  opening  upon,  fire  protection . 

375 

5 

108 

Fire-extinguishing  appliances : 

generally  . 

580 

5 

136 

20 

12 

301 

special  requirements : 

apartment  houses  . 

20 

12 

301 

asylums  . 

20 

12 

301 

boarding-houses  . 

20 

12 

301 

churches  . 

20 

12 

301 

565 


INDEX. 


Sec.  Chap.  Page 

Fire-extinguishing  appliances — Continued : 
special  requirements — Continued : 

hospitals  .  20  12  301 

hotels  .  20  12  301 

lodging  houses  .  20  12  301 

manufactories  .  20  12  301 

motion  picture  theatres .  36  3  37 

music  halls  .  20  12  301 

office  buildings  .  20  12  301 

places  of  instruction,  amusement  or  worship .  20  12  301 

schools  .  20  12  301 

stores  .  20  12  301 

theatres  .  524  5  127 

tenement  houses  .  20  12  301 

warehouses  .  20  12  301 

standpipes  .  580  5  136 

Fire  hooks  ( See  Fire  extinguishing  appliances.) 

Fire  hose,  protection  of .  3  12  299 

Fire  houses : 

classification  .  70  5  58 

construction : 

generally  .  71-73  5  58 

details:  ( See  Specific  Subjects,  Building  Code.) 

Fire  hydrants : 

obstruction  of  .  4  12  299 

opening  or  tampering  with .  4  12  299 

Fire  limits : 

Bronx  .  90  5  60 

Brooklyn  .  90  5  60 

Manhattan  .  90  5  60 

Queens  .  90  5  60 

suburban  .  91  5  64 

Firemen : 

details  to  theatres  and  places  of  amusement .  8  3  32 

reports  of  incumbered  fire-escapes .  162  5  74 

hospital  care  and  treatment .  5  13  306 

Fire  partition: 

defined  .  370  5  105 

construction  .  372  5  106 

Fire  places : 

construction  .  393  5  112 

notice  of  installation  or  alteration .  390  5  110 

Fire  prevention: 

generally  .  20  12  301 

ashes  .  29  12  304 

chimneys  and  flues .  30  12  304 

elevators  in  certain  buildings  in  readiness .  20  a  12  301 

explosives  and  hazardous  trades :  ( See  Specific  Explo¬ 
sives  or  Trade.) 

exterior  openings,  protection  of .  375  5  108 


566 


INDEX. 


Fire  prevention — Continued: 

Sec. 

Chap. 

Page 

factories  . 

20 

12 

301 

fire-alarm  equipment  . 

fire-extinguishing  appliances : 

20,21 

12 

301 

generally  . 

specifically:  ( See  Fire-extinguishing  Appliances.) 
fireproof  construction  and  fireproofing:  ( See  Building 
Code.) 

fire  stop:  (See  Building  Code.) 

20 

12 

301 

hotels,  lodging  houses,  hospitals  and  other  institutions . . 

20,21 

12 

301 

lights  . 

23 

12 

301 

motion  picture  theatres . 

35 

3 

36 

schools,  fire  drills . 

22 

12 

301 

smoking,  cigars,  etc . 

26 

12 

303 

stables  and  barns . 

storage : 

27 

12 

304 

combustible  fiber  . 

24 

12 

302 

wooden  packing  boxes,  etc . 

theatres:  (See  Specific  Subject,  Building  Code.) 

25 

12 

303 

vessels,  to  be  equipped  with  spark  arresters . 

30  a 

12 

304 

violations,  punishment  . 

Fireproof  buildings : 

31 

12 

304 

defined  . 

71 

5 

58 

construction  . 

350-358 

5 

99 

protection  of  shafts  in . 

Fireproof  construction: 

373 

5 

approvals  . 

358 

5 

104 

exterior  windows  . 

357 

5 

104 

floors  and  roofs . 

354 

5 

101 

interior  finish  . 

356 

5 

104 

iron  and  steel  work . 

351 

5 

9 

masonry  . 

352 

5 

101 

partitions  . 

355 

5 

103 

reinforced  concrete  . 

353 

5 

101 

structures  required  to  be . 

72 

5 

59 

walls  . 

350 

5 

99 

Fireproof  floors,  classification  and  specifications  of . 

354 

5 

101 

Fireproofing  appliances  and  materials,  test  and  approval . 

Fireproof  shutters  and  doors : 

376 

5 

109 

buildings  requiring . 

375 

5 

108 

construction  . 

375 

5 

108 

use,  night  closing . 

375 

5 

108 

Fire  retarding  materials,  defined . 

Fires : 

1 

10 

233 

chimney  and  flue . 

30 

12 

304 

elevators  in  certain  buildings,  in  readiness . 

20  a 

12 

301 

extinguishing  apparatus,  park  restriction . 

33 

17 

344 

false  alarms  . 

5 

12 

299 

fire  alarm  telegraph . 

5 

12 

299 

fire  hydrants,  protection . 

4 

12 

299 

harbor  or  vessel . 

1 

12 

298 

hose  protection  at . 

3 

12 

299 

567 


INDEX. 


Fires — Continued:  Sec.  Chap.  Page 

removal  of  idle  or  suspicious  persons  from  scenes  of...  2  12  298 

right  of  way  of  apparatus  going  to .  15  24  460 

street,  permits  required  for .  6  12  300 

vessels,  to  be  equipped  with  spark  arresters .  30  a  12  304 

violations  .  8  12  300 

Fire  shutters: 

construction  .  375  5  108 

testing  and  approving .  376  5  109 

use,  night  closing  of .  375  5  108 

Fire-stops,  frame  buildings .  284  5  92 

Fire  towers: 

required,  where  .  152  5  69 

construction  .  155  5  72 

Fire  walls : 

defined  .  370  5  105 

construction  .  371  5  105 

Fire  windows,  wire  glass  required  in . 375  5  109 

Fire  wood,  sale  regulated .  32  26  480 

Fireworks : 

defined  .  1  10  233 

firecrackers : 

fees  for  permits  relating  to .  43  10  241 

warehouse  storage  .  92  10  255 

manufacture  : 

bond  .  41  10  239 

fee  for  permit .  43  10  241 

generally  .  90  10  254 

prohibited  types  .  90, 91  10  254 

storage,  sale  and  transportation : 

fee  for  permit . 43  10  241 

fire  crackers,  warehouse  storage .  92  10  255 

requirements  . 92  10  255 

restrictions  . . .  92  10  255 

types,  prohibited,  local  trade.* .  93  10  256 

foreign  trade  .  94  10  256 

use  or  discharge  of : 

bond  required  .  41  10  239 

permit  necessary .  95  10  257 

fee  for  permit .  43  10  241 

Fourth  of  July . 95  10  257 

prohibited  in  parks . 17  17  342 

restrictions  .  95  10  257 

violations,  punishment  .  300  10  294 

Firm,  included  in  “person” .  119 

Fish  : 

defined  . 1  20  355 

inspection  .  136  20  379 

spoiled,  condemnation  and  destruction .  137  20  379 

Fishing  in  park  waters . 14  17  342 

Fish  trade:  ( See  Fish.) 

structures  on  water-front  property .  32  8  157 

water  rates  for  stands .  21  25  470 


568 


INDEX . 


Sec.  Chap.  Page 

Fittings,  materials  and  details  of  construction:  ( See  Elec¬ 
trical  Code.) 

Fixtures,  electrical:  ( See  Electrical  Code.) 

Flashers,  sign:  ( See  Electrical  Code.) 

Flax:  ( See  Combustible  Fibers.) 

Flexible  cord,  electrical  use:  ( See  Electrical  Code.) 

Flexible  tubing:  ( See  Electrical  Code.) 

Floating  docks,  construction  and  maintenance .  34  8  158 

Floor  area,  defined .  150  5  69 

Floor  lights,  construction .  444  5 

Floor  loads : 

generally  .  53  5  56 

business  buildings  .  55  5  57 

Floor  openings:  ( See  Floors.) 

Floors : 

cellar  .  441  5  118 

construction  safeguards  .  195  5  78 

ducts  in,  fireproofing .  402  5  114 

fireproof  . 354  5  101 

lights  in  .  444  5  119 

protection  of  openings  in .  196  5  78 

safe  loads : 

business  buildings  . 55  5  57 

generally  . 53  5  56 

smokepipes  through  .  403  5  115 

Florists,  water  rents .  21  25  470 

Flower-pots,  prohibited  on  window  ledges .  250  23  455 

Flue-fires,  punishment  for  permitting .  30  12  304 

Flues : 

defined  .  390  5  110 

classified  .  390  5  110 

construction : 

generally  .  392  5  111 

chimney  .  392  5  111 

lining  .  392  5  111 

underground  smoke,  construction .  396  5 

vent  .  401  5  114 

fires  in  . 30  12  304 

installation  or  alteration  notice . 390  5  110 

maintenance  . 392  5  111 

on  adjoining  property,  raising .  392  5  111 

Flushing  bridge  (Queens),  location .  1  4  43 

Food: 

defined  . 1  20  355 

71  20  368 

adulterated,  defined  and  sale  prohibited .  139  20  380 

blends,  brands  and  compounds  of .  139  20  380 

brands  .  139  20  380 

compounds  .  139  20  380 

569 


INDEX. 


Sec. 

Chap. 

Page 

Food — Continued: 
cold  storage: 

defined  . 

71 

20 

368 

mark  required . 

72 

20 

368 

period  of,  permitted . 

73 

20 

368 

re-storage  prohibited  . 

74 

20 

368 

seller  must  disclose  character . 

75 

20 

368 

condemnation  and  destruction  of  unfit . 

137 

20 

379 

confectionery,  adulteration  . 

139 

20 

380 

cooking  utensils,  care  . 

144 

20 

382 

dairy  products,  adulterated  or  unwholesome . 

151 

20 

383 

deleterious,  poisonous  or  unwholesome  substances  in... 

141 

20 

381 

eggs  . 

331 

20 

408 

false  name  or  quality . 

140 

20 

381 

illness  caused  by  unfit,  report  required . 

93 

20 

371 

imitations  . 

139 

20 

380 

manufacture  of : 

employees  to  be  free  from  venereal  disease . 

146 

20 

382 

processes  to  accord  with  health  regulations . 

148 

20 

383 

premises  to  be  clean  and  wholesome . 

147 

20 

383 

sidewalk  displays  of . 

142 

20 

381 

storage  place  of . . 

148 

20 

383 

stores  and  other  places  selling,  maintenance . 

151 

20 

383 

utensils  used  in  preparing  or  serving . . 

144 

20 

382 

Footings  of  foundations,  specifications . . 

233 

5 

82 

Footing  stones  ( See  Footings  of  Foundations.) 

Foreign  electrical  currents,  safeguards  against . . 

..  685,686 

9 

228 

Foundation  piers  and  caissons,  constructions . 

234 

5 

83 

Foundations  of  buildings : 

construction,  generally  . 

232 

5 

82 

excavations  for  . 

230 

5 

81 

footings  . 

233 

5 

82 

grillages  . . 

233 

5 

82 

metal  work  in  protection . . 

232 

5 

82 

piers  and  caissons . . 

234 

5 

83 

pile  construction . 

235 

5 

83 

soil,  bearing  capacity . 

231 

5 

82 

walls  . 

236 

5 

84 

Foundation  walls,  construction . 

236 

5 

84 

Foundry  cupolas,  construction  of . 

395 

5 

113 

Fourth  of  July,  discharge  of  fireworks  on . 

95 

10 

257 

Fowl : 

keeping,  killing  or  selling;  permit . 

. .  19, 20 

20 

360 

meager,  sickly  or  unwholesome,  sale  prohibited . 

160 

20 

38 

sale  of,  requirements  as  to  condition . . 

34 

26 

480 

slaughtering,  permit  . . . 

325 

20 

407 

Frame  buildings : 

defined  . 

71 

5 

58 

alteration  . . 

480 

5 

121 

570 


INDEX . 


Frame  buildings — Continued : 
construction : 

Sec. 

471 

Chap. 

5 

Page 

119 

bay  windows  . 

480 

5 

121 

generally  . 

.  470-481 

5 

119 

enlarging  . 

5 

66 

extending  . . . 

5 

121 

fire  limit  restriction . 

5 

60 

height  . 

.  470 

5 

119 

increasing  height  . 

.  480 

5 

121 

lot  area,  allowable  use  for . 

5 

119 

_  94 

5 

66 

repair  of  . 

5 

66 

suburban  constructions  . 

5 

64 

.  478 

5 

121 

to  fill  out  frame  row . 

5 

66 

Framing  or  connecting,  iron  or  steel  construction . 

.  304 

5 

94 

Freezing,  precautions  against,  brick  work . 

5 

85 

Freight  elevators  :  ( See  Elevators.) 

Fresh  Kills  bridge  (Richmond),  location . 

4 

43 

Fruit  skins: 

must  not  be  thrown  on  sidewalks . 

.  12 

22 

418 

venders  to  post  notices  concerning . 

.  12 

22 

418 

Fuel  oil: 

defined  . 

.  1 

10 

234 

storage,  general  requirements . 

.  111.112 

10 

257 

permit  fee  . 

.  43 

10 

241 

transportation  and  delivery . 

.  113 

10 

259 

Funerals : 

infectious  disease  victims . 

.  102 

20 

373 

public  or  church,  infectious  disease . 

.  103 

20 

373 

Furnaces : 

classified  . 

391 

5 

110 

installation  or  alteration,  notice  required . 

390 

5 

110 

Furnished  room  houses,  exits . 

.  152 

5 

69 

Furring,  in  walls . 

.  262 

5 

90 

Fuses,  electrical:  ( See  Electrical  Code.) 

Fuses  and  caps,  explosive : 

manufacture  prohibited  . 

.  67 

10 

249 

storage,  transportation  and  sale : 

general  . 

.  67 

10 

249 

G. 

Gambling,  in  parks . 

.  17 

17 

342 

Gansevoort  market,  location  of . 

.  24 

15 

335 

Garage : 
defined : 

building  construction  . 

.  2 

5 

45 

explosives  and  hazardous  trades . 

.  1 

10 

234 

571 


INDEX. 


Sec. 

Chap. 

Page 

Garage — Continued: 

classification  . 

70 

5 

58 

permit  required  for,  exemption . 

150 

10 

267 

fee  . 

43 

10 

241 

construction : 

generally  . 

71-73 

5 

58 

in  buildings  classified  as  dwellings . 

154 

10 

267 

exits  . 

152 

5 

69 

storage  : 

without  storage  tanks . 

152 

10 

267 

fire  prevention  requirements . 

159 

10 

269 

in  buildings  having  dwelling  occupancies . 

154 

10 

268 

lighting  system  . 

158 

10 

269 

442 

9 

200 

public  garage : 

defined,  generally  . 

108 

14 

322 

departure  and  arrival  of  cars  and  chauffeurs,  record 

108 

14 

322 

storage  garage: 
permit : 


required,  exemption  . 

.  150 

10 

267 

fee  . 

.  43 

10 

241 

construction  . 

.  152 

10 

267 

oil  separators  . 

.  155 

10 

268 

restrictions  . 

.  150 

10 

267 

supervision  . 

.  153 

10 

267 

storage  system . . 

.  156 

10 

268 

supplying  vehicles  . 

.  157 

10 

268 

Garbage : 

defined  . 

.  1 

20 

355 

accumulations  of,  prohibited . 

.  242 

20 

396 

carrying  through  streets . 

.  240 

20 

396 

casting  into  streets . 

.  10 

22 

417 

collection  and  removal  of : 

by  street  cleaning  department . 

.  248 

20 

398 

by  private  agencies . 

.  250 

20 

399 

required  . 

.  243-245 

20 

397 

deposits  of,  interference  with . 

.  11 

22 

418 

public  waters  to  be  kept  free  of . 

.  122 

8 

165 

receptacles : 

required  . 

.  248 

20 

398 

interference  with  . 

.  249 

20 

399 

transportation : 

Barren  island  service . 

.  238 

20 

396 

vehicles,  care  of . 

.  244 

20 

397 

vessels,  restrictions  . 

.  245 

20 

397 

Garden  produce: 

docks  for  vessels  transporting . 

.  14 

8 

155 

market  facilities  for  raisers  of . 

.  30 

15 

335 

50 

15 

336 

wagons,  transporting  . . . . . 

.  51 

15 

337 

572 

INDEX. 


Gas  (illuminating)  : 

installation  of  appliances  for  use : 

generally  . 

electric  lighting  devices . 

ninine1-  . 

Sec. 

687 

600 

Chap. 

5 

9 

5 

Page 

137 

231 

137 

138 

shut  off  valves . 

601 

5 

tests  of  piping . . 

603 

5 

138 

manufacture : 

generally  . . . . 

333 

20 

408 

sewer  protection  . . 

333 

20 

408 

vapors,  escape  of  injurious . 

333 

20 

408 

poisoning  by,  reports  of  cases . . 

92 

20 

371 

Gas  appliances,  installation : 

electric  lighting  . 

687 

9 

231 

generally  . 

5 

137 

Gases  under  pressure: 

acetylene : 

permit  to  compress,  store  or  sell . 

210 

10 

'  275 

fee  . 

10 

241 

requirements  and  restrictions . 

212 

10 

277 

Blaugas,  generally  . 

210 

10 

275 

generally : 

permit  to  compress,  store  or  sell . 

210 

10 

275 

fee  . 

10 

241 

requirements  and  restrictions . 

211 

10 

275 

Pintsch  gas,  generally . 

210 

10 

275 

liquified  chlorine,  generally . 

214  a 

10 

278 

soda  water  and  carbonated  beverages,  generally _ _ 

214 

10 

278 

use  in  the  trades : 

approved  appliances  required . 

213 

10 

278 

oxygen  blow-pipes . . . 

213 

10 

278 

portable  generators  . 

213 

10 

278 

Gas  fixtures,  fee  for  permit  to  manufacture . 

. 43 

10 

241 

Gasoline:  (See  Volatile  Inflammable  Oils.) 

Gas  plants,  sanitary  construction . 

333 

20 

408 

Gas  producers : 

classified  . 

.  391 

5 

110 

installation  or  alteration  of,  notice  required . 

390 

5 

110 

Gates : 

areaway  . 

....  161 

23 

444 

cellar  . 

164 

23 

444 

grade  crossing  . 

32 

19 

353 

Geese : 

keeping,  yarding  . 

11 

20 

359 

killing,  selling  . 

19 

20 

360 

Gender,  masculine,  includes  others . 

2 

5 

45 

Generators,  electrical  . 

201 

9 

170 

German  measles,  reports  of  cases . 

86 

20 

369 

Girders  in  buildings : 

iron  or  steel . 

303 

5 

94 

wood  . 

.  280 

5 

91 

573 


INDEX . 


Glanders : 

Sec. 

Chap. 

Page 

animals  afflicted  with,  disposition . . 

3 

20 

358 

cases  to  be  reported  by  owners  of  animals . 

3 

20 

358 

in  humans,  cases  to  be  reported . 

86 

20 

369 

veterinarians  to  report  cases . 

2 

20 

358 

Glass  and  glassware: 

must  not  be  cast  about  upo'n  beaches  and  parks . 

3  a 

27 

482 

in  streets  . 

10 

22 

417 

253 

23 

455 

Glue-making,  restrictions  . 

324 

20 

406 

Goats,  keeping  or  yarding . 

11 

20 

359 

Gold,  dealing  in  second-hand  articles  of . 

40 

14 

310 

Gonorrhea,  cases  to  be  reported . 

88 

20 

370 

Gradients : 

motion  picture  theatres . 

502 

5 

123 

theatres  . 

527 

5 

128 

Grain  elevators : 

classified  . 

construction : 

70 

5 

58 

generally  . 

71-73 

5 

58 

Grand  avenue  and  concourse,  Bronx  traffic  regulation . 

37  a 

24 

465 

Grand  street  bridge  (Newtown  creek),  location . 

Granite:  ( See  Building  Materials.) 

Grasses:  ( See  Combustible  Fibers.) 

1 

4 

43 

Gravel,  bearing  capacity . 

231 

5 

82 

Greenhouses,  construction  . 

479 

5 

121 

Greenpoint  avenue  bridge  (Newtown  creek),  location . 

1 

4 

43 

Grillage  beams,  foundation  construction . 

233 

5 

82 

Grillages,  in  foundations . 

Ground  connection :  ( See  Electrical  Code.) 

233 

5 

82 

Ground  detectors,  when  required . 

Grounding:  ( See  Electrical  Code.) 

Ground  signs :  ( See  Signs  and  Show-bills.) 

Ground  wires,  electrical:  ( See  Electrical  Code.) 

207  a 

9 

172 

Grounds,  testing  . . . 

207  • 

9 

172 

688 

9 

232 

Guard  strips,  inside  electrical  work . 

426  e 

9 

184 

Guncotton : 

defined  . 

storage,  sale,  use  or  possession : 

1 

10 

234 

permit  required  . 

61 

10 

245 

fee  ( See  Explosives) . . 

43 

10 

240 

restrictions  . . 

231 

10 

290 

Gut  cleaning,  prohibited . 

324 

20 

406 

Gutters  (roof),  construction  and  maintenance . 

422 

5 

116 

Gutters  (street)  : 

construction  . 

63 

23 

427 

remc/val  of  dirt  from . 

17 

22 

419 

Gymnasium,  responsibility  for  public  health  and  safety  in... 

574 

57 

20 

367 

INDEX . 


Sec. 

Chao. 

Paere 

Habit-forming  drugs : 

defined  . 

.  126 

20 

377 

distribution  or  sale . 

.  126 

20 

377 

label  statement  . 

.  116 

20 

374 

Hacks,  cabs,  taxicabs  and  sight-seeing  cars: 

defined,  respectively  . 

.  80 

14 

315 

exception  . 

.  81 

14 

315 

commissioner  of  licenses  controls . 

.  82 

14 

315 

driver’s  license : 

application  . 

.  90 

14 

317 

applicant’s  photograph  . 

.  92 

14 

318 

examination  . 

.  91 

14 

317 

fee  . . 

.  96 

14 

318 

form  and  term . 

.  93 

14 

318 

record  . 

.  98 

14 

319 

renewal  . 

.  95 

14 

318 

revocation  . 

.  97 

14 

318 

suspension  . 

.  97 

14 

318 

licensed  driver’s  badge . 

.  94 

14 

318 

licensed  vehicles,  inspection . 

.  88 

14 

317 

licenses  for  vehicles : 

application  . 

.  83 

14 

315 

fees  . 

.  '  86 

14 

316 

inspection  . 

.  84 

14 

315 

license  card  and  plate . 

.  i .  85 

14 

316 

register  . 

.  87 

14 

316 

revocation  . 

.  89 

14 

317 

suspension  . 

.  89 

14 

317 

park  restrictions  . 

.  34 

17 

344 

passengers’  property  found  in . 

.  107 

14 

322 

public  garages : 

defined  . 

.  108 

14 

322 

record  of  cars  and  chauffeurs . 

.  108 

14 

322 

rates  of  fare: 

generally  . 

.  102 

14 

320 

overcharge  . 

.  105 

14 

322 

prepayment  . 

.  103 

14 

321 

settlement  of  disputed . 

.  104 

14 

321 

taximeters  . 

.  101 

14 

320 

soliciting,  passengers,  “cruising” . 

.  106 

14 

322 

stands : 

designation  . 

.  99 

14 

319 

former,  abolished  . 

.  99 

14 

319 

regulation  of  hacks  at . 

.  100 

14 

319 

taximeters,  requirements  as  tcf . 

.  101 

14 

320 

violations;  punishment  . 

.  109 

14 

323 

Hair,  blowing  about  of  loose . 

.  253 

20 

400 

Hair  dyes,  sale  and  distribution . 

.  128 

20 

378 

Hallways,  dimensions  . 

.  157 

5 

73 

Hamilton  avenue  bridge  (Brooklyn)  location . 

.  1 

4 

42 

575 

INDEX. 


Hand  bills  : 

depositing  in  letter-boxes . 

must  not  be  thrown  about  in: 

parks  . 

streets,  yards  or  vestibules . 

Hand-organs : 

license  required  . . 

fee  . 

operation'  restricted  . 

Harbor  (Port  of  New  York)  : 

fires,  jurisdiction  . 

obstructions  to  navigation . 

polluting  or  fouling  waters . 

Hardpan,  bearing  capacity . 

Harway  avenue  bridge  (Brooklyn)  location . 

Hawkers:  ( See  Peddlers,  Hawkers,  and  Venders.) 

Hay  and  straw:  ( See  Combustible  Fibers.) 

Hazardous  trades:  ( See  Explosives  and  Hazardous  Trades.) 

Head  of  department;  acting  designation .  . 

Health  department : 
jurisdiction : 

generally:  ( See  Sanitary  Code.) 

motion-picture  theatres  . 

officers  and  employees,  interfering  with  or  obstructing. . 

Hearses,  park  restriction . 

Heaters  in  fire-places,  construction . . 

Heating  apparatus: 

alteration  in,  notice  to  bureau  of  buildings . 

ducts  .  . 

fire-places  . . 

heat  producing  devices  . 

hot  air  . . . 

hot  water  . 

metal  smokestacks  . . . 

ranges  and  stoves . 

registers  . 

smoke  pipes  . 

steam  . . . 

underground  flues  . 

vent  flues  . 

Heaters,  electric;  installation . 

Heat-producing  apparatus,  classified . 

Height  of  building : 

defined  . 

raising  or  lowering,  to  grade . 

Height  of  wall,  defined . 

Hemp  :  ( See  combustible  fibres.) 

Hides : 

curing  . 

dressing  and  tanning . 


Sec. 

Chap. 

Page 

15 

22 

418 

13 

17 

342 

15 

22 

418 

1 

14 

307 

170 

14 

330 

170 

14 

330 

1 

12 

298 

120 

8 

165 

122 

8 

165 

231 

5 

82 

1 

4 

43 

7 

1 

13 

33 

3 

36 

186 

20 

390 

33 

17 

344 

393 

5 

112 

390 

5 

110 

402 

5 

393 

5 

112 

391 

5 

110 

400-402 

5 

114 

404 

5 

394 

5 

112 

397 

5 

113 

400 

5 

114 

403 

5 

404 

5 

115 

396 

5 

113 

401 

5 

114 

425 

9 

184 

391 

5 

110 

2 

5 

45 

623 

5 

139 

250 

5 

85 

324 

20 

406 

328 

20 

407 

576 


INDEX . 


Sec. 

Chap. 

Page 

High  constant-potential  systems :  ( See  Electrical  Code.) 

Highway,  included  within  “street” . 

1 

9 

Hoistways,  interior : 

fireproofing  . 

5 

106 

Gates  and  guards . 

5 

108 

safeguards  against  accidents . 

374 

5 

108 

Hoistways,  within  stoop  lines;  authorization . 

148 

23 

439 

Hollow  brick,  wall  lining . 

262 

5 

90 

Hollow  building  blocks : 

classes  and  specifications . 

29 

5 

52 

fireproof  construction  . 

351 

5 

99 

masonry  construction  . 

254 

5 

87 

partitions  . 

355 

5 

103 

Hollow  walls,  construction . 

260 

5 

90 

Homes  for  children : 

cases  of  infectious  disease : 

patients  to  be  isolated . 

96 

20 

373 

reports  required  . 

91 

20 

371 

Hook-worm  disease,  cases  to  be  reported . 

86 

20 

369 

Horizontal  exit: 

defined  . 

150 

5 

69 

construction  . 

156 

5 

72 

Horse  racing: 
permitted : 

Harlem  speedway  . 

38 

17 

345 

Ocean  parkway  . 

39 

17 

345 

prohibited  in  streets  generally . . 

Horses : 

34 

24 

465 

contagiously  diseased,  keeping  or  importing . 

4 

20 

358 

dead  in  street,  identification  tag . . 

9 

20 

359 

flesh  of,  use  as  food . 

327 

20 

407 

obstruction  of  sidewalk  by . 

312 

20 

405 

skinning,  regulated  . . . 

, .  323,  324 

20 

406 

slaughter  for  food . 

327 

20 

407 

stray,  impounding  . 

2 

27 

481 

troughs  for  . 

44 

25 

472 

watering  . 

44 

25 

472 

yarding  . 

11 

20 

359 

Horses,  care  of . 

11 

24 

458 

Horse  troughs,  charges  for  water  supply . 

21 

25 

470 

Hose  connections,  to  buildings . 

170 

5 

74 

Hospitals : 

alarm  connection  with  fire  department . 

20 

12 

301 

classification  . . 

70 

5 

58 

construction : 

generally  . 

details :  ( See  Specific  Subjects,  Building  Code.) 

.  71-73 

5 

58 

diagram  of  exits,  halls,  stairways  and  fire-escapes . 

21  . 

12 

301 

discharge  of  fireworks  near . 

95 

10 

256 

establishment  and  maintenance  of,  private . 

220 

20 

394. 

exits  . 

152 

5 

69 

fire-extinguishing  appliances  . 

20 

12 

30 

577 


INDEX. 


Hospitals— Co  ntinued : 

firemen,  care  and  treatment . 

infectious  diseases : 

cases  to  be  reported . 

patients  to  be  isolated . 

interior  fire  alarms . 

lights,  safeguards  . 

patients : 

disposition  of  bodies  of  dead . 

emergency  cases  . 

incurable  . 

insane  . 

non-resident  . 

policemen,  care  and  treatment . 

protection  from  noises . 

puerperal  septicaema,  reports  of  cases . 

suppurative  conjunctivitis,  reports  of  cases . 

venereal  diseases  to  be  reported . 

watchmen  and  their  supervision . 

Hospital  streets,  regulation  of  traffic  and  noises . 

Hot  air  heating,  requirements . 

Hotels : 

classification  . 

construction : 

generally  . 

specific  subjects:  {See,  also,  Building  Code.) 

exits  . 

exits  to  roof . 

fire-escapes  . 

future,  to  be  fireproof . 

stairways  . . 

fire  prevention : 

alarm  connection  with  fire  department . 

diagram  of  exits,  halls,  stairways  and  fire-escapes... 

!  fire-extinguishing  equipment  . 

interior  fire-alarm  system . 

lights  to  be  safeguarded . . 

restrictions : 

explosives  and  hazardous  trades :  ( See  Specific 

Explosive  or  Trade.) 

theatre  buildings  not  to  be  used  as . 

runners  for,  regulation . 

false  impersonation  . 

spitting  on  floors . . . 

towels,  use  of  common . . . 

watchmen  and  their  supervision . 

Hot  water,  escape  into  sewers  prohibited . 

Hot  water  heating  plants,  installation . 

House  boats,  mooring  and  use . 

House  drains,  maintenance . . . 

House  moving: 

through  streets  . . . 

within  fire  limits . . . . 


Sec. 

Chap. 

Page 

5 

13 

306 

86 

20 

369 

96 

20 

372 

21  . 

12 

301 

23 

12 

302 

2 

13 

306 

1 

13 

306 

2 

13 

306 

3 

13 

306 

4 

13 

306 

5 

13 

306 

131 

23 

434 

91 

20 

371 

91 

20 

371 

86 

20 

369 

21 

12 

301 

131 

23 

434 

400-403 

5 

114 

70 

5 

58 

71-73 

5 

58 

152 

5 

69 

152 

5 

69 

162 

5 

74 

72 

5 

59 

153 

5 

70 

20 

12 

301 

21 

12 

301 

20 

12 

301 

21 

12 

301 

23 

12 

302 

536 

5 

133 

150 

14 

329 

153 

14 

329 

213 

20 

392 

214 

20 

393 

21 

12 

301 

22 

21 

416 

404 

5 

115 

360 

20 

413 

277 

20 

402 

144 

23 

438 

94 

5 

66 

578 


INDEX. 


House  numbering: 

controlled  by  borough  presidents . 

general  provisions  . 

required  of  owner,  agent  or  lessee . 

Hucksters:  ( See  Peddlers,  Hawkers  and  Venders.) 
Hunters  Point  avenue  bridge  (Queens),  location... 
Hydrants  (water  supply)  : 

interference  with  or  obstruction  of . 

use,  generally  . 

private  traffic  in  water . 

Hydro-carbon:  ( See  Coal  Tar  Products.) 

I. 

Ice,  sale  regulated . 

Ice  cream,  manufacture  or  importation . 

Ice  wagons,  scales  must  not  project . 

Illuminated  signs,  construction  and  maintenance . 

restrictions,  Fifth  avenue  (Manhattan) . 

Illuminating  oils  :  ( See  Mineral  Oils.) 

Imposed  loads,  columns  and  compression  members... 
Incandescent  lamp:  ( See  Electrical  Code.) 
Incumbrances  and  obstructions: 
in  streets : 

barber  poles  . 

building  material  . 

earth,  rocks,  rubbish . 

houses  being  moved . 

merchandise  . 

show  cases  . 

stands  within  stoop  lines . 

storm  doors  . . 

vehicles  . . . 

on  waterfront  property . 

removal  from  streets . . 

from  waterfront  property . 

storage  and  sale,  street . . 

waterfront . 

Inclosure  walls,  construction . 

Indecent  acts,  in  parks . 

Induction  coils :  ( See  Electrical  Code.) 

Infantile  paralysis,  report  of  cases . 

Infectious  diseases: 

denned  . . . . 

cases  to  be  reported . . 

deaths,  reports  of . . 

disinfecting  . 

exposure  to : 

general  public  . 

school  children  . 

hospitals  and  institutions,  reports  of  cases . 

negligent  handling  of . 


Sec. 

Chap. 

Page 

Ill 

23 

433 

110 

23 

433 

110 

23 

433 

1 

4 

43 

4 

12 

299 

5 

25 

468 

41 

25 

472 

33 

26 

480 

170 

20 

388 

35 

24 

465 

215 

23 

450 

215 

23 

451 

52 

5 

55 

145 

23 

438 

142 

23 

436 

143 

23 

437 

144 

23 

438 

152 

23 

442 

147 

23 

438 

149 

23 

439 

150 

23 

441 

152 

23 

442 

52,  53 

8 

159 

151, 152 

23 

441 

54 

8 

160 

152 

23 

441 

54,55 

8 

160 

257 

5 

88 

17 

17 

342 

86 

20 

369 

1 

20 

355 

86 

20 

369 

86 

20 

369 

90 

20 

371 

101 

20 

373 

100 

20 

373 

94 

20 

371 

86 

20 

369 

100 

20 

373 

579 


INDEX. 


Infectious  diseases— -Continued: 

Sec. 

Chap. 

Page 

patients : 

isolation  . . . . . „  „ . 

89 

20 

370 

removal  — _ , _ _ _ 

97,  98 

20  , 

372 

working . . 

99 

20 

372 

physicians  to  report  cases . . . . . 

86 

20 

369 

puerperal  septicaemia  . 

91. 

20 

371 

school  children,  generally.,... . . . 

94 

20 

371 

schools,  exclusion  of  pupils  having . . . . . 

94 

.  20 

371 

suppurative  conj unctivitis=  - - - - - - - - ... 

91 

20 

371 

tenement-house  workers  having . . . 

99 

20 

372 

venereal  diseases  are . . . 

88 

20 

370 

Inflammable  mixtures,  substances  or  compounds : 

defined  . .  .  . . . . 

1 

10 

234 

manufacture :  - 

permit,  required  . » » , . . . . 

130 

10 

263 

fee  . . . . . 

43 

10 

242 

requirements  . . . . . . . . . 

131 

10 

263 

restrictions  . . . 

131 

10 

263 

storage,  transportation  and  sale: 

permit,  required  . 

132 

10 

265 

fee  . . . 

43 

10 

242 

requirements  . 

132 

10 

265 

Inflammable  motion  picture  film : 

defined  . ! . . . . . 

1 

10 

234 

keeping  or  storing  (dealers)  : 

permit,  required  . 1 . . . . . . 

240 

10 

279 

fee  . . . . . . 

43 

ID 

242 

requirements : 

fire-prevention  . 

244 

10 

284 

storage  rooms  . 

242 

10 

283 

keeping  and  storing  (theatres)  : 

repairing,  piecing: 

dealers  . . ,  ...f . 

243 

10 

283 

in  theatres  . . . . . . 

35 

3 

36 

transportation  . . . 

246 

10 

284 

use,  approved  booth  required, . . . . 

245 

10 

284 

Injunction,  restraining  order  : 

Building  Code  violations . 

652 

5 

144 

unlicensed  theatres  _ _ ; . . ;....; . 

5 

3 

31 

Inoculation  with  living  bacterial  organisms : 

permits  for . . . . . .....: . . 

120 

•  20 

376 

registration  of  data  concerning . 

120 

20 

376 

Inquests : 

medical  examiners  to  report  findings  of . 

80 

20 

368 

Insane,  temporary  care . . . . . . . 

4 

13 

306 

Inside  work,  electrical:  ( See  Electrical  Code.) 

Insulating  joints:  ( See  Electrical  Code.) 

Insulating  platforms  :  ( See  Electrical  Code.) 

Insulation,  fixture  canopies .  430  a  9  192 


580 


INDEX. 


j  Sec.  Chap.  Page 

Insulation  resistance  :  ( See  Electrical  Code.) 

Insulator  spacing:  ( See  Electrical  Code.) 

Insurance  patrol: 

right  of  way  of  vehicles . . . . ........... . .  15  24  460 

speed  of  vehicles . . . . . :  .  .  17  24  461 

Institutions : 

infectious  diseases  in : . 

patients  to  be  isolated . . .  96  20  372 

report  of  cases .  86  20  369 

Interest  on  city  debt:  (See  City  Debt.) 

Interior  conduits :  (See  Electrical  Code.) 

Interior  hoistways:  (See  Hoistways,  Interior.) 

Interior  stairways,  construction .  153  5  70 

Interstate  commerce,  municipal  explosives  regulations  do  not 

apply  to  .  3  10  236 

Intoxicating  liquors  : 

places  selling,  may  not  sell  ammunition .  81  10  253 

sale  prohibited  in  places  of  amusement. ,  f ,  f , , ........  , ,  11  3  34 

Iron  and  steel  construction  specifications.. . . . . . ....  300-313  5  92 

Itinerant  musicians : 

license,  required  . 1  14  307 

fee  . . .  171  14  331 


J. 

Jails : 

classification  . . .  70  5  58 

construction : 


details:  (See  Specific  Subjects,  Building  Code.) 

Jefferson  market,  location  of .  25  15  335 

Joint  stock  association,  included  in  “person” .  119 

Joints,  electrical  construction:  (See  Electrical  Code.) 

Judgment  liens  (on  real  estate),  included  in  “real  property”  119 

Junction  and  flush  switchboxes :  (See  Electrical  Code.) 

Junk-boat:  (See  Junk  Dealers.) 

Junk-cart:  (See  Junk  Dealers.) 

Junk-dealers : 

defined  . 120  14  323 

license,  required  .  1  14  307 

fee  and  bond .  121  14  324 

lost  or  stolen  goods.... . .  125  14  325 

noises  by  . 154  23  435 

production  of  advertised  property .  125  14  325 

record  of  purchases . .  123  14  324 

reports  to  police  department .  124  14  325 

restrictions  on  business. . . . 122  14  324 

stock  may  be  inspected . 123  14  324 

violations  .  126  14  325 

Junk-man:  (See  Junk  Dealers.) 

Junk-shop :  (See  Junk  Dealers,) 

Jurors,  fees  . .  .  f .......  f .. . . .......  f ......... .  5  27  483 

Jute:  (See  Combustible  Fibers.) 


581 


INDEX. 


K. 


Kerosene:  ( See  Petroleum),  defined . 

Sec. 

1 

Chap. 

10 

Page 

234 

Kilns,  construction  . 

391,  392 

5 

110 

Kite-flying,  prohibited . 

5 

12 

299 

Knife  switches,  construction  . 

565  c,  k 

9 

212 

Knob  and  tube  work,  electrical . 

426  q 

9 

187 

Knobs,  electrical  . 

564 

9 

211 

Kreischerville  Rifle  Club,  use  of  firearms  on  grounds  of.... 

2 

11 

299 

Kumyss : 

adulteration  . 

158 

20 

386 

ingredients  . 

156 

20 

385 

quality . 

158 

20 

386 

L. 

Laboratories : 

classification  . 

70 

5 

58 

construction : 

generally . 

71-73 

5 

58 

details:  ( See  Specific  Subjects,  Building  Code.) 
Lacquers.  ( See  Paints,  Oils  and  Varnishes.) 

Lambs,  slaughtering  age . 

160 

20 

386 

Lamp  black,  manufacturing;  restrictions . 

332 

20 

408 

Lamp  posts,  ornamental;  erection . 

145 

23 

438 

Landmarks,  protection  of . 

50-52 

23 

426 

Land  under  water,  included  in  “water-front  property” . 

1 

1 

9 

Lane,  included  in  “street” . 

1 

1 

9 

Laundries,  charges  for  water  supply . 

21 

25 

470 

sanitation  of  . 

336 

20 

409 

Leaders  (roof),  construction . 

423 

5 

116 

Lead  poisoning,  report  of  cases . 

92 

20 

371 

Leather  dressing,  tanning . 

328 

20 

407 

Lecture  halls : 

classification  . 

70 

5 

58 

construction : 

generally . 

71-73 

5 

58 

details:  ( See  Specific  Subjects,  Building  Code.) 
Legislative  bills,  preparation  in  behalf  of  the  City . 

221 

2 

25 

Lemon  creek  bridge  (Richmond),  location . 

1 

4 

43 

Leprosy,  report  of  cases . 

86 

20 

369 

Lessees  of  buildings,  duty  respecting  Building  Code  notices 
or  orders  . 

653 

5 

146 

Letter  boxes,  attachment  to  private  property . 

6 

27 

483 

Libraries : 

classified  . 

70 

5 

58 

construction : 

generally  . 

71-73 

5 

58 

details:  ( See  Specific  Subjects,  Building  Code.) 
License  (Electrical  Control)  : 

defined  . 

1 

9 

167 

application  . 

7 

9 

168 

examination  of  applicant . . . 

8 

9 

168 

582 


INDEX. 


License  (Electrical  Control) — Continued : 

fee  . 

Sec. 

9 

Chap. 

9 

9 

Page 

169 

168 

168 

period  . 

6 

suspension,  modification  or  revocation . 

6 

9 

License  board  (Electrical  Control),  organization  and 

jurisdiction  . 

8 

9 

168 

Licensed  trades,  occupations,  places  and  things :  ( See 

Amusements  and  Exhibitions;  Licenses.) 

Licensed  vehicles:  ( See  Licenses.) 

Licenses : 

amusements  and  exhibitions: 

common  shows  . 

61 

3 

40 

motion  pictures  . . . 

32 

3 

35 

theatres,  etc . 

1-6 

3 

30 

business,  occupations,  places,  requiring: 

billiard  and  pool  tables . 

1 

14 

307 

bowling  alleys  . 

1 

14 

307 

dealers  in  second-hand  articles . 

1 

14 

307 

dirt  carts  . 

drivers  or  chauffeurs  of  hacks,  cabs,  taxicabs  and 

1 

14 

307 

expresses  . 

1 

14 

307 

expresses  and  expressmen  . 

1 

14 

307 

exterior  hoists . 

1 

14 

307 

hacks,  cabs  and  taxicabs . 

1 

14 

307 

hand  organs  . 

1 

14 

307 

itinerant  musicians  . 

1 

14 

307 

junk  dealers  . 

1 

14 

307 

massage  operators  and  institutes . 

1 

14 

307 

peddlers,  hawkers  and  venders . 

1 

14 

307 

public  carts  and  cartmen . . . 

1 

14 

307 

public  porters  . 

1 

14 

307 

shooting  galleries  . 

1 

14 

307 

stands  within  stoop  lines  and  under  elevator  or  sub- 

way  stairways  . 

1 

14 

307 

commissioner  of,  jurisdiction: 

inspection  . 

7 

14 

309 

issue  of  licenses . 

3 

14 

308 

registration  and  certification  . 

4 

14 

308 

reports  . . 

4 

14 

308 

suspension  and  revocation . 

5 

14 

308 

trial  of  charges  against  licensees . 

5 

14 

308 

fees,  deposit  . 

4 

14 

308 

licensed  vehicles,  signs  . . . 

6 

14 

309 

licensees : 

badges  . 

6 

14 

309 

charges  against  . 

5 

14 

308 

citizenship  . 

2 

14 

308 

display  of  license  . 

6 

14 

309 

notice  of  change  of  address . 

6 

14 

309 

rendition  of  licensed  function . 

6 

14 

309 

Life  lines,  maintenance  by  bathing  establishments . 

341 

20 

410 

Light  and  power  from  railway  wires . 

441 

9 

200 

583 


INDEX. 

Sec.  Chap.  Page 

Lighting : 

electric  gas  . . . .  687  9  231 

outline  .  439  9  199 

systems,  decorative  .  437  9  195 

Lightning  arresters  ( See  Electrical  Code.) 

Lights : 

fire  prevention  requirements : 

generally  .  23  12  302 

motion  picture  theatres .  38  3  37 

theatres  . 526  5  127 

interference  with  street  . 120,121  23  434 

on  street  obstructions  . 3  23  422 

on  vehicles  .  12  24  458 

.Light  shafts : 

construction,  generally  . 373  5  106 

Lime : 

burning,  prohibited  .  324  20  406 

safeguarding  against  escape  of  dust .  253  20  400 

specification  for  building .  25  5  51 

Lime  mortar,  specification .  27  5  51 

Lining  walls  .  258  5  89 

Lintels : 

construction : 

iron  o'r  steel .  303  5  94 

masonry  .  251  5  85 

encroachment  upon  street .  170  5  74 

Liquified  chlorine:  ( See  Gases  Under  Pressure.) 

Liquors,  spirits,  alcohols : 

adulteration  of  .  139  20  380 

deleterious,  poisonous  or  unwholesome  substances  in....  140  20  381 

distillation  and  rectification : 

permit  required  .  250  10  284 

fee  .  43  10  242 

restrictions,  place  . 251  10  284 

quantities  . 252  10  285 

fire  prevention  .  253  10  285 

false  name  o'r  quality  prohibited . 140  20  381 

Lis  pendens,  unsafe  building  proceeding .  637  5  142 

Little  Neck  bridge  (Queens)  location . 1  4  43 

Little  taxicab,  defined  . 80  14  315 

Live  or  variable  load,  defined . 53  5  56 

Loads,  specifications  of : 

generally  .  53  5  56 

business  buildings  . 55  5  57 

pile  foundations  . 235  5  .  83 

Loafers  and  loungers,  must  not  obstruct  streets .  23  23  424 

Local  improvement : 

defined  . 1  1  9 

inspection  of,  affidavit  concerning .  76  2  21 

assessment  of  expense .  75  2  21 


584 


INDEX. 


Lodge-rooms: 

classified  . . . »,*,****»■*%****  t  **  1 1  i  1 1  m 

construction : 

generally  . ..:... . . 

details:  ( See  Specific  Subjects,  Building  Code.) 

exits  . . . 

Lodging  houses: 

defined  . 

classified  . . . . . 

construction : 

generally  . 

exits  . 

fire  prevention  precautions : 

alarm  connection  with  fire  department . 

diagram  of  exits,  hall,  stairways  and  fire  escapes... 
fire  extinguishing  equipment. . . . . . . . .... . . . . . . . . . . . 

interior  fire-alarm  system ......................... 

lights  to  be  safeguarded . 

watchmen  and  their  supervision . 

sanitary  requirements : . 

conducting,  permit  required . 

occupancy,  over-crowding  . 

sailor-lodgers,  reports  as  to . 

spitting  on  floors . 

the]atre  buildings  not  to  be  used  as . 

Lc/st  or  stolen  property,  duties  respecting: 

dealers  in  second-hand  articles . 

junk  dealers  . 

Lot : 

defined  . 

buildings  on  one,  how  considered . 

frame  building  restriction . 

regulation  of  . . . 

Size  not  to  be  reduced ...... . . . . . . . .... . . . . . .... . . .... . 

Low  potential  circuits,  grounding . . . 

Low-potential  system,  electrical:  ( See  Electrical  Code.) 

Lubricating  oils.  ( See  Oils  and  Fats)  defined . ... - - - - - - 

Lugs  for  terminal  connections.  (See  Electrical  Code.) 
Lumber  sheds,  construction . . . . 

M. 

Machine  oils,  fees  for  permits  relating  to . . . 

Machinery  compartment  of  elevator  shafts,  fireproofing.... 
Machine  shops.  ( See  Factories.) 

Macomb’s  dam  bridge  (Harlem  river),  location . . 

Madison  avenue  bridge  (Harlem  river),  location . 

Magazine-keepers,  duties  . 

fee  for  certificate  of  fitness . 

Magazines  for  explosives : 

bond  for  permit . 

classification  . . 

fee  for  permit  (See  Explosives) . 

requirements  and  restrictions  concerning . 

585 


Sec. 

Chap. 

Page 

70 

5 

58 

71-73 

5 

58 

152 

5 

69 

1 

20 

355 

70 

5 

58 

71-73 

5 

58 

152 

5 

69 

20 

12 

301 

21 

12 

301 

20 

12 

301 

21 

12 

301 

23 

12 

302 

21 

12 

301 

334 

20 

409 

56 

20 

366 

362 

20 

413 

213 

20 

392 

536 

5 

133 

45 

14 

312 

125 

14 

235 

212 

5 

80 

136 

5 

68 

471 

5 

119 

212 

5 

80 

136 

5 

68 

315 

9 

159 

1 

10 

234 

479 

5 

121 

43 

10 

242 

373 

5 

106 

1 

4 

42 

1 

4 

42 

63 

10 

246 

42 

10 

239 

41 

10 

239 

63 

10 

246 

43 

10 

241 

63 

10 

246 

INDEX. 


Sec.  Chap.  Page 

Malarial  fever,  report  of  cases .  86  20  366 

Manhattan  bridge,  location .  1  4  41 

Manhattan  bridge  market,  location .  26  15  335 

Mansard  roofs,  construction . 427  5  118 

Mantels  (wooden),  attaching  to  chimneys .  393  5 

Manufactories.  ( See  Factories.) 

Manure : 

accumulations  of  .  242  20  396 

manufacturing  of  artificial,  prohibited .  324  20  406 

transportation  through  streets .  240  20  396 

Marble:  {See  Building  Materials.) 

Mark,  signature  to  application  for  building  permit  by .  2  5  45 

Market-boats : 

dock  facilities  .  14  8  155 

wharfage  rates  .  81  8  163 

Markets : 

collector  or  city  revenue  and  superintendent  of,  controls  1  15  333 

comptroller  has  general  jurisdiction  of .  1  15  333 

construction : 

classification  .  70  5  58 

generally  .  71-73  5  58 

details:  {See  Specific  Subjects,  Building  Code.) 

exits  .  152  5  #  69 

farmers’  and  gardeners’  privileges .  50  15  336 

licenses  .  50  15  336 

Wallabout  market  .  30  15  335 

wagons  .  51  15  337 

highways  through  market  lands .  4  15  333 

hours  of  business  in .  5  15  333 

location  of  markets: 

Delancey  street  .  20  15  334 

Eighth  ward,  Brooklyn .  21  15  334 

Essex  .  22  15  334 

Gansevoort  .  24  15  335 

Jefferson  .  25  15  335 

Manhattan  bridge  .  26  15  335 

Queensboro  bridge  .  23  15  334 

Third  avenue  .  28  15  335 

Union  square  .  29  15  335 

Wallabout  .  30  15  335 

Washington  .  31  15  336 

West  Washington  .  32  15  336 

market  wagons  .  51  15  337 

meat  inspection  .  0  27  484 

obstructions  in  and  about .  52  15  337 

stalls  and  stands  in : 

disputes  concerning  .  3  15  333 

transfers  of  .  2  15  333 

toilet  facilities  .  6  15  333 


586 


INDEX. 


Markets — Continued: 

Sec. 

Chap. 

Page 

Wallabout  market: 

farmers’  square  . . 

.  30 

15 

335 

leases  in  . 

.  30 

15 

335 

sale  of  liquor  in . . . . 

.  30 

15 

335 

Marquises,  restrictions  on  erection . 

.  170 

5 

74 

Marriages : 

celebrants  must : 

keep  register  of . 

.  34 

20 

362 

register  with  health  department . 

.  35 

20 

363 

false  certificate,  statement  or  report . 

.  36 

20 

363 

filing  transcripts  of  register  of . 

.  33 

20 

362 

on  vessels,  reports  of . 

.  357 

20 

412 

Marshland,  draining  . 

.  272 

20 

401 

Masonry  construction : 

generally  . 

.  250-268 

5 

85 

foundation  walls  . 

.  236 

5 

84 

frame  building  walls . . 

.  481 

5 

122 

loads  . 

.  53 

5 

56 

weights  . . 

.  21 

5 

50 

working  stresses  . . 

.  51 

5 

53 

Massage  institutes  and  operators : 

definitions : 

institute  . 

.  175 

14 

331 

operator  . 

.  175 

14 

331 

license  required : 

fee  and  term . 

.  176 

14 

332 

qualifications  . 

.  176 

14 

332 

violations  and  penalties . 

.  177 

14 

332 

Matches : 

“  approved  ”  . 

.  102 

10 

258 

defined  . . 

.  1 

10 

234 

fees  for  permits . 

.  43 

10 

242 

manufacture : 

requirements  . 

.  100 

10 

257 

restrictions  . 

.  100 

10 

257 

white  phosphorus  . 

.  103 

10 

258 

marking  . 

.  102 

10 

258 

packing  . 

.  102 

10 

258 

prohibited  varieties  . 

.  102 

10 

258 

serial  number  . 

.  102 

10 

258 

storage  and  sale,  restrictions : 

general  . 

10 

257 

white  phosphorus  . 

.  103 

10 

258 

use,  discarding  lighted . 

.  7 

12 

300 

Material : 

building:  ( See  Building  Code.) 

building,  in  street . 

23 

436 

sale  of  city’s  waste . 

1 

13 

Matzoon : 

adulteration  . 

20 

384 

ingredients  . 

20 

385 

quality  . 

20 

386 

58  7 


INDEX. 


Sec. 

Chap. 

Page 

Mayor : 

flag  of  . .  . . . .  V  V  ;  .  •.  •.  -.  ...... k  » 

4 

1 

12 

may  offer  rewards  for  apprehension  of  criminals . 

130 

2 

23 

Mayor’s  bureau  of  weights  and  measures :  ( See  Weights 

and  Measures.) 

Meadow  lands,  foundations  for  building  on . 

235 

5 

83 

Means  of  egress: 

generally : 

1 

fire  escapes  . 

162 

5 

74 

manhole  ladders  from  boiler-rooms. . 

152 

5 

69 

roof  ladders  and  scuttles . 

425 

5 

117 

stairways  .  . . . . . . : . . . . 

153 

5 

70 

buildings  of  a  public  character . . . . 

490 

5 

122 

business  and  office  buildings . 

490 

5 

122 

factories,  hotel  and  institutions . . . . 

490 

5 

122 

motion  picture  theatres . 

503 

5 

124 

theatres  . 

527 

5 

128 

obstruction  of : 

generally  . 

491 

5 

122 

motion  picture  theatres . 

34 

3 

36 

theatres  . 

9 

3 

32 

Measles : 

infectious  disease  . 

86 

20 

369 

report  of  cases . . 

86 

20 

369 

Measures  :  ( See  Weights  and  Measures.) 

Meat : 

defined  . 

1 

20 

355 

animals  dying  of  disease  or  by  accidents . 

163 

20 

386 

cooling  and  dressing . 

162 

20 

386 

condemnation  and  destruction . 

137 

20 

379 

inspection : 

general  . 

136 

20 

379 

home  killed  . 

9 

27 

484 

manufacture  . . . 

330 

20 

407 

offensive,  not  to  be  cast  into  streets  or  public  waters _ 

8 

20 

359 

sale,  false  name  or  quality . 

140 

20 

381 

smoked,  preparation  of . 

330 

20 

407 

Meeker  avenue  bridge  (Newtown  creek),  location . 

1 

4 

43 

Meeting  rooms,  exits . 

152 

5 

69 

Meetings,  park  restrictions . . . 

11 

17 

341 

Medical  examiners,  duties  of . 

80 

20 

368 

Meningitis,  report  of  spinal  or  tubercular  cases . 

86 

20 

369 

Merchandise : 

obstructing  streets  or  sidewalks : 

restricted  . ; . 

188 

23 

448 

removal  and  disposition . 

152 

23 

442 

obstructing  waterfront  property: 

restricted  . 

52 

8 

159 

removal  and  disposition . 

54,  55 

8 

160 

street  displays,  restricted . 

188 

23 

448 

58 8 


INDEX. 


Sec.  Chap.  Page 

Merchandise — Continued: 
street  sales : 

auctions  - - - . ... - •  •• -  30  23  425 

peddlers  . . . . .  13  24  »  458 

salt  meat,  fish,  etc.. . . . . . . . . .  31  23  .  425 

Mercury : 

reports  of  poisonings  by. . . 92  20  371 

sale  restricted  .  125  20  377 

Merry-go-rounds:  ( See  Amusement  Devices.) 

Metal  fronts  for  buildings,  construction . 312  5  96 

Metal  mouldings:  ( See  Electrical  code.) 

Metal  rails  and  rods,,  street  transportation., . 135  23  435 

Methyl  alcohol: 

containers  to  be  marked .  124  20  377 

sale  restrictions  . . . . .  .  .  . . .  .  .  . -  124  20  377 

use  regulated  . . . ..... - - .........  124  20  377 

reports  of  poisonings  by .  92  20  371 

Metropolitan  avenue  bridge  (.Brooklyn.).,  location... . 1  .  4  43 

Midwifery,  practice  regulated _ 196  20  391 

Midwives : 

false  certificate,  statement  of  report  of. . . . 36  20  363 

register  of  . . 31  20  361 

reports  of  . 31  20  361 

transcripts  of  registers  of . 33  20  362 

Military  drills,  in  parks .  10  17  341 

Milk  and  cream : 


bottles  and  other  containers,,  care  of .  159  20  386 

buttermilk  . 158  20  386 

classification  . . .  . .  156  20  385 

condemnation  and  destruction  of . 137  20  379 

153  20  384 

condensed  . . .  154, 155  20  385 

conformity  to  grade  standards .  157  20  386 

containers,  care  of .  159  20  386 

delivery  .  155  20  385 

false  name  or  quality .  140  20  381 

grades  .  156  20  385 

infants  and  invalids,  “Grade  A” .  155  20  385 

inspection  of  . 136  20  379 

misbranded,  defined  and  sale  prohibited .  139  20  380 

modified  .  152  20  384 

155'  20  385 

pasteurized  . 156  20  385 

permit  to  sell  or  deliver .  155  20  385 

possession  of  adulterated  presumption . . .  151  20  383 

163  20  386 

preparation,  service  and  sale .  149  20  383 

products  of,  materials .  158  20  386 

proprietary,  formulae  .  139  20  380 

protection  against  dust  or.  other  contamination, . .  142  20  381 

589 


INDEX. 


Milk  and  cream — Continued:  Sec.  Chap.  Page 

receptacles,  care  of .  159  20  386 

sale,  permit  .  155  20  385 

seizure  and  destruction  of  unfit .  137  20  379 

skimmed  .  155  20  385 

sour  .  158  20  386 

unwholesome,  traffic  in,  prohibited .  163  20  386 

Milk  depots,  charges  for  water  supply .  21  25  471 

Mill:  ( See  Factory.) 

Mineral  oils:  ( See  Petroleum.) 

Mineral  waters : 

artificial,  manufacture  and  sale . 165  20  387 

natural,  distribution  . .  j _  165  20  387 

Morningside  avenue,  vehicular  restriction .  37  17  345 

Morphine : 

label  statement  .  116  20  374 

sale  or  distribution . 126  20  377 

Mortar : 

classified  .  27  5  51 

mixing  in  streets,  restricted .  142  23  436 

specifications  of  classes .  27  5  51 

use  .  256  5  87 

Mortgage,  included  in  “real  property” .  119 

Mortgages:  ( See  Bonds  and  Mortgages.) 

Moss:  ( See  Combustible  Fibers.) 

Motion  pictures : 

defined  .  30  3  35 

theatres : 

defined  .  30  3  35 

controlled  by  commissioner  of  licenses .  31  3  35 

construction : 

application  to  existing  theatres .  505  5  125 

booth  for  projecting  machine .  504  5  125 

ceilings  .  502  5  123 

electric  wiring  and  appliances .  438  9  195 

floor-loads  .  502  5  123 

galleries  .  502  5  123 

gradients  .  502  5  123 

means  of  egress: 

aisles  .  503  5  124 

chair  space  .  503  5  124 

exits  .  503  5  124 

exit-passageways  to  street .  503  5  124 

fire-escapes  .  503  5  124 

indication  .  34  3  36 

ladder  from  boiler-room .  152  5  69 

obstruction,  prohibited  . . .  34  3  36 

open-air  theatres  .  506  5  125 

plans  .  500  5  123 

restrictions  .  501  5  123 

stairways  .  502  5  123 

walls  . 502  5  123 


590 


INDEX. 


Sec.  Chap.  Page 

Motion  pictures — Continued: 
theatres — Continued: 

electric  wiring  and  appliances .  438  9  195 

existing  application  of  article  to .  505  5  125 

films,  care  of .  35  3  36 

fire  extinguishing  equipment .  36  3  37 

fire  prevention  . 35  3  36 

heating  .  . .  37  3  37 

licenses : 

applications  .  33  3  36 

exceptions  .  32  3  35 

fees  .  32  a  3  36 

lighting  .  38  3  37 

obstruction  of  aisles  and  passageways .  503  5  124 

plans  .  500  5  123 

projecting  machine  and  film,  booth . 504  5  125 

restrictions  .  501  5  123 

sanitation  .  40  3  38 

ventilation  .  39  3  37 

open-air  theatres : 

defined  .  30  3  35 

construction  .  506  5  125 

licensing  .  32  3  35 

regulating  .  34-44  3  36 

operators  of  machines  for  projecting .  43  3  39 

projecting  machine  and  booth .  504  5  125 

public  morals  .  41  3  38 

private  and  non-professional  exhibitions . 42  3  38 

violations  of  provisions  relating  to .  44  3  40 

Motion  picture  film  (inflammable)  : 

defined  .  1  10  234 

examination  and  repair : 

generally  .  243  10  283 

in  theatres  . 35  3  36 

restrictions  .  241  10  283 

storage : 

permit  required  .  240  10  283 

fee  .  43  10  242 

rooms,  construction  .  243  10  283 

Motion  picture  machines,  booth  for .  504  5  125 

Motion  picture  operators,  licensing .  43  3  39 

Motion  picture  theatres :  ( See  Motion  Pictures.) 

Motorboats,  mufflers  required .  361  20  413 

Motors,  electric:  (See  Electrical  Code.) 

Motor  cycle  repair  shops  and  storage  places: 

permit  required  .  190  10  272 

regulations,  fire  prevention .  192  10  273 

restrictions  .  191  10  273 

Motor  vehicle : 

defined  (explosives  regulations) .  1  10  234 

instruction  in  operating  in  parks,  prohibited .  43  17  346 

lights  on  .  12  24  458 


591 


INDEX. 


Sec.  Chap.  Page 


Motor  vehicle — Continued: 

mufflers  .  36  24  465 

municipal,  marking  .  33  24  464 

park  obstruction-  by. . .  31  344 

signal  to  stop.. . . .  H  24  457 

smoke  emission : 

in  parks  . ..a  . .  36  17  345 

generally  . . 211  20  392 

supplying  gasoline,  etc.,  to .  157  10  268 

Motor  vehicle  repair  shop : 

defined  .  1  10  234 

2  5  45 

permit  required  . 170  10  270 

fee  . 43  10  242 

restrictions  . 17 1  10  270 

Mouldings,  electrical  work :  (See  Electrical  Code.) 

Multiple  series  systems:  (See  Electrical  Code.) 

Mumps,  report  of  cases .  86  20  369 

Municipal  civil  service: 

hours  of  service .  8  1  13 

3  16  339 

reinstatement  of  former  policemen  or  firemen .  10  16  339 

residence  in  state . . . 1  16  338 

vacations : 

per  diem  employees . . .  2  16  338 

salaried  employees  .  2  16  338 

Municipal  explosives  regulations : 

city  officers  bound  by .  4  10  236 

construction  . 2  10  235 

Federal  government  exempt .  3  10  236 

included  in  .  10  232 

Museums : 

classification  .  70  5  58 

construction : 

generally  . . . . . .  71-73  5  58 

details  :  (See  Specific  Subjects,  Building  Code.) 

Musical  instruments : 

organ  grinding  in  streets .  170  14  330 

playing  in  parks,  restricted .  10  17  341 

playing  in  streets . 171  14  331 

Music  halls : 

construction:  (See  Theatres.) 
fire  prevention : 

alarm  connection  with  fire  department .  20  12  301 

diagram  of  exits,  halls,  stairways  and  fire  escapes...  527  5  128 

exit  facilities  .  150-162  5  69 

527  5  128 

female  waiters  .  If  3  34 

fire  extinguishing  equipment .  20  12  301 

lights  to  be  safeguarded .  23  12  302 

supervision  by  firemen .  8  3  3^ 


592 


INDEX. 


N. 

Sec.  Chap.  Page 

National  Guard : 

artillery  firing,  permit  required .  4  11  2 97 

drills  and  manoeuvers  in  parks .  10  17  341 

processions  and  parades .  38  24  465 

Navigation : 

abandoned  vessels  obstructing .  120  8  165 

berthing  vessels  so  as  to  obstruct .  121  8  165 

dumping  refuse  .  122  8  165 

snow  and  ice .  122  8  165 

obstructions  to  .  120  8  165 

removal  of  refuse  from  vessels .  123  8  165 

violations  of  provisions  relating  to .  124  8  165 

Newsboys  are  not  peddlers .  130  14  326 

Newspapers,  selling  on  street. .  130  14  326 

New  York  Botanical  Garden: 

park  regulations  apply .  71  17  348 

permits  for  privileges .  71  17  348 

New  York  and  Brooklyn  bridge,  the  Brooklyn  bridge .  1  4  ^2 

Nickel-plating  establishments,  fee  for  storage  of  explosive 

substances .  43  10  242 

Ninth  street  bridge  (Brooklyn),  location .  1  4  43 

Nitro-cellulose  products  : 

defined  .  1  10  234 

gun  cotton : 

manufacture  .  230  10  281 

storage,  sale,  transportation  and  use .  231  10  281 


manufacturing,  storing  and  selling: 

permit,  required  .  232  10  282 

fee  .  43  10  242 

fire  prevention . .  234  10  283 

storage  and  supervision .  232  10  282 

use  of  water-jet .  232  10  282 

restriction,  storage  .  232  10  282 

scraps,  disposition  of .  233  10  282 

Noise : 

animal  or  bird  causing . 215  20  393 

motorboats,  mufflers  . 361  20  413 

Noises  in  streets : 

generally  .  130  23  434 

hand  organs  .  170  14  330 

hospital  streets  . 131  23  434 

itinerant  musicians  .  170  14  330 

junkmen  .  134  23  435 

peddlers,  hawkers  and  venders .  133  23  435 

rattling  metal . v .  135  23  435 

school  streets  .  132  23  435 

showmen  .  136  23  435 

Non-bearing  walls,  construction .  257  5  88 


593 


INDEX. 


Sec. 

Chap. 

Page 

Non-fireproof  buildings : 

defined  . 

71 

5 

58 

alterations  . 

73 

5 

60 

new  construction  . 

73 

5 

60 

partitions,  shafts  and  walls  of . 

372 

5 

106 

protection  of  openings  in . 

373 

5 

106 

Non-residents : 

hospital  treatment  . 

4 

13 

306 

of  state,  not  to  be  employed  in  city’s  service . 

1 

16 

338 

Notices:  ( See  Specific  Subject.) 

Notices  or  orders  affecting  buildings: 

Building  Code : 

agents  may  be  designated  to  receive . 

653 

5 

146 

issue  and  service . 

650 

5 

143 

occupants’  duty  respecting . 

653 

5 

146 

violations  . . 

654 

5 

141 

Nuisances : 

abatement  of,  required . 

185 

20 

390 

building,  defined  . 

183 

20 

390 

cisterns  . 

235 

20 

395 

cesspools,  privies,  sinks  and  vaults . 

235 

20 

395 

prevention  of  . 

183 

20 

390 

Number,  singular  includes  plural,  and  plural  singular . 

2 

5 

45 

0. 

Oakum  :  ( See  Combustible  Fibers.) 

Oath,  includes  affirmation . 

2 

5 

45 

Observation  towers,  construction  of . 

479 

5 

121 

Obstructions  and  incumbrances : 
in  streets : 

enumeration  of  allowable . . 

141-150 

23 

436 

permits  . 

140 

23 

436 

removal  and  disposition  of  unauthorized . 

151,152 

23 

441 

on  water-front  property : 

restricted  and  prohibited . 

52,  53 

8 

159 

removal  and  disposition  of . 

54,  55 

8 

160 

Ocean  avenue  bridge  (Brooklyn),  location . 

1 

4 

43 

Ocean  bathing  establishments,  life-lines . 

341 

20 

410 

Ocean  parkway,  traffic  regulations . 

37 

24 

465 

Occupancy  of  buildings : 

determines  classification  . 

70 

5 

58 

classification  of  buildings  according  to . 

70 

5 

58 

certificates  of,  when  required . 

5 

5 

48 

Occupational  diseases : 

defined  . . 

92 

20 

371 

prevention  and  responsibility  for . 

337 

20 

409 

reports  concerning . 

Occupations,  trades  and  businesses : 

92 

20 

371 

explosives  and  hazardous  trades:  ( See  Specific  Subject.) 

hazardous  or  detrimental  to  life  or  health . 

321 

20 

406 

594 


INDEX. 


Occupations,  trades  and  businesses — Continued: 
offensive  or  noisome : 

Sec. 

Chap. 

Page 

permits  for  allowable . 

prohibited  classes : 

322 

20 

406 

Manhattan  . 

323 

20 

406 

other  boroughs  . 

324 

20 

406 

using  offensive  animal  or  vegetable  matter . 

324 

20 

406 

Occupied,  defined  . 

Odors : 

2 

5 

45 

carrying  matter  in  streets  producing . 

239, 240 

20 

396 

noisome  or  offensive,  as  nuisance . 

production  of,  or  opening  up  accumulations  of  noxious 

212 

20 

392 

substances  . 

Offal: 

232 

20 

395 

accumulations  of  . 

242 

20 

396 

boiling,  prohibited  . . 

323 

20 

406 

docks,  obstruction  of . 

246 

20 

398 

transportation  of  . 

239-246 

20 

396 

•  vehicles  carrying,  care  of . 

Offensive  liquids  or  substances : 

244 

20 

397 

accumulations  . 

242 

20 

396 

maintenance  upon  premises . 

231 

20 

395 

park  restriction  against . 

35 

17 

344 

removal  . 

243-245 

20 

397 

sidewalks  to  be  protected  against . 

14 

22 

418 

streets  to  be  kept  free  of . 

233, 234 

20 

395 

transportation  through  streets . 

Offensive  or  noisome  trades,  occupations  or  businesses: 

239, 240 

20 

396 

dangerous  to  health,  prohibited . 

324 

20 

406 

permits  to  engage  in . 

requirements  and  restrictions: 

324 

20 

406 

generally,  Manhattan  . 

323 

20 

406 

eggs,  traffic  in  broken  out . 

331 

20 

408 

fat,  rendering  . 

329 

20 

407 

gas,  manufacturing  . 

333 

20 

408 

meat,  manufacturing  . 

146-149 

20 

382 

ore,  refining  . 

332 

20 

408 

slaughtering  animals  . 

325-327 

20 

407 

spirits,  distilling  . 

332 

20 

408 

tanning  and  leather  dressing . 

328 

20 

407 

varnishes  and  oils,  manufacturing . 

Office  buildings : 

337 

20 

407 

classification  . 

construction : 

70 

5 

58 

generally  . 

details:  ( See  Specific  Subjects,  Building  Code.) 

71-73 

5 

58 

exit  facilities  . 

152 

5 

69 

fire  alarm  equipment . 

20 

12 

301 

fire-extinguishing  appliances  . 

20 

12 

301 

Office  hours,  city  departments . 

8 

1 

13 

3 

16 

339 

595 


INDEX. 


Officers  and  employees  of  city: 

Sec. 

Chap. 

Page 

health  department,  interfering  with  or  obstructing . 

186 

20 

390 

hours  of  service : 

generally  . 

8 

1 

13 

during  July  and  August . 

3 

16 

339 

must  be  residents  of  state . 

1 

16 

338 

reinstatement,  firemen  and  policemen . 

10 

16 

339 

vacations : 

per  diem  employees . 

2 

16 

338 

salaried  employees  . 

2 

16 

338 

Oil,  regulation  of  business  of  boiling . 

332 

20 

408 

Oil-selling  station,  defined . 

1 

10 

234 

2 

5 

45 

Oil  separators,  in  garages  storing  volatile  inflammable  oils. 

155 

10 

268 

Oil  storage  plant,  defined . 

1 

10 

235 

Oils  and  fats : 

defined  . 

1 

10 

234 

storage  requirements : 

permit  . 

255 

10 

285 

fee  . 

43 

10 

242 

restrictions  . 

256 

10 

285 

Oily  waste,  care  of . 

206  b 

9 

172 

Omnibuses : 

cleaning  daily  required . 

301 

20 

404 

dirty  or  soiled  clothing  or  bedding,  in . 

302 

20 

404 

heating  . 

304 

20 

404 

stopping  places  . 

18 

24 

463 

ventilation  of  . 

303 

20 

404 

One  hundred  thirty-fifth  street  bridge  (The  Bronx),  location 

1 

4 

42 

One  hundred  and  forty-fifth  street  bridge  (Harlem  river), 

location  . 

1 

4 

42 

One-story  brick  building,  construction  :  ( See  Building  Code.) 

Openings  on  fire  escapes,  fire  protection . 

375 

5 

108 

Open  shaft,  defined  and  construction  specified . 

373 

5 

106 

Open  wiring,  electrical . 

426  g-j 

9 

185 

Opium : 

label  statement  . 

116 

20 

374 

sale  or  distribution . 

126 

20 

377 

Ordinances : 

distribution  . 

6 

i 

form  . 

6 

X 

1 

1? 

general,  repealed  by  this  code  (table),  post . 

preparation  by  corporation  counsel . 

221 

2 

25 

printing  . 

6 

1 

12 

Ordinary  repairs,  defined . 

3 

5 

46 

Ore,  refining  . 

332 

20 

408 

Ornamental  projections  (on  streets)  : 

generally  . 

170 

5 

74 

on  park  or  park  streets . . 

60 

17 

347 

removal  of  unauthorized . 

168 

23 

445 

violations  of  provisions . 

170 

23 

445 

Out  houses,  construction  of  frame . 

477 

5 

120 

596 


INDEX. 


Outlet  boxes  or  plates :  ( See  Electrical  Code.) 

Outlet  junctions  and  flush  switch  boxes . 

Outline  lighting,  electrical . 

Outside  work,  electrical . 

Ovens : 

classified  . *... 

installation  or  alteration,  notice . 

Overhead  wires,  in  parks . 

Overloading  buildings  . 

Owner : 

defined  . 

authorization  of,  for  building  permit . 

designation  of  agent  by . 

Oxygen : 

storage  restrictions  _ * . 

use  in  blow  pipes : 

permit  . 

fee  for  permit :  (See  Gases) . 

Oyster-boats,  docking  facilities . 

Oyster  traffic,  regulated . 

P. 

Packing  boxes,  cases  and  barrels,  storage . 

Paints,  varnishes  and  lacquers : 
manufacture,  storage  and  sale : 

permit,  required  . 

fee  . 

restrictions : 

locality  . 

volatile  inflammable  oil . 

Pamphlets :  (See  Cards,  Circulars  and  Handbills.) 

Panel  boards,  construction  of  electrical . 

Paper:  (See  Combustible  Fibers.) 

casting  into  street,  prohibited . 

scattering  in  parks,  prohibited . 

waste,  collection  and  removal . 

Paper  stock:  (See  Combustible  Fibers.) 

Parapet  walls,  construction . 

Paratyphoid  fever,  report  of  cases . 

Park,  includes  parkway . 

Park  avenue,  Manhattan: 

use  of  railroad  tunnel  in . 

Park  ordinances  . 

Park  row,  Manhattan : 

obstruction  by  vehicles . 

Parks,  parkways  and  park  streets : 

definitions  . 

advertisements,  posting  . 

animals,  birds  and  reptiles,  protection  of . 

animals  at  large . 

baseball  and  other  games . 


Sec. 

Chap. 

Page 

559 

9 

209 

439 

9 

199 

312-315 

9 

175 

391 

5 

110 

390 

5 

110 

4 

17 

341 

55 

5 

57 

199 

5 

78 

2 

5 

45 

3 

5 

46 

653 

5 

146 

277 

10 

290 

213 

10 

278 

43 

10 

241 

15 

8 

155 

164 

20 

387 

25 

12 

303 

200 

10 

273 

43 

10 

243 

201 

10 

273 

202 

10 

274 

569 

9 

218 

10 

22 

417 

9 

17 

341 

248 

20 

398 

259 

5 

90 

86 

20 

369 

1 

1 

9 

30 

19 

353 

17 

340 

16 

24 

461 

1 

17 

340 

13 

17 

342 

15 

17 

342 

16 

17 

342 

15  a 

17 

342 

597 


INDEX . 


Sec.  Chap.  Page 

Parks,  parkways  and  park  streets — Continued: 

bathing  .  .14  17  342 

bicycles  . 41  17  346 

bicycles,  instruction  in  operation  of,  prohibited . . .  43  17  346 

boating  . . .  14  17  342 

bottles,  not  to  be  cast  about  in . 3  a  27  482 

bringing  in  plants,  shrubs  and  trees .  7  17  341 

building  projections: 

general  . .  60  17  347 

camp  sites,  The  Bronx .  17  349 

Coney  Island  cycle  path .  42  17  346 

delivery  wagons,  park  streets . 37  17  345 

destruction  of  or  injury  to  property  in .  5  17  341 

dogs  . ' .  16  17  342 

disorderly  conduct,  specified  offenses .  17  17  342 

drills  . ....  10  17  341 

drives  and  bridle  paths,  use  of .  30  17  343 

Eastchester  bay  shore  road  restrictions .  40  17  346 

Eastern  parkway,  restricted  areas .  64  17  347 

encroachments : 

general  .  60  17  347 

fire  apparatus,  to  use  specified  roads  in .  33  17  344 

fishing .  14  17  342 

glass  and  glassware  not  to  be  cast  about  in .  3  a  27  482 

Harlem  river  driveway .  38  17  345 

hearses  .  33  17  344 

interference  with  improvements .  2  17  340 

lawns,  preservation  . 6  17  341 

meetings  .  11  17  341 

musical  instruments,  use . 10  17  341 

motor  vehicles,  emission  of  smoke .  36  17  345 

motor  vehicles,  instruction  in  operation  of,  prohibited..  43  17  346 

national  guard  manoeuvres .  10  17  341 

newsstands,  Manhattan  and  Richmond .  17  348 

obstruction  by  vehicles .  31  17  344 

Ocean  boulevard,  restrictions .  39  17  345 

Ocean  parkway : 

projections  .  63  17  347 

restricted  areas  .  64  17  347 

offensive  matters  .  35  17  344 

overhead  wires  .  4  17  341 

parent,  guardian  or  custodian  of  minor  to  prohibit  acts 

in  violation  of  chapter .  18  17  343 

park  streets,  restrictions .  37  17  345 

photographing  .  12  17  342 

Plaza  street,  restricted  areas .  64  17  347 

posting  bills  or  placards .  13  17  342 

processions  and  parades .  10  17  341 

public  carriers,  to  use  specified  roads .  33  17  344 

public  hacks,  cabs  and  automobiles .  34  17  344 

roller-skating  .  8  17  341 


598 


INDEX. 


Sec. 

Chap. 

Page 

Parks,  parkways  and  park-  streets — Continued: 

rubbish  and  refuse  . 

.  9 

17 

341 

sales  and  exhibitions  . 

.  12 

17 

342 

skating,  ice  . 

.  14 

17 

342 

speed  regulations  . . 

.  30 

17 

343 

subsurface  disturbances  . 

.  3 

17 

341 

trucking,  heavy  . . . . . 

.  35 

17 

344 

vehicles,  restrictions : 

,  fire  apparatus  . 

.  33 

17 

344 

hearses  . 

.  33 

17 

344 

in  tow  . . 

.  33 

17 

344 

obstructing  assemblies  . 

.  31 

17 

344 

public  carriers  . 

33 

17 

344 

trades  wagons  . 

37 

17 

345 

Partition  fences : 

construction  and  maintenance  . 

.  210 

5 

79 

controversies  concerning  . 

.  214 

5 

80 

neglect  to  construct  or  repair  . 

.  213 

5 

80 

violations  . 

.  215 

5 

80 

Partition  walls : 

between  lots  . 

.  211 

5 

79 

in  buildings  . 

.  230 

5 

81 

237 

5 

85 

Partitions : 

fireproofing  ducts  in  . 

.  402 

5 

114 

smokepipes  through  . 

.  403 

5 

115 

stud  . 

.  283 

5 

92 

theatres  . 

.  528 

5 

131 

Party  walls : 

construction  . . . 

.  257 

5 

88 

in  frame  buildings  . 

. .  473 

5' 

120 

support  during  construction  . 

.  230 

5 

81 

Passenger  elevators  :  ( See  Elevators.) 

Patent  medicines : 

adulteration  . 

.  116 

20 

374 

definition  . 

.  117 

20 

375 

misrepresentation  . 

.  118 

20 

376 

registration  . 

.  117 

20 

375 

sale  . : . 

.  117 

20 

375 

samples,  distribution  . 

.  119 

20 

376 

Paving  of  streets : 

generally  . 

.  60 

23 

427 

by  owners  . 

.  61 

23 

427 

Pawnbrokers : 

clerks,  age  restriction  . 

.  127 

14 

326 

license  fees,  application  . 

.  4 

2 

15 

pledges,  record  by  . 

.  126 

14 

325 

records  to  be  kept . 

.  126 

14 

325 

reports  to  police  department  . 

.  128 

14 

326 

sale  of  ammunition  by,  prohibited  . 

.  81 

10 

253 

violations  . 

.  129 

14 

326 

599 


INDEX. 


Peddlers,  hawkers  and  venders : 

Sec. 

Chap. 

Page 

defined  . . 

130 

14 

326 

farmers  are  not  . 

130 

14 

326 

license,  required  . 

1 

14 

307 

fee  . 

131 

14 

326 

newspaper  boys  are  not  . 

restrictions : 

130 

14 

326 

hours  . 

133 

23 

435 

noises  . 

133 

23 

435 

refuse  of  fruit  . 

12 

22 

418 

streets  . 

13 

24 

458 

signs  on  vehicles  . 

132 

14 

327 

Pediments,  restricted  . 

170 

5 

74 

Pelham  Bridge  (Bronx),  location  . 

Penalties  (civil)  for  violations:  (See  Violations.) 

1 

4 

42 

generally:  (See  Specific  Subject;  concluding  section  of 

article  containing  it.) 

building  code  . 

654 

5 

147 

electrical  control  . 

700 

9 

231 

Pendants,  electrical:  (See  Electrical  Code.) 

Pent  houses,  defined  and  construction  specified  . 

426 

5 

117 

Per  diem  employes  of  city,  vacations . 

Permits:  (See  Specific  Subject.) 

2 

16 

338 

Person : 

defined  . 

1 

1 

9 

2 

5 

45 

injured  or  sick  in  street,  care  of . 

1 

13 

306 

Personal  property  of  city: 

sale  of  useless . 

11 

1 

13 

sales,  disposition  of  proceeds . 

5 

2 

15 

Petroleum  and  other  mineral  oils : 

fire  prevention  . 

illuminating  oils : 

117 

10 

262 

permit,  to  store  and  sell . 

115 

10 

262 

fee  . * . 

43 

10 

243 

lubricating  oils,  exemption . 

refining,  distilling  or  manufacturing: 

116 

10 

262 

permit,  required  . 

110 

10 

259 

fee  . 

43 

10 

243 

storage  plants : 

permit,  required  . 

111 

10 

259 

fee  . ^ . 

43 

10 

243 

large  quantities  . 

111 

10 

259 

limited  storage  . 

112 

10 

260 

transportation  and  delivery: 

permit,  required  . 

113 

10 

261 

fee  . 

43 

10 

243 

volatile  inflammable  oils,  traffic  in . 

114 

10 

261 

Phosphorus  poisonings,  reports  of . 

92 

20 

371 

Phosphorus  (white),  matches  containing;  prohibited . 

103 

10 

258 

Photo-engraving  plants,  fee  for  permit  to  operate . 

43 

10 

243 

Photograph  galleries,  charges  for  water . 

21 

25 

471 

600 


INDEX. 


Photographing  in  parks,  permit  required . 

Photographs,  drivers  of  public  hacks,  cabs  and  taxicabs.... 
Physicians : 

autopsies,  reports  of . 

births : 

false  certificate,  statement  or  report  of . 

register  of  . 

reports  of  . 

transcripts  of  register  of . 

deaths : 

false  certificate,  statement  or  report  of . 

register  of  . 

reports  of  . ' . 

transcripts  of  register  of . 

habit-forming  drugs,  prescriptions . 

infectious  diseases,  reports  of . 

registration  of  name  and  address . 

right  of  way  of  vehicles . 

Piazzas,  construction  of  frame . 

Piers  (of  buildings),  construction . . . 

Piers  ( See  Docks,  Ferries  and  Harbor  Control),  included  in 

“  waterfront  property  ”  . 

Pigeons,  keeping  live . 

Pigs,  slaughtering: 

permit  required  . 

age  restriction  . 

Pilasters,  restricted  . 

Pile  foundations,  construction . 

Piles  ( See  Pile  Foundations.) 

Pipe  chases,  in  walls . 

Pipe  hangers,  incandescent  lights . 

Pipes,  fire  protection . 

Pistols  or  revolvers : 

firing  prohibited  . 

permit  to  carry  or  keep . 

Places  of  amusement  or  assembly:  ( See  Theatres;  Motion 
Picture  Theatres.) 

classification  . 

construction : 

generally  . 

details:  ( See  Specific  Subjects,  Building  Code.) 

elevator  shafts,  enclosure . . . 

exit  facilities  . 

promotion  of  public  safety  in: 

alarm  connection  . 

fire  extinguishing  appliances . 

firemen  detailed  for . 

obstruction  of  aisles  and  passageways : 

generally  . 

motion  picture  theatres . 

theatres  and  other  places  in  which  scenery  or 
machinery  is  used . 


Sec. 

Chap. 

Page 

12 

17 

342 

92 

14 

318 

32 

20 

362 

36 

20 

363 

31 

20 

361 

31 

20 

361 

33 

20 

362 

36 

20 

363 

32 

20 

362 

32 

20 

362 

33 

20 

362 

117 

20 

375 

86 

20 

369 

218 

20 

393 

15 

24 

460 

476 

5 

120 

251 

5 

85 

1 

1 

9 

20 

20 

361 

325 

20 

407 

160 

20 

386 

170 

5 

74 

235 

5 

83 

261 

5 

90 

431a 

9 

193 

404 

5 

115 

2 

11 

295 

1 

11 

295 

70 

5 

58 

71-73 

5 

58 

373 

5 

106 

152 

5 

69 

20 

12 

301 

20 

12 

301 

8 

3 

32 

490 

5 

122 

34 

3 

36 

9 

3 

32 

601 


INDEX. 


Sec. 

Chap. 

Page 

Places  of  amusement  or  assembly:  {See  Theatres;  Motion 

Pictures  Theatres) — Continued: 

restricted  as  to  explosives  and  hazardous  trades :  ( See 

Specific  Subject.) 

Places  of  public  assembly:  ( See  Places  of  Public  Amuse- 

ment  or  Assembly.) 

Plague,  reports  of  cases . 

86 

20 

369 

Plans  and  specifications,  including  construction . . . . 

3,4 

5 

46 

Platforms,  construction  of  frame . 

478 

5 

121 

Platinum,  sale  of  second  hand  articles  of . 

Plumbing  and  other  piping: 

40 

14 

310 

construction: 

registration  of  plumbers . . 

604 

5 

138 

rules  . 

600 

5 

137 

shut-off  valves  . 

601 

5 

138 

tests  . 

602-603 

5 

138 

drain,  soil  and  waste  pipes: 

construction  and  connections . 

279 

20 

402 

extension  above  roof. . . 

281 

20 

402 

fixtures,  separate  traps  for . 

278 

20 

402 

leaders  and  gutters . 

283 

20 

402 

maintenance  . 

277 

20 

402’ 

refrigerator  . 

280 

20 

402 

traps  . 

278 

20 

402 

ventilators,  materials  of . 

282 

20 

402 

vent  pipes,  construction . . 

281 

20 

402 

water  closets,  adequacy  and  maintenance . 

284 

20 

403 

Poisons,  containers  to  be  so  marked . 

Poles:  ( See  Posts  and  Poles.) 

Police  commissioner : 

122 

20 

376 

bond  . . 

270 

2 

28 

regulation  of  vehicular  traffic . 

42 

24 

467 

Police  department: 

boiler  inspection,  minor  steam  vessels . 

1 

18 

351 

Building  Code  enforcement . 

651 

5 

144 

excavations  in  streets . 

98 

23 

432 

fire-escape  incumbrances  . 

162 

5 

74 

parade  exemption  . 

vehicles : 

38 

24 

466 

right  of  way . 

15 

24 

460 

speed  . 

17 

24 

461 

Policemen : 

duties  respecting: 

fire-escapes  . . 

162 

5 

74 

street  excavations  . 

3 

23 

422 

hospital  care  and  treatment . 

5 

13 

306 

Police  station-houses : 

classification . 

construction : 

70 

5 

58 

generally  . 

details:  ( See  Specific  Subject,  Building  Code.) 

71-73 

5 

58 

Poliomyelitis  (acute  anterior),  reports  of  cases . 

86 

20 

369 

602 


INDEX . 


Pool  tables  ( See  Billiard  and  Pool  Tables.) 

Porches,  platforms  and  stoops  (in  streets)  : 

general  restrictions  . 

removal  of  unauthorized . 

violations  . . . . 

Portables,  electric:'  {See  Electrical  Code.) 

Portland  cement,  specification  of . . 

Port  of  New  York: 

defined  . 

dumping,  refuse  . 

snow  and  ice . . . 

harbor  fires  . 

obstruction  to  navigation . 

pollution  oif  waters . 

refuse  of  vessels,  removal . 

violations  of  provisions  relating  to . 

Posts  and  poles,  in  streets : 

borough  presidents  control . 

barber  poles  . . 

ornamental  lampposts  . 

removal  oif  . 

Potheads,  installation  of  electrical . 

Poultry:  ( See  Fowls),  sale  regulated . 

Power,  electric:  ( See  Electrical  Code.) 

Prescriptions,  habit  forming  drugs . 

Pressure  under  footings,  specifications  of  (building  construc¬ 
tion)  . 

Primary  batteries,  electric . 

Printing  houses  :  ( See  Factories.) 

Private  garage:  ( See  Garages.) 

Private  property: 

letter  boxes,  attachment  to  . 

responsibility  of  owners : 

ashes,  garbage  and  rubbish . ‘ . 

cleaning  sidewalks  . . 

removal  of  snow  and  ice  from  sidewalks . 

sidewalk  sweepings  . 

Private  dwelling:  ( See  Dwellings.) 

Private  market,  defined  . 

Privies,  cess-pools,  sinks  and  vaults: 

adequacy  . . 

construction  . 

maintenance  . 

screening  against  flies . 

temporary  (builders  or  contractors) . 

ventilation  . 

Processions  and  parades : 
in  general : 

permits  . . 

restrictions  . 

violations  . 

in  parks  . 


Sec. 

Chap. 

Page 

170 

5 

74 

168 

23 

445 

170 

23 

445 

26 

5 

51 

1 

1 

9 

122 

8 

165 

122 

8 

165 

1 

12 

298 

120 

8 

165 

122 

8 

165 

123 

8 

165 

124 

8 

165 

145 

23 

438 

145 

23 

438 

145 

23 

438 

146 

23 

438 

208  b 

9 

173 

34 

26 

480 

117 

20 

375 

233 

5 

82 

210 

9 

175 

6 

27 

483 

248 

20 

398 

21 

22 

419 

21 

22 

419 

10 

22 

417 

1 

20 

355 

284 

20 

403 

287 

20 

403 

!-237 

20 

395 

284 

20 

403 

286 

20 

403 

285 

20 

403 

287 

20 

403 

38 

24 

465 

38 

24 

466 

38 

24 

466 

10 

17 

341 

603 


INDEX. 


Projections  and  encroachments  upon  streets : 

generally  . 

alteration  of  existing  . 

areas  and  areaways . 

awnings  . 

balustrades  . 

base  courses  . 

bay  windows  . 

cellar  doors  and  steps  . 

check  pieces  . . 

columns  . 

courtyards  . 

cornices  . 

existing,  continuance . 

fire  escapes  . 

fire  towers . 

hose  connections,  exterior  . 

lintels  . . 

marquises . . 

mouldings  . . 

pediments  . . 

permits  for  . 

quoins  . 

restricted  streets  . 

rules  relating  to  . . 

rustications  . 

steps  . 

unauthorized  removal  . 

vaults  under  sidewalks . 

violations,  notice  to  corporation  counsel 

penalty  . 

on  parkways  and  park  streets : 

curb  and  surface  construction  . 

Properly  cleansed,  defined . 

Property  (Lost  or  Stolen),  duties  respecting: 

dealers  in  second-hand  articles . 

junk  dealers  . 

Proprietary  food  or  drink: 

formula,  disclosure  . 

Proprietary  medicines : 

adulteration  . 

definition  . 

misrepresentation  . 

registration  . 


samples,  distribution  . 

Protection  of  electrical  appliances :  ( See  Electrical  Code.) 

Protectives  for  openings,  testing  and  approval . 

Protective  devices,  signaling  systems . 

Public  administrator : 

depository,  selected  by  corporation  counsel . 

deposits  and  disbursements,  supervised  by  comptroller., 
reports  to  board  of  aldermen  and  comptroller . 


Sec. 

Chap. 

Page 

170 

5 

74 

170 

5 

74 

170 

5 

74 

170 

5 

74 

170 

5 

74 

170 

5 

74 

170 

5 

74 

164 

23 

444 

170 

5 

74 

170 

5 

74 

170 

5 

74 

170 

5 

74 

173-174 

5 

75 

170 

5 

74 

170 

5 

74 

170 

5 

74 

170 

5 

74 

170 

5 

74 

170 

5 

74 

170 

5 

74 

170 

5 

74 

170 

5 

74 

160 

23 

444 

170 

5 

74 

170 

5 

74 

170 

5 

74 

168 

23 

445 

170 

5 

74 

169 

23 

445 

170 

23 

445 

60 

17 

347 

144 

20 

382 

45 

14 

312 

125 

14 

325 

139 

20 

380 

117 

20 

375 

117 

20 

375 

118 

20 

376 

117 

20 

375 

117 

20 

375 

119 

20 

376 

376 

5 

109 

685 

9 

228 

250 

2 

26 

251 

2 

27 

250 

2 

26 

604 


INDEX. 


Sec.  Chap.  Page 

Public  assemblies,  display  of  American  flag  at .  24  23  425 

Public  buildings : 

classified  .  70  5  58 

construction : 

generally  .  71-73  5  58 

rooms  in  .  132  5  67 

details:  ( See  Specific  Subject,  Building  Code.) 

light  and  ventilation  .  132  5  67 

Public  carriers,  park  restriction  .  33  17  344 

Public  cartmen,  defined . ' .  140  14  327 

Public  carts: 

defined  .  140  14  327 

classified  . 141  14  327 

license,  required  .  142  14  327 

fee  .  143  14  327 

regulation  of  charges  for .  144  14  328 

Public  comfort  stations,  use  of  common  towels  in .  214  20  393 

Public  garage  :  ( See  Garages.) 

Public  hacks:  ( See  Hacks,  Cabs,  Taxicabs  and  Sightseeing 
Cars.) 

Public  health,  acts  affecting .  181  20  389 

Public  laundry,  defined  (Sanitary  Code) .  1  20  355 

Public  lavatory,  use  of  common  towels  in .  214  20  393 

Public  meetings,  in  parks . 11  1 7  342 

Public  place: 

defined  .  143  20  382 

included  in  street. .  1  1  9 

use  of  common  utensils  for  food  or  drink  in .  143  20  382 

Public  porters : 

badges  . 152  14  329 

charges  .  155  14  330 

hotel  runners  are  not .  150  14  329 

impersonation  of  .  153  14  329 

licensed  .  150  14  329 

license  fee  . .  151  14  329 

over-charges  .  156  14  330 

service  obligatory  .  154  14  330 

Public  pounds,  for  stray  animals .  2  27  481 

Public  property,  defined .  1  1  9 

Public  road,  included  in  “  street  ” .  1  1  9 

Public  schools:  (See  Schools.) 

Public  service  corporations : 

exempt  from  operation  of  chapter  9 .  5  9  167 

notice  to,  of  contemplated  street  excavations .  94,95  23  431 

14  21  415 

vehicles,  right  of  way  of  emergency .  15  24  460 

Public  square,  included  in  “street” .  119 

Public  washroom,  use  of  common  towels  in .  214  20  393 

Public  waters:  (See  Port  of  New  York.) 

dead  animals,  fish,  or  fowl,  or  meat  not  to  be  cast  into..  8  20  359 

pollution,  from  vessels .  356  20  412 


605 


INDEX. 


Public  worship : 

Sec. 

Chap. 

Page 

in  streets,  regulated . 

20 

23 

424 

interference  with,  prohibited . 

21 

23 

424 

Puerperal  septicaemia,  reports  of  cases . 

20 

371 

Pulmonary  tuberculosis,  report  of  cases . 

20 

369 

Pumping  station:  ( See  Factories.) 

Puppet  show,  a  common  show . 

60 

3 

40 

Q. 

Queensboro  bridge  (East  river),  location . 

1 

4 

42 

Queensboro  bridge  market,  location . 

23 

15 

334 

Queens  county,  county  clerk’s  fees . 

27 

483 

Quit  rents: 

application  of  receipts  from . 

4 

2 

15 

commutation  of  . 

105 

2 

22 

Quoins,  restricted  . 

170 

5 

74 

Rabies: 

animals  infected,  destruction . 

10 

20 

359 

cases  in  humans,  reports . . . 

Rags:  ( See  Combustible  Fibers.) 

86 

20 

369 

public  exposure,  creating  dust . 

253 

20 

400 

Rahm,  defined  and  classified . 

152 

20 

384 

Railroad  buildings : 

classified  . 

70 

5 

58 

construction : 

generally  . 

•  •  71  73 

5 

58 

details:  ( See  Specific  Subject,  Building  Code.) 

Railroad  power  plants,  electric . 

209 

9 

175 

Railroads : 

applying  generally  to  cars : 

cleanliness  . 

. .  301 

20 

404 

defined  . 

183 

20 

390 

dirtv  or  soiled  clothing  for  bedding,  in . 

302 

20 

404 

heating  . 

304 

20 

404 

nuisances  . 

183 

20 

390 

spitting  . 

213 

20 

392 

ventilation  . 

303 

20 

404 

applying  generally  to  stations : 

spitting  prohibited  in . 

213 

20 

392 

towel  service  in  lavatories . 

214 

20 

393 

elevated : 

cuspidors  on  station  platforms  . 

2 

19 

352 

dropping  articles  and  substances . 

1 

19 

352 

protection  of  streets  below . 

1 

19 

352 

violations  . 

3 

19 

352 

scenic : 

a  common  show . 

60 

3 

40 

construction  . 

561 

5 

134 

inspection  . 

565 

5 

135 

license  . 

61 

3 

40 

operation  . ; . 

..  561-567 

5 

134 

superintendents  of  buildings,  jurisdiction . 

563 

5 

135 

606 

INDEX. 


Sec. 

Chap. 

Page 

Railroads — Continued : 

smoke  nuisance  . 

211 

20 

392 

street : 

headlights  for  cars . 

10 

19 

352 

licenses  . 

11 

19 

353 

obstruction,  by  house-moving . 

144 

23 

438 

snow  removal  by . 

22 

22 

420 

speed  of  cars . 

15 

24 

460 

sprinkling  streets  . 

16 

22 

419 

stops  . 

18 

24 

463 

transfers  . . 

12 

19 

353 

violations  . 

34 

19 

354 

trunk  line  or  steam: 

engines;  cinders,  ashes,  gas,  steam  or  odors  from.. 

212 

20 

392 

grade  crossings  . 

32 

19 

354 

Long  Island  . 

31 

19 

353 

Park  avenue  tunnel . 

30 

19 

353 

obstruction  of  streets . 

33 

19 

354 

violations  . 

34 

19 

354 

Railroad  track  torpedoes,  manufacture  and  storage . 

90 

10 

254 

Railroad  wires,  sources  of  electrical  supply . 

441 

9 

200 

Raising  or  lowering  buildings  to  grade . 

623 

5 

139 

Ranges,  setting  . 

397 

5 

113 

Reactive  coils  and  condensers . 

580 

9 

227 

Real  estate,  included  in  “real  property” . 

1 

1 

9 

Real  estate  of  city: 

conveyances  of,  procedure  . 

104 

2 

22 

deeds,  grants  and  leases  to  city,  tiling . 

101 

2 

22 

leases  of,  procedure . 

102 

2 

22 

disposition  of  proceeds . 

5 

2 

•  15 

records  . . . . 

101 

2 

22 

subletting,  assigning  . 

103 

2 

22 

quit-rents  . 

105 

2 

22 

records  of,  with  comptroller  . 

101 

2 

22 

rents,  collection  of _ . . . . 

100 

2 

22 

disposition  of  . 

5 

2 

15 

sales  of,  execution  of  deeds . 

104 

2 

22 

supervised  by  comptroller  . 

100 

2 

22 

unproductive,  disposition  of  . 

102 

2 

22 

Real  property,  defined . 

1 

1 

9 

Reasonable  care,  by  drivers  of  vehicles . 

41 

24 

466 

Receiver  of  taxes,  bond . 

270 

2 

28 

Receptacles  for  ashes,  garbage  and  refuse . 

248. 249 

20 

398 

Recesses  in  walls,  construction  . 

261 

5 

90 

Recreation  piers: 

construction  and  reservation . 

12 

8 

154 

controlled  by  dock  commissioner . 

12 

8 

154 

lower  deck  reserved  for  state  traffic . 

12 

8 

154 

maintenance  of  order  upon . 

12 

8 

154 

607 


INDEX. 


Sec. 

Chap. 

Page 

Reformatories : 

construction  ( See  Building  Code.) 
infectious  diseases : 

cases  to  be  reported . . . 

91 

20 

371 

patients  to  be  isolated . 

96 

20 

372 

Refrigerating  plants : 

permit  required,  to  operate . 

216 

10 

280 

fee  . 

43 

10 

243 

exemptions  . 

221 

10 

281 

construction  of  building: 

classification  . 

70 

5 

58 

equipment : 

generally  . 

71-73 

5 

58 

doors,  lights  . . 

219 

10 

280 

emergency  pipes  . 

217 

10 

280 

exits  . 

217 

10 

280 

piping  . 

600 

5 

137 

safety  appliances  . 

220 

10 

281 

pressure  allowable  . 

217 

10 

280 

Refuse  materials :  ( See  ashes,  garbage  and  refuse  materials.) 
must  not  be  deposited  in : 

parks  . 

9 

17 

341 

sewers  . . 

20 

21 

416 

streets  . 

10 

22 

417 

tidal  waters  . 

122 

8 

165 

removal  from : 

buildings  . 

248 

20 

398 

streets  . 

248 

20 

398 

vessels  . 

123 

8 

165 

sale  of  the  city’s . 

11 

1 

13 

Registers  :  ( See  Hot-air  heating.) 

R.  N.,  use  of  symbol  regulated . 

219 

20 

393 

Registered  nurses,  qualifications  . 

219 

20 

393 

Regulation  of  lots  . 

212 

5 

80 

Reinforced  concrete  construction: 

application,  availability . i . 

331 

5 

96 

definitions  . 

330 

5 

96 

concrete  composition : 

aggregate  . 

332 

5 

97 

mixture  . 

332 

5 

97 

reinforcement : 

generally  . . . 

333 

5 

97 

placing  . 

335 

5 

97 

protecting  . 

339 

5 

99 

web  . 

335 

5 

97 

rules  governing . 

341 

5 

99 

test  of  loads . 

340 

5 

99 

units  and  details: 

beams  . 

335 

5 

97 

columns  . 

337 

5 

98 

floor  fillers  . 

336 

5 

98 

608 


INDEX. 


Reinforced  concrete  construction — Continued: 
units  and  details — Continued: 

Sec. 

Chap. 

Page 

frame  building  walls . 

481 

5 

122 

slabs,  tee  beams  . 

335 

5 

97 

walls  . 

331 

5 

96 

working  stresses  . 

Rents :  ( See  Real  Estate  of  City.) 

Repair  of  buildings : 

334 

5 

97 

generally  . 

3 

5 

46 

frame  . 

93 

5 

66 

ordinary,  defined  . 

Repeal : 

3 

5 

46 

existing  general  ordinances  . 

1 

28 

486 

saving  clause  . 

2 

28 

486 

Reptiles,  protection  of  park  . 

Residence  buildings : 

15 

17 

342 

defined  . 

construction : 

details:  ( See  Specific  Subjects,  Building  Code.) 

71 

5 

58 

frame  . 

470-481 

5 

119 

generally  . 

71-73 

5 

58 

exit  facilities  . 

152 

5 

69 

fire  proofing  shafts  in . 

373 

5 

106 

light  and  ventilation . 

Restaurants : 

buildings  containing: 

130 

5 

67 

classified  . 

construction : 

70 

5 

58 

generally  . 

details:  ( See  Specific  Subject,  Building  Code.) 

71-73 

5 

58 

employees,  health  restrictions . 

146 

20 

382 

exit  facilities  . . . 

food  in: 

152 

5 

69 

preparation  and  service  . 

149 

20 

383 

protection  from  flies  or  dust . 

142 

20 

381 

purity  and  wholesomeness . 

141 

.  20 

381 

lavatories,  use  of  common  towels . 

214 

20 

393 

management  to  comply  with  health  regulations . 

148 

20 

383 

sanitary  requirements  . 

utensils  for  dispensing  food  and  drink  in : 

147 

20 

383 

care  of  . 

144. 145 

20 

382 

common  use,  prohibited . . . 

143 

20 

382 

water  rates  . 

Restricted  areas:  (See  Fire  Limits,  Suburban  Fire  Limits.) 
Retail  drug  store : 

21 

25 

470 

defined  . 

1 

10 

235 

permit,  issue . 

290 

10 

291 

fee  . 

43 

10 

240 

requirements,  fire  prevention . 

293 

10 

293 

lights  . 

293 

10 

293 

609 


INDEX. 


Sec. 

Chap. 

Page 

Retail  drug  store — Continued: 

restrictions : 

quantities  . 

291 

10 

291 

storage  . 

292 

10 

293 

Retaining  walls : 

building  construction: 

excavation  supports  . 

230 

5 

81 

foundation  work  . 

237 

5 

85 

regulation  of  lots : 

construction  and  maintenance . 

211 

5 

79 

controversies  concerning  . 

214 

5 

80 

neglect  to  construct  or  repair . 

213 

5 

80 

violations  . 

215 

5 

80 

Retorts : 

classified  . 

391 

5 

110 

installation  or  alteration . 

390 

5 

110 

Rheostats,  resistance  boxes  and  equalizers:  ( See  Electrical 

Code.) 

Right  of  entry,  building  bureau  employees . 

10 

5 

49 

Rivets  and  riveting,  iron  and  steel  construction . 

306 

5 

95 

Road,  included  in  “street” . 

1 

1 

9 

Roadway : 

defined  . 

1 

24 

456 

included  in  “street” . 

1 

1 

9 

Rock  and  stone: 

bearing  capacity  . . 

231 

5 

82 

weights  . 

21 

5 

50 

working  stresses  . 

51 

5 

53 

Roller  coaster : 

a  common  show . 

60 

3 

40 

construction  and  operation . 

560-586 

5 

134 

Roller-skating,  in  parks . 

8 

17 

341 

Roof  gardens,  above  theatres . 

536 

5 

133 

Roofs : 

construction  and  repair: 

generally  . . 

421 

5 

116 

outside  fire  limits . 

474 

5 

. . . 

adjoining,  protection  during  construction . 

193 

5 

78 

bulkheads  . 

426 

5 

117 

cornices  . 

422 

5 

116 

dormer  windows . 

427 

5 

118 

gutters  . 

422 

5 

116 

ladders  and  scuttles  to . 

425 

5 

117 

leaders  . 

423 

5 

llo 

maintenance  . 

59 

20 

367 

pent  houses  upon . 

426 

5 

117 

safe  loads  for . 

53 

5 

56 

scuttles  in  . 

425 

5 

117 

skylights  . 

424 

5 

116 

610 


INDEX. 


Roofs — Continued: 

slanting  . 

smoke  pipes  through . 

sun  parlors  on . . 

tanks  on  . 

Sec.. 

427 
403 
426 

428 

Chap. 

5 

5 

5 

5 

Page 

118 

115 

117 

118 

wires  on:  ( See  Electrical  Code.) 

Roof-signs :  (See  Signs  and  Showbills.) 

Rooms  (size  and  ventilation)  : 

alcove  . 

130 

5 

67 

business  buildings  . 

131 

5 

67 

public  buildings  . 

132 

5 

67 

residence  buildings  . 

130 

5 

67 

Rosettes,  electrical:  (See  Electrical  Code.) 

Rubella,  reports  of  cases . . 

86 

20 

369 

Rubber  cement,  fee  for  permit  to  store . 

43 

10 

243 

Rubbish :  (See  Ashes,  Garbage  and  Refuse.) 

Rubble  stone  construction :  (See  Masonry  Construction.) 

limitation  . . 

253 

5 

87 

Rules  of  the  road,  traffic  regulations . 

.  10-18 

24 

456 

Rules : 

building  construction  . 

7 

5 

49 

elevators  . 

561 

5 

134 

fire  extinguishing  appliances . 

580 

5 

136 

of  the  road . 

.  10-18 

24 

456 

Running  boards,  electrical:  (See  Electrical  Code.) 

Rustications,  restricted  . 

170 

5 

74 

s. 

Safe  carrying  capacity  (building  construction) . 

.  50-54 

5 

53 

Safe-guards  during  building  construction : 

excavations  to  be  protected . 

230 

5 

80 

fireproof  floors  . 

195 

5 

78 

floor  openings  . 

196 

5 

78 

overloading  . 

199 

5 

78 

roofs  and  skylights  of  adjoining  buildings . 

193 

5 

78 

scaffolding . 

194 

5 

78 

sidewalk  sheds  . . 

191 

5 

77 

superintendent  of  buildings,  duties . 

190 

5 

77 

temporary  fences  . 

192 

5 

77 

Safe  loads  for  masonry  work . 

53 

5 

56 

Safes,  placing  in  buildings . 

55 

5 

57 

Safety  stops,  street  cars  and  omnibuses . 

18 

24 

463 

Saloons : 

defined  . . 

1 

20 

355 

use  of  common  towels  in  lavatories . 

214 

20 

393 

utensils  for  dispensing  food  and  drink  in : 

care  of . . 

.  144,145 

20 

382 

common  use,  prohibited  . 

143 

20 

382 

Salting  tracks,  forbidden  without  permit . 

23 

22 

421 

Sand : 

as  foundation  . 

231 

5 

82 

bearing  capacity  . 

231 

5 

82 

dust,  creation  to  be  avoided . 

253 

20 

400 

specification  . 

24 

5 

51 

611 


INDEX. 


Sanitary  Code: 
enforcement : 

contractors,  duties  . 

misfeasance  and  non-feasance . 

notices  and  orders,  destruction  of . 

obstruction  of  health  officers . 

regulations  and  orders,  observance . 

subjects : 

abatement  of  nuisances . 

acts  or  omissions  detrimental  to  public  health . 

acute  anterior  poliomyelitis,  report  of  cases . 

alcoholic  spirits,  permits  toi  distill . 

analyst  of  health  department,  presumption  as  to  affi¬ 
davit  . 

animals : 

abandoned,  disposition  . 

contagiously  diseased  or  exposed . 

dead : 

interference  with  . 

placing  in  streets  or  public  waters . 

reporting,  removal  . 

skinning,  restricted  . 

diseased  or  injured  beyond  recovery . 

homeless,  shelter  for  . 

injured  beyond  recovery  . 

interference  with  dead,  sick  or  injured . 

keeping  or  yarding  in  city . 

noisy,  keeping  . 

rabid  or  vicious  . 

small,  keeping  for  sale . 

throwing  into  streets  or  public  waters  dead, 
sick  or  injured  . 

anthrax:  ( See  infectious  diseases.) 

anti-toxin,  distribution  . . . 

arsenic  poisoning,  reports  of  cases . 

artificial  water,  manufacture  and  sale . 

ashes : 

defined  . 

collection  and  removal . 

escape  of  dust  from,  prohibited . 

Asiatic  cholera :  ( See  infectious  diseases.) 

bacterial  organisms,  inoculation  . . 

bakeries,  defined  . 

barbershops,  conduct  of . 

bathing  establishments : 

permit  to  maintain  . 

safeguards  required,  ocean  . 

bichloride  of  mercury,  sale  restricted . 

birds,  noisy;  keeping . 


Sec. 

Chap. 

Page 

182 

20 

389 

181 

20 

389 

189 

20 

390 

186 

20 

390 

184 

20 

390 

185 

20 

390 

181 

20 

389 

86 

20 

369 

332 

20 

408 

188 

20 

390 

2-4 

20 

358 

6 

20 

358 

7 

20 

359 

8 

20 

359 

6 

20 

358 

323, 324 

20 

406 

5-7 

20 

358 

16 

20 

360 

5-7 

20 

358 

7 

20 

359 

11,12 

20 

359 

215 

20 

393 

10 

20 

359 

18 

20 

360 

8 

20 

359 

121 

20 

376 

92 

20 

371 

165 

20 

387 

1 

20 

355 

248-250 

20 

398 

253 

20 

400 

120 

20 

376 

1 

20 

355 

335 

20 

409 

340 

20 

409 

341 

20 

410 

125 

20 

377 

215 

20 

393 

612 


INDEX. 


Sanitary  Code — Continued : 

Sec. 

Chap. 

Page 

subj  ects — Continued : 

births : 

certificates,  falsification  or  forgery . 

36 

20 

363 

on  vessels,  reports  of  . 

357 

20 

412 

register : 

physicians  and  midwives  to  keep . 

31 

20 

361 

transcripts,  filing  with  health  department.. 

31 

20 

361 

reports : 

parents,  physicians  and  midwives  to  make.. 

31 

20 

361 

falsification  or  forgery  of . 

36 

20 

363 

bisulphide  of  carbon  poisoning,  reports  of  cases . 

92 

20 

371 

boarding  house: 

defined  . 

1 

20 

355 

food  and  drink: 

preparation  and  service  . 

149 

20 

383 

utensils  for,  care  of . 

144 

20 

382 

sailor  inmates,  reports  as  to  sick . 

362 

20 

413 

sanitary  requirements  . 

56 

20 

366 

boiling  fish,  swill  or  offal,  restricted . 

324 

20 

406 

bones ;  boiling,  burning  or  grinding  . 

323,  324 

20 

406 

brass  poisoning,  reports  of  cases . 

92 

20 

371 

building,  defined  . 

183 

20 

390 

building  materials,  as  street  obstructions . 

313 

20 

405 

buildings,  sanitary  requirements . 

51-62 

20 

365 

businesses,  dangerous  or  detrimental  to  public  health 

321 

20 

406 

butcher,  defined  . 

1 

20 

355 

caisson  disease,  reports  of  cases . 

92 

20 

371 

calves,  slaughtering  age . 

160 

20 

386 

camps,  establishing  and  maintaining . 

217 

20 

393 

cannabis  indica,  sale  or  distribution . 

126 

20 

377 

carbolic  acid,  sale  restricted  . 

123 

20 

376 

carbon  monoxide  poisoning,  reports  of  cases . 

92 

20 

371 

cattle:  ( See  Animals.) 

keeping  . 

11 

20 

359 

maintenance,  food  and  water . 

14 

20 

360 

slaughtering  restrictions  . 

161 

20 

386 

transporting  alive,  in  vehicles . 

15 

20 

360 

cellars : 

defined  . 

1 

20 

355 

sleeping  or  living  in,  prohibited . 

54 

20 

366 

cemeteries,  burial  and  exhumation  of  bodies . 

44, 45 

20 

364 

cerebro-spinal  meningitis  :  ( See  Infectious  Diseases.) 

chemist,  analyst  or  expert  of  health  department,  pre¬ 

sumption  as  to  his  affidavit . 

188 

20 

390 

chickenpox :  ( See  Infectious  Diseases.) 

chickens  :  ( See  Fowl.) 

chief  medical  examiner,  duties  of . 

80 

20 

368 

children : 

board  and  care  . 

197 

20 

391 

dav  nurseries  . 

198 

20 

391 

physical  care  of  school . 

200 

20 

391 

vaccination  . 

199 

20 

391 

613 


INDEX. 


Sanitary  Code — Continued: 
subjects — Continued: 

chloral,  sale  or  distribution . 

cigars,  cigarettes  and  tobacco: 

manufacturing,  requirements  and  restrictions... 

smoking  in  subway,  prohibited  . 

cinders,  discharge  or  escape  of . 

cleaning  streets,  method  . 

coal,  escape  of  dust . 

cold  storage  food,  requirements  and  restrictions.... 

conditions  prejudicial  to  life  or  health . 

conjunctivitis  (suppurative),  reports  of  cases . 

contractors,  duties  and  responsibilities . 

cows  :  ( See  Animals.) 

keeping . 

tuberculin  test . 

crema,  defined  . 

crematories,  requirements  concerning . 

cultures,  distribution  . 

cuspidors,  where  required . 

cyanide  or  cyanogen,  use  in  fumigation . 

day  nurseries,  permit  to  maintain . 

dead  animals : 

horses  to  be  tagged  by  owner . 

interference  with  . 

placing  in  streets  or  public  waters . 

reporting,  removal  , . 

skinning,  restricted  . 

dead  bodies  (human),  requirements  as  to  their  care 

and  disposition  . 

deaths : 

certificates : 

physicians  to  make . 

falsification  or  forgery  of . 

infectious  disease  cases,  reports . 

medical  examiners  duties  respecting . 

on  board  vessels,  reports . 

physicians’  duties  respecting: 

register  to  be  kept,  transcripts . 

reports  and  certificates . 

reports : 

physicians  to  make . 

falsification  or  forgery  of . 

dinitrobenzine  poisoning,  reports  of  cases . 

diphtheria,  croup:  ( See  Infectious  Diseases.) 
diseases : 

infectious : 

enumerated  . 

exclusion  from  schools  of  persons  having.. 

funerals  of  victims  of . 

isolation  of  patients . . . 


Sec. 

Chap. 

Page 

126 

20 

377 

338 

20 

409 

216 

20 

393 

212 

20 

392 

311 

20 

405 

253 

20 

400 

71-75 

20 

368 

53 

20 

366 

91 

20 

371 

182 

20 

389 

11 

20 

359 

13 

20 

360 

152 

20 

384 

44,' 45 

20 

364 

121 

20 

376 

213 

20 

392 

104 

20 

373 

198 

20 

391 

.  9 

20 

359 

7 

20 

359 

8 

20 

359 

6 

20 

358 

323,  324 

20 

406 

37-45 

20 

363 

32 

20 

362 

36 

20 

363 

90 

.20 

371 

80 

20 

368 

357 

20 

412 

32,  33 

20 

362 

36 

20 

363 

32 

20 

362 

36 

20 

363 

92 

20 

371 

86 

20 

369 

94, 95 

20 

371 

103 

20 

373 

89 

20 

370 

614 


INDEX. 


Sanitary  Code — Continued:  Sec.  Chap.  Page 

subjects — Continued : 
diseases — Continued: 


infectious — Continued : 


removal  to  hospitals . 

97 

20 

372 

removing,  generally  . 

98 

20 

372 

reports  of  cases . 

86,  87 

20 

369 

reports  of  deaths . 

90 

20 

371 

tenement  house  workers  having,  restrictions 

upon  . . 

99 

20 

372 

undertakers’  duties  as  to  victims  of . 

102 

20 

373 

occupational ;  enumeration  and  requirements 

concerning  . 

92 

20 

371 

venereal;  reports  required  concerning . 

88 

20 

370 

disinfection,  after  infectious  diseases . 

101 

20 

373 

dogs:  {See,  also,  Animals): 

muzzling  required  . 

17 

20 

360 

rabid  or  vicious . 

10 

20 

359 

drainage  from  private  property,  escape  across  street 

or  sidewalk  . 

271 

20 

401 

drainage  of  marshland . 

272 

20 

401 

drain  pipes,  location  and  construction . 

279-281 

20 

402 

drinking  utensils,  common  use  of . 

143 

20 

382 

drugs  and  medicines : 

adulterating  and  misbranding . 

116 

20 

374 

anti-toxins  . 

121 

20 

376 

bacterial  organisms,  for  inoculation . 

120 

20 

376 

cultures  . 

121 

20 

376 

habit  forming,  restrictions  concerning . 

126 

20 

377 

misrepresenting  . 

118 

20 

376 

patent  and  proprietary,  requirements  and  re- 

strictions  as  to  sale  and  distribution . 

117 

20 

376 

110 

20 

376 

poisons;  sale,  distribution  or  use . 

122 

20 

376 

serums,  free  distribution . 

121 

20 

376 

substitutions  of  and  misrepresentations  as  to.. 

118 

20 

376 

ducks:  {See  Fowl.) 

dust,  discharge  or  escape  of . 

212 

20 

392 

dwellings,  sanitary  requirements . 

54 

20 

366 

dysentery,  epidemic:  {See  Infectious  Diseases.) 
eggs: 

breaking  out,  canning;  permit  required . 

“  spots  ”  and  “  spot-eggs,”  defined  and  sale  re¬ 

331 

20 

408 

stricted  . . 

331 

20 

408 

factories : 

defined  . 

1 

20 

355 

cleaning,  heating,  lighting  and  ventilating,  re- 

quirements  . 

55 

20 

366 

occupational  diseases  . 

92 

20 

371 

over-crowding,  prohibited  . 

56 

20 

366 

sanitary  conditions,  generally . 

51-53 

20 

365 

suction  ventilation,  required  in  certain . 

339 

20 

409 

615 

INDEX. 


Sec. 

Chap. 

Page 

Sanitary  Code — Continued: 
subj  ects — Continued: 

farcy,  duty  of  veterinarians  and  others  respecting 

animals  afflicted  with . 

2-4 

20 

358 

fat  rendering: 

permit  required  for  business . 

329 

20 

407 

restrictions  concerning  . 

324 

20 

406 

feathers,  escape  of  fragments . 

253 

20 

400 

fertilizer,  manufacture  restricted . 

324 

20 

406 

fish: 

defined,  generally . 

1 

20 

355 

as  “  meat  ”  . 

163 

20 

386 

sale  of  unsound,  prohibited . 

160 

20 

386 

163 

20 

386 

seizure  and  destruction  of  unsound; . 

137 

20 

379 

food:  ( See  Food  and  Drink.) 

defined  . 

1 

20 

355 

cold  storage,  requirements  and  restrictions.... 

71-75 

20 

368 

spoiled,  reports  of  poisonings  by . 

93 

20 

371 

food  and  drink: 

defined  . 

139 

20 

380 

“  adulterated  ”  or  “  misbranded,”  defined  and 

sale  prohibited  . 

139 

20 

380 

beverages,  care  of  appliances  for  serving . 

145 

20 

382 

cold  storage  (food),  requirements  as  to . 

71-75 

20 

368 

condemnation  and  destruction  of  unwholesome. 

137 

20 

379 

dealers  in,  presumption  as  to  possession  of . 

138 

20 

380 

deleterious  substances  in . . 

141 

20 

381 

drinking  utensils,  common  use . 

143 

20 

382 

eating  utensils,  common  use . 

145 

20 

382 

false  name  or  quality,  sale  under . 

140 

20 

381 

horses,  slaughtering  for  food . 

327 

20 

407 

inspection  . 

136 

20 

379 

manufacture  and  storage . 

146-149 

20 

382 

meat  and  meat  animals . 

160-162 

20 

386 

milk  and  milk  products . 

151-159 

20 

383 

mineral  or  spring  waters . 

165 

20 

387 

oyster  traffic  . 

164 

20 

387 

protection  from  dirt,  dust  or  flies . 

142 

20 

381 

sale  and  service . '.. 

149, 150 

20 

383 

spoiled,  reports  of  poisonings  by . 

93 

20 

371 

unsound  or  unwholesome . 

163 

20 

386 

unwholesome  substances  in . 

141 

20 

381 

utensils  for  preparing  or  serving . 

144, 145 

20 

382 

water : 

artificial  or  natural  drinking . 

165 

20 

387 

drinking  hvdrants  . 

169 

20 

388 

public  supply,  protection  of . 

166, 167 

20 

387 

wells,  restrictions  as  to  use  of . 

168 

20 

387 

616 


INDEX. 


Sanitary  Code — Continued: 

Sec. 

Chap. 

Page 

sub  j  ects — C  ontinued : 

fowl : 

defined  as  “meat” . 

163 

20 

386 

keeping,  killing  or  selling . 

19 

20 

360 

sale  of  sickly  or  unwholesome . 

160 

20 

386 

garbage : 

defined  . 

1 

20 

355 

accumulation,  collection  and  removal . 

248-250 

20 

398 

gas,  discharge  or  escape  of . 

212 

20 

392 

gas  manufacturing,  requirements  and  restrictions.. 

333 

20 

408 

gas  poisoning,  reports  of  cases . 

92 

20 

371 

glanders : 

in  animals  . 

2-4 

20 

358 

in  humans:  ( See  Infectious  Diseases.) 

glue  making,  restricted . 

324 

20 

406 

gutters  (roof),  construction  and  maintenance . 

283 

20 

402 

goats:  ( See  Animals.) 

gut-cleaning,  restricted  . 

324 

20 

406 

.  habit-forming  drugs,  enumerated ;  sale  or  distribu- 

tion  restricted  . 

126 

20 

377 

hair,  escape  of  bits  of  loose . 

253 

20 

400 

hide  cleaning,  restricted . 

324 

20 

406 

hides  and  leather,  permit  required  to  scour  or  dress. 

328 

20 

407 

hook-worm  diseases:  ( See  Infectious  Diseases.) 

horses :  (See  Animals.) 

slaughtering  for  food . 

327 

20 

407 

tags  required  for  dead . 

9 

20 

359 

hospitals,  public  or  private : 

establishment  or  maintenance,  permit  required.. 

220 

20 

394 

infectious  diseases  in,  reports  required . 

86 

20 

369 

occupational  diseases,  reports  of  cases . 

92 

20 

371 

venereal  diseases,  reports  of  cases . 

88 

20 

370 

house-boats,  permits  required  to  use . 

360 

20 

413 

infantile  paralysis :  ( See  Infectious  Diseases.) 

infectious  diseases : 

defined  . 

1 

20 

355 

enumerated  . 

86 

20 

369 

acts  tending  to  spread . 

100 

20 

373 

bodies  of  victims  of,  disposition . 

102. 103 

20 

373 

deaths  from,  reports  of . 

90 

20 

371 

disinfection  of  premises  affected . 

101 

20 

373 

funerals  of  victims . 

103 

20 

373 

institutions  to  report  cases . 

86 

20 

369 

91 

20 

371 

patients : 

exclusion  from  schools . 

94, 95 

20 

371 

isolation  . 

89 

20 

370 

96 

20 

372 

manufacturing  by  tenement,  prohibited . 

99 

20 

372 

removal  to  hospitals . 

97 

20 

372 

removing  from  place  to  place . 

98 

20 

372 

617 


INDEX. 


Sanitary  Code — Continued: 
subjects — Continued: 

infectious  diseases — Continued: 
physicians  must  report : 


Sec.  Chap.  Page 


cases  . 

deaths  . 

reports  of  cases,  required . 

reports  of  deaths,  required . 

restrictions  as  to  persons  having . 

undertakers’  duties  as  to  victims  of . 

spreading,  restrictions  against . 

inquests,  requirements  concerning . 

inspector  of  health  department,  interference  with.. 

institutions : 

infectious  diseases  in : 

patients  to  be  isolated . 

removal  of  patients . 

reports  concerning . 

occupational  diseases,  reports  of  cases . 

poisonings  by  spoiled  food,  reports  of  cases.... 

venereal  diseases,  reports  of  cases . 

lambs:  ( See  Animals),  slaughtering  age . 

lamp-black,  permit  required  to  make . 

laundries  (public),  conduct  of . 

leaders  (roof),  construction  and  use . < 

lead  poisoning,  reports  of  cases . 

leprosy:  ( See  Infectious  Diseases.) 
lessees  of  buildings,  responsibility  for  sanitary  con¬ 
ditions  . 

light,  defined  . * . 

light  of  buildings,  adequacy . . . 

lime  burning,  restricted . 

lime,  escape  of  dust  from . 

lodging  houses : 

defined  . 

conditions  prejudicial  to  life  or  health  in . 

light,  strength,  ventilation  and  sewerage . 

maintenance,  permit  required . 

over-crowding,  prohibited  . 

sick  lodgers  lately  aboard  vessels,  reports  as  to. 
malarial  fever :  ( See  Infectious  Diseases.) 


86 

20 

369 

90 

20 

371 

86, 87 

20 

369 

90 

20 

371 

09 

20 

372 

146 

20 

382 

102 

20 

373 

100 

20 

373 

80 

20 

368 

186 

20 

390 

96 

20 

372 

97 

20 

372 

86,87 

20 

369 

92 

20 

371 

93 

20 

371 

88 

20 

370 

160 

20 

386 

332 

20 

408 

336 

20 

409 

283 

20 

402 

92 

20 

371 

51-54 

20 

365 

182 

20 

389 

1 

20 

355 

52 

20 

365 

324 

20 

406 

253 

20 

400 

1 

20 

355 

53 

20 

366 

52 

20 

365 

334 

20 

409 

56 

20 

336 

362 

20 

413 

marriages : 

certificates : 

clergymen  or  others  performing  ceremonies 


to  make  .  34 

falsification  or  forgery  of .  36 


20  362 

20  363 


618 


INDEX. 


Sanitary  Code — Continued :  Sec.  Chap.  Page 

subjects — Continued: 

marriages — Continued: 

clergymen  or  others  performing  ceremonies, 
duties : 


marriage  register  to  be  kept . 

34 

20 

362 

register  transcript,  filing . 

33 

20 

362 

registration  in  health  department . 

35 

20 

363 

falsification  or  forgery  of  records  or  certificated 

36 

20 

363 

on  vessels,  reports  of . 

357 

20 

412 

measles:  ( See  Infectious  Diseases.) 

meat : 

defined  . 

1 

20 

355 

163 

20 

386 

sale  of  restrictions  .  160- 

-163 

20 

386 

medical  examiners,  duties  of . 

80 

20 

368 

meningitis,  cerebro-spinal  and  tuberculous :  ( See  In- 

fectious  Diseases.) 

mercurial  poisoning,  reports  of  cases . 

92 

20 

371 

metals,  permit  to  refine  or  treat . 

332 

20 

408 

methyl  alcohol : 

poisoning  by,  reports  of  cases . 

92 

20 

371 

sale  and  distribution  restricted . 

124 

20 

377 

midwifery,  practice  requirements . 

196 

20 

391 

midwives : 

duties  as  to  births : 

register,  filing  transcripts . 

31 

20 

361 

reports  and  certificates  . 

31 

20 

361 

milk  and  milk  products  : 

“adulterated,”  defined  and  seizure  authorized..  151- 

-154 

20 

383 

condensed  and  condensed  skimmed . 

154 

20 

385 

delivery,  permit  required . 

155 

20 

385 

derivatives,  quality  of  products . 

158 

20 

386 

grades  and  designations .  156, 157 

20 

385 

“modified,”  defined  and  sales  restricted . 

155 

20 

385 

receptacles  for,  requirements  . 

159 

20 

386 

sale  or  keeping,  permit  required . 

155 

20 

385 

morphine,  sale  or  distribution . 

126 

20 

377 

motor-boats,  mufflers  for  exhausts . 

361 

20 

413 

mumps  :  ( See  Infectious  Diseases.) 

noise,  made  by  animals  or  birds . 

215 

20 

393 

notices  of  health  department,  protection  of . 

189 

20 

390 

“not  sound,”  defined . 

163 

20 

386 

nuisances : 

abatement  . 

185 

20 

390 

creation  or  maintenance,  responsibility . 

183 

20 

390 

general^  . 

53 

20 

366 

nurses,  requirements  and  restrictions  as  to  profes¬ 

sional  . 

219 

20 

393 

obstruction  of  streets : 

animal  or  vehicular . 

312 

20 

405 

building  material  or  debris . 

313 

20 

405 

619 


INDEX. 


Sec. 

Chap. 

Page 

Sanitary  Code — Continued: 

subjects — Continued: 

occupational  diseases  • 

defined  . 

92 

20 

371 

cases  of,  to  be  reported . 

92 

20 

371 

employees  to  be  safeguarded  against . : . . 

337 

20 

409 

occupations  dangerous  or  detrimental  to  life  or 

health,  prohibited  . . . 

321 

20 

406 

odors,  escape  of  offensive  or  noisome . 

212 

20 

392 

offal:  (See  Offensive  Materials),  boiling,  restricted. 

323,  324 

20 

406 

offensive  materials  or  liquids : 

accumulations : 

restrictions  as  to  disturbance  of . 

232 

20 

395 

retention  and  disposition . 

242 

20 

396 

collection  . 

241 

20 

396 

dangerous  to  life  or  health . 

231 

20 

395 

dead  or  diseased  animals,  disposal . 

243 

20 

397 

escape  to  street,  public  place  or  public  waters.. 

233-234 

20 

395 

filling  in  vacant  lots  with . 

251 

20 

399 

garbage  boats,  restricted . 

238 

20 

396 

heating,  drying,  boiling  or  storing . 

324 

20 

406 

manure : 

accumulating,  storing  . 

242 

20 

396 

transporting  . 

240 

20 

396 

offal  and  butchers’  refuse . 

239 

20 

396 

privies,  sinks,  vaults  and  cess-pools . 

235-237 

20 

395 

transportation  . 

238-241 

20 

396 

vehicles  carting,  maintenance . 

244 

20 

397 

vessels  carrying,  dock  restrictions . 

238 

20 

396 

245,  246 

20 

397 

offensive  or  noisome  trades,  occupations  and  busi¬ 

nesses,  restricted  . 

322-332 

20 

406 

omnibuses : 

cleaning  . 

301 

20 

404 

heating  . 

304 

20 

404 

soiled  clothing  or  bedding  in . 

302 

20 

404 

ventilating  . 

303 

20 

404 

opium,  sale  and  distribution . 

126 

20 

377 

orders  of  health  department,  compliance . 

184 

20 

390 

ores,  permit  required  to  refine  or  treat . 

332 

20 

408 

owners  of  buildings,  responsibility  for  sanitary 

conditions  . 

51-54 

20 

365 

183 

20 

390 

oysters,  restrictions  upon  traffic  in . 

164 

20 

387 

paratyphoid  fever:  (See  Infectious  Diseases.) 

passenger  cars : 

cleaning  . 

301 

20 

404 

heating^ . 

304 

20 

404 

soiled  clothing  or.  bedding  in . 

302 

20 

404 

ventilating  . 

303 

20 

404 

620 


INDEX , 


Sanitary  Code — Continued: 
subjects — Continued: 
permit : 

defined  . 

false  statements  in  application  for . 

required:  ( See  Specific  Subject.) 

phosphorus  poisoning,  reports  of  cases . 

physicians : 

defined  . . 

births : 

register,  filing  transcripts . 

reports  and  certificates . 

deaths : 

infectious  disease  cases,  reports . 

registry,  filing  transcripts . 

reports  and  certificates . 

infectious  diseases : 

cases  to  be  reported . 

deaths  to  be  reported . 

registration  with  health  department . 

pigeons,  keeping  alive . . 

pigs:  ( See  Animals),  slaughtering  age . 

places  of  public  worship,  responsibilities  of  persons 

in  charge  for  sanitary  conditions . 

plague:  ( See  Infectious  Diseases.) 
plumbing: 

construction,  installation  . 

maintenance,  repair  . 

ventilation  . 

private  market : 

defined  . 

privies,  vaults  and  cesspools,  construction  and 

maintenance  . 

public  place,  defined . 

puerperal  septicaemia,  reports  of  cases . 

rabid  animals,  care  and  destruction . 

rabies  :  ( See  Infectious  Diseases.) 

rahm,  defined  . 

refrigerators,  construction  of  drain-pipes . 

refuse:  ( See  Rubbish),  defined . 

registered  nurses,  protection  of  title . . 

regulations,  of  health  department,  observance . 

roofs  and  skylights,  maintenance . 

rubella,  German  measles :  ( See  Infectious  Diseases.) 

rubbish : 

defined  . 

collection  and  removal . 

saloon : 

defined  . 


Sec. 

Chap. 

Page 

1 

20 

355 

187 

20 

390 

92 

20 

371 

1 

20 

355 

31 

20 

361 

31 

20 

361 

90 

20 

371 

32,  33 

20 

362 

32 

20 

362 

86 

20 

369 

90 

20 

371 

218 

20 

393 

20 

20 

361 

160 

20 

386 

57 

20 

367 

278-281 

20 

402 

277 

20 

402 

282 

20 

402 

1 

20 

355 

284-287 

20 

403 

1 

20 

355 

91 

20 

371 

10 

20 

359 

152 

20 

384 

280 

20 

402 

1 

20 

355 

219 

20 

393 

184 

20 

390 

59 

20 

367 

1 

20 

355 

248-250 

20 

398 

1 

20 

355 

621 


INDEX. 


Sanitary  Code — Continued: 
subjects — Continued: 
saloon — Continued : 
drinking  utensils: 

care  of  . 

common  use,  prohibited . 

towels,  common  use . 

sand,  escape  of  dust  from . 

sausage  making,  permit  required . 

scarlet  fever:  ( See  Infectious  Diseases.) 


Sec.  Chap.  Page 


.  144,145 

20 

382 

143 

20 

382 

214 

20 

393 

253 

20 

400 

330 

20 

407 

schools : 

infectious  diseases  in: 

exclusion  of  pupils  having . 

reports  of  cases . 

teachers  having  tuberculosis . 

sanitary  condition  of,  responsibility  for . 

serums,  distribution  . 

sewerage  of  buildings,  responsibility  for . 

sewers  and  drains : 

construction  and  care  of  private . 

escape  of  offensive  matter  intoi  public . 

flushing,  public  . 

protection  from  street  refuse . 

ventilating  . 

sextons,  duties  respecting  dead  bodies . 

shell  burning,  restricted  . 

shell-fish,  disposition  of  refuse  from . 

sidewalks  and  curbing,  maintenance  . 

skinning  dead  animals,  restricted  . 

slaughtering  food  animals : 

age  restrictions,  calves,  lambs  and  pigs . 

“  dressed,”  defined  . 

overheated  or  feverish  cattle . 

restrictions,  location  of  abbatoir . 

slaughtering  horses  for  food . 

small-pox:  ( See  Infectious  Diseases.) 

smeteny,  sale  of  . 

smoke,  discharge  of  dense . 

smoking  cigars,  cigarettes  or  pipes,  prohibited  in 

subway  . 

smoking  or  preserving  meat  or  fish,  permit  required. 

soil  pipes,  location  and  construction  . .( . 

sore  throat,  epidemic  septic:  ( See  Infectious  Dis¬ 
eases.) 

spitting,  prohibited  . 

spring  water,  distribution  . 

stable : 

defined  . 

permit  required  for . 

sanitary  condition  of,  responsibility . 

steam,  discharge  or  escape  of . 


94 

20 

371 

87 

20 

370 

95 

20 

372 

57 

20 

367 

121 

20 

376 

52 

20 

365 

275, 276 

20 

401 

274 

20 

401 

273 

20 

401 

311 

20 

405 

282 

20 

402 

43-45 

20 

364 

324 

20 

406 

247 

20 

398 

53 

20 

366 

323,  324 

20 

406 

160 

20 

386 

160 

20 

386 

161 

20 

386 

325, 326 

20 

407 

327 

20 

407 

152 

20 

384 

211 

20 

392 

216 

20 

393 

330 

20 

407 

279 

20 

402 

213 

20 

392 

165 

20 

387 

1 

20 

355 

58 

20 

367 

51-53 

20 

365 

212 

20 

392 

622 


INDEX. 


Sanitary  Code — Continued: 
subjects — Continued: 
street  obstruction : 

Sec. 

Chap. 

Page 

animals  or  vehicles  . 

312 

20 

405 

building  materials  or  debris  . 

313 

20 

405 

strength  of  buildings,  to  be  adequate . 

52 

20 

365 

substitution  of  drugs  or  medicines . 

118 

20 

376 

suppurative  conjunctivitis,  reports  of  cases . 

91 

20 

371 

tanning,  permit  required  to  engage  in . 

328 

20 

407 

tar,  permit  required  to  make . 

332 

20 

408 

tenants  of  buildings,  responsibilities  . 

51-54 

20 

365 

tenement  house,  infected  occupants  forbidden  to 

183 

20 

390 

engage  in  manufacturing . 

99 

20 

372 

tents,  establishing  or  maintaining . 

tetanus  :  ( See  Infectious  Diseases.) 

217 

20 

393 

theatres,  sanitary  requirements  . 

51-53 

20 

365 

55 

20 

366 

towels,  use  of  common . 

trachoma:  ( See  Infectious  Diseases.) 
trichinosis:  ( See  Infectious  Diseases.) 
tuberculosis,  pulmonary:  ( See  Infectious  Diseases.) 

214 

20 

393 

turpentine,  permit  required  to  make . 

typhoid  fever :  ( See  Infectious  Diseases.) 
typhus  fever:  ( See  Infectious  Diseases.) 
undertakers : 

332 

20 

408 

care  of  dead  persons . 

43-45 

20 

364 

duty  respecting  infected  bodies  . 

103 

20 

373 

vacant  lots,  cleaning  and  maintaining . 

251 

20 

400 

vaccination  of  children  and  other  wards . 

199 

20 

391 

vaccine,  distribution  . 

varicella,  chicken  pox:  ( See  Infectious  Diseases.) 

121 

20 

376 

varnish  and  oil,  permit  to  boil . 

332 

20 

408 

vegetables,  defined  and  sale  regulated . 

venereal  diseases: 

163 

20 

386 

reports  of  . 

88 

20 

370 

restrictions  upon  employment  of  persons  having 

146 

20 

382 

ventilation  of  buildings,  adequacy . 

52 

20 

365 

vent  pipes,  construction  and  location . 

vessels : 

281 

20 

402 

births  aboard,  reports . 

cargo : 

357 

20 

412 

permit  to  discharge  . 

358 

20 

412 

skins,  hides  and  rags . 

358 

20 

412 

deaths  aboard,  reports  . 

357 

20 

412 

from  infected  ports,  port  restrictions . 

352 

20 

411 

immigrants’  bedding,  etc.,  disposition . 

359 

20 

412 

infected  articles,  removal  from . 

infectious  disease  abroad: 

354 

20 

411 

quarantine,  permit  . 

352 

20 

411 

removal  of  patients  . 

354, 355 

20 

411 

report  of  cases  . 

351 

20 

411 

62  3 


INDEX. 


Sanitary  Code — Continued: 
subjects — Continued: 
vessels — Continued: 

Sec. 

Chap. 

Page 

in  port,  daily  report  to  health  department . 

353 

20 

411 

marriages  abroad,  reports  . 

refuse  and  rubbish  must  not  be  cast  overboard 

357 

20 

412 

from  . 

356 

20 

412 

walls  and  ceilings,  care  of . 

60 

20 

367 

waste  pipes,  location  and  construction . 

279 

20 

402 

281 

20 

402 

water-closets,  equipment  and  maintenance . . 

water  supply: 

284 

20 

403 

hydrants,  injury  to  or  interference  with . 

169 

20 

388 

purity  and  whoilesomeness,  to  be  safeguarded... 

166, 167 

20 

387 

wells,  restrictions  as  to  use . 

168 

20 

387 

water  tanks,  care  of . 

whooping  cough:  ( See  Infectious  Diseases.) 
wood  alcohol : 

61 

20 

367 

poisoning  by,  reports  of  cases . 

92 

20 

371 

sale  or  distribution . 

wood  naphtha: 

124 

20 

377 

poisoning  by,  reports  of  cases . 

92 

20 

371 

sale  or  distribution . . 

work-rooms : 

124 

20 

377 

sanitary  requirements  . 

55 

20 

366 

suction  ventilation,  when  required . • 

yellow  fever:  (See  Infectious  Diseases.) 

Sanitoria ;  infectious  diseases  in: 

339 

20 

409 

cases  to  be  reported . 

91 

20 

371 

patients  to  be  isolated . 

96 

20 

372 

Sausage,  manufacture  . 

330 

20 

407 

Scaffolds,  in  building  construction . 

194 

5 

78 

Scarlet  fever,  report  of  cases . 

Scenic  railway : 

86 

20 

369 

a  common  show . 

60 

3 

40 

construction  and  operation . 

Schools : 

buildings  : 

560-568 

5 

134 

classification  .  . 

construction : 

70 

5 

58 

generally  . 

details:  (See  Specific  Subject,  Building  Code.) 

71-73 

5 

58 

exit  facilities  . 

health  and  safety  requirements : 

152 

5 

69 

fire  alarm  connection . 

20 

12 

301 

fire  extinguishing  appliances . 

20 

12 

301 

health  certificates  required . 

200 

20 

391 

infected  pupils,  exclusion . 

94 

20 

371 

physical  care  of  pupils . 

puerperal  septicaemia  and  suppurative  conjunc- 

200 

20 

391 

tivitis,  report  of  cases . 

91 

20 

371 

624 


INDEX. 


Sec. 

Chap. 

Page 

Schools — Continued: 

buildings — Continued: 

health  and  safety  requirements — Continued: 

responsibility  for  compliance  with . 

57 

20 

367 

teachers  having  tuberculosis,  exclusion . 

94 

20 

371 

restrictions : 

explosives  and  hazardous  trades :  ( See  Specific 

Subject.) 

fire  drills,  interfering  with . 

22 

12 

302 

hand  organs  . 

170 

14 

330 

speed  of  vehicles . 

17 

24 

461 

street  noises  . 

132 

23 

435 

traffic  on  streets  near . 

132 

23 

435 

use  of  common  towels . 

214 

20 

393 

School  streets,  traffic  regulation  on . 

132 

23 

435 

Scuttles  (roof),  required . 

425 

5 

117 

Seal : 

city  . 

2 

1 

10 

building  bureaus  . 

9 

5 

49 

Second-hand  dealers:  ( See  Dealers  in  Second-hand  Articles.) 

Self-closing  fire-doors  ( See  Fire  Doors.) 

Selling  or  vending,  in  parks . 

12 

17 

342 

Septicaemia  (puerperal),  report  of  cases . 

91 

20 

371 

Series,  electrical :  (See  Electrical  Code.) 

Serum  (therapeutic)  : 

free  distribution  of . 

121 

20 

376 

requirements  concerning  . 

116 

20 

374 

Service  wires :  (See  Electrical  Code.) 

Session  laws,  printing  for  Queens  and  Richmond . 

8 

27 

4S4 

Sewage  disposal  works,  included  in  “sewer’’ . 

1 

1 

9 

Sewer,  defined  . 

1 

1 

9 

Sewers  and  drains : 

borough  presidents’  control . 

1 

21 

414 

connections : 

adequacy  . 

276 

20 

401 

changes  in,  notification  of  health  department . 

275 

20 

401 

flushing  . 

273 

20 

401 

making : 

permit  required  . 

10 

21 

414 

fee  for  permit . 

12 

21 

415 

licensed  constructors  required . 

13 

21 

415 

materials  and  mode . 

10 

21 

415 

water  supply  for . 

15 

21 

415 

construction : 

private  . 

11 

21 

414 

notice  to  public  service  corporations  of  excavations. 

14 

21 

415 

injury  to  or  removal  of  manholes,  basins,  etc . 

23 

21 

416 

outlet  to  tidewater . 

274 

20 

401 

625 


INDEX. 


Sec. 

Chap. 

Page 

Sewers  and  drains — Continued: 

prohibited  discharges  into : 

gas  making  effluent . 

20 

408 

matter  likely  to  obstruct . 

21 

416 

steam  or  hot  water . 

21 

416 

street  sweepings  or  other  refuse . 

.  17 

22 

419 

volatile  inflammable  liquids . 

21 

416 

ventilators  for,  construction . 

20 

402 

violations  . 

21 

41  f. 

Sextons,  registration  and  duties . 

20 

364 

Shafts  in  buildings : 

defined  . 

5 

105 

dumb-waiter,  fireproofing  . . 

5 

106 

elevator,  enclosure  . 

5 

106 

elevators,  number  in . 

5 

106 

enclosure  of  . _ 

5 

106 

fireproofing  . 

.  374 

5 

108 

gates  for  elevator  or  hoistway . 

374 

5 

108 

light  and  vent . 

373 

5 

106 

trapdoors  in  . 

374 

5 

108 

vent  . 

_  373 

5 

106 

Shale  oil:  ( See  Petroleum.) 

Shanties  (builders’),  construction . 

477 

5 

120 

Sheds : 

generallv  . 

477 

5 

120 

over  sidewalks  during  construction . 

191 

5 

77 

Sheep:  ( See  Animals.) 

contagiously  diseased,  keeping  or  importing . 

4 

20 

358 

keeping  . 

11 

20 

359 

slaughtering : 

permit  required  . 

325 

20 

407 

restricted  in  Manhattan  . 

326 

20 

407 

unfit  for  food,  condemnation  . 

137 

20 

379 

yarding  . 

11 

20 

359 

Shellfish,  disposition  of  refuse  from . . 

247 

20 

398 

Shell  road  bridge  (Brooklyn),  location  . 

1 

4 

43 

Shells,  burning  . 

324 

20 

406 

Ship  canal  bridge  (Harlem  river),  location . 

1 

4 

42 

Shooting  galleries : 

defined  . 

160 

14 

330 

license,  required  . . 

1 

14 

307 

fee  . . . 

161 

14 

330 

minors  forbidden  to  use . . . 

160 

14 

330 

Shop  :  ( See  Factories.) 

defined  . . 

183 

20 

390 

nuisances  prohibited  in  . 

183 

20 

390 

Show  cases,  upon  sidewalks . 

147 

23 

438 

Show-rooms,  exit  facilities  . 

152 

5 

69 

Shows :  ( See  Common  Shows.) 

in  houses,  obstructing  streets . 

22 

23 

424 

in  streets,  restricted  . 

136 

23 

435 

626 


INDEX . 


Show  windows,  construction  . 

Shut-off  valves,  required  . . 

Shutters,  fireproof ;  when  required  . 

Sick  persons : 

emergency  cases  . 

incurables  . 

insane  . 

non-residents  . 

Sidewalk : 

included  within  “  street  ”  . 

Sidewalk  bridges,  building  construction... 

Sidewalk  sheds,  construction  . 

Sidewalks : 

abutting  owners’  responsibilities . 

animals  prohibited  on  . 

board  or  plank,  restricted . 

bridges  across,  building  construction... 

building  projections  upon . 

carriageways  across . 

carrying  capacity,  safe  loads . 

composition  and  construction . 

construction  by  abutting  owner . . 

defacement  of  . 

displays  of  food  and  drink  on . 

drainage  from  buildings,  crossing . 

drains  across  . 

encroachments  upon . 

incumbrances  and  obstructions . 

injury  of  . 

interference  with  . 

maintenance  . 

nuisances  on,  abatement . 

obstruction  and  incumbrances . 

obstruction,  by  merchandise  or  vehicles 

property  owners  may  lay . 

removal  of  obstructions  on . 

repairing  and  relaying . 

spitting  upon,  prohibited  . 

safe  loads,  during  construction . 

sheds  over,  building  construction . 

unlawful  extensions . 

vaults  under . 

width  . 

violations  . 

Sightseeing  cars : 

defined  . 

rates  of  fare . 

regulation  of . 


Sec. 

Chap. 

Page 

422 

5 

116 

446 

5 

119 

601 

5 

138 

375 

5 

108 

1 

13 

306 

2 

13 

306 

3 

13 

306 

4 

13 

306 

1 

1 

9 

141 

23 

436 

191 

5 

77 

181 

23 

446 

312 

20 

405 

183 

23 

447 

141 

23 

436 

.  170-174 

5 

74 

184 

23 

447 

53 

5 

56 

180 

23 

446 

185 

23 

447 

187 

23 

447 

142 

20 

381 

271 

20 

401 

182 

23 

446 

.  170-174 

5 

74 

.  140-152 

23 

436 

187 

23 

447 

186 

23 

447 

181 

23 

446 

53 

20 

366 

.  140  152 

23 

436 

188 

23 

448 

312 

20 

405 

185 

23 

447 

53 

20 

366 

181 

23 

446 

213 

20 

392 

53 

5 

56 

191 

5 

77 

181 

23 

446 

.  240-243 

23 

436 

180 

23 

446 

189 

23  . 

448 

80 

14 

315 

102 

14 

320 

82 

14 

.315 

627 


INDEX. 


Sec. 

Chap. 

Page 

Signaling  system : 

defined  . 

1 

9 

167 

construction  and  installation . 

685, 686 

9 

228 

Signal  lights,  electrical:  ( See  Electrical  Code.) 

Signal  lights  (explosive),  regulations  as  to  manufacture . 

91 

10 

255 

Signature,  defined  . 

2 

5 

45 

Sign  flashes :  ( See  Electrical  Code.) 

Signs  and  show-bills : 

general  provisions  . 

210 

23 

448 

electric : 

authorization  . 

215 

23 

450 

construction  . 

583 

9 

227 

exemption  . 

219 

23 

452 

exceptions,  Fifth  avenue  (Manhattan) . 

210 

23 

448 

existing : 

permits  for . 

211 

23 

449 

alteration  of . 

218 

23 

452 

gas  illuminated  . 

215 

23 

450 

ground-level  . 

211,212 

23 

449 

illuminated  . 

215 

23 

450 

inspection  . 

221 

23 

452 

public,  protection  of  . 

222 

23 

452 

roof-signs  . 

211 

23 

449 

213 

23 

450 

street  signs,  protection  of  . 

222 

23 

452 

unlawful  . 

217 

23 

452 

unsafe  . 

216 

23 

451 

wall-signs  . 

214 

23 

450 

violations  . 

223 

23 

450 

Silver,  sale  of  second-hand  articles  of . 

40 

14 

310 

Sinking  Fund  Commissioners  (Board  of)  : 

investment  of  assets  of  sinking  funds . 

8 

2 

16 

leases  of  city  property  . 

102 

2 

22 

quorum  . 

3 

2 

14 

payment  of  interest  on  city  debt . 

5 

2 

15 

record  of  proceedings  . 

9 

2 

17 

report  to  board  of  aldermen . 

9 

2 

17 

Sinking  fund  of  the  city  of  New  York  for  the  payment  oif 

interest : 

composition  . 

5 

2 

15 

disbursements  from . 

5 

2 

15 

Sinking  fund  of  the  city  of  New  York  for  the  redemption 

of  the  city  debt : 

composition  . 

4 

2 

15 

investment  of  assets  . 

8 

2 

16 

Sinking  funds : 

collection  of  income . 

6 

2 

15 

reports  as  to  condition . 

9 

2 

17 

628 


INDEX. 


Sec.  Chap.  Page 

Skating  in  parks : 

on  ice .  14  17  342 

roller  skates  .  8  17  341 

Skeleton  (iron  or  steel)  construction .  351  5  99 

Skids,  across  sidewalk  .  188  23  448 

Skylights : 

construction  .  424  5  116 

maintenance  .  59  20  367 

protection  of,  during  adjoining  building  construction...  193  5  78 

Slanting  roofs,  construction .  427  5  118 

Slaughter  houses:  ( See  Factories.) 

establishment  or  maintenance,  permit  required .  325  20  407 

restricting,  Manhattan  .  326  20  407 

Sleighs,  bells  on  .  39  24  466 

Slow-burning  fuse:  ( See  Blasting  Caps)  defined .  1  10  233 

Smallpox,  report  of  cases .  86  20  369 

Smeteny : 

defined  .  156  20  385 

adulteration  .  152  20  384 

quality  prescribed .  158  20  386 

Smoke,  discharge  of  dense .  211  20  392 

Smoke  flues:  ( See  Flues.) 

Smoke-houses : 

classified  .  70  5  58 

construction : 

generally  . 71-73  5  58 

specifications  .  399  5  114 

Smokeless  powder :  ( See  Black  Powder,  Blasting  Powder 
and  Smokeless  Powder.) 

defined  .  1  10  235 

Smoke  pipes : 

defined  . 390  5  110 

construction  .  403  5  115 

Smoke  stacks,  construction  of  metal .  394  5  112 

Smoking  cigars,  cigarettes,  etc.,  prohibited : 

hazardous  trades  .  8  10  236 

in  subways  .  216  20  393 

Snapswitches :  ( See  Electrical  Code.) 

Snow  and  ice : 

dumping;  regulated  .  24  22  421 

payment  of  laborers  removing .  71  2  19 

removal  from  roadways  and  crosswalks .  20  22  419 

from  sidewalks  .  21  22  419 

salt  and  saltpeter;  to  remove .  23  22  422 

street  railroads  to  co-operate  in  removal  of .  21  22  419 

sweepers  and  snow-ploughs,  use  by  railroads .  22  22  420 

use  of  ashes,  sand  or  saw-dust .  21  22  419 

Soda  or  mineral  water: 

fountains,  charges  for  water  supply .  21  25  471 

manufacturers,  charge  for  water  supply .  21  25  471 

629 


INDEX. 


Sec. 

Chap. 

Page 

Soda  or  mineral  water — Continued: 

manufacturing,  requirements  and  restrictions . 

165 

20 

387 

utensils  for  dispensing,  care  of . 

145 

20 

382 

Soda  water:  ( See  Gases  Under  Pressure.) 

Soils,  bearing  capacity : 

specified  . . . 

231 

5 

81 

statement  of,  in  plans  for  new  buildings . 

*231 

5 

81 

Soluble  cotton  ( See  Nitro-cellulose  products.) 

defined  . . 

1 

10 

235 

containers  . 

61 

10 

245 

Sore  throat  (epidemic  septic),  report  of  cases . 

86 

20 

369 

Spark  arresters :  (See  Electrical  Code.) 

Special  license:  (Electrical  Control.) 

defined  . 

1 

9 

167 

application  . . 

7 

9 

168 

examination  of  applicant . 

8 

9 

168 

fee  . ; . 

9 

9 

169 

period  . . 

6 

9 

168 

modification,  suspension  or  revocation . 

6 

9 

168 

Special  permit:  (Electrical  Control.) 

issue,  conditions  . 

1 

9 

167 

fee  . 

9 

9 

169 

term  . 

6 

9 

167 

modification,  suspension  or  revocation . 

6 

9 

168 

Special  permit:  (Explosives  and  Hazardous  Trades.) 

issue  . 

25 

10 

238 

fee  . . 

44 

10 

244 

renewal,  revocation  . 

26 

10 

238 

Speed  of  vehicles : 

generally  . 

17 

24 

461 

in  parks  . 

30 

17 

343 

on  bridges  . 

2 

4 

43 

street  cars . • . 

15 

24 

460 

Speedway  (Harlem  river),  regulations . 

38 

17 

345 

Spires,  construction  . . 

475 

5 

120 

Spirits : 

distilling,  rectifying  or  storing : 

permit,  required  . 

250 

10 

284 

fee  . 

43 

10 

242 

restrictions : 

fire  prevention  . . 

253 

10 

285 

place  . . 

251 

10 

284 

quantities  . 

.  ‘  252 

10 

285 

sanitary  . . 

332 

20 

408 

Spitting,  where  prohibited . 

213 

20 

392 

Sprinklered  buildings : 

defined  . . 

150 

5 

69 

exit  facilities  . . 

152 

5 

69 

stairway  allowance  . 

153 

5 

70 

Sprinkling  streets,  by  street  railroads . 

16 

22 

419 

630 


INDEX. 


Sec. 

Chap. 

Page 

Stables : 

classification  . 

70 

5 

58 

construction : 

generally  . . . 

71-73 

5 

58 

details:  ( See  Specific  Subjects,  Building  Code.) 

fire  prevention  requirements  . 

28 

12 

304 

maintenance,  permit  required . 

58 

20. 

367 

water  rates . 

21 

25 

46 

Stair  exit,  defined . 

150 

5 

69 

Stairways : 

construction : 

generally  . 

153 

5 

70 

interior  . 

153 

5 

70 

enclosure  of  . . 

153 

5 

70 

exterior,  construction  . 

154 

5 

72 

in  streets,  restrictions . 

170 

5 

74 

ornamental  . 

153 

5 

70 

recesses  in  walls  for . 

261 

5 

90 

safes  not  to  be  placed  in . 

55 

5 

57 

spaces  under,  to  be  kept  clear . 

153 

5 

70 

Standing  in  aisles  and  passageways : 

buildings  of  a  public  character . 

491 

5 

122 

motion  picture  theatres . 

34 

3 

36 

places  of  amusement . 

9 

3 

32 

theatres  . 

9 

3 

32 

Standpipes  (fire  service),  required . 

581 

5 

137 

Stands,  construction,  generally . 

478 

5 

121 

Stands  within  stoop-lines  and  under  elevated  railway  stair¬ 

cases  : 

licenses,  required  . 

149 

23 

439 

fee  . 

149 

23 

439 

boot-blacking ;  restrictions  . 

149 

23 

440 

conditions  of  licenses . 

149 

23 

439 

consents  of  property  owners . 

149 

23 

439 

construction  . 

149 

23 

440 

dimensions  . 

149 

23 

440 

display  of  licenses . 

149 

23 

440 

licenses  not  transferable . 

149 

23 

440 

merchandise  that  may  be  sold . 

149 

23 

439 

report  to  police  department . 

149 

23 

441 

restrictions  . 

149 

23 

440 

revocation  of  property  owner’s  consent . 

149 

23 

441 

sleeping  in;  prohibited . 

149 

23 

440 

stands  under  “L”  staircases,  special  requirements . 

149 

23 

440 

transfer  of  licenses . 

149 

23 

440 

violations : 

generally  . 

10 

27 

485 

transfer  of  license . 

149 

23 

440 

Statements  respecting  health  matters,  false  or  misleading... 

187 

20 

390 

Stations  and  dynamo  rooms :  ( See  Electrical  Code.) 


631 


INDEX. 


Sec. 

Chap. 

Page 

Steam : 

discharge  into  open  air . 

212 

20 

392 

escape  into  sewers . 

22 

21 

416 

Steam  boilers : 

classified  . 

5 

110 

installation  or  alteration . 

390 

5 

110 

Steamheating,  construction  and  setting  of  appliances.... 

404 

5 

115 

Steam  pipes,  fire  protection . 

404 

5 

115 

Steel  construction,  buildings . 

..  301-313 

5 

93 

Steeple-chase : 

a  common  show . 

60 

3 

40 

construction  and  operation . 

..  560-568 

5 

134 

Steps  or  stoops  (in  streets)  : 

in  park  streets . 

60 

17 

347 

restricted  . 

170 

5 

74 

removal  of  unauthorized . 

168 

23 

445 

violations  . 

23 

445 

Stock  of  city,  included  within  “  city  debt  and  city  stock  ” . 

1 

2 

14 

Stocks  and  bonds  of  the  city: 

defined  . 

1 

2 

14 

assessment  bonds  . 

2 

2 

14 

purchases,  sinking  fund  purposes . 

8 

2 

16 

sinking  for  interest  on . 

5 

2 

15 

sinking  fund  for  redemption  of . 

4 

2 

15 

sinking  funds,  holdings  of . 

8 

2 

16 

Stone:  (See  Building  Materials.) 

Stone  masonry : 

generally  . 

253 

5 

87 

foundations  . 

232 

5 

82 

Stoops:  (See  Steps  and  Stoops.) 

Storage  or  primary  batteries . 

9 

175 

Storage  garage : 

permit,  required  . 

151 

10 

267 

fee  . 

10 

241 

construction  . 

152 

10 

267 

fire  prevention  . 

159 

10 

269 

lighting  . 

158 

10 

269 

oil  separators  . . . 

155 

10 

268 

restrictions  . 

10 

267 

storage  system  . 

156 

10 

269 

supervision  . 

153 

10 

267 

supplying  vehicles  . 

157 

10 

268 

Storage  warehouses : 

.  classification  . 

70 

5 

58 

construction : 

generally  . 

. .  71-73 

5 

58 

details:  (See  Specific  Subject,  Building  Code.) 

theatre-building  restriction  . 

536 

5 

133 

ventilation  . 

131 

5 

67 

632 


INDEX. 


Stores : 

Sec. 

Chap. 

Page 

classification  . 

70 

5 

58 

construction : 

generally  . 

.  71-73 

5 

58 

details:  ( See  Specific  Subject,  Building  Code.) 

exit  facilities  . 

152 

5 

69 

fire  prevention : 

fire  alarm  connection . . 

20 

12 

301 

fire  extinguishing  appliances . . 

20 

12 

301 

protection  of  lights . 

23 

12 

302 

theatre  building  restriction . . 

536 

5 

113 

public  health  requirements  and  restrictions : 

cleanliness,  heating  and  lighting . . 

55 

20 

366 

occupancy,  overcrowding  . . 

56 

20 

366 

spitting  prohibited  in . 

213 

20 

392 

use  of  common  towels,  forbidden . . 

214 

20 

393 

ventilation  . . 

55 

20 

366 

Storm  doors,  construction . . 

150 

23 

428 

Story,  defined  . 

2 

5 

45 

Straw  :  ( See  Combustible  Fiber.) 

Street,  defined  . . 

1 

1 

9 

Streets  cars : 

defined  . 

183 

20 

390 

cleanliness  . 

301 

20 

404 

dirty  clothing  or  bedding  in . 

302 

20 

404 

headlights  . 

10 

19 

352 

heating  . 

304 

20 

404 

licenses  . 

11 

19 

353 

nuisances  in  . 

183 

20 

390 

obstruction,  by  house-moving . 

144 

23 

438 

speed  . 

15 

24 

460 

spitting  in  . 

213 

20 

392 

stopping  places  . 

18 

24 

463 

transfers  . 

12 

19 

353 

vehicles  or  overtaking . 

17 

24 

461 

ventilating  . • . 

303 

20 

404 

violations  . 

34 

19 

354 

Street  cleaning : 

ashes,  garbage,  refuse  or  rubbish : 

defined  . 

1 

20 

355 

depositing  in  streets,  prohibited . 

10 

22 

417 

interference  with  deposits  . 

11 

22 

418 

receptacles  required  for . 

248 

20 

398 

removal  of : 

by  city  . 

248 

20 

398 

by  private  agencies  . 

250 

20 

399 

sifting  or  other  agitation  of  ashes . 

253 

20 

400 

streets  not  to  be  obstructed  by . 

253 

20 

400 

transportation  of  . 

240 

20 

396 

debris  of  street  improvements . 

65 

23 

428 

droppings  from  vehicles  . 

13 

22 

418 

fruit  skins  on  sidewalks . 

12 

22 

418 

633 


INDEX. 


Street  cleaning — Continued: 

Sec. 

Chap. 

Page 

hand-bills,  cards  and  circulars . 

15 

22 

418 

interference  with  street  cleaners  or. . 

10 

22 

417 

method  . 

311 

20 

405 

offensive  matter  . 

14 

22 

418 

protection  of  sewers  and  drains . 

17 

22 

419 

311 

20 

405 

sidewalks,  cleaning . . . 

1 

22 

417 

snow  and  ice  removal : 

sidewalks,  by  property  owners . . 

21 

22 

419 

by  city  . 

1 

22 

417 

streets,  by  city . 

20 

22 

419 

by  street  railways . 

22 

22 

420 

use  of  ashes,  sawdust  and  sand . 

21 

22 

419 

salt  and  saltpeter . 

23 

22 

421 

sprinkling  streets: 

generally  . 

16 

22 

419 

water  supply  . 

40 

25 

472 

sweeping  sidewalks  . 

10 

22 

417 

sweeping,  prohibited  disposition . 

252 

20 

400 

washing  down  streets  . 

42 

25 

472 

Street  fires,  permit  to  make . 

6 

12 

300 

Street  lights : 

lamps  or  fixtures,  breaking  or  interfering  with . 

120 

23 

434 

posts  or  poles,  removal  of . 

121 

23 

434 

violations  . . 

122 

23 

434 

Street  musicians : 

exemptions  . 

171 

14 

331 

hand  organ  grinders : 

license,  required  . 

1 

14 

307 

fee  . 

170 

14 

330 

term  . 

172 

14 

331 

restrictions  . 

170 

14 

330 

itinerant  players : 

license,  required  . 

1 

14 

307 

fee  . 

171 

14 

331 

Street  purposes,  defined  . 

1 

1 

9 

Street  railroads:  ( See  Railroads.) 

Street  shows : 

exhibitions  from  houses  prohibited . 

22 

23 

424 

must  not  use  musical  instruments  to  attract  patronage.. 

136 

23 

435 

Streets : 

advertising  matter : 

distribution  in  . . 

15 

22 

418 

posting  in  . 

10 

23 

424 

animals : 

dead,  sick  or  injured  not  to  be  placed  in . 

8 

20 

359 

assemblies  in : 

American  flag  to  be  displayed  at . 

24 

23 

425 

disorderly  . 

23 

23 

424 

public  worship  . 

20 

23 

424 

street  shows . 

22 

23 

424 

634 


INDEX. 


Streets — Continued: 

auctions  . . . . 

awnings  . 

barriers,  guards  and  lights. . 

bill  posting  . 

boundaries  and  monuments  . . 

building  materials,  placing  in . 

cleaning:  ( See  Street  Cleaning.) 
closing,  temporarily : 

during  constructions  . 

unsafe  building  emergency . . 

construction  and  repairs . . . . 

curbing . ....... . . 

debris  of  construction,  removal . . . 

dead  animals,  fish  or  fowl  in . 

dirt,  depositing  in . 

disturbance  of  surface  of . 

elevated  railroads;  droppings  from . . 

excavations  in  . . 

flower  pots  on  window  ledges . 

fruit-skins  on  sidewalks . 

glass,  china,  other  substances;  casting  on;  removal  of.. 

grade  crossings  . 

gutters,  construction  . 

hospitals  (noise  elimination)  . . 

house  numbering  . 

landmarks,  disturbances  . 

lights  . . . 

loafers  and  loungers  in . . . 

mortar  mixing  on  pavement . . . , 

musicians  . 

noises  . . . 

obstruction,  prohibited  . 

obstructions  and  encumbrances . 

authorization  . 

barber  poles  . . . . 

building  materials  . 

earth,  rocks  and  rubbish . 

house-moving  . . . 

liability  for  damages  due  to . 

offensive  liquids  &nd  substances  in . 

ornamental  lamp-posts  . 

posts  and  poles . 

railroad  trains  . 

removal  of  . 

show-cases  . 

sidewalk  sheds,  building  construction . . 

stairways  and  hoistways . 

stands  within  stoop  lines . . . 

storm  doors  . . 

vehicles  and  merchandise . 

paving  . 

peddlers,  prohibited  on  specified  streets . 

635 


Sec. 

Chap. 

Page 

30 

23 

425 

42-44 

23 

425 

3 

23 

422 

10 

23 

424 

50-52 

23 

426 

313 

20 

405 

1 

23 

422 

638 

5 

142 

60-66 

23 

427 

62 

23 

427 

65 

23 

428 

8 

20 

359 

313 

20 

405 

80-83 

23 

429 

1 

19 

352 

90-98 

23 

429 

250 

23 

455 

12 

22 

418 

253 

23 

455 

32 

19 

354 

63 

23 

427 

131 

23 

434 

110-112 

23 

433 

50-52 

23 

426 

120-122 

23 

434 

23 

23 

424 

142 

23 

436 

170, 171 

14 

330 

130-136 

23 

434 

312 

20 

405 

140-152 

23 

436 

140 

23 

436 

145 

23 

438 

142 

23 

436 

143 

23 

437 

144 

23 

438 

4 

23 

423 

233, 234 

20 

395 

145 

23 

438 

145, 146 

23  ‘ 

438 

33 

19 

354 

151 

23 

441 

147 

23 

438 

141 

23 

436 

148 

23 

439 

149 

23 

439 

150 

23 

441 

152 

23 

442 

60,  61 

23 

427 

13 

24 

458 

INDEX. 


Streets — Continued : 

projections  and  encroachments  upon: 

generally  . 

park  streets  . 

removal  of  unauthorized . 

restricted  .  streets  . 

public  worship  in . 

removal  of  debris  of  building  construction . 

removal  of  obstructions  and  incumbrances : 

generally  . 

merchandise  and  vehicles . 

removal  of  unauthorized  projections  and  encroachments 
replacement  of  pavement  removed  for  sub-surface  con¬ 
structions  . 

restoration  of  pavement,  deposits  to  cover . 

restricted  against  peddlers . 

sales  (salted  meat  and  fish)  in . 

school  . 

sidewalk  bridges  (building  construction) . 

sidewalks : 

abutting  owners’  responsibilities : 

cleaning  . 

construction  and  repair . 

removal  of  earth  and  other  debris . 

snow  and  ice  removal . 

to  city,  reimbursement . 

board  or  plank . 

carriageways  across  . 

construction : 

generally  . 

by  abutting  owner . 

defacement  . 

drains  across  . 

injury  of  . . . 

interference  with  . 

obstruction  of  . 

violations,  punishment  . 

signs  and  show-bills : 

application  of  provisions  : 

generally  . 

exemptions  . 

retro-active  effect  . 

electric  signs : 

authorization  . 

construction  . 

existing : 

authorization  . 

alteration  . 

gas  signs  . 

general  provisions  . 

ground  signs  and  roof  signs . 


Sec. 

Chap. 

Page 

170-174 

5 

74 

60, 63 

17 

347 

168 

23 

445 

160 

23 

444 

20 

23 

424 

65 

23 

428 

151 

23 

441 

152 

23 

442 

168 

23 

445 

96 

23 

431 

91 

23 

430 

13 

24 

458 

31 

23 

425 

132 

23 

435 

141 

23 

436 

10 

22 

417 

181 

23 

446 

143 

23 

437 

21 

22 

419 

1 

22 

417 

183 

23 

447 

184 

23 

447 

180 

23 

446 

181 

23 

446 

187 

23 

447 

182 

23 

446 

187 

23 

447 

186 

23 

447 

188 

23 

448 

189 

23 

448 

210 

23 

448 

219 

23 

452 

220 

23 

452 

215 

23 

450 

583 

9 

227 

211 

23 

449 

218 

23 

452 

215 

23 

450 

210 

23 

448 

211 

23 

449 

636 


INDEX . 


Streets — Continued: 

signs  and  show-bills — Continued: 

ground  signs,  special  provisions . 

illuminated  signs  . 

inspection  of  . 

public,  protection  of . . 

restrictions,  Fifth  avenue  (Manhattan) . 

roof  signs  . 

unlawful  . . 

unsafe  . 

wall  signs  . 

violations,  punishment  . 

tanbark,  use  allowable  in . 

throwing  stones  or  missiles  in...' . 

traffic  regulations :  ( See  Traffic  Regulations.) 

trees  and  shrubs  in . 

unsafe  conditions,  precautions . 

vaults  and  cisterns . 

width  (Brooklyn)  . 

Street  signs,  protection  of . 

Striking  machine,  a  common  show . 

Strong’s  causeway  bridge  (Queens),  location . 

Studded  off  spaces,  in  walls . 

Studio  buildings : 

classification  . 

construction : 

generally  . 

details:  ( See  Specific  Subjects,  Building  Code.) 

exit  facilities  . 

Stud  partitions,  construction  . 

Structural  steel:  ( See  Iron  and  Steel  Construction.) 
Sub-bases :  (See  Electrical  Code.) 

Suburban  fire  limits . 

Subways:  ( See  Railroads.) 

explosives  must  not  be  carried . 

smoking  in  cars  or  on  stations . 

spitting, . 

Sugar  refineries:  ( See  Factories.) 

Summer  pieces,  installation . 

Sunday,  observance  . 

Sun  parlors,  construction . 

Superintendent  of  buildings : 
jurisdiction : 

generally  . 

building  plans  and  specifications  . 

construction,  alteration  and  demolition  of  buildings : 

(See  Specific  Subjects,  Building  Code.) 

emergent  . . 

unsafe  buildings  . . 

violations  of  Building  Code . 

right  of  entry  to  buildings  . . 


Sec. 

Chap. 

Page 

212 

23 

449 

215 

23 

450 

221 

23 

452 

222 

23 

452 

215 

23 

451 

213 

23 

450 

217 

23 

452 

216 

23 

451 

214 

23 

450 

223 

23 

452 

252 

23 

455 

251 

23 

455 

70 

17 

348 

2 

23 

422 

240-244 

23 

453 

64 

23 

428 

222 

23 

452 

60 

3 

40 

1 

4 

43 

284 

5 

92 

70 

5 

58 

71-73 

5 

58 

152 

5 

69 

283 

5 

92 

91 

5 

64 

61 

10 

245 

216 

20 

393 

213 

20 

392 

393 

5 

112 

10 

3 

33 

426 

5 

117 

3 

5 

46 

3 

5 

46 

651 

5 

144 

630-639 

5 

140 

650 

5 

143 

10 

5 

49 

637 


INDEX. 


Supervisor  of  City  Record: 

Sec. 

Chap. 

Page 

bond  . 

2 

28 

bond  of  deputy . 

2 

28 

Survey  of  unsafe  buildings . 

5 

140 

Surveyors,  city : 

appointment  . . .. 

2 

26 

examination  . 

2 

26 

examiners  . 

.  240 

2 

26 

Swill:  ( See  Garbage.) 

boiling  or  other  treatment  of . 

.  324 

20 

406 

Swine : 

contagiously  diseased,  keeping  or  importing _ 

.  4 

20 

358 

impounding  stray  . . 

.  2 

27 

482 

keeping,  regulated . . 

.  11 

20 

359 

slaughtering : 

permit  required . 

.  325 

20 

407 

restricted  in  Manhattan  . 

.  326 

20 

407 

yarding,  regulated  . 

11 

.20 

359 

Switchback  railroad : 

a  common  show . 

.  60 

3 

40 

construction  and  operation  . 

.  560-568 

5 

134 

Switchboards  :  ( See  Electrical  Code.) 

Switch  boxes :  ( See  Electrical  Code.) 

Switches :  ( See  Electrical  Code.) 

Systems:  ( See  Electrical  Code.) 

Syphilis,  reports  of  cases;  to  be  confidential . 

88 

20 

370 

T. 

Tanbark,  use  in  streets . 

.  252 

23 

455 

Tanks,  on  roofs  . 

.  428 

5 

118 

Tanning  and  leather  dressing . 

.  328 

20 

407 

Tar,  manufacturing  . 

.  332 

20 

408 

Taxes  and  assessments : 

apportionment  . 

.  266 

2 

28 

fees  for  bills  and  searchers . . 

.  '  265 

2 

28 

Taxicabs:  ( See  Hacks,  Cabs,  Taxicabs  and  Sight 

Seeing 

Cars.) 

# 

Teachers  in  schools,  tuberculosis  restriction . 

.  95 

20 

372 

Technical  establishments: 

defined  . 

.  1 

10 

235 

permit  to  operate  . 

.  260 

10 

285 

fee  . 

.  43 

10 

243 

restrictions  . 

.  262 

10 

286 

supervision  . 

.  261 

10 

286 

Telegraph  apparatus,  wireless  . 

.  686 

9 

230 

Telling  fortunes  in  parks . 

.  17 

17 

342 

Templates,  specification  . . 

.  309 

5 

95 

Temporary  buildings  or  structures,  construction  of... 

.  478 

5 

121 

Temporary  supports,  construction  . 

.  50 

5 

53 

Tenement  house: 

classification  . 

.  70 

5 

58 

638 


INDEX . 


Sec. 

Chap. 

Page 

Tenement  house — Continued : 

construction : 

generally  . 

71-73 

5 

58 

details  ( See  Special  Subject,  Building  Code.) 

fire-alarm  connection . 

20 

12 

301 

fire-extinguishing  appliances  . 

20 

12 

301 

hazardous  trades  and  explosives  restrictions :  ( See  Spe- 

cific  Subject) 

industries,  tubercularly  diseased  workers . 

99 

20 

372 

spitting  prohibited  in . 

213 

20 

392 

Tense,  present  includes  future  . 

2 

5 

45 

Tents : 

defined  . 

183 

20 

390 

living  or  sleeping  in . . 

217 

20 

393 

nuisances  in  oir  about . 

183 

20 

390 

Terminal  blocks  ;  generators  or  motors  :  ( See  Electrical  Code.) 

Terra-cotta  blocks: 

specifications  . . 

29 

5 

52 

working  stresses . 

51 

5. 

53 

Testing,  grounds  and  insulating  resistances:  (Electrical 

Code.) 

Tetanus,  reports  of  cases . 

86 

20 

369 

Theatres : 

defined  . 

1 

20 

355 

classification  . . 

70 

5 

58 

construction : 

generally  . 

71-73 

5 

58 

application  of  provisions . 

520 

5 

126 

approval  of  buildings . 

521 

5 

126 

auditorium  walls  . 

522 

5 

126 

ceilings  and  ceiling  coverings . 

534 

5 

133 

cupboards  . 

534 

5 

133 

dressing  rooms  . 

523 

.  5 

126 

electrical  wiring  and  appliances . 

438 

9 

195 

exits  and  exit  signs . 

527 

5 

128 

fire  curtain  . 

530 

5 

131 

fire  escapes  . . . . . 

527 

5 

128 

fire  extinguishing  appliances . 

524 

5 

127 

gallery  fronts  . 

534 

5 

133 

gradients  . 

527 

5 

128 

heating  plant  . 

525 

5 

127 

lathing  . 

534 

5 

133 

lights  . 

526 

5 

127 

means  of  egress . 

527 

5 

123 

partitions  . 

528 

5 

131 

property  room . 

535 

5 

133 

proscenium  . 

529 

5 

131 

protective  curtain  . 

530 

5 

131 

roof  garden  restriction . 

536 

5 

133 

roof  of  auditorium  . . 

531 

5 

132 

seats  . 

532 

5 

132 

639 


INDEX. 


Theatres — Continued: 

construction — Continued: 

shelving  . 

stage  and  scenery  . 

stage  skylight  . 

stairways  . 

storage  rooms  . 

stores  on  street  floor . 

walls  . 

diagram  of  exits  on  programmes . 

exit  signs  . 

explosives  and  hazardous  trades’  restrictions :  ( See  Spe¬ 
cific  Subject.) 

fire  alarm  connection . . 

firearms,  use  of  blank  cartridges . 

fire  commissioner’s  jurisdiction . 

fire-extinguishing  equipment  . . . 

firemen  at  performances  . 

ladder  from  boiler-room . 

lavatories,  use  of  common  towels . 

licenses : 

all  theatres  must  have . 

fees  . 

commutation  . 

disposition  . 

issue  . 

revocation  . 

non-professional  performances  . 

non-theatrical  use  or  occupancy  of  building . 

obstruction  of  aisles  and  passageways . 

sale  of  liquor  in . 

spitting  prohibited  . 

“  standees  ”  . . . 

Sunday  performances  . 

ticket  speculators  . 

unlicensed,  may  be  enjoined . 

women  waiters  in,  prohibited . 

Third  avenue  bridge  (Brooklyn),  location . . 

Third  avenue  bridge  (Harlem),  location . 

Third  avenue  market,  location  . 

Third  street  bridge  (Brooklyn),  location . 

Throwing  stones  or  other  missiles : 

in  parks  . . . 

in  streets . .* . 

Ticket  speculators,  restricted . 

Tie-rods,  specification  and  use . 

Tie  wires:  ( See  Electrical  Code.) 

Tile  construction : 

floors  . 

furring  . 


Sec. 

Chap. 

Page 

534 

5 

133 

533 

5 

132 

533 

5 

132 

527 

5 

128 

535 

5 

133 

536 

5 

133 

528 

5 

131 

527 

5 

128 

527 

5 

128 

20 

12 

301 

81 

10 

253 

537 

5 

134 

20 

12 

301 

8 

3 

32 

152 

5 

69 

214 

20 

393 

1 

3 

30 

2 

3 

30 

3 

3 

30 

4 

3 

31 

2 

3 

30 

4 

3 

31 

6 

3 

31 

536 

5 

133 

9 

3 

32 

11 

3 

34 

213 

20 

392 

9 

3 

32 

10 

3 

33 

12 

3 

34 

5 

3 

31 

11 

3 

34 

1 

4 

43 

1 

4 

42 

28 

15 

335 

1 

4 

43 

17 

17 

342 

251 

23 

455 

12 

3 

34 

308 

5 

95 

354 

5 

101 

262 

5 

90 

640 


INDEX. 


Timber:  Sec.  Chap.  Page 

specifications  .  31  5  53 

weights  .  21  5  50 

working  stresses  .  21  5  50 

in  walls  .  51  5  53 

Timing  wire:  ( See  Electrical  Code.) 

Tobacco  stores,  restrictions  as  to  explosives  and  hazardous  251  5  85 

trades  :  ( See  Specific  Subject.) 

Toilet  preparations,  sale  and  distribution.. .  128  20  378 

Tombs  (burial)  ;  constructing,  use,  disturbing .  45  20  364 

Torpedoes  ( See  Fireworks),  manufacture  of  railroad  track.  90  10  254 

Towels,  use  of  common .  214  20  393 

Tower  fire-escapes:  ( See  Fire  Towers.) 

Towers  of  buildings,  construction  of  wooden .  475  5  120 

Toy  pistols,  sale  or  use .  3  11  296 

Trachoma,  reports  of  cases . . .  86  20  369 

Trade  wagons : 

are  not  “advertising  wagons” .  30  24  464 

park  restrictions . .  33  17  344 

park  street  restrictions  .  37  17  335 

street  obstruction  by .  40  24  466 

Traffic  regulations :  ( See  also  Parks,  Park  Streets  and  Park¬ 
ways.) 

definitions  . 1  24  456 

advertising  vehicles  .  30  24  464 

bicycles  . 31  24  464 

cattle,  sheep  and  swine .  32  24  464 

city  owned  automobiles .  33  24  464 

curb,  defined  . 1  24  456 

drivers,  age  limit .  10  24  456 

driving  (rules  of  the  road) .  11  24  456 

automobile  stop  signal .  11  24  457 

crossing  streets  .  11  24  457 

keeping  to  right .  11  24  456 

meeting  .  11  24  456 

obstructing  traffic  .  11  24  458 

overloading  team  .  11  24  458 

overtaking  .  11  24  456 

slowing  up  .  11  24  457 

slowing-up  signal  .  11  24  457 

slow-moving  vehicles  .  11  24  457 

standing  at  curb .  11  24  458 

starting  .  11  24  456 

stopping  .  11  24  457 

stopping  signal  .  11  24  457 

stop  signal  to  motor  cars .  11  24  457 

turning : 

to  right,  into  another  street .  11  24  457 

to  left,  into  another  street .  11  24  457 

enforcement  .  42  24  467 

Eastchester  bay  shore  road  restrictions .  40  17  346 

Grand  boulevard  and  concourse,  Bronx;  restrictions...  37a  24  465 

641 


INDEX. 


Traffic  regulation:  ( See  also  Parks,  Park  Streets  and  Park¬ 
ways.) — Continued: 

horse  racing  in  streets . 

horses,  care  of . , . 

ice  wagons,  projecting  scales . 

lights  . 

motor  vehicle  mufflers . 

obstruction  of  traffic : 

Broadway  . . 

Fifth  avenue  . 

generally  . . . . . 

Park  Row  . 

street  intersections  . 

streets  used  by  surface  cars . 

Ocean  parkway,  restrictions . 

omnibuses,  stopping  places . 

park  regulations  . 

peddlers,  venders  and  hawkers : 

standing  in  streets . 

streets  restricted  against . 

police  to  enforce . 

processions  and  parades . 

racing  in  streets . 

reasonable  care  required . 

riding  on  back  of  vehicles . 

right  of  way . ........ 

roadway,  defined  . 

sidewalks : 

driving  across  . 

obstructing  . 

skids,  use  of  . 

sleighs,  bells  required . 

speed  of  vehicles : 

general  provisions  . 

approaching  bridges  . 

meeting  street  cars . 

on  bridges  . 

on  congested  streets . 

overtaking  street  cars . 

passing  public  schools . 

turning  corners  . 

unrestricted  vehicles  . 

street  cars: 

right  of  way . 

speed  . 

stopping  places  . 

trades  wagons,  are  not  advertising  wagons . 

vehicle  defined  . 

Training  schools,  infectious  diseases  in : 

patients  to  be  isolated . 

reports  of  cases . 


Sec. 

Chap. 

Page 

34 

24 

465 

11 

24 

458 

35 

24 

465 

12 

24 

458 

36 

24 

465 

16 

24 

461 

16 

24 

461 

11 

24 

456 

16 

24 

461 

16 

24 

461 

16 

24 

461 

37 

24 

465 

18 

24 

463 

30-43 

17 

343 

13 

24 

458 

13 

24 

458 

42 

24 

467 

38 

24 

465 

34 

24 

465 

41 

24 

466 

14 

24 

460 

15 

24 

460 

1 

24 

456 

188 

23 

448 

188 

23 

448 

188 

23 

448 

39 

24 

466 

17 

24 

461 

17 

24 

462 

17 

24 

461 

2 

4 

43 

17 

24 

462 

17 

24 

461 

17 

24 

462 

17 

24 

461 

17 

24 

462 

15 

24 

460 

15 

24 

40 

18 

24 

463 

30 

24 

461 

1 

24 

• 

456 

89 

20 

370 

86 

20 

369 

642 


INDEX. 


Transformers:  ( See  Electrical  Code.) 

Transformer  stations:  ( See  Electrical  Code.) 

Trapdoors  in  shafts,  safeguards. . . . .  ^ ; 

Trees  and  shrubs  (in  street),  care  of.... . 

Trichinosis,  reports  of  cases . 

Trimmer  arches,  construction . . 

Trolley  circuits,  light  and  power  from:  (I See  Electrical  Code.) 

Trolley  stops  . . 

Trucking  (heavy  vehicles)  in  parks . 

Trunk  line  railroads:  ( See  Railroads.) 

Trusses,  iron  or  steel . 

Tuberculin  test,  cows . 

Tubes  and  bushings :  ( See  Electrical  Code.) 

Tubing,  flexible:  ( See  Electrical  Code.) 

Tunnels:  ( See  Subways.) 

Turpentine,  manufacture  . 

Turrets  on  buildings,  construction  of  wooden . 

Typhoid  fever,  reports  of  cases . 


Sec. 

Chap. 

Page 

374 

5 

108 

70 

17 

348 

86 

20 

369 

393 

5 

112 

18 

24 

463 

35 

17 

344 

305 

5 

94 

13 

20 

360 

332 

20 

408 

475 

5 

120 

86 

20 

369 

u. 

Underground  flues  . 

Undertakers : 

burial  permits  must  be  required  by . 

registration  with  health  department . 

report  of  burials . 

Undeveloped  sections  of  city : 

building  code,  application  in . 

building  construction  in . 

Unionport  bridge  (Bronx),  location . 

Union  square  market,  location . 

Union  street  bridge  (Brooklyn),  location . 

United  States  : 

army,  parade  exemption . 

buildings,  exempt  from  local  electrical  control . 

mail  wagons,  right  of  way . 

municipal  explosives  regulations  do  not  apply  to  officers 

or  vessels  of  . 

navy,  exemption  as  to  parades . 

University  heights  bridge  (Harlem  river),  location . 

Unsafe  buildings : 
abatement  of : 

generally  . 

voluntary,  by  owner . 

emergency  fund  for  public  protection . n . 

emergence  measures  in  cases  of . 

fire  commissioner  to  aid  in  securing . 


396 

5 

113 

43 

20 

364 

43 

20 

364 

44 

20 

364 

1 

5 

49 

91 

5 

64 

1 

4 

42 

29 

15 

335 

1 

4 

43 

38 

24 

466 

3 

9 

167 

15 

24 

460 

3 

10 

236 

38 

24 

466 

1 

4 

42 

630 

5 

140 

632 

5 

140 

639 

5 

143 

638 

5 

142 

651 

5 

144 

638 

5 

142 

643 


INDEX. 


Sec.  Chap.  Page 

Unsafe  buildings — Continued: 

notice  to  owner  or  occupant : 

issue  . 631  5  140 

disregard  of  .  633  5  140 

precept  to  abate: 

issue  .  634  5  141 

expense  of  executing .  636  5  142 

return  . . . . .  637  5  142 

reimbursement  of  city  for  executing .  637  5  142 

record  of  .  631  5  140 

removal  or  repair : 

generally  .  630  5  140 

judicial  order,  procedure : 

lis  pendens  . 637  5  142 

precept  .  635  5  141 

provision  for  enforcing . . .  636  5  142 

reimbursement  of  city .  637  5  142 

survey  proceedings : 

notice  .  633  5  140 

posting  report  .  633  5  140 

review  by  court .  634  5  141 

surveyors’  compensation  .  633  5  140 

voluntary,  by  owner .  632  5  140 

vacating,  procedure  .  638  5  142 

Unsafe  signs,  repair  or  removal .  216  23  451 

Unsprinklered  buildings,  defined .  150  5  69 

V. 

Vacant  lots: 

cleaning  up,  required .  251  20  399 

dead  animals  not  to  be  used  to  fill  in .  252  20  400 

fences  required  for  sunken . 251  20  399 

filling  in,  regulated .  252  20  399 

nuisances  on,  abatement .  53  20  400 

offensive  substances  must  not  be  cast  upon .  251  20  399 

street  sweepings  not  to  be  deposited  upon .  25 2  20  400 

water  must  not  accumulate  upon .  251  20  399 

Vacations,  city  employees . 2  16  338 

Vaccination  of  children  and  other  wards .  199  20  391 

Vaccine : 

free  distribution  of .  121  20  376 

requirements  concerning  .  116  20  374 

Vapor  lamps:  ( See  Electrical  Code.) 

Vapor-proof  globes  for  incandescent  lamps :  ( See  Elec¬ 

trical  Code.) 

Vapors,  piping  regulations . 600  5  137 

Variable  or  live  load,  defined .  53  5  56 

Varicella,  reports  of  cases .  86  20  369 

Varnish :  ( See  Paints,  Varnishes  and  Lacquers.) 

manufacturing,  restrictions  .  199  20  391 

332  20  408 


644 


INDEX. 


Sec. 

Chap. 

Page 

Vats,  installation  or  alteration . 

.  391 

5 

110 

Vaults  (burial)  : 

establishing,  permit  required . ' . 

.  45 

20 

364 

interments  in  . 

20 

364 

opening,  exposing  or  disturbing . 

.  45 

20 

364 

Vaults  (explosives  and  hazardous  trades),  defined . 

.  1 

10 

235 

Vaults  (sidewalk)  : 

defined  . 

.  240 

23 

453 

borough  presidents’  control . 

.  240 

23 

453 

compensation  for  privilege . 

.....  240 

23 

453 

construction  . 

.  170 

5 

74 

241 

23 

454 

encroaching  . 

240 

23 

453 

limitation  . 

240 

23 

453 

protection  of  openings  in . . 

242 

23 

454 

safeguarding  covers  . 

243 

23 

454 

violations,  punishment  . 

244 

23 

454 

Vegetables : 

defined  . 

1 

20 

355 

inspection  . 

136 

20 

379 

"  not  sound  ”  : 

defined  . 

163 

20 

386 

condemnation  . . 

137 

20 

379 

possession,  presumption . . 

163 

20 

386 

sale,  prohibited  . 

138 

20 

380 

throwing  into  street,  forbidden . 

10 

22 

417 

Vehicles:  (See  Traffic  Regulations.) 

defined  . 

.....  1 

24 

456 

advertising  . . . 

.  30 

24 

464 

ambulances,  right  of  way . 

_  15 

24 

460 

speed  exemption . 

17 

24 

462 

automobiles :  (See  Motor  Vehicles.) 

bicycles  . 

.  31 

24 

464 

bureau  of  buildings,  right  of  way . 

.  17 

24 

460 

speed  exemption  . 

.  17 

24 

462 

carrying  offensive  liquids  or  materials : 

permit  required  . 

.  239-241 

20 

396 

use  and  care  of . 

.  244 

20 

397 

congested  street  restrictions . 

17 

24 

462 

contents  must  not  spill  upon  streets . 

13 

22 

418 

crossing  streets  . . . 

.  11 

24 

457 

dirt  carts  . 

....  50,51 

14 

312 

drivers,  age  . 

10 

24 

456 

driving  over  fire  hose...' . 

3 

12 

299 

explosive  carrying  . 

65 

10 

248 

expresses  . 

.  60-64 

14 

313 

fire  department,  right  of  way . 

15 

24 

460 

speed  exemption  . 

17 

24 

462 

hacks,  cabs,  taxicabs,  etc . 

....  80-109 

14 

315 

hospital  street  restrictions . 

_  131 

23 

434 

ice-wagons,  projecting  scales . 

35 

24 

465 

645 


INDEX. , 


Vehicles:  ( See  Traffic  Regulations.) — Continued: 

insurance  patrol,  right  of  way . 

speed  exemption  . . . . . 

junk-dealers  . . . . 

keeping  to  right . . 

licensed,  marking  . 

lights  . 

Sec. 

Chap. 

24 

24 

14 

24 

14 

Page 

460 

462 

323 

456 

309 

mail-carrying,  right  of  way... . 

24 

460 

meeting  other  . 

24 

456 

motor:  ( See  Motor  Vehicles.) 
obstructing  sidewalks  . 

23 

448 

312 

20 

405 

obstructing  streets,  removal  and  disposition . . 

152 

23 

442 

overtaking  other  vehicles . . . . . 

24 

456 

overtaking  street  cars . . . . . . 

24 

456 

park  restrictions : 

bicycles  . 

17 

346 

fire  apparatus  . 

17 

344 

hacks,  cabs  and  taxicabs . 

34 

17 

344 

in  tow  . 

17 

344 

obstructing  assemblies  . 

17 

344 

offensive  matter  carriers . 

17 

345 

public  carriers  . . . 

17 

345 

trades  wagons  . 

37 

17 

345 

peddlers’,  requirements  and  restrictions  affecting. . . . 

13 

24 

458 

physicians,  right  of  way . 

15 

24 

460 

police  department: 

right  of  way . . . 

15 

24 

460 

speed  exemption  . 

17 

24 

462 

public  carts  . 

...  140-144 

14 

327 

public  service  emergency : 

right  of  way . . . 

15 

24 

460 

speed  exemption  . 

17 

24 

462 

right  of  way . 

15 

24 

460 

rules  of  road  . 

. . .  10-18 

24 

456 

school  street  restriction . . . . 

132 

23 

435 

slowing  up  signal . . . 

11 

24 

457 

slow  moving  . 

11 

24 

457 

speed  regulations  . . 

17 

24 

461 

stopping  . 

11 

24 

457 

stopping  signal  . 

24 

457 

stop  signal  to  motor  vehicles . . 

11 

24 

457 

towing,  in  parks . 

32 

17 

344 

trades,  use  of  park  streets . . 

37 

17 

345 

turning  . 

11 

24 

457 

washing  in  streets . 

43 

25 

472 

Venders:  ( See  Peddlers,  Hawkers  and  Venders.) 
Venereal  diseases,  reports  of  cases . 

88 

20 

370 

Vent  flues,  construction . 

401 

5 

114 

646 


INDEX . 


Sec. 

Chap. 

Page 

Ventilation: 

bathrooms  . . 

133 

5' 

68 

business  buildings  . . . 

131 

5 

67 

plumbing  and  sewers. ,  ,. , , , . 

282 

20 

402 

public  buildings  . 

132 

5 

67 

residence  buildings  . 

130 

5 

67 

vent  pipes,  construction  above  roof . 

.  281 

20 

402 

water  closets  . 

5 

AO 

workrooms,  artificial  . 

339 

20 

Oo 

409 

Vent  shafts  : 

defined  . 

370- 

5 

105 

generally  . . 

.  373 

5 

106 

Vernon  avenue  bridge  (Newtown  creek),  location . . 

1 

4 

43 

Vessels : 

abandoned,  removal  of . , . . . . . 

,  .  120 

8 

165 

ashes  and  refuse,  removal  from . 

123 

8 

165 

berthing  fees  . . . . 

88 

8 

164 

births  on,  reports . 

357 

20 

412 

boiler  inspection,  small . 

1 

18 

351 

canal  boats,  territory,  wharfage  fees.. . 

13 

8 

155 

cargoes,  discharge  and  storage: 

generally  . . . . . . . . V . 

..  60-64 

’  8 

161 

hides  or  skins . 

359 

20 

412 

sanitary  requirements  . 

358 

20 

412 

carrying  offensive  materials,  docking . . . 

245 

20 

397 

cinders,  dust,  steam  or  odors,  from. . . . 

212 

20 

392 

deaths  aboard,  reports . 

357 

20 

412 

docks  and  piers,  apportionment : 

barges  . . 

14 

8 

155 

canal  boats  . 

13 

8 

155 

city  purposes  . . 

10 

8 

154 

garden  produce  . 

14 

8 

155 

lighters  . . . . . . . . 

14 

8 

155 

oyster  trade  . 

15 

8 

155 

explosives,  carrying  . 

65 

10 

248 

fires  on,  jurisdiction . . . . . 

1 

12 

298 

garbage  boats,  restricted . , . 

238 

20 

396 

immigrants’  bedding,  etc.,  disinfection . . . 

359 

20 

412 

infectious  diseases  on  board : 

landing  patients  prohibited . 

354 

20 

411 

officers  to  report  . 

.  351  353 

20 

411 

quarantine  regulation  . . . 

352 

20 

400 

removal  of  infected  person  or  articles . 

355 

20 

412 

intruding  into  canal  boat  territory . .'. 

17 

8 

156 

jurisdiction  of  dockmasters  over . 

16 

8 

156 

lying  at  ends  of  piers. . . . 

121 

8 

165 

marriages  aboard,  reports  of . 

357 

20 

412 

masters  disobeying  orders  of  dock  commissioner . 

18 

8 

156 

smoke  emission  . . . . .  . . 

211 

20 

392 

spark  arresters,  to  be  equipped  with . 

30a 

12 

304 

straw,  bedding,  etc.,  not  to  be  cast  overboard . . . 

356 

20 

412 

647 


INDEX. 


Sec. 

Chap. 

Page 

Vessels — Continued: 

water  supply  to,  rates . . . . 

25 

471 

wharfage  rates  . 

8 

163 

Veterinarians,  to  report  contagious  disease  cases . 

2 

20 

358 

Violations  of  code:  ( See  Specific  Subjects.) 

punishment,  when  not  otherwise  specified . 

10 

27 

485 

Volatile  inflammable  oils : 

defined  . 

10 

235 

storage,  sale  or  delivery: 

permit,  required  . 

110 

10 

259 

fee  . 

10 

243 

prevention  of  fire . 

10 

262 

report  of  sales . 

114 

10 

261 

requirements,  containers  . 

114 

10 

261 

rural  deliveries  . 

10 

261 

sewers  to  be  safeguarded  against . 

21 

21 

416 

Volt  meters,  switchboard:  ( See  Electrical  Code.) 

Wainscoting,  frame  buildings . 

w. 

.  294 

5 

92 

Wallabout  market: 

location  of  . 

15 

335 

leases  in  . 

.  30 

15 

335 

sale  of  liquor  in . 

.  30 

15 

335 

Walls : 


construction  of  building: 


generally  . . 

.  250-262 

5 

85 

foundation  . 

236 

5 

87 

frame,  outside  fire  limits . 

473 

5 

120 

481 

5 

122 

height  . 

2 

5 

45 

retaining : 

250 

5 

85 

excavation  supports  . . 

230 

5 

81 

237 

5 

85 

lot  regulation . 

211 

5 

79 

safeguarding,  adjoining  building  construction . 

230 

5 

81 

weight,  computing  . . . 

Warehouses : 

50 

5 

53 

classification  . 

construction : 

70 

5 

58 

generally  . 

details:  ( See  Specific  Subjects,  Building  Code.) 

.  71-73 

5 

58 

exit  facilities  . 

152 

5 

69 

fire  alarm  connection  . 

20 

12 

301 

fire-extinguishing  appliances  . 

20 

12 

301 

Washington  avenue  bridge  (Brooklyn),  location . 

1 

4 

43 

Washington  bridge  (Harlem  river),  location . 

1 

4 

42 

Washington  market,  location . 

31 

15 

336 

648 


INDEX . 


Sec. 

Chap. 

Page 

Waste  (oily),  care  of:  ( See  Electrical  Code.) 

Waste  material  (of  city),  sales  of  . 

11 

1 

13 

Watchman,  required  in  hotels,  lodging  houses,  asylums  and 

hospitals  . 

21 

12 

301 

Water-boats,  rate  for  public  water  supply . 

21 

25 

471 

Water  closets: 

adequacy  and  maintenance . 

284 

20 

403 

plumbing : 

construction  . . 

279 

20 

402 

separate  traps  . 

278 

20 

402 

vent  pipes  . 

281 

20 

402 

sleeping  in,  prohibited . 

62 

20 

367 

ventilation  of  . 

133 

5 

68 

Water-front  property :  ( See  Docks,  Ferries  and  Harbor  Con- 

trol),  defined  . 

1 

1 

9 

Watering  troughs,  maintenance  and  use . 

44 

25 

472 

Water  meters  :  ( See  Water  Supply.) 

Water  pipes,  installation  in  buildings . 

600 

5 

137 

Waterproof  construction;  electrical:  ( See  Electrical  Code.) 

Waterproofing  (building  construction) . 

443 

5 

119 

Waterproof  pendants;  electrical:  ( See  Electrical  Code.) 

Water  register: 

bond  of  . . . 

270 

2 

29 

report  of  receipts  . 

25 

25 

471 

Water  rents  and  charges:  ( See  Water  Supply.) 

Water  supply: 

controlled  by  commissioner  of  water  supply,  gas  and 

electricity  . 

1-44 

25 

468 

connections  to  mains : 

authorization  . 

6 

25 

468 

charges  . 

24 

25 

471 

discontinuance  . 

23 

25 

471 

drinking  hydrants,  protection . 

169 

20 

388 

emergency  repairs  to  system . 

1 

25 

468 

hydrants : 

interference  with  or  obstruction  of . 

4 

12 

468 

use  . 

5 

25 

468 

using  for  private  traffic  in  water . 

41 

25 

471 

obstruction  of  stop-cocks . 

4 

25 

468 

pollution  or  interference  with . 

2 

25 

468 

private  traffic  in . 

41 

25 

471 

public  wells  . . . 

7 

25 

469 

purity,  protection  . 

166, 167 

20 

387 

rents  and  charges : 

frontage  . 

20 

25 

469 

meter  . . . . 

22 

25 

471 

special  uses,  schedule  . 

21 

25 

469 

nonpayment  . 

23 

25 

471 

report  of  receipts  . . . 

25 

25 

471 

searches  for,  fees  . . . 

265 

2 

28 

649 


INDEX. 

Sec.  Chap.  Page 

Water  supply — Continued: 
use : 

private  traffic  .  41  25  472 

street  cleaning .  40  25  472 

washing  down  from  house  connection .  42  25  472 

washing  vehicles .  43  25  472 

watering  horses  .  44  25  472 

violations  . . . . . . . ......... _  8  25  469 

water  register,  report  of  receipts .  25  25  471 

wells,  use  restricted... . 168  20  387 

Water  supply,  gas  and  electricity,  department  of,  jurisdic¬ 
tion  : 

electrical  control : 

generally  .  . .  9  166 

motion  picture  operators . 43  3  39 

motion  picture  theatres . . 33  3  36 

438  9  195 

signs  . 211  23  449 

583  9  227 

theatres  .  438  9  195 

street  lighting  . 120-122  23  434 

water  supply  .  1-44  25  4 6& 

Water  tanks  on  roofs : 
construction : 

generally  . 428  5  118 

on  small  or  suburban  buildings .  420  5  118 

maintenance  .  61  20  367 

Weather,  protection  of  adjoining  buildings  from  inclement..  197  5  78 

Weather  conditions,  in  respect  of  building  construction....  251  5  85 

Weights  (building  construction),  materials .  21  5  50 

Weights  and  measures: 
bureau  (mayor’s)  : 

organization  .  1  26  474 

bonds  of  officers .  270  2  28 

jurisdiction  . 3  26  474 

officers  must  not  trade  in .  2  26  474 

certificate  of  inspection .  20  26  477 

commodity  requirements : 

bread  .  30  26  477 

coal : 

bags  and  baskets,  weight  of  contents .  31  26  479 

bills  of  lading,  penalty  for  altering .  31  26  479 

cargo,  delivery  of . .  31  26  478 

delivery  tickets  . .  31  26  478 

fraudulent  weighing,  penalty  for .  31  26  479 

memorandum  book,  owner  of  scales  to  keep. ...  31  26  479 

reweighing,  purchaser’s  right .  31  26  479 

reweighing,  refusal,  penalty  for .  31  26  479 

scales,  designation  of .  31  26  478 

scales,  owner  of  to  give  bond .  31  26  478 

to  be  sold  by  weight.- .  31  26  478 


650 


INDEX. 


Weights  and  measures — Continued: 

commodity  requirements — Contined: 

firewood  . 

food  or  drink . . 

ice  . . . 

poultry  . 

conformity  with  standards . 

false  or  fraudulent : 

confiscation  of  appliance . 

defrauding  by  . 

inaccurate,  repair  . 

use  . 

inspection,  generally . . 

right  of  . . 

inspectors,  duties  . 

interference  with  _ _ . _ _ _ _ _ 

reports  . . . ... . . . 

return  of  testing  appliances . . . 

measures,  manufacturers’  tests _ ..... _ _ _ _ 

use  of  untested _ _ _ _ .... - ..... _ ......... 

selling  . . . . . ......  ........... 

testing,  sealing  and  marking,  required . . 

subsequent  alteration  . . . . . 

untested,  not  to  be  used... _ _ ... 

use,  regulated  . . 

violations  . . . 

Well  holes  in  buildings,  to  be  safeguarded . 

Wells : 

public,  restricted . 

use  of  water  from  private . . 

Westchester  avenue  bridge  (Bronx),  location . 

West  End  avenue  (Manhattan),  restricted  against  trades 

wagons  . 

West  Washington  market,  location . 

Wharfage:  ( See  Docks,  Ferries  and  Harbor  Control.) 
Wharf,  wharf  property,  included  in  “  waterfront  ”  prop¬ 
erty  . . . 

Wheelwright  shops:  ( See  Factories.) 

White  phosphorus,  use  in  matches  prohibited . 

Wholesale  drug  stores : 

defined  . 

classification  . 

special  permit,  required . 

fee  . . 

construction  of  building: 

generally  . . 

laboratory  . 

passageways  . . . 

fire  prevention . . 

laboratory,  construction  and  equipment . 

light  and  power  requirements . . 


Sec. 

Chap. 

Page 

32 

26 

480 

139 

20 

380 

33 

26 

480 

34 

26 

480 

18 

26 

477 

14 

26 

476 

16 

26 

476 

18 

26 

477 

17 

26 

476 

4 

26 

474 

19 

26 

477 

4 

26 

474 

21 

26 

477 

4 

26 

474 

4 

26 

474 

12 

26 

475 

11 

26 

475 

12 

26 

475 

10 

26 

475 

15 

26 

476 

10 

26 

475 

13 

26 

476 

22 

26 

477 

374 

5 

108 

7 

25 

469 

168 

20 

387 

1 

4 

42 

37 

17 

345 

32 

15 

335 

1 

1 

9 

103 

10 

258 

1 

10 

235 

70 

5 

58 

270 

10 

286 

43 

10 

240 

71-73 

5 

58 

273 

10 

287 

271 

10 

286 

279 

10 

291 

273 

10 

287 

274 

10 

287 

651 


INDEX. 


Sec.  Chap.  Page 

Wholesale  drug  stores — Continued: 
manufacturing,  compounding : 

prohibited  materials  .  275  10  287 

use  of  heat .  273  10  287 

storage : 

mode  .  277  10  290 

prohibited  materials  .  275  10  287 

quantities  of  enumerated  materials  restricted .  276  10  288 

supervision  .  278  10  291 

Whooping  cough,  report  of  cases .  86  20  369 

Williamsburg  bridge  (East  river),  location .  1  4  42 

Willis  avenue  bridge  (Harlem  river),  location .  1  4  42 

Window  ledges,  placing  articles  upon .  250  23  455 

Windows : 

arches  and  lintels  of .  251  5  85 

automatic  or  self  closing,  defined .  370  5  105 

bay,  oriel  or  show,  construction .  446  5  119 

dormer,  construction  .  427  5  118 

fireproof  buildings  .  357  5  104 

fireproof  shutters  for  .  375  5  108 

fire  protection  of  .  375  5  108 

generally  .  134  5  68 

residence  buildings .  130  5  67 

Wind  pressure,  specifications  .  54  5  57 

Wireglass,  required  in  fire  windows .  376  5  109 

protectives  for  openings  .  376  5  109 

Wireless  telegraph  apparatus,  installation .  686  9  230 

Wires : 

electrical:  ( See  Electrical  Code.) 

overhead,  prohibited  in  parks .  4  17  341 

Wiring,  electric:  ( See  Electrical  Code.) 

Wood  alcohol : 

containers,  marking  .  124  20  377 

poisonings,  reports  of  cases  .  92  20  371 

sale  restrictions .  124  20  377 

use  . 124  20  377 

Wood  construction:  ( See  Building  Code.) 

Wooden  buildings :  ( See  Frame  Buildings.) 

Wooden  moulding:  ( See  Electrical  Code.) 

Wood  naphtha: 

containers,  marking .  124  20  377 

poisonings,  reports  of  cases  .  92  20  371 

sale  restrictions .  124  20  377 

use  .  124  20  377 

Woodwork  in  buildings :  ( See  Building  Code.) 

Working  or  filling  pressure,  defined .  1  10  235 

Working  stresses,  specifications  of .  51  5  53 

Work  rooms  :  ( See  Factories.) 

Work  shop  :  ( See  Factories.) 

Wrecked  buildings,  recovery  of  bodies  from . 638  5  142 

652 


INDEX. 


Writing,  defined  . 

Wrought  iron:  ( See  Building  Materials.) 


Yellow  fever,  reports  of  cases 


Y. 


Sec.  Chap.  Page 

2  5  45 


86  20  369 


Z. 


Zoolak  : 

adulteration  of 
ingredients 
quality  . 


152 

20 

384 

156 

20 

385 

158 

20 

386 

653 


APPENDIX  A. 


Table  of  Disposition  of  Provisions  of  Code  of  Ordinances  Repealed  by  the  Code 
Approved  March  30,  1915,  and  of  Other  General  Ordinances 
Repealed  by  the  Code  of  1915. 


Code  of 

1906.  Code  of  1916. 


Code  of 

1906.  Code  of  1916. 

§1 . .Ch.  2,  §130 

2 . ... . Ch.  1,  §2 

3-7  Omitted  rules  of  board  of 
aldermen,  rather  than  general 
ordinances. 


8-9 . Ch.  2,  §221 

10  Omitted ;  covered  by  Charter 
§255. 

11  Omitted;  covered  by  Charter, 

§1550. 

12  . Ch.  2,  §220 

13  . Ch.  2,  §222 

14  Omitted;  obsolete. 

15-17 . Ch.  2,  §250 

18-19 . Ch.  2.  §251 

20  . Ch.  2,  §252 

21  . Ch.  2,  §100 

22  . Ch.  2,  §§101,  170 

23  . Ch.  2,  §101 

24  . Ch.  2,  §100 

25  . Ch.  2,  §79 

26  . Ch.  2,  §171 

27  Omitted;  obsolete. 

28  . Ch.  2,  §103 

29  . Ch.  2,  §265 

30  . Ch.  2,  §105 

31  . Ch.  2,  §105 

32  Omitted ;  obsolete. 

33-35 . Ch.  2,  §105 

36  Omitted ;  obsolete. 

37-38  Omitted;  covered  by  Char¬ 
ter,  §188. 

39  . Ch.  2,  §73 

40  . Ch.  2,  §100 

41  . Ch.  2,  §6 

42  . Ch.  2,  102 

43  . Ch.  2,  §7 

44  . Ch.  2,  §7 

45  . Ch.  2,  §105 

46  . Ch.  2,  §102 


47-52  Omitted;  covered  by  Char¬ 
ter,  §205. 


53  Subds.  1-9  . ,.Ch.  2,  §4 

Subds.  10-11  Omitted;  obso¬ 
lete. 

Subd.  12 . Ch.  4,  §4 

54  Subd.  1 . Ch.  2,  §5 

Subd.  2  Omitted;  obsolete. 

Subds.  3-6 . Ch.  2,  §5 

Subd.  7  Superseded  by  Li¬ 

quor  Tax  Law. 

Subd.  8 . Ch.  2,  §5 

Subd.  9  Omitted;  obsolete. 

Subd.  10 . Ch.  2,  §1 

55  Omitted;  covered  by  Charter, 

§205. 

56  . Ch.  2,  §3 

57  Omitted;  covered  by  Charter, 

§222. 

58  . Ch.  2,  §8 

59....* . Ch.  2,  §8 

60  . Ch.  2,  §8 

61  . Ch.  2,  §8 

62  . Ch.  2,  §8 

63  . Ch.  2,  §8 

64  . Ch.  2,  §8 

65  . Ch.  2,  §4 

66  . Ch.  2,  §5 

67  . Ch.  2,  §8 

68  . ....Ch.  2,  §9 

69  . Ch.  2,  §9 

70  . Ch.  2,  §1 

71  Omitted;  covered  by  Charter 

§179. 


72-75  Omitted;  covered  by  Char¬ 
ter,  §205. 


76  . Ch.  2,  §104 

77  . Ch.  2,  §265 

78  . Ch.  15,  §1 


79  Omitted ;  conflicts  with  Char¬ 
ter,  §383,  subd.  10. 

80 
81 


....Ch.  15,  §2 
Ch.  15,  Art.  2 


GENERAL  ORDINANCES  REPEALED. 


Code  of 

1906. 

Code  of  1916. 

Code  of 

1906. 

Code  of  1916. 

,82  Omitted;  a 

temporary  expedi- 

132 . 

. Ch.  23,  §60 

ent  now  obsolete. 

133  Omitted; 

covered  by  Charter, 

83 . 

. Ch.  15,  §21 

§984,  as  amended  by  L.  1912, 

83  A . 

. Ch.  15,  §5 

Ch.  484. 

83  B . 

. Ch.  15,  §52 

134 . 

. . Ch.  23,  §61 

83C . 

. Ch.  15,  §52 

135 . 

. Ch.  23,  §60 

83D  Omitted ; 

obsolete. 

136,  137 . 

. Ch.  28,  §65 

83E . 

. Ch.  15,  §51 

138 . 

. Ch.  23,  §90 

83F  Omitted ; 

redundant. 

139 . 

. Ch.  23,  §3 

84 . 

. Ch.  2,  §61 

140 . 

. Ch.  23,  §3,  subd.  4 

85 . 

. Ch.  2,  §77 

141 . 

. Ch.  23,  §3,  subd.  5 

86, 87  Omitted 

;  covered  by..Ch.  2,  §73 

142 . 

. Ch.  23,  §§2,  3 

88 . 

. Ch.  2,  §204 

143 . 

. Ch.  23,  §5 

89 . 

. Ch.  2,  §62 

144 . 

. Ch.  23,  §80 

90 . 

. Ch.  2,  §200 

145 . 

. Ch.  23,  §96,  subd.  3 

91  First  sentence . Ch.  23,  §169 

146... . 

. Ch.  23,  §142,  subd.  5 

Last  two  sentences . Ch.  2,  §75 

147 . 

. Ch.  23,  §81 

92 . 

. Ch.  2,  §203 

148 . 

. Ch.  23,  §§90,  91 

93 . 

. Ch.  2,  §202 

149 . 

. Ch.  23,  §91,  subd.  2 

94 . 

...Ch.  23,  §151,  subd.  1 

150 . 

. Ch.  23,  §96,  subd.  1 

95 . 

. Ch.  2,  §201 

151 . 

. Ch.  23,  §91,  subd.  3 

96 . 

. Ch.  23,  §151,  subd.  3 

152 . 

. Ch.  21,  §1 

97 . 

. Ch.  23,  §151,  subd.  5 

153 . 

. Ch.  21,  §10 

98 . 

. Ch.  23,  §151,  subd.  4 

154  As  amended  by  Ord.  of  May 

99 . 

. Ch.  23,  §151,  subd.  2 

6,  1913 . 

. Ch.  21,  §1J 

100 . 

. Ch.  23,  §1 

155 . 

. Ch.  21,  §11 

101 . 

. Ch.  23,  §111 

156 . 

. Ch.  21,  §10 

102 . 

. Ch.  23,  §112 

157 . 

. Ch.  21,  §13 

103 . 

. Ch.  23,  §110 

158  As  amended  by  Ord.  May  6, 

104 . 

. Ch.  23,  §111 

1913 . 

. Ch.  21,  §§12,  20 

105 . 

. Ch.  23,  §110 

159 . 

. Ch.  21,  §15 

106,  107 . 

. Ch.  23,  §51 

160 . 

. Ch.  21,  §§20,  23,  24 

108,  109,  110.... 

. Ch.  23,  §50 

161 . 

. Ch.  23,  §98,  subd.  1 

Ill,  112 . 

. Ch.  23,  §51 

162 . 

. Ch.  22,  §17 

113 . 

. Ch.  23,  §52 

163-165 . 

. Ch.  23,  §94 

113a . 

. Ch.  23,  §93 

166 . 

. Ch.  23,  §95,  subd.  1 

114 . 

. Ch.  23,  §180 

167 . 

. Ch.  23,  §95,  subd.  2 

115,  116 . 

. Ch.  23,  §180 

168 . 

. Ch.  21,  §22 

117  Repealed. 

169 . 

. Ch.  23,  §240,  subd.  2 

118 . 

. Ch.  23,  §180 

170,  171 . 

. Ch.  23,  §240,  subd.  3 

119,  120 . 

. Ch.  23,  §180 

172  As  amended  by  Ord.  of  Apr. 

121 . 

29,  1913.... 

. Ch.  23,  §§240,  242 

122,  123 . 

. Ch.  23,  §184 

173 . 

. Ch.  23,  §240,  subd.  8 

124 . 

174 . 

. Ch.  23,  §240,  subd.  5 

125 . 7 

175..  Ch.  23,  §240,  subd.  7,  and  §241,  subd.  1 

126 . 

176,  177 . 

. Ch.  23,  §241,  subd.  1 

127 . 

. Ch.  23,  §181 

178  Omitted;  covered  by . Ch.  23,  §3 

128  Omitted;  covered  by _ Ch.  23,  §189 

179 . 

. Ch.  23,  §241,  subd.  2 

129-131 . 

. Ch.  23,  §181 

180  Repealed. 

655 


TABLE  OF  DISPOSITION. 


Code  of 
1906. 


Code  of  1916. 


181  Repealed. 

182  . Ch.  23,  §170 

183  Repealed. 

184  . Ch.  23,  §170 

185  . Ch.  23,  §161 

186, 187 . Ch.  23,  §240,  subds.  1,  9 

188-190 . Ch.  23,  §242 

191  . Ch.  23,  §243 

192  Repealed. 

193  Repealed. 

194  . Ch.  23,  §164,  subd.  3 

195-197  Omitted ;  obsolete. 

198  . Ch.  25,  §7 

199  Omitted ;  obsolete. 

200  . Ch.  25,  §5 

201,203  Omitted;  obsolete. 

204  . Ch.  12,  §4 

205  . Ch.  25,  §43 

206  Omitted ;  obsolete. 

207  . . Ch.  25,  §26 

208  . Ch.  27,  §3 

209  . Ch.  23,  §3,  subd.  1  and  §5 

210  . Ch.  23,  §3,  subd.  6 

211  Subds.  1-5 . Ch.  23,  §3,  subd.  2 

Subds.  6 . Ch.  23,  §§142,  143 

212  . Ch.  23,  §4 

213,  214 . Ch.  23,  §§3,  5 

215-218  Omitted;  covered  by..Ch.  2,  §70 

219  . Ch.  23,  §140 

220  . Ch.  23,  §145,  subd.  1 

221,222.. . Ch.  23,  §168 

223 . Ch.  23,  §170 

224-233  Repealed. 

234 . Ch.  23,  §170 

235-245  Repealed. 

246-248  Repealed. 

249-250  Repealed. 

251 . Ch.  23,  §162,  subd.  3 

252-256  Repealed. 

253  Repealed. 

257,258  in  part . Ch.  23,  §44 

259  Repealed. 

259a. . Ch.  23,  §43 

260  . Ch.  23,  §210 

260a -260d  Repealed  by  ord.  of  July 

24,  1912;  see . Ch.  23,  §215 

260e . Ch.  23,  131 

260f  Omitted;  covered  by - Ch.  27,  §10 


Code  of 


1906. 

Code  of  1916. 

261 . 

. Ch.  23,  §162 

262 . 

..Ch.  23,  §188,  subd.  1 

263  Paragraph  1 .  . . 

. Ch.  23,  §147 

Paragraph  2. . . 

. Ch.  23,  §188 

Paragraph  3 . . . 

..Ch.  23,  §145,  subd.  2 

Paragraph  4. . . 

..Ch.  23,  §145,  subd.  3 

Paragraph  5... 

. Ch.  23,  §42 

Paragraph  6. . . 

. Ch.  23,  §150 

Paragraph  7... 

. Ch.  23,  §148 

264  Omitted ;  redundant. 

265,  266 . 

. Ch.  23,  §188 

267 . 

. Ch.  23,  §187 

268 . 

. Ch.  24,  §16 

269 . . 

. Ch.  23,  §144 

270 . 

. Ch.  23,  §142 

271,272 . 

. Ch.  22,  §12 

273  . 

. Ch.  23,  §252 

274-280  Revised.. 

. Ch.  2,  §§24,  241 

281 . 

. Ch.  25,  §25 

282  As  amended  by  Ord.  of  June 

10,  1913 . Ch.  25,  §§20-23 

283  Omitted;  conflicts  with  Char¬ 
ter,  §476,  as  amended  by  L.  1912. 

Ch.  108. 

284  . Ch.  25,  §23 

285  . Ch.  25,  §1 

286  . Ch.  25,  §§2,  8 

287  . Ch.  25,  §3 

288  . Ch.  12,  §5 

289  . Ch.  25,  §§6,  24 

290  . Ch.  25,  §41 

291  . Ch.  12,  §5 

292  . Ch.  25,  §5 

293  . Ch.  25,  §40 

294  As  amended  by  ord.  of  April 

14,  1914 . Ch.  25,  §42 

295  . Ch.  25,  §4 

296  Omitted;  covered  by . Ch.  27,  §10 

297,298 . -Ch.  23,  §§121,  122 

299 . Ch.  23,  §145,  sbd.  3 

300, 301  Repealed  by  operation  of 

L.  1914,  Ch.  475. 

*302 . Ch.  14,  §§3,  4 

*303 . Ch.  14,  §§3,  4 

*304 . Ch.  14,  §4 

*305 . Ch.  3,  §61;  Ch.  14,  §1 

306 . Ch.  14,  §1 


*  As  amended  by  ord.  approved  June  29,  1914. 

656 


GENERAL  ORDINANCES  REPEALED. 


Code  of 

1906.  Code  of  1916. 

*308 - Ch.  14,  §§5,  21,  31,  41,  51,  61,  70, 

83,  121,  131,  142,  151,  161. 

*309  Omitted;  annual  license  fees 
fixed  for  all  licenses. 

310-314  Repealed  by  ordinance  of 
June  29,  1914,  which  is  contained 
in . Ch.  14,  §§140-144 

316-322  (Old)  Repealed  by  ordi¬ 
nance  of  June  2,  1913. 


315 . Ch.  14,  §62 


1316  (New) . 

. Ch.  14,  §§80,  81 

f317 

. Ch.  14,  §82 

f318 

Subds.  1.  2... 

. Ch.  14,  §83 

Subds.  3 . 

. Ch.  14,  §§84,  88 

318 

Subds.  4,  5. . . 

. Ch.  14,  §84 

Subds.  6,  7. . . 

. Ch.  14,  §85 

Subd.  8 . 

. Ch.  14,  §86 

Subd.  9 . 

. Ch.  14, '§87 

Subd.  10 . 

.Ch.  14,  §109,  subd.  2 

Subd.  11 . 

.Ch.  14,  §101,  subd.  1 

Subd.  12 . 

.Ch.  14,  §101,  subd.  5 

Subd.  13 . 

.Ch.  14,  §101,  subd.  4 

Subd.  14 . 

. Ch.  14,  §§88,  89 

319 

Subd.  1 . 

. Ch.  14,  §90 

Subd.  2 . 

. Ch.  14,  §§91,  92 

Subd.  3  Omitted;  covered  by 

Ch.  14,  §3. 

Subd.  4 . 

...Ch.  14,  §§93,  94,  98 

Subd.  5 . 

. Ch.  14,  §93 

319 

Subd.  6 . 

. .Ch.  14,  §§95,  96 

Subd.  7 . 

. . Ch.  14,  §97 

Subd.  8 . 

.  .Ch.  14,  §109,  subd.  2 

320.. 

. Ch.  14,  §99 

321.. 

. Ch.  14,  §102 

322 

Subd.  1 . 

. Ch.  14,  §101 

Subd.  2 . 

. Ch.  14,  §107 

Subd.  3 . 

. Ch.  14,  §103 

Subd.  4 . 

. '...Ch.  14,  §104 

Subds.  5,  6,  7. 

. Ch.  14,  §105 

Subd.  8 . 

.Ch.  14,  §109,  subd.  3 

323-329  Repealed  by  Ord.  approved 

June  29,  1914. 

329a. 

. Ch.  14,  §150 

329b 

Omitted;  covered  by . Ch.  14,  §3 

329c. 

. Ch.  14.  §151 

329d. 

. . . .  Ch.  14,  §§152,  153 

329e, 

f.  g . 

. Ch.  14,  §155 

Code  of 

1906.  Code  of  1916. 


329h, 

. Ch.  14,  §154 

329 i . 

. Ch.  14,  §152 

329j . 

. Ch.  14,  §156 

329k 

. Ch.  14,  §153 

330.. 

. Ch.  14,  §60 

331. . 

. Ch.  14,  §61 

332.. 

333.. 

. Ch.  14,  §64 

334.. 

. Ch.  14,  §§120  and  121 

335.. 

. Ch.  14,  §123 

336.. 

. Ch.  14,  §122,  subd.  1 

337.. 

. Ch.  14,  §122,  subd.  2 

338.. 

. Ch.  14,  §125 

339.. 

. Ch.  14,  §122,  subd.  3 

340.. 

341.. 

342.. 

. Ch.  14,  §42 

343.. 

. Ch.  14,  §43,  subd.  1 

344.. 

. Ch.  14,  §43,  subd.  2 

345.. 

. Ch.  14,  §44 

346.. 

347.. 

. Ch.  14,  §130 

348.. 

. Ch.  14,  §§130,  132 

349 

Repealed  Dec.  15,  1908. 

350 

Repealed  Dec.  15,  1908. 

351 

Repealed  July  7,  1914. 

352.. 

. Ch.  3,  §60 

352A 

. Ch.  3,  §30 

352B 

. Ch.  3,  §§30,  31 

352C. 

. Ch.  3,  §33 

352D 

Subd.  1.. 

. Ch.  5,  §500 

Subd.  2. . 

. Ch.  5,  §501 

Subd.  3. 

.Ch.  5,  §502,  subd.  2,  and 
§503,  subds.  3,  4 

Subd.  4. . 

. Ch.  5,  §502,  subd.  3 

Subd.  5. . 

Subd.  6. . 

. Ch.  S,  §502,  subd.  5 

Subd.  7.. 

..Ch.  3,  §35;  Ch.  5,  §504 
subd.  1 

Subd.  8.. 

. Ch.  5,  §502,  subd.  4 

Subd.  9. . 

.Ch.  3,  §34;  Ch.  5,  §503, 

Subd.  10. 

. Ch.  5,  §503,  subd.  2 

Subd.  11. 

..Ch:  3,  §54;  Ch.  5,  §503, 
subd.  3 

Subd.  12. 

. Ch.  5,  §502;  subd.  12 

Subd.  13. 

. Ch.  3,  ^37 

Subd.  14. 

. Ch.  3,  §36 

*As  amended  by  ord.  approved  June  29,  1914. 
t  As  amended  by  ord.  approved  July  7,  1914. 


657 


TABLE  OF  DISPOSITION. 


Code  of 

1906. 

Code  of  1916. 

352E  Subd.  1 

. Ch.  5,  §506 

Subd.  2 

. Ch.  5,  §505 

Subd.  3 _ Ch.  3,  §35;  Ch.  5,  §507 

352F . 

. Ch.  3,  §37 

*352G . 

. . . Ch.  3,  §38 

*352H . 

....Ch.  3,  §39;  Ch.  5,  §508 

3521 . 

. Ch.  3,  §39;  Ch.  5,  §508 

*352J . 

. Ch.  3,  §40 

*352K . 

. Ch.  5,  §509 

352L . 

. Ch.  5,  §509 

353 . 

. Ch.  14,  §160 

354 . 

. Ch.  14,  §30 

355 . 

. Ch.  14,  §20 

356 . 

. Ch.  14,  §50 

357 . 

. Ch.  14,  §51 

358,  359 . 

. Ch.  14,  §70 

360 . 

. Ch.  14,  §71 

361 . 

. Ch.  23,  §149,  subd.  1 

*362 . 

. Ch.  23,  §149,  subd.  2 

363,  *364  As 

amended  by  Ord.  of 

March  14,  1914 .  Ch.  23,  §149,  subds.4,  6,  8 

*265 . 

. Ch.  23,  §149,  subd.  5 

366 . 

. Ch.  23,  §149,  subd.  3 

367 . 

. Ch.  23,  §149,  subd.  4 

368 . 

. Ch.  23,  §149,  subd.  7 

369  Repealed  by  Ord.  of  March  14, 

1914. 

*370  Omitted;  covered  by . Ch.  14,  §5 

*371 . 

. Ch.  23,  §149,  subd.  10 

*372 . 

. Ch.  23,  §149,  subd.  9 

*372a . 

. Ch.  23,  §149,  subd.  8 

*373 . 

. Ch.  14,  §4 

*374 . 

. Ch.  14,  §7 

*375 . 

. Ch.  14,  §6,  subd.  1 

*376 . 

. Ch.  14,  §6,  subd.  3 

*377 . 

. Ch.  14,  §6,  subd.  2 

*378 . 

. Ch.  14,  §5 

*379  Omitted 

as  invalid  on  opinion 

in  Peo.  v. 

Marks,  Ct.  Spl.  Ses. ; 

Law  Journal,  Jan.  15,  1913;  sepa- 

rate  penal 

sections  provided  in 

various  chapters ;  see  also  Ch.  27, 

§10. 

380 . 

. Ch.  26,  §1 

381  Omitted ; 

obsolete. 

382 . 

. Ch.  2,  §270 

383,  384 . Ch.  26,  §10 


Code  of 

1906.  Code  of  1916. 


384A  As  amended  by  Ord.  of  May 

2,  1911 . Ch.  26,  §12 

384B . Ch.  26,  §15 

385  . Ch.  26,  §3 

386  . Ch.  26,  §17 

387  . Ch.  26,  §12 

588 . Ch.  26,  §§13,  22 

388A . Ch.  26,  §16 

338B . Ch.  26,  §33 

389 . Ch.  26,  §14 

390,  391 . Ch.  26,  §31,  subd.  2 

892 . Ch.  26,  §3 

393  . Ch.  26,  §19 

394  . Ch.  26,  §21 

395  . Ch.  26,  §18 

395 A . Ch.  26,  §11 

396  . Ch.  26,  §10 

397,  398 . Ch.  26,  §4,  subd.  1 

399  . Ch.  26,  §22,  subd.  1 

400  . Ch.  26,  §2 

401  . Ch.  26,  §20 

402  . Ch.  26,  §1 

403  . Ch.  26,  §4,  subd.  2 

404  As  amended  by  Ord.  of  Apr. 

29,  1913 . Ch.  22,  §10 

405  . Ch.  22,  §11 

406  . Ch.  22,  §16 

407  . Ch.  22,  §13 

408  As  amended  by  Ord.  of  July 

7,  1914 . Ch.  22,  §15 

409,  410 . Ch.  22,  §21 

411  . Ch.  22,  §24 

412  . Ch.  22,  §22 

413  . Ch.  22,  §23 

414  . ...Ch.  22,  §1 

4J5 . Ch.  22,  §20 

416,  417 . Ch.  22,  §22 

418  Omitted;  covered  by . Ch.  27,  §10 

4 18 A . Ch.  2,  §71 

418B . Ch.  2,  §71 

419-427  Obsolete;  rendered  redun¬ 
dant  by  the  Charter,  §778C,  as 
amended  by  L.  1914,  Ch.  495. 

428  . Ch.  10,  §65,  subd.  1 

429  . Ch.  10,  §3 

430  As  amended  from  time  to 

time  . Ch.  11,  §2 


*As  amended  by  Ord.  of  July  7,  1914. 


658 


GENERAL  ORDINANCES  REPEALED. 


Code  of 

1906. 

Code  of  1916. 

Code  of 

1906. 

Code  of  1916. 

h31  Superseded 

by  “Sullivan 

488 . 

. Ch.  L  §9 

Law”;  Ordinance  of  June  9, 

489 . 

. Ch.  1,  §8 

19*14,  providing  fee  for  pistol 

490 . 

. Ch.  1,  §11 

permits . 

. Ch.  11,  §1 

491 . 

. . Ch.  4,  §1 

432 . 

. Ch.  11,  §1 

492 . 

. Ch.  27,  §5 

433,  434  Obsolete ;  rendered  redun- 

493 . 

. Ch.  1,  §5 

dant  by  enactment  of  the  “  Sulli- 

494 . 

. Ch.  23,  §20 

van  Law.” 

495  Omitted ;  redundant. 

435 . 

. Ch.  24,  §11,  subd.  1 

496  Omitted ;  covered 

by  Penal 

436 . 

. Ch.  24,  §11,  subd.  2 

Law,  §1841. 

437 . 

. Ch.  24,  §11,  subd.  3 

497,  498 . 

. Ch.  23,  §20 

438 . 

. Ch.  24,  §11,  subd.  4 

499 . 

. Ch.  23,  §21 

439 . 

. Ch.  24,  §11,  subd.  5 

500,  501  Omitted ;  covered  by  Penal 

440 . 

. Ch.  24,  §11,  subd.  6 

Law,  §1141a. 

441 . 

. Ch.  24,  §11,  subd.  7 

503,  504 . 

. Ch.  19,  §12 

442 . 

. Ch.  24,  §11,  subd.  12 

505-508  Omitted;  covered  by  Public 

443 . 

....Ch.  24,  §16,  subd.  1-3 

lie  Service  Commissions  Law. 

444 . 

....Ch.  24,  §11,  subd.  12 

509 . . 

. Ch.  2,  §60 

445-447 . 

....Ch.  24,  §11,  subd.  11 

510 . 

. . Ch.  2,  §63 

448  Superseded 

by  Ord.  of  June 

511 . 

. Ch.  2.  §64 

30,  1914 . 

. Ch.  24,  §18 

512 . 

. Ch.  2,  §65 

448a . 

. Ch.  24,  §15,  subd.  1 

513 . 

. Ch.  2.  §65 

449  As  amended  by  Ord.  of  July 

514,  515  Repealed;  Ord.  of  Dec. 

2,  1912 . 

. Ch.  24,  §15,  subd.  2 

24,  1912. 

450 . 

. Ch.  24,  §15,  subd.  3 

516 . 

. Ch.  2,  §66 

451 . . . 

....Ch.  24,  §11,  subd.  9 

517 . 

. Ch.  2,  §67 

452 . . 

....Ch.  24,  §11,  subd.  10 

518 . 

...... Ch.  2,  §68 

453 . 

. Ch.  24,  §11,  subd.  8 

519 . 

. Ch.  2,  §70 

454-457 . 

. Ch.  24.  §17 

520 . . 

. Ch  2  §72 

458  As  amended  by  Ord.  of  Oct. 

521 . 

. Ch.  2,  §69 

8,  1913 . 

...Ch.  24,  §12,  subd.  1,  2 

522 . 

. Ch.  2,  §74 

459 . 

. Ch.  24,  §12,  subd.  4 

523  Except  last  sentence. 

. Ch.  2,  §74 

460 . 

. Ch.  24,  §31,  subd.  1 

Last  sentence . 

. Ch.  2,  §73 

461 . 

524 . 

. Ch.  2,  §2 

462 . 

. Ch.  24,  §31,  subd.  3 

525 . 

. Ch.  2,  §76 

463 . 

. Ch.  24,  §10 

526 . 

. Ch.  2,  §78 

464 . 

. Ch.  24,  §14 

527,  528  Obsolete;  covered  by  char- 

465 . 

. ' . Ch.  14,  §106 

ter,  §§419-422. 

466 . 

. Ch.  23,  §188 

529 . 

....Ch.  23,  §135 

467 . 

. Ch.  24,  §31,  subd.  4 

530  Superseded;  Ord.  of  Apr.  16, 

468  As  amended  by  Ord.  of  June 

1912 . . 

....Ch.  23,  §185 

30,  1914 . 

531  As  amended  by  Ord.  of  Apr. 

469 . 

. Ch.  23,  §188 

16,  1912.. Ch.  10,  §95;  ; 

subd.  1 ;  Ch.  23, 

470 . 

. Ch.  24,  §41 

§185,  subd.  1. 

471 . 

Ch.  24,  §11,  subd.  13,  14 

532 . 

. Ch.  12,  §5 

472,  473 . 

533  Omitted ;  obsolete. 

474 . 

534 . Ch. 

23,  §30.  subd.  1 

475  Omitted;  covered  by _ Ch.  27,  §10 

535 . 

. Ch.  23,  §31 

476-487 . 

. Ch.  2,  §270 

536 . Ch. 

23,  §30,  subd.  3 

659 


TABLE  OF  DISPOSITION. 


Code  of 
1906. 


Code  of  1916. 


Code  of 
1906. 


Code  of  1916. 


537 . Ch.  23,  §30,  subd.  2 

538,539.  . . Ch.  23,  §30,  subd.  1 

540  Omitted;  covered  by . Ch.  27,  §10 

541  . Ch.  23,  §30 

542  . Ch.  27,  §3 

543,544 . Ch.  10,  §69 

545  . .....Ch.  10,  §300 

546  . Ch.  12,  §7 

547  . Ch.  14,  §170 

548  . Ch.  23,  §10 

549  . Ch.  23,  §251 

550,550a . Ch.  12,  §3 

551  . Ch.  23,  §133 

552  Omitted;  covered  by . Ch.  24,  §13 

553  . Ch.  27,  §2,  subd.  1 

553a-558 . Ch.  27,  §2,  subd.  3 

559 . Ch.  27,  §2,  subd.  1 

560, 560a  Omitted ;  covered  by 

Penal  Law,  §1141a. 

561  . Ch.  21,  §21 

562  . Ch.  21,  §24 

563  . Ch.  18,  §1 

564  . Ch.  27,  §5 

565,  566  Omitted  ;  covered  by  Penal 

Law. 

567-569 . Ch.  2,  §230 

570 . ...Ch.  3,  §§10,  13 

Chapter  14. 

THE  SANITARY  CODE. 

1  . Ch.  20,  §1 

2  . .Ch.  20,  §1 

3  . .Ch.  20,  §1 

4  . Ch.  20,  §1 

5  . Ch.  20,  §1 

6  . Ch.  20,  §1 

7  . Ch.  20,  §1 

8  . Ch.  20,  §181 

9  . Ch.  20,  §182 

10  . Ch.  20,  §183 

11  . Ch.  20,  §184 

12  . Ch.  20,  §186 

13  . Ch.  20,  §51 

14  . Ch.  20,  §185 

15  . Ch.  20,  §187 

16  . .Ch.  20,  §52 

17  . Ch.  20,  §54 

18  . Ch.  20,  §62 


19.... . 

. Ch.  20,  §56 

20 . 

. Ch.  20,  §284 

21 . 

. Ch.  20,  §334 

22 . 

. Ch.  20,  §55 

23 . 

. Ch.  20,  §00 

24 . 

. Ch.  20,  §59 

25 . 

. Ch.  20,  §§57,  198 

26 . 

. Ch.  20,  §§340,  541 

27 . 

. Ch.  20,  §§275,  276 

28 . 

. Ch.  20,  §273 

29 . 

. Ch.  20,  §282 

30  Omitted. 

31  . . 

. Ch.  20,  §279 

32 . 

. Ch.  20,  §277 

33 . 

. Ch.  20,  §278 

34 . 

. Ch.  20,  §280 

35 . 

. Ch.  20,  §283 

36 . 

. Ch.  20,  §281 

37 . 

. Ch.  20,  §287 

37a . 

. Ch.  20,  §§285,  286 

38 . 

. Ch.  20,  §274 

39 . 

. Ch.  20,  311 

40 . . 

. Ch.  20.  §271 

41 . 

. Ch.  20,  §53 

42 . 

. Ch.  20,  §163 

43 . 

. Ch.  20,  §160 

44 . 

. Ch.  20,  §161 

45 . 

. Ch.  20,  §162 

46 . 

. Ch.  20,  §142 

47 . 

. Ch.  20,  §14] 

48 . 

. Ch.  20.  §140 

48a . 

. Ch.  20.  §331 

49 . 

. Ch.  20,  §147 

49a: . 

. Ch.  20,  §330 

49b . 

. Ch.  20,  §144 

50  Omitted. 

51  . ; 

. Ch.  20,  §145 

52 . 

. Ch.  20,  §151 

53 . 

. Ch.  20,  §152 

54 . 

. Ch.  20,  §153 

55 . 

. Ch.  20,  §154 

56 . 

. Ch.  20,  §155 

56a . 

. Ch.  20,  §156 

57 . 

. Ch.  20,  §158 

58 . 

. Ch.  20,  §137 

59 . 

. Ch.  20.  §165 

60 . 

. Ch.  20,  §136 

61 . 

. Ch.  20,  §166 

62 . 

. Ch.  20,  §167 

660 


GENERAL  ORDINANCES  REPEALED . 


Code  of 


.Code  of 


1906.  Code  of  1916. 


62a.. . Ch.  20,  §61 

63  . Ch.  20,  §168 

64  . Ch.  20,  §169 

65  . Ch.  20,  §118 

66  . Ch.  20,  §122 

66a . Ch.  20,  §124 

67  . Ch.  20,  §123 

67a . Ch.  20,  §125 

68  . Ch.  20,  §139 

69  . Ch.  20,  §116 

69a . Ch.  20,  §188 

70  Repealed. 

71  . Ch.  20,  §14 

72  . Ch.  20,  §12 

73  . Ch.  20,  §11 

74  Repealed. 

75  Repealed. 

76  . Ch.  20,  §58 

77  . Ch.  20,  §15 

78  . k . Ch.  20,  §312 

79  . Ch.  20,  §19 

80  . Ch.  20,  §18 

80a . Ch.  20,  §17 

81  . Ch.  20,  §20 

81a . Ch.  20,  §16 

82  Omitted. 

83  . Ch.  20,  §325 

84  . Ch.  20,  §326 

85  Omitted. 

86  . Ch.  20,  §327 

87  . Ch.  20,  §239 

88  . Ch.  20,  §§231,  322,  328 

89  . Ch.  20,  §333 

90  . Ch.  20,  §323 

91  . Ch.  20,  §324 

92  . Ch.  20,  §321 

93  Omitted. 

94  . Ch.  20,  §332 

95  . Ch.  20,  §329 

96  . Ch.  20,  §212 

97  Omitted. 

98  . Ch.  20,  §252 

99  . Ch.  20,  §232 

100  . Ch.  20,  §235 

101  . Ch.  20,  §241 

102  . Ch.  20,  §233 

103  . Ch.  20,  §234 

104  . Ch.  20,  §235 

105  . Ch.  20,  §237 


1906.  Code  of  1916. 


106  Omitted. 

107  . Ch.  20,  §235 

108  . Ch.  20,  §248 

109  . Ch.  20,  §249 

110  . Ch.  20,  §250 

111  . Ch.  20,  §242 

112  . Ch.  20,  §247 

113.. .. . Ch.  20,  §246 

114..  . Ch.  20,  §243 

115  . Ch.  20,  §245 

116  . Ch.  20,  §251 

117  . Ch.  20,  §313 

118  . Ch.  20,  §253 

119  . Ch.  20,  §240 

120  . Ch.  20,  §244 

121  . Ch.  20,  §244 

122  . Ch.  20,  §236 

123  . Ch.  20,  §238 

124  . Ch.  20,  §§4,  13 

125  . Ch.  20,  §3 

126  . Ch.  20,  §9 

127  . Ch.  20,  §2 

128  . Ch.  20,  §8 

129  . Ch.  20,  §5 

130  . Ch.  20,  §6 

131  . Ch.  20,  §7 

132  . Ch.  20,  §10 

133  . Ch.  20,  §86 

134.. . . Ch.  20,  §90 

135  . Ch.  20,  §90 

136  . Ch.  20,  §87 

137  . Ch.  20,  §189 

138  . Ch.  20,  §89 

139  .  Ch.  20,  §97 

140  . Ch.  20,  §96 

141  . Ch.  20,  §102 

142  . ..Ch.  20,  §103 

143  . Ch.  20,  §§98,  100 

144  . Ch.  20,  §91 

145  . Ch.  20,  §94 

146  . Ch.  20,  §101 

147  . Ch.  20,  §199 

148  Omitted;  covered  by.  ...Ch.  20,  §120 

148a . Ch.  20,  §120 

149  . Ch.  20,  §353 

150  . Ch.  20,  §362 

151  . Ch.  20,  §351 

151a . Ch.  20.  §357 

152  . Ch.  20,  §359 


661 


TABLE  OF  DISPOSITION. 


Code  of 
1906. 


Code  of  1916.' 


Code  of 
1906. 


Code  of  1916. 


153 . . . 

. Ch.  20,  §358 

154 . 

. Ch.  20,  §355 

155 . 

. Ch.  20,  §352 

156 . 

. Ch.  20,  §354 

157 . 

. Ch.  20,  §356 

157a . 

. Ch.  20,  §360 

158 . 

. Ch.  20,  §§34,  35 

159 . 

. Ch.  20,  §31 

160 . 

. Ch.  20,  §§32,  218 

161 . 

. Ch.  20,  §33 

162 . 

. Ch.  20,  §36 

163 . 

. Ch.  20,  §37 

163a . 

. Ch.  20,  §38 

164 . 

. Ch.  20,  §39 

165 . 

. Ch.  20,  §40 

166 . . . . . . 

. Ch.  20,  §41 

167 . 

. Ch.  20,  §42 

168 . 

. Ch.  20,  §45 

169 . 

. Ch.  20,  §43 

170 . 

. Ch.  20,  §44 

171 . 

. Ch.  20,  §§80,  82 

172  Repealed. 

173 . 

. Ch.  20,  §301 

174 . 

. Ch.  20,  §302 

175 . 

. Ch.  20,  §303 

176  Repealed. 

177  Omitted. 

178 . 

. Ch.  20,  §213 

179 . 

. Ch.  20,  §335 

180 . 

. Ch.  20,  §215 

181  . 

. Ch.  20,  §211 

182 . 

. Ch.  20,  §126 

183 . 

. Ch.  20.  §159 

184 . 

. Ch.  20,  §§196,  220 

185 . 

. Ch.  20,  §164 

186 . 

. Ch.  20,  §217 

187 . 

. Ch.  20,  §216 

188 . 

. Ch.  20,  §361 

189 . 

. Ch.  20,  §143 

190 . 

. Ch.  20,  §214 

191 . 

. Ch.  20,  §197 

Chapter  15. 

THE  BUILDING  CODE. 

. Ch.  5,  §1 


2  . Ch.  5,  §1 

3  . Ch.  5,  §1 


4  1st  sentence. . . . Ch.  5,  §3,  subd.  1 

2d-3d  sentence . Ch.  5,  §3,  subd.  3 

4th  sentence,  redundant;  cov¬ 
ered  by  Penal  Law,  §811. 

5th  sentence . Ch.-5,  §4,  subd.  I 

6th . Ch.  5,  §  4,  subd.  2 

7th  sentence . Ch.  5,  §4,  subd.  4 

8th  sentence . Ch.  5,  §3,  subd.  6 

9th  sentence . Ch.  5,  §1,  subd.  6 

10th  sentence . Ch.  5,  §4,  subd.  1 

5  1st  sentence . Ch.  5,  §3,  subd.  3 

2d  sentence . Ch.  5,  §200 

6  . Ch.  5,  §250;  Ch.  5,  §2,  subd.  g 

7. . Ch.  5,  §2,  subd.  12 

8  Repealed. 


9  . 

10  Repealed. 

11  Repealed. 

12  Repealed. 
13...,’.....,.... 

14  . 

15  . 

16  Sentences  1-3 

17  . 

18  . 

19  . 

20  . 

21 . 

22 . 

23  . 

24  . 

25  1st  sentence. . 


Ch.  5,  §70 


. Ch.  5,  §23 

. Ch.  5,  §24 

.Ch.  5,  §27,  subd.  3 
.Ch.  5,  §27,  subd.  1 
Ch.  5,  §27,  subd.  2 

. Ch.  5,  §28 

. Ch.  5,  §31 

. Ch.  5,  §22 

. Ch.  5,  §30 

. Ch.  5,  §230 

. Ch.  5,  §231 

. Ch.  5,  §233 

.Ch.  5,  §232,  subd.  1 


remainder  of  section . Ch.  5,  §235 


26  . Ch.  5,  §§233,  236,  253 

27  . Ch.  5,  §251 

28  . Ch.  5,  §§251,  252 

29  . Ch.  5,  §255 

30  . Ch.  5,  §256 

31  . ' . Ch.  5,  §257 

32  . Ch.  5.  §257 

33  . Ch.  5,  §257 

34  . Ch.  5,  §257 

35  . Ch.  5,  §257 

36  . Ch.  5,  §257 

37  . Ch.  5,  §257 

38..... . Ch.  5,  §258 

39 . Ch.  5,  §258 


40  Omitted ;  obsolete. 

41  . 


Ch.  5,  §251 


GENERAL  ORDINANCES  REPEALED. 


Code  of 
1906. 


Code  of  1916. 


Code  of 
1906. 


Code  of  1916. 


42  . Ch.  5,  §251 

43  . Ch.  5.  §259 

44  . ...Ch.  5,  §260 

45  . Ch.  5,  §262 

46  . Ch.  5,  §261 

47  . Ch.  5,  §262 

48  . Ch.  5,  §373 

49  . Ch.  5,  §355 

50  Repealed. 

51  . Ch.  5.  §283 

52  . Ch.  5,  §251 

53  Repealed. 

54  Repealed . Ch.  5,  §442,  subd.  3 

55  Repealed . Ch.  5,  §451 

56  Repealed . Ch.  5,  §450 

57  Revised.. . Ch.  5,  §442 

58  Revised . Ch.  5,  §440 

59  . Ch.  5,  §280 

60  . Ch.  5,  §280 

61  . Ch.  5,  §281 

62  Repealed. 

63  . Ch.  5,  §282 

64  . Ch.  5,  §393 

65  Revised . . Ch.  5,  §392 

66  Revised . Ch.  5,  §392 

67  Revised . Ch.  5,  §395 

68  1st  sentence . Ch.  5,  §392 

2nd  sentence . Ch.  5,  §§403,  404 

3rd-6th  sentence . Ch.  5,  §403 

7th-l  1th  sentence . Ch.  5,  §403 

12th-17th  sentence . Ch.  5,  §404 

18th-19th  sentence . Ch.  5,  §401 

69  . Ch.  5,  §404 

70  . Ch.  5,  §402 

71,72 . Ch.  5,  §284 

73  . Ch.  5,  §446 

74  Repealed. 

75  . Ch.  5,  §§152,  153 

76  . Ch.  5,  §152 

77  . Ch.  5,  §153 

78  . Ch.  5.  §424 

79  . Ch.  5,  §444 

80  1st  sentence . Ch.  5,  §191 

2nd-6th  sentence.  Revised. Ch. 

5,  §194. 

Repealed. 

8th,  9th  sentence . Ch.  5,  §193 

10th  sentence . Ch.  5,  §193 

11th,  12th  sentence . Ch.  5.  §193 


80  13th  sentence.. 

81  Repealed. 

82  Repealed. 

83  Repealed. 

84  Repealed. 

85  . 

86  . 

87  Revised  . 

88  . 

89  Repealed. 

90  . 

91  . 

92  . 

93  . 

94  . 

95  . 

96  . 

97  . 

98  Repealed. 

99  Repealed. 

100  Repealed . 

101  lst-3d  sentence 
•  4th  sentence... 

5th  sentence... 

102  Revised . 

103  . 

104  . 

105  Revised  . 

106  . 

107  Revised . 

108  1st  sentence. .. . 
2nd  sentence. . . 
3rd  sentence... 
4tli  sentence . . . 

109  . 

109a . 

110  Revised . 

111  . 

112  . 

113-115  Repealed. 
116 . 

117  . : . 

118  . 

119  Repealed. 

120  . 

121 . 

122 . 

123  . 

124  . 


Ch.  5,  §190 


....Ch.  5,  §  400 

. Ch.  5,  §398 

. §397 

....  Ch.  5,  §390 

. Ch.  5,  §427 

. Ch.  5,  §422 

. Ch.  5,  §426 

. Ch.  5,  §428 

Ch.  5,  §§421,423 

. Ch.  5,  §374 

. Ch.  5,  §373 

. Ch.  5,  §373 


. Ch.  5,  §561 

. Ch.  5,  §565 

. Ch.  5,  §567 

. Ch.  5,  §566 

. Ch.  5,  §581 

. Ch.  5,  §162 

. Ch.  5,  §375 

...Ch.  5,  §§70-73 

. Ch.  5,  §354 

. Ch.  5,  §311 

. Ch.  5,  §490 

. Ch.  5,  §491 

. Ch.  5,  §492 

. Ch.  5,  §493 

.Ch.  5,  §§520-538 

. Ch.  5,  §538 

. Ch.  5,  §311 

. Ch.  5,  §301 

Ch.  5,  §§300,  302 

. Ch.  5,  §303 

. Ch.  5,  §303 

. Ch.  5,  §303 

. Ch.  5,  §308 

. Ch.  5.  §309 

. Ch.  5,  §304 

. Ch.  5,  §306 

. Ch.  5,  §307 


663 


TABLE  OF  DISPOSITION. 


Code 

of 

1906. 

Code  of  1916. 

125.. 

. Ch.  5,  §305 

126.. 

. Ch.  5,  §§305,  306 

127.. 

. Ch.  5,  §305 

128.. 

. Ch.  5,  §312 

129.. 

. Ch.  5,  §310 

130.. 

. . Ch.  5,  §53 

131 

Repealed. 

* 

132.. 

. Ch.  5,  §55 

133.  . 

. Ch.  5,  §50 

134 

Repealed 

135.. 

. Ch.  5,  §21 

136.. 

. Ch.  5,  §50 

137.. 

. Ch.  5,  §50 

138.. 

. Ch.  5,  §52 

139.. 

. Ch.  5,  §51 

140.. 

. Ch.  5,  §54 

141 

Omitted ; 

superseded  by  Ord. 

of  Nov.  10, 

1914.  Covered 

by . 

. Ch.  5,  §§600-604 

142 

lst-7th  sentence.  Repealed. 

8th  sentence... 

. Ch.  5,  §623 

9th-l  1th  sentences.  Repealed. 

12th  sentence.. 

. Ch.  5,  §94 

13th  sentence. 

Repealed. 

143 

Revised . 

. Ch.  5,  §§90,  91 

144 

Revised . 

. Ch.  5,  §§470-481 

145. 

/ 

. Ch.  5,  §93 

146 

Repealed. 

147 

Repealed. 

148  Omitted;  covered  by  Charter, 
§410. 

149  Omitted ;  covered  by  Charter, 
§411. 


150  . Ch.*  5,  §654 

151  . Ch.  5,  §652 

152  . Ch.  5,  §650 

153  1st  sentence;  1st  clause.. Ch.  5,  §630 

remainder . Ch.  5,  §631 

154  1st  sentence;  1st  clause.. Ch.  5,  §632 

remainder . Ch.  5,  §653 

2d  sentence . Ch.  5,  §633,  subd.  2 

3rd-5th  sentence.  .Ch.  5,  §633,  subd.  3 

155  . Ch.  20,  §§634-637 

156  . Ch.  5,  §653 

157  . Ch.  5,  §638 

157a . Ch.  5,  §651 

158  1st  sentence;  omitted;  covered 
by  Charter.  §255. 

2nd  sentence.  .Ch.  5,  §639,  subds.  1,  2 


Code  of 

1906.  Code  of  1916. 

158  3rd  sentence ...... .Ch.  5,  §639,  subd.  3 

159  . Ch.  5,  §4 

160  . Ch.  5,  §5 

161  Omitted ;  covered  by  Ch.  28, 

§2. 

162.  Redundant. 

163  Redundant;  covered  by  Ch.  28. 

§1. 

164  Redundant;  covered  by  gen¬ 
eral  section  2  of  Code. 


Chapter  16. 

PARK  ORDINANCES,  RULES  AND 
REGULATIONS. 

(Superseded  by  Park  Regulations, 
adopted  Nov.  19,  1914,  by  Park  Board, 
under  the  authority  conferred  by  the 
Charter,  §§610,  612.  The  Park  Regula¬ 
tions,  so  adopted,  were  subsequently 
adopted  by  the  Board  of  Aldermen  and, 
as  such,  constitute  chapter  17  of  the 
Cede  of  Ordinances,  ante.) 

PART  II;  ORDINANCES  RELATING 
TO  MANHATTAN. 


§§1-2 . Ch.  24,  §13 

3 . Ch.  22,  §10,  Ch.  24,  §16 

4-6 . Ch.  23,  §133 


7  Omitted;  covered  by....Ch.  23,  §130 

8  Omitted ;  Redundant. 

9  Omitted;  covered  by....Ch.  27,  §10 
10-14  Repealed;  Ord  effective 

July  16,  1915. 


15-17 . Ch.  26,  §30 

18  Omitted ;  obsolete. 

19  . Ch.  26,  §31,  subd.  1 

20  . Ch.  26,  §34 

21  Omitted;  covered  by . Ch.  27,  §10 

22  . Ch.  26,  §32,  subd.  1 

23  . Ch.  26,  §32,  subd.  3 

24  . Ch.  26,  §32,  subd.  2 

25  Repealed;  Ord.  Effective  July 
16.  1915. 

26-33 . Ch.  10,  §69 

34  . Ch.  11,  §4 

35  . Ch.  11,  §5 

36,37 . Ch.  11,  §3 

38 . Ch.  27,  §3 


664 


GENERAL  ORDINANCES  REPEALED. 


Code  of 
1906. 


Code  of  1916. 


Code  of 
1906. 


Code  of  1916. 


39  (As  amended  by  Ord.  of  July 
7,  1914).. Ch.  14,  §170,  and  Ch.  23,  §136 


40  . Ch.  23,  §22 

41  . Ch.  24,  §30 

42  . Ch.  23,  §250 

43-55 . Ch.  5,  §§210-215 

56-58 . Ch.  19,  §11 

59,60 . Ch.  19,  §10 


61,62  Repealed;  Ord.  effective 


Feb.  9,  1915. 

63,64 . Ch.  19,  §12 

65  Repealed;  Ord.  effective  Feb. 


9,  1915. 

66 . Ch.  19,  §34 

67,68 . Ch.  19,  §§32,  33 

69  Omitted;  covered  by . Ch.  27,  §10 

70  . Ch.  19,  §30 

71  . Ch.  19,  §34,  Ch.  27,  §10 


72  Omitted ;  redundant. 

73  Omitted ;  repealed  by  resolu¬ 
tion  of  Board  of  Estimate. 


74-77  Repealed  by  Ord.  effective 
Feb.  9,  1915. 

78  . Ch.  19,  §1 

79  Repealed;  Ord.  effective  Feb. 

9,  1915. 


£0. . . . 

...Ch.  23,  §10 

81.... 

..Ch.  23,  §251 

82.... 

....Ch.  12,  §3 

83.... 

...Ch.  12,  §13 

84.... 

85-87 

Omitted ; 

repealed. 

..Ch.  23,  §187 

88.... 

...Ch.  24.  §35 

89  90. 

....Ch.  24,  §34 

91 ... . 

...Ch.  24,  §39 

92-94 

Omitted ; 

covered 

by  Ch. 

14,  §§80-109 

95-97 . Ch.  23,  §§110,  111 


PART  III;  ORDINANCES  RELATING 
TO  BROOKLYN. 


§1 . Ch.  23,  §142,  subd.  1 

2  . . Ch.  23,  §3 

3  Repealed. 

4  . Ch.  25,  §3 

5  . Ch.  23,  §180 

6  . Ch.  23,  §180 

7,8 . Ch.  23,  §181 

9 . Ch.  23,  §185 


10 . Ch.  23,  §180 

11, 12 . Ch.  23,  §143 

13  . Ch.  23,  §185 

14  . Ch.  23,  §64 

14a . Ch.  23,  §160 

14b . Ch.  23,  §180 

15  Omitted;  covered  by . Ch.  27,  §10 

16  . . . Ch.  27,  §3 


17  Omitted;  covered  by  Penal 
Law,  §970. 


18  . Ch.  25,  §43 

19  . Ch.  12,  §5 

20,  21 . Ch.  23,  §252 

22  . Ch.  12,  §5 

23  . Ch.  23,  §23 

24  . Ch.  23,  §10 

25  . Ch.  12,  §27 

26.... . Ch.  12,  §28 

27  . Ch.  12,  §3 

28  . Ch.  19,  §32 

29  . Ch.  23,  §242 

30-43..., . Ch.  5,  §§210-215 

44,  45 . Ch.  14,  §171 

46  . Ch.  14,  §170 

47  . Ch.  27,  §10 


48-58  Repealed;  by  Ord.  effective 
Feb.  9,  1915. 


59 . . Ch.  19,  §11 

60-69  Repealed ;  by  Ord.  effective 
Feb.  9,  1915. 


70. 

74 

72. 

73. 
74 


.Ch.  19,  §31 


Repealed 


Omitted 


. Ch.  23,  §160 

. Ch.  23,  §110 

a  special  ordinance. 


75  Omitted ;  superseded  by  Ord. 

of  July  7,  1914 . Ch.  25,  §44 

76  . Ch.  27,  §2,  subd.  2 

77  . Ch.  4,  §2 

78  . Ch.  23,  §134 


79  Repealed;  by  Ord.  effective 
July  16,  1915. 


80  Omitted ;  covered  by  Penal 
Law,  §1423. 

81  . Ch.  23,  §12 

82  Omitted ;  covered  by 

Ch.  8,  §61,  subd.  2 

83  . Ch.  24,  §37 


665 


TABLE  OF  DISPOSITION. 


Code  of 

1906.  Code  of  1916. 


84  Omitted;  covered  by . Ch.  27,  §10 

85  Omitted;  covered  by . Ch.  28,  §1 


PART  IV;  ORDINANCES  RELATING 
TO  LONG  ISLAND  CITY. 


§1 . Ch.  12,  §5 

2 . Ch.  25,  §43 

3,  4  Repealed. 

5  Redundant. 

6  . Ch.  23,  §170 

7  Repealed. 

8,  9,  10  Repealed. 


11-19  Repealed. 

20  . Ch.  23,  §168 

21  . Ch.  14,  §70 

22  . Ch.  23,  §187 

23,  24 . Ch.  23,  §80 

25  . Ch.  23,  §81 

26  Omitted;  covered  by - Ch.  23,  §142 

27  . Ch.  23,  §81 

28-39  Covered  by . Ch.  5,  §§210-215 

40,  41 . Ch.  10,  §69 

43  . Ch.  23,  §133 

44  . Ch.  23,  §162 

45... . Ch.  23,  §188 

46  . Ch.  23,  §210 

47  . Ch.  23,  §136 

48  . Ch.  23,  §140 

49,  50 . . . Ch.  19,  §11 


51  Repealed  by  Ord.  effective 
Feb.  9,  1915. 


PART  V;  ORDINANCES  RELATING  TO 


FLUSHING. 

§1 . Ch.  23,  §80 

2  Omitted;  conflicts  with  Char¬ 
ter,  §993. 

3..' . Ch.  23,  §180 

4  . Ch.  23,  §180 

5  . ..Ch.  23,  §182 

6. . Ch.  23,  §§61-63 

7  . Ch.  23,  §186 

8  . Ch.  23,  §181 

9  Repealed. 

10  . Ch.  23,  §168 

11  . Ch.  23,  §90 

12  . Ch.  23,  §96 

13  Omitted ;  covered  by  Penal 
Law,  §1431. 


Code  of 


1906.  Code  of  1916. 

14,  15.. . Ch.  21^  §10 

16  . Ch.  21,  §12 

17  . Ch.  21,  §10 

18  . Ch.  27,  §10 

PART  VI;  ORDINANCES  RELATING 
TO  JAMAICA. 

§1..., . Ch.  23,  §80 

2 . Ch.  23,  §130;  Ch.  12,  §6 

PART  VII;  ORDINANCES  RELATING 
TO  RICHMOND  HILL. 

§§1,  2 . Ch.  23,  §140 

PART  VIII;  ORDINANCES  RELATING 
TO  FAR  ROCKAWAY. 

§1 . Ch.  23,  §130 

2  . Ch.  24,  §34 

3  . Ch.  27,  §3 

4  . Ch.  23,  §10 

5  Omitted ;  covered  by  Penal 
Law,  §1221. 

6  . . . Ch.  24,  §40 

7  . Ch.  23,  §251 

8  . Ch.  23,  §§140,  143 

9  . Ch.  19,  §33 

10  . .Ch.  25,  §43 

11  . Ch.  23,  §142 

12  . Ch.  23,  §90 

13  . Ch.  23,  §3 

14  . . . Ch.  23,  §140 

15-19 . Ch.  12,  §5 

20-21 . ...Ch.  27,  §10 

PART  IX;  ORDINANCES  RELATING 


TO  ROCKAWAY  BEACH. 


§1  Omitted;  covered  by . Ch.  23,  §130 

2  Omitted;  covered  by . Ch.  24,  §34 

3  . Ch.  23,  §140 

4 . Ch.  25,  §43 

5,  6 . Ch.  23,  §80 

6a . Ch.  18,  §33 

7  . ’. . Ch.  12,  §6 

8  . Ch.  24,  §16 

9  . Ch.  23,  §90 

1C . Ch.  23,  §142 

11  . Ch.  23,  §3 

12  . Ch.  23,  §142 


666 


GENERAL  ORDINANCES  REPEALED. 


Code  of 
1906. 


Code  of  1916. 


Code  of 
1906. 


Code  of  1916. 


13 . Ch.  23,  §10 


AC . 

14-17 . 

..Ch.  14,  §170 

18  Omitted;  covered 

by 

Penal 

Law,  §1221. 

19 . 

....Ch.  27,  §3 

20 . 

...Ch.  27,  §10 

21  Redundant. 

22-25 . 

.Ch. 

23,  §§145,*  146 

26 . 

...Ch.  23,  §90 

27 . 

...Ch.  23,  §98 

28 . 

...Ch.  27,  §10 

PART  X;  ORDINANCES  RELATING 
TO  ARVERNE. 


§1 . Ch.  23,  §130 

2  Redundant. 

3  Omitted;  covered  by  Penal 
Law,  §1141a. 

4,  5 . Ch.  12,  §5,  subd.  3 

7  . Ch.  25,  §43 

8  . Ch.  23,  §80 

9  . Ch.  23,  §90 

10  . Ch.  19,  §33 

11  . Ch.  12,  §6 

12  . Ch.  24,  §40 

13  . Ch.  23,  §80 

14  . Ch.  23,  §142 

15  . Ch.  23,  §3 

16  . Ch.  23,  §142 

17  . Ch.  23,  §10 

18  . Ch.  23.  §11 

19,  20 . Ch.  14,  §170 

21. . . Ch.  27,  §10 

22  Redundant. 

23-25 . Ch.  23,  §146 

26 . Ch.  23,  §90 

27,  28 . Ch.  27,  §10 


PART  XI;  ORDINANCES  RELATING 
TO  PORT  RICHMOND. 


§1 . Ch.  27,  §3 

2  . '....Ch.  23,  §222 

3  . Ch.  23,  §80 

4  Omitted  ;  conflicts  with  Charter, 

§993. 

5  . Ch.  23,  §182 

6  . Ch.  23,  §185 

7  Repealed. 


8  . Ch.  23,  §186 

9  Repealed. 

10  . Ch.  23,  §90 

11  . Ch.  23,  §96 

12  Omitted;  covered  by  Penal 

Law,  §1431. 

13  Redundant. 


PART  XII;  ORDINANCES  RELATING 
TO  NEW  BRIGHTON. 


§§1-3 . Ch.  23,  §142 

4  . Ch.  23,  §80 

5  . Ch.  23,  §140 

6  . Ch.  23,  §82 

7  . Ch.  23,  §90 

8.. . Ch.  23,  §96 

9  Omitted ;  covered  by  Penal 

Law,  §1431. 

10  . Ch.  23,  §3 

11  . Ch.  23,  §130 

12  . Ch.  23,  §11 

13  . Ch.  27,  §3 

PART  XIII;  ORDINANCES  RELATING 
TO  EDGEWATER. 

§1 . Ch.  19,  §33 

2 . Ch.  19,  §32 


PART  XIV;  ORDINANCES  RELATING 
TO  RICHMOND. 


§§1-3 . Ch.  23,  §90 

4  . Ch.  23,  §96 

5  . Ch.  23,  §3 

6  . Ch.  23,  §96 

7-9 . Ch.  23,  §92 

10  . Ch.  23,  §96 

11  . Ch.  23,  §97 

12  . Ch.  21,  §12 

13,  14... . .Ch.  23,  §97 

15  . Ch.  23,  §91 

16  . Ch.  23,  §140 

17  . Ch.  23,  §144 

18  . Ch.  23,  §142 

19  . Ch.  23,  §187 

20  Omitted ;  seems  to  be  unnecessary. 

21  . Ch.  23,  §92 

22  . Ch.  23,  §93 

23  . Ch.  23,  §98 


667 


TABLE  OF  DISPOSITION. 


Code  of 

1906.  Code  of  1916. 

24,  25 . Ch.  23,  §180 

26 . Ch.  23,  §180 

PART  XV;  ORDINANCES  RELATING 
TO  QUEENS,  RICHMOND  AND 
THE  BRONX. 

§1 . Ch.  27,  §8 

2 . Ch.  20,  §12 

3,  4 . Ch.  23,  §180 

5 . Ch.  23,  §180 

6-12 . Ch.  23,  §160 


PART  XVI;  PENALTY  CLAUSE. 

Ch.  27,  §10 

REGULATIONS  OF  THE  MUNICIPAL 
EXPLOSIVES  COMMISSION. 


§1 . Ch.  10,  §1,  subd.  31 

2  . Ch.  10,  §1,  subd.  38 

3  . Ch.  10,  §1,  subd.  2 

4  . Ch.  10,  §1,  subd.  7 

5  . Ch.  10,  §1,  subd.  9 

6  . Ch.  10,  §1,  subd.  6 

7  . Ch.  10,  §1,  subd.  42 

8  . Ch.  10,  §1,  subd.  41 

9  . Ch.  10,  §1,  subd.  5 

10  Omitted,  redundant. 

11  . Ch.  10,  §1,  subd.  14 

12  . Ch.  10,  §1,  subd.  21 

13  . Ch.  10,  §1,  subd.  37 

14  . Ch.  10,  §1,  subd.  3 

15  . Ch.  10,  §1,  subd.  35  i 

16  . Ch.  10,  §1,  subd.  2  I 

17  . Ch.  10,  §1,  subd.  4 

18  . Ch.  10,  §1,  subd.  36  1 

19  . Ch.  10,  §1,  subd.  1  ( 

20  . Ch.  10,  §1,  subd.  17 

21  . Ch.  10,  §1,  subd.  26 

22  . Ch.  10,  §1,  subd.  43 

23  . Ch.  10,  §1,  subd.  24 

23a . Ch.  10,  §1,  subd.  18 

24  . Ch.  10,  §1,  subd.  22 

25  . Ch.  10,  §1,  subd.  11 

26  . Ch.  10,  §1,  subd.  27 

27  . .Ch.  10,  §1,  subd.  19 

27a . Ch.  10,  §1,  subd.  33 

27b . Ch.  10,  §1,  subd.  32 

28  . Ch.  10,  §1,  subd.  28 


Code  of 

1906. 

Code  of  1916. 

29 . 

....Ch.  10,  §1,  subd.  12 

30 . 

....Ch.  10,  §1,  subd.  39 

31 . 

.  ...Ch.  10,  §1,  subd.  20 

32 . 

33 . 

....Ch.  10,  §1,  subd.  23 

34 . 

....Ch.  10,  §1,  subd.  30 

34a . 

....Ch.  10,  §1,  subd.  25 

34b*. . 

....Ch.  10,  §1,  subd.  13 

35 . 

....Ch.  10,  §1,  subd.  40 

36 . 

37 . 

38 . 

. Ch.  12,  §24 

38a . 

....Ch.  10,  §1,  subd.  16 

38b  Omitted ;  redundant. 

39 . 

....Ch.  10,  §1,  subd.  20 

40 . 

. Ch.  10,  §20 

41 . 

....Ch.  10,  §21,  subd.  1 

42 . 

....Ch.  10,  §21,  subd.  1 

43,44 . 

....Ch.  10,  §21,  subd.  2 

45-47 . 

. Ch.  10,  §22 

48 . 

. Ch.  10,  §23 

49 . 

...Ch.  10,  §24,  subd.  2 

50 . 

. Ch.  10,  §26 

51 . 

....Ch.  10,  §24,  subd.  1 

52 . 

. Ch.  10,  §27 

53 . 

....Ch.  10,  §25,  subd.  1 

53a . 

...  .Ch.  10,  §25,  subd.  2 

54 . 

. Ch.  10,  §20 

55 . 

. Ch.  10,  §2 

56 . 

. . Ch.  10,  §7 

57 . 

. Ch.  10.  §5 

58  As  amended 

by  Ord.  of  July 

24,  1914 . 

. Ch.  10,  §40 

59 . 

. Ch.  10,  §6 

60 . 

. Ch.  10,  §300 

61 . 

. Ch.  10,  §4 

62 . 

. Ch.  10,  §3 

63 . 

. Ch.  10,  §3 

64 . 

. Ch.  10,  §44 

65-67 . 

. Ch.  10,  §42 

68-72 . 

. Ch.  10,  §§41-42 

73-78 . 

. Ch.  10,  §43 

79-81 . 

. Ch.  10,  §§41,43 

82 . 

. Ch.  10,  §43 

83,84 . 

. Ch.  10,  §41,43 

85-121 . 

. Ch.  10,  §43 

122 . 

....Ch.  12,  §24.  subd.  2 

123 . 

....Ch.  12,  §25,  subd.  1 

124  Omitted;  see 

. Ch.  12,  §6 

668 


GENERAL  ORDINANCES  REPEALED. 


Code  of 

1906.  Code  of  1916. 


125  . Ch.  10,  §§60,61 

126  . Ch.  10,  §61 

127  . Ch.  10,  §61,  subd.  6 

128-130  Omitted;  covered  by  Ch. 

10,  §20. 

131  . Ch.  10,  §61,  subd.  3 

132  . Ch.  10,  §61,  subd.  5 

133  . Ch.  10,  §61,  subd.  2 

134  . Ch.  10,  §61,  subd.  3 

135  . Ch.  10,  §62,  subd.  1,2 

136  . Ch.  10,  §62,  subd.  3 

137  . Ch.  10,  §62,  subd.  4 

138-139 . Ch.  10,  §61,  subd.  4 

140  . Ch.  10,  §61,  subd.  3,4 

141  . Ch.  10,  §64,  subd.  1 

142  . Ch.  10,  §64,  subd.  2 

143  . Ch.  10,  §64,  subd.  9 

144  . Ch.  10,  §64,  subd.  5 

145  . Ch.  10,  §64,  subd.  10 

146-147 . Ch.  10,  §64,  subd.  3 

148  . ..Ch.  10,  §64,  subd.  4 

149  . Ch.  10,  §64,  subd.  6 

150  . Ch.  10,  §64,  subd.  4 

151  . Ch.  10,  §64,  subd.  10 

152  . Ch.  10,  §64,  subd.  7 

153  . Ch.  10,  §64,  subd.  8 

154  . Ch.  10,  §65,  subd.  2 

155, 156 . Ch.  10,  §65,  subd.  4 

157 . Ch.  10,  §65,  subds.  2,  3 

158. . Ch.  10,  §65,  subd.  2 

159  . Ch.  10,  §65,  subd.  5 

160  . Ch.  10,  §66 

161  . Ch.  10,  §63,  subd.  1 

162  . Ch.  10,  §63,  subd.  2 

163  Omitted;  covered  by _ Ch.  10,  §20 

164  . Ch.  10,  §63,  subd.  4 

165  . Ch.  10,  §63,  subd.  5 

166  . Ch.  10,  §63,  subd.  9 

167-169 . Ch.  10,  §63,  subd.  8 

170  . Ch.  10,  §63,  subd.  6 

171  . Ch.  10,  §63,  subd.  7 

172  . Ch.  10,  §63,  subd.  8 

173  As  amended  by  Ord.  of  Sept.  5, 

1913,  Ch.  10,  §63.  subds.  10.  12, 

174,  175 . Ch.  10,  §63,  subd.  12 

176  . . Ch.  10,  §63,  subd.  11 

177  . Ch.  10,  §63,  subd.  3 

178  . Ch.  10,  §63,  subd.  12 

179  . Ch.  10,  §69,  subds,  1,2 


Code  of 


1906.  Code  of  1916. 


180 . Ch.  10,  §69,  subd.  5 

181,  182 . Ch.  10,  §69,  subd.  3 

183 . Ch.  10,  §69,  subd.  6 

184-185 . Ch.  10,  §69,  subd.  2 

186 . Ch.  10,  §69,  subd.  3 

187, 188 . Ch.  10,  §69,  subd.  7 

189  . Ch.  10,  §69,  subd.  4 

190  . Ch.  10,  §60 

191  . Ch.  10,  §67,  subd.  1 

192  . Ch.  10,  §20 

193  . Ch.  10,  §67,  subd.  4 

194  . Ch.  10,  §67,  subd.  3 

195  . Ch.  10,  §67,  subd.  3 

196,  197 . Ch.  10,  §67,  subd.  5 

198, 199 . Ch.  10,  §67,  subd.  2 

200  . Ch.  10,  §67,  subd.  6 

201  . Ch.  10,  §60 

202  . Ch.  10,  §68,  subd.  1 

203-204 . Ch.  10,  §68,  subd.  2 

205  . Ch.  10,  §68,  subd.  5 

206  . Ch.  10,  §68,  subd.  6 

207  . Ch.  10,  §68,  subd.  3 

208  . Ch.  10,  §68,  subd.  4 

209  . Ch.  10,  §300 

210,211 . Ch.  10,  §80 

212  . Ch.  10,  §81,  subd.  1 

213  Omitted;  covered  by . Ch.  10,  §20 

214  . Ch.  10,  §81,  subd.  4 

215  . Ch.  10,  §81,  subd.  3 

216  . Ch.  10,  §81,  subd.  2 

217  . Ch.  10,  §81,  subd.  5 

218  . Ch.  10,  §81,  subd.  6 

219  . Ch.  10,  §300 

220  . Ch.  10,  §§90,  92,  subd.  2 

221  . Ch.  10,  §90,  subd.  1 

222  Omitted;  covered  by . Ch.  10,  §20 

223..... . Chi  10,  §90,  subd.  2 

224  . Ch.  10,  §8 

225  . Ch.  10,  §91 

226  . Ch.  10,  §90,  subd.  4 

227  . Ch.  10,  §90,  subd.  5 

228,229 . Ch.  10,  §90,  subd.  3 

230  . Ch.  10,  §92,  subd.  1 

231  . Ch.  10,  §92,  subd.  2 

232  . Ch.  10,  §92,  subd.  3 

233  . Ch.  10,  §92,  subd.  4 

234  . Ch.  10,  §8 

235  . Ch.  10,  §92,  subd.  9 

236  . Ch.  10,  §92,  subd.  10 


TABLE  OF  DISPOSITION. 


Code  of 

1906.  Code  of  1916. 


237  . Ch.  10,  §92,  subd.  8 

238  . Ch.  10,  §93,  subd.  1 

239  . Ch.  10,  §94 

240  . Ch.  10,  §92,  subd.  7 

241  . Ch.  10,  §93,  subd.  1 

242,243 . Ch.  10,  §92,  subd.  6 

244 . ! . Ch.  10,  §92,  subd.  5 

245.. .. . Ch.  10,  §95,  subd.  1 

246  . Ch.  10,  §43 

247  . Ch.  10,  §95,  subds.  1,6 

248  . Ch.  10,  §95,  subd.  7 

249  . Ch.  10,  §93 

250  . Ch.  10,  §95.  subd.  3 

251  . Ch.  10,  §95,  subd.  2 

252.253.. . . Ch.  10,  §95,  subd.  5 

254  Omitted;  covered  by . Ch.  11,  §4 

255  . Ch.  10,  §95,  subd.  4 

256  . Ch.  10,  §300 

257.. .. Ch.  10,  §100,  subd.  1;  §101,  subd.  1 

258  . Ch.  10,  §103 

259  . Ch.  10,  §20 

260  . ..Ch.  10,  §100,  subd.  2 

261  . Ch.  10,  §20 

262  . Ch.  10,  §101,  subd.  2 

263,264 . Ch.  10,  §101.  subd.  1 

265  . Ch.  10,  §102 

266  . Ch.  10,  §22 

267,  268 . Ch.  10,  §102,  subd.  1 

269  . Ch.  10,  §102,  subd.  5 

270  . Ch.  10,  §102,  subd.  3 

271  . Ch.  10,  §102,  subd.  4 

272  . ‘ . Ch.  10,  §102,  subd.  2 

273  . Ch.  10,  §102,  subd.  3 

274  . Ch.  10,  §300 

275  . Ch.  10,  §110 

276,277 . Ch.  10,  §20 

278  . Ch.  10,  §110 

279  . Ch.  10,  §113,  subd.  1 

280  . Ch.  10,  §111,  subd.  1 

281  . Ch.  10,  §20 

282  . Ch.  10,  §111,  subd.  5 

283..  . Ch.  10,  §111,  subd.  6 

284,  285 . Ch.  10,  §111,  subd.  5 

286  . Ch.  10,  §111,  subd.  2 

287  . Ch.  10,  §111,  subd.  4 

288  . Ch.  10,  §111,  subd.  3 

289  . Ch.  10,  §111,  subd.  7 

290.. ... . Ch.  10,  §111,  subd.  8 

291.. . . Ch.  10,  §111,  subd.  1 


Code  of 

1906.  Code  of  1916. 


292 . Ch.  10,  §112,  subd.  2 

293,  294 . Ch.  10,  §114,  subd.  4 

295  . Ch.  10,  §114,  subd.  2 

296  . Ch.  10,  §114,  subd.  1 

297  . Ch.  10,  §20 

298  . .  Ch.  10,  §112,  subd.  2 

299  . Ch.  10,  §8 

300  . Ch.  10,  §117 

301  . Ch.  10,  §113,  subd.  2 

302  . Ch.  10,  §114,  subd.  3 

303-305 . Ch.  10,  §113,  subd.  3 

306  . Ch.  10,  §20 

307  . Ch.  10,  §115,  subd.  3 

308  . Ch.  10,  §115,  subd.  1 

309  . Ch.  10,  §116 

310  . Ch.  10,  §115,  subd.  2 

311  . Ch.  10,  §300 

312-314 . Ch.  10,  §130 

315,  316 . Ch.  10,  §20 

317  . Ch.  10,  §131,  subd.  2 

318  . Ch.  10,  §131,  subd.  12 

319.. . Ch.  10,  §131,  subd.  11 

320 . Ch.  10,  §131,  subd.  1 

321-324 . Ch.  10,  §131,  subd.  13 

325 . Ch.  10,  §131,  subd.  9 

326-329 . Ch.  10,  §131,  subd.  6 

330,  331 . Ch.  10,  §131,  subd.  14 

332 . Ch.  10,  §131,  subd.  5 

333,  334 . Ch.  10,  §131,  subd.  8 

335,  336 . Ch.  10,  §131,  subd.  15 

337  . Ch.  10,  §131,  subd.  10 

338  . Ch.  10,  §131,  subd.  4 

339  . Ch.  10,  §131,  subd.  8 

340  . Ch.  10,  §131,  subd.  7 

341  . Ch.  10,  §131,  subd.  16 

342  . Ch.  10,  §8 

343  . Ch.  10,  §131,  subd.  16 

344,  345 . Ch.  10,  §131,  subd.  3 

346  . Ch.  10,  §132,  subd.  2 

347  . Ch.  10,  §20 

348  . Ch.  10,  §132,  subd.  2 

349  . Ch.  10,  §132,  subd.  1 

350  . Ch.  10,  §20 

351  Repealed. 

352  . Ch.  10,  §300 

353,  354 . Ch.  10,  §140 

355  . Ch.  10,  §20 

356  . Ch.  10,  §141,  subd.  1 

357,  358 . Ch.  10,  §141,  subd.  2 


670 


GENERAL  ORDINANCES  REPEALED. 


Code  of 

1906. 

Code  of  1916. 

Code  of 
1906. 

Code  of  1916. 

359 . 

.Ch. 

10,  §142,  subd.  1 

422 . 

. . Ch.  10,  §176 

360 . 

. Ch.  10,  §20 

423 . 

. .  .Ch.  10,  §177,  subd.  3 

361 . 

.Ch. 

10,  §142,  subd.  1 

424-430., 

. Ch.  10,  §176 

362 . 

. Ch.  10,  §20 

431 . 

...Ch.  10,  §177,  subd.  4 

363,  364 . 

.Ch. 

10,  §142,  subd.  2 

432...,. 

..Ch.  10,  §179,  subd.  1 

365 . 

....Ch.  10,  §300 

433 . 

...Ch.  10,  §177,  subd.  2 

366 . 

....Ch.  10,  §150 

434 . 

...Ch.  10,  §178,  subd.  1 

367  Omitted ; 

covered  by 

435 . 

...Ch.  10,  §178,  subd.  2- 

Ch. 

10,  §114,  subd.  2 

436 . 

. .  .  Ch.  10,  §179,  subd.  3 

368,  369 . 

. Ch.  10,  §20 

437...,. 

...Ch.  10,  §179,  subd.  4 

370 . 

....Ch.  10,  §151 

438 . 

...Ch.  10,  §179,  subd.  5 

370a  As  amended  by  Ord.  of 

439 . 

. Ch.  10,  §8 

May  29,  1914.... 

. Ch.  10,  §152 

440 . 

...Ch.$10,  §179,  subd.  2 

371  Obsolete. 

441 . 

. Ch.  10,  §300 

372 . 

....Ch.  10,  §154 

442-449 

Repealed. 

373 . 

....Ch.  10,  §154 

450 . 

. Ch.  10,  §200 

374 . 

.Ch. 

10,  §154,  subd.  2 

451 . 

. Ch.  10,  §20 

375 . 

....Ch.  10,  §153 

452 . 

. Ch.  10,  §201 

376..... . 

....Ch.  10,  §155 

453 . 

. Ch.  10,  §20 

377 . 

....Ch.  10,  §156 

454 . 

. Ch.  10,  §300 

378....  Ch.  10, 

§§156, 

subd.  3;  157,  subd.  1 

455 . 

. Ch.  10,  §205 

379-390 . 

....Ch.  10,  §156 

456 . 

. Ch.  10,  §20 

391 . 

.Ch. 

10,  §157,  subd.  2 

457 . 

. Ch.  10,  §207 

392 . 

.Ch. 

10,  §157,  subd.  3 

458 . 

...Ch.  10,  §206,  subd.  2 

393,  394 . 

* 

.Ch. 

10,  §156,  subd.  2 

459 . 

...Ch.  10,  §206,  subd.  3 

395 . 

.Ch. 

10,  §156,  subd.  2 

460,  461. 

...Ch.  10,  §206,  subd.  1 

396. . 

.Ch. 

10,  §155,  subd.  3 

462 . 

. Ch.  10,  §300 

397 . 

.Ch. 

10,  §155,  subd.  2 

463,  464. 

. Ch.  10,  §210 

398 . 

.Ch. 

10,  §155,  subd.  4 

465 . 

...Ch.  10,  §211,  subd.  7 

399 . 

....Ch.  10,  §158 

466 . 

...Ch.  10,  §211,  subd.  2 

400 . 

.Ch. 

10,  §159,  subd.  1 

467 . 

...Ch.  10,  §211,  subd.  4 

401 . 

.Ch. 

10,  §157,  subd.  4 

468 . 

, . .  Ch.  10,  §211,  subd.  1 

402 . 

. Ch.  10,  §8 

469 . 

...Ch.  10,  §212,  subd.  8 

403 . 

.Ch. 

10,  §159,  subd.  2 

470.. Ch. 

10,  §§211, 

subd.  3,  and  212,  subd.  8 

404 . 

.Ch. 

10,  §159,  subd.  3 

471 . 

..Ch.  10,  §211,  subd.  5 

405 . 

.Ch. 

10,  §159,  subd.  4 

472 . 

..Ch.  10,  §211,  subd.  6 

406 . 

....Ch.  10,  §300 

473 . 

. Ch.  10,  §20 

407,  408 . 

. Ch.  10,  §170 

474 . 

...Ch.  10,  §212,  subd.  6 

409 . 

. Ch.  10,  §20 

475-477. 

...Ch.  10,  §212,  subd.  8 

410 . 

.Ch. 

10,  §171,  subd.  1 

478 . 

...Ch.  10,  §212,  subd.  1 

411 . 

.Ch. 

10,  §171,  subd.  2 

479 . 

...Ch.  10,  §212,  subd.  5 

412 . 

....Ch.  10,  §300 

480-481 . 

...Ch.  10,  §212,  subd.  4 

413 . 

....Ch.  10,  §175 

482 . 

...Ch.  10,  §212,  subd.  2 

414,  415 . 

.....Ch.  10,  §20 

483-485. 

.  ..Ch.  10,  §212,  subd.  3 

416 . 

....Ch.  10,  §176 

486 . 

...Ch.  10,  §212,  subd.  2 

417 . 

.Ch. 

10,  §178,  subd.  3 

487 . 

..Ch.  10,  §212,  subd.  11 

418 . 

....Ch.  10,  §176 

488 . 

..Ch.  10,  §212,  subd.  10 

419 . 

.Ch. 

10,  §177,  subd.  1 

489 . 

...Ch.  10,  §212,  subd.  9 

420,  421 . 

. Ch.  10,  §176 

490 . 

.  ..Ch.  10,  §212,  subd.  7 

67 1 


TABLE  OF  DISPOSITION. 


Code  of 


1906.  Code  of  1916. 


491  . Ch.  10,  §213,  subd.  3 

492  . Ch.  10,  §213,  subd.  4 

493  . Ch.  10,  §213,  subd.  1 

494  . Ch.  10,  §213,  subd.  2 

495  . Ch.  10,  §300 

496  . Ch.  10,  §230 

497,  498 . Ch.  10,  §231 

499: . Ch.  10,  §61,  subd.  2 

500  . Ch.  10,  §232,  subd.  1 

501  . Ch.  10,  §20 

502  . :Ch.  10,  §232,  subd.  2 

503  . Ch.  10,  §232,  subd.  4 

504  . Ch.  10,  §232,  subd.  3 

505  . Ch.  10,  §234,  subd.  1 

506  . Ch.  10,  §8 

507... . Ch.  10,  §232,  subd.  5 

508  . .....Ch.  10,  §234,  subd.  2 

509  . Ch.  10,  §233,  subd.  1 

510  . Ch.  10,  §233,  subd.  2 

511  . Ch.  10,  §233,  subd.  3 

512  . Ch.  10,  §20 

513  . Ch.  10,  §233,  subd.  3 

514  . Ch.  10,  §300 

£15 . Ch.  10,  §240 

516 . .‘..Ch.  10,  §20 

517,  518 . Ch.  10,  §241 

£19,  520 . Ch.  10,  §242 

521,  522 . Ch.  10,  §243,  subd.  1 

523  . Ch.  10,  §243,  subd.  2 

524  . Ch.  10,  §243,  subd.  3 

525  . Ch.  10,  §244,  subd.  1 

526  . Ch.  10,  §244,  subd.  2 

527  . Ch.  10,  §243 

528  . Ch.  10,  §300 

529,  530 . Ch.  10,  §250 

531  . Ch.  10,  §20 

532  . Ch.  10,  §251 

533  . Ch.  10,  §252 

534  . Ch.  10,  §300 

535  . Ch.  10,  §255 

536  . Ch.  10,  §20 

537  . Ch.  10,  §256 

538,539 . ..Ch.  10,  §255 

540  . Ch.  10,  §300 

541  . Ch.  10,  §260 

542,543 . Ch.  10,  §20 

544 . Ch.  10,  §261 


Code  of 


1906.  Code  of  1916. 


545 . Ch.  10,  §260 

■546 . Ch.  10,  §262 

547  . Ch.  10,  §300 

548  . . . Ch.  10,  §270 

549  . Ch.  10,  §20 

550  . Ch.  10,  §272 

551  . Ch.  10,  §275 

552,553 . Ch.  10,  §276 

554  . Ch.  10,  §278 

555  . Ch.  10,  §277,  subd.  1 

556-558 . Ch.  10,  §277,  subd.  2 

559  . Ch.  10,  §271 

560  . Ch.  10,  §277,  subd.  3 

561  . Ch.  10,  §279,  subd.  1 

562  . Ch.  10,  §279,  subd.  3 

563  . Ch.  10,  §279,  subd.  1 

564  . Ch.  10,  §279,  subd.  2 

565  . .’ . Ch.  10,  §274,  subd.  1 

566  . Ch.  10,  §274,  subd.  2 

567  . Ch.  10,  §273,  subd.  1 

568  . Ch.  10,  §273,  subd.  2 

569..  . Ch.  10,  §8 

570  . Ch.  10,  §300 

571  . Ch.  10,  §290 

572  . Ch.  10,  §20 

573  . Ch.  10,  §290 

574-575 . Ch.  10,  §291 

576  . Ch.  10,  §292,  subd.  1 

577  . Ch.  10,  §292,  subd.  2 

578.. ..  . . Ch.  10,  §293,  subd.  1 

579  . Ch.  10,  §293,  subd.  2 

580  . Ch.  10,  §300 

581  . Ch.  12,  §24,  subd.  2 

582  . Ch.  10,  §20 

583  . Ch.  12,  §24,  subd.  3 

584  . Ch.  12,  §24,  subd.  4 

585  . .Ch.  12,  §24,  subd.  5 

586  . Ch.  12,  §30 

587  . Ch.  12,  §25,  subd.  1 

588  . Ch.  10,  §20 

589,590 . Ch.  12,  §25 

591,  592 . Ch.  12,  §25 

593 . Ch.  12,  §30 

594-597 . Ch.  12,  §6 

598  . Ch.  12,  §30 

599  . Ch.  10,  §8 

600  . Ch.  10,  §9 


672 


GENERAL  ORDINANCES  REPEALED. 


MISCELLANEOUS  GENERAL  ORDINANCES,  WHICH  HAVE  TAKEN  EFFECT 
SINCE  JANUARY  1,  1911,  REPEALED  BY  EXISTING  CODE. 


Ord.: 

Effective. 

Feb. 

7, 

1911 

Feb. 

14, 

1911 

Feb. 

16, 

1911 

Feb. 

28, 

1911 

Mar. 

7, 

1911 

Mar. 

21, 

1911 

Apr. 

4, 

1911 

Apr. 

25, 

1911 

May 

2, 

1911 

May 

23, 

1911 

May 

23, 

1911 

May 

23, 

1911 

June 

27, 

1911 

June 

27, 

1911 

July 

31, 

1911 

July 

31, 

1911 

July 

31, 

1911 

Dec. 

2, 

1911 

Dec. 

26, 

1911 

Dec. 

27, 

1911 

Dec. 

27, 

1911 

Jan. 

1, 

1912 

Jan. 

1, 

1912 

Feb. 

6, 

1912 

Feb. 

20, 

1912 

Mar. 

19, 

1912 

Apr. 

6, 

1912 

Apr. 

16, 

1912 

Apr. 

16, 

1912 

Apr. 

16, 

1912 

May 

14, 

1912 

June 

11, 

1912 

July 

2, 

1912 

July 

2, 

1912 

July 

2, 

1912 

July 

9, 

1912 

July 

24, 

1912 

July 

24, 

1912 

Sept. 

24, 

1912 

Sept. 

24, 

1912 

Nov. 

12, 

1912 

Nov. 

25, 

1912 

Dec. 

24, 

1912 

Dec. 

24, 

1912 

Jan. 

6, 

1913 

Feb. 

11, 

1913 

Relating  to 


Location  in  Code. 


Pistol  permits . Repealed  by  the  “Sullivan  Law” 

Discharge  of  firearms . Ch.  11,  §2 

Ticket  speculators  . Held  invalid  by  courts 

Theatre  licenses  . Ch.  3,  §3 

Harlem  Yacht  Club . Ch.  11,  §2 

Queensboro  bridge  market  . Ch.  15,  §26 

Toilets  in  markets  . 

Aus-Per-Ite  Gun  Club.  Repealed. 

Bureau  of  weights  and  measures . Ch.  26,  §§1-4,  12 

County  clerks’  fees;  Queens . Ch.  27,  §8 

Peddlers  . . . Ch.  24,  §13,  subd.  2 

Powhattan  Rifle  Team.  Repealed. 

Dogs . Superseded  by  Ch.  20,  §17 

Libraries  in  prisons  and  charitable  institutions . Ch.  6,  §3;  Ch.  7,  §2 

Stands  within  stoop-lines . . . Ch.  23,  §150 

House  numbering . Ch.  23,  §§110-113 

Bridge  tolls  . Redundant 

Stimmel  Rod  and  Gun  Club . Ch.  11,  §2 

Stands  within  stoop-lines . Ch.  23,  §150 

Water  charges  . Ch.  25,  §20 

Barber  poles  . Ch.  23,  §146,  subd.  2 

Public  hacks  . Superseded  by  ord.  of  June  2,  1913 

Fire-prevention ;  obstruction  of  aisles  and  passageways  of 

theatres . Ch.  3,  §§9;  ch.  11,  §§20,  21 

Queens  Club.  Repealed. 

City  owned  automobiles  . Ch.  24,  §33 

Peddlers  . ....: . Ch.  23,  §133 

School-streets  . Ch.  23,  §132 

Motor-vehicles;  mufflers,  smoke . Ch.  24,  §36 

Gutter-bridges;  carriageways  across  sidewalks . Ch.  23,  §251 

House  numbering . Ch.  23,  §§110-112 

Ornamental  lampposts . Repealed  by  ord.  of  July  24,  1912 

Peddlers  . Ch.  24,  §13 

Sewer-connections  . Ch.  21,  12 

Richmond  Co.  Agricultural  Soc.  Repealed. 

Right  of  way . Ch.  24,  §15,  subd.  2 

Electric  signs . Ch.  23,  §215 

Peddlers  . Ch.  24,  §13 

Ornamental  lampposts  . Ch.  23,  §146,  subd.  3 

Public  garages . .....Ch.  14,  §108 

Awnings . Ch.  23,  §40 

College  Point  Gun  Club....' . Ch.  11,  §2 

Municipal  court  house  site . Omitted;  a  special  ordinance 

Contractors’  bonds . Omitted;  repealing  ord. 

Clausen  Point  Rod  and  Gun  Club;  repealed . Ch.  11,  §2 

Peddlers  . Repealed 

Horse-troughs  on  Bushwick  ave . Repealed 


673 


TABLE  OF  DISPOSITION. 


Ord.  Effective. 


Relating  to 


Location  in  Code. 


Feb.  11,  1913 
Mar.  11,  1913 
Mar.  25,  1913 
Mar.  25,  1913 
Apr.  29,  1913 
Apr.  29,  1913 
Apr.  29,  1913 
May  13,  1913 
May  6,  1913 
May  20,  1913 
May  20,  1913 
June  2,  1913 
June  10,  1913 
June  10,  1913 
June  17,  1913 
June  24,  1914 
July  8,  1913 
July  8,  1913 
July  8,  1913 
July  15,  1913 
Sept.  23,  1913 
Oct.  8,  1913 
Oct.  28,  1913 

Nov.  11,  1913 
Nov.  11,  1913 
Nov.  11,  1913 
Nov.  25,  1913 
Dec.  3,  1913 
Feb.  24,  1914 
Mar.  3,  1914 
Mar.  14,  1914 

Mar.  14,  1914 
Mar.  4,  1914 
Mar.  18,  1914 
Mar.  24,  1914 
Mar.  31,  1914 
Mar.  31,  1914 
Apr.  2,  1914 
Apr.  14,  1914 
Apr.  14,  1914 
Apr.  14,  1914 
Apr.  28,  1914 
May  4,  1914 
May  5,  1914 
May  12,  1914 
May  19,  1914 
May  29,  1914 


Peddlers . Ch.  24,  §13,  subd.  2 

Municipal  court  house  site . Omitted;  a  special  ordinance 

Pistol  permits . . Superseded  by  the  “Sullivan  Law” 

School  fire-drills . Ch.  12,  §22 

Speed  regulations . Ch.  24,  §17 

.  Street-cleaning . . Ch.  22,  §10,  subd.  2 

Street  vaults . Ch.  23,  §240,  subd.  6 

Non-resident  officeholders . Ch.  16,  §1 

Sewers  and  drains . Ch.  21,  §§11,  12 

Creation  of  new  markets . Ch.  15,  §§20,  26 

Peddlers . Ch.  24,  §13,  subd.  2 

Public  hacks . Ch.  14,  §8 

Water-rates . Ch.  25,  §21 

Water-rents . . Omitted;  repealing  ordinance 

Union  square  market . Ch.  15,  §27 

Municipal  office-hours . Ch.  16,  §3 

Motion  picture  theatre  licenses . Ch.  3,  §32 

Motion  picture  theatres,  license  fees . Ch.  3,  §32 

Motion  picture  theatres,  generally . Ch.  3,  art.  2;  ch.  5,  art.  24 

Distribution  of  ordinances . Omitted;  a  rule  of  the  board 

Municipal  contracts . . Ch.  2,  §66 

Lights  on  vehicles . Ch.  24,  §11 

Reinstatement  of  firemen  and  policemen, 

Omitted;  covered  by  charter,  §1543a,  as  amended  by  L.  1915,  ch.  79 
Board  of  water  supply  police. ..  .Redundant ;  covered  by  charter,  §276b 

Motion  picture  theatres;  fire  extinguishing  apparatus . Ch.  3,  §36 

Publication  of  proposed  ordinances . Ch.  1,  §5 

Municipal  court  jurors,  fees . Ch.  27,  §6 

Speed  regulations . . ‘Ch.  24,  §17 

Bensonhurst  Yacht  Club . Ch.  11,  §2 

West  End  Gun  Club . Ch.  11,  §2 

Rehearing  for  dismissed  employees  of  police  or  fire 

department . Ch.  16,  §10 

Rehearing  for  dismissed  policemen  and  firemen . Ch.  16,  §10 

Stands  within  stoop  lines  and  under  elevated  railway  stairs. Ch.  23,  §149 

Public  worship  in  streets . Ch.  23,  §20 

Speed  regulation . Ch.  24,  §17 

Dept,  of  Correction . Ch.  7,  §4 

Sinking  funds . Ch.  2,  §4 

Motion  picture  theatres . Obsolete 

False  and  misleading  advertising . Ch.  27,  §1 

Garages . Ch.  10,  §154 

Use  of  water . Ch.  25,  §42 

Letter  boxes . * . Ch.  27,  §7 

Public  employment  bureau . Ch.  2,  Art.  12 

Fulton  market . Omitted;  a  repealing  ord. 

Theatres . Ch.  3,  §1 

Northfield  Gun  Club . Ch.  11,  §2 

Garages . Ch.  10,  §152 


674 


GENERAL  ORDINANCES  REPEALED. 


Ord.  Effective.  Relating  to  Location  in  Code. 


May  29,  1914  Dumb  Waiter  shafts . Ch.  5,  §374 

May  29,  1914  Fences,  billboards,  etc . Ch.  5,  Art.  21 

June  6,  1914  Public  carts - *. . Ch.  14,  Art.  11 

June  23,  1914  Pistol  permits . Ch.  11,  §1 

June  29,  1914  Dept,  of  Licenses,  generally . Ch.  14 

June  30,  1914  Manhattan  bridge  market . Ch.  15,  §25 

June  30,  1914  Use  of  sidewalks . Ch.  24,  §§16,  31 

July  7,  1914  Public  hacks,  sightseeing  cars,  etc . Ch.  14,  Art.  8 

July  7,  1914  Nassau  Gun  Club . Repealed 

July  7,  1914  Pleasant  Bay  Gun  Club . Ch.  11,  §2 

July  7,  1914  Prospect  Gun  Club . Repealed 

July  7,  1914  Rosedale  Gun  Club . Repealed 

July  7,  1914  Circulars  and  handbills . Ch.  22,  §16 

July  7,  1914  Watering  horses . Ch.  25,  §44 

July  7,  1914  Refund  of  public  hack  fees . Ch.  14,  §86 

Julv  7,  1914  Parades . Ch.  24,  §38 

July  16,  1914  Commissioner  of  Licenses . Ch.  14,  §5 

Aug.  11,  1914  Lights  on  vehicles . Ch.  24,  §12 

Aug.  11,  1914  Taximeters  of  public  hacks . Ch.  14,  §101 

Aug.  11,  1914  Farmers’  market  in  Bronx . Ch.  15,  §33 

Aug.  11,  1914  Partition  fences . Ch.  5,  Art.  11 

Aug.  11,  1914  Vacations  for  per  diem  employees . Ch.  16,  §2 

Aug.  14,  1914  Speed  regulations . Ch.  24,  §17 

Aug.  14,  1914  Peddlers . Ch.  24,  §13 

Aug.  14,  1914  Street  car  stops . Ch.  19,  §18 

Aug.  14,  1914  “Fire  stops,”  street  cars . Ch.  19,  §18 

Aug.  14,  1914  “School  stops,”  street  cars . Ch.  19,  §18 

Aug.  14,  1914  Fire  limits . Ch.  5,  Art.  5 

Sept.  22,  1914  Motion  picture  theatres,  license  fees . Ch.  3,  §32 

Nov.  24,  1914  Plumbing . Ch.  5,  Art.  29 

Dec.  8,  1914  Bayview  Gun  Club . Ch.  11,  §2 

Dec.  8,  1914  Little  Neck  Bay  Yacht  Club . Ch.  11,  §2 

Dec.  22,  1914  Municipal  reference  library . . Ch.  1,  §10 

Jan.  2,  1915  Public  hacks . Ch.  14,  §80 

Jan.  4,  1915  Queensboro  bridge  market . Ch.  15,  §27 

Jan.  4,  1915  Third  avenue  market . Ch.  15,  §28 

Jan.  19,  1915  Fire  limits,  Brooklyn . Ch.  5,  §90 

Jan.  19,  1915  City  clerk  and  sta§,. bonds . Ch.  2,  §270 

Jan.  26,  1915  Stands  within  stoop  lines . Ch.  23,  §149 

Jan.  26,  1915  Cards  and  handbills,  distribution  of . Ch.  22,  §15 

Jan.  26,  1915  Protection  of  sewers . Ch.  22,  §17 

Jan.  26,  1915  Speed  of  vehicles  on  bridges . Ch.  4,  §2 

Jan.  26,  1915  Names  of  bridges . Ch.  4,  §1 

Feb.  9,  1915  Junk  dealers . Ch.  14,  §124 

Feb.  9,  1915  Public  porters . Ch.  14,  §150 

Feb.  9,  1915  Railroads,  elevated,  steam  and  street,  generally . Ch.  19,  §§1-34 

Feb.  9,  1915  Protection  of  sidewalks . Ch.  23,  §188 

Feb.  9,  1915  Excavation  in  streets . Ch.  23,  §94 

Feb.  9,  1914  Staten  Island  Gun  Club . Repealed 


675 


TABLE  OF  DISPOSITION. 


Ord.  Effective.  Relating  to  Location  in  Code. 


Feb.  9,  1915  Official  paper  in  Queens... . Ch.  27,  §9 

Feb.  9,  1915  Herding  cattle,  etc.,  in  streets . Ch.  24,  §32 

Feb.  9,  1915  Protection  of  landmarks . . . Ch.  23,  §§50,51 

Feb.  9,  1915  Disturbance  of  surface  of  streets . Ch.  23,  §§880,  81 

Feb.  9,  1915  Paving  of  abutting  owners . Ch.  23,  §61 

Feb.  9,  1915  Paving,  curbing  and  flagging  sidewalks . Ch.  23,  §§60-63 

Ch.  23,  §§180-185 

Feb.  9,  1915  Vaults  and  cisterns . Ch.  23,  §240 

Feb.  9,  1915  Signs . ; . Ch.  23,  §211 

Feb.  9,  1915  Permits;  borough  presidents’ . Ch.  2,  §203 

Feb.  9,  1915  Street  cars;  speed . Ch.  24,  §15 

Feb.  9,  1915  Sidewalks;  obstructing . Ch.  23,  §188 

Feb.  9,  1915  Drains  across  sidewalks . Ch.  23,  §182 

Feb.  15,  1915  Municipal  office  hours . Ch.  1,  §8 

Feb.  15,  1915  Omnibuses  and  street  cars;  stops . Ch.  24,  §18 

Mar.  9,  1915  Whitcomb  Gun  Club . Ch.  11,  §2 


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New  York 


